A method and system for making a visual PXE system

Abstract

The present invention relates to the field of computer technology, and provides a method and system for making a visualized PXE system. The method comprises: installing and making a distribution tool; mounting a basic image file, and copying the content of the mounting directory to an ISO image file making directory; copying a pre-developed custom file to the ISO image file making directory; defining relevant configurations of an automatic boot system, and defining relevant configurations of an automatic configuration system at the same time; and packaging and generating an ISO image file in a current ISO image file making directory according to the defined automatic boot system and automatic configuration system, so as to facilitate a computer room administrator or a delivery operation and maintenance personnel to use the system out of the box, and the completion of the installation means that the PXE service installation and configuration are completed, and finally, unattended batch installation can be realized by only configuring network information in a PXE installation interactive interface.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to the field of computer technology, and in particular relates to a manufacturing method and system of a visualized PXE system. Background Art

[0002] At present, the mainstream solution for building PXE service is to manually configure the boot system and boot configuration files, manually install and configure network service components, and define the client image source. Among them, PXE (Preboot eXecution Environment) is a very mature technology. Before the birth of PXE technology, it takes a relatively long time to manually deploy a server. Manual installation requires the preparation of installation sources in advance and the manual installation of some services. At the same time, cumbersome configuration is required. The whole process is time-consuming and prone to errors. In addition, it is not practical to manually distribute installation media to dozens or hundreds of computers during batch installation. Therefore, PXE technology came into being. Through this technology, machines within the LAN can start the system installation program through the network, and then deploy uniformly. PXE technology has been widely used in computer rooms, Internet cafes and other occasions where large-scale maintenance of computer systems is required or where frequent reinstallation of operating systems is required.

[0003] The above solution requires the required installation packages to be prepared and installed in advance, and some important service configuration files need to be manually modified or added. The steps are cumbersome and the error rate is high. In addition, it is impossible to automatically fix the address IP obtained by the client Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol (DHCP), which brings inconvenience to the computer room administrator or delivery operation and maintenance personnel. Summary of the invention

[0004] In view of the defects in the prior art, the present invention provides a method for making a visual PXE system, aiming to solve the problem that the mainstream PXE service solution in the prior art needs to prepare the required installation packages in advance and install them, and also needs to manually modify or add some important service configuration files, which has cumbersome steps and high error rate, and cannot automatically fix the address IP obtained by the client DHCP, which brings inconvenience to the computer room administrator or delivery operation and maintenance personnel.

[0005] The technical solution provided by the present invention is: a method for making a visual PXE system, the method comprising the following steps:

[0006] Install and make distribution tools;

[0007] Mount the base image file and copy the contents of the mount directory to the ISO image file production directory. The ISO image file produced based on the ISO image file production directory will be used as the boot source for installing the PXE server.

[0008] Copying the pre-developed custom files to the ISO image file production directory, wherein the custom files include galde program files, repo installation source files based on network services, PXE client boot related configuration files, and self-starting execution script files after the boot system is completed;

[0009] Define the relevant configuration of the automatic boot system and the relevant configuration of the automatic configuration system;

[0010] According to the defined automatic boot system and automatic configuration system, an ISO image file is packaged and generated in the current ISO image file production directory.

[0011] As an improved solution, the galde program file includes a galde interface file, an interactive configuration and a background program file, wherein:

[0012] The information obtained by the galde interface file from user selection or input includes:

[0013] The local network information includes the network card, IP, mask and gateway information, wherein the network card information is automatically read from the local network card and returns a list for selection;

[0014] Client network information, including subnet IP, subnet mask, subnet gateway and subnet range, wherein the subnet range supports multiple segments, each segment of the start and end IP is separated by a specific separator, each segment of the IP is separated by a specific separator, and the IP range resolution is handled by the background program;

[0015] Click the Configure Complete button to end the configuration and drop the configuration into the specified file for the background processing program to read and process, and close the interactive window to continue the automatic boot program execution.

[0016] As an improved solution, the PXE client boot-related configuration files include the client installed automatic boot configuration file isolinux.cfg, the automatic configuration file ks.cfg and the script file for fixing the client IP, wherein the client automatic configuration file ks.cfg defines the fixed IP script to be executed after the boot is completed.

[0017] As an improved solution, the self-starting execution script file is a series of scripts that need to be automatically executed after the PXE server restarts the machine at the end of the installation boot. This series of scripts is used to install network services, read configuration files and configure them into network services to specify the boot source information and network configuration information of the client installation.

[0018] As an improved solution, the step of defining the relevant configuration of the automatic guidance system specifically includes the following steps:

[0019] Modify isolinux.cfg, set label linux to add a custom menu;

[0020] Specify a menu name and set it as not the default startup menu;

[0021] Add the inst.ks keyword to specify the installation of the PXE server kickstart file pxe-server-ks.cfg;

[0022] The step of defining the relevant configuration of the automatic configuration system specifically includes the following steps:

[0023] Configure general settings including language, network, time zone, automatic partitioning options, root password, and automatic reboot;

[0024] Add %post and %end tags at the end of the file, which contain information to configure the shell script.

[0025] Another object of the present invention is to provide a system for making a visual PXE system based on the method for making a visual PXE system, the system comprising:

[0026] Distribution tool production module, used to install and produce distribution tools;

[0027] An ISO image file production directory generation module is used to mount the basic image file and copy the contents of the mount directory to the ISO image file production directory, wherein the ISO image file produced based on the ISO image file production directory will be used as a boot source for installing the PXE server;

[0028] A custom file copying module, used to copy pre-developed custom files to the ISO image file production directory, wherein the custom files include galde program files, repo installation source files based on network services, PXE client boot related configuration files, and self-starting execution script files after the boot system is completed;

[0029] An automatic boot system definition module is used to define the relevant configuration of the automatic boot system;

[0030] Automatic configuration system definition module, used to define the relevant configuration of the automatic configuration system;

[0031] The ISO image file generation module is used to package and generate an ISO image file in the current ISO image file production directory according to the defined automatic boot system and automatic configuration system.

[0032] As an improved solution, the galde program file includes a galde interface file, an interactive configuration and a background program file, wherein:

[0033] The information obtained by the galde interface file from user selection or input includes:

[0034] The local network information includes the network card, IP, mask and gateway information, wherein the network card information is automatically read from the local network card and returns a list for selection;

[0035] Client network information, including subnet IP, subnet mask, subnet gateway and subnet range, wherein the subnet range supports multiple segments, each segment of the start and end IP is separated by a specific separator, each segment of the IP is separated by a specific separator, and the IP range resolution is handled by the background program;

[0036] Click the Configure Complete button to end the configuration and drop the configuration into the specified file for the background processing program to read and process, and close the interactive window to continue the automatic boot program execution.

[0037] As an improved solution, the PXE client boot-related configuration files include the client installed automatic boot configuration file isolinux.cfg, the automatic configuration file ks.cfg and the script file for fixing the client IP, wherein the client automatic configuration file ks.cfg defines the fixed IP script to be executed after the boot is completed.

[0038] As an improved solution, the self-starting execution script file is a series of scripts that need to be automatically executed after the PXE server restarts the machine at the end of the installation boot. This series of scripts is used to install network services, read configuration files and configure them into network services to specify the boot source information and network configuration information of the client installation.

[0039] As an improved solution, the automatic guidance system definition module specifically includes:

[0040] Custom menu setting module, used to modify isolinux.cfg, set label linux to add custom menu;

[0041] The startup menu setting module is used to specify the menu name and set it as the default startup menu;

[0042] The file specification module is used to add the inst.ks keyword to specify the installation of the PXE server kickstart file pxe-server-ks.cfg;

[0043] The automatic configuration system definition module specifically includes:

[0044] General settings options configuration module, used to configure general settings options including language, network, time zone, automatic partitioning options, root password and automatic restart;

[0045] The tag module is used to add %post and %end tags at the end of the file. The tags contain information for configuring the shell script.

[0046] In an embodiment of the present invention, a distribution tool is installed and produced; a basic image file is mounted, and the contents of the mount directory are copied to an ISO image file production directory; a pre-developed custom file is copied to the ISO image file production directory; relevant configurations of an automatic boot system are defined, and relevant configurations of an automatic configuration system are defined at the same time; according to the defined automatic boot system and automatic configuration system, an ISO image file is packaged and generated in the current ISO image file production directory, so that it is convenient for a computer room administrator or a delivery operation and maintenance personnel to use the system out of the box. The completion of the installation means that the PXE service installation and configuration are completed, and finally, unattended batch installation can be realized by only configuring the network information in the PXE installation interactive interface. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0047] In order to more clearly illustrate the specific embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the following is a brief introduction to the drawings required for the specific embodiments or the description of the prior art. In all the drawings, similar elements or parts are generally identified by similar reference numerals. In the drawings, the elements or parts are not necessarily drawn according to the actual scale.

[0048] Figure 1 It is a flow chart of the implementation of the method for making a visual PXE system provided by the present invention;

[0049] Figure 2 It is a flow chart for implementing the relevant configuration of the automatic guidance system provided by the present invention;

[0050] Figure 3 It is a flow chart for implementing the relevant configurations of the automatic configuration system provided by the present invention;

[0051] Figure 4 It is a structural block diagram of a production system of a visualized PXE system provided by the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0052] The following embodiments of the technical solution of the present invention are described in detail in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. The following embodiments are only used to more clearly illustrate the technical solution of the present invention, and are therefore only used as examples, and cannot be used to limit the protection scope of the present invention.

[0053] Figure 1 The present invention provides a method for implementing a visual PXE system, which specifically includes the following steps:

[0054] In step S101, the distribution tools are installed and created, wherein the distribution tools include but are not limited to the createrepo tool, the mkisofs tool, the isomd5sum tool, and the squashfs-tools tool:

[0055] The createrepo tool is used to create a yum source (software warehouse), that is, to index many rpm packages stored in a specific local location, describe the dependency information required by each package, and form metadata;

[0056] The mkisofs tool can make the specified directory and files into an ISO 9660 image file for burning a CD;

[0057] On Linux or Unix, the isomd5sum tool is a tool program used to calculate and verify file message digests;

[0058] The squashfs-tools tool is a set of compressed read-only file system tools based on the Linux kernel. The file system tool can compress documents, inodes and directories in the system, and the maximum file size supported is 2^64 bytes.

[0059] In step S102, the basic image file is mounted, and the contents of the mount directory are copied to the ISO image file production directory, wherein the ISO image file produced based on the ISO image file production directory will be used as a boot source for installing the PXE server;

[0060] In step S103, the pre-developed custom files are copied to the ISO image file production directory, wherein the custom files include galde program files, repo installation source files based on network services, PXE client boot related configuration files, and self-starting execution script files after the boot system is completed;

[0061] In step S104, the relevant configuration of the automatic guidance system is defined, and the relevant configuration of the automatic configuration system is defined at the same time;

[0062] In step S105, according to the defined automatic boot system and automatic configuration system, an ISO image file is packaged and generated in the current ISO image file production directory.

[0063] In an embodiment of the present invention, the galde program file includes a galde interface file, an interactive configuration, and a background program file, wherein:

[0064] (1) The information obtained by the galde interface file from user selection or input includes:

[0065] The local network information includes the network card, IP, mask and gateway information, wherein the network card information is automatically read from the local network card and returns a list for selection;

[0066] Client network information, including subnet IP, subnet mask, subnet gateway and subnet range, wherein the subnet range supports multiple segments, each segment of the start and end IP is separated by a specific separator, each segment of the IP is separated by a specific separator, and the IP range resolution is handled by the background program;

[0067] Configuration Complete button, to end the configuration and drop the configuration into the specified file for the background processing program to read and process, and close the interactive window to continue the automatic boot program execution;

[0068] In this embodiment, Glade is a GTK+ graphical user interface generator. In other words, Glade is a Visual Programming Tool, similar to Visual Tools on the Microsoft Windows platform. Just drag it with the mouse and it will automatically generate C source code for you. So lazy people like us don't have to worry about the design of the screen. Just use Glade to design the screen, and then use the editor to slightly modify the code. (Now there are also GTK+ interfaces in various languages ​​such as C++, Ada95, Python, Perl, etc. If combined with other tools, it can also automatically generate C++, Ada95, Pythonand Perl code).

[0069] (2) Interaction configuration file, i.e., the target file where information is dropped from the interactive interface, used by background program files and automatic execution scripts, and mainly contains local network information and client network information;

[0070] (3) Background program files: The processing program mainly includes collecting the local network card program, reading the local network configuration information from the interactive configuration file and configuring it to the local network card program.

[0071] In an embodiment of the present invention, the PXE client boot-related configuration files include the client installed automatic boot configuration file isolinux.cfg, the automatic configuration file ks.cfg and the script file for fixing the client IP, wherein the client automatic configuration file ks.cfg defines the fixed IP script to be executed after the boot is completed.

[0072] In the embodiment of the present invention, the self-starting execution script file is a series of scripts that need to be automatically executed by the PXE server after the machine is restarted at the end of the installation boot. The series of scripts are used to install network services, read configuration files and configure them into network services to specify the boot source information and network configuration information of the client installation, which specifically include:

[0073] 1) Link the CD-ROM system files to the local system directory and install them;

[0074] 2) Disable the firewall and security enhancement module (selinux);

[0075] 3) Configure the local installation source and install network service components (dhcp, tftp-server, xinetd, syslinux, httpd);

[0076] 4) Read the local IP and client subnet network information from the interactive configuration file and configure them into the configuration file of the DHCP service and restart the DHCP service;

[0077] 5) Start xinetd and tftp services. Xinetd stands for extended internet daemon. Xinetd is a new generation of network daemon service program, also known as super Internet server, which is often used to manage a variety of lightweight Internet services. Xinetd provides functions similar to inetd+tcp_wrapper, but is more powerful and secure. TFTP (Trivial File Transfer Protocol) is a protocol in the TCP / IP protocol family used for simple file transfer between client and server, providing simple and low-cost file transfer services.

[0078] 6)

[0079] / usr / share / syslinux / {menu.c32,vesamenu.c32,pxelinux.0} (bootloader configuration file) is copied to the tftp directory (default / var / lib / tftpboot).

[0080] 7) Mount the image file to the httpd service directory ( / var / www / html) and restart the httpd service. httpd is the main program of the Apache Hypertext Transfer Protocol (HTTP) server. It is designed as an independently running background process, which will establish a pool of child processes or threads to handle requests;

[0081] 8) Copy kernel files (vmlinuz, initrd.img, boot.msg, splash.png, etc.) from the image directory to the tftp directory;

[0082] 9) Copy the interactive configuration file, the ks.cfg file dedicated for PXE client installation, and the script file for fixing the client IP from the glade program file directory and the PXE client automatic boot configuration file directory to the http service directory ( / var / www / html);

[0083] 10) Copy isolinux.cfg from the configuration file directory of the PXE installation-related program to the tftp directory, and modify the inst.ks keyword to specify the ks.cfg published by the PXE service locally;

[0084] 11) Remove the command to execute the automatic script added to the / root / .bash_profile file to prevent the PXE service from repeatedly executing the above script after restarting the machine.

[0085] In the embodiment of the present invention, Figure 2 As shown, the steps of defining the relevant configuration of the automatic boot system specifically include the following steps:

[0086] In step S201, modify isolinux.cfg, set label linux to add a custom menu;

[0087] In step S202, a menu name is specified and set as a non-default startup menu;

[0088] In step S203, the inst.ks keyword is added to specify the installation of the PXE server kickstart file pxe-server-ks.cfg;

[0089] like Figure 3 As shown, the steps of defining the relevant configuration of the automatic configuration system specifically include the following steps:

[0090] In step S301, general setting options including language, network, time zone, automatic partitioning options, root password, and automatic restart are configured;

[0091] In step S302, %post and %end tags are added at the end of the file, and the tags contain information for configuring the shell script;

[0092] The configuration process of the shell script is as follows:

[0093] 1) Link the CD-ROM system files to the local system directory and install them;

[0094] 2) Copy the glade program file to the target execution directory of the program (existing / new) and execute it;

[0095] 3) Close the enterprise authentication interface after restart;

[0096] 4) Configure the / etc / gdm / custom.conf file to automatically log in to the system as root after the boot is completed and the system automatically restarts;

[0097] 5) Copy the automatic execution script from the ISO production directory to the target directory (existing / new);

[0098] 6) Add the command to execute the automatic script to the / root / .bash_profile file. After the system restarts and automatically logs in, the script will be automatically executed to install and configure the PXE service.

[0099] The embodiment of the present invention is implemented with galde visual configuration + automatic boot system + automatic configuration system + self-executing script [DHCP (client obtains IP) + TFTP (transmits files required for Linux startup) + HTTP (provides installation source) + client automatic boot, automatic configuration + client fixed IP], and is finally delivered as an ISO image file.

[0100] Figure 4 1 is a structural block diagram of a production system of a visualized PXE system provided by the present invention. For ease of description, only the parts related to the embodiment of the present invention are shown in the figure.

[0101] The production system of the visual PXE system includes:

[0102] A distribution tool making module 11 is used to install and make distribution tools;

[0103] An ISO image file production directory generation module 12 is used to mount the basic image file and copy the mount directory content to the ISO image file production directory, wherein the ISO image file produced based on the ISO image file production directory will be used as a boot source for installing the PXE server;

[0104] A custom file copying module 13 is used to copy the pre-developed custom files to the ISO image file production directory, wherein the custom files include galde program files, repo installation source files based on network services, PXE client boot related configuration files, and self-starting execution script files after the boot system is completed;

[0105] The automatic guidance system definition module 14 is used to define the relevant configuration of the automatic guidance system;

[0106] An automatic configuration system definition module 15, used to define the relevant configuration of the automatic configuration system;

[0107] The ISO image file generation module 16 is used to package and generate an ISO image file in the current ISO image file production directory according to the defined automatic boot system and automatic configuration system.

[0108] Among them, the automatic guidance system definition module 14 specifically includes:

[0109] Custom menu setting module 17, used to modify isolinux.cfg, set label linux to add custom menu;

[0110] The startup menu setting module 18 is used to specify a menu name and set it as a non-default startup menu;

[0111] File designation module 19, used to add the inst.ks keyword to specify the installation of the PXE server kickstart file pxe-server-ks.cfg;

[0112] The automatic configuration system definition module 15 specifically includes:

[0113] A general setting option configuration module 20, used to configure general setting options including language, network, time zone, automatic partitioning options, root password and automatic restart;

[0114] The marking module 21 is used to add %post and %end marks at the end of the file, and the marks contain information for configuring the shell script.

[0115] Among them, the functions of the above modules are as recorded in the above method embodiments and will not be repeated here.

[0116] In an embodiment of the present invention, a distribution tool is installed and produced; a basic image file is mounted, and the contents of the mount directory are copied to an ISO image file production directory; a pre-developed custom file is copied to the ISO image file production directory; relevant configurations of an automatic boot system are defined, and relevant configurations of an automatic configuration system are defined at the same time; according to the defined automatic boot system and automatic configuration system, an ISO image file is packaged and generated in the current ISO image file production directory, so that it is convenient for a computer room administrator or a delivery operation and maintenance personnel to use the system out of the box. The completion of the installation means that the PXE service installation and configuration are completed, and finally, unattended batch installation can be realized by only configuring the network information in the PXE installation interactive interface.

[0117] The above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention, rather than to limit the same. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the above embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that the technical solutions described in the above embodiments may still be modified, or some or all of the technical features may be replaced by equivalents. Such modifications or replacements do not deviate the essence of the corresponding technical solutions from the scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, and should all be included in the scope of the claims and specification of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for making a visual PXE system, characterized in that: The method comprises the following steps: Install and make distribution tools; Mount the base image file and copy the contents of the mount directory to the ISO image file production directory. The ISO image file produced based on the ISO image file production directory will be used as the boot source for installing the PXE server. Copying the pre-developed custom files to the ISO image file production directory, wherein the custom files include galde program files, repo installation source files based on network services, PXE client boot related configuration files, and self-starting execution script files after the boot system is completed; Define the relevant configuration of the automatic boot system and the relevant configuration of the automatic configuration system; According to the defined automatic boot system and automatic configuration system, package and generate ISO image files in the current ISO image file production directory; The PXE client boot-related configuration files include the client installed automatic boot configuration file isolinux.cfg, the automatic configuration file ks.cfg and the script file for fixing the client IP, wherein the client automatic configuration file ks.cfg defines the fixed IP script to be executed after the boot is completed.

2. The method for making a visual PXE system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The galde program files include galde interface files, interactive configuration and background program files, among which: The information obtained by the galde interface file from user selection or input includes: The local network information includes the network card, IP, mask and gateway information, wherein the network card information is automatically read from the local network card and returns a list for selection; Client network information, including subnet IP, subnet mask, subnet gateway and subnet range, wherein the subnet range supports multiple segments, each segment of the start and end IP is separated by a specific separator, each segment of the IP is separated by a specific separator, and the IP range resolution is handled by the background program; Click the Configure Complete button to end the configuration and drop the configuration into the specified file for the background processing program to read and process, and close the interactive window to continue the automatic boot program execution.

3. The method for making a visual PXE system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The self-starting execution script file is a series of scripts that need to be automatically executed by the PXE server after the machine is restarted at the end of the installation boot. The series of scripts is used to install network services, read configuration files and configure them into network services to specify the boot source information and network configuration information of the client installation.

4. The method for making a visual PXE system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The step of defining the relevant configuration of the automatic guidance system specifically comprises the following steps: Modify isolinux.cfg, set label linux to add a custom menu; Specify a menu name and set it as not the default startup menu; Add the inst.ks keyword to specify the installation of the PXE server kickstart file pxe-server-ks.cfg; The step of defining the relevant configuration of the automatic configuration system specifically includes the following steps: Configure general settings including language, network, time zone, automatic partitioning options, root password, and automatic reboot; Add %post and %end tags at the end of the file, which contain information to configure the shell script.

5. A system for making a visual PXE system based on the method for making a visual PXE system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The system comprises: Distribution tool production module, used to install and produce distribution tools; An ISO image file production directory generation module is used to mount the basic image file and copy the contents of the mount directory to the ISO image file production directory, wherein the ISO image file produced based on the ISO image file production directory will be used as a boot source for installing the PXE server; A custom file copying module, used to copy pre-developed custom files to the ISO image file production directory, wherein the custom files include galde program files, repo installation source files based on network services, PXE client boot related configuration files, and self-starting execution script files after the boot system is completed; An automatic boot system definition module is used to define the relevant configuration of the automatic boot system; Automatic configuration system definition module, used to define the relevant configuration of the automatic configuration system; The ISO image file generation module is used to package and generate an ISO image file in the current ISO image file production directory according to the defined automatic boot system and automatic configuration system; The PXE client boot-related configuration files include the client installed automatic boot configuration file isolinux.cfg, the automatic configuration file ks.cfg and the script file for fixing the client IP, wherein the client automatic configuration file ks.cfg defines the fixed IP script to be executed after the boot is completed.

6. The system for making a visual PXE system according to claim 5, characterized in that: The galde program files include galde interface files, interactive configuration and background program files, among which: The information obtained by the galde interface file from user selection or input includes: The local network information includes the network card, IP, mask and gateway information, wherein the network card information is automatically read from the local network card and returns a list for selection; Client network information, including subnet IP, subnet mask, subnet gateway and subnet range, wherein the subnet range supports multiple segments, each segment of the start and end IP is separated by a specific separator, each segment of the IP is separated by a specific separator, and the IP range resolution is handled by the background program; Click the Configure Complete button to end the configuration and drop the configuration into the specified file for the background processing program to read and process, and close the interactive window to continue the automatic boot program execution.

7. The system for making a visual PXE system according to claim 5, characterized in that: The self-starting execution script file is a series of scripts that need to be automatically executed by the PXE server after the machine is restarted at the end of the installation boot. The series of scripts is used to install network services, read configuration files and configure them into network services to specify the boot source information and network configuration information of the client installation.

8. The system for making a visual PXE system according to claim 5, characterized in that: The automatic guidance system definition module specifically includes: Custom menu setting module, used to modify isolinux.cfg, set label linux to add custom menu; The startup menu setting module is used to specify the menu name and set it as the default startup menu; The file specification module is used to add the inst.ks keyword to specify the installation of the PXE server kickstart file pxe-server-ks.cfg; The automatic configuration system definition module specifically includes: General settings options configuration module, used to configure general settings options including language, network, time zone, automatic partitioning options, root password and automatic restart; The tag module is used to add %post and %end tags at the end of the file. The tags contain information for configuring the shell script.

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