A flexible erosion-resistant columnar channel protection facility and its construction method

Abstract

The present invention discloses a flexible anti-erosion columnar channel protection facility and its construction method, belonging to the technical fields of geotechnical engineering and hydraulic engineering. For this flexible anti-erosion columnar channel protection facility, an upper fixing part and a lower fixing part are respectively arranged at the top and bottom of the protection structure. The upper fixing part includes a top fixing groove, in which a backfill cemented soil layer and a first backfill stone layer are sequentially arranged from top to bottom. The lower fixing part includes a bottom fixing groove, in which an anti-scouring fixing layer and a second backfill stone layer are sequentially arranged from top to bottom. A composite material protection layer is fixed on the surface of the protection structure by U-shaped nails. In the present invention, crop wastes are selected as the internal filling material of the flexible anti-erosion columnar channel protection facility, realizing the organic integration of the protection facility and ecological environment protection. It has good heat preservation performance and can effectively solve the problems of lack of effective prevention of frost heave damage and erosion damage in the existing water conveyance channels.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical fields of geotechnical engineering and hydraulic engineering, and particularly relates to a flexible erosion-resistant columnar channel protection facility and a construction method thereof. Background Art

[0002] Channels, as the main water conveyance form in projects such as agricultural irrigation and large-scale water diversion, play an extremely important role in social ecology and economic development. The stability of the channel slope directly affects the overall water conveyance performance and stability of the channel. Traditional channel slope protection forms mainly include: dry stone pitching, crushed stone pitching, concrete slab pitching, and mixed pitching, etc. The above protection forms have excellent protection efficiency in southern China and areas with higher temperatures, but in expansive soil areas, especially in alpine regions, due to damage forms such as freeze-thaw and frost heave of the channel slope, the traditional channel slope protection structure can no longer meet the channel protection requirements in this area, and the damaged protection structure and slope erosion materials are all silted at the bottom of the channel, raising the water level of the channel and having a more serious impact on the normal process capacity of the channel. Summary of the Invention

[0003] Aiming at the above deficiencies or defects, the purpose of the present invention is to provide a flexible erosion-resistant columnar channel protection facility and a construction method thereof, which can effectively solve the problem of the lack of effective prevention of frost heave damage and erosion damage in the existing water conveyance channels.

[0004] To achieve the above purpose, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions:

[0005] The present invention provides a flexible erosion-resistant columnar channel protection facility. The top and bottom of the protection structure are respectively provided with an upper fixing part and a lower fixing part. The upper fixing part includes a top fixing groove, and a backfill cemented soil layer and a first backfill stone layer are sequentially arranged in the top fixing groove from top to bottom. The lower fixing part includes a bottom fixing groove, and an erosion-resistant fixing layer and a second backfill stone layer are sequentially arranged in the bottom fixing groove from top to bottom. The surface of the protection structure is fixed with a composite material protection layer by U-shaped nails.

[0006] Further, the composite material protection layer is sequentially composed of an auxiliary anti-seepage bonding layer, an erosion-resistant and anti-aging layer, a connection buffer layer, a main anti-seepage layer, and a soil protection and reverse filtration layer from outside to inside.

[0007] In the present invention, the composite material protection layer (i.e., the flexible erosion-resistant columnar protection material) has excellent low-temperature resistance, frost heave resistance, puncture resistance, top break resistance, and deformation adaptability, etc.

[0008] Further, the material of the auxiliary anti-seepage bonding layer is cyanate ester coating, the material of the erosion-resistant and anti-aging layer is PET cloth, and the material of the connection buffer layer is 200g / m 2Geotextile, the material of the main anti-seepage layer is a geomembrane with a thickness of 0.3 - 0.5 mm, and the material of the soil retention and filter layer is 400 g / m 2 Geotextile.

[0009] Furthermore, the structural form of the composite material protection layer adopts columnar structure protection. When the upper surface of this composite material is fabricated, a space for filling deformation inside the structure is reserved, and the bottom is kept flat to increase the fitting degree of the material with the channel slope. The laying area of each piece of this type of protection facility is 1 - 2 m 2 .

[0010] Furthermore, the internal filling material of the flexible anti-erosion columnar channel protection facility is crop waste, and the particle size of the crop waste is much larger than the pore size of the protection material.

[0011] Furthermore, the crop waste is rice husk or straw.

[0012] The present invention uses rice husk or straw as the internal filling material, which has good characteristics such as anti-scouring and anti-erosion. At the same time, this filling material has the advantages of anti-aging, large particle size, good ecological benefits, and secondary utilization of agricultural waste. In addition, using rice husk or straw as the filling material has good heat preservation performance, which can protect the channel slope from freeze-thaw, frost heaving and other damage forms in alpine regions, and protect the slope stability and water conveyance stability of the channel slope.

[0013] The present invention also provides a construction method for the above-mentioned flexible anti-erosion columnar channel protection facility, which specifically includes the following steps:

[0014] Step (1): Clean the sundries on the surface of the channel slope and repair and level the channel slope;

[0015] Step (2): Fill the crushed rice husk into the columnar reserved holes of the protection facility and seal it to complete the filling work of all protection facilities;

[0016] Step (3): According to the design requirements of the channel slope protection facility, lay the protection facilities filled in step (2) on the surface of the channel slope in sequence, and use connecting ropes to connect adjacent two protection facilities;

[0017] Step (4): Anchor the protection facilities laid in step (3) according to the U-shaped nail fixing method to complete the laying of all protection facilities;

[0018] Step (5): Use connecting ropes to connect the surrounding fixed-end protection materials with the columnar protection facilities, and dig a trench with a width of 40 - 55 cm and a depth of 90 - 110 cm at the boundary of the four sides of the protection facilities;

[0019] Step (6): Place the connected boundary protection material inside the dug trench, and at the same time anchor it using the U-shaped nail anchoring method;

[0020] Step (7): After step (6) is completed, the backfilling method for the bottom trench is the geotextile bag ballast method;

[0021] Step (8): After step (6) is completed, the backfilling method for the two side anchoring trenches is the rubble backfilling method;

[0022] Step (9): After step (6) is completed, the backfilling method for the top anchoring trench is the soil-rock layered ramming backfilling method.

[0023] In the present invention, the boundary fixation adopts the boundary U-shaped soil trench fixation method, that is, trenches with a width of 40 - 55 cm and a depth of 90 - 110 cm are excavated at the boundaries of the four sides of the protection facility. Subsequently, the boundary fixation material is placed inside the trenches and fixed with U-shaped nails. Finally, the soil trenches are backfilled; for the backfilling method of the trenches on both sides of the protection facility, large stones are used to press the bottom layer, and the upper layer is backfilled with cemented soil. This method can increase the anti-erosion characteristics of the boundary of the protection facility, prevent the backfill material inside the two side trenches from slipping when encountering water, and ensure the safe and stable operation of the protection facility; to prevent problems such as low cementation degree of the soil material, during the backfilling of the top trench, the cemented soil layered ramming method is used for backfilling. When preparing the cemented soil, the mix ratio of lime, cement, and soil material is determined according to the physical and mechanical properties of the soil such as the dispersibility, cementation, and particle size of the soil material and the water flow characteristics, etc., so that the anti-erosion characteristics of the cemented soil reach the optimal; the U-shaped nails are made of deformed steel bars, and their length is determined according to the anti-erosion characteristics of the water flow to increase the anti-erosion and anti-scour characteristics of the protection facility.

[0024] Further, the specific process of the U-shaped nail fixation method in step (4) is as follows: First, drive the U-shaped nail into 1 / 3 - 1 / 2 of the total length of the U-shaped nail, then pull it out, pour concrete slurry into the hole, and finally drive the U-shaped nail completely in.

[0025] Further, in step (5), the width of the trench is 50 cm and the depth is 100 cm.

[0026] Further, the specific process of connecting two adjacent protection facilities by using the connection method of connecting ropes in step (5) is as follows: First, drill and iron the connection holes at 3 - 4 cm from the boundary of the protection facility, and then use the eight-character threading method for connection. The diameters of the connection holes and the connection ropes are determined according to the water flow characteristics.

[0027] Further, the specific process of the geotextile bag pressing method in step (7) is as follows: First, an anchorage trench with a depth of 1 m and a width of 0.5 m is excavated at the bottom of the protection facility. After the excavation is completed, the connected anchorage materials are placed in the anchorage trench, and U-shaped nails are used for anchoring; then the geotextile bags are placed in the protection anchorage trench, and the geotextile bags are layered with caked soil, sand, gravel or other materials and tamped; finally, a hand-held sewing machine is used to seal the geotextile bags.

[0028] Further, the specific process of the crushed stone backfilling method in step (8) is as follows: First, an anchorage trench with a depth of 1 m and a width of 0.5 m is excavated at the top of the protection facility. After the excavation is completed, the anchorage materials connected to the protection facility are placed in the anchorage trench; since the surface of the anchorage materials is smooth, when anchoring both sides of the protection facility, there is a risk that the backfilled soil will slide along the slope. Therefore, when using U-shaped nails to anchor the anchorage materials, the U-shaped nails are driven in by a semi-nailing method, and in the 0.5 m wide anchorage trench, the number of U-shaped nails driven in each row is not less than 5; then the prepared crushed stone is backfilled, and finally the soil dug out from the anchorage trench is tamped and backfilled by the layered tamping method.

[0029] Further, the specific process of the soil layered tamping and backfilling method in step (9) is as follows: First, an anchorage trench with a depth of 1 m and a width of 0.5 m is excavated at the top of the protection facility. After the excavation is completed, the anchorage materials connected to the protection facility are placed in the anchorage trench, and then U-shaped nails are used to anchor the anchorage materials; finally, after the excavated soil is modified, it is backfilled by the layered tamping method.

[0030] Further, the specific process of the final backfilling by the layered tamping method in step (9) is as follows: First, a layer of soil with a thickness of 0.2 m is placed, and then a rammer is used to tamp it. After the tamping is completed, the second layer of soil is laid for tamping, and so on until the entire anchorage trench is filled.

[0031] In the present invention, to prevent the bottom protection facility from being damaged by water flow erosion, the bottom backfilling method adopts the composite geotextile bag pressing method for backfilling, that is: after the internal boundary fixing materials of the trench are laid and fixed, the composite geotextile bags are placed inside the trench. The filling materials inside the composite geotextile bags can be soil, caked soil, sand or crushed stone materials. After filling, a hand-held sewing machine is used to seal the composite geotextile bags.

[0032] The present invention has the following advantages:

[0033] 1. The present invention provides a flexible anti-erosion columnar channel protection facility. The internal filling material is selected from agricultural waste, such as rice husks, straw and other agricultural waste. This material has the advantages of large particle size, aging resistance, and internal corrosion resistance, realizing the organic integration of the protection facility and ecological environment protection. At the same time, using agricultural waste rice husks and straw as fillers has a good heat preservation function, which can prevent the channel from frost heaving damage to a certain extent and protect the safe and stable operation of the channel;

[0034] 2. When manufacturing the columnar structure of this type of protection facility, the bottom is kept flat, and the top reserves the expansion space after filling each columnar structure material. That is, after filling, the top of this type of protection material is in a columnar shape, and the bottom is kept flat;

[0035] 3. This type of protection facility is laid by using small-area multi-connection (the area of each protection facility is 1m 2 ), effectively solving the disadvantages of large area protection facilities, such as large volume, large mass, difficult to move, and difficult construction in winter, and ensuring the construction quality and progress;

[0036] 4. When constructing this type of protection facility, the bottom of the protection facility is backfilled by using the method of pressing the foot with a composite geotextile bag. That is, first, an anchorage trench is excavated at the bottom of the protection facility, such as 1m deep and 0.5m wide. After excavation, the connected anchorage materials are placed in the anchorage trench and anchored with U-shaped nails; then the geotextile bag is placed in the anchorage trench, and the geotextile bag is layered with cemented soil, sand or gravel and other materials and tamped; finally, the geotextile bag is sealed with a hand-held sewing machine; this construction method can effectively prevent the protection facility from being severely eroded at the bottom, and then the water flow will wash up the protection facility, causing damage to the protection facility, and effectively protecting the safe and stable operation of the channel;

[0037] 5. When constructing this type of protection facility, first, the U-shaped nails are made of deformed steel bars when selecting materials; second, when the U-shaped nails are anchored: first, the U-shaped nails are driven into a certain depth, then pulled out, and a certain amount of prepared concrete slurry is poured into the hole, and finally the U-shaped nails are all driven into it; such construction can improve the local soil environment, make the grip of the U-shaped nails stronger, and effectively increase the anti-erosion and anti-scour characteristics of the protection facility. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0038] Figure 1 It is a cross-sectional structure schematic diagram of the flexible anti-erosion columnar channel protection facility of the present invention;

[0039] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the completion of the laying of the flexible anti-erosion columnar channel protection facility of the present invention;

[0040] Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of the flexible anti-erosion columnar channel protection facility of the present invention. Detailed implementation manners

[0041] In order to make the objectives, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention clearer and more understandable, the present invention will be further described in detail below in conjunction with embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are only used to explain the present invention and are not used to limit the present invention, that is, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than all the embodiments.

[0042] Therefore, the following detailed description of the provided embodiments of the present invention is not intended to limit the scope of the claimed present invention, but merely represents selected embodiments of the present invention. All other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the present invention without creative efforts fall within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0043] Embodiment 1

[0044] This example provides a flexible erosion-resistant columnar channel protection facility, as Figures 1-3 shown. The upper and lower fixing parts are respectively arranged at the top and bottom of the protection structure. The upper fixing part includes a top fixing groove, and a backfill cemented soil layer and a first backfill stone layer are sequentially arranged in the top fixing groove from top to bottom. The lower fixing part includes a bottom fixing groove, and an erosion-resistant fixing layer and a second backfill stone layer are sequentially arranged in the bottom fixing groove from top to bottom. The surface of the protection structure is fixed with a composite material protection layer (i.e., a flexible erosion-resistant columnar protection material) by U-shaped nails. The composite material protection layer is sequentially composed of an auxiliary anti-seepage bonding layer, an erosion-resistant and anti-aging layer, a connection buffer layer, a main anti-seepage layer and a soil conservation and anti-filtration layer from outside to inside. The structural form of the composite material protection layer adopts columnar structure protection, and when the upper surface of the composite material is manufactured, a space for filling deformation inside the structure is reserved, and the bottom is kept flat to increase the fitting degree of the material with the channel slope. The laying area of each piece of this type of protection facility is 1 m 2 , and the internal filling material of the flexible erosion-resistant columnar channel protection facility is rice husk, and the particle size of the rice husk is much larger than the pore diameter of the protection material.

[0045] This example also provides a construction method for the above flexible erosion-resistant columnar channel protection facility, as Figures 1-3 shown, which specifically includes the following steps:

[0046] Step (1): Clean the sundries on the surface of the channel slope and repair and level the channel slope;

[0047] Step (2): Fill the crushed rice husk into the columnar reserved holes of the protection facility and seal them to complete the filling work of all protection facilities;

[0048] Step (3): According to the design requirements of the channel slope protection facilities, the protection facilities filled in step (2) are successively laid on the surface of the channel slope, and adjacent two protection facilities are connected by using connecting ropes;

[0049] Step (4): According to the U-shaped nail fixing method, the protection facilities laid in step (3) are anchored to complete the laying of all protection facilities; specifically, the specific process is as follows: First, drive the U-shaped nail into 1 / 2 of the total length of the U-shaped nail, then pull it out, pour concrete slurry into the hole, and finally drive the U-shaped nail completely in;

[0050] Step (5): Use connecting ropes to connect the surrounding fixed-end protection materials with the columnar protection facilities, and dig a trench with a width of 50 cm and a depth of 100 cm at the boundary of the four sides of the protection facilities; specifically, the specific process of connecting by using the connecting rope connection method is as follows: First, drill and iron the connection holes at 3-4 cm from the boundary of the protection facilities, and then use the eight-character threading method for connection. The diameter of the connection hole and the connecting rope is determined according to the water flow characteristics;

[0051] Step (6): Place the connected boundary protection materials into the dug trench, and at the same time anchor them by using the U-shaped nail anchoring method;

[0052] Step (7): After step (6) is completed, the backfilling method for the bottom groove is the geotextile bag pressing method; specifically, the specific process is as follows: First, dig an anchoring trench with a depth of 1 m and a width of 0.5 m at the bottom of the protection facilities. After the excavation is completed, put the connected anchoring materials into the anchoring trench and anchor them by using U-shaped nails; then place the geotextile bags in the anchoring trench, layer by layer fill the geotextile bags with cemented soil, sand and gravel, and compact them; finally, use a hand-held sewing machine to seal the geotextile bags;

[0053] Step (8): After step (6) is completed, the backfilling method for the two-side anchoring trenches is the block stone backfilling method; specifically, the specific process is as follows: First, dig an anchoring trench with a depth of 1 m and a width of 0.5 m at the top of the protection facilities. After the excavation is completed, place the anchoring materials connected with the protection facilities in the anchoring trench; because the surface of the anchoring materials is smooth, when anchoring the two sides of the protection facilities, there is a risk that the backfilled soil will slide along the slope surface. Therefore, when using U-shaped nails to anchor the anchoring materials, the U-shaped nails are driven in by the half-nail-in method, and in the anchoring trench with a width of 0.5 m, the number of U-shaped nails driven in each row is not less than 5; then backfill the prepared crushed stones, and finally use the layered compaction method to compact and backfill the soil material dug out from the anchoring trench;

[0054] Step (9): After step (6) is completed, the backfilling method for the top anchorage trench is the soil-rock layered compaction backfilling method; the specific process is as follows: First, dig an anchorage trench with a depth of 1 m and a width of 0.5 m on the top of the protection facility. After the excavation is completed, place the anchorage material connected to the protection facility into the anchorage trench, and then use U-shaped nails to anchor the anchorage material; finally, after modifying the excavated soil material, use the layered compaction method for backfilling. First, put a layer of soil material with a thickness of 0.2 m, and then use a rammer to compact it. After the compaction is completed, lay the second layer of soil material for compaction, and so on until the entire anchorage trench is filled.

[0055] Example 2

[0056] This example provides a flexible anti-erosion columnar channel protection facility, which is only different from that in Example 1 in that: the internal filling material of the flexible anti-erosion columnar channel protection facility is straw, and the remaining steps and parameters are the same.

[0057] The construction method of the flexible anti-erosion columnar channel protection facility in this example is the same as that in Example 1.

[0058] The above content is only an example and explanation of the structure of the present invention. Modifications, supplements, or substitutions in a similar manner made by those skilled in the art to the specific embodiments described without creative efforts still fall within the protection scope of this patent.

Claims

1. A construction method of a flexible anti-erosion columnar channel protection facility, characterized in that The top and bottom of the protection structure of the flexible erosion-resistant columnar channel protection facility are respectively provided with an upper fixing part and a lower fixing part. The upper fixing part includes a top fixing groove, in which a backfill cemented soil layer and a first backfill stone layer are sequentially arranged from top to bottom. The lower fixing part includes a bottom fixing groove, in which an erosion-resistant fixing layer and a second backfill stone layer are sequentially arranged from top to bottom. The surface of the protection structure is fixed with a composite material protection layer by U-shaped nails; the composite material protection layer is sequentially composed of an auxiliary anti-seepage bonding layer, an erosion-resistant and anti-aging layer, a connection buffer layer, a main anti-seepage layer and a soil protection and anti-filtration layer from outside to inside; the material of the auxiliary anti-seepage bonding layer is cyanate ester coating, the material of the erosion-resistant and anti-aging layer is PET cloth, the material of the connection buffer layer is 200g / m 2 geotextile, the material of the main anti-seepage layer is a geomembrane with a thickness of 0.3-0.5 mm, and the material of the soil protection and anti-filtration layer is 400 g / m 2 geotextile; the structural form of the composite material protection layer is columnar at the top and flat at the bottom; The construction method specifically includes the following steps: Step (1): Clean the sundries on the surface of the channel slope and repair and level the channel slope; Step (2): Fill the columnar reserved holes of the protective facilities with the crushed rice husks and seal them to complete the filling work of all the protective facilities; Step (3): According to the design requirements of the channel slope protection facilities, lay the protective facilities filled in step (2) on the surface of the channel slope in sequence, and connect two adjacent protective facilities with a connecting rope; Step (4): Anchor the protective facilities laid in step (3) according to the U-shaped nail fixing method to complete the laying of all the protective facilities; Step (5): Connect the surrounding fixed-end protective materials with the columnar protective facilities with a connecting rope, and dig a trench with a width of 40 - 55 cm and a depth of 90 - 110 cm at the boundary of the protective facilities; Step (6): Place the connected boundary protective materials into the dug trench, and at the same time anchor them by using the U-shaped nail anchoring method; Step (7): After step (6) is completed, the backfilling method for the bottom groove is the method of pressing the foot with geotextile bags; Step (8): After step (6) is completed, the backfilling method for the two side anchoring grooves is the method of backfilling with rubble; Step (9): After step (6) is completed, the backfilling method for the top anchoring groove is the method of tamping and backfilling the soil and stone in layers; The specific process of the method of pressing the foot with geotextile bags in step (7) is as follows: First, dig an anchoring groove with a depth of 1 m and a width of 0.5 m at the bottom of the protective facilities. After the excavation is completed, put the connected anchoring materials into the anchoring groove and anchor them with U-shaped nails; then place the geotextile bags in the anchoring groove, layer by layer fill the geotextile bags with cementitious soil, sand or gravel, and tamp them; finally, seal the geotextile bags with a hand-held sewing machine; The specific process of the method of backfilling with rubble in step (8) is as follows: First, dig an anchoring groove with a depth of 1 m and a width of 0.5 m at the top of the protective facilities. After the excavation is completed, place the anchoring materials connected with the protective facilities in the anchoring groove; when using U-shaped nails to anchor the anchoring materials, the U-shaped nails are driven in in a semi-nailing manner, and in the anchoring groove with a width of 0.5 m, the number of U-shaped nails driven in each row is not less than 5; then backfill the prepared crushed stones, and finally use the method of tamping in layers to tamp and backfill the soil material excavated from the anchoring groove; The specific process of the method of tamping and backfilling the soil material in layers in step (9) is as follows: First, dig an anchoring groove with a depth of 1 m and a width of 0.5 m at the top of the protective facilities. After the excavation is completed, place the anchoring materials connected with the protective facilities in the anchoring groove, and then use U-shaped nails to anchor the anchoring materials; finally, after the excavated soil material is modified, backfill it by using the method of tamping in layers.

2. The construction method of the flexible erosion-resistant columnar channel protection facility according to claim 1, characterized in that, The internal filling material of the flexible erosion-resistant columnar channel protection facilities is crop waste, and the particle size of the crop waste is much larger than the pore size of the protection material.

3. The construction method of the flexible erosion-resistant columnar channel protection facility according to claim 1, characterized in that, The specific process of the U-shaped nail fixing method in step (4) is as follows: First, drive the U-shaped nail into 1 / 3 - 1 / 2 of the total length of the U-shaped nail, then pull it out, pour concrete slurry into the hole, and finally drive the U-shaped nail all the way in.

4. The construction method of the flexible erosion-resistant columnar channel protection facility according to claim 1, characterized in that, The specific process of connecting two adjacent protective facilities in step (5) by using a connecting rope is as follows: First, drill and iron connecting holes at a position 3-4 cm away from the boundary of the protective facility, and then use the eight-character threading method for connection.

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