Power control and efficiency improvement method and system for hydrogen production from renewable energy

Abstract

The present invention belongs to the field of energy storage technology, and discloses a method and system for hydrogen production power distribution and renewable energy hydrogen production efficiency improvement. The renewable energy hydrogen production power control method comprises the following steps: obtaining an optimized power P el * , according to the optimized power P el * The difference e between the power P0 corresponding to the optimal efficiency selects the corresponding controller; the selected controller optimizes the power P through the actuator el * Allocate to each sub-electrolyzer, and then compare the total power P of each sub-electrolyzer el With optimized power P el * If not, each sub-electrolyzer is controlled to be at the optimal power p0 through negative feedback. The present invention effectively solves the problem of low efficiency of the hydrogen production system caused by renewable energy hydrogen production, improves the hydrogen production efficiency, and reduces the cost of joint optimization scheduling of renewable energy-hydrogen production system.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to the technical field of energy storage, and in particular relates to a method and system for controlling power and improving efficiency of hydrogen production from renewable energy. Background Art

[0002] Energy transformation is the foundation of economic development. Renewable energy has attracted widespread attention from scholars at home and abroad for its clean, low-carbon and high-efficiency characteristics. However, its storage is difficult, and it has volatility and uncertainty, which will pose a great challenge to the safe and stable operation of the power grid. When the power grid has difficulty in peak regulation, it has to abandon power to maintain its safety, which causes a great waste of energy. Energy storage is one of the effective ways to solve the problem of power abandonment because it can output in both directions, has flexible configuration, short response time and is environmentally friendly.

[0003] As the cleanest secondary energy, hydrogen energy has the characteristics of high energy density, no self-discharge, convenient transportation, and independent power and energy supply time. It is the energy storage method with the most promising large-scale application prospects. At present, the main way to produce hydrogen is still through the coal chemical industry with enriched raw materials, low cost and mature technology. However, due to the large amount of carbon dioxide emitted during the production process, it causes environmental pollution; renewable energy water electrolysis hydrogen production is a rapidly developing technology in recent years. Through renewable energy water electrolysis hydrogen production, it can greatly reduce environmental pollution. At the same time, it can also effectively solve the problem of power abandonment caused by grid scheduling difficulties. It has been a hot topic of research in recent years.

[0004] Hydrogen production by water electrolysis is a relatively convenient method for producing hydrogen. Direct current is passed into an electrolyzer filled with electrolyte, and water molecules undergo electrochemical reactions on the electrodes, decomposing into hydrogen and oxygen. When electrolyzer systems are used on a large scale, multiple electrolyzers are often required to be used in series, and the most common control logic is a simple start-stop solution.

[0005] Simple start-stop plan: When the hydrogen production power is less than the rated power of electrolyzer a1, only electrolyzer a1 is used to produce hydrogen; when the hydrogen production power is greater than the rated power of electrolyzer a1, electrolyzer a2 is turned on, and hydrogen is produced by a1 and a2 at the same time, and it is determined whether the hydrogen production power is greater than the rated power of a1+a2. If it is greater, a3 is turned on, and so on, until all electrolyzers reach the rated power.

[0006] Most electrolyzers with a simple start-stop scheme operate at rated power, resulting in low hydrogen production efficiency. Some electrolyzers will be in intermittent operation for a long time, which will cause them to operate in an operating environment below the rated temperature, further reducing the efficiency of electrolysis. Summary of the invention

[0007] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a method and system for power control and efficiency improvement of hydrogen production from renewable energy, so as to solve the problem of low efficiency of hydrogen production system caused by hydrogen production from renewable energy, so as to improve hydrogen production efficiency and reduce the cost of joint optimization scheduling of hydrogen production system from renewable energy.

[0008] In order to achieve the above object, the present invention adopts the following technical solution:

[0009] In a first aspect, the present invention provides a method for controlling power of hydrogen production from renewable energy, comprising the following steps:

[0010] Get the optimized power P el * , according to the optimized power P el * The difference e from the power P0 corresponding to the optimal efficiency selects the corresponding controller;

[0011] The selected controller optimizes the power P through the actuator. el * Allocate to each sub-electrolyzer, and then compare the total power P of each sub-electrolyzer el With optimized power P el * Are they consistent? If not, each sub-electrolyzer is controlled to be at the optimal power p0 through negative feedback.

[0012] A further improvement of the present invention is that the controllers include five in total, which are represented as NB, NS, Z, PS, and PB respectively; the control strategy of each controller is represented by the following formula:

[0013]

[0014] The number of electrolytic cells opened is expressed by the following formula:

[0015]

[0016] Where P el represents the total power of the sub-electrolyzer, in MW; p0 represents the optimal hydrogen production power of each sub-electrolyzer, in MW; p rate_i represents the rated hydrogen production power of each sub-electrolyzer, in MW; l represents the number of electrolyzers that reach the rated power, obtained by iteration; n is the total number of sub-electrolyzers.

[0017] A further improvement of the present invention is that: el * The steps of selecting a corresponding controller based on the difference e of the power P0 corresponding to the optimal efficiency specifically include:

[0018] If e∈NB, each sub-electrolyzer is in intermittent operation, and the total hydrogen production power is equal to:

[0019] P el =0, i=1,2,…n

[0020] If e∈NS, make the electrolytic cells a1, a2, …, a k ,j=1,2…k; the power corresponding to the optimal efficiency p0 is achieved, the power of K electrolyzers is equal to the optimal power p0, and the remaining nk electrolyzers are in intermittent operation. The total hydrogen production power is equal to:

[0021] P el =k×p0

[0022] If e∈Z, the power of each sub-electrolyzer is equal to the power corresponding to the optimal efficiency p0, and the total hydrogen production power is equal to:

[0023] P el =n×p0

[0024] If e∈PS, first divide p0 from the total power and distribute it evenly to each electrolyzer so that all electrolyzers can reach the optimal efficiency corresponding to power p0, and then distribute the remaining power to electrolyzers a1, a2, …, a in order. k ; There are k electrolyzers operating at their rated power, and the remaining nk electrolyzers operating at the optimal power p0, the total hydrogen production power is equal to:

[0025]

[0026] If e∈PB, each sub-electrolyzer operates at rated power, and the total hydrogen production power is equal to:

[0027]

[0028] In a second aspect, the present invention provides a renewable energy hydrogen production power control system, comprising:

[0029] Select module to obtain optimized power P el * , according to the optimized power P el * The difference e from the power P0 corresponding to the optimal efficiency selects the corresponding controller;

[0030] The execution module is used to control the selected controller to optimize the power P through the actuator. el * Allocate to each sub-electrolyzer, and then compare the total power P of each sub-electrolyzer el With optimized power P el * Are they consistent? If not, each sub-electrolyzer is controlled to be at the optimal power p0 through negative feedback.

[0031] In a third aspect, the present invention provides a method for improving the efficiency of hydrogen production from renewable energy, comprising the following steps:

[0032] Obtain data on electricity prices, hydrogen prices and amount of power wasted in each period;

[0033] Based on the acquired electricity price, hydrogen price, abandoned power data of each time period and the preset initial value of hydrogen production power, the electrolyzer hydrogen production is allocated by adopting the electrolyzer renewable energy hydrogen production power control method;

[0034] Taking the minimum total cost of the renewable energy hydrogen production power control system as the objective function, the cost of hydrogen production by electrolyzer is allocated according to the electrolyzer renewable energy hydrogen production power control method, and the constraints are comprehensively considered to iteratively solve the optimal hydrogen production power P el * .

[0035] A further improvement of the present invention is that the objective function is:

[0036] min{F1+F2+F3-r}

[0037] Among them, r is the social discounted value; F1 is the total cost of the hydrogen production system; the total cost of the hydrogen production system F1 is divided into investment cost f1 and operation and maintenance cost f2:

[0038] F1=f1+f2

[0039] The investment cost is:

[0040] f1=(C el ×P el +C tan ×E tan )×f sc

[0041] Among them, C el is the unit electrolyzer power cost; C tan is the unit hydrogen storage tank capacity cost; P el is the rated power of the electrolyzer, E tan is the rated capacity of the electrolytic cell; f sc The investment cost of the energy storage system converted according to the operating cycle;

[0042] The operation and maintenance costs include the operation and maintenance costs of the electrolyzer and the storage and transportation costs of the produced hydrogen, which are calculated as follows:

[0043]

[0044] Among them, V el is the operation and maintenance cost of the electrolyzer system, V h is the storage and transportation cost of the produced hydrogen; is the mass of hydrogen produced;

[0045] The investment cost of the energy storage system calculated by the operating cycle sc :

[0046]

[0047] Among them, LP is the design service life of the energy storage system; N is the operation cycle of the hydrogen production system;

[0048] F2 is the penalty cost for power abandonment:

[0049]

[0050] Among them, C w P is the penalty cost for power abandonment; W Contribute to renewable energy theory; W ' Actual contribution of renewable energy;

[0051] F3 is the electricity purchase cost of the hydrogen production system considering renewable energy hydrogen production:

[0052]

[0053] Among them, E i Represents the amount of electricity purchased; e i Represents the electricity purchase price.

[0054] A further improvement of the present invention is that the constraint conditions include:

[0055] System spinning reserve constraints:

[0056]

[0057]

[0058] Among them, P imax , P imin Respectively represent the upper and lower limits of the output of the i-th thermal power unit, P i (t) is the output of the i-th thermal power unit at time t, in MW; P u , P d They are positive and negative spinning reserve capacity, in MW;

[0059] System power balance constraints:

[0060] P el (t) = P h (t)+P f (t)-P l (t)

[0061] Where P(t) is the energy storage charging and discharging power required to meet power balance at time t, in MW; P h (t) is the output power of conventional thermal power units at time t, in MW; P f (t) is the output power of the renewable energy unit at time t, in MW; P l (t) is the tie line power loss at time t, in MW;

[0062] Output constraints of thermal power units:

[0063] P hmin ≤P h <P hmax

[0064] P hmin , P hmax They are the upper and lower limits of the output of thermal power units;

[0065] Output constraints of renewable energy units:

[0066] 0≤P w ' <P wmax

[0067] P wmax The renewable energy output cap is calculated based on the installed capacity of renewable energy;

[0068] Hydrogen production unit constraints:

[0069] 0≤P el ' <P el

[0070] E min ≤E el <E tan

[0071] Among them, P el ' represents the hydrogen production power of the electrolyzer; E min Represents the minimum capacity limit of the hydrogen storage unit.

[0072] The present invention is further improved in that: the total cost of the renewable energy hydrogen production power control system is minimized as the objective function, and the cost of hydrogen production by the electrolyzer is allocated according to the electrolyzer renewable energy hydrogen production power control method. The constraint conditions are comprehensively considered and iteratively solved to obtain the optimal hydrogen production power P el * The steps specifically include:

[0073] Solve the total cost of a typical day based on the hydrogen production power and record the minimum value of the total cost; use the artificial bee colony algorithm to change the hydrogen production power, re-solve the total cost of a typical day, repeat the iterative optimization process until the optimization process ends; obtain the optimal hydrogen production power P el* .

[0074] A further improvement of the present invention is that the step of allocating electrolytic cell hydrogen production using a renewable energy hydrogen production power control method according to the acquired electricity price, hydrogen price, abandoned power data and hydrogen production power initial value for each time period comprises the following steps:

[0075] Get the optimized power P el * , according to the optimized power P el * The difference e from the power P0 corresponding to the optimal efficiency selects the corresponding controller;

[0076] The selected controller optimizes the power P through the actuator. el * Allocate to each sub-electrolyzer, and then compare the total power P of each sub-electrolyzer el With optimized power P el * Whether they are consistent, each sub-electrolyzer is controlled to be at the optimal power p0 through negative feedback.

[0077] In a fourth aspect, the present invention provides a system for improving the efficiency of hydrogen production from renewable energy, comprising:

[0078] The acquisition module is used to obtain the electricity price, hydrogen price and abandoned power data for each period;

[0079] The segmented fuzzy control module is used to allocate hydrogen production in electrolyzers using a renewable energy hydrogen production power control method based on the acquired electricity price, hydrogen price, abandoned electricity data for each period and the preset initial value of hydrogen production power;

[0080] The solution module is used to minimize the total cost of the renewable energy hydrogen production power control system as the objective function, allocate the cost of electrolyzer hydrogen production according to the electrolyzer renewable energy hydrogen production power control method, comprehensively consider the constraints, and iteratively solve to obtain the optimal hydrogen production power P el * .

[0081] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0082] The present invention selects the switch by segmented fuzzy control according to the optimized power P el * The difference e between the power P0 corresponding to the optimal efficiency selects the corresponding controller (each controller adopts different control rules). After that, due to the optimization of the power P in a certain iteration process, el *remains unchanged, so the segmented fuzzy control selection switch maintains the original selection until the next iteration; the controller distributes the hydrogen production power to each sub-electrolyzer ai (i = 1, 2, ..., n) through the actuator, and then compares the total hydrogen production power of the electrolyzer with the optimal power P el * Whether they are consistent, and the steady-state error is reduced through negative feedback control, thereby realizing automatic adjustment of the hydrogen production power of the electrolyzer.

[0083] Compared with the simple start-stop scheme, the segmented fuzzy control electrolyzer renewable energy hydrogen production power control method of the present invention has better economic efficiency, effectively increases hydrogen production income, and reduces the cost of the hydrogen production system. At the same time, the unit hydrogen production power consumption is reduced from 63.77kWh / kg to 60.71kWh / kg. Since the unit hydrogen production power consumption can indirectly reflect the hydrogen production efficiency, the proposed segmented fuzzy control strategy can effectively improve the hydrogen production efficiency.

[0084] Since the domain range of the input and output quantities in each controller is designed in a corresponding manner to the range of the hydrogen production power, when the hydrogen production power changes, its fuzzy results will be completely mapped to the corresponding fuzzy segmented interval, which has the advantages of fast response speed and high control accuracy. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0085] The accompanying drawings constituting a part of the present invention are used to provide a further understanding of the present invention. The exemplary embodiments of the present invention and their descriptions are used to explain the present invention and do not constitute an improper limitation of the present invention. In the accompanying drawings:

[0086] Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the power-efficiency relationship of the electrolyzer;

[0087] Figure 2 It is the block diagram of the piecewise fuzzy controller;

[0088] Figure 3 It is the control strategy block diagram of segmented fuzzy control;

[0089] Figure 4 Schematic diagram of the relationship between each scheme and hydrogen production;

[0090] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a system for improving the efficiency of hydrogen production from renewable energy;

[0091] Figure 6 is a schematic diagram of spinning reserve capacity;

[0092] Figure 7 A flow chart of a method for improving the efficiency of hydrogen production from renewable energy taking into account the efficiency of hydrogen production;

[0093] Figure 8 To optimize the effect diagram. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0094] The present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and in combination with embodiments. It should be noted that the embodiments and features in the embodiments of the present invention can be combined with each other without conflict.

[0095] The following detailed description is an exemplary description, which is intended to provide further detailed description of the present invention. Unless otherwise specified, all technical terms used in the present invention have the same meaning as those generally understood by those skilled in the art to which the present invention belongs. The terms used in the present invention are only for describing specific embodiments, and are not intended to limit the exemplary embodiments according to the present invention.

[0096] Example 1

[0097] This embodiment provides a renewable energy hydrogen production power control method based on segmented fuzzy control, comprising the following steps:

[0098] S1: The power-efficiency relationship diagram of hydrogen production is obtained based on the mechanism modeling of the SOE electrolyzer;

[0099] S2: Get the optimized power P el * , according to the optimized power P el * The difference e from the power P0 corresponding to the optimal efficiency selects the corresponding controller;

[0100] S3: The selected controller optimizes the power P through the actuator. el * Allocate to each sub-electrolyzer, and then compare the total power P of each sub-electrolyzer el With optimized power P el * Are they consistent? If not, each sub-electrolyzer is controlled to be at the optimal power p0 through negative feedback.

[0101] See also Figure 1 As shown in the figure, after the mechanism modeling, it can be concluded that the efficiency of the electrolyzer increases rapidly with the increase of input power, with a peak value of about 58%, and then gradually decreases to 45%. The optimal efficiency point is U = (P, η) = (30MW, 58%). Before point P, the power of hydrogen production is small and the purity of hydrogen is low; after point P, as the input power approaches the rated power, the marginal cost of hydrogen production increases synchronously, resulting in poor economic efficiency. Therefore, the optimal hydrogen production power should be in the right half of the maximum efficiency point, following the dynamic changes of the abandoned power. At the same time, it can also be obtained that as the hydrogen production temperature decreases, the efficiency of electrolysis will further decrease. Therefore, when the electrolyzer is in intermittent operation for a long time, it will cause it to operate in an operating environment below the rated temperature, which will further reduce the efficiency of electrolysis.

[0102] See also Figure 2 As shown in the figure, the design idea of ​​the segmented fuzzy controller is to segment the size of the hydrogen production power and optimize the power P el * The difference with the power P0 corresponding to the optimal efficiency, e = P el * -P0 is used as the input of the piecewise fuzzy controller, and the domain is According to the power-efficiency relationship diagram, it is divided into X levels;

[0103] The control flow is as follows:

[0104] The fuzzy control selects the switch according to the optimized power P el * The difference e between the power P0 corresponding to the optimal efficiency selects the corresponding controller (each controller adopts different control rules). After that, due to the optimization of the power P in a certain iteration process, el * remains unchanged, so the segmented fuzzy control selection switch maintains the original selection until the next iteration; the controller distributes the hydrogen production power to each sub-electrolyzer ai (i = 1, 2, ..., n) through the actuator, and then compares the total hydrogen production power of the electrolyzer with the optimal power P el * Whether they are consistent, and the steady-state error is reduced through negative feedback control, thereby achieving automatic adjustment of the hydrogen production power of the electrolyzer;

[0105] Since the domain range of the input and output quantities in each controller is designed in a corresponding manner to the range of the hydrogen production power, when the hydrogen production power changes, its fuzzy results will be completely mapped to the corresponding fuzzy segmented interval, which has the advantages of fast response speed and high control accuracy.

[0106] Let X = 5 for discussion below, which are NB (negative large), NS (negative small), Z (zero), PS (positive small), PB (positive large), and the structure diagram is as follows: Figure 2 As shown, it should be noted that the value of X can be dynamically adjusted with the hydrogen production efficiency-power relationship and is not limited to 5. The control strategy of each controller can be expressed by the following formula:

[0107]

[0108] Where P el represents the sum of the hydrogen production powers of the small electrolyzers, (MW); p0 represents the optimal hydrogen production power of each small electrolyzer, (MW); p rate_i represents the rated hydrogen production power of each small electrolyzer (MW); l represents the number of electrolyzers reaching the rated power, which is obtained by iteration.

[0109] The number of electrolytic cells opened can be expressed by the following formula:

[0110]

[0111] The control strategy diagram is as follows: Figure 3 As shown:

[0112] a) If e∈NB

[0113] Each sub-electrolyzer is in intermittent operation, and the total hydrogen production power is equal to:

[0114] P el =0,(i=1,2,…,n)

[0115] b) If e∈NS

[0116] Make the electrolytic cells a1, a2, ..., a in sequence k (j=1,2…k) reach their respective optimal efficiency corresponding power p0, the power of K electrolyzers is equal to the optimal power p0, and the remaining nk electrolyzers are in intermittent operation. The total hydrogen production power is equal to:

[0117] P el =k×p0

[0118] c) If e∈Z

[0119] The power of each sub-electrolyzer is equal to the power corresponding to the optimal efficiency p0, and the total hydrogen production power is equal to:

[0120] P el =n×p0

[0121] d) If e∈PS

[0122] First, P0 is divided from the total power and evenly distributed to each electrolyzer, so that all electrolyzers can reach the optimal efficiency corresponding power p0, and then the remaining power is distributed to electrolyzers a1, a2, ..., a in sequence. k ; There are k electrolyzers operating at their rated power, and the remaining nk electrolyzers operating at the optimal power p0, the total hydrogen production power is equal to:

[0123]

[0124] e) If e∈PB

[0125] Each sub-electrolyzer operates at rated power, and the total hydrogen production power is equal to:

[0126]

[0127] For the hydrogen production power changing from 0MW to 100MW, the hydrogen production of the two schemes of segmented fuzzy control and simple start-stop is as follows: Figure 4 shown.

[0128] Depend on Figure 4 It can be seen that after using the segmented fuzzy control method to optimize the hydrogen production efficiency, in the hydrogen production power range of 0-100MW, the hydrogen production obtained by the segmented fuzzy control method is greater than that of simple start and stop. Therefore, the modular control of the electrolyzer using this method has a better overall effect.

[0129] Example 2

[0130] This embodiment provides a renewable energy hydrogen production power control system, including:

[0131] Select module to obtain optimized power P el * , according to the optimized power P el * The difference e from the power P0 corresponding to the optimal efficiency selects the corresponding controller;

[0132] The execution module is used to control the selected controller to optimize the power P through the actuator. el * Allocate to each sub-electrolyzer, and then compare the total power P of each sub-electrolyzer el With optimized power P el * Are they consistent? If not, each sub-electrolyzer is controlled to be at the optimal power p0 through negative feedback.

[0133] The controllers include five in total, which are denoted as: NB, NS, Z, PS, and PB. The control strategy of each controller is represented by the following formula:

[0134]

[0135] The number of electrolytic cells opened is expressed by the following formula:

[0136]

[0137] Where P el represents the total power of the sub-electrolyzer, in MW; p0 represents the optimal hydrogen production power of each sub-electrolyzer, in MW; p rate_i represents the rated hydrogen production power of each sub-electrolyzer, in MW; l represents the number of electrolyzers that reach the rated power, obtained by iteration; n is the total number of sub-electrolyzers.

[0138] Select module to get optimized power P el * , according to the optimized power P el * The difference e between the power P0 and the optimal efficiency selects the corresponding controller, including:

[0139] If e∈NB, each sub-electrolyzer is in intermittent operation, and the total hydrogen production power is equal to:

[0140] P el =0, i=1,2,…n

[0141] If e∈NS, make the electrolytic cells a1, a2, …, a k , j = 1, 2…k; to achieve the optimal efficiency corresponding to the power p0, there are K electrolyzers with a power equal to the optimal power p0, and the remaining nk electrolyzers are in intermittent operation, the total hydrogen production power is equal to:

[0142] P el =k×p0

[0143] If e∈Z, the power of each sub-electrolyzer is equal to the power corresponding to the optimal efficiency p0, and the total hydrogen production power is equal to:

[0144] P el =n×p0

[0145] If e∈PS, first divide P0 from the total power and distribute it evenly to each electrolyzer so that all electrolyzers can reach the optimal efficiency corresponding to power p0, and then distribute the remaining power to electrolyzers a1, a2, …, a in order. k ; There are k electrolyzers operating at their rated power, and the remaining nk electrolyzers operating at the optimal power p0, the total hydrogen production power is equal to:

[0146]

[0147] If e∈PB, each sub-electrolyzer operates at rated power, and the total hydrogen production power is equal to:

[0148]

[0149] Example 3

[0150] This embodiment provides a method for improving the efficiency of hydrogen production from renewable energy, comprising the following steps:

[0151] Obtain data on electricity prices, hydrogen prices and amount of power wasted in each period;

[0152] Set the initial value of hydrogen production power;

[0153] Allocating hydrogen production by electrolyzers according to a power control method for hydrogen production by renewable energy from electrolyzers;

[0154] Taking the minimum total cost of the renewable energy hydrogen production power control system as the objective function, the cost of hydrogen production by electrolyzer is allocated according to the electrolyzer renewable energy hydrogen production power control method, and the constraints are comprehensively considered to iteratively solve the optimal hydrogen production power Pel * .

[0155] In Example 3, the renewable energy source may be wind power. Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a renewable energy-hydrogen combined system, which consists of thermal power units, wind farms, power grids, large-scale hydrogen production equipment, interconnecting lines and hydrogen refueling stations.

[0156] Electric energy is transmitted to the power grid by thermal power units and wind farms. When the wind farm has excess output and there is wind abandonment, the large-scale hydrogen production device can be used as a controllable load to absorb the remaining wind power output. The generated hydrogen has a high purity and can be sold directly. The wind farm is combined with the hydrogen production system to form a wind-hydrogen combined system. In order to avoid the intermittent operation of the electrolyzer, which leads to a decrease in hydrogen purity and a reduction in its life, hydrogen can also be produced by purchasing electricity from the power grid when there is no wind abandonment. At present, the cost of the hydrogen production system is still relatively high, and reasonable configuration is required in the process of investment planning. After considering the hydrogen production efficiency of the electrolyzer, the present invention analyzes the optimal working range of the electrolyzer, combines the power grid-assisted power purchase strategy, takes into account the safety and stability constraints of the power grid, and considers the uncertainty of wind power output and electricity prices. The total investment cost of the hydrogen production system is minimized as the optimization goal, and an optimization model of the wind-hydrogen combined system is established.

[0157] 1. Objective Function

[0158] Considering the impact of the addition of the hydrogen production system on the total cost, although wind turbines, thermal power units, fuel costs, and electricity sales revenue are part of the total cost, they have no impact on the cost after the addition of the hydrogen production system, so they are not included in the objective function for consideration.

[0159] The optimization goal is to minimize the total cost of the system after the hydrogen production system is added within 24 hours:

[0160] min{F1+F2+F3-r}

[0161] 1.1) Cost of hydrogen production system

[0162] The hydrogen production system consists of two parts, namely the electrolyzer system and the hydrogen storage system. The total cost of the hydrogen production system (F1) is divided into investment cost (f1) and operation and maintenance cost (f2):

[0163] F1=f1+f2

[0164] The investment cost can be calculated as follows:

[0165] f1=(C el ×P el +C tan ×E tan )×fsc

[0166] Among them, C el is the unit electrolyzer power cost; C tan is the unit hydrogen storage tank capacity cost; P el is the rated power of the electrolyzer, E tan is the rated capacity of the electrolytic cell. sc The investment cost of the energy storage system converted according to the operating cycle;

[0167] The operation and maintenance costs include the operation and maintenance costs of the electrolyzer and the storage and transportation costs of the produced hydrogen, which can be calculated by the following formula:

[0168]

[0169] Among them, V el is the operation and maintenance cost of the electrolyzer system, V h is the storage and transportation cost of the produced hydrogen; is the mass of hydrogen produced.

[0170] Calculate the investment cost of the energy storage system according to the operation cycle:

[0171]

[0172] in, r is the social discounted value; LP is the design service life of the energy storage system; N is the operating cycle of the hydrogen production system.

[0173] 1.2) Penalty cost for wind curtailment

[0174]

[0175] Among them, C w Penalty cost for wind curtailment; P W Contribute to wind power theory; W ′ is the actual wind power output.

[0176] 1.3) Considering the electricity purchase cost of the hydrogen production system using wind power

[0177] When new energy is developed, it is difficult for the power grid to absorb this part of wind energy. Therefore, it can be converted into hydrogen through electrolysis for absorption. Since this part of wind energy is difficult to be absorbed by the power grid, it can be purchased at a lower price. The specific calculation method is:

[0178]

[0179] Among them, E i Represents the amount of electricity purchased; e i represents the electricity purchase price;

[0180] 2 Constraints

[0181] 2.1) System spinning reserve constraints

[0182] The spinning reserve capacity is the reserve capacity set to cope with the forecast errors caused by the uncertainty of load and wind power and the possible unit outage. The calculation method is as follows:

[0183]

[0184]

[0185] Among them, P imax , P imin Respectively represent the upper and lower limits of the output of the i-th thermal power unit, P i (t) is the output of the i-th thermal power unit at time t; (MW); P u , P d are the positive and negative spinning reserve capacities, (MW), respectively. Figure 6 shown.

[0186] 2.2) System power balance constraints

[0187] After using the hydrogen production system, the system load should be balanced with the output of each unit. The energy storage power balance condition that needs to be met is as follows:

[0188] P el (t) = P h (t)+P f (t)-P l (t)

[0189] Where P(t) is the energy storage charging and discharging power required to meet power balance at time t, (MW); P h (t) is the output power of conventional thermal power units at time t, (MW); P f (t) is the wind turbine output power at time t, (MW); P l (t) is the interconnection line power loss at time t, (MW).

[0190] 2.3) Output constraints of thermal power units

[0191] P hmin ≤P h <P hmax

[0192] P hmin , P hmax They are the upper and lower limits of the output of thermal power units;

[0193] 2.4) Wind turbine output constraints

[0194] 0≤Pw ' <P wmax

[0195] P wmax The upper limit of wind power output is calculated based on wind power installed capacity;

[0196] 2.5) Constraints on hydrogen production unit

[0197] 0≤P el ' <P el

[0198] E min ≤E el <E tan

[0199] Among them, P el ' represents the hydrogen production power of the electrolyzer; E min Represents the minimum capacity limit of the hydrogen storage unit.

[0200] 3. Optimization control method to improve wind power hydrogen production efficiency

[0201] 3.1) Obtain the data of electricity price, hydrogen price and wind abandonment in each period, and set the initial value of hydrogen production power;

[0202] 3.2) Improve the hydrogen production efficiency of the electrolyzer according to the proposed segmented fuzzy control method;

[0203] 3.3) Taking the minimum total cost of the wind-hydrogen production system as the objective function and comprehensively considering the constraints of hydrogen production, an optimal scheduling model of the wind power-hydrogen production system taking into account the hydrogen production efficiency is established;

[0204] 3.4) Using artificial bee colony algorithm to solve the model;

[0205] 3.5) Output optimal hydrogen production power P el * .

[0206] The optimization control model was established by solving the simple start-stop scheme and the segmented fuzzy control scheme. The hydrogen production power was optimized by the artificial bee colony algorithm. The optimization effect diagram is shown in the figure. Figure 8 shown.

[0207] When hydrogen is produced according to a simple start-stop scheme, the electrolyzer reaches the rated power during 23:00-6:00 and 11:00-1:00, and is intermittent at other times, with the utilization rate of the electrolyzer accounting for 11 / 24 of the whole day. However, when there is no abandoned wind power, the low efficiency of hydrogen production will indirectly lead to an increase in hydrogen production costs, making it difficult to obtain benefits from purchasing electricity from the grid.

[0208] When hydrogen is produced according to the segmented fuzzy control scheme, the influence of time-of-use electricity prices on the optimization results of electrolyzer hydrogen production power is fully considered. During 7:00-10:00 and 17:00-22:00, the electricity price is in the peak period, and the economic efficiency of purchasing electricity from the power grid for hydrogen production is poor. At this time, the segmented fuzzy controller is used to make the hydrogen production power of the electrolyzer in the PS segment, and the optimal hydrogen production power is 16MW after optimization. During 23:00-6:00, the electricity price is in the valley period, and the purchase of electricity from the power grid for hydrogen production has a higher economic efficiency. At this time, all electrolyzers are running at rated power, and the hydrogen production power is equal to the sum of the rated powers of all electrolyzers. When the abandoned wind power is higher than the rated power, hydrogen is produced at the rated power; when the abandoned wind power is lower than the rated power, electricity is purchased from the power grid to reach the rated power. During 11:00-16:00, the electricity price is in the normal period, and the electricity price has little effect on the economic efficiency of hydrogen production. The hydrogen production power of the electrolyzer obtained after optimization is about 70MW. At 12:00, due to the superposition of abandoned wind power, the hydrogen production power of the electrolyzer reached the rated power.

[0209] Table 1 Comparison of daily operating costs of two schemes

[0210]

[0211]

[0212] As can be seen from Table 1, the daily operating cost and wind power hydrogen production efficiency of the simple start-stop scheme are relatively low, and further improvement is needed; the segmented fuzzy control scheme has better economic performance, with a daily operating cost of 7.4667 million yuan, which effectively increases hydrogen production income and reduces the cost of the hydrogen production system. At the same time, the unit hydrogen production power consumption is reduced from 63.77kWh / kg to 60.71kWh / kg. Since the unit hydrogen production power consumption can indirectly reflect the hydrogen production efficiency, the proposed segmented fuzzy control strategy can effectively improve the hydrogen production efficiency.

[0213] From the mechanism modeling, we can get Figure 8 It can be concluded that the efficiency of the simple start-stop method is maintained at 24.11%, and the efficiency may be further reduced due to the temperature below the rated temperature caused by intermittent operation. The segmented fuzzy control method makes full use of the optimal efficiency point of the electrolyzer, which significantly improves the hydrogen production efficiency.

[0214] Example 4

[0215] This embodiment provides a renewable energy-hydrogen production efficiency improvement system, comprising:

[0216] The acquisition module is used to obtain the electricity price, hydrogen price and abandoned power data for each period;

[0217] The segmented fuzzy control module is used to allocate hydrogen production in electrolyzers using a renewable energy hydrogen production power control method based on the acquired electricity price, hydrogen price, abandoned electricity data for each period and the preset initial value of hydrogen production power;

[0218] The solution module is used to minimize the total cost of the renewable energy hydrogen production power control system as the objective function, allocate the cost of electrolyzer hydrogen production according to the electrolyzer renewable energy hydrogen production power control method, comprehensively consider the constraints, and iteratively solve to obtain the optimal hydrogen production power P el * .

[0219] The objective function is:

[0220] min{F1+F2+F3-r}

[0221] Among them, r is the social discounted value; F1 is the total cost of the hydrogen production system; the total cost of the hydrogen production system F1 is divided into investment cost f1 and operation and maintenance cost f2:

[0222] F1=f1+f2

[0223] The investment cost is:

[0224] f1=(C el ×P el +C tan ×E tan )×f sc

[0225] Among them, C el is the unit electrolyzer power cost; C tan is the unit hydrogen storage tank capacity cost; P el is the rated power of the electrolyzer, E tan is the rated capacity of the electrolytic cell; f sc The investment cost of the energy storage system converted according to the operating cycle;

[0226] The operation and maintenance costs include the operation and maintenance costs of the electrolyzer and the storage and transportation costs of the produced hydrogen, which are calculated as follows:

[0227]

[0228] Among them, V el is the operation and maintenance cost of the electrolyzer system, V h is the storage and transportation cost of the produced hydrogen; is the mass of hydrogen produced;

[0229] The investment cost of the energy storage system calculated by the operating cycle sc :

[0230]

[0231] Among them, LP is the design service life of the energy storage system; N is the operation cycle of the hydrogen production system;

[0232] F2 is the penalty cost for power abandonment:

[0233]

[0234] Among them, C w P is the penalty cost for power abandonment; W Contribute to renewable energy theory; W ' Actual contribution of renewable energy;

[0235] F3 is the electricity purchase cost for hydrogen production considering renewable energy:

[0236]

[0237] Among them, E i Represents the amount of electricity purchased; e i Represents the electricity purchase price.

[0238] The constraints include:

[0239] System spinning reserve constraints:

[0240]

[0241]

[0242] Among them, P imax , P imin Respectively represent the upper and lower limits of the output of the i-th thermal power unit, P i (t) is the output of the i-th thermal power unit at time t, in MW; P u , P d They are positive and negative spinning reserve capacity, in MW;

[0243] System power balance constraints:

[0244] P el (t) = P h (t)+P f (t)-P l (t)

[0245] Where P(t) is the energy storage charging and discharging power required to meet power balance at time t, in MW; P h (t) is the output power of conventional thermal power units at time t, in MW; P f (t) is the output power of the renewable energy unit at time t, in MW; P l (t) is the tie line power loss at time t, in MW;

[0246] Output constraints of thermal power units:

[0247] P hmin ≤P h <P hmax

[0248] P hmin , P hmax They are the upper and lower limits of the output of thermal power units;

[0249] Output constraints of renewable energy units:

[0250] 0≤P w ' <P wmax

[0251] P wmax The renewable energy output cap is calculated based on the installed capacity of renewable energy;

[0252] Hydrogen production unit constraints:

[0253] 0≤P el ' <P el

[0254] E min ≤E el <E tan

[0255] Among them, P el ' represents the hydrogen production power of the electrolyzer; E min Represents the minimum capacity limit of the hydrogen storage unit.

[0256] The objective function is to minimize the total cost of the renewable energy hydrogen production power control system, allocate the cost of hydrogen production by the electrolyzer according to the electrolyzer renewable energy hydrogen production power control method, and comprehensively consider the constraints to iteratively solve the optimal hydrogen production power P. el * The steps specifically include:

[0257] Solve the total cost of a typical day based on the hydrogen production power and record the minimum value of the total cost; use the artificial bee colony algorithm to change the hydrogen production power, re-solve the total cost of a typical day, repeat the iterative optimization process until the optimization process ends; obtain the optimal hydrogen production power P el * .

[0258] According to the acquired electricity price, hydrogen price, abandoned power data of each time period and the initial value of hydrogen production power, the steps of allocating hydrogen production by electrolyzer using the renewable energy hydrogen production power control method include the following steps:

[0259] Get the optimized power P el *, according to the optimized power P el * The difference e from the power P0 corresponding to the optimal efficiency selects the corresponding controller;

[0260] The selected controller optimizes the power P through the actuator. el * Allocate to each sub-electrolyzer, and then compare the total power P of each sub-electrolyzer el With optimized power P el * Are they consistent? If not, each sub-electrolyzer is controlled to be at the optimal power p0 through negative feedback.

[0261] Example 5

[0262] If the modules of the renewable energy hydrogen production power control system described in Example 2 or the renewable energy hydrogen production efficiency improvement system described in Example 4 are implemented in the form of software functional units and sold or used as independent products, they can be stored in a computer-readable storage medium.

[0263] Based on such understanding, the present invention implements all or part of the processes in the above-mentioned embodiment method, and can also be completed by instructing related hardware through a computer program. The computer program can be stored in a computer-readable storage medium, and when the computer program is executed by a processor, the steps of each of the above-mentioned method embodiments can be implemented. Among them, the computer program includes computer program code, and the computer program code can be in source code form, object code form, executable file or some intermediate form. The computer-readable medium may include: any entity or device, recording medium, U disk, mobile hard disk, disk, optical disk, computer memory and read-only memory (ROM, Read-Only Memory) that can carry the computer program code.

[0264] Those skilled in the art will appreciate that embodiments of the present invention may be provided as methods, systems, or computer program products. Therefore, the present invention may take the form of a complete hardware embodiment, a complete software embodiment, or an embodiment combining software and hardware. Moreover, the present invention may take the form of a computer program product implemented on one or more computer-usable storage media (including but not limited to disk storage, CD-ROM, optical storage, etc.) containing computer-usable program code.

[0265] The present invention is described with reference to flowcharts and / or block diagrams of methods, devices (systems), and computer program products according to embodiments of the present invention. It should be understood that each process and / or block in the flowchart and / or block diagram, as well as the combination of processes and / or blocks in the flowchart and / or block diagram, can be implemented by computer program instructions. These computer program instructions can be provided to a processor of a general-purpose computer, a special-purpose computer, an embedded processor, or other programmable data processing device to produce a machine, so that the instructions executed by the processor of the computer or other programmable data processing device generate instructions for implementing the processes in the flowchart and / or block diagram. Figure 1 A process or multiple processes and / or boxes Figure 1 A device that provides the functions specified in a block or multiple blocks.

[0266] These computer program instructions may also be stored in a computer-readable memory capable of directing a computer or other programmable data processing device to operate in a specific manner, so that the instructions stored in the computer-readable memory produce an article of manufacture comprising an instruction device, which implements the process Figure 1 A process or multiple processes and / or boxes Figure 1 A function specified in one or more boxes.

[0267] These computer program instructions can also be loaded onto a computer or other programmable data processing device so that a series of operating steps are executed on the computer or other programmable device to produce a computer-implemented process, thereby providing instructions for implementing the process. Figure 1 A process or multiple processes and / or boxes Figure 1 The steps for the functions specified in one or more boxes.

[0268] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention rather than to limit it. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the above embodiments, ordinary technicians in the relevant field should understand that the specific implementation methods of the present invention can still be modified or replaced by equivalents. Any modification or equivalent replacement that does not depart from the spirit and scope of the present invention should be covered within the scope of protection of the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for controlling the power of hydrogen production from renewable energy, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: Get the optimized power P el * , according to the optimized power P el * The difference e between the power P0 corresponding to the optimal efficiency selects the corresponding controller; the selected controller optimizes the power P through the actuator. el * Allocate to each sub-electrolyzer and compare the total power P of each sub-electrolyzer el With optimized power P el * Are they consistent? If not, each sub-electrolyzer is controlled to be at the optimal power p0 through negative feedback; The controllers include five in total, which are denoted as: NB, NS, Z, PS, and PB. The control strategy of each controller is represented by the following formula: The number of electrolytic cells opened is expressed by the following formula: Where P el represents the total power of the sub-electrolyzer, in MW; p0 represents the optimal hydrogen production power of each sub-electrolyzer, in MW; p rate_i represents the rated hydrogen production power of each sub-electrolyzer, in MW; l represents the number of electrolyzers that reach the rated power, obtained by iteration; n is the total number of sub-electrolyzers; The optimized power P el * The steps of selecting a corresponding controller based on the difference e of the power P0 corresponding to the optimal efficiency specifically include: If e∈NB, each sub-electrolyzer is in intermittent operation, and the total hydrogen production power is equal to: P el ＝0 If e∈NS, make the electrolytic cells a1, a2, …, a k To achieve the power p0 corresponding to the optimal efficiency, the power of k electrolyzers is equal to the optimal power p0, and the remaining nk electrolyzers are in intermittent operation. The total hydrogen production power is equal to: P el =k×p0 If e∈Z, the power of each sub-electrolyzer is equal to the power corresponding to the optimal efficiency p0, and the total hydrogen production power is equal to: P el =n×p0 If e∈PS, first divide P0 from the total power and distribute it evenly to each electrolyzer so that all electrolyzers can reach the optimal efficiency corresponding to power p0, and then distribute the remaining power to electrolyzers a1, a2, …, a in order. k ; There are k electrolyzers operating at their rated power, and the remaining nk electrolyzers operating at the optimal power p0, the total hydrogen production power is equal to: If e∈PB, each sub-electrolyzer operates at rated power, and the total hydrogen production power is equal to:

2. Renewable energy hydrogen production power control system, characterized in that: include: Select module to obtain optimized power P el * , according to the optimized power P el * The difference e from the power P0 corresponding to the optimal efficiency selects the corresponding controller; The execution module is used to control the selected controller to optimize the power P through the actuator. el * Allocate to each sub-electrolyzer, and then compare the total power P of each sub-electrolyzer el With optimized power P el * Are they consistent? If not, each sub-electrolyzer is controlled to be at the optimal power p0 through negative feedback; The controllers include five in total, which are denoted as: NB, NS, Z, PS, and PB. The control strategy of each controller is represented by the following formula: The number of electrolytic cells opened is expressed by the following formula: Where P el represents the total power of the sub-electrolyzer, in MW; p0 represents the optimal hydrogen production power of each sub-electrolyzer, in MW; p rate_i represents the rated hydrogen production power of each sub-electrolyzer, in MW; l represents the number of electrolyzers that reach the rated power, obtained by iteration; n is the total number of sub-electrolyzers; Select module to get optimized power P el * , according to the optimized power P el * The difference e between the power P0 and the optimal efficiency selects the corresponding controller, including: If e∈NB, each sub-electrolyzer is in intermittent operation, and the total hydrogen production power is equal to: P el ＝0 If e∈NS, make the electrolytic cells a1, a2, …, a k To achieve the power p0 corresponding to the optimal efficiency, the power of k electrolyzers is equal to the optimal power p0, and the remaining nk electrolyzers are in intermittent operation. The total hydrogen production power is equal to: P el =k×p0 If e∈Z, the power of each sub-electrolyzer is equal to the power corresponding to the optimal efficiency p0, and the total hydrogen production power is equal to: P el =n×p0 If e∈PS, first divide P0 from the total power and distribute it evenly to each electrolyzer so that all electrolyzers can reach the optimal efficiency corresponding to power p0, and then distribute the remaining power to electrolyzers a1, a2, …, a in order. k ; There are k electrolyzers operating at their rated power, and the remaining nk electrolyzers operating at the optimal power p0, the total hydrogen production power is equal to: If e∈PB, each sub-electrolyzer operates at rated power, and the total hydrogen production power is equal to:

3. A method for improving the efficiency of hydrogen production from renewable energy, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: Obtain data on electricity prices, hydrogen prices and amount of power wasted in each period; Based on the acquired electricity price, hydrogen price, abandoned power data for each time period and the preset initial value of hydrogen production power, the renewable energy hydrogen production power control method according to claim 1 is used to allocate electrolytic cell hydrogen production; Taking the minimum total cost of the renewable energy hydrogen production power control system as the objective function, the cost of hydrogen production by electrolyzer is allocated according to the renewable energy hydrogen production power control method of electrolyzer, and the constraints are comprehensively considered to iteratively solve the optimal hydrogen production power P el * .

4. The method for improving the efficiency of hydrogen production from renewable energy according to claim 3, characterized in that: The objective function is: min{F1+F2+F3-r} Among them, r is the social discounted value; F1 is the total cost of the hydrogen production system; the total cost F1 of the hydrogen production system is divided into investment cost f1 and operation and maintenance cost f2: F1=f1+f2 The investment cost is: f1=(C el ×P el +C tan ×E tan )×f sc Among them, C el is the unit electrolyzer power cost; C tan is the unit hydrogen storage tank capacity cost; P el is the rated power of the electrolyzer, E tan is the rated capacity of the electrolytic cell; f sc The investment cost of the energy storage system converted according to the operating cycle; The operation and maintenance costs include the operation and maintenance costs of the electrolyzer and the storage and transportation costs of the produced hydrogen, which are calculated as follows: Among them, V el is the operation and maintenance cost of the electrolyzer system, V h is the storage and transportation cost of the produced hydrogen; is the mass of hydrogen produced; The investment cost of the energy storage system calculated by the operating cycle sc : Among them, LP is the design service life of the energy storage system; N is the operation cycle of the hydrogen production system; F2 is the penalty cost for power abandonment: Among them, C w P is the penalty cost for power abandonment; W Contribute to renewable energy theory; W ' Actual contribution of renewable energy; F3 is the electricity purchase cost for hydrogen production considering renewable energy: Among them, E i Represents the amount of electricity purchased; e i Represents the electricity purchase price.

5. The method for improving the efficiency of hydrogen production from renewable energy according to claim 4, characterized in that: The constraints include: System spinning reserve constraints: Among them, P imax , P imin Respectively represent the upper and lower limits of the output of the i-th thermal power unit, P i (t) is the output of the i-th thermal power unit at time t, in MW; P u , P d They are positive and negative spinning reserve capacity, in MW; System power balance constraints: P el (t)=P h (t)+P f (t)-P l (t) Where P el (t) is the energy storage charging and discharging power required to meet the power balance at time t, in MW; P h (t) is the output power of conventional thermal power units at time t, in MW; P f (t) is the output power of the renewable energy unit at time t, in MW; P l (t) is the tie line power loss at time t, in MW; Output constraints of thermal power units: P hmin ≤P h <P hmax P hmin , P hmax They are the upper and lower limits of the output of thermal power units; Output constraints of renewable energy units: 0≤P′ w <P wmax P wmax The renewable energy output cap is calculated based on the installed capacity of renewable energy; Hydrogen production unit constraints: 0≤P′ el <P el AND min ≤E el <E tan Among them, P el ' represents the hydrogen production power of the electrolyzer; E min Represents the minimum capacity limit of the hydrogen storage unit.

6. The method for improving the efficiency of hydrogen production from renewable energy according to claim 3, characterized in that: The objective function is to minimize the total cost of the renewable energy hydrogen production power control system, allocate the cost of hydrogen production by the electrolyzer according to the electrolyzer renewable energy hydrogen production power control method, and comprehensively consider the constraints to iteratively solve the optimal hydrogen production power P. el * The steps specifically include: Solve the total cost of a typical day based on the hydrogen production power and record the minimum value of the total cost; use the artificial bee colony algorithm to change the hydrogen production power, re-solve the total cost of a typical day, repeat the iterative optimization process until the optimization process ends; obtain the optimal hydrogen production power P el * .

7. A system for improving the efficiency of hydrogen production from renewable energy, characterized in that: include: The acquisition module is used to obtain the electricity price, hydrogen price and abandoned power data for each period; A segmented fuzzy control module is used to allocate hydrogen production by electrolyzers using the renewable energy hydrogen production power control method according to claim 1 based on the acquired electricity price, hydrogen price, abandoned power data for each time period and the preset initial value of hydrogen production power; The solution module is used to minimize the total cost of the renewable energy hydrogen production power control system as the objective function, allocate the cost of electrolyzer hydrogen production according to the electrolyzer renewable energy hydrogen production power control method, comprehensively consider the constraints, and iteratively solve to obtain the optimal hydrogen production power P el * .

8. The renewable energy hydrogen production efficiency improvement system according to claim 7 is characterized in that: The objective function is: min{F1+F2+F3-r} Among them, r is the social discounted value; F1 is the total cost of the hydrogen production system; the total cost F1 of the hydrogen production system is divided into investment cost f1 and operation and maintenance cost f2: F1=f1+f2 The investment cost is: f1=(C el ×P el +C tan ×E tan )×f sc Among them, C el is the unit electrolyzer power cost; C tan is the unit hydrogen storage tank capacity cost; P el is the rated power of the electrolyzer, E tan is the rated capacity of the electrolytic cell; f sc The investment cost of the energy storage system converted according to the operating cycle; The operation and maintenance costs include the operation and maintenance costs of the electrolyzer and the storage and transportation costs of the produced hydrogen, which are calculated as follows: Among them, V el is the operation and maintenance cost of the electrolyzer system, V h is the storage and transportation cost of the produced hydrogen; is the mass of hydrogen produced; The investment cost of the energy storage system calculated by the operating cycle sc : Among them, LP is the design service life of the energy storage system; N is the operation cycle of the hydrogen production system; F2 is the penalty cost for power abandonment: Among them, C w P is the penalty cost for power abandonment; w Contribute to renewable energy theory; W ' Actual contribution of renewable energy; F3 is the electricity purchase cost for hydrogen production considering renewable energy: Among them, E i Represents the amount of electricity purchased; e i Represents the electricity purchase price.

9. The renewable energy hydrogen production efficiency improvement system according to claim 8, characterized in that: The constraints include: System spinning reserve constraints: Among them, P imax , P imin Respectively represent the upper and lower limits of the output of the i-th thermal power unit, P i (t) is the output of the i-th thermal power unit at time t, in MW; P u , P d They are positive and negative spinning reserve capacity, in MW; System power balance constraints: P el (t)=P h (t)+P f (t)-P l (t) Where Pel(t) is the energy storage charging and discharging power required to meet power balance at time t, in MW; P h (t) is the output power of conventional thermal power units at time t, in MW; P f (r) is the output power of the renewable energy unit at time t, in MW; P l (t) is the tie line power loss at time t, in MW; Output constraints of thermal power units: P hmin ≤P h <P hmax P hmin , P hmax They are the upper and lower limits of the output of thermal power units; Output constraints of renewable energy units: 0≤P′ w <P wmax P wmax The renewable energy output cap is calculated based on the installed capacity of renewable energy; Hydrogen production unit constraints: 0≤P′ el <P el AND min ≤E el <E tan Among them, P el ' represents the hydrogen production power of the electrolyzer; E min Represents the minimum capacity limit of the hydrogen storage unit.

10. The renewable energy hydrogen production efficiency improvement system according to claim 7, characterized in that: The objective function is to minimize the total cost of the renewable energy hydrogen production power control system, allocate the cost of hydrogen production by the electrolyzer according to the electrolyzer renewable energy hydrogen production power control method, and comprehensively consider the constraints to iteratively solve the optimal hydrogen production power P. el * The steps specifically include: Solve the total cost of a typical day based on the hydrogen production power and record the minimum value of the total cost; use the artificial bee colony algorithm to change the hydrogen production power, re-solve the total cost of a typical day, repeat the iterative optimization process until the optimization process ends; obtain the optimal hydrogen production power P el * .

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