Knee joint anti-dislocation device

Abstract

The present invention relates to a knee joint anti-dislocation device, which comprises a prosthesis joint component, a femoral condyle bionic component and a flexible joint capsule; one end of the prosthesis joint component is joined to the femur of a child, the other end of the prosthesis joint component is hinged to the femoral condyle bionic component, the inner and outer sides of the femoral condyle bionic component are respectively provided with collateral ligament fixing holes, and the rear side of the femoral condyle bionic component is provided with a cruciate ligament fixing hole; one end of the flexible joint capsule is detachably connected to the femoral condyle bionic component, the other end of the flexible joint capsule is clamped to the tibial condyle of the child, and the inner and outer sides of the flexible joint capsule are respectively provided with collateral ligament passing holes. Compared with the prior art, the flexible joint capsule in the device can clamp the femoral condyle bionic component and the tibial condyle together, thereby improving the stability of the knee joint and reducing the dislocation of the knee joint, and the hinged connection between the prosthesis joint component and the femoral condyle bionic component can not only solve the problem of joint wear, but also enable the knee joint to maintain good movement function.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of prosthetic devices, and in particular to a knee joint anti-dislocation device. Background Art

[0002] In order to solve the problems of large bone defects and unequal length of lower limbs in limb-sparing treatment of malignant bone tumors in the lower part of the femur in children, the commonly used method is to implant a semi-knee prosthesis at the truncation site of the child's femur to replace the missing femoral part.

[0003] Patent CN200820028600.9 discloses a customized hemi-knee prosthesis with an upper component and a lower component that can rotate relative to each other. When the child's knee joint is slightly flexed, the flexion movement of the knee joint is replaced by the relative rotation between the upper component and the lower component; and when the child's knee joint is deeply flexed, the flexion movement of the knee joint is replaced by the sliding of the prosthesis relative to the tibial plateau. In this way, not only can the problem of severe wear and damage of the contralateral articular cartilage be effectively solved, but the child's knee joint can also maintain good motor function.

[0004] Although this hemi-knee prosthesis has the above advantages, it has problems with poor knee joint stability and repeated dislocation in clinical applications. Repeated knee dislocation can bring the following adverse effects:

[0005] 1. The pain and psychological fear caused by repeated dislocation of the hemi-knee prosthesis make children refuse further rehabilitation training, resulting in poor knee joint function; 2. Repeated dislocation of the hemi-knee prosthesis can easily cause loosening of the artificial ligament, thereby further weakening the stability of the knee prosthesis; 3. During the repeated dislocation of the hemi-knee prosthesis, the artificial ligament can easily cut the bone at the ligament attachment site, thereby causing iatrogenic injury.

[0006] Therefore, there is an urgent need for a knee joint anti-dislocation device to solve the problem of easy dislocation of existing half-knee joint prostheses. Summary of the Invention

[0007] In view of this, it is necessary to provide a knee joint anti-dislocation device to solve the problem of easy dislocation of existing half-knee joint prostheses.

[0008] To achieve the above-mentioned object, the present invention provides a knee joint anti-dislocation device, comprising a prosthetic joint component, a femoral condyle bionic component, and a flexible joint capsule;

[0009] One end of the prosthetic joint component is joined to the femur of the child, and the other end of the prosthetic joint component is hinged to the femoral condyle bionic component. Collateral ligament fixing holes are respectively opened on the inner and outer sides of the femoral condyle bionic component, and a cruciate ligament fixing hole is opened on the rear side of the femoral condyle bionic component.

[0010] One end of the flexible joint capsule is detachably connected to the femoral condyle bionic component, and the other end of the flexible joint capsule is snap-fitted to the tibial condyle of the child. A pair of collateral ligament through holes are respectively provided on the inner and outer sides of the flexible joint capsule.

[0011] Furthermore, the prosthetic joint component includes an intramedullary nail and a femoral bionic component, one end of the femoral bionic component is fixedly connected to the intramedullary nail, the femoral bionic component is joined to the femur of the child through the intramedullary nail, and the other end of the prosthetic joint component is hinged to the femoral condyle bionic component.

[0012] Furthermore, the intramedullary nail and the femoral bionic component form an outward tilt angle of 6.4°.

[0013] Furthermore, the knee joint anti-dislocation device further comprises a connecting shaft, one end of the prosthetic joint component is formed with a hinge portion, the femoral condyle bionic component is provided with a mounting cavity, and the hinge portion is located in the mounting cavity;

[0014] A through hole is provided in the hinge portion located in the installation cavity, the middle portion of the connecting shaft is rotatably connected to the through hole, and both ends of the connecting shaft are detachably connected to the inner and outer side walls of the installation cavity respectively.

[0015] Furthermore, a first limiting surface is formed in the horizontal direction on the front side of the hinge part, and a second limiting surface is formed on the front side wall of the mounting cavity. When the prosthetic joint component is rotated to a set position relative to the femoral condyle bionic component, the first limiting surface and the second limiting surface constitute a limit.

[0016] Furthermore, a third limiting surface is formed on the bottom of the hinge portion. When the first limiting surface and the second limiting surface form a limit, the third limiting surface and the bottom surface of the installation cavity form a limit.

[0017] Furthermore, when the third limiting surface and the bottom surface of the mounting cavity form a limit, the femoral bionic component and the femoral platform plane of the femoral condyle bionic component are perpendicular to each other.

[0018] Furthermore, a first abutting surface is formed on the front side of the hinge portion in the vertical direction, and during the rotation of the prosthetic joint component relative to the femoral condyle bionic component, the first abutting surface maintains abutment with the front side surface of the installation cavity.

[0019] Furthermore, the inner and outer sides of the hinged portion respectively form second abutment surfaces in the horizontal direction, and the inner and outer side walls of the mounting cavity respectively form third abutment surfaces. During the rotation of the prosthetic joint component relative to the femoral condyle bionic component, the second abutment surface remains in abutment with the third abutment surface.

[0020] Furthermore, the femoral condyle bionic component is formed with a patellar slideway at a position corresponding to the patella of the child.

[0021] The knee dislocation prevention device provided by the present invention comprises a sequentially connected prosthetic joint component, a biomimetic femoral condyle component, and a flexible joint capsule. The flexible joint capsule securely connects the biomimetic femoral condyle component to the patient's tibial condyle, effectively improving knee joint stability and reducing knee dislocation. Compared to existing technologies, the hinged connection between the prosthetic joint component and the biomimetic femoral condyle component also addresses the problem of severe wear and damage to the contralateral articular cartilage while maintaining good knee function. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0022] Figure 1 A schematic structural diagram of a preferred embodiment of a knee joint anti-dislocation device provided by the present invention;

[0023] Figure 2 for Figure 1 Exploded diagram;

[0024] Figure 3 An exploded view of a preferred embodiment of a prosthetic joint component in the knee joint anti-dislocation device provided by the present invention;

[0025] Figure 4 for Figure 3 Exploded view from another perspective. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0026] The preferred embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, wherein the accompanying drawings constitute a part of this application and are used together with the embodiments of the present invention to illustrate the principles of the present invention, and are not used to limit the scope of the present invention.

[0027] See also Figures 1 to 3 The present invention provides a knee joint anti-dislocation device, which includes a prosthetic joint component 1, a femoral condyle bionic component 2 and a flexible joint capsule 3. One end of the prosthetic joint component 1 is connected to the femur of the child, and the specific connection method can be bonding, mosaicking and other methods commonly used in the prior art. The other end of the prosthetic joint component 1 is hinged to the femoral condyle bionic component 2, and the specific structure can be a hinged structure commonly used in the prior art. The present invention does not limit this.

[0028] Collateral ligament fixing holes 2a are respectively provided on the inner and outer sides of the femoral condyle bionic component 2 to install and fix the collateral ligament, and a cruciate ligament fixing hole 2b is provided on the rear side of the femoral condyle bionic component 2 to install and fix the cruciate ligament.

[0029] One end of the flexible joint capsule 3 is detachably connected to the femoral condyle bionic component 2. The specific detachable connection method can be a screw fixed connection, a clamping connection, etc. The other end of the flexible joint capsule 3 is clamped to the tibial condyle of the child. A pair of collateral ligament through holes 3a are respectively opened on the inner and outer sides of the flexible joint capsule 3. The collateral ligament through holes 3a can not only allow the collateral ligament to pass through, but also play a certain fixing role on the collateral ligament.

[0030] The knee dislocation prevention device provided by the present invention comprises a sequentially connected prosthetic joint component, a biomimetic femoral condyle component, and a flexible joint capsule. The flexible joint capsule securely connects the biomimetic femoral condyle component to the patient's tibial condyle, effectively improving knee joint stability and reducing knee dislocation. Compared to existing technologies, the hinged connection between the prosthetic joint component and the biomimetic femoral condyle component also addresses the problem of severe wear and damage to the contralateral articular cartilage while maintaining good knee function.

[0031] See also Figure 2 As a preferred embodiment, the prosthetic joint component 1 includes an intramedullary nail 11 and a femoral bionic component 12. One end of the femoral bionic component 12 is fixedly connected to one end of the intramedullary nail 11. The femoral bionic component 12 can be connected to the femur of the child through the intramedullary nail 11. Compared with other connection methods, the connection method in this embodiment is more secure. The other end of the prosthetic joint component 1 is hinged to the femoral condyle bionic component 2. The specific structure can be a hinged structure commonly used in the prior art, and the present invention does not limit this.

[0032] See also Figure 2 and Figure 3 As a preferred embodiment, the knee joint anti-dislocation device also includes a connecting shaft (not shown in the figure), and a hinge portion 13 is formed at one end of the prosthetic joint component 1 (i.e., the end opposite to the intramedullary nail 11), and the femoral condyle bionic component 2 is provided with a mounting cavity 2c, and the hinge portion 13 is located in the mounting cavity 2c. A through hole 13a is provided in the portion of the hinge portion 13 located in the mounting cavity 2c, and the middle part of the connecting shaft is rotatably connected to the through hole 13a, and the two ends of the connecting shaft are respectively detachably connected to the inner and outer side walls of the mounting cavity 2c. The specific detachable connection method can be screw fixation, clamping, etc., and the present invention does not limit this. Compared with other hinge structures, the hinge structure in this embodiment is more reliable and more convenient to disassemble.

[0033] In a more preferred embodiment, the connecting shaft and the inner and outer side walls of the installation cavity 2c are detachably connected by locking screws. Compared with other detachable methods, the screw fixing method is more stable and convenient for disassembly.

[0034] In a more preferred embodiment, the knee joint anti-dislocation device further includes two bushings, which are respectively installed at the two ends of the through hole 13a to reduce the friction area between the connecting shaft and the through hole 13a.

[0035] See also Figure 3 As a preferred embodiment, the intramedullary nail 11 forms an outward inclination angle of 6.4° with the main axis of the femoral bionic component 12. Compared with other angles, the prosthetic joint component 1 with this structure is closer to the original bone structure of the child after being connected with the femur of the child.

[0036] See also Figure 4 As a preferred embodiment, a first limiting surface 131 is formed in the horizontal direction on the front side of the hinge portion 13, and a second limiting surface 21 is formed on the top of the front wall of the mounting cavity 2c. When the prosthetic joint component 1 rotates to a set position relative to the femoral condyle bionic component 2, the first limiting surface 131 and the second limiting surface 21 are abutted against each other and form a limit. This structure can prevent the joint formed by the prosthetic joint component 1 and the femoral condyle bionic component 2 from hyperextension.

[0037] Please continue reading Figure 4 As a preferred embodiment, a third limiting surface 132 is formed at the bottom of the hinge portion 13. When the first limiting surface 131 and the second limiting surface 21 form a limit, the third limiting surface 132 is abutted against the bottom surface of the mounting cavity 2c and forms a limit. This structure can further prevent the joint formed by the prosthetic joint component 1 and the femoral condyle bionic component 2 from overextension.

[0038] See also Figure 1 and Figure 4 As a preferred embodiment, when the third limiting surface 132 forms a limit with the bottom surface of the mounting cavity 2c, the femoral bionic component 12 is perpendicular to the femoral platform plane of the femoral condyle bionic component 2. Compared with other angles, the angle of the femoral bionic component 12 when forming a limit with the femoral condyle bionic component 2 is closer to the original bone structure of the child.

[0039] Please continue reading Figure 4 As a preferred embodiment, a first arc-shaped abutting surface 133 is formed on the front side of the hinge portion 13 in the vertical direction. During the rotation of the prosthetic joint component 1 relative to the femoral condyle bionic component 2, the first abutting surface 133 remains in abutment with the front side surface of the mounting cavity 2c. Through this structure, the femoral condyle bionic component 2 can limit the movement trajectory of the prosthetic joint component 1, thereby improving the movement accuracy of the device.

[0040] Please continue reading Figure 4As a preferred embodiment, the inner and outer sides of the hinge part 13 are respectively formed with arc-shaped second abutting surfaces 134 in the horizontal direction, and the tops of the inner and outer side walls of the mounting cavity 2c are respectively formed with third abutting surfaces 22. During the rotation of the prosthetic joint component 1 relative to the femoral condyle bionic component 2, the second abutting surface 134 remains in abutment with the third abutting surface 22. Through this structure, the femoral condyle bionic component 2 can not only limit the movement trajectory of the prosthetic joint component 1, but also play a supporting role for the prosthetic joint component 1, so as to reduce the pressure borne by the rotating shaft, thereby improving the service life of the rotating shaft and the entire device.

[0041] Please continue reading Figure 4 As a preferred embodiment, the femoral condyle bionic component 2 is formed with a patellar slide 23 at a position corresponding to the patella of the child. The patellar slide 23 can limit the movement of the patella to avoid dislocation of the patella during the child's exercise.

[0042] In summary, the knee dislocation prevention device provided by the present invention comprises a sequentially connected prosthetic joint component, a biomimetic femoral condyle component, and a flexible joint capsule. This flexible joint capsule secures the biomimetic femoral condyle component to the patient's tibial condyle, effectively improving knee joint stability and reducing knee dislocation. Compared to existing technologies, the hinged connection between the prosthetic joint component and the biomimetic femoral condyle component similarly addresses the problem of severe wear and damage to the contralateral articular cartilage while maintaining good knee function.

[0043] In addition, multiple limiting structures and abutment structures are formed between the hinged portion of the prosthetic joint component and the mounting cavity of the femoral condyle bionic component. The limiting structure can prevent the joint formed by the prosthetic joint component and the femoral condyle bionic component from overextension, while the abutment structure can improve the movement accuracy of the device.

[0044] The above description is only a preferred specific embodiment of the present invention, but the scope of protection of the present invention is not limited thereto. Any changes or substitutions that can be easily thought of by any technician familiar with this technical field within the technical scope disclosed by the present invention should be covered by the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A knee joint anti-dislocation device, characterized in that: It includes a prosthetic joint component, a femoral condyle bionic component, and a flexible joint capsule; One end of the prosthesis joint component is joined to the femur of the child, and the other end of the prosthesis joint component is hinged to the femoral condyle bionic component. The inner and outer sides of the femoral condyle bionic component are respectively provided with collateral ligament fixing holes, and the rear side of the femoral condyle bionic component is provided with a cruciate ligament fixing hole; One end of the flexible joint capsule is detachably connected to the femoral condyle bionic component, and the other end of the flexible joint capsule is clamped to the tibial condyle of the child, and a pair of collateral ligament holes are respectively opened on the inner and outer sides of the flexible joint capsule; The prosthesis joint component comprises an intramedullary nail and a femoral bionic component, one end of the femoral bionic component is fixedly connected to the intramedullary nail, the femoral bionic component is joined to the femur of the child through the intramedullary nail, and the other end of the prosthesis joint component is hinged to the femoral condyle bionic component; The knee joint anti-dislocation device also includes a connecting shaft, one end of the prosthesis joint component is formed with a hinge part, the femoral condyle bionic component is provided with a mounting cavity, and the hinge part is located in the mounting cavity; A through hole is provided in the hinged portion located in the installation cavity, the middle portion of the connecting shaft is rotatably connected to the through hole, and both ends of the connecting shaft are detachably connected to the inner and outer side walls of the installation cavity respectively; The front side of the hinge portion is formed with a first limiting surface in the horizontal direction, and the front side wall of the mounting cavity is formed with a second limiting surface, and when the prosthesis joint component is rotated to a set position relative to the femoral condyle bionic component, the first limiting surface and the second limiting surface constitute a limit; A third limiting surface is formed at the bottom of the hinged portion, and when the first limiting surface and the second limiting surface form a limiting position, the third limiting surface and the bottom surface of the installation cavity form a limiting position; When the third limiting surface and the bottom surface of the mounting cavity form a limiting position, the femoral bionic component and the femoral platform plane of the femoral condyle bionic component are perpendicular; The intramedullary nail and the femoral bionic component form an outward tilt angle of 6.4°.

2. The knee joint anti-dislocation device according to claim 1, characterized in that: A first abutting surface is formed on the front side of the hinge portion in the vertical direction. During the rotation of the prosthetic joint component relative to the femoral condyle bionic component, the first abutting surface maintains abutment with the front side surface of the installation cavity.

3. The knee joint anti-dislocation device according to claim 2, characterized in that: The inner and outer sides of the hinged portion respectively form second abutment surfaces in the horizontal direction, and the inner and outer side walls of the mounting cavity respectively form third abutment surfaces. During the rotation of the prosthetic joint component relative to the femoral condyle bionic component, the second abutment surface maintains abutment with the third abutment surface.

4. The knee joint anti-dislocation device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The femoral condyle bionic component is formed with a patellar slideway at a position corresponding to the patella of the child.

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