Dust collection and suction truck

Abstract

The present invention relates to a dust collection and suction truck, comprising: a cleaning and suction device; a vehicle body defining a negative pressure chamber and a positive pressure chamber, the negative pressure chamber being communicated with the cleaning and suction device; a negative pressure source having an air inlet communicated with the negative pressure chamber and a first air outlet communicated with the positive pressure chamber; a rear door connected to the vehicle body, the rear door being formed with at least one dust discharge port; and at least one controlled dust discharge device installed corresponding to the at least one dust discharge port on the rear door.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of cleaning machinery, and particularly to a dust collection and suction truck. Background Art

[0002] With the enhancement of people's environmental protection awareness, the performance requirements for road cleaning machinery are getting higher and higher. People not only hope that they can efficiently complete the cleaning operation, but also hope to reduce the secondary pollution to the surrounding environment caused by dust during the unloading of garbage or materials. For this reason, a large number of studies have been carried out.

[0003] For example, the Chinese patent application for invention CN103614980A titled "A Dust Suppression Device for Unloading of a Pure Suction Road Sweeper" published on March 5, 2014, proposes a solution to reduce dust by physical isolation. The dust suppression device for unloading of a pure suction road sweeper mainly includes: a hinge support, a box body, and a discharge port, and is characterized by further including: a moving push rod, an inner rotating bracket, a rotating bracket mounting frame, a discharge guiding ramp, an isolation cover, a rotating bracket movement limiting chain, and an outer rotating bracket. The connection mode is as follows: the moving push rod is respectively connected to the box body and the outer rotating bracket through the hinge support, the outer rotating bracket and the inner rotating bracket are connected to the rotating bracket mounting frame, the isolation cover is connected to the inner rotating bracket and the outer rotating bracket, the discharge guiding ramp is connected to the box body and the rotating bracket mounting frame, each inner rotating bracket is connected to each other through the rotating bracket movement limiting chain, the discharge port is connected to the box body, and the inner rotating bracket and the outer rotating bracket are connected through the rotating bracket movement limiting chain. During unloading, the isolation cover can be unfolded by controlling the movement of the moving push rod to isolate the material from the outside. This application claims to solve the problem of dust during unloading and significantly improve the cleaning and environmental protection characteristics of the suction truck. However, this physical isolation solution has problems such as large floor area, complex structure, and difficulty in cleaning the guiding ramp and the isolation cover itself. Especially when cleaning on some narrow urban roads, the problems of floor area occupation and cleaning are more prominent.

[0004] For another example, the Chinese utility model patent application CN206428630U titled "A dust suppression device for a dust suction vehicle" published on August 22, 2017, proposed a solution to reduce dust by humidification. The dust suppression device of the dust suction vehicle includes a spray device, a water tank, a water pump, and a controller; the spray device is installed at the rear door of the dust suction vehicle, and it is provided with a plurality of high-pressure nozzles, and the spray directions of the high-pressure nozzles all face the outer end surface of the rear door of the vehicle; the water tank and the water pump are both arranged in the carriage of the dust suction vehicle, the input end of the water pump is connected to the water tank through a pipeline, and its output end is connected to the spray device through a pipeline, and the controller is installed in the cab of the dust suction vehicle and is electrically connected to the water pump. This application claims its advantages as: simple structure, convenient installation, can effectively suppress the dust during the unloading of garbage by the dust suction vehicle, and avoid the occurrence of secondary pollution. However, the problem with this solution is that it is easy to make the inside and outside of the carriage either muddy or the dust caking and adhering to the dust suction vehicle after drying, which is not easy to clean. When the environment is relatively dry, frequent water replenishment is required to achieve the effect claimed by this application, which is likely to cause waste of water resources. When it is relatively cold, this solution is prone to icing and other situations, making it difficult to operate.

[0005] For another example, the Chinese utility model patent application CN210621589U titled "A freely adjustable discharge guiding mechanism for the carriage of a dust suction vehicle" published on May 26, 2020, proposed another solution to reduce dust by physical isolation. The freely adjustable discharge guiding mechanism for the carriage of the dust suction vehicle includes a carriage body, a discharge guiding plate, and a driving device. The discharge guiding plate is rotatably connected to the bottom edge of the tail of the carriage body through a pin shaft. The driving device drives the discharge guiding plate to rotate around the central axis of the pin shaft at its connection point. The discharge guiding plate can be rotated to contact the ground or abut against the rear back plate of the carriage body. This application claims its beneficial effects as: a retractable discharge guiding mechanism is added at the discharge port, so as to realize the correct flow of the garbage at the discharge port into the garbage pool, ensure the cleanliness around the garbage pool, and can effectively improve the docking and adaptation function with other sanitation vehicles. It can effectively improve the functions of discharging and suppressing dust, can effectively improve the working efficiency of the dust suction vehicle, and the discharge guiding plate can also be retracted when not in use. In addition, when the vehicle is moving with the discharge guiding plate open and encounters an obstacle on the road surface, the discharge guiding plate can also be retracted to avoid the obstacle. However, the problem with this solution is that it occupies a large area and cannot prevent the dust in the carriage from causing dust during the unloading process.

[0006] This background technology is only for facilitating the understanding of the related technologies in this field and is not regarded as an admission of the prior art. Summary of the Invention

[0007] The present invention aims to provide a dust collection and suction vehicle that can at least solve some of the above technical problems.

[0008] According to one aspect of the present invention, there is provided a dust collection and suction truck, comprising: a cleaning and suction device; a vehicle body defining a negative pressure chamber and a positive pressure chamber, the negative pressure chamber being in communication with the cleaning and suction device; a negative pressure source having an air inlet in communication with the negative pressure chamber and a first air outlet in communication with the positive pressure chamber; a rear door connected to the vehicle body, the rear door being formed with at least one dust discharge port; and at least one controlled dust discharge device mounted to the rear door corresponding to the at least one dust discharge port.

[0009] With the dust collection and suction truck of the present invention, by means of the cooperation of the negative pressure source with the positive pressure chamber and the negative pressure chamber, the cleaning operation can be completely carried out by the circulation of air flow in a closed loop, reducing the exhaust volume of the suction truck. The controlled dust discharge device provides another option for discharging the contents of the suction truck, that is, without opening the discharge port of the suction truck, the dust and the like in the suction truck can be sent to the dust discharge port and discharged through the controlled dust discharge device. A collection device can be provided at the dust discharge port to collect the discharged dust. The controlled dust discharge device can be manually controlled to perform actions such as feeding, retracting, and stopping, so that the dust can be discharged orderly under a controlled state without being randomly diffused into the atmosphere to cause secondary pollution.

[0010] In some embodiments, the at least one controlled dust discharge device includes: a controlled conveying mechanism having a conveying starting end and a conveying ending end adjacent to the corresponding dust discharge port; and a cover openably mounted to the corresponding dust discharge port. The dust is conveyed by the conveying mechanism from the conveying starting end to the conveying ending end in a controlled state and smoothly discharged from the dust discharge port. Compared with directly opening the rear door of the vehicle body to dump, it can achieve dust-free emission of the dust. When the cover is opened, the dust can be normally discharged. When the cover is closed, the dust is retained in the vehicle body to prevent the dust from leaking out of the vehicle body.

[0011] In some embodiments, the dust collection and suction truck further includes an air purification device mounted on the vehicle body and in fluid communication with the negative pressure source to suck air. The air purification device can suck in the air around the dust collection and suction truck, filter the dust particles in the air, and then discharge the filtered clean gas, improving the air quality of the surrounding environment.

[0012] In some embodiments, the at least one dust exhaust port includes a first dust exhaust port in the lower region of the rear door and a second dust exhaust port in the upper region of the rear door. The at least one controlled dust exhaust device includes: at least one first controlled dust exhaust device installed corresponding to the first dust exhaust port in the lower region of the rear door; and at least one second controlled dust exhaust device installed corresponding to the second dust exhaust port in the upper region of the rear door. The two dust exhaust ports respectively correspond to the positive pressure cabin and the negative pressure cabin, and the dust in the two cabins is discharged separately to prevent the dust in the two cabins from mixing. The two controlled dust exhaust devices can operate independently or synchronously. In this way, the dust discharge mode in the box body is more flexible and easy to operate, and the dust emission is further reduced.

[0013] In some embodiments, the conveying mechanism of the first controlled dust exhaust device includes: a first driving mechanism installed in the lower region of the rear door; a first rotating shaft connected to the first driving mechanism; and a pair of spiral pushing blades oppositely and reversely spirally connected to the first rotating shaft, wherein the first dust exhaust port is disposed in the middle of the rear door. In this way, the conveying starting end of the first controlled dust exhaust device is located on both sides, while the conveying ending end is located in the middle. The two spiral pushing blades push the dust from both sides to the middle and then discharge it from the dust exhaust port. The device has a simple structure and is easy to operate.

[0014] In some embodiments, the conveying mechanism of the second controlled dust exhaust device includes: a second driving mechanism installed in the upper region of the rear door; a second rotating shaft connected to the second driving mechanism; and a spiral pushing blade connected to the second rotating shaft and continuously spirally extending from one end of the second rotating shaft to the other end to approach the second dust exhaust port, wherein the second dust exhaust port is disposed on one side of the rear door. In this way, the conveying starting end of the second controlled dust exhaust device is located on one side, while the conveying ending end is located on the other side. The spiral pushing blade pushes the dust from one side to the other side and then discharges it from the dust exhaust port. The device has a simple structure and is easy to operate.

[0015] In some embodiments, at least one of the covers of the first controlled dust exhaust device and the covers of the second controlled dust exhaust device is pivotally installed on the rear door and connected to an opening and closing mechanism. The pivotable cover can be more easily pressed tightly against the corresponding dust exhaust port to prevent dust from overflowing from the dust exhaust port. The opening and closing mechanism cooperates with the pivotable cover, the structure is simpler, and the sealing effect is better.

[0016] In some embodiments, the opening and closing mechanism includes: a controlled linear motion mechanism installed on the rear door; and a connecting rod hinged to the linear motion mechanism and connected to the corresponding cover. This opening and closing mechanism has a simple structure and can effectively operate the cover to cover the corresponding dust exhaust port.

[0017] In some embodiments, the rear door includes a rear door panel forming an upper groove, a lower groove, and a partition between the upper groove and the lower groove. The conveying mechanism of the first controlled dust exhaust device is installed in the lower groove, and the conveying mechanism of the second controlled dust exhaust device is installed in the upper groove. The position of the partition corresponds to the position of the baffle between the positive pressure chamber and the negative pressure chamber of the box body. When the rear door is closed, the partition can be connected to the baffle between the positive pressure chamber and the negative pressure chamber to form an integral isolation board, realizing the isolation of the two chambers of the box body, preventing the positive pressure chamber and the negative pressure chamber from communicating, and also preventing the dust in the positive pressure chamber and the negative pressure chamber from mixing.

[0018] In some embodiments, the end of the box body away from the rear door can be lifted, and the rear door is pivotally installed on the box body and can cooperate with the box body to define a discharge port. In this way, the unloading method of the dust collection and suction vehicle is more flexible. It can choose to keep the box body horizontal, close the rear door, and open the dust exhaust port to discharge the dust in a non-dusting manner, or it can also choose to lift the front end of the box body and open the rear door to dump the dust out.

[0019] In some embodiments, the rear door is provided with an observation window for observing the interior of the box body. The observation window includes an observation port and a lid that is openably and closably installed to the observation port.

[0020] In some embodiments, the at least one dust exhaust port is connected with a dust exhaust pipe. The dust exhaust pipe can be connected to a collection device. The dust is discharged from the dust exhaust port through the dust exhaust pipe and collected by the collection device, preventing the dust from spreading into the air.

[0021] In some embodiments, the cleaning and suction device includes a blowing port, a cleaning brush, and a suction port communicating with the negative pressure chamber. The negative pressure source has a second air outlet communicating with the blowing port. The cleaning and suction device can be in the form of a cleaning disk, for example, the cleaning brush, the blowing port, and the suction port are all formed on the cleaning disk.

[0022] In some embodiments, the box body has an exhaust port communicating the positive pressure chamber with the atmosphere. The dust collection and suction vehicle of the present invention is configured such that the exhaust volume of the exhaust port of the box body accounts for 10% - 30% of the intake volume of the suction port of the cleaning and suction device and the intake volume of the air purification device. Through the dust collection and suction vehicle of the present invention, the discharged gas only accounts for 10% - 30% of the inhaled gas, and the remaining gas enters the circulation loop composed of the negative pressure chamber, the negative pressure source, and the positive pressure chamber to participate in the cleaning operation, effectively improving the cleaning operation efficiency and reducing gas emissions.

[0023] In some embodiments, the air purification device includes: a housing connected to the box body and defining an air duct inside, a first end of the air duct communicating with the atmosphere, and a second end of the air duct fluidly communicating with the negative pressure chamber of the box body; and a purification mechanism disposed inside the housing between the first end and the second end of the air duct, the purification mechanism horizontally filling the air duct.

[0024] In some embodiments, the air purification device further includes a rainproof mechanism provided on the housing at the first end of the air duct, the rainproof mechanism defining an inlet fluidly communicating with the air duct.

[0025] In some embodiments, the purification mechanism includes: a primary filter horizontally filling the air duct; and a secondary filter disposed on a side of the primary filter facing the second end of the air duct and horizontally filling the air duct, the secondary filter being a HEPA high-efficiency filter suitable for filtering PM2.5 particles.

[0026] In some embodiments, a connecting pipe is connected between the housing and the negative pressure chamber, and the air duct is connected to the negative pressure chamber through the connecting pipe. Description of the Drawings

[0027] Hereinafter, embodiments of the present disclosure will be described in detail with reference to the drawings, where:

[0028] Figure 1 is a cross-sectional view of a dust collection and suction truck according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0029] Figure 2 is a partial schematic view of a dust collection and suction truck according to an embodiment of the present invention, in which the cab and the chassis are omitted;

[0030] Figure 3 is Figure 2 a partial cross-sectional view taken along the line A-A of

[0031] Figure 4 is Figure 3 an enlarged view at B of

[0032] Figure 5 is a schematic view of a rear door assembly of a dust collection and suction truck according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0033] Figure 6 is a side view of a rear door assembly of a dust collection and suction truck according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0034] Figure 7 is a schematic view of a cover and an opening and closing mechanism of a rear door assembly of a dust collection and suction truck according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0035] Description of the Reference Numerals:

[0036] 1. Dust collection and suction truck; 2. Compartment; 21. Front wall; 22. Rear wall; 23. Top wall; 24. Bottom wall; 25. Partition; 26. Positive pressure chamber; 27. Negative pressure chamber; 28. Drainage part; 281. Flow channel; 29: Baffle; 31. Filter part; 32. Filter part; 4. Rear door assembly; 41. Rear door; 411. Rear door panel; 412. Side plate; 413. Sealing plate; 414. Partition; 415. First dust exhaust port; 416. Second dust exhaust port; 417. Partition; 42. First dust exhaust device; 421. First conveying mechanism; 4211. First driving mechanism; 4212. First rotating shaft; 4213. First spiral pushing blade; 4214. Second spiral pushing blade; 422. First cover; 423. First opening and closing mechanism; 4231. First push rod motor; 4232. First connecting rod; 4233. Bracket; 43. Second dust exhaust device; 431. Second conveying mechanism; 4311. Second driving mechanism; 4312. Second rotating shaft; 4313. Third spiral pushing blade; 432. Second cover; 433. Second opening and closing mechanism; 4331. Second push rod motor; 4332. Second connecting rod; 44. Hydraulic pipeline; 45. Observation window; 451. Observation port; 452. Lid. 46. Rear door actuating mechanism; 5. Air purification device; 51. Housing; 511. Air duct; 52. Rainproof mechanism; 521. Inlet; 53. Purification mechanism; 531. Primary filter screen; 532. Secondary filter screen; 54. Connecting pipe; 6. Negative pressure source; 61. Air inlet; 62. Air outlet; 7. Suction pipe; 8. Chassis; 9. Exhaust port. Detailed implementation manners

[0037] To make the objectives, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention clearer and more understandable, the present invention will be further described in detail below in conjunction with the specific implementation manners and the accompanying drawings. Herein, the illustrative implementation manners of the present invention and their descriptions are used to explain the present invention, but are not intended to limit the present invention.

[0038] Figure 1 A schematic cross-sectional view of a dust collection and suction truck according to an embodiment of the present invention is shown, Figure 2 which is schematically shown in the form of a partial view Figure 1The dust collection and suction truck, in which the cab and chassis are omitted. As shown in the figure, the dust collection and suction truck 1 includes a movable chassis 8 and a box body 2 mounted on the chassis 8. The front end of the box body 2 near the cab can be lifted (for example, lifted by an oil cylinder or jacked up by a jack) to facilitate discharging garbage or dust from the rear end of the box body 2 away from the cab. In the box body 2, a positive pressure chamber 26 and a negative pressure chamber 27 are separated by a baffle 29. For example, a negative pressure source 6 which is a fan is mounted on the box body 2. The air inlet 61 of the negative pressure source 6 is in fluid communication with the negative pressure chamber 27, sucking gas from the negative pressure chamber 27, while the air outlet 62 of the negative pressure source 6 is in fluid communication with the positive pressure chamber 26, discharging gas into the positive pressure chamber 26. The positive pressure chamber 26 may be provided with an exhaust port communicating with the atmosphere or connected to an exhaust port communicating with the atmosphere at other positions of the box body 2. In some embodiments, the positive pressure chamber 26 is in fluid communication with the exhaust port 9, discharging gas into the air. One end of the suction pipe 7 extends into the negative pressure chamber 27, and the other end extends downward and is connected to a cleaning and suction device (not shown in the figure) to facilitate road suction and cleaning operations. The cleaning and suction device may include a blowing port communicating with another air outlet of the negative pressure source, a cleaning brush, and a suction port communicating with the negative pressure chamber. In some embodiments, the suction port is in communication with the negative pressure chamber 27 of the box body 2 through the suction pipe 7, and can suck and collect dust, garbage, etc. on the road surface. In some embodiments, the blowing port is in communication with another air outlet (not shown in the figure) of the negative pressure source 6 through a duct. The other air outlet of the negative pressure source 6 is located between the air inlet 61 and the air outlet 62 of the negative pressure source 6. The blowing port can be arranged to spray gas towards the suction port, blowing dust, garbage, etc. on the road surface towards the suction port, which helps the suction port to complete the suction cleaning operation more efficiently. On the top of the box body 2, there is also a vehicle-mounted air purification device 5 of the cleaning vehicle (hereinafter referred to as "air purification device") in fluid communication with the negative pressure chamber 27 to suck air and collect and filter dust and the like that may exist in the air.

[0039] As Figure 2 shown, in one embodiment, the box body 2 is surrounded by a plurality of side walls. The plurality of side walls include a top wall 23, a front wall 21 connected to the top wall 23 at one end of the top wall 23 near the cab, and a rear wall 22 connected to the top wall 23 at one end of the top wall 23 near the rear of the vehicle. The front wall 21 and the rear wall 22 are relatively spaced apart. A vertically arranged partition 25 is connected to the top wall 23 and is located between the front wall 21 and the rear wall 22. A bottom wall 24 opposite to the top wall 23 is connected between the partition 25 and the rear wall 22. In this way, the top wall 23, the partition 25, the bottom wall 24, the rear wall 22 together with the left and right side walls of the box body jointly enclose the collection space of the box body 2, while the top wall 23, the front wall 21, the partition 25 together with the left and right side walls of the box body jointly enclose an open space communicating with the atmosphere. The baffle 29 is arranged in the collection space and is connected between the front wall 21, the rear wall 22 and the left and right side walls of the box body. Thus, the baffle 29 divides the collection space into a lower negative pressure chamber 27 and an upper positive pressure chamber 26.

[0040] In one embodiment, the negative pressure source 6 can be installed on the box body 2, and the air inlet 61 of the negative pressure source 6 is connected to the negative pressure chamber 27 through the opening of the baffle 29. The negative pressure source 6 can be selected as a fan, for example. By driving the fan impeller to rotate at a high speed, the negative pressure chamber 27 of the box body 2 is pumped into a certain degree of vacuum, and dust, garbage, etc. are sucked into the negative pressure chamber 27 through the suction pipe 7. After entering the negative pressure chamber 27, due to sudden pressure increase, the air flow velocity slows down, and most of the substances with larger mass in the inhaled matter settle down under the action of gravity, realizing the first rough separation of air and dust, while some fine dust is sucked into by the fan impeller. Under the high-speed rotation of the impeller, the dust obtains energy and is thrown into the casing of the fan at a certain speed and pressure. The dust makes a high-speed circular motion in the casing. According to the centrifugal force formula: F = mωv (centrifugal force = mass × angular velocity × linear velocity), it shows that: at the same speed, the larger the mass, the greater the centrifugal force obtained. Because the mass of the dust is much larger than that of the air, the dust moves closer to the edge of the casing, so that the dust and the gas are separated, realizing the second fine separation of air and dust. The separated fine dust is thrown into the positive pressure chamber 26 of the box body 2 under the action of inertia force and settles down, while the separated gas enters the blowing port of the cleaning and dust suction device along the air guide pipe. The air flow sprays out from the blowing port to blow the ground dust and sundries towards the suction pipe 7, and then is sucked up by the suction pipe 7 and enters the negative pressure chamber 27 of the box body 2. In this cycle, the purpose of sucking up the ground sundries and dust is achieved.

[0041] In one embodiment, a pressurizing mechanism (not shown in the figure) is also installed on the side of the impeller in the casing of the fan, and the pressurizing mechanism is used to pressurize the gas flowing out of the other air outlet of the fan and enter the air guide pipe at a high speed. In one embodiment, the pressurizing mechanism can be a guide ring, and the guide ring can be circular, which is composed of two upper and lower circular steel plates with a certain taper and several guide vanes in the middle. In the rotary motion of the air flow, the guide vanes can make the air flow change from circular motion to radial motion and increase the air flow pressure, so as to pass through the air guide pipe at a high speed and spray out from the blowing port of the cleaning and dust suction device.

[0042] To prevent the inhaled substances from damaging the negative pressure source 6, in one embodiment, a filtering part 31 can be provided at the opening of the baffle 29 communicating with the air inlet 61. The filtering part 31 can be a grid plate or a grating plate, for example.

[0043] In some embodiments, the end of the suction pipe 7 extends into the negative pressure chamber 27, and the extending end is configured in a parabolic curve configuration. Thereby, the substances with larger mass in the inhaled matter will move in the negative pressure chamber 27 along a parabolic trajectory until they fall on the bottom wall 24, preventing impact on the rear wall 22 and the rear door 41 of the box body 2, and at the same time reducing the impact on the bottom wall 24. The parabolic curve configuration parameters of the extending end of the cleaning suction pipe 7 satisfy that the parabolic motion trajectory of the object avoids the baffle 29 and the rear wall 22.

[0044] Continue to refer to Figure 2 , an opening is formed on the top wall 23 of the box body 2 corresponding to the position of the positive pressure cabin 26 to allow the positive pressure cabin 26 to communicate with the exhaust port 9 provided on the box body 2. A filtering part 32 for purifying the air in the positive pressure cabin 26 may be provided at the opening of the top wall 23 so that the positive pressure cabin 26 discharges clean air to the exhaust port 9. The filtering part 32 may be, for example, a dry dust filtering device, such as a bag filter. When the dusty gas passes through the bag filter, dust particles with large particle size and high specific gravity will settle under the action of gravity and fall into the positive pressure cabin because they cannot pass through. When the gas containing finer dust passes through the filter material of the bag filter, the fine dust is retained. The gas is thus purified.

[0045] In some embodiments, a drainage part 28, such as a flow guide plate, is provided on the top wall 23 of the box body 2. The drainage part 28 covers the opening of the top wall 23 and forms a flow channel 281 with the top wall 23. In addition, the exhaust port 9 is provided at a position on the top wall 23 between the front wall 21 and the partition 25. In the illustrated embodiment, the exhaust port 9 extends into the open space of the box body 2 surrounded by the front wall 21, the top wall 23 and the partition 25 and communicates with the atmosphere. The drainage part 28 extends on the top wall 23 so that its flow channel 281 communicates with the exhaust port 9. Thereby, the purified air discharged from the positive pressure cabin 26 flows along the flow channel 281 of the drainage part 28 to the exhaust port 9 and is discharged from the exhaust port 9 to the atmosphere.

[0046] According to an embodiment of the present invention, an air purification device 5 is provided on the top of the box body 2. Figure 3 and Figure 4 An exemplary schematic diagram of the air purification device 5 is shown more clearly. As shown in the figure, the air purification device 5 includes a housing 51 provided on the top wall 23 of the box body 2, and an air duct 511 communicating the atmosphere with the negative pressure cabin 27 is formed in the housing 51. A rainproof mechanism 52 is provided at one end of the housing 51. The rainproof mechanism 52 may be, for example, a louver mechanism, including a plurality of spaced-apart blades. The gaps between these blades form an inlet 521 of the air purification device 5. The air around the cleaning vehicle 1 can enter the air duct 511 of the housing 51 through the inlet 521. The blades of the louver mechanism may be inclined at a fixed angle to prevent rainwater and the like from entering the housing 51. Alternatively, the inclination angle of the blades of the louver mechanism may be adjustable to adjust the size of the inlet 521 as needed.

[0047] A purification mechanism 53 is also provided inside the housing 51 to filter the air in the air duct 511, removing dust, particulate matter, etc. contained in the air, such as PM10 particulate matter and PM2.5 particulate matter. In the illustrated embodiment, the purification mechanism 53 employs two-stage filtration, including a primary filter screen 531, such as a coarse filter screen, and a secondary filter screen 532, such as a HEPA high-efficiency filter screen. The primary filter screen 531 can block catkins and the like from flowing into the air duct 511 of the housing 51 along with the air. The secondary filter screen 532 provided on the side of the primary filter screen 531 facing away from the inlet 521 can be made of a PET composite high-efficiency filter material, capable of intercepting fine particulate matter such as PM10 and PM2.5 in the air, and the air purification efficiency can reach over 99.9%. The primary filter screen 531 and the secondary filter screen 532 can horizontally cover the air duct 511 so that all the gas flowing through the air duct 511 passes through the purification mechanism 53. Although only the primary filter screen 531 and the secondary filter screen 532 are shown arranged vertically in the figure, those skilled in the art can understand that the primary filter screen 531 and the secondary filter screen 532 can have other arrangement forms, such as being arranged obliquely at a certain angle, as long as they can be seen to cover the air duct 511 in the cross-section. The primary filter screen 531 and the secondary filter screen 532 can be installed and fixed by means of brackets installed on the inner peripheral wall of the housing 51. Optionally, one or both of the primary filter screen 531 and the secondary filter screen 532 can be replaced as the usage time of the cleaning vehicle increases.

[0048] An outlet allowing the fluid in the air duct 511 to be discharged from the housing 51 is provided at the other end of the housing 51. As shown in the figure, the outlet can be, for example, an opening directly formed in the wall of the housing 51. A connecting pipe 54 is connected to the outlet, and the connecting pipe 54 also extends into the negative pressure chamber 27 through the partition 25, thereby fluidly connecting the air duct 511 in the housing 51 with the negative pressure chamber 27. In some embodiments, the length of the connecting pipe 54 extending into the negative pressure chamber 27 from the partition 25 is less than the length of the suction pipe 7 extending into the negative pressure chamber 27 from the partition 25, and the opening of the baffle 29 for fluidly connecting the air inlet 61 of the negative pressure source 6 with the negative pressure chamber 27 is arranged close to the partition 25. In this way, the clean air entering the negative pressure chamber 27 through the connecting pipe 54 can be quickly sucked away by the negative pressure source 6, reducing the mixing of the gas entering the negative pressure chamber 27 through the connecting pipe 54 and the gas entering the negative pressure chamber 27 through the suction pipe 7, and can reduce the dust content of the gas entering the negative pressure source 6.

[0049] In some embodiments, another blower may be provided and configured to move coaxially with the negative pressure source 6. The air inlet 61 of the negative pressure source 6 is connected to the suction pipe 7, and the air outlet 62 is connected to the positive pressure chamber; while the air inlet of the other blower is connected to the connecting pipe 54, and the air outlet is connected to the exhaust port 9 of the compartment 2. In this way, synchronous suction of the suction pipe and the connecting pipe can be achieved, and air in the connecting pipe can be prevented from entering the negative pressure chamber and mixing with the air in the suction pipe. In some embodiments, the exhaust port 9 may be provided at the top of the compartment 2 and near the rear of the vehicle, and the clean gas discharged from the air purification device 5 can be directly discharged to the exhaust port 9.

[0050] Reference Figure 3 and Figure 4 , for example, a total of 8 filter areas may be provided on opposite sides of the top wall 23 of the air purification device 5, and each filter area is provided with a rainproof mechanism 52. The purification mechanism 53 may be shared among these filter areas, or each filter area may be provided with a purification mechanism 53.

[0051] For the dust collection and suction truck according to the present invention, the entire vehicle cleaning cycle is completed entirely by air flow. With the cooperation of the blower, the positive pressure chamber, and the negative pressure chamber, the air flow entering the vehicle through the air purification device and the cleaning and suction device circulates at high speed in a closed loop with almost no gas leakage. Since the dust is always carried by the air flow, there will be no dust raising problem. Due to the combination of blowing and suction, the total pressure generated during the operation of the impeller (negative pressure for suction and positive pressure for blowing) is utilized, which not only increases the cleaning width but also saves a significant amount of energy. Since it is a dry suction type, no water spraying is required, saving water resources, and it can operate normally in winter in the north (no water, no fear of freezing). Therefore, the dust collection and suction truck according to the present invention can be used in places with a large amount of dust and debris, effectively removing ground dust without causing secondary dust raising. It reduces the content of inhalable particulate matter in the air, protects the environment, and improves the urban sanitation level. Through the circulation of air flow in the blower, the positive pressure chamber, and the negative pressure chamber, only a small amount of gas is discharged from the exhaust port of the compartment. The exhaust volume of the exhaust port of the compartment only accounts for 10% - 30% of the intake volume of the gas inhaled through the air purification device and the cleaning and suction device, that is, the total vehicle exhaust volume of the dust collection and suction truck almost only accounts for 10% - 30% of the total vehicle intake volume. 70% - 90% of the intake air of the dust collection and suction truck is used for its own cleaning operation and circulates in a closed loop, achieving the effect of only a small amount of gas emission, and the emitted gas is also filtered clean air, effectively solving the problem of environmental pollution caused by the large amount of gas emissions from the suction truck.

[0052] Reference Figures 5 to 7, the rear door assembly 4 is installed on the rear wall 22. The rear door assembly 4 can be pivotally rotated as a whole to open or close the collection space of the box body 2. When the front end of the box body 2 rises and the rear door assembly 4 pivots to open the collection space of the box body 2, a discharge port is defined between the rear door 41 of the rear door assembly 4 and the box body 2, and the garbage in the box body 2 can be discharged in a dumping manner. When the front end of the box body 2 rises and the rear door assembly 4 still closes the collection space of the box body 2, relying on the rear door assembly 4, the dust deposited in the positive pressure chamber 26 and the negative pressure chamber 27 can be discharged in a manner that is independently controllable for each and almost dust-free, avoiding secondary pollution to the air.

[0053] In the illustrated embodiment, the rear door assembly 4 includes a rear door 41, a first dust removal device 42, and a second dust removal device 43. The rear door 41 is installed on the rear wall 22 through a pivot shaft, and a rear door actuating mechanism 46 is connected between the rear wall 22 and the rear door 41 to control the rear door 41 to flip open or close the collection space of the box body 2. The rear door actuating mechanism 46 can be a telescopic mechanism, such as a piston cylinder. One end of the piston cylinder is hinged to the rear wall 22, and the other end is hinged to the rear door 41. The rear door 41 is driven to flip by the extension or retraction of the piston rod. In one embodiment, the piston cylinder is an oil cylinder. In the illustrated embodiment, the rear door 41 can have a groove. In one embodiment, the rear door 41 includes a rear door panel 411 and a plurality (e.g., 4) of side plates 412 connected to the periphery of the rear door panel 411. The rear door panel 411 and the side plates 412 together enclose an installation groove for installing the first dust removal device 42 and the second dust removal device 43.

[0054] As Figure 5 and Figure 6 shown, the rear door 41 forms a first dust discharge port 415 in the lower region corresponding to the negative pressure chamber 27 and a second dust discharge port 416 in the upper region corresponding to the positive pressure chamber 26. The first dust removal device 42 is installed corresponding to the first dust discharge port 415, and is used to controllably send the dust deposited in the negative pressure chamber 27 to the first dust discharge port 415 and discharge it through the first dust discharge port 415 for collection. The second dust removal device 43 is installed corresponding to the second dust discharge port 416, and is used to controllably send the dust deposited in the positive pressure chamber 26 to the second dust discharge port 416 and discharge it through the second dust discharge port 416 for collection.

[0055] In the illustrated embodiment, the first dust exhaust device 42 includes a first conveying mechanism 421, a first cover 422, and a first opening and closing mechanism 423. The first cover 422 is movably installed at the first dust exhaust port 415 to open or close the first dust exhaust port 415. The movable manner of the first cover 422 may be pivoting or translation. In the illustrated embodiment, the first cover 422 is installed at the first dust exhaust port 415 through a pivot shaft, and the first opening and closing mechanism 423 is connected to the first cover 422 and controls the pivoting of the first cover 422. In one embodiment, the first opening and closing mechanism 423 includes a first push rod motor 4231 and a first connecting rod 4232, wherein the first push rod motor 4231 is hinged on the rear door panel 411 of the rear door 41, and one end of the first connecting rod 4232 is hinged to the first push rod motor 4231, and the other end is connected to the first cover 422. Alternatively, the first push rod motor can be replaced by other linear motion mechanisms that can be controlled to perform linear motion. As shown in the figure, a bracket 4233 can be provided at the first dust exhaust port 415, and the first cover 422 is hinged on the bracket 4233. The connecting rod helps to press the first cover against the first dust exhaust port to prevent dust leakage. In an embodiment not shown, the first cover 422 can also be manually controlled to open and close.

[0056] In the illustrated embodiment, the first conveying mechanism 421 is disposed in the installation groove of the rear door 41 corresponding to the negative pressure chamber 27. The conveying start end of the first conveying mechanism 421 is far from the first dust exhaust port 415, and the conveying end of the first conveying mechanism 421 points to or is adjacent to the first dust exhaust port 415 to convey and discharge dust toward the first dust exhaust port 415. As shown in the figure, the first conveying mechanism 421 includes a first driving mechanism 4211 installed on the rear door 41, a first rotating shaft 4212 connected to the first driving mechanism 4211, a first spiral pushing blade 4213 and a second spiral pushing blade 4214 extending spirally on the outer periphery of the first rotating shaft 4212, wherein the first spiral pushing blade 4213 and the second spiral pushing blade 4214 are arranged in a relative and opposite spiral direction on the first rotating shaft 4212. In one embodiment, the first dust exhaust port 415 is centrally disposed in the lower region of the rear door panel 411, and the first spiral pushing blade 4213 and the second spiral pushing blade 4214 can push dust from both sides of the rear door to the middle to be discharged from the first dust exhaust port 415. According to the embodiment of the present invention, the first conveying mechanism 421 has two conveying start ends on opposite sides of the rear door and a central conveying end.

[0057] In an embodiment (not shown), the first controlled dust removal device may further include another set of conveying mechanisms arranged at an angle (e.g., 90 degrees) with the first conveying mechanism. This another set of conveying mechanisms can extend from the inside of the negative pressure chamber 27 of the box body 2 to the starting end of the first conveying mechanism. Similar to the first conveying mechanism, this another set of conveying mechanisms is provided with a driving mechanism, a rotating shaft, and spiral pushing blades for pushing the dust in the negative pressure chamber to the starting end of the first conveying mechanism, and then the first conveying mechanism pushes the received dust to the first dust discharge port.

[0058] In one embodiment, the first driving mechanism 4211 is connected to the hydraulic pipeline 44 and controlled by hydraulic pressure. Such a first driving mechanism 4211 can be a hydraulic motor. The first driving mechanism 4211 is controlled to start or stop the rotation of the first rotating shaft 4212, thereby controlling the first spiral pushing blade 4213 and the second spiral pushing blade 4214 to discharge dust to the first dust discharge port 415 or stop discharging dust.

[0059] In one embodiment, a first dust discharge pipe can be sleeved on the first dust discharge port 415, and the dust can move along the first dust discharge pipe after being discharged from the first dust discharge port. The first dust discharge pipe can be connected with a collection device such as a collection bag. The collection device can be detachably connected to the first dust discharge pipe. The collection device can also be self-sealing. At least one of the first dust discharge pipe and the collection device can be provided with a quick installation and disassembly structure.

[0060] In the shown embodiment, the second dust removal device 43 includes a second conveying mechanism 431, a second cover 432, and a second opening and closing mechanism 433. The second cover 432 is movably installed at the second dust discharge port 416 to open or close the second dust discharge port 416. The movable manner of the second cover 432 can be pivoting or translation. In the shown embodiment, the second cover 432 is installed at the second dust discharge port 416 through a pivot shaft, and the second opening and closing mechanism 433 is connected to the second cover 432 and controls the pivoting of the second cover 432. As Figure 5 shown, in one embodiment, the second opening and closing mechanism 433 includes a second push rod motor 4331 and a second connecting rod 4332, wherein the second push rod motor 4331 is hinged on the rear door plate 411 of the rear door 41, and one end of the second connecting rod 4332 is hinged to the second push rod motor 4331, and the other end is connected to the second cover 432. Alternatively, the second push rod motor can be replaced by other linear motion mechanisms that can be controlled to perform linear motion. The connecting rod helps to press the second cover against the second dust discharge port to prevent dust leakage. In an embodiment (not shown), the second cover 432 can also be manually controlled to open and close.

[0061] In the illustrated embodiment, the second conveying mechanism 431 is disposed in the mounting groove of the rear door 41 corresponding to the positive pressure chamber 26. The conveying start end of the second conveying mechanism 431 is away from the second dust discharge port 416, while the conveying end of the second conveying mechanism 431 points to or is close to the second dust discharge port 416, so as to convey the dust towards the second dust discharge port 416 and discharge it. As shown in the figure, the second conveying mechanism 431 includes a second driving mechanism 4311 mounted on the rear door 41, a second rotating shaft 4312 connected to the second driving mechanism 4311, and a third spiral pushing blade 4313 spirally extending on the outer periphery of the second rotating shaft 4312. The spiral direction of the third spiral pushing blade 4313 is designed to be able to push the dust towards the second dust discharge port 416. In one embodiment, the second dust discharge port 416 is formed on one side of the upper region of the rear door panel 411, and the third spiral pushing blade 4313 can push the dust from one side of the rear door to the other side to be discharged from the second dust discharge port. According to an embodiment of the present invention, the second conveying mechanism 431 has a conveying start end on one side of the rear door 41 and a conveying end on the opposite side of the rear door.

[0062] In an embodiment not shown, the second controlled dust discharge device may further include another set of conveying mechanisms that form an angle (such as 90 degrees) with the second conveying mechanism. This another set of conveying mechanisms can extend from the inside of the positive pressure chamber 26 of the box body 2 to the conveying start end of the second conveying mechanism. This another set of conveying mechanisms is similarly provided with a driving mechanism, a rotating shaft, and a spiral pushing blade for pushing the dust in the positive pressure chamber to the start end of the second conveying mechanism, and then the second conveying mechanism pushes the dust to the second dust discharge port.

[0063] In one embodiment, the second driving mechanism 4311 is connected to the hydraulic pipeline 44 and controlled by hydraulic pressure. Such a second driving mechanism 4311 can be a hydraulic motor. The second driving mechanism 4311 is controlled to start or stop the rotation of the second rotating shaft 4312, so as to control the third spiral pushing blade 4313 to discharge dust or stop discharging dust towards the second dust discharge port 416.

[0064] As Figure 5 shown, in one embodiment, a partition 417 is connected between the two left and right opposite side plates 412. The partition 417 divides the mounting groove of the rear door 41 into an upper groove and a lower groove. The first conveying mechanism 421 can be installed in the lower groove, while the second conveying mechanism can be installed in the upper groove. The partition 417 is installed corresponding to the position of the baffle 29. When the rear door 41 is closed, the partition 417 can be hermetically engaged or abutted against the baffle 29 to prevent the positive pressure chamber and the negative pressure chamber from communicating. In addition, the two separated grooves also facilitate the installation and control of the two conveying mechanisms respectively.

[0065] As Figure 5As shown, in one embodiment, a partition 414 is connected between two vertically opposite side plates 412, and a space for installing a first driving mechanism 4211 and a second driving mechanism 4311 is formed between the partition 414 and one side plate 412. This helps with the routing and connection of the hydraulic pipeline 44 to the two driving mechanisms. The hydraulic pipeline 44 may be provided with control valves to achieve synchronous or independent control of the first driving mechanism and the second driving mechanism.

[0066] In one embodiment, a second dust exhaust pipe may be sleeved on the second dust exhaust port 416, and the dust can move along the second dust exhaust pipe after being discharged through the second dust exhaust port. The second dust exhaust pipe may be connected to a collection device such as a collection bag. The collection device may be detachably connected to the second dust exhaust pipe. The collection device may also be self-sealing. At least one of the second dust exhaust pipe and the collection device may be provided with a quick installation and removal structure.

[0067] In the illustrated embodiment, to facilitate the control of the dust exhaust operations of the first dust exhaust device 42 and the second dust exhaust device 43, an observation window 45 may be provided on the rear door 41. The observation window 45 may be provided with an observation opening 451 that is either through or has a transparent shield, and a lid 452 that can move to open or close the observation opening 451. The movement mode of the lid 452 may be translational or pivoting. The lid 452 may be manually opened and closed or controlled to open and close through a motion control mechanism. The figure shows the observation window installed in the lower area of the rear door corresponding to the negative pressure chamber, but those skilled in the art will understand that the observation window may also be provided in the upper area of the rear door corresponding to the positive pressure chamber, or observation windows may be provided in both the upper area and the lower area.

[0068] According to the dust collection and suction truck of the present invention, the controlled dust discharging device operates in a controllable manner within the closed compartment. Multiple controlled dust discharging devices can be independently controlled or synchronously controlled. The first conveying mechanism 421 and the second conveying mechanism 431 each send dust to the first dust discharging port and the second dust discharging port, and independently control the opening of the first cover 422 and the second cover 432 to perform the dust discharging operation. The dust is discharged and collected through the first dust discharging port and the second dust discharging port, which can effectively prevent the dust in the compartment 2 from being disorderly discharged into the atmosphere to cause dust pollution. The collected dust can also be used for other purposes, such as being used as raw materials for firing pottery. In some embodiments, a linkage mechanism can be provided between the first conveying mechanism 421 and the first cover 422. For example, in one embodiment, the linkage mechanism is configured to lock the first conveying mechanism 421 when the first cover 422 is closed, such as closing the driving mechanism of the first conveying mechanism, so that the first conveying mechanism 421 cannot be controlled to start. When the first cover 422 is opened, the linkage mechanism unlocks the first conveying mechanism 421, such as unlocking the driving mechanism of the first conveying mechanism, so that it can be controlled to start. In other embodiments, a similar linkage mechanism can be provided between the second conveying mechanism 431 and the second cover 432. The linkage mechanism can prevent misoperation of the conveying mechanism when the cover is closed, ensuring the safe progress of the dust discharging operation. The rear door assembly integrated with the controlled dust discharging device can achieve flexible operation of the dust collection and suction truck. It is possible to choose not to turn on the controlled dust discharging device. At this time, the rear door is flipped open to unload the dust from the carriage. It is also possible to choose to turn on the controlled dust discharging device to enable the dust to be discharged and collected in an orderly manner, effectively avoiding environmental damage such as dust pollution.

[0069] In this document, multiple embodiments of the present invention are described. However, for the sake of brevity, the description of each embodiment is not exhaustive, and the same or similar features or parts between the various embodiments may be omitted. In this document, "one embodiment", "some embodiments", "example", "specific example", or "some examples" mean applicable to at least one embodiment or example according to the present invention, rather than all embodiments. And the above terms do not necessarily mean referring to the same embodiment or example. Moreover, the specific features, structures, materials, or characteristics of each embodiment can be combined in a suitable manner in any one or more embodiments or examples. In addition, without contradiction, those skilled in the art can combine and combine the different embodiments or examples described in this specification and the features of different embodiments or examples.

[0070] In this document, the terms "comprising", "including" or variations thereof are intended to be inclusive, not exclusive, such that a process, method, product or apparatus that includes a series of elements may include those elements and may further include other elements not expressly listed. For purposes of disclosure and unless otherwise specified, "a" means "one or more". With respect to the terms "comprising" or "comprised of" as used in this specification and the claims, they will be non-exhaustive, somewhat similar to "including", in that those terms are explanatory when used as transitional connectives.

[0071] Exemplary systems and methods of the present invention have been specifically shown and described with reference to the above embodiments, which are only examples of the best mode for implementing the systems and methods. Those skilled in the art will understand that various changes may be made to the embodiments of the systems and methods described herein when implementing the systems and / or methods without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention as defined in the appended claims. The appended claims are intended to define the scope of the systems and methods, and thus systems and methods that fall within these claims and their equivalents may be covered. The above description of the systems and methods should be understood to include the combination of all new and non-obvious elements described herein, and there may be claims in this application or subsequent applications that cover any combination of new and non-obvious elements. In addition, the above embodiments are exemplary, and no single feature or element is essential in all possible combinations that may be claimed in this application or subsequent applications.

Claims

1. A dust collection and suction truck, characterized in that, it includes: A cleaning and suction device, including a blowing port, a cleaning brush and a suction port; a box body that defines a negative pressure chamber and a positive pressure chamber, the negative pressure chamber is communicated with the cleaning and suction device, and the collection space of the box body is separated by a baffle into the negative pressure chamber located below and the positive pressure chamber located above; A suction pipe, one end of the suction pipe extends into the negative pressure chamber, and the other end is connected to the cleaning and suction device, wherein the suction port is communicated with the negative pressure chamber through the suction pipe; A centrifugal fan type negative pressure source, having an air inlet communicated with the negative pressure chamber and a first air outlet communicated with the positive pressure chamber. Among them, the negative pressure chamber realizes the first rough separation of air and dust through pressure expansion, and the negative pressure source realizes the second fine separation of air and dust through centrifugal force, so as to throw the dust after the second separation into the positive pressure chamber, and make the gas after the second separation enter the blowing port of the cleaning and suction device along the air duct; A rear door connected to the box body, the rear door is formed with at least one dust discharge port, wherein the at least one dust discharge port includes a first dust discharge port in the lower area of the rear door and a second dust discharge port in the upper area of the rear door; and At least one controlled dust discharge device installed corresponding to the at least one dust discharge port on the rear door, wherein the at least one controlled dust discharge device includes: A controlled conveying mechanism, which has a conveying start end and a conveying end close to the corresponding dust discharge port and a cover that is openably and closably installed on the corresponding dust discharge port; Among them, the at least one controlled dust discharge device further includes: At least one first controlled dust discharge device installed corresponding to the first dust discharge port in the lower area of the rear door, and at least one second controlled dust discharge device installed corresponding to the second dust discharge port in the upper area of the rear door; Among them, the conveying mechanism of the first controlled dust discharge device includes: a first driving mechanism installed in the lower area of the rear door, a first rotating shaft connected to the first driving mechanism, and a pair of spiral pushing blades oppositely and reversely connected to the first rotating shaft, wherein the first dust discharge port is arranged in the middle of the rear door; Among them, the conveying mechanism of the second controlled dust discharge device includes: a second driving mechanism installed in the upper area of the rear door, a second rotating shaft connected to the second driving mechanism, and a spiral pushing blade connected to the second rotating shaft and continuously spirally extending from one end of the second rotating shaft to the other end to approach the second dust discharge port, wherein the second dust discharge port is arranged on one side of the rear door.

2. The dust collection and suction truck according to claim 1, characterized in that, The dust collection and suction truck further includes an air purification device installed on the box body and in fluid communication with the negative pressure source to suck air.

3. The dust collection and suction truck according to claim 1, characterized in that, At least one of the cover of the first controlled dust discharge device and the cover of the second controlled dust discharge device is pivotally installed on the rear door and connected to an opening and closing mechanism.

4. The dust collection and suction truck according to claim 3, characterized in that, The opening and closing mechanism includes: a controlled linear motion mechanism mounted to the rear door; and a connecting rod hinged to the linear motion mechanism and connected to a corresponding cover.

5. The dust collection and suction vehicle according to claim 1, wherein, the rear door includes a rear door panel forming an upper groove, a lower groove, and a partition between the upper groove and the lower groove, the conveying mechanism of the first controlled dust discharging device is installed in the lower groove, and the conveying mechanism of the second controlled dust discharging device is installed in the upper groove.

6. The dust collection and suction vehicle according to claim 1 or 2, wherein, an end of the box body away from the rear door can be lifted, the rear door is pivotally mounted on the box body and can jointly define a discharge port with the box body.

7. The dust collection and suction vehicle according to any one of claims 1 or 2, wherein, the rear door is provided with an observation window for observing the interior of the box body, and the observation window includes an observation opening and a lid that is openably and closably mounted to the observation opening.

8. The dust collection and suction vehicle according to claim 1 or 2, wherein, the at least one dust discharge port is connected with a dust discharge pipe.

9. The dust collection and suction vehicle according to any one of claims 1 or 2, wherein, the negative pressure source has a second air outlet communicated with the purging port.

10. The dust collection and suction vehicle according to claim 9, wherein, the box body has an exhaust port communicating the positive pressure chamber with the atmosphere, and the dust collection and suction vehicle is configured such that the exhaust volume of the exhaust port of the box body accounts for 10% - 30% of the intake volume of the suction port of the cleaning and suction device and the intake volume of the air purification device.

11. The dust collection and suction vehicle according to claim 1 or 2, wherein, the air purification device includes: a housing connected to the box body and defining an air duct therein, a first end of the air duct is communicated with the atmosphere, and a second end of the air duct is fluidly communicated with the negative pressure chamber of the box body; and a purification mechanism arranged in the housing between the first end and the second end of the air duct, and the purification mechanism horizontally fills the air duct.

12. The dust collection and suction vehicle according to claim 11, wherein, the air purification device further includes a rain-proof mechanism provided on the housing at the first end of the air duct, and the rain-proof mechanism defines an inlet fluidly communicated with the air duct.

13. The dust collection and suction vehicle according to claim 11, wherein, the purification mechanism includes: a primary filter screen horizontally filling the air duct; and a secondary filter screen arranged on a side of the primary filter screen facing the second end of the air duct and horizontally filling the air duct, and the secondary filter screen is a HEPA high-efficiency filter screen suitable for filtering PM2.5 particles.

14. The dust collection and suction vehicle according to claim 11, wherein, a connecting pipe is connected between the housing and the negative pressure chamber, and the air duct is communicated with the negative pressure chamber through the connecting pipe.

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