A dynamic evaluation and control method for ecological restoration benefits of engineering disturbed slopes in mountainous areas

Abstract

The present invention discloses a method for dynamic evaluation and regulation of the benefits of ecological restoration of engineering disturbed slopes in alpine areas, constructs a dynamic evaluation system for the benefits of ecological restoration of engineering disturbed slopes in alpine areas; formulates a reasonable regulation scheme based on the evaluation results; and implements regulation to solve real-time problems in the ecological restoration of target slopes. The evaluation system includes: establishing a hierarchical model for slope ecological restoration evaluation, formulating preferred evaluation index weights and index evaluation standards, and making a comprehensive evaluation of the benefits of slope ecological restoration based on these. After cyclic evaluation and regulation, the optimization of the slope ecosystem is achieved. The present invention fully considers the differences and regional characteristics of alpine areas, provides real-time quantitative and qualitative evaluations and scientific regulation schemes for the benefits of ecological restoration of engineering disturbed slopes in alpine areas, and is conducive to improving the scientific theory of vegetation restoration technology for engineering disturbed slopes.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the field of slope ecological restoration, and in particular to a method for dynamically evaluating and regulating the benefits of ecological restoration of engineering disturbed slopes in mountainous areas. Background Art

[0002] Southwest China, including the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau, Yunnan-Guizhou Plateau and other mountainous areas, is rich in hydropower resources, creating favorable conditions for comprehensive development such as hydropower projects. However, as a key ecologically fragile area, a large number of engineering disturbances will destroy the original slope ecosystem, such as soil erosion, vegetation degradation, soil and water conservation and stability decline. Unlike earthquake landslides, which are part of the self-regulation of mountains and can promote the evolution of slope topography, engineering construction will leave permanent trauma to the slope ecosystem in mountainous areas. The ecological restoration of engineering disturbed slopes is to take the degraded slope ecosystem as the object, and on the basis of diagnosing the damage mechanism, repair its function and structure, and finally make it reach a self-sustaining state. This technology provides new ideas and new opportunities for slope reinforcement and vegetation protection, and is still at the forefront of theoretical research. In view of the different characteristics of steep terrain, severe cold climate and low biological production in mountainous areas, how to make a reasonable evaluation of the main factors affecting slope ecological restoration, timely implement artificial regulation of the damaged ecosystem, ensure the recovery effect in the slope restoration process, and optimize the system structure and function are urgent problems to be solved.

[0003] The evaluation of ecological restoration of engineering disturbed slopes is relatively complex, and there is a wide range of debates on how to propose an objective framework and better measure it quantitatively. Some scholars have defined the objective framework as including goals and methods, and most researchers have proposed that the framework should not only involve ecology, but also include the impact of climate change and socio-economic environment. The purpose of ecological restoration of engineering disturbed slopes is to repair multiple aspects of the damaged ecosystem, including its composition, structure and function. On this basis, many evaluation methods for slope ecological restoration have been proposed, such as empirical evaluation, long-term monitoring, conceptual framework, characteristic index analysis, etc. The latter two methods belong to the indicator evaluation methods that select objective facts. It is pointed out in the relevant literature on slope ecological restoration evaluation that although the descriptions of these methods are reasonable, they have not been systematically tested in the evaluation of specific artificial restoration technologies. Existing studies have integrated key indicators from a large amount of basic data, and selected objective indicators from them based on the fuzzy AHP model to quantitatively evaluate the slope, which comprehensively reflects the ecological restoration effect. In contrast, empirical methods require less empirical statistical relationship data, but do not consider socio-economic environment and other impacts. Long-term monitoring of the recovery period is widely used in the evaluation of ecological restoration of engineering disturbances. This method requires a lot of time and is often limited to limited slope ecological evaluation. However, slope ecological restoration is a complex and comprehensive project, and a scientific and reasonable evaluation system needs to be considered from multiple aspects and levels.

[0004] Artificial regulation refers to the measures taken by humans to repair and improve damaged ecosystems using ecological engineering under the guidance of the principle of co-creation with nature. It plays a huge role in improving the productivity of ecosystems and meeting the growing needs of humans. At present, the main ways of artificial regulation of slope ecology include biological regulation and system structure regulation, both of which use foreign soil spraying and the introduction of alien species to regulate native slopes. Although the treatment speed is fast, it promotes the species richness and diversity in the sample plot, and the plant coverage effect is intuitive, but it does not deeply consider the soil and rock background of the target treatment area, which is easy to cause vegetation degradation, low sustainability, biological invasion and other disadvantages. In terms of slope ecosystems, how to combine multiple artificial controls, natural and artificial controls, and achieve a virtuous cycle of slope ecosystems through natural mechanisms still needs further research.

[0005] Therefore, in view of the differences and regional characteristics of alpine areas, a set of effective dynamic evaluation and regulation methods for slope ecological restoration benefits should be established to quantitatively assess the impact of ecological restoration of engineering disturbed slopes, bridge the gap between scientific knowledge and actual needs, and provide scientific theoretical support for vegetation restoration of engineering disturbed slopes in alpine areas. This has important scientific significance for implementing the national carbon neutral ecological civilization strategic layout. Summary of the invention

[0006] The purpose of the present invention is to propose a method for dynamic evaluation and regulation of the benefits of ecological restoration of engineering disturbed slopes in mountainous areas. By establishing a simplified framework, a real-time quantitative evaluation of the ecological restoration of engineering disturbed slopes in mountainous areas is carried out, so as to optimize and adjust the subsequent regulation schemes in a targeted manner until the regulation effect of the slope ecological restoration project reaches the expected level.

[0007] In order to achieve the above technical features, the purpose of the present invention is achieved as follows: a method for dynamic evaluation and regulation of ecological restoration benefits of engineering disturbance slopes in mountainous areas, comprising the following steps:

[0008] Step 1: Construct a dynamic evaluation system for the benefits of ecological restoration of engineering disturbed slopes in alpine areas: determine the indicators of the criterion layer and the indicator layer, and establish a four-level standard for the dynamic evaluation of the benefits of ecological restoration of engineering disturbed slopes in alpine areas, namely: Level I, Level II, Level III and Level IV;

[0009] Step 2: Based on the on-site monitoring and indoor test data of the target slope ecological restoration project, the evaluation system established in step 1 is used to evaluate the target slope ecological restoration project, and the evaluation results of each indicator layer are recorded as C xy (x, y = 1, 2, ..., n), and record the evaluation results of each indicator in the criterion layer as B xy (x, y=1,2,…,n), and record the final evaluation result as A x (x=1,2,…,n), according to the benefit evaluation standard established in step 1, the evaluation result A can be obtained x (x=1, 2, ..., n);

[0010] A x represents the final evaluation result of the target slope ecological restoration benefit when the evaluation system established in step 1 is used for the xth time, B xy represents the evaluation result of the yth criterion layer indicator when the evaluation system established in step 1 is used to evaluate the ecological restoration benefits of the target slope for the xth time, C xy It represents the evaluation result of the yth indicator layer when the evaluation system established in step 1 is used to evaluate the ecological restoration benefits of the target slope for the xth time. x represents the number of times the evaluation system established in step 1 is used to evaluate the ecological restoration benefits of the target slope. y represents the number of indicators in the criterion layer and the target layer.

[0011] Step 3: If the evaluation result is A x (x=1,2,…,n) If the expected goal is not achieved, then the evaluation result B of the criterion layer index is combined xy (x, y = 1, 2, ..., n) and the actual situation of the target slope ecological restoration project, and analyze the real-time problems of the target slope ecological restoration project;

[0012] Step 4: Determine the problems found in step 3 and select control methods: If one or more combinations of existing control technologies can solve the problems found in step 3, then adopt one or more combinations of existing control technologies; If one or more combinations of existing control technologies cannot solve the problems found in step 3, then develop several new control technologies for the problems found in step 3 and ensure that the new control technologies are feasible;

[0013] Step 5: Develop a control plan based on the control method selected in step 4;

[0014] Step 6: Implement the control plan formulated in step 5 for the target slope ecological restoration project;

[0015] Step 7: Based on the on-site monitoring and indoor test data of the target slope ecological restoration project, the evaluation system established in step 1 is used to evaluate the ecological restoration benefits of the target slope after regulation, and the evaluation results of each indicator of the target layer are recorded as C x+1y (x, y = 1, 2, ..., n), the evaluation results of each indicator in the criterion layer are recorded as B x+1y (x, y = 1, 2, ..., n), and record the final evaluation result as A x+1 (x=1,2,…, n), according to the benefit evaluation standard established in step 1, the evaluation result A can be obtained x+1 (x=1, 2, ..., n);

[0016] Step 8: Place A x+1 (x=1,2,…,n) is compared with the expected target. If A x+1 (x=1, 2,…,n) reaches the expected goal, then there is no need to continue to regulate the target slope ecological restoration project; if A x+1 (x=1, 2, ..., n) If the expected target is not achieved, it is necessary to formulate a subsequent control plan and optimize it, and implement the optimized control plan; the above steps of formulating a subsequent control plan and optimizing it, and implementing the optimized control plan are performed at least once until the final evaluation result achieves the expected target.

[0017] In step 1, the method for constructing a dynamic evaluation system for the ecological restoration benefits of engineering disturbance slopes in mountainous areas is:

[0018] Step 1-1: Establish a hierarchical model of evaluation indicators for ecological restoration benefits of engineering-disturbed slopes in alpine areas;

[0019] Step 1-2: Determine the weights of the evaluation indicators at the criterion level and indicator level selected in step 1-1;

[0020] Step 1-3: Establish an evaluation standard for the evaluation of the ecological restoration benefits of engineering disturbance slopes in mountainous areas;

[0021] Step 1-4: Comprehensive evaluation of the benefits of ecological restoration of engineering-disturbed slopes in alpine areas.

[0022] The specific operation of step 1-1 is: taking topography, erosivity, soil quality, and vegetation status as the criterion layer indicators of the evaluation system, and determining the indicator layer indicators based on the regional, scientific, systematic, and operable principles of screening the ecological restoration benefit evaluation indicators of engineering disturbance slopes in mountainous areas;

[0023] The hierarchical structure model of the evaluation index system for the ecological restoration benefits of engineering disturbance slopes in alpine areas is divided into three levels, namely, target layer A, quasi-measurement layer B and index layer C, among which:

[0024] Target level A represents the highest level of the hierarchy and reflects the comprehensive evaluation index of ecological restoration benefits;

[0025] Criterion level B represents the main system level of ecological restoration benefits, reflecting the level of ecological restoration benefits of engineering disturbance slopes in mountainous areas from different aspects, including topography B1, erosion B2, soil quality B3, and vegetation status B4;

[0026] Index layer C is the basic hierarchical structure, including altitude C1, slope C2, slope surface C3, soil erosion C4, soil erosion rate C5, underground runoff C6, soil pH C7, nitrate nitrogen C8, available phosphorus C9, available potassium C10, relative chlorophyll content C11, specific leaf area C12, aboveground biomass C13, underground biomass C14, vegetation coverage C15, alien species coverage C16, species diversity C17, which directly reflects the ecological restoration benefits of engineering disturbance slopes in mountainous areas;

[0027] The corresponding evaluation factor set for each level is expressed as: B1 = {C1, C2, C3}; B2 = {C4, C5, C6}; B3 = {C7, C8, C9, C10}; B4 = {C11, C12, C13, C14, C15, C16, C17}; A1 = {B1, B2, B3, B4}.

[0028] The specific operation of step 1-2 is as follows: starting from the indicator layer in the hierarchical structure model of the ecological restoration benefit evaluation of engineering disturbance slopes in alpine areas, the indicator weights are selected by multiple experts according to the Delphi principle through the expert survey weight method, and the importance of the basic indicators of the criterion layer is scaled and analyzed by using two indicators, and the weight values ​​of the indicators of each indicator layer are obtained, and normalized; after the consistency test, the weight set of the indicator layer corresponding to the criterion layer is obtained, which is expressed as: W B1 = {W C1 , W C2 , W C3}; WB2 = {W C4 , W C5 , W C6}; W B3 = {W C7 , W C8 , W C9 , W.C. 10}; W B4 = {W C11 , W C12 , W C13 , W C14 , W C15 , W C16 , W C17};

[0029] Starting from the criterion layer in the hierarchical model of ecological restoration effect evaluation of engineering disturbance slopes in alpine areas, the weight of indicators was selected by multiple experts through the expert survey weight method according to the Delphi principle, and the importance of the basic indicators of the target layer was scaled and analyzed using pairwise indicators to obtain the weight value of the indicators of each criterion layer, and normalized. After the consistency test, the weight set of the criterion layer corresponding to the target layer was obtained, which is expressed as: W A1 = {W B1 , W B2 , W B3 , W B4};

[0030] The weight of the indicator layer relative to the criterion layer is multiplied by the weight of the criterion layer relative to the target layer to obtain the weight of each evaluation indicator in the evaluation of the ecological restoration benefits of engineering disturbed slopes in mountainous areas, and a hierarchical total ranking list is established.

[0031] The specific operation of steps 1-3 is: according to the gap between the original damaged state of the engineering disturbance slope ecosystem in the mountainous area and the restoration target, the evaluation criteria of each restoration benefit evaluation index are divided into three levels, among which:

[0032] Level 1 standard: refers to the expected or exceeded target restoration status of each evaluation indicator, with an evaluation value of 1.0;

[0033] Secondary standard: refers to the restoration target process status of each evaluation indicator, and the evaluation value is 0.5;

[0034] Level 3 standard: refers to the unrepaired state of each evaluation indicator, and the evaluation value is 0;

[0035] Based on this, the indicator monitoring values ​​are statistically analyzed, and combined with APH analysis and expert judgment method, the evaluation value of the restoration benefit evaluation index is determined and expressed in points.

[0036] The specific operation of steps 1-4 is: according to the indicator weights of step 1-2 and the standardized evaluation values ​​of the indicators of step 1-3, the ecological restoration quality index and evaluation of the slope after restoration are obtained:

[0037] Comprehensive evaluation standard of ecological restoration benefits: The ecological restoration quality index of engineering disturbed slopes is divided into four grades from 0 to 100: Grade I: excellent restoration effect; Grade II: good restoration effect; Grade III: average restoration effect; Grade IV: poor restoration effect, among which:

[0038] Grade I: Excellent restoration effect: At this time, SERQI>80, indicating that the structure and functionality of the slope ecosystem disturbed by engineering in the alpine area are complete and unified; the slope ecology has achieved the effect of natural succession and is integrated with the surrounding natural environment;

[0039] Level II: Good restoration effect: At this time, 60<SERQI≤80, indicating that the structure and functionality of the ecosystem of the engineering-disturbed slopes in the alpine area are basically intact, and the ecological landscape effect is average. It is necessary to strengthen manual monitoring and improve maintenance standards;

[0040] Level III: General restoration effect: At this time, 40<SERQI≤60, indicating that some functions of the ecological system of the slope disturbed by engineering in the alpine area have not been restored, and a small number of evaluation standards have not reached the restoration target. It is necessary to further eliminate the impact caused by engineering disturbance and formulate appropriate control plans;

[0041] Level IV: Poor restoration effect: At this time, SERQI≤40, indicating that the ecosystem on the slope disturbed by engineering in the mountainous area is still in its original damaged state, some lost ecological functions have not been effectively restored, and most indicators have failed to reach the restoration goal of the ecosystem. It is necessary to eliminate a large number of impacts caused by engineering disturbances and formulate high-intensity control plans.

[0042] The specific calculation formula of the ecological restoration quality index SERQI of engineering disturbance slope is:

[0043]

[0044] Where: SI is the evaluation value of the index layer; W is the total ranking of the weights of each slope index in the index layer; n is the total number of slope indexes in the index layer; x is a single slope index in the index layer;

[0045] Complete the construction of a dynamic evaluation system for the ecological restoration benefits of engineering disturbed slopes in mountainous areas.

[0046] In step 8, when A x+1 (x=1,2,…,n) When the expected target is not achieved, the method for formulating subsequent control plans and optimizing them is as follows:

[0047] Step 8-1: Repeat steps 3 to 5 to formulate subsequent control plans;

[0048] Step 8-2: Place A x+1 (x=1, 2, ..., n), B x+1y (x, y = 1, 2, ..., n), C x+1y (x,y = 1, 2, ..., n) and A x (x=1, 2, ..., n), B xy (x, y = 1, 2, ..., n), C xy (x, y = 1, 2, ..., n) are compared and analyzed respectively, and the implementation effect of the previous control plan is compared and evaluated, and the subsequent control plan formulated in step 8-1 is optimized accordingly.

[0049] The control scheme in step 8 includes:

[0050] Soil fertility regulation: by preparing a slow-release blended fertilizer made from a mixture of early, mid-term and late-term fertilizers, better ensure that vegetation gets the necessary fertilizer nutrients throughout the growth cycle; by preparing an antifreeze-type ecological slope protection base material made from a uniform mixture of vegetation soil, cement, humus, concrete greening additives, silicon powder and palm fiber, a vegetation habitat with a reasonable structure, good water erosion resistance and frost resistance, and high fertilizer efficiency is created to repair the damaged slope vegetation in mountainous areas;

[0051] Slope irrigation control: by preparing a hydraulically driven sprinkler system composed of multiple sprinkler units, the effect of full coverage of concave and convex slopes can be achieved; by preparing a slope sprinkler system with adjustable nozzle height and nozzle water jet angle, it is evenly distributed in the center of four adjacent frame beams to meet the overall irrigation of the slope and adapt to various working conditions of the frame beam slope;

[0052] Slope and vegetation stability control: By setting up protective layers, bonding plates and planting troughs on the steep rock slope surface, and setting up anchor rods, anchor heads, anchor cables, water pipes and water storage chambers inside the rock mass, a rocky steep slope habitat construction and vegetation water supply system is provided, which can prevent geological disasters, repair vegetation on the steep rock slope surface, and maintain slope vegetation irrigation;

[0053] By recording the damage of the vegetation in the simulation model and the corresponding rainfall and wind load simulation information, and comparing them with the natural rainfall and wind load information on site, the stability of the slope vegetation is analyzed and evaluated, providing a decision-making basis for the artificial regulation of the slope vegetation in the field, thereby reducing instability and damage disasters.

[0054] Beneficial effects of the present invention:

[0055] 1. Based on the theories of APH analysis and expert judgment method, and combined with the literature, this paper proposes a dynamic evaluation system for the benefits of ecological restoration of engineering disturbed slopes in mountainous areas. It comprehensively selects topography, erosion, soil quality, and vegetation conditions as criterion layer indicators, objectively and comprehensively selects representative indicators of the indicator layer, and carries out quality evaluation of ecological restoration of engineering disturbed slopes. It fully considers the differences and regional characteristics of mountainous areas, provides a scientific basis for the benefit evaluation of ecological restoration of engineering disturbed slopes, and provides guidance for further improving ecological restoration construction and environmental protection in mountainous areas.

[0056] 2. After making a scientific and effective evaluation of the ecological restoration of the target slope, the present invention solves the real-time problems in the evaluation of the benefits of ecological restoration of the target slope by formulating a reasonable control plan or developing new control technologies. The evaluation results after control are significantly improved compared with those before control, which is consistent with the actual project, indicating that the constructed evaluation index system has good applicability. Through cyclic evaluation and control, not only the phased effectiveness of the control measures is judged, but also an important guiding role is played in the selection and implementation of subsequent control measures.

[0057] 3. The present invention provides real-time quantitative and qualitative feedback on the benefits of ecological restoration of engineering-disturbed slopes in mountainous areas, and optimizes and adjusts subsequent control plans in a targeted manner until the control results of the slope ecological restoration project reach the expected level, which is beneficial to enhancing the role of slope ecosystems in the carbon neutrality process and is beneficial to the sustainable development of ecological civilization construction. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0058] The present invention will be further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiments.

[0059] Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the dynamic evaluation system for ecological restoration benefits of engineering disturbed slopes in mountainous areas. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0060] The embodiments of the present invention are further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.

[0061] Example 1: Take the rock slope ecological restoration project of Tibet DG Hydropower Station as an example for explanation.

[0062] 1. Project Overview:

[0063] This project is located in the DG Hydropower Station in Tibet, in the transition zone on the southeastern edge of the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau. It belongs to the middle reaches of the Yarlung Zangbo River. The topography and geomorphology are typical mountains and river valleys in the study area. The regional climate belongs to the plateau temperate monsoon semi-humid climate zone, with little rainfall and drought in winter and abundant precipitation in summer. According to meteorological statistics, the local annual average temperature, precipitation, evaporation and relative humidity are 9.2℃, 540.5mm, 2084.1mm and 51% respectively. The maximum permafrost depth for many years is about 19cm. The main soil types in the project area are grassland soil, aeolian soil, coarse bone soil, etc., among which grassland soil is the main component of the soil in the project area. The selected rock slope is a square area with a slope of about 30°, a length of about 20m, a slant height of about 20m, and a total area of ​​about 400m 2 The project started on May 23, 2018 and was completed on August 29, 2018. Two years after the implementation of the rock slope ecological restoration project of the Tibet DG Hydropower Station, the slope biological community species were single and the vegetation growth was degraded.

[0064] 2. Engineering measures:

[0065] A method for dynamic evaluation and regulation of ecological restoration benefits of engineering disturbed slopes in mountainous areas, the method comprising the following steps:

[0066] Step 1: Construct a dynamic evaluation system for the benefits of ecological restoration of engineering disturbed slopes in alpine areas: determine the indicators of the criterion layer and the indicator layer, and establish a four-level standard for the dynamic evaluation of the benefits of ecological restoration of engineering disturbed slopes in alpine areas, namely: Level I, Level II, Level III and Level IV;

[0067] Step 2: Based on the on-site monitoring and indoor test data of the target slope ecological restoration project, the evaluation system established in step 1 is used to evaluate the target slope ecological restoration project, and the evaluation results of each indicator layer are recorded as C 11 , C 12 ,…,C 117 , record the evaluation results of each indicator in the criterion layer as B 11 , B 12 , B 13 , B 14 , and record the final evaluation result as A 1 According to the benefit evaluation standard established in step 1, the evaluation result A can be obtained. 1 (SERQI)=49.33, Grade III: The repair effect is average.

[0068] Step 3: Evaluate the results A 1 Compared with the expected target level II, the expected target was not achieved. Combined with the evaluation results of the criterion level indicators B 11 , B 12 , B 13 , B14 As well as the actual conditions of the target slope ecological restoration project, the analysis showed that due to the influence of the local climate, the rock slope surface experienced repeated freezing and thawing, which affected the durability of the ecological slope protection substrate, leading to a single species in the biological community and the degradation of vegetation growth;

[0069] Step 4: Analyze the problems found in step 3 and select the control method. In response to the problems of the above-mentioned target slope, a "freeze-resistant ecological slope protection substrate" (Chinese patent number is 201310469088.7, and the authorization announcement number is CN103510488B) was developed. The method mainly includes the following contents: the substrate is uniformly mixed with vegetation soil, cement, humus, concrete greening additives, silicon powder and palm fiber, and the substrate has a freeze-thaw cycle resistance of ≥80 times. When the freeze-thaw cycle is 80 times, the mass loss rate is ≤15%, and the relative lateral excitation frequency is ≥77.5%. It can create a vegetation habitat with reasonable structure, good water erosion resistance and frost resistance, and high fertilizer efficiency for exposed rock slopes in mountainous areas to repair the damaged slope vegetation.

[0070] Step 5: Formulate a control plan based on the control method selected in step 4; use dry spraying to spray the antifreeze ecological slope protection base material on the rock slope surface, maintaining a thickness of 8 to 10 cm;

[0071] Step 6: Implement the control plan formulated in step 5 for the target slope ecological restoration project; use dry spraying to spray the antifreeze ecological slope protection base material directly on the rock slope surface through the spraying equipment, maintaining a thickness of 8 to 10 cm;

[0072] Step 7: After a one-year restoration period, conduct on-site monitoring and indoor testing of the target slope ecological restoration project in June 2021. Use the evaluation system established in step 1 to evaluate the ecological restoration benefits of the target slope after regulation, and record the evaluation results of each indicator of the target layer as C 21 , C 22 ,…,C 217 , the evaluation results of each indicator in the criterion layer are recorded as B 21 , B 22 , B 23 , B 24 , and record the final evaluation result as A 2 According to the benefit evaluation standard established in step 1, the evaluation result A can be obtained. 2 (SERQI) = 62.19, Grade II: good repair effect;

[0073] Step 8: Place A 2 Compared with the expected target, the restoration effect is good, and the evaluation result is A 2The expected goal has been achieved, and there is no need to continue to regulate the target slope ecological restoration project. The regulation effect is significant, as shown in Table 1.

[0074] Table 1 Evaluation results of rock slope ecological restoration before and after regulation

[0075]

[0076] Example 2: Construction of hardened slope ecological restoration project of Tibet DG Hydropower Station:

[0077] 1. Project Overview:

[0078] The project area of ​​this project is the same as that of Example 1. The selected construction hardening slope is a square area with a slope of about 35°, a length of about 41m, a height of about 12m, and a total area of ​​about 500m 2 The project started on May 23, 2018 and was completed on August 29, 2018. Two years after the implementation of the hardened slope ecological restoration project of the Tibet DG Hydropower Station, the content of nitrate nitrogen, available phosphorus and available potassium in some slope habitat substrates was low, and the vegetation was malnourished.

[0079] 2. Engineering measures:

[0080] A method for dynamic evaluation and regulation of ecological restoration benefits of engineering disturbed slopes in alpine areas, the method comprising the following steps: Step 1: Constructing a dynamic evaluation system for ecological restoration benefits of engineering disturbed slopes in alpine areas: Determine the indicators of the criterion layer and the indicator layer, and establish a four-level standard for dynamic evaluation of ecological restoration benefits of engineering disturbed slopes in alpine areas, which are: Level I: excellent restoration effect; Level II: good restoration effect; Level III: average restoration effect; Level IV: poor restoration effect;

[0081] Step 2: Based on the on-site monitoring and indoor test data of the target slope ecological restoration project, the evaluation system established in step 1 is used to evaluate the target slope ecological restoration project, and the evaluation results of each indicator layer are recorded as C 11 , C 12 ,…,C 117 , record the evaluation results of each indicator in the criterion layer as B 11 , B 12 , B 13 , B 14 , and record the final evaluation result as A 1 According to the benefit evaluation standard established in step 1, the evaluation result A can be obtained. 1 (SERQI) = 42.25, Grade III: general repair effect;

[0082] Step 3: Evaluate the results A 1Compared with the expected target level II, the expected target was not achieved. Combined with the evaluation results of the criterion level indicators B 11 , B 12 , B 13 , B 14 Based on the actual conditions of the target slope ecological restoration project, the analysis shows that the concrete cover of the hardened slope blocks the natural circulation of water, heat, air, fertilizer, etc., and the habitat substrate has insufficient fertility and poor fertility sustainability, which is extremely unfavorable to vegetation growth.

[0083] Step 4: Analyze the problems found in step 3 and select the control method. In response to the problems of the above-mentioned target slope, a "three-level slow-release blended fertilizer for slope protection plants and its preparation method" (Chinese patent number is CN201510392492.8, authorization announcement number is CN105036909A) was developed. The method mainly includes the following contents: The fertilizer is a mixture of early fertilizer, mid-term fertilizer and late fertilizer. Adding it to the habitat substrate can better ensure that the vegetation obtains the necessary fertilizer nutrients throughout the growth cycle, thereby achieving the purpose of activating the nutrients in the substrate.

[0084] Step 5: Based on the control method selected in step 4, formulate a control plan: mix 10-20 parts by weight of early fertilizer, 20-40 parts by weight of mid-term fertilizer, and 30-45 parts by weight of late fertilizer to prepare a three-stage slow-release blended fertilizer, and implement control by spraying the fertilizer on the slope surface at a dosage of 10g / m2.

[0085] Step 6: Implement the control plan formulated in step 5 for the target slope ecological restoration project: mix 10-20 parts by weight of early fertilizer, 20-40 parts by weight of mid-term fertilizer, and 30-45 parts by weight of late fertilizer to prepare a three-stage slow-release blended fertilizer, and implement control by spraying the fertilizer on the slope surface at a dosage of 10g / m2.

[0086] Step 7: After a one-year restoration period, conduct on-site monitoring and indoor testing of the target slope ecological restoration project in June 2021. Use the evaluation system established in step 1 to evaluate the ecological restoration benefits of the target slope after regulation, and record the evaluation results of each indicator of the target layer as C 21 , C 22 ,…,C 217 , the evaluation results of each indicator in the criterion layer are recorded as B 21 , B 22 , B 23 , B 24 , and record the final evaluation result as A 2 According to the benefit evaluation standard established in step 1, the evaluation result A can be obtained. 2 (SERQI) = 60.09, Grade II: good repair effect;

[0087] Step 8: Place A 2 Compared with the expected target, the restoration effect is good, and the evaluation result is A 2 The expected goal has been achieved, and there is no need to continue to regulate the target slope ecological restoration project. The regulation effect is significant, as shown in Table 2.

[0088] Table 2 Evaluation results of ecological restoration and control of hardened slopes before and after construction

[0089]

[0090] Example 3: Taking the soil-rock mixed slope ecological restoration project of Tibet DG Hydropower Station as an example:

[0091] 1. Project Overview: The project area of ​​this project is the same as that of Example 1. The selected soil-rock mixed slope is a square area with a slope of about 46°, a length of about 22m, a height of about 18m, and a total area of ​​about 400m 2 The project started on May 23, 2018 and was completed on August 29, 2018. Two years after the implementation of the soil-rock mixed slope ecological restoration project of the Tibet DG Hydropower Station, vegetation died and fell on the slope during the drought and little rain period.

[0092] 2. Engineering measures:

[0093] A method for dynamic evaluation and regulation of ecological restoration benefits of engineering disturbed slopes in alpine areas, the method comprising the following steps: Step 1: Constructing a dynamic evaluation system for ecological restoration benefits of engineering disturbed slopes in alpine areas: Determine the indicators of the criterion layer and the indicator layer, and establish a four-level standard for dynamic evaluation of ecological restoration benefits of engineering disturbed slopes in alpine areas, which are: Level I: excellent restoration effect; Level II: good restoration effect; Level III: average restoration effect; Level IV: poor restoration effect;

[0094] Step 2: Based on the on-site monitoring and indoor test data of the target slope ecological restoration project, the evaluation system established in step 1 is used to evaluate the target slope ecological restoration project, and the evaluation results of each indicator layer are recorded as C 11 , C 12 ,…,C 117 , record the evaluation results of each indicator in the criterion layer as B 11 , B 12 , B 13 , B 14 , and record the final evaluation result as A 1 According to the benefit evaluation standard established in step 1, the evaluation result A can be obtained. 1 (SERQI) = 56.76, grade III: general repair effect;

[0095] Step 3: Evaluate the results A 1Compared with the expected target level II, the expected target was not achieved. Combined with the evaluation results of the criterion level indicators B 11 , B 12 , B 13 , B 14 , the evaluation value is relative to the lowest result and the actual situation of the target slope ecological restoration project. It is analyzed that the soil-rock mixed slope is composed of two different materials, and the gap between soil and stone is large, which leads to strong water seepage capacity of the slope and weak water retention capacity. Improving the ability of the slope to accumulate natural rainwater is the key to improving the phenomenon of vegetation dieback and fall.

[0096] Step 4: Analyze the problems found in step 3 and select the control method. In response to the problems of the above-mentioned target slope, a "system and method for the construction of a rocky steep slope habitat and water supply for vegetation" (Chinese patent number is CN201911039370.5, and the authorization announcement number is CN110761303A) was developed. The method includes the following steps: Step 1: Clean the steep slope surface of the rock mass and make it as flat as possible; Step 2: Open a water conduit and a water storage cavity in the rock mass, install a support layer, a reinforcement layer and a filter cover plate to form a water storage and water conduit system; Step 3: Drill holes in the rock mass to form anchor holes, fix the anchor head to the anchor rod, and install the cast anchor rod in the anchor hole; Step 4: Lay a protective net on the steep slope surface of the rock mass, spray concrete, and completely embed the protective net in the concrete to form a protective layer; Step 5: Set up a bonding board and fit the bonding board to the protective layer; Step 6: Install and fix the planting trough, fill the planting trough with organic soil, and plant suitable plants. Step 5: Based on the control method selected in step 4, formulate a control plan: use the rock steep slope habitat construction and vegetation water supply method to implement control on the soil-rock mixed slope. Step 6: Implement the control plan formulated in step 5 for the target slope ecological restoration project: use the rock steep slope habitat construction and vegetation water supply method to implement control on the rock slope.

[0097] Step 7: After a one-year restoration period, conduct on-site monitoring and indoor tests on the ecological restoration project of the target slope in June 2021. Use the evaluation system established in step 1 to evaluate the ecological restoration benefits of the target slope after regulation. Record the evaluation results of each indicator of the target layer as C 21 , C 22 ,…,C 217 , the evaluation results of each indicator in the criterion layer are recorded as B 21 , B 22 , B 23 , B 24 , and record the final evaluation result as A 2 According to the benefit evaluation standard established in step 1, the evaluation result A can be obtained. 2(SERQI) = 67.34, belonging to level II: good restoration effect; Step 8: Compare A2 with the expected target level II: good restoration effect, and the evaluation result A2 reaches the expected target, and there is no need to continue to regulate the target slope ecological restoration project. The regulation effect is significant, as shown in Table 3.

[0098] Table 3 Evaluation results of soil-rock mixed slope ecological restoration before and after regulation

[0099]

[0100] In the above embodiments 1 to 3, in step 1, the method for constructing a dynamic evaluation system for the ecological restoration benefits of engineering disturbance slopes in mountainous areas is:

[0101] Step 1-1: Take topography, erosivity, soil quality, and vegetation status as the criterion layer indicators of the evaluation system, and determine the indicator layer indicators based on the regional, scientific, systematic, and operable principles of screening the evaluation indicators of ecological restoration benefits of engineering disturbance slopes in mountainous areas;

[0102] The hierarchical structure model of the evaluation index system for the ecological restoration benefits of engineering disturbance slopes in alpine areas is divided into three levels, namely, target layer A, quasi-measurement layer B and index layer C, among which:

[0103] Target level A represents the highest level of the hierarchy and reflects the comprehensive evaluation index of ecological restoration benefits;

[0104] Criterion level B represents the main system level of ecological restoration benefits, reflecting the level of ecological restoration benefits of engineering disturbance slopes in mountainous areas from different aspects, including topography B1, erosion B2, soil quality B3, and vegetation status B4;

[0105] Index layer C is the basic hierarchical structure, including altitude C1, slope C2, slope surface C3, soil erosion C4, soil erosion rate C5, underground runoff C6, soil pH C7, nitrate nitrogen C8, available phosphorus C9, available potassium C10, relative chlorophyll content C11, specific leaf area C12, aboveground biomass C13, underground biomass C14, vegetation coverage C15, alien species coverage C16, species diversity C17, which directly reflects the ecological restoration benefits of engineering disturbance slopes in mountainous areas;

[0106] The corresponding evaluation factor sets of each level are expressed as: B1 = {C1, C2, C3}; B2 = {C4, C5, C6}; B3 = {C7, C8, C9, C10}; B4 = {C11, C12, C13, C14, C15, C16, C17}; A1 = {B1, B2, B3, B4}.

[0107] The description of the above evaluation indicators is shown in Table 4:

[0108] Table 4 Evaluation indicators and explanations of the benefits of ecological restoration of engineering disturbed slopes

[0109]

[0110] Step 1-2: Determine the weights of the evaluation indicators at the criterion level and indicator level selected in step 1-1:

[0111] Starting from the indicator layer in the hierarchical structure model of ecological restoration benefit evaluation of engineering disturbance slopes in alpine areas, the indicator weights are selected by multiple experts based on the Delphi principle through expert survey weight method, and the importance of the basic indicators of the criterion layer is scaled by using pairwise indicators to calculate the weight values ​​of the indicators of each indicator layer, and normalized. After consistency test, the weight set of the indicator layer corresponding to the criterion layer is obtained, which is expressed as: W B1 = {W C1 , W C2 , W C3}; W B2 = {W C4 , W C5 , W C6}; W B3 = {W C7 , W C8 , W C9 , W.C. 10}; W B4 = {W C11 , W C12 , W C13 , W C14 , W C15};

[0112] Starting from the criterion layer in the hierarchical model of ecological restoration effect evaluation of engineering disturbance slopes in alpine areas, the weight of indicators was selected by multiple experts through the expert survey weight method according to the Delphi principle, and the importance of the basic indicators of the target layer was scaled and analyzed using pairwise indicators to obtain the weight value of the indicators of each criterion layer, and normalized. After the consistency test, the weight set of the criterion layer corresponding to the target layer was obtained, which is expressed as: W A1 = {W B1 , W B2 , W B3 , W B4};

[0113] The weight of the indicator layer relative to the criterion layer is multiplied by the weight of the criterion layer relative to the target layer to obtain the weight of each evaluation indicator in the evaluation of the ecological restoration benefits of engineering disturbance slopes in alpine areas, and a hierarchical total ranking list is established. As shown in Table 5:

[0114] Table 5 Weights of comprehensive quality evaluation indicators for ecological restoration benefits of engineering disturbance slopes in mountainous areas

[0115]

[0116] Step 1-3: Establish the index evaluation standard for the evaluation of the ecological restoration benefits of engineering disturbance slopes in mountainous areas:

[0117] According to the gap between the original damaged state of the slope ecosystem disturbed by engineering in alpine areas and the restoration target, the evaluation criteria of each restoration benefit evaluation index are divided into three levels, including:

[0118] Level 1 standard: refers to the expected or exceeded target restoration status of each evaluation indicator, with an evaluation value of 1.0;

[0119] Secondary standard: refers to the restoration target process status of each evaluation indicator, and the evaluation value is 0.5;

[0120] Level 3 standard: refers to the unrepaired state of each evaluation indicator, and the evaluation value is 0.

[0121] Based on this, the indicator monitoring values ​​are statistically analyzed, and combined with APH analysis and expert judgment, the evaluation values ​​of the restoration benefit evaluation indicators are determined and expressed in points. As shown in Table 6:

[0122] Table 6 Evaluation criteria for ecological restoration benefits of engineering disturbance slopes in mountainous areas

[0123]

[0124] Step 1-4: Comprehensive evaluation of the ecological restoration benefits of engineering-disturbed slopes in mountainous areas:

[0125] According to the indicator weights of step 1-2 and the standardized evaluation values ​​of the indicators of step 1-3, the ecological restoration quality index and evaluation of the slope after restoration are obtained:

[0126] 1) Comprehensive evaluation of ecological restoration benefits: The evaluation criteria for the ecological restoration benefits of engineering disturbed slopes are as follows:

[0127] Table 7 Evaluation criteria for the benefits of ecological restoration of engineering disturbed slopes

[0128]

[0129] 2) Calculation of the ecological restoration quality index (SERQI) of engineering disturbed slopes:

[0130]

[0131] The calculation results are shown in Table 1; Table 2; Table 3.

[0132] Complete the construction of a dynamic evaluation system for the ecological restoration benefits of engineering disturbed slopes in mountainous areas.

Claims

1. A method for dynamic evaluation and control of ecological restoration benefits of engineering disturbance slopes in mountainous areas, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: Step 1: Construct a dynamic evaluation system for the benefits of ecological restoration of engineering disturbed slopes in alpine areas: determine the indicators of the criterion layer and the indicator layer, and establish a four-level standard for the dynamic evaluation of the benefits of ecological restoration of engineering disturbed slopes in alpine areas, namely: Level I, Level II, Level III and Level IV; Step 2: Based on the on-site monitoring and indoor test data of the target slope ecological restoration project, the evaluation system established in step 1 is used to evaluate the target slope ecological restoration project, and the evaluation results of each indicator layer are recorded as C xy (x, y = 1, 2, ..., n), the evaluation results of each indicator of the criterion layer are recorded as B xy (x, y = 1, 2, ..., n), and record the final evaluation result as A x (x = 1, 2, ..., n), according to the benefit evaluation standard established in step 1, the evaluation result A can be obtained x (x=1, 2, ..., n); A x represents the final evaluation result of the target slope ecological restoration benefit when the evaluation system established in step 1 is used for the xth time, B xy represents the evaluation result of the yth criterion layer indicator when the evaluation system established in step 1 is used to evaluate the ecological restoration benefits of the target slope for the xth time, C xy It represents the evaluation result of the yth indicator layer when the evaluation system established in step 1 is used to evaluate the ecological restoration benefits of the target slope for the xth time. x represents the number of times the evaluation system established in step 1 is used to evaluate the ecological restoration benefits of the target slope. y represents the number of indicators in the criterion layer and the target layer. Step 3: If the evaluation result is A x (x=1,2,…, n) If the expected goal is not achieved, then the evaluation result B of the criterion layer indicator is combined xy (x, y = 1, 2, ..., n) and the actual situation of the target slope ecological restoration project, and analyze the real-time problems of the target slope ecological restoration project; Step 4: Analyze the problems found in step 3 and select control methods: If one or more combinations of existing control technologies can solve the problems found in step 3, then one or more combinations of existing control technologies will be adopted; If one or more combinations of existing control technologies cannot solve the problem found in step 3, develop several new control technologies to solve the problem found in step 3 and ensure that the new control technologies are feasible; Step 5: Develop a control plan based on the control method selected in step 4; Step 6: Implement the control plan formulated in step 5 for the target slope ecological restoration project; Step 7: Based on the on-site monitoring and indoor test data of the target slope ecological restoration project, the evaluation system established in step 1 is used to evaluate the ecological restoration benefits of the target slope after regulation, and the evaluation results of each indicator of the target layer are recorded as C x+1y (x, y = 1, 2, ..., n), the evaluation results of each indicator in the criterion layer are recorded as B x+1y (x, y = 1, 2, ..., n), and record the final evaluation result as A x+1 (x = 1, 2, ..., n), according to the benefit evaluation standard established in step 1, the evaluation result A can be obtained x+1 (x=1, 2, ..., n); Step 8: Place A x+1 (x=1,2,…,n) is compared with the expected target. If A x+1 (x=1,2,…,n) reaches the expected goal, then there is no need to continue to regulate the target slope ecological restoration project; if A x+1 (x=1, 2, ..., n) If the expected target is not achieved, a subsequent control plan needs to be formulated and optimized, and the optimized control plan needs to be implemented; the above steps of formulating a subsequent control plan and optimizing, and implementing the optimized control plan are performed at least once until the final evaluation result reaches the expected target; In step 1, the method for constructing a dynamic evaluation system for the ecological restoration benefits of engineering disturbance slopes in mountainous areas is: Step 1-1: Establish a hierarchical model of evaluation indicators for ecological restoration benefits of engineering-disturbed slopes in alpine areas; Step 1-2: Determine the weights of the evaluation indicators at the criterion level and indicator level selected in step 1-1; Step 1-3: Establish an evaluation index for the evaluation of the ecological restoration benefits of engineering-disturbed slopes in mountainous areas; Step 1-4: Comprehensive evaluation of the ecological restoration benefits of engineering-disturbed slopes in alpine areas; The specific operation of step 1-1 is: taking topography, erosivity, soil quality, and vegetation status as the criterion layer indicators of the evaluation system, and determining the indicator layer indicators based on the regional, scientific, systematic, and operable principles of screening the ecological restoration benefit evaluation indicators of engineering disturbance slopes in mountainous areas; The hierarchical structure model of the evaluation index system for the ecological restoration benefits of engineering disturbance slopes in alpine areas is divided into three levels, namely, target level A, criterion level B and index level C, among which: Target level A represents the highest level of the hierarchy and reflects the comprehensive evaluation index of ecological restoration benefits; Criterion level B represents the main system level of ecological restoration benefits, reflecting the level of ecological restoration benefits of engineering disturbed slopes in mountainous areas from different aspects, including topography B1, erosion B2, soil quality B3, and vegetation status B4; Index layer C is the basic hierarchical structure, including altitude C1, slope C2, slope surface C3, soil erosion C4, soil erosion rate C5, underground runoff C6, soil pH C7, nitrate nitrogen C8, available phosphorus C9, available potassium C10, relative chlorophyll content C11, specific leaf area C12, aboveground biomass C13, underground biomass C14, vegetation coverage C15, alien species coverage C16, species diversity C17, which directly reflects the ecological restoration benefits of engineering disturbance slopes in mountainous areas; The corresponding evaluation factor set of each level is expressed as: B1={C1, C2, C3}; B2={C4, C5, C6}; B3={C7, C8, C9, C10}; B4={C11, C12, C13, C14, C15, C16, C17}; A1={B1, B2, B3, B4}; Standardized calculation formula for altitude: ； Where: SI E -Standardized score of elevation index; m-number of pioneer species; E-slope elevation; m-optimal vegetation growth altitude; E opt -Soil depth for optimal vegetation growth; Standardized calculation formula for slope: ； Where: SI G - Standardized score of the gradient index, G - slope of the slope; SI A It is a standardized score of slope indicators, defined as follows: 1 for shady slope, 0 for sunny slope, and 0.5 for other slope directions; The underground runoff calculation formula is: ； Where: R - runoff; i -Rain intensity; f c - Steady seepage rate; Δt - time step; The specific leaf area calculation formula: SL A =L a / L d ; Where, L a -Leaf area; L d - leaf dry weight; The calculation formula for the alien species coverage rate is: ； Where: S - Number of species; P i - belongs to the species i The proportion of individuals in all individuals; H - species diversity index; The specific operation of step 1-2 is as follows: starting from the indicator layer in the hierarchical structure model of the ecological restoration benefit evaluation of engineering disturbance slopes in alpine areas, the indicator weights are selected by multiple experts according to the Delphi principle through the expert survey weight method, and the importance of the basic indicators of the criterion layer is scaled and analyzed by using two indicators, and the weight values ​​of the indicators of each indicator layer are obtained, and normalized; after the consistency test, the weight set of the indicator layer corresponding to the criterion layer is obtained, which is expressed as: W B1 ={W C1 , W C2 , W C3 }; W B2 ={W C4 , W C5 , W C6 }; W B3 ={W C7 , W C8 , W C9 , W.C. 10 }; W B4 ={W C11 , W C12 , W C13 , W C14 , W C15 , W C16 , W C17 }; Starting from the criterion layer in the hierarchical model of ecological restoration effect evaluation of engineering disturbance slopes in alpine areas, the expert survey weight method was used to select the indicator weights by multiple experts based on the Delphi principle, and the importance of the basic indicators of the target layer was scaled by using two indicators. The weight values ​​of the indicators in each criterion layer were obtained and normalized. After the consistency test, the weight set of the criterion layer corresponding to the target layer was obtained, which is expressed as: W A1 ={W B1 , W B2 , W B3 , W B4 }; The weight of the indicator layer relative to the criterion layer is multiplied by the weight of the criterion layer relative to the target layer to obtain the weight of each evaluation indicator in the evaluation of the ecological restoration benefits of engineering disturbance slopes in alpine areas, and a hierarchical total ranking list is established; The specific operation of steps 1-3 is: according to the gap between the original damaged state of the engineering disturbance slope ecosystem in the alpine area and the restoration target, the evaluation criteria of each restoration benefit evaluation index are divided into three levels, among which: Level 1 standard: refers to the expected or exceeded target restoration status of each evaluation indicator, with an evaluation value of 1.0; Secondary standard: refers to the restoration target process status of each evaluation indicator, and the evaluation value is 0.5; Level 3 standard: refers to the unrepaired state of each evaluation indicator, and the evaluation value is 0; Based on this, the indicator monitoring values ​​are statistically analyzed, and the evaluation values ​​of the restoration benefit evaluation indicators are determined in terms of scores, in combination with APH analysis and expert judgment. The specific operation of steps 1-4 is: according to the indicator weights of step 1-2 and the standardized evaluation values ​​of the indicators of step 1-3, the ecological restoration quality index and evaluation of the slope after restoration are obtained: Comprehensive evaluation standard of ecological restoration benefits: The ecological restoration quality index of engineering disturbed slopes is divided into four grades from 0 to 100: Grade I: excellent restoration effect; Grade II: good restoration effect; Grade III: average restoration effect; Grade IV: poor restoration effect, among which: Level I: Excellent repair effect: At this time SERQI >80, indicating that the structure and functionality of the engineering-disturbed slope ecosystem in the alpine region are complete and unified; the slope ecology has achieved the effect of natural succession and is integrated with the surrounding natural environment; Level II: Good repair effect: 60< SERQI ≤80, indicating that the structure and functionality of the ecosystem of the engineering-disturbed slopes in the alpine region are basically intact, and the ecological landscape effect is average, requiring enhanced artificial monitoring and improved maintenance standards; Grade III: general repair effect: 40< SERQI ≤60, indicating that some functions of the ecological system of the slope disturbed by engineering in the alpine area have not been restored, and a small number of evaluation criteria have failed to reach the restoration target. It is necessary to further eliminate the impact of engineering disturbance and formulate appropriate control plans; Grade IV: Poor repair effect: At this time SERQI ≤40, indicating that the slope ecosystem disturbed by engineering in the alpine area is still in its original damaged state, some lost ecological functions have not been effectively restored, and most indicators have failed to reach the restoration target of the ecosystem. It is necessary to eliminate the impact of engineering disturbance on a large scale and formulate a high-intensity regulation plan; The specific calculation formula of the ecological restoration quality index SERQI of engineering disturbance slope is: ； Where: SI is the evaluation value of the index layer; W is the total ranking of the weights of each slope index in the index layer; n is the total number of slope indexes in the index layer; x is a single slope index in the index layer; Complete the construction of a dynamic evaluation system for the ecological restoration benefits of engineering-disturbed slopes in mountainous areas; In step 8, when A x+1 (x=1,2,…,n) When the expected target is not achieved, the method of formulating subsequent control plans and optimizing them is as follows: Step 8-1: Repeat steps 3 to 5 to formulate subsequent control plans; Step 8-2: Place A x+1 (x=1, 2, ..., n), B x+1y (x, y=1,2,…,n), C x+1y (x, y=1,2,…,n) and A x (x=1, 2, ..., n), B xy (x, y=1,2,…,n), C xy (x, y=1,2,…,n) respectively conduct comparative analysis, compare and judge the implementation effect of the previous control plan, and optimize the subsequent control plan formulated in step 8-1 accordingly; The control scheme in step 8 includes: Soil fertility regulation: By preparing a slow-release blended fertilizer made by mixing early, mid-term and late-term fertilizers, it is better to ensure that vegetation obtains the necessary fertilizer nutrients throughout the entire growth cycle; by preparing an anti-freeze ecological slope protection base material made by evenly mixing vegetation soil, cement, humus, concrete greening additives, silicon powder and palm fiber, a vegetation habitat with a reasonable structure, good water erosion resistance and frost resistance, and high fertilizer efficiency is created to repair the damaged slope vegetation in mountainous areas; Slope irrigation control: By preparing a hydraulically driven sprinkler irrigation system composed of multiple sprinkler irrigation units, the effect of full coverage of concave and convex slopes can be achieved; by preparing a slope sprinkler irrigation system with adjustable nozzle height and water jet angle, which is evenly distributed in the center of four adjacent frame beams, the overall irrigation of the slope can be achieved, and various working conditions of the frame beam slope can be adapted; Slope and vegetation stability control: By setting up a protective layer, bonding plates and planting grooves on the steep slope surface of the rock mass, and setting up anchor rods, anchor heads, anchor cables, water pipes and water storage chambers inside the rock mass, a rocky steep slope habitat construction and vegetation water supply system is provided, which can prevent geological disasters, repair vegetation on the steep slope surface of the rock mass, and maintain slope vegetation irrigation; By recording the damage of the vegetation in the simulation model and the corresponding rainfall and wind load simulation information, and comparing them with the natural rainfall and wind load information on site, the stability of the slope vegetation is analyzed and evaluated, providing a decision-making basis for the artificial regulation of the slope vegetation in the field, thereby reducing instability and damage disasters.

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