Waste ternary power battery processing system and method

Abstract

The present invention discloses a system and method for processing waste ternary power batteries. The method for processing waste ternary power batteries includes: supplying the waste ternary power batteries to a crushing device for crushing treatment to obtain wet powder, coarse metal particles and waste gas; supplying the waste to an exhaust gas treatment device for exhaust gas treatment; supplying the wet powder to a drying device for drying treatment to obtain dry powder; supplying the dry powder to a cracking device for cracking treatment to obtain cracked powder and cracking gas; supplying the cracked powder to a washing device for washing treatment to obtain a lithium-containing solution and washed materials; supplying the washed materials to a magnetic separation device for magnetic separation treatment to obtain fine metal particles and magnetically separated materials; supplying the magnetically separated materials to a flotation device for flotation treatment to obtain carbon powder and positive electrode black powder. The method can comprehensively treat waste ternary power batteries, and has significant economic and environmental benefits.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the field of hazardous waste treatment, and in particular to a system and method for treating waste ternary power batteries. Background Art

[0002] As my country's new energy vehicle industry has entered a period of rapid development, the explosive production and sales of new energy vehicles has promoted the increase in the use of lithium-ion batteries. The ideal model for recycling and reusing power batteries is to first use them in stages and then disassemble them for reuse, but the current method of dismantling power batteries is still mainly disassembly and recycling. According to statistics, in 2017, a total of 83,000 tons of lithium-ion batteries (including digital lithium-ion batteries) were recycled and dismantled nationwide, of which 95% were battery disassembly. According to research and analysis, power batteries have entered a period of explosive retirement since 2018, and the amount of scrapped batteries is expected to reach 190,000 tons (including the amount of waste produced by battery manufacturers); after 2019, the scrap growth rate will remain at around 45%, and the scrap volume may exceed 1 million tons in 2023.

[0003] Although there are many studies on power battery recycling, there are few projects that have been applied and put into actual production. The current technical routes also have some problems, mainly manifested in: (1) a large amount of volatile organic gases (VOCs) escape during the disassembly and crushing process, polluting the environment; (2) battery fire during the crushing process; (3) substances such as lithium hexafluorophosphate and organic carbonates in the electrolyte decompose to generate highly corrosive hydrogen fluoride gas, which endangers human life and health; (4) The bonding effect of PVDF makes it difficult to remove black powder from battery electrodes, resulting in a low recovery rate. It can be seen that the existing methods for treating waste ternary power batteries still need to be improved. Summary of the invention

[0004] The present invention aims to solve at least one of the technical problems in the related art to a certain extent. To this end, one object of the present invention is to provide a system and method for treating waste ternary power batteries. The system can comprehensively treat waste ternary power batteries and has significant economic and environmental benefits.

[0005] In one aspect of the present invention, the present invention proposes a waste ternary power battery processing system. According to an embodiment of the present invention, the system includes:

[0006] Waste ternary power battery silo;

[0007] A crushing device, wherein the crushing device has an inlet for waste ternary power batteries, an outlet for wet powder, an outlet for coarse metal particles and an outlet for waste gas, and the inlet for waste ternary power batteries is connected to the silo for waste ternary power batteries;

[0008] A drying device, the drying device having a wet powder inlet, a drying medium inlet, a dry powder outlet and a drying medium outlet, the wet powder inlet being connected to the wet powder outlet;

[0009] A tail gas treatment device, the tail gas treatment device is connected to the exhaust gas outlet, and the tail gas treatment device includes an activated carbon absorption unit and an alkaline solution absorption unit to adsorb or absorb organic matter and / or harmful gases in the exhaust gas;

[0010] A cracking device, the cracking device having a dry powder inlet, a cracked powder outlet and a cracked gas outlet, the dry powder inlet being connected to the dry powder outlet;

[0011] An ore washing device, the ore washing device having a post-cracked powder inlet, a lithium-containing solution outlet and a post-washed material outlet, the post-cracked powder inlet being connected to the post-cracked powder outlet;

[0012] A magnetic separation device, the magnetic separation device having a washed material inlet, a fine metal particle outlet and a magnetically separated material outlet, the washed material inlet being connected to the washed material outlet;

[0013] The flotation device comprises a post-magnetic separation material inlet, a carbon powder outlet and a positive electrode black powder outlet, wherein the post-magnetic separation material inlet is connected to the post-magnetic separation material outlet.

[0014] The system according to the above embodiment of the present invention is used to treat waste ternary power batteries. First, the waste ternary power batteries are crushed by a crushing device, and the batteries are torn and broken to make the electrolyte and waste gas therein escape, thereby obtaining wet powder, coarse metal particles and waste gas; wherein the waste gas is sent to a subsequent device for treatment, thereby reducing the VOCs emission in the waste ternary power battery treatment process. Further, the wet powder is supplied to a drying device, and a closed drying treatment is carried out under the action of a drying medium to obtain a dry powder. Then, the dry powder is cracked by a cracking device to crack the organic components such as carbonaceous matter in the material, and the reducing components in the cracking gas are used to reduce the elements such as Ni, Co, and Mn in the material to a low-valent state. Subsequently, the cracked material enters a washing device for washing, and under the action of low-valent elements such as Ni, Co, and Mn, the washing rate of liquid phase Li is significantly improved. After washing, the material enters a magnetic separation device for magnetic separation to recover the magnetic fine-grade metal particles therein. After magnetic separation, the material enters the flotation device for flotation treatment to obtain carbon powder and positive electrode black powder respectively. Therefore, the waste ternary power battery processing system according to the embodiment of the present invention can realize the comprehensive recycling of multiple elements, and by treating the exhaust gas generated in the drying stage, the VOCs emission in the process can be significantly reduced. On the other hand, by adopting the process sequence of first washing the ore to recover the Li element, and then flotation to recover Ni, Co, Mn and other elements, the recovery rate of the Li element is significantly improved.

[0015] In addition, the waste ternary power battery processing system according to the above embodiment of the present invention may also have the following additional technical features:

[0016] In some embodiments of the present invention, the waste ternary power battery silo includes multiple silos.

[0017] In some embodiments of the present invention, the drying device is a closed belt gallery or a tubular belt conveyor.

[0018] In some embodiments of the present invention, the pyrolysis device is a rotary pyrolysis kiln.

[0019] In some embodiments of the present invention, the waste ternary power battery processing system further includes: a combustion device, the combustion device having a fuel inlet and a high-temperature flue gas outlet, the fuel inlet is connected to the cracking gas outlet and the carbon powder outlet; a mixing device, the mixing device having a high-temperature flue gas inlet, a cold air inlet and a temperature-regulating flue gas outlet, the high-temperature flue gas inlet is connected to the high-temperature flue gas outlet, and the temperature-regulating flue gas outlet is connected to the drying medium inlet.

[0020] In some embodiments of the present invention, the waste ternary power battery processing system further includes: an extraction device, which is connected to the positive electrode black powder outlet; and a leaching device, which is connected to the extraction device.

[0021] In another aspect of the present invention, the present invention proposes a method for treating waste ternary power batteries using the waste ternary power battery treatment system of the above embodiment. According to an embodiment of the present invention, the method comprises:

[0022] The waste ternary power batteries are supplied to a crushing device for crushing to obtain wet powder, coarse metal particles and waste gas;

[0023] Supplying the waste to an exhaust gas treatment device for exhaust gas treatment;

[0024] Supplying the wet powder to a drying device for drying to obtain dry powder;

[0025] Supplying the dry powder to a cracking device for cracking to obtain cracked powder and cracked gas;

[0026] Supplying the cracked powder to a washing device for washing to obtain a lithium-containing solution and washed materials;

[0027] The washed material is supplied to a magnetic separation device for magnetic separation to obtain fine metal particles and magnetically separated material;

[0028] The magnetically separated material is supplied to a flotation device for flotation treatment to obtain carbon powder and positive electrode black powder.

[0029] The method according to the above embodiment of the present invention is used to treat waste ternary power batteries. First, the waste ternary power batteries are crushed by a crushing device, and the batteries are torn and broken to make the electrolyte and waste gas therein escape, thereby obtaining wet powder, coarse metal particles and waste gas; wherein the waste gas is sent to a subsequent device for treatment, thereby reducing the VOCs emission in the waste ternary power battery treatment process. Further, the wet powder is supplied to a drying device, and a closed drying treatment is carried out under the action of a drying medium to obtain a dry powder. Then, the dry powder is cracked by a cracking device to crack the organic components such as carbonaceous matter in the material, and the reducing components in the cracking gas are used to reduce the elements such as Ni, Co, and Mn in the material to a low-valent state. Subsequently, the cracked material enters a washing device for washing, and under the action of low-valent elements such as Ni, Co, and Mn, the washing rate of liquid phase Li is significantly improved. After washing, the material enters a magnetic separation device for magnetic separation to recover the magnetic fine-grade metal particles therein. After magnetic separation, the material enters the flotation device for flotation treatment to obtain carbon powder and positive electrode black powder respectively. Therefore, the method for treating waste ternary power batteries according to the embodiment of the present invention can realize the comprehensive recycling of multiple elements, and by treating the exhaust gas generated in the drying stage, the VOCs emission in the process can be significantly reduced. On the other hand, by adopting the process sequence of first washing the ore to recover the Li element, and then flotation to recover Ni, Co, Mn and other elements, the recovery rate of the Li element is significantly improved.

[0030] In addition, the method for treating waste ternary power batteries according to the above embodiment of the present invention may also have the following additional technical features:

[0031] In some embodiments of the present invention, the front end of the cracking device O 2 The concentration is controlled at 2-10v%.

[0032] In some embodiments of the present invention, the method for treating waste ternary power batteries further includes: supplying the cracking gas and the carbon powder to a combustion device for combustion to obtain high-temperature flue gas; supplying the high-temperature flue gas to a gas mixing device, adjusting the temperature with cold air, and obtaining temperature-regulated flue gas; and using the temperature-regulated flue gas as a drying medium for the drying process.

[0033] In some embodiments of the present invention, the temperature of the temperature-adjusting flue gas is 200-400°C.

[0034] In some embodiments of the present invention, the method for treating waste ternary power batteries further includes: supplying the positive electrode black powder to an extraction device for extraction treatment to obtain an extracted material; supplying the extracted material to a leaching device for leaching treatment to obtain a precursor material.

[0035] Additional aspects and advantages of the present invention will be given in part in the following description and in part will be obvious from the following description, or will be learned through practice of the present invention. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0036] The above and / or additional aspects and advantages of the present invention will become apparent and easily understood from the description of the embodiments in conjunction with the following drawings, in which:

[0037] Figure 1 is a structural schematic diagram of a waste ternary power battery treatment system according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0038] Figure 2 is a structural schematic diagram of a waste ternary power battery treatment system according to another embodiment of the present invention;

[0039] Figure 3 It is a schematic flow chart of a method for treating waste ternary power batteries according to an embodiment of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0040] Embodiments of the present invention are described in detail below, examples of which are shown in the accompanying drawings, wherein the same or similar reference numerals throughout represent the same or similar elements or elements having the same or similar functions. The embodiments described below with reference to the accompanying drawings are exemplary and are intended to be used to explain the present invention, and should not be construed as limiting the present invention.

[0041] In the description of the present invention, it should be understood that the terms "center", "longitudinal", "lateral", "length", "width", "thickness", "up", "down", "front", "back", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inside", "outside" and the like indicate orientations or positional relationships based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or implying that the referred device or element must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be understood as limiting the present invention.

[0042] In addition, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be understood as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of the indicated technical features. Therefore, the features defined as "first" and "second" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one of the features. In the description of the present invention, the meaning of "plurality" is at least two, such as two, three, etc., unless otherwise clearly and specifically defined.

[0043] In the present invention, unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, the terms such as "installed", "connected", "connected", "fixed" and the like should be understood in a broad sense, for example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can be a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium, it can be the internal connection of two elements or the interaction relationship between two elements, unless otherwise clearly defined. For ordinary technicians in this field, the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood according to specific circumstances.

[0044] In one aspect of the present invention, the present invention provides a waste ternary power battery processing system. According to an embodiment of the present invention, reference is made to Figure 1 The system includes: a waste ternary power battery silo 100, a crushing device 200, an exhaust gas treatment device 210, a drying device 300, a cracking device 400, a ore washing device 500, a magnetic separation device 600, and a flotation device 700.

[0045] Further reference below Figure 1 and Figure 2 A waste ternary power battery processing system according to an embodiment of the present invention is described in detail.

[0046] According to an embodiment of the present invention, the waste ternary power battery silo 100 may include a plurality of silos. Figure 2 As shown, the waste ternary power battery silo 100 includes two. Therefore, during the crushing process, the two silos can be used to feed the crushing device in rotation, so that the crushing device can be vacuumed and protected by inert gas to prevent fire or explosion hazards during the crushing process.

[0047] According to an embodiment of the present invention, the crushing device 200 has a waste ternary power battery inlet 201, a wet powder outlet 202, a coarse metal particle outlet 203 and an exhaust gas outlet 204, and the waste ternary power battery inlet 201 is connected to the waste ternary power battery silo 100. The crushing device 200 is suitable for crushing waste ternary power batteries to obtain wet powder, coarse metal particles and exhaust gas. Specifically, the crushing process is carried out under closed conditions, and the equipment is vacuumed and protected by inert gas to prevent dangers such as fire or explosion during the crushing process. According to some embodiments of the present invention, the crushing process includes two stages. In the first stage, the material is first torn and crushed and crushed once, and the exhaust gas mainly escapes from the material in this stage; the second stage mainly crushes the material for a second time to obtain wet powder and coarse metal particles.

[0048] The specific type of the crushing device 200 is not particularly limited, and common crushing equipment in the art can be used.

[0049] According to an embodiment of the present invention, the tail gas treatment device 210 is connected to the waste gas outlet 204 of the crushing device 200, and is suitable for treating the battery waste gas generated during the crushing process. Specifically, the tail gas treatment device 210 may include an activated carbon absorption unit and an alkali solution absorption unit to fully adsorb or absorb organic matter and other harmful gases in the waste gas. In some embodiments, an exhaust fan may be provided between the tail gas treatment device 210 and the waste gas outlet 204 of the crushing device 200 to collect the battery waste gas and send it to the tail gas treatment device.

[0050] According to an embodiment of the present invention, the drying device 300 has a wet powder inlet 301, a drying medium inlet 302, a dry powder outlet 303 and a drying medium outlet 304, and the wet powder inlet 301 is connected to the wet powder outlet 202. The drying device 300 is suitable for performing a closed drying process on the wet powder using the drying medium to obtain dry powder.

[0051] The inventors found in their research that the crushed material is in a wet state, which makes the conveying process difficult and easily causes bridging, affecting the material conveying. According to an embodiment of the present invention, by using a closed belt gallery or a tubular belt conveyor as a drying device, the drying and conveying effects of the material can be further improved.

[0052] According to an embodiment of the present invention, the cracking device 400 has a dry powder inlet 401, a cracked powder outlet 402 and a cracked gas outlet 403, and the dry powder inlet 401 is connected to the dry powder outlet 303. The cracking device 400 is suitable for cracking the dry powder in an inert gas atmosphere, so that the carbonaceous and other organic components in the material are cracked, and the elements Ni, Co, Mn and other elements in the material are reduced to low valence states by using the reducing components in the cracked gas. For the treatment of waste ternary power batteries, the prior art generally recovers the elements Ni, Co, Mn and other elements therein first, and then recovers the Li element therein, resulting in a very low recovery rate of Li. The technical solution of the present invention first cracks the dry powder, so that the carbonaceous and other organic components in the material are cracked, and the reducing components in the cracked gas are used to reduce the elements Ni, Co, Mn and other elements in the material to low valence states. Furthermore, in the subsequent stage of washing and recovering the Li element, the low-valence Ni, Co, Mn and other elements can be used to significantly increase the primary washing rate of Li. At the same time, the cracking gas can also be used as fuel for combustion to obtain high-temperature drying medium.

[0053] According to an embodiment of the present invention, the front end of the cracking device O 2 The concentration can be controlled to be 2-10v%. Thus, the carbon in the material can react to generate CO in an oxygen-deficient environment, ensuring a certain reducing atmosphere during the reduction process, so as to reduce the Ni, Co, Mn and other elements in the material to a low-valent state, thereby increasing the primary washing rate of Li in the subsequent washing process.

[0054] The specific type of the cracking device 400 is not particularly limited, and common cracking equipment in the art can be used. For example, according to some embodiments of the present invention, the cracking device 400 is a rotary cracking kiln.

[0055] According to some embodiments of the present invention, the cracking device 400 uses heat pipes to enhance the cooling of the muzzle brick assembly, thereby increasing the service life of the muzzle brick assembly and better protecting the spray gun.

[0056] According to an embodiment of the present invention, the ore washing device 500 has a cracked powder inlet 501, a lithium-containing solution outlet 502, and a washed material outlet 503, and the cracked powder inlet 501 is connected to the cracked powder outlet 402. The ore washing device 500 is suitable for washing the cracked powder so as to absorb the Li therein into the liquid phase, and the obtained lithium-containing solution can be recycled to obtain lithium hydroxide by evaporation and crystallization after multiple cycles of enrichment.

[0057] The specific type of the ore washing device 500 is not particularly limited, and common ore washing equipment in the art can be used.

[0058] According to an embodiment of the present invention, the magnetic separation device 600 has a washed material inlet 601, a fine metal particle outlet 602 and a magnetically separated material outlet 603, wherein the washed material inlet 601 is connected to the washed material outlet 503. The magnetic separation device 600 is suitable for magnetically separating the washed material so as to recover the magnetic fine metal particles therein.

[0059] The specific type of the magnetic separation device 600 is not particularly limited, and common magnetic separation equipment in the art can be used.

[0060] According to an embodiment of the present invention, the flotation device 700 has a post-magnetic separation material inlet 701, a carbon powder outlet 702 and a positive electrode black powder outlet 703, and the post-magnetic separation material inlet 701 is connected to the post-magnetic separation material outlet 603. The flotation device 700 is suitable for flotation of the post-magnetic separation material to obtain carbon powder and positive electrode black powder (mainly including oxides of Ni, Co, and Mn). Among them, the carbon powder can be used for combustion heat supplementation, and can also be sold as a product after purification.

[0061] According to an embodiment of the present invention, referring to Figure 2, the waste ternary power battery processing system of the present invention may further include: a combustion device 800 and a gas mixing device 900. The combustion device 800 has a fuel inlet 801 and a high-temperature flue gas outlet 802, and the fuel inlet 801 is connected to the cracking gas outlet 403 and the carbon powder outlet 702. The gas mixing device 900 has a high-temperature flue gas inlet 901, a cold air inlet 902 and a temperature-adjusting flue gas outlet 903, and the high-temperature flue gas inlet 901 is connected to the high-temperature flue gas outlet 802, and the temperature-adjusting flue gas outlet 903 is connected to the drying medium inlet 302. Thus, the cracking gas can be supplied to the combustion device 800 as a fuel for combustion to obtain high-temperature flue gas. The inventor found in the study that the high-temperature flue gas obtained by the combustion of the cracking gas is too high in temperature, which easily melts the low-melting-point components (such as Al) in the material to be dried and wraps the powder, thereby reducing the subsequent metal recovery effect. In view of this, the inventor first supplies high-temperature flue gas to the mixing device 900, uses cold air to cool the high-temperature flue gas, and uses the temperature-regulated flue gas as a drying medium, thereby achieving fine temperature control during the drying process, ensuring the drying effect of the material to be dried, and not causing the problem of melting of low-melting-point components.

[0062] The specific types of the combustion device 800 and the gas mixing device 900 are not particularly limited, and common combustion devices and gas mixing devices in the art can be used.

[0063] According to an embodiment of the present invention, the temperature of the temperature-adjusted flue gas is 200-400° C. Thus, the low-melting-point components in the material can be prevented from melting while the drying effect of the material to be dried is ensured.

[0064] According to an embodiment of the present invention, referring to Figure 2 The waste ternary power battery treatment system of the present invention may further include: an extraction device 1000 and a leaching device 1100. The extraction device 1000 is connected to the positive electrode black powder outlet 703, and the leaching device 1100 is connected to the extraction device 1000. Thus, the extraction device 1000 can be used to extract the elements such as Ni, Co, and Mn in the positive electrode black powder, and the leaching device 1100 can be further used to leach the extracted material to obtain the precursor material.

[0065] In another aspect of the present invention, the present invention proposes a method for treating waste ternary power batteries. The method is implemented by using the waste ternary power battery treatment system of the above embodiment, including: supplying the waste ternary power batteries to a crushing device for crushing treatment to obtain wet powder, coarse metal particles and waste gas; supplying the waste to an exhaust gas treatment device for exhaust gas treatment; supplying the wet powder to a drying device for drying treatment to obtain dry powder; supplying the dry powder to a cracking device for cracking treatment to obtain cracked powder and cracked gas; supplying the cracked powder to a washing device for washing treatment to obtain a lithium-containing solution and washed materials; supplying the washed materials to a magnetic separation device for magnetic separation treatment to obtain fine metal particles and magnetically separated materials; supplying the magnetically separated materials to a flotation device for flotation treatment to obtain carbon powder and positive electrode black powder.

[0066] Figure 3 It is a schematic flow chart of a method for treating waste ternary power batteries according to a specific embodiment of the present invention.

[0067] According to an embodiment of the present invention, the front end of the cracking device O 2 The concentration can be controlled to be 2-10v%. Thus, the carbon in the material can react to generate CO in an oxygen-deficient environment, ensuring a certain reducing atmosphere during the reduction process, so as to reduce the Ni, Co, Mn and other elements in the material to a low-valent state, thereby increasing the primary washing rate of Li in the subsequent washing process.

[0068] According to an embodiment of the present invention, the method for treating waste ternary power batteries of the present invention may further include: supplying the pyrolysis gas and carbon powder to a combustion device for combustion to obtain high-temperature flue gas; supplying the high-temperature flue gas to a gas mixing device, adjusting the temperature with cold air, and obtaining temperature-regulated flue gas; using the temperature-regulated flue gas as a drying medium for the drying process. The inventors found in their research that the high-temperature flue gas temperature obtained by burning the pyrolysis gas is too high, which can easily melt the low-melting-point components (such as Al) in the material to be dried, wrapping the powder, and thus reducing the subsequent metal recovery effect. In view of this, the inventors first supply the high-temperature flue gas to the gas mixing device, cool the high-temperature flue gas with cold air, and use the temperature-regulated flue gas as a drying medium, thereby achieving fine temperature control during the drying process, ensuring the drying effect of the material to be dried, and not causing the problem of melting of the low-melting-point components.

[0069] According to an embodiment of the present invention, the temperature of the temperature-adjusted flue gas is 200-400° C. Thus, the low-melting-point components in the material can be prevented from melting while the drying effect of the material to be dried is ensured.

[0070] According to an embodiment of the present invention, the method for treating waste ternary power batteries of the present invention may further include: supplying the positive electrode black powder to an extraction device for extraction treatment to obtain an extracted material; supplying the extracted material to a leaching device for leaching treatment to obtain a precursor material. Thus, the extraction device can be used to extract elements such as Ni, Co, and Mn in the positive electrode black powder, and the leaching device can be used to further leach the extracted material to obtain a precursor material.

[0071] In addition, it should be noted that all the features and advantages described in the previous article for the "waste ternary power battery processing system" are also applicable to the "waste ternary power battery processing method", and will not be repeated here one by one.

[0072] In the description of this specification, the description with reference to the terms "one embodiment", "some embodiments", "example", "specific example", or "some examples" etc. means that the specific features, structures, materials or characteristics described in conjunction with the embodiment or example are included in at least one embodiment or example of the present invention. In this specification, the schematic representations of the above terms do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Moreover, the specific features, structures, materials or characteristics described may be combined in any one or more embodiments or examples in a suitable manner. In addition, those skilled in the art may combine and combine the different embodiments or examples described in this specification and the features of the different embodiments or examples, without contradiction.

[0073] Although the embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described above, it is to be understood that the above embodiments are exemplary and are not to be construed as limitations of the present invention. A person skilled in the art may change, modify, replace and vary the above embodiments within the scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for treating waste ternary power batteries, characterized in that: The treatment systems used include: Waste ternary power battery silo; A crushing device, wherein the crushing device has an inlet for waste ternary power batteries, an outlet for wet powder, an outlet for coarse metal particles and an outlet for waste gas, and the inlet for waste ternary power batteries is connected to the silo for waste ternary power batteries; A tail gas treatment device, the tail gas treatment device is connected to the exhaust gas outlet, and the tail gas treatment device includes an activated carbon absorption unit and an alkaline solution absorption unit to adsorb or absorb organic matter and / or harmful gases in the exhaust gas; A drying device, the drying device having a wet powder inlet, a drying medium inlet, a dry powder outlet and a drying medium outlet, the wet powder inlet being connected to the wet powder outlet; A cracking device, the cracking device having a dry powder inlet, a cracked powder outlet and a cracked gas outlet, the dry powder inlet being connected to the dry powder outlet; An ore washing device, the ore washing device having a post-cracked powder inlet, a lithium-containing solution outlet and a post-washed material outlet, the post-cracked powder inlet being connected to the post-cracked powder outlet; A magnetic separation device, the magnetic separation device having a washed material inlet, a fine metal particle outlet and a magnetically separated material outlet, the washed material inlet being connected to the washed material outlet; A flotation device, wherein the flotation device has a post-magnetic separation material inlet, a carbon powder outlet and a positive electrode black powder outlet, and the post-magnetic separation material inlet is connected to the post-magnetic separation material outlet; A combustion device, the combustion device having a fuel inlet and a high-temperature flue gas outlet, the fuel inlet being connected to the cracked gas outlet and the carbon powder outlet; A gas mixing device, wherein the gas mixing device has a high-temperature smoke inlet, a cold air inlet and a temperature-adjusting smoke outlet, the high-temperature smoke inlet is connected to the high-temperature smoke outlet, and the temperature-adjusting smoke outlet is connected to the drying medium inlet; The processing method comprises: The waste ternary power batteries are supplied to a crushing device for crushing to obtain wet powder, coarse metal particles and waste gas; supplying the exhaust gas to an exhaust gas treatment device for exhaust gas treatment; Supplying the wet powder to a drying device for drying to obtain dry powder; The dried powder is supplied to a cracking device for cracking to obtain cracked powder and cracked gas, wherein the O2 concentration at the front end of the cracking device is controlled to be 2-10v%; Supplying the cracked powder to a washing device for washing to obtain a lithium-containing solution and washed materials; The washed material is supplied to a magnetic separation device for magnetic separation to obtain fine metal particles and magnetically separated material; Supplying the magnetically separated material to a flotation device for flotation treatment to obtain carbon powder and positive electrode black powder; Supplying the cracked gas and the carbon powder to a combustion device for combustion to obtain high-temperature flue gas; The high-temperature flue gas is supplied to a gas mixing device and the temperature is adjusted by cold air to obtain temperature-adjusted flue gas; The temperature-controlled flue gas is used as a drying medium for the drying process.

2. The method for treating waste ternary power batteries according to claim 1, characterized in that: The waste ternary power battery silos include multiple ones.

3. The method for treating waste ternary power batteries according to claim 1, characterized in that: The drying device is a closed belt gallery or a tubular belt conveyor; Optionally, the cracking device is a rotary cracking kiln.

4. The method for treating waste ternary power batteries according to claim 1, characterized in that: Further including: An extraction device, the extraction device is connected to the positive electrode black powder outlet; A leaching device is connected to the extraction device.

5. The method for treating waste ternary power batteries according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that: The temperature of the temperature-adjusting flue gas is 200-400°C.

6. The method for treating waste ternary power batteries according to claim 5 further comprises: Supplying the positive electrode black powder to an extraction device for extraction treatment to obtain an extracted material; The extracted material is supplied to a leaching device for leaching treatment to obtain a precursor material.

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