High conversion efficiency doped single crystal double-sided solar cell and preparation method thereof

Abstract

The present invention relates to the field of solar cell technology, and discloses a high-conversion-efficiency doped single-crystal double-sided solar cell and a preparation method thereof, comprising a mounting frame, a solar panel, and a reflector. The top of the mounting frame is fixedly connected to a first bracket, and the end of the first bracket is rotatably connected to the solar panel via a pin. In the present invention, the double-sided cell has obvious advantages over ordinary single-sided cells. Both sides can generate electricity, and the overall power generation is increased by reducing the area of the aluminum-plated film on the back. Therefore, the battery output power that can be obtained is much higher than that of traditional single-sided cells. In the present invention, the reflector provided under the solar panel reflects sunlight, and the diffuse reflection generated by the uneven reflector makes the back of the solar panel receive a larger light-receiving area, and the power generation efficiency is higher. In the present invention, the angle of the reflector can be adjusted according to the angle of the sunlight, so that the back of the solar panel can receive light for a long time and provide power generation.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of solar cells, and in particular to a high-conversion-efficiency doped single-crystal double-sided solar cell and a preparation method thereof. Background Art

[0002] Solar cells, also known as photovoltaic power generation, are one of the most promising areas of new energy technology. Distributed photovoltaic power generation has experienced rapid growth in my country in recent years and is a key future development direction. Because distributed photovoltaic systems require more electricity per unit area, monocrystalline cells, with their higher efficiency per unit area, are increasingly attractive. The deep integration of information technology and manufacturing has given rise to new production methods known as intelligent manufacturing. Intelligent manufacturing has become a key research direction in the photovoltaic industry in recent years, driving the development of smart factories within the industry and the research and development of high-efficiency, doped bifacial PERC solar cells.

[0003] Currently, most solar cells are single-sided panels that receive light, so they have strong limitations and limited power generation per unit area. However, with the rise of the photovoltaic industry, the production capacity of single-sided solar cells is low and cannot meet market demand. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a high conversion efficiency doped single crystal bifacial solar cell and a preparation method to solve the problem that most solar cells are panels that receive light on one side, and therefore have strong limitations and limited power generation per unit area. With the rise of the photovoltaic industry today, the production capacity of single-sided solar cells is low and cannot meet market demand.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention adopts the following technical solution: a high conversion efficiency doped single crystal bifacial solar cell, comprising a mounting frame, a solar panel and a reflector, wherein the top of the mounting frame is fixedly connected to a first bracket, and the end of the first bracket is rotatably connected to the solar panel via a pin;

[0006] The solar panel comprises a back panel, the lower surface of the back panel (501) is fixedly connected to an electrode, the upper surface of the back panel is fixedly connected to a light absorbing layer, the upper surface of the light absorbing layer is fixedly connected to an anti-reflection layer, the upper surface of the anti-reflection layer is fixedly connected to a solar cell, and the upper surface of the solar cell is fixedly connected to light absorbing glass.

[0007] As a further solution of the present invention: a second bracket is fixed in the middle of the placement frame, a fixed block is rotatably connected to the second bracket, a slot is provided on the side of the fixed block, a thread is provided on the end side of the second bracket, a notch is provided on the upper end of the second bracket, a pressure ring is provided on the outside of the thread, side teeth are provided on the side of the pressure ring, the inner wall of the pressure ring is fixedly connected to the limiting block, and a nut is connected to the outside of the thread.

[0008] As a further solution of the present invention: an adjustment plate is fixedly connected to the back of the solar panel, a slide groove is provided on the side of the adjustment plate, the slide groove passes through both sides of the adjustment plate, a rack is provided on the inner wall of the slide groove, a gear is engaged with the rack, a rotating shaft is fixedly connected in the middle of the gear, the rotating shaft passes through the slide groove and extends to the outside, a support rod is rotatably connected to the rotating shaft, a turbine is fixedly connected to the end of the rotating shaft, a worm is cooperatively connected to the surface of the turbine, a motor is fixedly connected to the lower end of the worm, and the motor is fixedly connected to the upper side of the support rod.

[0009] As a further solution of the present invention: the lower end of the support rod is rotatably connected to the side surface of the first bracket through a pin.

[0010] As a further solution of the present invention: a reflector is fixedly connected to the upper end of the fixing block, and the upper surface of the reflector is a non-mirror body.

[0011] As a further solution of the present invention, the side surface of the pressure ring is fitted with the side surface of the fixing block, the groove is fitted with the side teeth, the limiting block is fitted with the notch, and the pressure ring can slide on the threaded surface.

[0012] As a further solution of the present invention: a frame is provided on the outside of the solar panel.

[0013] As a further solution of the present invention: the backboard is a light-transmitting board.

[0014] As a further solution of the present invention: the support rod is flush with the side surface of the adjustment plate.

[0015] The present invention also provides a method for preparing a high-conversion-efficiency doped single-crystal bifacial solar cell, the specific steps of which are as follows:

[0016] Step 1: Through the texturing process of single-crystal silicon, silicon is reacted with NaOH to form an anti-reflective texture on the silicon wafer. The texturing process of polycrystalline silicon is to add nitric acid and hydrofluoric acid to form an anti-reflective texture on the silicon wafer surface;

[0017] Step 2: Phosphorus oxychloride (POCl3) is partially decomposed into P atoms on the surface of the p-type silicon wafer in a high-temperature furnace at about 840°C. After high-temperature diffusion, it enters the silicon wafer as an n-type dopant to form a pn junction. At the same time, phospho-silicate glass (PSG) is formed on the surface of the silicon wafer.

[0018] Step 3: The PN junction formed after diffusion still exists on the side and back of the silicon wafer and needs to be etched away to ensure the insulation of the PN junction. At the same time, the highly composite PSG layer must also be etched away. This process is done by dry (plasma) or wet etching.

[0019] Step 4: Plasma Chemical Vapor Deposition (PECVD): PECVD is used to deposit silicon nitride and aluminum oxide materials on the surface of silicon wafers. It is a process that produces Si3N4 and Al2O3 through chemical reactions at temperatures of 300-500°C.

[0020] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0021] 1. The bifacial cell of the present invention has obvious advantages over ordinary single-sided cells. Both sides can generate electricity. By reducing the area of the aluminum film on the back side, the overall power generation is increased. Therefore, the battery output power that can be obtained is much higher than that of traditional single-sided cells.

[0022] 2. In the present invention, the reflector provided below the solar panel reflects the sunlight. The diffuse reflection produced by the uneven reflector makes the light receiving area on the back of the solar panel larger, and the power generation efficiency is higher.

[0023] 3. In the present invention, the angle of the reflector can be adjusted according to the angle of sunlight, so that the back of the solar panel can receive light for a long time to provide power generation. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0024] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the solar panel structure of the present invention;

[0025] Figure 2 It is a structural schematic diagram of the present invention;

[0026] Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of the cross-sectional structure of the present invention;

[0027] Figure 4 for Figure 3 A schematic diagram of a partially enlarged structure of the present invention A;

[0028] Figure 5 for Figure 3 A schematic diagram of a partially enlarged structure of the present invention B;

[0029] Figure 6 It is a schematic diagram of the expanded structure of the present invention.

[0030] In the figure: 1. mounting frame; 2. second bracket; 3. reflector; 4. first bracket; 5. solar panel; 6. adjustment plate; 7. rack; 8. slide; 9. gear; 10. support rod; 11. turbine; 12. worm; 13. motor; 201. fixing block; 202. slot; 203. thread; 204. notch; 205. pressure ring; 206. side teeth; 207. limit block; 501. back plate; 502. light-absorbing layer; 503. anti-reflection layer; 504. solar cell; 505. light-absorbing glass; 506. electrode. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0031] The following will clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without making creative efforts are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0032] Example: Refer to Figure 1-6 In an embodiment of the present invention, a high conversion efficiency doped monocrystalline bifacial solar cell comprises a mounting frame 1, a solar panel 5 and a reflector 3. The top of the mounting frame 1 is fixedly connected to a first bracket 4, and the bottom end of the first bracket 4 is rotatably connected to the solar panel 5 via a pin.

[0033] The solar panel 5 includes a back panel 501, an electrode 506 is fixedly connected to the lower surface of the back panel (501), a light absorbing layer 502 is fixedly connected to the upper surface of the back panel 501, an anti-reflection layer 503 is fixedly connected to the upper surface of the light absorbing layer 502, a solar cell 504 is fixedly connected to the upper surface of the anti-reflection layer 503, and a light absorbing glass 505 is fixedly connected to the upper surface of the solar cell 504.

[0034] As a further solution of the present invention: a second bracket 2 is fixed in the middle of the placement frame 1, and a fixed block 201 is rotatably connected to the second bracket 2. A slot 202 is provided on the side of the fixed block 201, and a thread 203 is provided on the end side of the second bracket 2. A notch 204 is provided on the upper end of the second bracket 2. A pressure ring 205 is provided on the outside of the thread 203, and side teeth 206 are provided on the side of the pressure ring 205. The inner wall of the pressure ring 205 is fixedly connected to a limiting block 207, and the outside of the thread 203 is matched with a nut 208.

[0035] As a further solution of the present invention: an adjustment plate 6 is fixedly connected to the back of the solar panel 5, and a slide groove 8 is provided on the side of the adjustment plate 6. The slide groove 8 runs through both sides of the adjustment plate 6, and a rack 7 is provided on the inner wall of the slide groove 8. A gear 9 is engaged with the rack 7. A rotating shaft is fixedly connected in the middle of the gear 9, and the rotating shaft runs through the slide groove 8 and extends to the outside. A support rod 10 is rotatably connected to the rotating shaft, and a turbine 11 is fixedly connected to the end of the rotating shaft. A worm 12 is cooperatively connected to the surface of the turbine 11, and a motor 13 is fixedly connected to the lower end of the worm 12, and the motor 13 is fixedly connected to the upper side of the support rod 10.

[0036] As a further solution of the present invention: the lower end of the support rod 10 is rotatably connected to the side of the first bracket 4 through a pin, the upper end of the fixed block 201 is fixedly connected to the reflector 3, the upper surface of the reflector 3 is a non-mirror body, the side of the pressure ring 205 is in contact with the side of the fixed block 201, the slot 202 is consistent with the side teeth 206, the limit block 207 is consistent with the notch 204, and the pressure ring 205 can slide on the surface of the thread 203.

[0037] As a further solution of the present invention: the solar panel 5 is provided with a frame on the outside, the back plate 501 is a light-transmitting plate, and the support rod 10 is flush with the side surface of the adjustment plate 6.

[0038] As a further solution of the present invention: the motor 13 rotates, so that the worm 12 drives the turbine 11 to rotate, so that the rotating shaft fixedly connected to the turbine 11 rotates inside the support rod 10, thereby rotating the gear 9, and because the gear 9 is engaged with the rack 7, the gear 9 rolls on the surface of the rack 7, and the lower end of the support rod 10 is rotatably connected to the first bracket 4, so that the angle of the adjustment plate 6 is adjusted. After adjusting to the appropriate position, stop the operation, then unscrew the nut 208, separate the pressure ring 205 from the limit block 207, rotate the fixed block 201, so that the fixed block 201 rotates around the second bracket 2, thereby driving the upper end of the reverse gear. After the light panel 3 is rotated and adjusted to the appropriate position, the pressure ring 205 is aligned with the fixed block 201, so that the side teeth 206 engage with the slots 202 and the stopper 207 cooperates with the notch 204. The nut 208 and the thread 203 cooperate to compress the pressure ring 205, preventing the fixed block 201 from rotating freely. When sunlight strikes the surface of the light-absorbing glass 505, it passes through the light-absorbing glass 505 and hits the solar cell 504. The movement of electrons within the solar cell 504 generates an electric field and generates electricity. The sunlight is concentrated on the surface of the solar cell 504 by the anti-reflection layer 503. At the same time, when sunlight strikes the surface of the reflector 3, it is diffusely reflected by the surface of the reflector 3 and reflected to the surface of the back panel 501. The light is then absorbed by the light-absorbing layer 502 and then, under the action of the anti-reflection layer 503, enters the surface of the solar cell 504, generating electricity. The electricity is then transmitted through the upper and lower electrodes 506 and connected to the wires.

[0039] Working principle: After the mounting bracket 1 is fixed in position, the motor 13 is rotated, so that the worm 12 drives the turbine 11 to rotate, so that the rotating shaft fixedly connected to the turbine 11 rotates inside the support rod 10, thereby rotating the gear 9. Because the gear 9 is engaged with the rack 7, the gear 9 rolls on the surface of the rack 7, and the lower end of the support rod 10 is rotatably connected to the first bracket 4, so that the angle of the adjustment plate 6 is adjusted. After adjusting to the appropriate position, stop the operation, then unscrew the nut 208, separate the pressure ring 205 from the limit block 207, rotate the fixed block 201, so that the fixed block 201 rotates around the second bracket 2, thereby driving the upper After the reflector 3 at the end is rotated and adjusted to the appropriate position, the pressure ring 205 is fitted with the fixed block 201, so that the side teeth 206 engage with the slots 202 and the stopper 207 cooperates with the notch 204. The nut 208 cooperates with the thread 203 to compress the pressure ring 205, preventing the fixed block 201 from rotating freely. When sunlight shines on the surface of the light-absorbing glass 505, it passes through the light-absorbing glass 505 and hits the solar cell 504. The movement of electrons within the solar cell 504 generates an electric field and generates electricity. The sunlight is concentrated on the surface of the solar cell 504 by the anti-reflection layer 503. At the same time, when sunlight shines on the surface of the reflector 3, it is diffusely reflected by the surface of the reflector 3 and reflected to the surface of the back plate 501. The light is absorbed by the light-absorbing layer 502 and then, under the action of the anti-reflection layer 503, it enters the surface of the solar cell 504, generating electricity. The electricity is then transmitted through the upper and lower electrodes 506 and connected to the wires.

[0040] It should be noted that, in this document, relational terms such as first and second, etc., are used only to distinguish one entity or operation from another entity or operation, and do not necessarily require or imply any actual relationship or order between these entities or operations. Moreover, the terms "comprises," "comprising," or any other variations thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that includes a list of elements includes not only those elements but also other elements not explicitly listed, or elements inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus.

[0041] While embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions, and variations may be made to these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, and that the scope of the invention is limited by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A high conversion efficiency doped single crystal bifacial solar cell, comprising a mounting frame (1), a solar panel (5) and a reflector (3), characterized in that: The top of the placement frame (1) is fixedly connected to a first bracket (4), and the bottom end of the first bracket (4) is rotatably connected to a battery panel (5) via a pin shaft; The solar panel (5) comprises a back plate (501), the lower surface of the back plate (501) is fixedly connected to an electrode (506), the upper surface of the back plate (501) is fixedly connected to a light absorbing layer (502), the upper surface of the light absorbing layer (502) is fixedly connected to an anti-reflection layer (503), the upper surface of the anti-reflection layer (503) is fixedly connected to a solar cell (504), and the upper surface of the solar cell (504) is fixedly connected to a light absorbing glass (505); The middle part of the placement frame (1) is fixedly connected to a second bracket (2), the second bracket (2) is rotatably connected to a fixed block (201), a side surface of the fixed block (201) is provided with a slot (202), an end side of the second bracket (2) is provided with a thread (203), an upper end of the second bracket (2) is provided with a notch (204), the outer surface of the thread (203) is provided with a pressure ring (205), the side surface of the pressure ring (205) is provided with side teeth (206), the inner wall of the pressure ring (205) is fixedly connected to a limit block (207), and the outer surface of the thread (203) is matched with a nut (208); The back of the solar panel (5) is fixedly connected to an adjustment plate (6), a side of the adjustment plate (6) is provided with a slide groove (8), the slide groove (8) passes through both sides of the adjustment plate (6), a rack (7) is provided on the inner wall of the slide groove (8), a gear (9) is meshed on the rack (7), a rotating shaft is fixedly connected in the middle of the gear (9), the rotating shaft passes through the slide groove (8) and extends to the outside, a support rod (10) is rotatably connected to the rotating shaft, a turbine (11) is fixedly connected to the end of the rotating shaft, a worm (12) is matched with the surface of the turbine (11), a motor (13) is fixedly connected to the lower end of the worm (12), and the motor (13) is fixedly connected to the upper part of the side of the support rod (10).

2. The high conversion efficiency doped single crystal bifacial solar cell according to claim 1, characterized in that: The lower end of the support rod (10) is rotatably connected to the side of the first bracket (4) via a pin.

3. The high conversion efficiency doped single crystal bifacial solar cell according to claim 1, characterized in that: The upper end of the fixed block (201) is fixedly connected to a reflective plate (3), and the upper surface of the reflective plate (3) is a non-mirror body.

4. The high conversion efficiency doped single crystal bifacial solar cell according to claim 1, characterized in that: The side surface of the pressure ring (205) fits with the side surface of the fixing block (201), the slot (202) fits with the side teeth (206), the limiting block (207) fits with the notch (204), and the pressure ring (205) can slide on the surface of the thread (203).

5. The high conversion efficiency doped single crystal bifacial solar cell according to claim 1, characterized in that: The solar panel (5) is provided with a frame on the outside.

6. The high conversion efficiency doped single crystal bifacial solar cell according to claim 1, characterized in that: The back plate (501) is a light-transmitting plate.

7. The high conversion efficiency doped single crystal bifacial solar cell according to claim 1, characterized in that: The support rod (10) is flush with the side surface of the adjustment plate (6).

8. A method for preparing a high conversion efficiency doped single crystal bifacial solar cell according to any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that: The specific steps are as follows: Step 1: Through the texturing process of single-crystal silicon, silicon is reacted with NaOH to form an anti-reflective texture on the silicon wafer. The texturing process of polycrystalline silicon is to add nitric acid and hydrofluoric acid to form an anti-reflective texture on the silicon wafer surface; Step 2: Phosphorus oxychloride is partially decomposed into P atoms on the surface of the p-type silicon wafer in a high-temperature furnace at 840°C. After high-temperature diffusion, it enters the silicon wafer as n-type dopant to form a pn junction, and at the same time, phosphorus silicon glass is formed on the surface of the silicon wafer; Step 3: The PN junction formed after diffusion still exists on the side and back of the silicon wafer and needs to be etched away to ensure the insulation of the PN junction. At the same time, the highly composite PSG layer must also be etched away. This process is done by dry or wet etching. Step 4: Plasma chemical vapor deposition is used to deposit silicon nitride and aluminum oxide materials on the surface of the silicon wafer. It is a process that produces Si3N4 and Al2O3 through chemical reaction at a temperature of 300-500℃.

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