System and method for artifact detection of images

Abstract

The invention is entitled "System and method for artifact detection of images." Systems and methods for acquiring images are described. One method can include detecting a patient residing on an examination table proximate to a system and detecting one or more artifact regions within an anatomical scan range of the patient. In some examples, the method can include generating an artifact region indicator for display by the system, where the artifact region indicator includes data indicating a location of each of the one or more artifact regions residing within the anatomical scan range of the patient.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The embodiments of the subject matter disclosed herein relate to non-invasive diagnostic imaging, and more specifically to detecting artifact regions and providing feedback on patient localization to avoid the appearance of known artifact regions in images. Background Technology

[0002] Non-invasive imaging techniques allow for the acquisition of images of the internal structures of a patient or object without the need for invasive procedures on that patient or object. Specifically, techniques such as computed tomography (CT) and others use various physical principles, such as differential transmission of X-rays through the imaging region of interest or target volume, to acquire image data and construct tomographic images (e.g., a three-dimensional representation of the interior of the human body or other imaging structures). Summary of the Invention

[0003] This invention provides a more detailed description of concepts in specific embodiments. It should not be used to determine the essential features of the claimed subject matter, nor should it be used to limit the scope of the claimed subject matter.

[0004] In one aspect, a system for acquiring images may include a processor that can detect one or more artifact regions within an anatomical scan range and generate an artifact region indicator for display by the system, wherein the artifact region indicator includes data indicating the location of each artifact region residing within one or more artifact regions within the anatomical scan range.

[0005] In some examples, the system is an X-ray imaging system, a computed tomography (CT) imaging system, a magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) system, a positron emission tomography (PET) imaging system, or a single-photon emission computed tomography (SPECT) imaging system, or a combination thereof. In some examples, one or more artifact regions may be located on the examination table, within the examination table, in an imaging accessory near the examination table, or a combination thereof. The processor may also detect one or more artifact regions in the pre-scan configuration of the system without acquiring an image.

[0006] In some examples, the processor may capture one or more camera images of a patient residing on an examination table, detect the patient's position on the examination table from the one or more camera images, and detect one or more artifact regions within the anatomical scan range, at least in part based on the patient's position and one or more artifact regions proximate to or near an imaging accessory coupled to the examination table. In one aspect, the processor may also detect one or more artifact regions in initial images acquired by the system.

[0007] In some examples, one or more artifact regions represent one or more metallic or non-metallic objects among the pre-configured or unknown components of the system. In some aspects, artifact region indicators may be displayed by the system on a display device electrically coupled to the system using a wired interface, a wireless interface, a projected image displayed on an examination table, or a combination thereof. In some examples, the processor may acquire an initial image of the patient residing on the examination table and detect one or more artifact regions from that initial image. In some examples, one or more artifact regions reside within a head holder coupled to the system.

[0008] In some examples, the processor may identify one or more artifact regions based on a predetermined configuration of one or more artifact regions within a set of components of the system or on detected artifact region indicators attached to system components. In some examples, the set of components of the system includes an inspection table, a head holder, a foot extender, a knee support device, or combinations thereof. The processor may also determine the artifact region indicator to be provided based on one or more exclusion zones associated with one or more artifact regions.

[0009] On the other hand, a method for acquiring an image may include detecting one or more artifacts within a patient's scan range and generating an artifact region indicator to be displayed, wherein the artifact region indicator includes data indicating the location of each artifact region residing within one or more artifact regions within the patient's scan range. In some examples, the method may include using one or more display devices to display the artifact region indicator.

[0010] In one aspect, a non-transitory machine-readable medium for acquiring images may include a plurality of instructions that, in response to execution by a processor, cause the processor to detect a patient residing on an examination table near the imaging system. The plurality of instructions may also cause the processor to detect one or more artifact regions within the patient's scan range. In some examples, the plurality of instructions may cause the processor to generate an artifact region indicator to be displayed, wherein the artifact region indicator includes data indicating the location of each of the one or more artifact regions residing within the patient's scan range. Furthermore, the plurality of instructions may cause the processor to display the artifact region indicator, wherein the artifact region indicator is displayed by a display device.

[0011] It should be understood that the above brief description is provided to introduce selected concepts further described in the detailed embodiments in a simplified form. This is not intended to identify key or essential features of the claimed subject matter, the scope of which is uniquely defined by the claims following the detailed embodiments. Furthermore, the claimed subject matter is not limited to embodiments that address any shortcomings mentioned above or in any part of this disclosure. Attached Figure Description

[0012] The present technology will be better understood by referring to the following description of non-limiting examples, in which:

[0013] Figure 1 A painting view of an exemplary imaging system according to the examples described herein is shown;

[0014] Figure 2 A block diagram of an exemplary imaging system according to the examples described herein is shown;

[0015] Figure 3 A flowchart illustrating an exemplary method for detecting artifact regions within a scan range, according to the examples described herein, is shown.

[0016] Figure 4 A flowchart illustrating an exemplary method for detecting artifact regions within a scan range, according to the examples described herein, is shown.

[0017] Figure 5 A schematic diagram illustrating an exemplary head retainer with artifact regions according to the examples described herein is shown.

[0018] Figure 6A and 6B An exemplary artifact region indicator is depicted as attached to a portion of an exemplary head retainer, according to the example described herein;

[0019] Figure 7 An exemplary screenshot of a user interface generated using a pre-scan acquisition of an imaging system, according to the example described herein, is shown.

[0020] Figure 8 An exemplary image generated using an initial scan of an imaging system according to the example described herein is shown; and

[0021] Figure 9 A block diagram of an exemplary non-transitory machine-readable medium for detecting artifact regions within a scan range, according to the examples described herein, is shown. Detailed Implementation

[0022] Now, we will use examples to refer to... Figures 1 to 9 The embodiments of this disclosure are described below, with the following description relating to various examples of imaging systems. Specifically, systems and methods for generating images that do not contain artifacts are provided. Artifacts, as mentioned herein, can include any metallic or non-metallic object, inspection table seam or gap, component, imaging accessory, etc., that make the image unclear or blurred. Figure 1 and 2 Examples of imaging systems that can be used to acquire images processed according to the technology of the present invention are provided. One method for detecting artifact regions is as follows: Figure 3 and Figure 4 The method shown may include detecting artifact regions within the anatomical scan range of a patient and generating an artifact region indicator to be displayed or otherwise provided. Figure 5 An exemplary imaging attachment with a potential artifact-generating region is shown. In some examples, an artifact region indicator may be attached to a portion of the imaging attachment to indicate the potential artifact-generating region, such as... Figure 6A and Figure 6B As shown. Figure 7 and Figure 8 Examples of pre-scan acquisition and initial scan are shown respectively. Figure 9 A block diagram of an exemplary non-transitory machine-readable medium is provided for detecting artifact regions that may form artifacts in an image.

[0023] The technique of detecting artifact regions within the scan range of a patient's region of interest prevents the generation of non-diagnostic, unclear, or blurry areas in the images. Therefore, this technique has the advantage of shortening the time required to perform a series of imaging scans on a patient by ensuring that the series of imaging scans does not contain artifacts. This technique also reduces the data storage and processing time of the imaging system by determining whether potential artifact-generating regions reside within the patient's scan range before capturing a series of images. Furthermore, the technical advantages of this technique may include reducing the dose of X-ray radiation exposed to the patient by acquiring images in a single imaging scan rather than requesting additional images due to image artifacts in the acquired images.

[0024] While CT systems have been described by way of example, it should be understood that this technique can also be useful when applied to images acquired using other imaging modalities such as X-ray imaging systems, magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) systems, positron emission tomography (PET) imaging systems, single-photon emission computed tomography (SPECT) imaging systems, and combinations thereof (e.g., multimodal imaging systems such as PET / CT, PET / MR, or SPECT / CT imaging systems). The present invention discussion of CT imaging systems provides only examples as suitable imaging systems.

[0025] Figure 1 An exemplary CT imaging system 100 configured for CT imaging is shown. Specifically, the CT imaging system 100 is configured to image a subject 112 (such as a patient, inanimate object, one or more manufactured parts) and / or foreign objects (such as implants and / or contrast agents present in the body). In one embodiment, the CT imaging system 100 includes a gantry 102, which may further include at least one x-ray source 104 configured to project an x-ray radiation beam 106 (see [link to documentation]). Figure 2This is used to image the subject 112 lying on the examination table 114. Specifically, the X-ray source 104 is configured to project an X-ray radiation beam 106 toward a detector array 108 positioned on the opposite side of the gantry 102. Although Figure 1 Only a single x-ray source 104 is depicted; however, in some embodiments, multiple x-ray sources and detectors can be used to project multiple x-ray radiation beams 106 to acquire projection data corresponding to different energy levels of the patient. In some embodiments, the x-ray source 104 can achieve dual-energy gemstone spectral imaging (GSI) by rapidly switching peak kilovolt (kVp) voltage. In some embodiments, the x-ray detector used is a photon-counting detector capable of distinguishing x-ray photons of different energies. In other embodiments, two sets of x-ray sources and detectors are used to generate dual-energy projections, one set configured for low kVp and the other for high kVp. Therefore, it should be understood that the methods described herein can be implemented using both single-energy acquisition techniques and dual-energy acquisition techniques.

[0026] In some embodiments, the CT imaging system 100 also includes an image processor unit 110 configured to identify the patient 112 on the examination table 114 and determine whether artifacts reside within the scan range of the patient 112. For example, the image processor unit 110 may capture camera images of the patient 112, components of the CT imaging system 100, or combinations thereof from a camera 116 coupled to the CT imaging system 100. The image processor unit 110 may analyze the camera images to determine whether artifacts exist within the scan range of the patient 112. In some examples, the CT imaging system 100 may also generate an artifact indicator to indicate whether the patient 112 is to be moved or to be moved to prevent artifacts from appearing in the image of the patient 112. The following is about... Figures 2 to 9 The techniques used to generate artifact indicators are described in more detail.

[0027] In some examples, image processor unit 110 may determine the presence of artifact regions in the region of interest before acquiring an initialization image, after acquiring an initialization image, or after acquiring one or more diagnostic images. For example, image processor unit 110 may detect potential artifact regions in the region of interest representing the scan range of subject 112 before acquiring an initialization image, such as a reconnaissance image. The initialization image may be any image acquired or captured using a low dose to configure the CT imaging system 102, the placement of subject 112 on the examination table 114, etc. In some examples, image processor unit 110 may determine the presence of artifact regions in the region of interest and provide a representation or indicator of the artifact regions after acquiring the initialization image. (See below for more details.) Figures 2 to 9The notifications, representations, or indicators of the artifact regions discussed may be displayed on the user interface or added to or merged with the initialization image.

[0028] In some examples, initial images may be acquired between one or more imaging scan series for subject 112. For example, image processor unit 110 may acquire initial images after acquiring diagnostic images for a protocol or one or more scan ranges. In some examples, image processor unit 110 may capture or acquire any number of initial images in any suitable sequence. Image processor unit 110 may detect and display artifact regions with any number of initial images. For example, image processor unit 110 may acquire successive initial images until an initial image is acquired and there are no artifact regions in the region of interest or scan range. In some examples, a single initial image may be acquired for multiple diagnostic imaging series, and image processor unit 110 may detect artifact regions in any region of interest across multiple diagnostic imaging series. For example, image processor unit 110 may detect artifact regions within initial images acquired from the abdomen, chest, and head of subject 112.

[0029] In some examples, the image processor unit 110 may acquire one or more initialization images and detect artifacts based on the one or more initialization images. For example, the image processor unit 110 may acquire a forward-backward (AP) initialization image, a lateral initialization image, or both an AP initialization image and a lateral initialization image, wherein the AP initialization image represents imaging data in a first plane, such as the XY plane in three-dimensional Cartesian space, and the lateral initialization image represents imaging data in a second plane, such as the XZ plane or YZ plane in three-dimensional Cartesian space.

[0030] In some examples, by acquiring an initial image and detecting artifact regions in the initial image, image processor unit 110 can detect artifact regions within the region of interest in the scan range without camera 116. For example, image processor unit 110 can implement any suitable machine learning technique that can identify or detect one or more artifact regions in the initial image. In some examples, camera 116 can be used to capture camera images of subject 112 and provide one or more camera images during the pre-acquisition process. In some examples, image processor unit 110 can detect images of the examination table without subject 112 and identify any number of known artifact regions on the examination table. Artifact regions or areas near artifact regions can be marked on the display or otherwise indicated.

[0031] In some examples, image processor unit 110 may also use iterative or analytical image reconstruction methods to reconstruct images of the target volume or region of interest of subject 112. For example, image processor unit 110 may use analytical image reconstruction methods such as filtered back projection (FBP) to reconstruct images of the patient's target volume. As another example, image processor unit 110 may use iterative image reconstruction methods such as advanced statistical iterative reconstruction (ASIR), conjugate gradient (CG), maximum likelihood expectation maximization (MLEM), model-based iterative reconstruction (MBIR), etc., to reconstruct images of the target volume of subject 112. As further described herein, in some examples, in addition to iterative image reconstruction methods, image processor unit 110 may also use analytical image reconstruction methods (such as FBP).

[0032] In some CT imaging system configurations, an X-ray source projects a cone-shaped X-ray beam, which is collimated to lie in the XYZ plane of a Cartesian coordinate system and is often referred to as the "imaging plane." The X-ray beam passes through the object being imaged, such as a patient or subject. After being attenuated by the object, the X-ray beam strikes an array of detector elements. The intensity of the attenuated X-ray beam received at the detector array depends on the attenuation of the beam by the object. Each detector element in the array generates a separate electrical signal, which is a measurement of the X-ray beam attenuation at the detector location. Attenuation measurements from all detector elements are acquired individually to produce a transmission distribution.

[0033] In some CT imaging systems, a gantry is used to rotate the X-ray source and detector array around the object being imaged within the imaging plane, causing the angle at which the radiation beam intersects the object to continuously change. A set of X-ray radiation attenuation measurements (e.g., projection data) from the detector array at a single gantry angle is referred to as a “view.” A “scan” of the object comprises a set of views acquired at different gantry angles or viewing angles during a single rotation of the X-ray source and detector. It is conceivable that the benefits of the methods described herein stem from imaging modalities other than CT; therefore, as used herein, the term “view” is not limited to the uses described above regarding projection data from a single gantry angle. The term “view” is used to refer to a single data acquisition whenever multiple data acquisitions from different angles exist (whether from a CT imaging system or any other imaging modality, including those yet to be developed) and combinations thereof.

[0034] Projection data is processed to reconstruct images corresponding to two-dimensional slices obtained from an object, or, in some examples, to reconstruct images corresponding to a three-dimensional rendering of the object, to reconstruct images from projection data that include multiple views or scans. One method for reconstructing images from a set of projection data is called filtered backprojection. Transmission and emission tomography reconstruction techniques also include statistical iterative methods, such as maximum likelihood expectation maximization (MLEM) and ordered subset expectation reconstruction techniques, as well as iterative reconstruction techniques. This method converts attenuation measurements from scans into integers called “CT numbers” or “Henness units,” which are used to control the brightness of the corresponding pixels on a display device.

[0035] In axial scanning, as the X-ray beam rotates within the gantry, the CT table on which the patient is positioned can be moved to the desired location and then held stationary to collect data. Multiple measurements from slices of the target volume can be reconstructed to form an image of the entire volume.

[0036] To reduce overall scan time, a "spiral" scan can be performed. To perform a "spiral" scan, the patient is moved while data from a predetermined number of slices is acquired. Such systems generate a single spiral from a cone-beam spiral scan. The spiral mapped out by the cone beam produces projection data, from which an image in each predetermined slice can be reconstructed.

[0037] As used herein, the phrase "reconstructed image" is not intended to exclude examples of this technique in which data representing an image is generated rather than a visual image. Therefore, as used herein, the term "image" broadly refers to both a visual image and the data representing that visual image. However, many embodiments generate (or are configured to generate) at least one visual image.

[0038] Figure 2 An exemplary imaging system 200 is illustrated. According to various aspects of this disclosure, the imaging system 200 is configured for imaging a patient or subject 204 (e.g., Figure 1 Imaging is performed on the subject 112. In one embodiment, the imaging system 200 includes a detector array 108 (see [link to image processing system]). Figure 1 The detector array 108 also includes a plurality of detector elements 202 that together sense an X-ray radiation beam 106 passing through the subject 204 (such as a patient) (see [link]). Figure 2 To acquire corresponding projection data. Therefore, in one embodiment, the detector array 108 is manufactured in a multi-slice configuration including multiple rows of cells or detector elements 202. In such a configuration, one or more additional rows of detector elements 202 are arranged in parallel for acquiring projection data.

[0039] In some embodiments, the imaging system 200 is configured to traverse different angular positions around the subject 204 to acquire the desired projection data. Therefore, the gantry 102 and the components mounted thereon can be configured to rotate about a center of rotation 206 to acquire projection data, for example, at different energy levels. Alternatively, in embodiments where the projection angle relative to the subject 204 varies over time, the mounted components can be configured to move along a generally curved path rather than along a circumference.

[0040] Therefore, as the X-ray source 104 and detector array 108 rotate, detector array 108 collects data of the attenuated X-ray beam. The data collected by detector array 108 then undergoes preprocessing and calibration to adjust the data to represent the line integral of the attenuation coefficient of the scanned subject 204. The processed data is typically referred to as the projection.

[0041] In some examples, individual detectors or detector elements 202 in detector array 108 may include photon counting detectors that register interactions of individual photons into one or more energy bins. It should be understood that the methods described herein can also be implemented using energy integration detectors.

[0042] The acquired projection dataset can be used for Base Material Decomposition (BMD). During BMD, the measured projections are converted into a set of material density projections. The material density projections can be reconstructed to form a pair or set of material density maps or images for each corresponding base material (such as bone, soft tissue, and / or contrast agent maps). The density maps or images can then be correlated to form a volumetric rendering of the base material (e.g., bone, soft tissue, and / or contrast agent) in the imaging volume.

[0043] Once reconstructed, the base material image generated by imaging system 200 reveals the internal features of subject 204 represented by the densities of the two base materials. Density images can be displayed to illustrate these features. In traditional methods of diagnosing medical conditions (such as disease states), and more generally, medical events, radiologists or physicians will consider a hard copy or display of the density image to identify features of interest. Such features may include lesions, size, and shape of specific anatomical structures or organs, as well as other features that should be identifiable in the image based on the individual practitioner's skill and knowledge.

[0044] In one embodiment, the imaging system 200 includes a control mechanism 208 for controlling the movement of components, such as the rotation of the gantry 102 and the operation of the x-ray source 104. In some embodiments, the control mechanism 208 further includes an x-ray controller 210 configured to provide power and timing signals to the x-ray source 104. Additionally, the control mechanism 208 includes a gantry motor controller 212 configured to control the rotational speed and / or position of the gantry 102 based on imaging requirements.

[0045] In some embodiments, control unit 208 further includes a data acquisition system (DAS) 214 configured to sample analog data received from detector element 202 and convert the analog data into digital signals for subsequent processing. DAS 214 can also be configured to selectively aggregate a subset of analog data from detector element 202 into a so-called macro detector, as further described herein. The data sampled and digitized by DAS 214 is transferred to a computer or computing device 216. In one example, computing device 216 stores the data in a storage device or mass storage device 218. For example, storage device 218 may include hard disk drives, floppy disk drives, optical disc read / write (CD-R / W) drives, digital versatile optical disc (DVD) drives, flash memory drives, and / or solid-state storage drives.

[0046] Additionally, computing device 216 provides commands and parameters to one or more of the DAS 214, x-ray controller 210, and rack motor controller 212 to control system operations, such as data acquisition and / or processing. In some embodiments, computing device 216 controls system operations based on operator input. Computing device 216 receives operator input, such as commands and / or scan parameters, via an operator console 220 operably coupled to computing device 216. Operator console 220 may include a keyboard (not shown) or a touchscreen to allow the operator to specify commands and / or scan parameters.

[0047] Although Figure 2 Only one operator console 220 is shown, but more than one operator console may be coupled to the imaging system 200, for example, for inputting or outputting system parameters, requesting checks, plotting data, and / or viewing images. Furthermore, in some embodiments, the imaging system 200 may be coupled via one or more configurable wired and / or wireless networks (such as the Internet and / or VPNs, wireless telephone networks, wireless LANs, wired LANs, wireless WANs, wired WANs, etc.) to multiple displays, printers, workstations, and / or similar devices, for example, located locally or remotely within an institution or hospital or in completely different locations.

[0048] In one implementation, for example, the imaging system 200 includes or is coupled to a Picture Archiving and Communication System (PACS) 224. In an exemplary implementation, the PACS 224 is further coupled to a remote system (such as a radiology information system, a hospital information system) and / or coupled to an internal or external network (not shown) to allow operators in different locations to supply commands and parameters and / or obtain access to image data.

[0049] The computing device 216 operates the inspection table motor controller 226 using operator-provided and / or system-defined commands and parameters. This inspection table motor controller, in turn, controls the inspection table 114, which may be an electric inspection table. Specifically, the inspection table motor controller 226 can move the inspection table 114 to properly position the subject 204 within the rack 102 to acquire projection data corresponding to the region of interest of the subject 204.

[0050] As previously described, the DAS 214 samples and digitizes the projection data acquired by detector element 202. Subsequently, the image reconstructor 230 uses the sampled and digitized X-ray data to perform high-speed reconstruction. Although Figure 2 Image reconstructor 230 is shown as a separate entity, but in some embodiments, image reconstructor 230 may be part of computing device 216. Alternatively, image reconstructor 230 may not be present in imaging system 200, and alternatively, computing device 216 may perform one or more functions of image reconstructor 230. Furthermore, image reconstructor 230 may be located locally or remotely and may be operatively connected to imaging system 200 using wired or wireless networks. In some examples, computing resources in a "cloud" network cluster may be available for image reconstructor 230.

[0051] In one embodiment, image reconstructor 230 stores the reconstructed image in storage device 218. Alternatively, image reconstructor 230 may transfer the reconstructed image to computing device 216 to generate usable patient information for diagnosis and evaluation. In some embodiments, computing device 216 may transfer the reconstructed image and / or patient information to a display or display device 232 communicatively coupled to computing device 216 and / or image reconstructor 230. In some embodiments, the reconstructed image may be transferred from computing device 216 or image reconstructor 230 to storage device 218 for short-term or long-term storage.

[0052] In some examples, the imaging system 200 may implement an artifact manager 234 for identifying or detecting artifacts and acquiring images. For example, the artifact manager 234 may include a graphical user interface provided to the display device 232 of the imaging system 200. The graphical user interface displayed by the display device 232 may provide a real-time video stream of the patient on the examination table 114 of the imaging system 200, an initial image with detected artifacts, etc. In some examples, the artifact manager 234 may be stored on a storage device 218. The storage device 218 may also store sensor data from any number of sensors 236 capable of detecting artifacts. In some examples, the sensors 236 may include gyroscopes, accelerometers, ambient light sensors, cameras, etc. The sensors 236 may receive or capture patient position data that may include camera images, pressure sensor data, or any other sensor data indicating the patient's position or location on the examination table 114 of the imaging system 200. For example, the sensor data may indicate the location of the subject in the region of interest on the examination table, and the artifact manager 234 may use the sensor data to determine whether an artifact area is located within the region of interest. In some examples, sensor 236 may be electrically coupled to computing device 216, or sensor 236 may be coupled to CT imaging system 102, and computing device 216 may receive sensor data from CT imaging system 102 using any suitable wired or wireless interface. In some examples, sensor 236 may detect sensor data from examination table 114, which may be vertically or horizontally positioned near imaging system 200.

[0053] In some examples, computing device 216, CT imaging system 102, or any combination thereof can execute instructions received or generated by artifact manager 234. Artifact manager 234 may be stored in mass storage device 218, the memory of computing device 216 (not shown), the memory of CT imaging system 102 (not shown), or any suitable storage device or memory device coupled to CT imaging system 102. In some examples, artifact manager 234 may generate instructions to provide one or more indicators representing or indicating the presence of artifacts in the region of interest of patient 112. For example, artifact manager 234 may analyze the position of patient 112 and compare it to the scanned target area. If patient position information indicates the presence of an artifact region in the region of interest of patient 112, artifact manager 234 may use computing device 216, CT imaging system 102, or any combination thereof to provide any number of artifact indicators to assist patient 112 in moving or changing position. Artifact indicators may include any number of graphical user interface depictions, warnings, lights, audio messages, projections, etc. In some examples, computing device 216 may generate artifact indicators and transmit instructions to CT imaging system 102 to provide the artifact indicators to subject 112.

[0054] In some examples, a display 232 coupled to computing device 216 enables an operator or clinician to access or view data from artifact manager 234 and assess the anatomical structures of the imaging. Display 232 may also allow the operator, for example via a graphical user interface (GUI), to select the volume of interest (VOI) and / or request patient information for subsequent scanning or processing. In some examples, display 232 may be electrically coupled to computing device 216, CT imaging system 102, or any combination thereof. For example, display 232 may receive data, such as artifact indicators, from artifact manager 234 and provide artifact indicators to the patient 102 or clinician near CT imaging system 102 by displaying the artifact indicators on display 232. In some examples, display 232 may display or provide artifact indicators to a clinician or operator near computing device 216. Computing device 216 may be located near CT imaging system 102, or it may be located in another room, area, or remote location.

[0055] In some examples, the artifact manager 234 may be implemented, partially or entirely, in the hardware of the CT imaging system 102, the computing device 216, or any combination thereof. For example, the functionality of the artifact manager 234 may be implemented using an application-specific integrated circuit, logic implemented in an embedded controller, or logic implemented in a processor. In some examples, the functionality of the artifact manager 234 may be implemented using logic, wherein the logic as referred to herein includes any suitable hardware (e.g., processor, graphics card, etc.), software (e.g., application program, operating system, etc.), firmware, or any suitable combination of hardware, software, and firmware.

[0056] The various methods and processes further described herein (such as those referenced below) Figure 3 The methods described herein may be stored as executable instructions in a non-transitory memory on a computing device (or controller) within the imaging system 200. In one embodiment, the table motor controller 226, x-ray controller 210, gantry motor controller 212, image reconstructor 230, and artifact manager 234 may include such executable instructions in the non-transitory memory, and the methods described herein may be applied to provide artifact indicators. In another embodiment, the computing device 216 may contain instructions in the non-transitory memory, and the methods described herein may be applied at least in part to detect artifacts formed by components of the imaging system 200. In yet another embodiment, the methods and processes described herein may be distributed across the CT imaging system 102 and the computing device 216.

[0057] Figure 3 An exemplary process flowchart for detecting artifact regions within a patient's scan range is shown. In some examples, method 300 can be used with any suitable device such as CT imaging system 102 or... Figure 2 The imaging system 200 is used to achieve this.

[0058] At step 302, method 300 may include positioning the patient on the examination table of the imaging system.

[0059] At step 304, method 300 may include detecting one or more artifact regions within a predetermined anatomical scan area of ​​the patient. In some examples, artifacts correspond to metallic components or components made of other materials that can blur the patient's image. For example, artifact regions may reside within a head holder coupled to the CT imaging system, within a foot extender, etc. In some embodiments, method 300 may include identifying one or more artifact regions based on a predetermined configuration of one or more artifact regions within a set of components of the system. For example, the predetermined configuration may indicate the location of artifact regions within components of the CT imaging system. Components of the system may include an examination table, head holder, foot extender, knee pad support device, electrodes, pediatric positioning device, chin rest, examination table pad, support cover, or any other imaging accessory or any combination thereof. In some examples, any number of components or imaging accessories may be used in the patient's CT scan. For example, a head holder and a knee support device may be used in a whole-body scan of the patient.

[0060] In some examples, method 300 may include determining a region of interest or target volume of a patient or subject to be scanned for CT imaging. For example, method 300 may include determining the region of interest and a scan range corresponding to a scheme of images or a series of images to be acquired. In some examples, method 300 may also include determining one or more artifact regions within the scan range of CT image acquisition based on the region of interest or target volume of the patient to be scanned. For example, method 300 may include detecting one or more artifact regions that can form artifacts in one or more images. As discussed above, artifact regions may include metallic objects, non-metallic objects, etc., that blur one or more image regions acquired from the patient's region of interest.

[0061] Still at step 304, in some examples, method 300 may include detecting artifact regions within the scan range of a single image or a series of images based on scanning schemes, camera images, or video. For example, artifact regions may be detected before acquiring initial images, such as reconnaissance images. In some examples, a real-time video feed of the patient's position on the examination table may provide visual feedback indicating whether the patient has moved to a position that allows for a full scan range without artifact regions. In some examples, artifact regions may be detected from reconnaissance images showing potential artifact regions in the displayed images.

[0062] In some examples, exclusion zones corresponding to each artifact region can be detected and displayed. As mentioned herein, exclusion zones can indicate two-dimensional or three-dimensional regions adjacent to the detected artifact region to be excluded or located outside the region of interest. In some examples, the size of the exclusion zones for artifact regions, such as the hinge of a head retainer, can be modified. In some examples, each exclusion zone can also be displayed in a different color to indicate a different artifact region. For example, a first artifact region, such as a head retainer, can be displayed in a first color, and a second artifact region, such as a foot extender, can be displayed in a second color. The size of each exclusion zone can also differ based on the detected artifact region. For example, a hinge can have an exclusion zone of a first size, and the attachment between the head retainer and the inspection table can have an exclusion zone of a second size.

[0063] At step 306, method 300 may include generating an artifact region indicator to be displayed by the system. In some examples, the artifact region indicator indicates or represents whether the patient is aligned on the examination table within the region of interest of the CT image and whether there are no artifact regions. For example, the artifact region indicator may indicate whether the patient is aligned on the examination table with at least one artifact region within the patient's scan range. In some examples, method 300 may include providing an artifact region indicator representing detected artifact regions to one or more displays electrically coupled to the system. For example, the displays may provide an image of the patient's scan region on the examination table, as well as any detected artifact regions from system components or image attachments within the scan range.

[0064] In some examples, method 300 may include determining the type of artifact region indicator to be provided based on one or more exclusion zones associated with one or more artifact regions. For example, the type of artifact region indicator may include the color of the artifact region indicator provided using a display device, the color of light projected onto the examination table, etc. In some examples, the color of the artifact region indicator represents different exclusion zones or exclusion zones of different sizes. For example, an exclusion zone representing a hinge in a head retainer attached to an imaging system may be represented by a first color, a first image, or a first alarm provided to a clinician or patient. In some examples, an exclusion zone representing a metal connector between the head retainer and the examination table may be represented by a second color, a second image, or a second alarm, etc.

[0065] At step 308, method 300 may include providing or displaying an artifact region indicator using an imaging system. For example, method 300 may include projecting information representing the artifact region indicator onto an examination table proximate to the imaging system, displaying the artifact region indicator using a display device coupled to the imaging system, or displaying the artifact region indicator using a remote display device. In some examples, the artifact region indicator, exclusion zone, or a combination thereof may be provided within the display device along with an initialization image or reconnaissance image, among other information. The exclusion zone may be provided in an initialization or reconnaissance image that includes artifacts, or in an initialization or reconnaissance image that does not include artifacts. In some examples, the artifact region indicator is provided to the patient so that the patient can move or reposition themselves on the examination table to prevent artifacts from appearing in one or more images. For example, the artifact region indicator may be displayed by a display device proximate to the imaging system so that the patient can see the direction, distance, or combination of direction and distance of movement on the examination table. In some examples, the patient may be notified to move a predetermined distance based on a real-time video stream of the patient and in conjunction with artifact regions detected on the initialization image. In some examples, the artifact region indicator may be provided to the patient or clinician during the pre-acquisition process before acquiring the initial image, or the artifact region indicator may be provided to the patient or clinician within the initial image along with the initial image, or as a set of instructions generated based on artifact regions detected within the initial image.

[0066] Figure 3 The process flowchart of Method 300 is not intended to indicate that every example includes all operations of steps 302 to 308 of Method 300. Additionally, Figure 3 The process flow diagram of method 300 describes the possible sequence of operations. However, it should be understood that the operations of method 300 can be implemented in various sequences or orders. Furthermore, in some examples, method 300 may include fewer or additional operations. For example, method 300 may include modifying a series of images to be acquired for a given scheme based on detected artifact regions. For example, the scan range may be adjusted or modified to a smaller scan range, a larger scan range, or scan ranges with different start positions, different end positions, or combinations thereof.

[0067] In some examples, method 300 may include capturing one or more camera images of a patient residing on an examination table, detecting the patient's position on the examination table from the one or more camera images, and detecting that one or more artifact regions are within the anatomical scan range, at least in part based on the patient's position and a predetermined configuration of one or more artifact regions near the examination table or near a component attached to the examination table. For example, a predetermined configuration of a head holder may indicate that the artifact region is located at the base of the head holder, and the camera images may indicate that the scan range of the subject is above the base of the head holder. In some examples, method 300 may include generating an artifact region indicator to represent the artifact region at the base of the head holder.

[0068] Figure 4 An exemplary process flowchart for a method of detecting artifact regions is shown. In some examples, method 400 can be used with any suitable device, such as... Figure 1 CT imaging system 102 or Figure 2 This is achieved through computing devices such as 216.

[0069] At step 402, method 400 includes receiving a proposal for a particular protocol or otherwise selecting a protocol for the patient. A protocol, as referred to herein, is an imaging technique with multiple imaging parameters used to acquire images or a series of images of a specific region of interest of the subject or patient. In some examples, the protocol may indicate the scan range, the region of interest of the body corresponding to the scan range, the dose, the X-ray source settings, and multiple or other settings or parameters, etc.

[0070] The scan range indicates the start and end positions of each image to be acquired by the imaging system. In some examples, the protocol can be shared among multiple patients, or each patient can have a personalized protocol. For example, a personalized protocol could specify the scan range based on the patient's height or weight.

[0071] At step 404, method 400 includes detecting or identifying one or more imaging accessories or components coupled to the imaging system. For example, a camera electrically coupled to a CT imaging system can capture images of the CT imaging system and use any suitable technique, such as machine learning, to identify the imaging accessories or components coupled to the CT imaging system. Imaging accessories or components may include various types of head holders, foot extenders, knee pad holders, etc. In some examples, the CT imaging system may receive images from the camera via any suitable interface, such as a wired or wireless interface.

[0072] At step 406, method 400 includes displaying or otherwise providing a video stream of a detected patient residing on an examination table of an imaging system. For example, method 400 may include receiving one or more images of the examination table of a CT imaging system and using machine learning techniques, etc., to identify an object or component placed on the examination table. In some examples, method 400 may include determining that the object placed on the examination table is a patient.

[0073] At step 408, method 400 includes determining whether the patient’s region of interest is located above the artifact region.

[0074] If the patient's region of interest is positioned above the artifact region, the process continues at step 410. At step 410, method 400 may include displaying or otherwise providing a notification via one or more display devices coupled to the imaging system. The notification may indicate that the patient is positioned above the artifact region. In some examples, the notification may include a display, image, or live streaming video indicating that the patient can be positioned above the artifact region, and instructions for moving the patient to avoid the artifact region. If the patient's region of interest is not positioned above the artifact region, the process continues at step 412.

[0075] At step 412, method 400 may include determining whether the scan range is defined within an area including an artifact region of the examination table or an imaging accessory or component coupled to the examination table. The artifact region may include any suitable metallic object, such as a hinge or connector. In some examples, the artifact region may include any object made of a material that can blur patient images acquired by the CT imaging system. The artifact region may be located on, within, or in a component adjacent to the examination table, or a combination thereof. In some examples, the artifact region represents one or more metallic or non-metallic objects in a pre-configured or unknown component of the system. For example, a known or pre-configured component may have an artifact region with a known location. A head retainer or foot extender may have any number of known locations of hinges and connectors. In some examples, an unknown component may have an artifact region with an unknown location. Method 400 may include acquiring an initial image of the unknown component to determine the location of the artifact region. In some examples, the artifact region of the unknown artifact region may be stored in any suitable data repository. If the scan range includes at least one artifact region, the process flow continues at step 414.

[0076] At step 414, method 400 includes displaying an artifact region indicator having information indicating that the artifact region is located within the patient's scan range. In some examples, the artifact region indicator may also include a patient display, an image or live video stream, and an exclusion area corresponding to the artifact region within the scan range. In some examples, the artifact region indicator may be displayed by a display device coupled to a remote computing device, by a display device coupled to an imaging system such as a CT imaging system, or the artifact region indicator may be projected onto an examination table within the scan range of the patient's or subject's region of interest. The process flow continues at step 416.

[0077] At step 416, method 400 includes verifying or confirming that the patient is positioned within the scan range that does not contain artifact regions. For example, the patient or subject may move or be moved after notification of an artifact region within the scan range of the patient's or subject's region of interest. In some examples, moving the patient or subject may eliminate the need for initializing or reconnaissance images. Images or videos of the patient can be captured using any suitable camera, and machine learning techniques can be used to confirm or verify the patient's position to detect if the patient has changed position, thereby preventing artifacts from forming in the image or series of images. The process ends upon completion of step 416. In some examples, the process flow may also end at step 412 if no artifact regions are identified within the scan range.

[0078] Figure 4 The process flowchart of Method 400 is not intended to indicate that every example includes all operations of steps 402 to 416 of Method 400. Additionally, Figure 4 The process flowchart of method 400 describes the possible order of operations. However, it should be understood that the operations of method 400 can be implemented in various orders or sequences. Furthermore, in some examples, method 400 may contain fewer or additional operations.

[0079] Figure 5An exemplary head holder component is shown attached to an examination table with artifact regions. In some examples, any number of imaging attachments or components, such as head holder 500, may be attached to or coupled to examination table 501. Imaging attachments or components may include any number of artifact regions or metallic objects that make the image unclear or blurred. For example, head holder 500 includes artifact regions 502 and 504 at the base and top of head holder 500, respectively. In some examples, imaging attachments or components, such as head holder 500, may include artifact regions at any suitable location, such as the base of head holder 500, the side of head holder 500, the middle region of head holder 500, etc. In some examples, artifact regions 502 and 504 may include hinges or connectors made of a material that blurs images (such as X-ray images, CT images, etc.).

[0080] Figure 6A and Figure 6B An exemplary artifact region indicator attached to a portion of the head retainer is depicted. In some examples, the artifact region indicator 600 can be any suitable material, such as an adhesive material, representing an artifact region in an imaging accessory or component of an imaging system. Figure 6A As shown, in some examples, the artifact region indicator 600 may be a label or material attached to part of a head holder, foot extender, knee rest, etc. The artifact indicator 600 may indicate that the patient is positioned at the top of the artifact region and indicates that the patient should be moved to reduce the increased probability of image artifacts in the scanned area. In some examples, the artifact region indicator 600 may be placed or attached to the head holder 602 or any other suitable imaging accessory or component of the imaging system. The artifact region indicator 600 may be placed on the end of the examination table 604 where the adjustment block is located, on top of the head holder 602, or positioned near any other suitable artifact region in the imaging accessory or component of the imaging system.

[0081] In some examples, the artifact region indicator 600 may be positioned at any suitable distance from the top of the head holder 602 or within a predetermined distance from the artifact region. For example, the artifact region indicator 600 may be positioned within 1 inch, 2 inches, 4 inches, or any other suitable distance from the artifact region. In some examples, the predetermined distance at which the artifact region indicator 600 is placed indicates an exclusion zone, where the patient's region of interest is not placed during image capture or acquisition.

[0082] Figure 6BThis is a perspective view of an exemplary artifact region indicator 600. The artifact region indicator 600 may be placed around or near the artifact region. For example, the artifact region indicator 600 may be attached to an extension 604 of the head holder 602. In some examples, any number of artifact region indicators 600 may be attached or attached to imaging accessories or components of an imaging system. For example, the artifact region indicator 600 may be attached to an extension 604 of the head holder 602, etc.

[0083] Figure 7 These are exemplary screenshots of a user interface generated using pre-scan acquisition from an imaging system. In some examples, the pre-scan user interface 700 may include patient information, protocol information, and any suitable number of images, videos, or combinations thereof. For example, patient information 702 may include the patient's height, weight, age, and descriptions such as the location of implants within the patient. In some examples, the pre-scan user interface 700 may include an image of the patient or a live video stream 704 on the imaging system's examination table. The pre-scan user interface 700 may also include the location of an artifact region 706, or an exclusion area indicating the artifact region 706. For example, the pre-scan user interface 700 may include a highlighted area indicating an exclusion area near an artifact region within the image or live video stream 704. In some examples, the patient's pre-scan user interface 700 may incorporate an image of the patient or a live video stream 704 on an examination table, formatted to include an exclusion area or artifact region 706, allowing the clinician or patient to see the patient's position relative to the artifact region 706. The pre-scan user interface 700 may also include an artifact region indicator 708 that specifies information about artifact regions, their locations, and recommended actions to prevent them from appearing in patient images. In some examples, the pre-scan user interface 700 enables the detection of one or more artifact regions in the system's pre-scan configuration without acquiring patient images.

[0084] It should be understood that the pre-scan user interface 700 may include fewer or additional elements. For example, the pre-scan user interface 700 may include images or live video streams 704, but may not include patient information 702. The pre-scan user interface 700 may also include additional information related to the patient or examinee, clinician, imaging system, and facilities used to acquire images.

[0085] Figure 8This is an illustration of an exemplary initialization image captured by an imaging system. In some examples, the initialization image 800 (also referred to herein as a reconnaissance image) may include a single image of the subject or patient. The initialization image 800 may be acquired prior to images acquired in a higher-dose acquisition protocol. The initialization image 800 may include lower doses of X-ray radiation, etc., and may be used to determine the patient's position or location prior to acquiring a series of images for a protocol such as a head scan, abdominal scan, etc. In some examples, the initialization image 800 may include an artifact region indicator 804 or warning in response to artifacts 806 captured within the initialization image 800. For example, the artifact region indicator 804 may suggest moving the subject or patient a specific distance, a specific direction, or a combination thereof away from the artifact region 802, thereby preventing artifacts 806 from blurring the image captured during scanning.

[0086] In some examples, warnings for artifact region indicator 804 or artifact region 802 may be included in the initialization image 800 near artifact 806. For example, artifact region warning 802 may appear near any suitable artifact 806, such as a hinge in a head retainer, a hinge in a foot extender, etc. It should be understood that the initialization image 800 may include fewer or additional elements. For example, the initialization image 800 may include any number of artifact indicators representing or corresponding to any number of artifacts 806 in the initialization image 800. In some examples, the initialization image 800 may also include additional patient information, imaging information, etc.

[0087] Figure 9 This is an example of a non-transitory machine-readable medium used for detecting artifact regions within the region of interest or scan range of a subject, based on an example. The non-transitory machine-readable medium 900 can achieve... Figure 1 Image processor unit 110 Figure 2 The computing device 216 or a combination thereof, etc. For example, the processor 902, computing device 216, or any other suitable device in the control system of the CT imaging system 102 can access the non-transitory machine-readable medium 900.

[0088] In some examples, the non-transitory machine-readable medium 900 may include instructions for performing the artifact manager 234. For example, the non-transitory machine-readable medium 900 may include instructions for the artifact manager 234 that cause the processor 902 to generate and provide artifact indicators representing artifacts in the region of interest or scan range of the subject. The non-transitory machine-readable medium 900 may also include instructions for implementing any combination of features of the artifact manager 234 described in the above examples.

[0089] As used herein, elements or steps listed in the singular and beginning with the word "a" or "an" should be understood to not exclude multiple said elements or steps unless such exclusion is explicitly stated. Furthermore, references to "an embodiment" of the invention are not intended to be construed as excluding the existence of additional embodiments that also include the referenced features. Moreover, unless explicitly stated to the contrary, embodiments that "comprise," "include," or "have" elements or multiple elements having a particular characteristic may include additional such elements that do not have that characteristic. The terms "comprise" and "in..." are used as concise linguistic equivalents to the corresponding terms "comprising" and "wherein". Furthermore, the terms "first," "second," and "third," etc., are used merely as notations and are not intended to impose numerical requirements or a particular order of position on their objects.

[0090] The embodiments shown in the accompanying drawings and described above are merely exemplary embodiments and are not intended to limit the scope of the appended claims, including any equivalents included within the scope of the claims. Various modifications are possible and will be apparent to those skilled in the art. Any combination of non-mutually exclusive features described herein is intended to be within the scope of the invention. That is, features of the embodiments may be combined with any suitable aspect described above, and optional features of any aspect may be combined with any other suitable aspect. Similarly, features listed in dependent claims may be combined with non-mutually exclusive features of other dependent claims, particularly where the dependent claims are subordinate to the same independent claim. In some jurisdictions that claim a single dependent claim, such dependent claims may have been used in practice, but this should not be construed as meaning that features in dependent claims are mutually exclusive.

Claims

1. A system for acquiring images, comprising: Processor, the processor: The attachments of the system are pre-configured to indicate the location of artifact regions associated with the attachments, and the pre-configured attachments have artifact regions with known locations; The anatomical scan range of the patient is defined based on the scanning protocol; Detect the known artifact regions within the anatomical scan range; as well as Generate artifact region indicators, which include artifact region indicators for display by the system and artifact region indicators attached to the attachments of the system, wherein the displayed artifact region indicators include data indicating the location of the known artifact regions residing within the anatomical scan range.

2. The system of claim 1, wherein the system is an x-ray imaging system, a computed tomography (CT) imaging system, a magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) system, a positron emission tomography (PET) imaging system, or a single-photon emission computed tomography (SPECT) imaging system.

3. The system of claim 1, wherein the known artifact region is located on the inspection table, within the inspection table, in an imaging accessory near the inspection table, or a combination thereof.

4. The system of claim 1, wherein the processor is configured to detect the known artifact regions in the pre-scan configuration of the system without acquiring an image.

5. The system of claim 1, wherein the processor is configured to detect the known artifact regions in an initialization image, wherein the initialization image includes a reconnaissance image.

6. The system of claim 4, wherein the processor is configured to: Capture one or more camera images of the patient residing on the examination table; Detecting the patient's position on the examination table from the one or more camera images; and The known artifact region is detected to be within the anatomical scan range based at least in part on the patient’s location and the known artifact region being close to the examination table or close to an imaging accessory coupled to the examination table.

7. The system of claim 1, wherein the processor is configured to detect the known artifact regions in an initial image acquired by the system.

8. The system of claim 1, wherein the artifact region represents one or more metallic or non-metallic objects among the pre-configured components or unknown components of the system.

9. The system of claim 1, wherein the artifact region indicator is displayed by the system on a display device, the display device being electrically coupled to the system via a wired interface, a wireless interface, a projected image displayed on an inspection table, or a combination thereof.

10. The system of claim 1, wherein the processor is configured to: Acquire an initial image of the patient residing on the examination table; and Detect the known artifact regions from the initialized image.

11. The system of claim 1, wherein the known artifact region resides within a head holder coupled to the system.

12. The system of claim 1, wherein the processor is configured to identify the known artifact regions based on a predetermined configuration of the known artifact regions within a set of components of the system or detected artifact regions of components attached to the system.

13. The system of claim 12, wherein the set of components of the system includes an examination table, a head holder, a foot extender, a knee support device, or a combination thereof.

14. The system of claim 1, wherein the processor is configured to determine an artifact region indicator to be provided based on one or more exclusion regions associated with the known artifact region.

15. A method for acquiring an image, comprising: An attachment to an imaging system is pre-configured to indicate the location of an artifact region associated with the attachment, wherein the pre-configured attachment has an artifact region with a known location; The anatomical scan range of the patient is defined based on the scanning protocol; Detect the known artifact regions within the patient's scan range; Generate an artifact region indicator, the artifact region indicator including an artifact region indicator for display by the imaging system and an artifact region indicator attached to the accessory of the imaging system, wherein the displayed artifact region indicator includes data indicating the location of the known artifact region residing within the scan range of the patient; as well as Use one or more display devices to display the artifact region indicator.

16. The method of claim 15, the method comprising determining an artifact region indicator to be displayed based on one or more exclusion regions associated with the known artifact region.

17. The method of claim 15, wherein the known artifact region is located on the inspection table, within the inspection table, in an imaging accessory near the inspection table, or a combination thereof.

18. The method of claim 15, wherein the method includes detecting the known artifact region in a pre-scan configuration of the imaging system without acquiring diagnostic images of the patient.

19. The method of claim 18, wherein the method comprises: Capture one or more camera images of the patient residing on the examination table; Detect the patient's position on the examination table from the one or more camera images; as well as The known artifact region is detected within the scanning range based at least in part on the patient's location and the known artifact region near the examination table or near a component coupled to the examination table.

20. A non-transitory machine-readable medium for acquiring images, the non-transitory machine-readable medium comprising a plurality of instructions, the plurality of instructions being responsive to execution by a processor to cause the processor to: Detecting patients residing on the examination table near the imaging system; The attachments of the imaging system are pre-configured to indicate the location of artifact regions associated with the attachments, and the pre-configured attachments have artifact regions with known locations; The anatomical scan range of the patient is defined based on the scanning protocol; Detect the known artifact regions within the scan range of the patient; Generate an artifact region indicator, the artifact region indicator including an artifact region indicator for display by the imaging system and an artifact region indicator attached to the accessory of the imaging system, wherein the displayed artifact region indicator includes data indicating the location of the known artifact region residing within the scan range of the patient; And use a display device to display the artifact region indicator.

Images