Antenna selection method and device

Abstract

The embodiment of the present invention discloses a method and device for antenna selection, which relates to the field of communications. The method is applied to the random access process of a terminal including at least two antennas, including: the terminal selects the best antenna among the at least two antennas as the first antenna; the terminal sends a first message to the base station on the first antenna, and the first message is a random access preamble; when the terminal fails to successfully receive the second message sent by the base station, and the number of times the terminal sends the first message on the first antenna reaches a first preset number, the terminal selects the best antenna from the at least two antennas as the second antenna according to a first condition, and the second message is a random access response; the terminal sends the first message on the second antenna. In this way, the terminal increases the probability of successful message transmission by introducing the antenna optimization method during the random access process, thereby enhancing the user experience.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present application relates to the field of communications, and in particular to a method and device for selecting an antenna. Background Art

[0002] When using a terminal device, the antenna is often blocked, resulting in a large signal attenuation and affecting the service experience. To solve this problem, the terminal device is usually designed with multiple antennas, and the uplink antenna selection technology is used to avoid this problem. Multiple antennas can share one RF (Radio Frequency) link, so higher performance can be achieved without increasing the complexity of the hardware.

[0003] In the prior art, after a terminal and a base station establish a connection, the terminal usually selects the best uplink antenna through periodic evaluation. In order to accurately obtain the best uplink antenna, the terminal needs to collect statistics on downlink measurement indicators for a relatively long period. Summary of the invention

[0004] The embodiments of the present application provide a method and device for antenna selection, which can enable a terminal to select a suitable antenna to send data during a random access process, thereby increasing the random access success rate and reducing the random access delay.

[0005] In a first aspect, the present application provides a method for antenna selection, which is applied to a random access process of a terminal including at least two antennas, and the method includes:

[0006] The terminal selects a best antenna among at least two antennas as a first antenna;

[0007] The terminal sends a first message to the base station on the first antenna, where the first message is a random access preamble;

[0008] When the terminal successfully receives the second message sent by the base station, and the number of times the terminal sends the first message on the first antenna reaches a first preset number, the terminal selects the best antenna from at least two antennas as the second antenna according to the first condition, and the second message is a random access response;

[0009] The terminal sends a first message on the second antenna.

[0010] With this method, the terminal selects the best antenna to send the first message when sending the first message for the first time, which increases the probability of successful sending of the first message. When the first message fails to be sent and reaches a preset number of times, it switches to another antenna according to certain conditions to continue sending the first message, which can increase the probability of successful sending and enhance the user experience.

[0011] In one implementation, the method further includes: when the terminal successfully receives the second message sent by the base station, in response to the second message, the terminal sends a third message on the second antenna.

[0012] In one implementation, after the terminal sends the third message on the second antenna, the method further includes:

[0013] When the terminal receives the retransmission scheduling of the third message by the base station, and the number of times the terminal sends the third message on the second antenna reaches a second preset number, the terminal selects the best antenna from at least two antennas as the third antenna according to the first condition;

[0014] The terminal sends the third message through the third antenna.

[0015] With this method, when the terminal fails to send the third message on the current antenna and reaches a preset number of times, it switches to other antennas according to certain conditions to continue sending the third message, thereby increasing the probability of successful sending and enhancing the user experience.

[0016] In one implementation, the random access procedure is a contention random access procedure, and the third message is a radio resource control RRC connection establishment request message.

[0017] In one implementation, after the terminal sends the third message on the third antenna, the method further includes:

[0018] When the terminal successfully receives the fourth message sent by the base station, in response to the fourth message, the terminal sends a fifth message on the third antenna, the fourth message is an RRC connection establishment message, and the fifth message is an RRC connection establishment completion message.

[0019] In one implementation, after the terminal sends the fifth message on the third antenna, the method further includes:

[0020] When the terminal receives the retransmission scheduling of the fifth message by the base station, and the number of times the terminal sends the fifth message on the third antenna reaches a third preset number, the terminal selects the best antenna from at least two antennas as the fourth antenna according to the first condition;

[0021] The terminal sends a fifth message through the fourth antenna.

[0022] With this method, when the terminal fails to send the fifth message on the current antenna and reaches a preset number of times, it switches to other antennas according to certain conditions to continue sending the fifth message, thereby increasing the probability of successful sending and enhancing the user experience.

[0023] In one implementation, the random access procedure is a non-contention random access procedure, and the third message is a radio resource control RRC connection establishment completion message.

[0024] In one implementation, the terminal selects the best antenna among at least two antennas as the first antenna, including:

[0025] When the downlink measurement index of the default antenna of the terminal is not lower than the preset threshold, the default antenna is the optimal antenna and the default antenna is selected as the first antenna;

[0026] When the downlink measurement index of the default antenna is lower than the preset threshold, the antenna with the best downlink measurement index among the remaining antennas except the default antenna is selected as the candidate antenna; if the downlink measurement index of the candidate antenna is not higher than the downlink measurement index of the default antenna plus the first threshold, the default antenna is the optimal antenna, and the default antenna is selected as the first antenna; if the downlink measurement index of the candidate antenna is higher than the downlink measurement index of the default antenna plus the first threshold, the candidate antenna is the optimal antenna, and the candidate antenna is selected as the first antenna.

[0027] With this method, when the terminal sends the first message for the first time, it uses an initial antenna optimization mechanism to select the best antenna to send the first message according to the instantaneous downlink measurement index, thereby increasing the probability of successful transmission and enhancing the user experience.

[0028] In one implementation, the terminal selects an optimal antenna from at least two antennas according to a first condition, including:

[0029] When the downlink measurement index of the next antenna of the terminal is greater than the downlink measurement index of the current antenna minus the second threshold, the terminal selects the next antenna as the optimal antenna, or,

[0030] The terminal selects the antenna with the highest priority other than the current antenna as the optimal antenna.

[0031] With this method, the terminal switches the uplink transmission antenna according to certain conditions, rather than switching blindly, which increases the probability of successful uplink message transmission.

[0032] On the other hand, the present application provides a terminal, including: one or more processors, one or more memories, the one or more memories storing one or more computer programs, the one or more computer programs including instructions, when the instructions are executed by the one or more processors, the terminal executes the method described in the first aspect above.

[0033] On the other hand, the present application provides a device, which includes a processor, wherein the processor is used to couple with a memory and read instructions in the memory to execute the method described in the first aspect above.

[0034] On the other hand, the present application provides a computer program product comprising instructions, and when the computer program product is run on a first terminal, the first terminal executes the method described in the first aspect above.

[0035] On the other hand, the present application provides a computer-readable storage medium, including instructions, which, when executed on a first terminal, enable the first terminal to execute the method described in the first aspect above.

[0036] On the other hand, the present application provides an antenna optimization device for random access, including: an antenna selection unit, which is used for the terminal to select an uplink transmission antenna when sending Msg1 (random access preamble) for the first time during the random access process; a data sending unit, which is used for the terminal to send uplink data during the random access process, including Msg1 (random access preamble), Msg3 (RRC connection establishment request or RRC connection establishment completion), and Msg5 (RRC connection establishment completion); a data receiving unit, which is used for the terminal to receive downlink data during the random access process, including RAR (random access response), retransmission scheduling of Msg3 (RRC connection establishment request or RRC connection establishment completion), Msg4 (RRC connection establishment completion), and Msg5 (RRC connection establishment completion). The invention relates to a method for determining the retransmission scheduling of Msg1 (random access preamble), Msg3 (RRC connection establishment request or RRC connection establishment completion), and Msg5 (RRC connection establishment completion) during random access by the terminal, and determining whether the number of transmissions of Msg1 (random access preamble), Msg3 (RRC connection establishment request or RRC connection establishment completion), and Msg5 (RRC connection establishment completion) reaches a threshold during random access by the terminal, and an antenna switching unit, which is used for switching the uplink transmission antenna to the next antenna according to whether certain conditions are met or according to priority when the number of transmissions of Msg1 (random access preamble), Msg3 (RRC connection establishment request or RRC connection establishment completion), and Msg5 (RRC connection establishment completion) reaches a threshold during random access by the terminal. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0037] Figure 1A It is a structural diagram of the terminal equipment;

[0038] Figure 1B Antenna system diagram for terminal equipment;

[0039] Figure 2 A schematic diagram of the structure of a mobile communication system provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0040] Figure 3 A basic flow chart of random access of contention for a terminal;

[0041] Figure 4 A general flow chart of a method for selecting an antenna provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0042] Figure 5AA flowchart of uplink transmission antenna selection in a contention random access process according to an embodiment of the present application;

[0043] Figure 5B A flowchart of uplink transmission antenna selection in a non-contention random access process according to an embodiment of the present application;

[0044] Figure 6 A flowchart of uplink transmission antenna selection in a contention random access process according to another embodiment of the present application;

[0045] Figure 7 A random access antenna optimization device provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0046] Figure 8 A schematic diagram of the structure of a terminal provided in an embodiment of the present application; DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0047] To make the objectives, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more clear, the embodiments of the present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0048] The term "multiple" as used herein refers to two or more than two. "And / or" describes the relationship between related objects, indicating that three relationships can exist. For example, A and / or B can mean: A exists alone, A and B exist at the same time, and B exists alone. The character " / " generally indicates that the related objects are in an "or" relationship.

[0049] Combine the following Figure 1A Introduce the structure of the terminal equipment:

[0050] Figure 1A For a schematic diagram of the structure of the terminal device provided in the embodiment of the present application, see Figure 1AThe terminal 100 may include: a processor 110, an external memory interface 120, an internal memory 121, a universal serial bus (USB) interface 130, a charging management module 140, a power management module 141, a battery 142, an antenna 1, an antenna 2, a mobile communication module 150, a wireless communication module 160, an audio module 170, a speaker 170A, a receiver 170B, a microphone 170C, an earphone interface 170D, a sensor module 180, a button 190, a motor 191, an indicator 192, a camera 193, a display screen 194, and a subscriber identification module (SIM) card interface 195, etc. The sensor module 180 may include a pressure sensor 180A, a gyroscope sensor 180B, an air pressure sensor 180C, a magnetic sensor 180D, an acceleration sensor 180E, a distance sensor 180F, a proximity light sensor 180G, a fingerprint sensor 180H, a temperature sensor 180J, a touch sensor 180K, an ambient light sensor 180L, a bone conduction sensor 180M, etc.

[0051] It is to be understood that the structure illustrated in the embodiment of the present invention does not constitute a specific limitation on the terminal 100. In other embodiments of the present application, the terminal 100 may include more or fewer components than shown in the figure, or combine some components, or split some components, or arrange the components differently. The components shown in the figure may be implemented in hardware, software, or a combination of software and hardware.

[0052] The processor 110 may include one or more processing units, for example, the processor 110 may include an application processor (AP), a modem processor, a graphics processor (GPU), an image signal processor (ISP), a controller, a memory, a video codec, a digital signal processor (DSP), a baseband processor, and / or a neural-network processing unit (NPU), etc. Different processing units may be independent devices or integrated into one or more processors.

[0053] The controller may be the nerve center and command center of the terminal 100. The controller may generate an operation control signal according to the instruction operation code and the timing signal to complete the control of fetching and executing instructions.

[0054] The processor 110 may also be provided with a memory for storing instructions and data. In some embodiments, the memory in the processor 110 is a cache memory. The memory may store instructions or data that the processor 110 has just used or cyclically used. If the processor 110 needs to use the instruction or data again, it may be directly called from the memory. This avoids repeated access, reduces the waiting time of the processor 110, and thus improves the efficiency of the system.

[0055] In some embodiments, the processor 110 may include one or more interfaces. The interface may include an inter-integrated circuit (I2C) interface, an inter-integrated circuit sound (I2S) interface, a pulse code modulation (PCM) interface, a universal asynchronous receiver / transmitter (UART) interface, a mobile industry processor interface (MIPI), a general-purpose input / output (GPIO) interface, a subscriber identity module (SIM) interface, and / or a universal serial bus (USB) interface, etc.

[0056] The I2C interface is a bidirectional synchronous serial bus, including a serial data line (SDA) and a serial clock line (SCL). In some embodiments, the processor 110 may include multiple groups of I2C buses. The processor 110 may be coupled to the touch sensor 180K, the charger, the flash, the camera 193, etc. through different I2C bus interfaces. For example, the processor 110 may be coupled to the touch sensor 180K through the I2C interface, so that the processor 110 communicates with the touch sensor 180K through the I2C bus interface, thereby realizing the touch function of the terminal 100.

[0057] The I2S interface can be used for audio communication. In some embodiments, the processor 110 can include multiple I2S buses. The processor 110 can be coupled to the audio module 170 via the I2S bus to achieve communication between the processor 110 and the audio module 170. In some embodiments, the audio module 170 can transmit an audio signal to the wireless communication module 160 via the I2S interface to achieve the function of answering a call through a Bluetooth headset.

[0058] The PCM interface can also be used for audio communication, sampling, quantizing and encoding analog signals. In some embodiments, the audio module 170 and the wireless communication module 160 can be coupled via a PCM bus interface. In some embodiments, the audio module 170 can also transmit audio signals to the wireless communication module 160 via the PCM interface to realize the function of answering calls via a Bluetooth headset. Both the I2S interface and the PCM interface can be used for audio communication.

[0059] The UART interface is a universal serial data bus for asynchronous communication. The bus can be a bidirectional communication bus. It converts the data to be transmitted between serial communication and parallel communication. In some embodiments, the UART interface is generally used to connect the processor 110 and the wireless communication module 160. For example, the processor 110 communicates with the Bluetooth module in the wireless communication module 160 through the UART interface to implement the Bluetooth function. In some embodiments, the audio module 170 can transmit an audio signal to the wireless communication module 160 through the UART interface to implement the function of playing music through a Bluetooth headset.

[0060] The MIPI interface can be used to connect the processor 110 with peripheral devices such as the display screen 194 and the camera 193. The MIPI interface includes a camera serial interface (CSI), a display serial interface (DSI), etc. In some embodiments, the processor 110 and the camera 193 communicate via the CSI interface to implement the shooting function of the terminal 100. The processor 110 and the display screen 194 communicate via the DSI interface to implement the display function of the terminal 100.

[0061] The GPIO interface can be configured by software. The GPIO interface can be configured as a control signal or as a data signal. In some embodiments, the GPIO interface can be used to connect the processor 110 with the camera 193, the display 194, the wireless communication module 160, the audio module 170, the sensor module 180, etc. The GPIO interface can also be configured as an I2C interface, an I2S interface, a UART interface, a MIPI interface, etc.

[0062] The USB interface 130 is an interface that complies with the USB standard specification, and specifically can be a Mini USB interface, a Micro USB interface, a USB Type C interface, etc. The USB interface 130 can be used to connect a charger to charge the terminal 100, and can also be used to transmit data between the terminal 100 and peripheral devices. It can also be used to connect headphones to play audio through the headphones. The interface can also be used to connect other terminals, such as AR devices, etc.

[0063] It is understandable that the interface connection relationship between the modules illustrated in the embodiment of the present invention is only a schematic illustration and does not constitute a structural limitation on the terminal 100. In other embodiments of the present application, the terminal 100 may also adopt different interface connection methods in the above embodiments, or a combination of multiple interface connection methods.

[0064] The charging management module 140 is used to receive charging input from a charger. The charger may be a wireless charger or a wired charger. In some wired charging embodiments, the charging management module 140 may receive charging input from a wired charger through the USB interface 130. In some wireless charging embodiments, the charging management module 140 may receive wireless charging input through a wireless charging coil of the terminal 100. While the charging management module 140 is charging the battery 142, it may also power the terminal through the power management module 141.

[0065] The power management module 141 is used to connect the battery 142, the charging management module 140 and the processor 110. The power management module 141 receives input from the battery 142 and / or the charging management module 140, and supplies power to the processor 110, the internal memory 121, the external memory, the display screen 194, the camera 193, and the wireless communication module 160. The power management module 141 can also be used to monitor parameters such as battery capacity, battery cycle number, battery health status (leakage, impedance), etc. In some other embodiments, the power management module 141 can also be set in the processor 110. In other embodiments, the power management module 141 and the charging management module 140 can also be set in the same device.

[0066] The wireless communication function of the terminal 100 can be implemented through the antenna 1, the antenna 2, the mobile communication module 150, the wireless communication module 160, the modem processor and the baseband processor.

[0067] Antenna 1 and antenna 2 are used to transmit and receive electromagnetic wave signals. Each antenna in terminal 100 can be used to cover a single or multiple communication frequency bands. Different antennas can also be reused to improve the utilization of the antennas. For example, antenna 1 can be reused as a diversity antenna for a wireless local area network. In some other embodiments, the antenna can be used in combination with a tuning switch.

[0068] The mobile communication module 150 can provide solutions for wireless communications including 2G / 3G / 4G / 5G applied on the terminal 100. The mobile communication module 150 may include at least one filter, a switch, a power amplifier, a low noise amplifier (LNA), etc. The mobile communication module 150 can receive electromagnetic waves from the antenna 1, and filter, amplify, and process the received electromagnetic waves, and transmit them to the modulation and demodulation processor for demodulation. The mobile communication module 150 can also amplify the signal modulated by the modulation and demodulation processor, and convert it into electromagnetic waves for radiation through the antenna 1. In some embodiments, at least some of the functional modules of the mobile communication module 150 can be set in the processor 110. In some embodiments, at least some of the functional modules of the mobile communication module 150 can be set in the same device as at least some of the modules of the processor 110.

[0069] In some embodiments, antenna 1 may include multiple antennas, and multiple antennas share the same radio frequency circuit. The mobile communication module 150 may send electromagnetic waves through multiple antennas, and may also receive electromagnetic waves through multiple antennas. For example, antenna 1 may include four antennas, and the terminal may simultaneously receive signals sent by the base station on the four antennas. If the terminal supports simultaneous transmission of two antennas, the terminal may select one or two of the four antennas to send uplink data according to the scheduling of the base station. Generally, the terminal will deploy the four antennas in the four corners of the terminal.

[0070] Figure 1B An antenna system of a terminal 100 is shown, and the antenna system includes: a first antenna 11, a second antenna 12, a third antenna 13, a fourth antenna 14, an antenna switching circuit 15, a radio frequency (RF) front-end circuit 16, a transceiver 17, a switching control path 18, and a baseband circuit 19. The radio frequency (RF) front-end circuit 16 may include a filtering circuit and other components. The antenna switching circuit 15 is illustrated as being inserted between the radio frequency (RF) front-end circuit 16 and the antenna. Optionally, the radio frequency (RF) front-end circuit 16 may also include an antenna switching circuit 15. The antenna switching circuit 15 is used to selectively route a transmission signal to one or more of the first antenna 11, the second antenna 12, the third antenna 13, and the fourth antenna 14 through a control path 18. The control signal may be provided to the antenna switching circuit 15 by the baseband circuit 19 or other control circuits through the control path 18. Similarly, the antenna switching circuit 15 is used to select a route to receive a radio frequency signal from one or more of the first antenna 11, the second antenna 12, the third antenna 13, and the fourth antenna 14 through the control path 18.

[0071] The modem processor may include a modulator and a demodulator. Among them, the modulator is used to modulate the low-frequency baseband signal to be sent into a medium-high frequency signal. The demodulator is used to demodulate the received electromagnetic wave signal into a low-frequency baseband signal. The demodulator then transmits the demodulated low-frequency baseband signal to the baseband processor for processing. After the low-frequency baseband signal is processed by the baseband processor, it is passed to the application processor. The application processor outputs a sound signal through an audio device (not limited to a speaker 170A, a receiver 170B, etc.), or displays an image or video through a display screen 194. In some embodiments, the modem processor may be an independent device. In other embodiments, the modem processor may be independent of the processor 110 and be set in the same device as the mobile communication module 150 or other functional modules.

[0072] The wireless communication module 160 can provide wireless communication solutions including wireless local area networks (WLAN) (such as wireless fidelity (Wi-Fi) networks), bluetooth (BT), global navigation satellite system (GNSS), frequency modulation (FM), near field communication (NFC), infrared (IR), etc., which are applied to the terminal 100. The wireless communication module 160 can be one or more devices integrating at least one communication processing module. The wireless communication module 160 receives electromagnetic waves via the antenna 2, modulates the frequency of the electromagnetic wave signal and performs filtering, and sends the processed signal to the processor 110. The wireless communication module 160 can also receive the signal to be sent from the processor 110, modulate the frequency of it, amplify it, and convert it into electromagnetic waves for radiation through the antenna 2.

[0073] In some embodiments, the antenna 1 of the terminal 100 is coupled to the mobile communication module 150, and the antenna 2 is coupled to the wireless communication module 160, so that the terminal 100 can communicate with the network and other devices through wireless communication technology. The wireless communication technology may include global system for mobile communications (GSM), general packet radio service (GPRS), code division multiple access (CDMA), wideband code division multiple access (WCDMA), time-division code division multiple access (TD-SCDMA), long term evolution (LTE), BT, GNSS, WLAN, NFC, FM, and / or IR technology, etc. The GNSS may include a global positioning system (GPS), a global navigation satellite system (GLONASS), a Beidou navigation satellite system (BDS), a quasi-zenith satellite system (QZSS) and / or a satellite based augmentation system (SBAS).

[0074] The terminal 100 implements the display function through a GPU, a display screen 194, and an application processor. The GPU is a microprocessor for image processing, which connects the display screen 194 and the application processor. The GPU is used to perform mathematical and geometric calculations for graphics rendering. The processor 110 may include one or more GPUs that execute program instructions to generate or change display information.

[0075] The display screen 194 is used to display images, videos, etc. The display screen 194 includes a display panel. The display panel can be a liquid crystal display (LCD), an organic light-emitting diode (OLED), an active-matrix organic light-emitting diode or an active-matrix organic light-emitting diode (AMOLED), a flexible light-emitting diode (FLED), Miniled, MicroLed, Micro-oLed, a quantum dot light-emitting diode (QLED), etc. In some embodiments, the terminal 100 may include 1 or N display screens 194, where N is a positive integer greater than 1.

[0076] The terminal 100 can realize the shooting function through the ISP, the camera 193, the video codec, the GPU, the display screen 194 and the application processor.

[0077] ISP is used to process the data fed back by camera 193. For example, when taking a photo, the shutter is opened, and the light is transmitted to the camera photosensitive element through the lens. The light signal is converted into an electrical signal, and the camera photosensitive element transmits the electrical signal to ISP for processing and converts it into an image visible to the naked eye. ISP can also perform algorithm optimization on the noise, brightness, and skin color of the image. ISP can also optimize the exposure, color temperature and other parameters of the shooting scene. In some embodiments, ISP can be set in camera 193.

[0078] The camera 193 is used to capture still images or videos. The object generates an optical image through the lens and projects it onto the photosensitive element. The photosensitive element can be a charge coupled device (CCD) or a complementary metal-oxide-semiconductor (CMOS) phototransistor. The photosensitive element converts the optical signal into an electrical signal, and then passes the electrical signal to the ISP to be converted into a digital image signal. The ISP outputs the digital image signal to the DSP for processing. The DSP converts the digital image signal into an image signal in a standard RGB, YUV or other format. In some embodiments, the terminal 100 may include 1 or N cameras 193, where N is a positive integer greater than 1.

[0079] The digital signal processor is used to process digital signals, and can process not only digital image signals but also other digital signals. For example, when the terminal 100 is selecting a frequency point, the digital signal processor is used to perform Fourier transform on the frequency point energy.

[0080] Video codecs are used to compress or decompress digital videos. Terminal 100 may support one or more video codecs. Thus, terminal 100 may play or record videos in various coding formats, such as moving picture experts group (MPEG) 1, MPEG2, MPEG3, MPEG4, etc.

[0081] NPU is a neural network (NN) computing processor. By drawing on the structure of biological neural networks, such as the transmission mode between neurons in the human brain, it can quickly process input information and can also continuously self-learn. Through NPU, applications such as intelligent cognition of the terminal 100 can be realized, such as image recognition, face recognition, voice recognition, text understanding, etc.

[0082] The external memory interface 120 can be used to connect an external memory card, such as a Micro SD card, to expand the storage capacity of the terminal 100. The external memory card communicates with the processor 110 through the external memory interface 120 to implement a data storage function, such as storing music, video and other files in the external memory card.

[0083] The internal memory 121 can be used to store computer executable program codes, which include instructions. The processor 110 executes various functional applications and data processing of the terminal 100 by running the instructions stored in the internal memory 121. The internal memory 121 may include a program storage area and a data storage area. Among them, the program storage area may store an operating system, an application required for at least one function (such as a sound playback function, an image playback function, etc.), etc. The data storage area may store data created during the use of the terminal 100 (such as audio data, a phone book, etc.), etc. In addition, the internal memory 121 may include a high-speed random access memory, and may also include a non-volatile memory, such as at least one disk storage device, a flash memory device, a universal flash storage (UFS), etc.

[0084] The terminal 100 can implement audio functions such as music playing and recording through the audio module 170, the speaker 170A, the receiver 170B, the microphone 170C, the earphone interface 170D, and the application processor.

[0085] The audio module 170 is used to convert digital audio information into analog audio signal output, and is also used to convert analog audio input into digital audio signals. The audio module 170 can also be used to encode and decode audio signals. In some embodiments, the audio module 170 can be arranged in the processor 110, or some functional modules of the audio module 170 can be arranged in the processor 110.

[0086] The speaker 170A, also called a "speaker", is used to convert an audio electrical signal into a sound signal. The terminal 100 can listen to music or listen to a hands-free call through the speaker 170A.

[0087] The receiver 170B, also called a "handset", is used to convert audio electrical signals into sound signals. When the terminal 100 receives a call or voice message, the voice can be received by placing the receiver 170B close to the ear.

[0088] Microphone 170C, also called "microphone" or "microphone", is used to convert sound signals into electrical signals. When making a call or sending a voice message, the user can make a sound by putting his mouth close to microphone 170C to input the sound signal into microphone 170C. Terminal 100 may be provided with at least one microphone 170C. In other embodiments, terminal 100 may be provided with two microphones 170C, which can not only collect sound signals but also realize noise reduction function. In other embodiments, terminal 100 may also be provided with three, four or more microphones 170C to realize collection of sound signals, noise reduction, identification of sound source, realization of directional recording function, etc.

[0089] The earphone interface 170D is used to connect a wired earphone and can be a USB interface 130, or a 3.5 mm open mobile terminal platform (OMTP) standard interface or a cellular telecommunications industry association of the USA (CTIA) standard interface.

[0090] The pressure sensor 180A is used to sense the pressure signal and can convert the pressure signal into an electrical signal. In some embodiments, the pressure sensor 180A can be set on the display screen 194. There are many types of pressure sensors 180A, such as resistive pressure sensors, inductive pressure sensors, capacitive pressure sensors, etc. The capacitive pressure sensor can be a parallel plate including at least two conductive materials. When a force acts on the pressure sensor 180A, the capacitance between the electrodes changes. The terminal 100 determines the intensity of the pressure according to the change in capacitance. When a touch operation acts on the display screen 194, the terminal 100 detects the touch operation intensity according to the pressure sensor 180A. The terminal 100 can also calculate the touch position according to the detection signal of the pressure sensor 180A. In some embodiments, touch operations acting on the same touch position but with different touch operation intensities can correspond to different operation instructions. For example: when a touch operation with a touch operation intensity less than the first pressure threshold acts on the short message application icon, an instruction to view the short message is executed. When a touch operation with a touch operation intensity greater than or equal to the first pressure threshold acts on the short message application icon, an instruction to create a new short message is executed.

[0091] The gyroscope sensor 180B can be used to determine the motion posture of the terminal 100. In some embodiments, the angular velocity of the terminal 100 around three axes (i.e., x, y, and z axes) can be determined by the gyroscope sensor 180B. The gyroscope sensor 180B can be used for anti-shake shooting. Exemplarily, when the shutter is pressed, the gyroscope sensor 180B detects the angle of the terminal 100 shaking, calculates the distance that the lens module needs to compensate based on the angle, and allows the lens to offset the shaking of the terminal 100 through reverse movement to achieve anti-shake. The gyroscope sensor 180B can also be used for navigation and somatosensory game scenes.

[0092] The air pressure sensor 180C is used to measure air pressure. In some embodiments, the terminal 100 calculates the altitude through the air pressure value measured by the air pressure sensor 180C to assist positioning and navigation.

[0093] The magnetic sensor 180D includes a Hall sensor. The terminal 100 can use the magnetic sensor 180D to detect the opening and closing of the flip leather case. In some embodiments, when the terminal 100 is a flip phone, the terminal 100 can detect the opening and closing of the flip cover according to the magnetic sensor 180D. Then, according to the detected opening and closing state of the leather case or the opening and closing state of the flip cover, the flip cover automatic unlocking and other features are set.

[0094] The acceleration sensor 180E can detect the magnitude of the acceleration of the terminal 100 in various directions (generally three axes). When the terminal 100 is stationary, the magnitude and direction of gravity can be detected. It can also be used to identify the terminal posture and is applied to applications such as horizontal and vertical screen switching and pedometers.

[0095] The distance sensor 180F is used to measure the distance. The terminal 100 can measure the distance by infrared or laser. In some embodiments, when shooting a scene, the terminal 100 can use the distance sensor 180F to measure the distance to achieve fast focusing.

[0096] The proximity light sensor 180G may include, for example, a light emitting diode (LED) and a light detector, such as a photodiode. The light emitting diode may be an infrared light emitting diode. The terminal 100 emits infrared light outward through the light emitting diode. The terminal 100 uses a photodiode to detect infrared reflected light from nearby objects. When sufficient reflected light is detected, it can be determined that there is an object near the terminal 100. When insufficient reflected light is detected, the terminal 100 can determine that there is no object near the terminal 100. The terminal 100 can use the proximity light sensor 180G to detect that the user holds the terminal 100 close to the ear to talk, so as to automatically turn off the screen to save power. The proximity light sensor 180G can also be used in leather case mode and pocket mode to automatically unlock and lock the screen.

[0097] The ambient light sensor 180L is used to sense the ambient light brightness. The terminal 100 can adaptively adjust the brightness of the display screen 194 according to the perceived ambient light brightness. The ambient light sensor 180L can also be used to automatically adjust the white balance when taking pictures. The ambient light sensor 180L can also cooperate with the proximity light sensor 180G to detect whether the terminal 100 is in a pocket to prevent accidental touches.

[0098] The fingerprint sensor 180H is used to collect fingerprints. The terminal 100 can use the collected fingerprint characteristics to implement fingerprint unlocking, access application locks, fingerprint photography, fingerprint call answering, etc.

[0099] The temperature sensor 180J is used to detect temperature. In some embodiments, the terminal 100 uses the temperature detected by the temperature sensor 180J to execute a temperature processing strategy. For example, when the temperature reported by the temperature sensor 180J exceeds a threshold, the terminal 100 reduces the performance of the processor located near the temperature sensor 180J to reduce power consumption and implement thermal protection. In other embodiments, when the temperature is lower than another threshold, the terminal 100 heats the battery 142 to avoid abnormal shutdown of the terminal 100 due to low temperature. In other embodiments, when the temperature is lower than another threshold, the terminal 100 performs a boost on the output voltage of the battery 142 to avoid abnormal shutdown caused by low temperature.

[0100] The touch sensor 180K is also called a "touch panel". The touch sensor 180K can be arranged on the display screen 194, and the touch sensor 180K and the display screen 194 form a touch screen, also called a "touch screen". The touch sensor 180K is used to detect touch operations acting on or near it. The touch sensor can pass the detected touch operation to the application processor to determine the type of touch event. Visual output related to the touch operation can be provided through the display screen 194. In other embodiments, the touch sensor 180K can also be arranged on the surface of the terminal 100, which is different from the position of the display screen 194.

[0101] The bone conduction sensor 180M can obtain a vibration signal. In some embodiments, the bone conduction sensor 180M can obtain a vibration signal of a vibrating bone block of the vocal part of the human body. The bone conduction sensor 180M can also contact the human pulse to receive a blood pressure beat signal. In some embodiments, the bone conduction sensor 180M can also be set in an earphone and combined into a bone conduction earphone. The audio module 170 can parse out a voice signal based on the vibration signal of the vibrating bone block of the vocal part obtained by the bone conduction sensor 180M to realize a voice function. The application processor can parse the heart rate information based on the blood pressure beat signal obtained by the bone conduction sensor 180M to realize a heart rate detection function.

[0102] The key 190 includes a power key, a volume key, etc. The key 190 may be a mechanical key or a touch key. The terminal 100 may receive key input and generate key signal input related to user settings and function control of the terminal 100.

[0103] Motor 191 can generate vibration prompts. Motor 191 can be used for incoming call vibration prompts, and can also be used for touch vibration feedback. For example, touch operations acting on different applications (such as taking pictures, audio playback, etc.) can correspond to different vibration feedback effects. For touch operations acting on different areas of the display screen 194, motor 191 can also correspond to different vibration feedback effects. Different application scenarios (for example: time reminders, receiving messages, alarm clocks, games, etc.) can also correspond to different vibration feedback effects. The touch vibration feedback effect can also support customization.

[0104] The indicator 192 may be an indicator light, which may be used to indicate the charging status, power changes, messages, missed calls, notifications, etc.

[0105] The SIM card interface 195 is used to connect the SIM card. The SIM card can be connected to and separated from the terminal 100 by inserting it into the SIM card interface 195 or pulling it out from the SIM card interface 195. The terminal 100 can support 1 or N SIM card interfaces, where N is a positive integer greater than 1. The SIM card interface 195 can support Nano SIM cards, Micro SIM cards, SIM cards, etc. Multiple cards can be inserted into the same SIM card interface 195 at the same time. The types of the multiple cards can be the same or different. The SIM card interface 195 can also be compatible with different types of SIM cards. The SIM card interface 195 can also be compatible with external memory cards. The terminal 100 interacts with the network through the SIM card to realize functions such as calls and data communications. In some embodiments, the terminal 100 uses an eSIM, i.e., an embedded SIM card. The eSIM card can be embedded in the terminal 100 and cannot be separated from the terminal 100.

[0106] The terminal 100 may also include a magnetometer (not shown in the figure), which may also be called an electronic compass or a needle compass, and may be used to detect the strength and direction of a magnetic field.

[0107] refer to Figure 2 , which shows a schematic diagram of the structure of a mobile communication system 200 provided in an embodiment of the present application. The mobile communication system may be a 3rd generation mobile communication technology 3G (3rd generation) system, or a Long Term Evolution (LTE) system, or a 5th generation mobile communication technology 5G new radio (NR) system, or a machine to machine communication (M2M) system, or a sixth generation communication system to be evolved in the future. The mobile communication system includes: a base station 220, a terminal 240, and a core network device 260.

[0108] The base station 220 can be used to convert received wireless frames and IP packet messages to each other, and can also coordinate the attribute management of the air interface. For example, the base station 220 can be an evolutionary base station (eNB, evolution Node B) in LTE, or a base station of a centralized distributed architecture adopted in a 5G system. The base station can also be an access point (Access Point, AP), a transmission node (Trans Point, TRP), a central unit (Central Unit, CU) or other network entities, and can include some or all of the functions of the above network entities. In addition, the base station 220 also includes a relay station, which is a station that receives data and / or other information transmission from an upstream station and sends data and / or other information transmission to a downstream station. The relay station can also be a terminal that provides relay transmission for other terminals. The relay station can also be referred to as a repeater.

[0109] The mobile communication system 200 may be a heterogeneous system including different types of base stations (e.g., macro stations, pico stations, femto stations, repeaters, etc.). These different types of base stations may have different transmit power levels, different coverage areas, and different interference impacts. For example, a macro station may have a high transmit power level (e.g., 20 watts), while a pico station, femto station, and repeater may have a lower transmit power level (e.g., 1 watt).

[0110] The base station 220 and the terminal 240 establish a wireless connection through a wireless air interface. The wireless air interface may be a wireless air interface based on the LTE standard, or the wireless air interface may be a wireless air interface based on the 5G standard, such as NR, or the wireless air interface may also be a wireless air interface based on the next generation mobile communication network technology standard of 5G.

[0111] The terminal 240 may be a device that provides voice and / or data communication to a user. The terminal may communicate with one or more core network devices 260 via a radio access network (RAN) provided by the base station 220. The terminal 240 may be a mobile terminal, such as a mobile phone and a computer with a mobile terminal, for example, a portable, pocket-sized, handheld, computer-built-in, or vehicle-mounted mobile device.

[0112] Specifically, the base station 220 may be used in a network device controller ( Figure 2 The network device controller may be a part of the core network device 260 or may be integrated into the base station 220. The base station 220 may transmit information or user data to the core network device 260 through the interface 250 (such as the S1 interface). The base stations 220 and the base stations 220 may also communicate with each other through the interface (such as the X2 interface, Figure 2 ) communicate with each other.

[0113] Need to explain, Figure 2 The mobile communication system 200 shown is only for more clearly illustrating the technical solution of the present application and does not constitute a limitation of the present application. A person skilled in the art can appreciate that with the evolution of network architecture and the emergence of new business scenarios, the technical solution provided by the present application is also applicable to similar technical problems.

[0114] In the Long Term Evolution (LTE) mobile communication system and the New Radio (NR) mobile communication system, Multiple-Input Multiple-Output (MIMO) technology is one of the key technologies. MIMO technology relies on multi-antenna transmission technology, which means that multiple antennas are used at both the transmitting and receiving ends to send and receive data. Generally speaking, multi-antenna transmission and reception can provide power gain, array gain, diversity gain, multiplexing gain and shaping gain.

[0115] Power gain means that the transmit power on each antenna can be superimposed at the receiving end, thereby achieving a power enhancement effect.

[0116] Array gain mainly utilizes the non-correlation of white noise, which will cancel each other out after merging, while the carrier signal can be enhanced after superposition. Therefore, array gain can improve the signal-to-noise ratio at the receiving end and improve the quality of the received signal, thereby improving the cell coverage performance, especially in the case of poor channel quality, it can effectively improve the user experience.

[0117] Diversity gain mainly utilizes the independence of spatial channel fading. By sending the same data simultaneously through multiple antennas, the fluctuation of the signal-to-noise ratio in the fading channel is reduced, thereby bringing performance gains.

[0118] Reuse gain refers to the improvement of cell throughput and peak capacity by multiplexing two different data of the same user or data streams of different users onto the same time-frequency resources when the signal quality is good. Reuse gain is also called space division multiplexing, where two antennas send different signals at the same time, that is, two antennas send different streams. The maximum number of streams that the system can support is equal to the number of antennas.

[0119] Beamforming gain refers to the use of beamforming technology by multiple antennas to transmit signals. Beamforming can help align the transmitted signal with the receiver. Wireless signals without beamforming can be likened to incandescent lighting, while wireless signals with beamforming can be likened to flashlight lighting. Beamforming can be used simultaneously with space division multiplexing. However, since beamforming requires the use of multiple antennas to form a beam, the total number of streams must be less than the number of antennas.

[0120] In order to support MIMO technology, both the terminal and the base station need to be designed with a multi-antenna structure. When the base station sends data to the terminal, the selection of the downlink transmission antenna is completed by the base station. When the terminal sends data to the base station, the selection of the uplink transmission antenna is divided into open-loop antenna selection and closed-loop antenna selection according to whether there is feedback. The feedback here refers to the feedback given to the terminal by the base station after measuring the signal sent by the terminal. When the uplink transmission antenna selection is open-loop antenna selection, the selection of the uplink transmission antenna is completed by the terminal; when the uplink transmission antenna selection is closed-loop antenna selection, the selection of the uplink transmission antenna is completed by the base station. In addition, when the terminal is used, the uplink antenna is often blocked. For example, when the user holds the terminal, if the part where a certain antenna is located is held, the uplink signal of the antenna will be greatly attenuated, affecting the service experience. The multi-antenna design of the terminal allows the terminal to select different antennas to send uplink data, thereby solving the problem that one of the antennas is blocked and data cannot be sent.

[0121] The protocol specifies that the antenna selection technology of the terminal in the RRC (Radio Resource Control) connection state includes open-loop antenna selection technology and closed-loop antenna selection technology. If the terminal supports uplink antenna selection, it reports this capability to the base station, and the base station notifies the terminal to use open-loop antenna selection technology or closed-loop antenna selection technology through an RRC configuration message. If the open-loop antenna selection technology is configured, the terminal can select the uplink transmit antenna according to its own implementation. In the open-loop antenna selection technology, the terminal generally measures the downlink reference signal at a certain period to obtain the downlink measurement index of each antenna, and then smoothes the downlink measurement index of each antenna, and finally selects the antenna with the best quality as the uplink transmit antenna based on the downlink measurement index after smoothing.

[0122] However, the protocol does not specify how the terminal selects the uplink transmission antenna during the RRC connection establishment process. RRC connection establishment is also called random access (RA). The types of random access include contention random access and non-contention random access. Only after the terminal establishes a connection with the base station through random access can it obtain the services provided by the network. In the LTE system and NR system, the terminal establishes a connection with the base station through the random access process. The basic process of contention random access is as follows: Figure 3 As shown:

[0123] S301, the terminal sends a random access preamble Preamble (represented by Msg1), the base station obtains the Preamble ID by detecting the Preamble, and estimates the uplink transmission delay.

[0124] S302, the base station replies to the terminal with a random access response RAR (Random Access Response, represented by Msg2). The RAR (Random Access Response) carries the following information: the timing advance corresponding to the uplink transmission delay, the PreambleID, the temporary user identity allocated by the base station to the terminal, and the uplink scheduling resource authorization information.

[0125] S303, the terminal sends an RRC connection establishment request (represented by Msg3) to the base station. The terminal adjusts the uplink timing according to the timing advance in the RAR (random access response), and sends the RRC connection establishment request to the base station according to the uplink scheduling resource authorization information in the RAR (random access response). Msg3 (RRC connection establishment request) carries the temporary user identity allocated by the base station to the terminal in the RAR (random access response).

[0126] S304, the base station sends an RRC connection establishment message (represented by Msg4) to the terminal. Msg4 (RRC connection establishment message) carries a contention resolution MCE (MAC Control Element), which resolves contention and conflict caused by multiple terminals attempting to access using the same random access resource and the same Preamble ID.

[0127] S305, the terminal sends an RRC connection establishment completion message (represented by Msg5) to the base station. After this step is completed, the terminal completes the RRC connection establishment process with the base station.

[0128] From the random access process described above, it can be known that Msg1 (random access preamble), Msg3 (RRC connection establishment request), and Msg5 (RRC connection establishment completion) are uplink data sent by the terminal to the base station during the random access process. Since the terminal has not completed the establishment of the RRC connection with the base station during the random access process, the base station cannot configure the specific uplink antenna selection technology by sending an RRC configuration message to the terminal.

[0129] During the process of establishing a connection through random access, the terminal cannot obtain downlink measurement indicators for a long period of time, so it is impossible to select the optimal antenna through periodic evaluation during the random access process. If an antenna with poor signal quality is always used to send uplink data during the random access process, it may cause slow access or access failure, thereby affecting the terminal's service experience.

[0130] In the prior art, it is assumed that the terminal is designed with four antennas, namely the first antenna, the second antenna, the third antenna and the fourth antenna, wherein the first antenna is the default antenna of the terminal. In the random access process, the terminal first attempts to send Msg1 (random access preamble) on the default antenna. If the terminal does not receive the RAR (random access response) sent by the base station within a fixed time window, and the number of attempts to send Msg1 (random access preamble) reaches a preset number, the terminal will switch to the second antenna to try to send. When the terminal attempts to send Msg1 (random access preamble) on the second antenna for a preset number of times and still does not receive the RAR (random access response) sent by the base station, it will switch to the third antenna to try to send Msg1 (random access preamble). If the terminal sends Msg1 (random access preamble) on the third antenna and receives the RAR (random access response) sent by the base station within a fixed time window, it will continue to send Msg3 (RRC connection establishment request) on the third antenna. After the terminal sends Msg3 (RRC connection establishment request), if it receives the retransmission scheduling of Msg3 (RRC connection establishment request) from the base station and the number of times the terminal sends Msg3 (RRC connection establishment request) on the third antenna reaches the preset number of times, it switches to the fourth antenna to attempt to send Msg3 (RRC connection establishment request). After the terminal sends Msg3 (RRC connection establishment request) on the fourth antenna, it receives Msg4 (RRC connection establishment) sent by the base station, then the terminal continues to send Msg5 (RRC connection establishment completed) on the fourth antenna. After the terminal sends Msg5 (RRC connection establishment completed), if it receives the retransmission scheduling of Msg5 (RRC connection establishment completed) from the base station and the number of times the terminal sends Msg5 (RRC connection establishment completed) on the fourth antenna reaches the preset number of times, it switches to the first antenna to attempt to send Msg5 (RRC connection establishment completed). After the terminal successfully sends Msg5 (RRC connection establishment completed), the terminal completes the RRC connection establishment process with the base station.

[0131] It can be seen from the description of the prior art that during the random access process, when the default antenna (i.e., the first antenna) is blocked and the signal of the antenna is poor, the prior art selects the uplink transmission antenna by sequential switching after failure. When the fourth antenna of the terminal is the optimal antenna, the terminal switches the uplink antenna in the order described above, and it takes a long time to switch to the optimal antenna to send uplink data. Especially in the high-speed mobile scenario, the signal quality may have deteriorated when the terminal switches to the fourth antenna to try to send. In addition, the sequential switching method in the prior art will still try antennas with much worse signal quality than the current antenna, which will increase the delay of user random access and affect the user experience.

[0132] In order to solve the problem of uplink antenna selection in the above random access process, the embodiment of the present application provides a method for antenna selection. Figure 4 As shown, first, when the terminal sends Msg1 (random access preamble) for the first time during random access, an initial antenna optimization mechanism is added, and the best antenna is selected as the first antenna according to the instantaneous downlink measurement index, and Msg1 (random access preamble) is sent on the first antenna; then, when the number of times that Msg1 (random access preamble) and Msg3 (RRC connection establishment request) and Msg5 (RRC connection establishment completion) fail to be sent by the current antenna reaches a preset number of times, the best antenna is selected from the at least two antennas according to the first condition as the second antenna, and then Msg1 (random access preamble) or Msg3 (RRC connection establishment request) or Msg5 (RRC connection establishment completion) is continued to be sent on the second antenna. In this way, the probability of successful uplink data transmission of the terminal during random access can be increased, and the user experience can be enhanced.

[0133] In the NR system, the terminal can obtain the downlink measurement index on each antenna by measuring the DMRS (Demodulation Reference Signal) of the PBCH (Physical Broadcast Channel) in the SSB (Synchronization Signal and PBCH block) before random access. In the LTE system, the terminal can obtain the downlink measurement index on each antenna by measuring the CRS (Cell Reference Signal) before random access. The downlink measurement index here can be RSRP (Reference Signal Receiving Power), SINR (Signal to Interference plus Noise Ratio) or RSRQ (Reference Signal Receiving Quality), etc.

[0134] In addition, in the NR system and the LTE system, SSB and CRS are sent periodically. For example, in the NR system, SSB can be sent at a period of 20ms. During the random access process, the terminal can refresh the downlink measurement indicators of each antenna in real time according to the latest measurement results, or use the downlink measurement indicators measured before random access during the random access process.

[0135] Combination Figure 2 Given a mobile communication system, it is assumed that the terminal 240 is designed with at least two antennas. Figure 5A A flowchart of uplink transmission antenna selection in a competitive random access process of an embodiment of the present application is provided, including:

[0136] S501, when the terminal sends Msg1 (random access preamble) for the first time, it detects whether the downlink measurement index of the default antenna is lower than the preset threshold. When the downlink measurement index of the default antenna is lower than the preset threshold, it enters step S502; when the downlink measurement index of the default antenna is not lower than the preset threshold, the default antenna is the optimal antenna, and the default antenna is selected as the first antenna, that is, the default antenna is maintained as the current antenna to enter step S503. In an optional embodiment, the downlink measurement index can be RSRP obtained by measuring the reference signal, and the preset threshold can be set to -100dBm. In another optional embodiment, the downlink measurement index can be RSRQ obtained by measuring the reference signal, and the preset threshold can be set to -15dB.

[0137] S502, the terminal obtains the optimal current antenna. Specifically, the terminal selects the antenna with the best downlink measurement index among the remaining antennas except the default antenna as the candidate antenna. If the downlink measurement index of the candidate antenna is higher than the downlink measurement index of the default antenna plus the first threshold, the candidate antenna is the optimal antenna, the candidate antenna is selected as the first antenna, and the current antenna is switched to the first antenna; if the downlink measurement index of the candidate antenna is not higher than the downlink measurement index of the default antenna plus the first threshold, the default antenna is the optimal antenna, the default antenna is selected as the first antenna, that is, the default antenna is maintained as the current antenna. It should be noted that the reason for setting the first threshold here is that the default antenna in the terminal is generally the main antenna, and the main antenna is the best antenna in the terminal. Therefore, if the downlink measurement index of the candidate antenna is not higher than the downlink measurement index of the default antenna to a certain extent, the default antenna is the best choice. When the downlink measurement index is the RSRP obtained by the terminal based on the reference signal measurement, in an optional implementation, the first threshold can be set to 3dB.

[0138] S503, the terminal sends Msg1 (random access preamble) on the current antenna. After sending Msg1 (random access preamble), the terminal waits to receive the RAR (random access response) sent by the base station within a fixed time window. If the terminal does not receive the RAR (random access response) within the fixed time window, it proceeds to step S504; if the terminal successfully receives the RAR (random access response) within the fixed time window, it proceeds to step S506.

[0139] S504, the terminal determines whether the number of times Msg1 (random access preamble) is sent on the current antenna reaches the first preset number. If it has reached the first preset number, the process proceeds to step S505; if it has not reached the first preset number, the process proceeds to step S503. In an optional implementation, the terminal may set the first preset number of times Msg1 (random access preamble) is sent on the current antenna to 2 times.

[0140] S505, the terminal determines whether the downlink measurement index of the next antenna meets the first condition. Specifically, the first condition is whether the downlink measurement index of the next antenna of the terminal is greater than the downlink measurement index of the current antenna minus the second threshold. If the downlink measurement index of the next antenna is greater than the downlink measurement index of the current antenna minus the second threshold, the terminal selects the next antenna as the second antenna, and switches the current antenna to the second antenna and enters step S503; if the downlink measurement index of the next antenna is not greater than the downlink measurement index of the current antenna minus the second threshold, the terminal skips the antenna and re-executes step S505. It should be noted that here the downlink measurement index of the next antenna is compared with the downlink measurement index of the current antenna minus the second threshold, rather than comparing the downlink measurement index of the next antenna with the downlink measurement index of the current antenna plus the second threshold. This is mainly because the quality of data sent by the antenna is affected by many factors, so antennas with poor downlink measurement indicators still need to be tried. When the downlink measurement index is RSRP obtained by measuring the reference signal, in some optional implementations, the second threshold can be set to 9dB, 3dB or 0dB.

[0141] S506, the terminal sends Msg3 (RRC connection establishment request) on the current antenna. After sending Msg3 (RRC connection establishment request), if the terminal successfully receives Msg4 (RRC connection establishment) sent by the base station, it proceeds to step S509; if it receives the retransmission scheduling of Msg3 (RRC connection establishment request) from the base station, it proceeds to step S507;

[0142] S507, the terminal determines whether the number of times Msg3 (RRC connection establishment request) is sent on the current antenna reaches the second preset number. If the second preset number has been reached, the process proceeds to step S508; if the second preset number has not been reached, the process proceeds to step S506. In an optional implementation, when the maximum number of times Msg3 (RRC connection establishment request) is sent is 5 times, the second preset number of times the terminal sends Msg3 (RRC connection establishment request) on the current antenna can be set to 3 times.

[0143] S508, the terminal determines whether the downlink measurement index of the next antenna meets the first condition. Specifically, the first condition is whether the downlink measurement index of the next antenna of the terminal is greater than the downlink measurement index of the current antenna minus the second threshold. If the downlink measurement index of the next antenna is greater than the downlink measurement index of the current antenna minus the second threshold, the terminal selects the next antenna as the third antenna, and switches the current antenna to the third antenna, and enters step S506. If the downlink measurement index of the next antenna is not greater than the downlink measurement index of the current antenna minus the second threshold, the terminal skips the antenna and re-executes step S508. The principle and setting of the second threshold can refer to the description of step S502, which will not be repeated here.

[0144] S509, the terminal sends Msg5 (RRC connection establishment completed) on the current antenna. If the terminal successfully sends Msg5, the RRC connection establishment process with the base station is completed; if the terminal receives the retransmission scheduling of Msg5 (RRC connection establishment completed) from the base station, the terminal switches the uplink transmission antenna in the same manner as when sending Msg3 (RRC connection establishment request), which will not be repeated here.

[0145] from Figure 5A It can be seen from the given embodiment that when the terminal sends Msg1 (random access preamble) for the first time during the random access process, the default antenna is detected according to the downlink measurement index. When the downlink measurement index of the default antenna is not good, the optimal antenna is selected to send Msg1 (random access preamble), which increases the probability of successful transmission of Msg1 (random access preamble). When the number of times Msg1 (random access preamble) is sent on the current antenna reaches the preset number of times, the downlink measurement index of the next antenna is judged. When the first condition is met, the terminal switches the uplink transmission antenna to the antenna for attempt to send. The switching of the uplink antenna for sending Msg3 (RRC connection establishment request) and Msg5 (RRC connection establishment completion) also follows a similar principle, which effectively avoids the problem of increased delay in the random access process caused by blindly trying to send on an antenna with poor signal quality.

[0146] In LTE and NR systems, in addition to contention random access, there is also non-contention random access. The use scenarios of non-contention random access include terminal handover scenarios, SCG (Secondary Cell Group) bearer addition scenarios under NR non-standalone networking, etc.

[0147] In order to improve the success rate of random access, the non-contention random access process only has three messages: Msg1 (random access preamble), Msg2 (RAR, random access response) and Msg3 (RRC connection establishment completed). It should be noted that since the non-contention random access process only has three messages, the terminal completes the random access process after sending Msg3. Therefore, in the non-contention random access process, Msg3 is the RRC connection establishment completed message, not the RRC connection establishment request message. It can be seen that the two types of random access processes only differ in the number of messages, so in Figure 5A The selection of the uplink transmit antenna in the competitive random access process described in the embodiment is still applicable to the selection of the uplink transmit antenna when sending Msg1 (random access preamble) and Msg3 (RRC connection establishment is completed) in the non-competitive random access process. The following is a brief introduction to the process of selecting the uplink transmit antenna in an embodiment of the present application in the non-competitive random access process. It is also assumed that the terminal is designed with 4 antennas, such as Figure 5B As shown, the process includes:

[0148] S511, when the terminal sends Msg1 (random access preamble) for the first time, the terminal selects the best antenna as the first antenna. Specifically, when the terminal sends Msg1 (random access preamble) for the first time, it detects whether the downlink measurement index of the default antenna is lower than the preset threshold. When the downlink measurement index of the default antenna is not lower than the preset threshold, the default antenna is the best antenna, and the default antenna is selected as the first antenna, that is, the default antenna is maintained as the current antenna. When the downlink measurement index of the default antenna is lower than the preset threshold, the terminal selects the antenna with the best downlink measurement index among the remaining antennas except the default antenna as the candidate antenna. If the downlink measurement index of the candidate antenna is higher than the downlink measurement index of the default antenna plus the first threshold, the candidate antenna is the best antenna, the candidate antenna is selected as the first antenna, and the current antenna is switched to the first antenna; if the downlink measurement index of the candidate antenna is not higher than the downlink measurement index of the default antenna plus the first threshold, the default antenna is the best antenna, and the default antenna is selected as the first antenna, that is, the default antenna is maintained as the current antenna.

[0149] S512, the terminal sends Msg1 (random access preamble) on the current antenna. If the terminal does not receive RAR (random access response) after sending Msg1 (random access preamble), the antenna is switched according to the first condition. Specifically, after sending Msg1 (random access preamble), the terminal waits to receive RAR (random access response) sent by the base station within a fixed time window. If the terminal does not receive RAR (random access response) within the fixed time window and the number of times the terminal sends Msg1 (random access preamble) on the current antenna is less than the first preset number, step S512 is continued to be repeated. If the terminal does not receive a RAR (random access response) within a fixed time window and the number of times the terminal sends Msg1 (random access preamble) on the current antenna reaches a first preset number, the terminal detects whether the downlink measurement index of the next antenna meets the first condition. If the downlink measurement index of the next antenna meets the first condition, the terminal selects the next antenna as the second antenna, and switches the current antenna to the second antenna to continue to repeat step S512; if the downlink measurement index of the next antenna does not meet the first condition, skip the detection until the current antenna is switched to an antenna that meets the condition and continues to repeat step S512. The specific first condition judgment is consistent with that described in step S505 and will not be repeated here. If the terminal successfully receives a RAR (random access response) within a fixed time window, proceed to step S513.

[0150] S513, the terminal sends Msg3 (RRC connection completed) on the current antenna. After sending Msg3 (RRC connection completed), if the terminal receives the retransmission scheduling of Msg3 (RRC connection completed), the antenna is switched according to the first condition. Specifically, if the terminal successfully sends Msg3 (RRC connection completed), the process of establishing the RRC connection with the base station is completed; if the terminal receives the retransmission scheduling of Msg3 (RRC connection completed) by the base station and the number of times the terminal sends Msg3 (RRC connection completed) on the current antenna is less than the fourth preset number, step S513 is continued to be repeated. If the terminal receives the retransmission scheduling of Msg3 (RRC connection completed) from the base station and the number of times the terminal sends Msg3 (RRC connection completed) on the current antenna reaches the fourth preset number, the terminal detects whether the downlink measurement index of the next antenna meets the first condition. If the downlink measurement index of the next antenna meets the first condition, the terminal selects the next antenna as the third antenna, and switches the current antenna to the third antenna to continue to repeat step S513; if the downlink measurement index of the next antenna does not meet the first condition, skip and continue to detect until the current antenna is switched to an antenna that meets the condition and continues to repeat step 513. The specific first condition judgment is consistent with the description in step S505, and will not be repeated here.

[0151] Combination Figure 2 Given a mobile communication system, it is assumed that the terminal 240 is designed with at least two antennas. Figure 6 A flowchart of uplink transmission antenna selection in a contention random access process of another embodiment of the present application is provided, including:

[0152] S601, when the terminal sends Msg1 (random access preamble) for the first time, it detects whether the downlink measurement index of the default antenna is lower than the preset threshold. When the downlink measurement index of the default antenna is lower than the preset threshold, it enters step S602; when the downlink measurement index of the default antenna is not lower than the preset threshold, the default antenna is the optimal antenna, and the default antenna is selected as the first antenna, that is, the default antenna is maintained as the current antenna to enter step S603. At the same time, the terminal sets antenna priorities for at least two antennas. In an optional implementation, the terminal sets antenna priorities according to the downlink measurement indicators of at least two antennas, specifically setting the priority of the antenna with the best downlink measurement index to the highest, and setting the priority of the antenna with the worst downlink measurement index to the lowest. In another optional implementation, there are differences in the process between the antennas of the terminal, such as different losses, so the terminal can set priorities for the antennas according to the process differences between the antennas.

[0153] S602, the terminal obtains the optimal current antenna. Specifically, the terminal selects the antenna with the best downlink measurement index among the remaining antennas except the default antenna as the candidate antenna. If the downlink measurement index of the candidate antenna is higher than the downlink measurement index of the default antenna plus the first threshold, the candidate antenna is the optimal antenna, the candidate antenna is selected as the first antenna, and the current antenna is switched to the first antenna; if the downlink measurement index of the candidate antenna is not higher than the downlink measurement index of the default antenna plus the first threshold, the default antenna is the optimal antenna, the default antenna is selected as the first antenna, that is, the default antenna is maintained as the current antenna. The principle and setting of the first threshold can be referred to the description of step S502 in Figure 5, which will not be repeated here.

[0154] S603, the terminal sends Msg1 (random access preamble) on the current antenna. After sending Msg1 (random access preamble), the terminal waits to receive the RAR (random access response) sent by the base station within a fixed time window. If the terminal does not receive the RAR (random access response) within the fixed time window, it proceeds to step S604; if the terminal successfully receives the RAR (random access response) within the fixed time window, it proceeds to step S606.

[0155] S604, the terminal determines whether the number of times Msg1 (random access preamble) is sent on the current antenna reaches the first preset number. If it has reached the first preset number, it proceeds to step S605; if it has not reached the first preset number, it proceeds to step S603.

[0156] S605, the terminal switches the uplink transmission antenna according to the first condition, that is, according to the antenna priority set in step S601, selects the antenna with the highest priority except the current antenna as the second antenna, switches the current antenna to the second antenna, and then enters step S603.

[0157] In an optional implementation, after the terminal sets the antenna priority according to the downlink measurement index of the antenna in step S601, the antenna priority remains unchanged during this random access process, rather than being adjusted in real time according to the downlink measurement index obtained by real-time measurement of each antenna of the terminal, so that all antennas can be tried. In another optional implementation, after the terminal sets the antenna priority according to the downlink measurement index of the antenna in step S601, the terminal adjusts the antenna priority in real time according to the downlink measurement index obtained by real-time measurement of each antenna during the random access process, so that each time the uplink transmission antenna is switched according to the priority, it can switch to the antenna with the best downlink measurement index.

[0158] S606, the terminal continues to send Msg3 (RRC connection establishment request) on the current antenna. After sending Msg3 (RRC connection establishment request), if the terminal successfully receives Msg4 (RRC connection establishment) sent by the base station, it proceeds to step S609; if it receives the retransmission scheduling of Msg3 (RRC connection establishment request) from the base station, it proceeds to step S607;

[0159] S607, the terminal determines whether the number of times Msg3 (RRC connection establishment request) is sent on the current antenna has reached a preset number of times. If it has reached the second preset number of times, proceed to step S608; if it has not reached the second preset number of times, proceed to step S606. In an optional implementation, when the maximum number of times Msg3 (RRC connection establishment request) is sent is 5 times, the preset number of times the terminal sends Msg3 (RRC connection establishment request) on the current antenna can be set to 3 times.

[0160] S608, the terminal switches the uplink transmission antenna according to the first condition, that is, according to the antenna priority set in step S601, the terminal selects the antenna with the highest priority other than the current antenna as the third antenna, and switches the current antenna to the third antenna before entering step S606. The specific setting of the antenna priority is consistent with the description of step S605, and will not be repeated here.

[0161] S609, the terminal continues to send Msg5 (RRC connection establishment completed) on the current antenna. If the terminal receives the retransmission scheduling of Msg5 (RRC connection establishment completed) from the base station, the terminal switches the uplink transmission antenna in the same manner as when sending Msg3 (RRC connection establishment request), which will not be repeated here.

[0162] from Figure 6 It can be seen from the given embodiment that when the terminal first sends Msg1 (random access preamble) for the first time during the random access process, the default antenna is detected according to the downlink measurement index. When the downlink measurement index of the default antenna is not good, the optimal antenna is selected to send Msg1 (random access preamble), which increases the probability of successful transmission of Msg1 (random access preamble). When the number of times Msg1 (random access preamble) is sent on the current antenna reaches the preset number of times, it is switched to the antenna with the highest priority except the current antenna according to the antenna priority to try to send. The switching of the uplink transmission antenna for sending Msg3 (RRC connection establishment request) and Msg5 (RRC connection establishment completion) also follows a similar principle, so that uplink data can be sent on the antenna with high priority first, which increases the probability of successful transmission and enhances the user experience.

[0163] and Figure 5B The same as described in the embodiment, Figure 6 The selection of uplink transmission antennas in the contention random access process is still applicable to the selection of uplink transmission antennas in the non-contention random access process, and will not be repeated here.

[0164] It should be noted that in the embodiment of the present application, the second threshold used by the terminal in the process of selecting the antenna according to the first condition can use the same threshold or different thresholds when sending different messages, and the embodiment of the present application does not limit this.

[0165] Please refer to Figure 7 , which shows a random access antenna optimization device provided in an embodiment of the present application, which can be implemented by software, hardware or a combination of both Figure 2 The device includes: an antenna selection unit 701, a data transmission unit 702, a data reception unit 703, a data transmission judgment unit 704, and an antenna switching unit 705.

[0166] The antenna selection unit 701 is used to select an uplink transmission antenna when the terminal sends Msg1 (random access preamble) for the first time during the random access process.

[0167] The data sending unit 702 is used for the terminal to send uplink data during the random access process, including Msg1 (random access preamble), Msg3 (RRC connection establishment request or RRC connection establishment completion), and Msg5 (RRC connection establishment completion).

[0168] The data receiving unit 703 is used for the terminal to receive downlink data during the random access process, including RAR (random access response), retransmission scheduling of Msg3 (RRC connection establishment request or RRC connection establishment completion), Msg4 (RRC connection establishment), and retransmission scheduling of Msg5 (RRC connection establishment completion).

[0169] The data transmission judgment unit 704 is used for the terminal to judge whether the number of transmissions of Msg1 (random access preamble), Msg3 (RRC connection establishment request or RRC connection establishment completion), and Msg5 (RRC connection establishment completion) reaches a threshold during the random access process.

[0170] The antenna switching unit 705 is used to switch the uplink transmission antenna to the next antenna according to whether certain conditions are met or according to the priority when the terminal detects that the number of transmissions of Msg1 (random access preamble), Msg3 (RRC connection establishment request or RRC connection establishment completion), and Msg5 (RRC connection establishment completion) reaches a threshold during the random access process.

[0171] Please refer to Figure 8 , which shows a schematic diagram of the structure of a terminal provided in an embodiment of the present application, the terminal includes: a processor 801, a receiver 802, a transmitter 803, a memory 804 and a bus 805. The processor 801 includes one or more processing cores, and the processor 801 executes various functional applications and information processing by running software programs and modules. The receiver 802 and the transmitter 803 can be implemented as a communication component, and the communication component can be a baseband chip. The memory 804 is connected to the processor 801 via a bus 805. The memory 804 can be used to store at least one program instruction, and the processor 801 is used to execute at least one program instruction to implement the technical solution of the above embodiment. Its implementation principle and technical effect are similar to those of the above method related embodiments, and will not be repeated here.

[0172] The embodiment of the present application provides a computer program product, when the computer program product is run on a terminal, the terminal executes the technical solution in the above embodiment. Its implementation principle and technical effect are similar to those of the above related embodiments, and will not be repeated here.

[0173] The embodiment of the present application provides a computer-readable storage medium on which program instructions are stored. When the program instructions are executed by a terminal, the terminal executes the technical solution of the above embodiment. Its implementation principle and technical effect are similar to those of the above related embodiments, and will not be repeated here.

[0174] The application embodiment provides a chip, which is used to execute instructions. When the chip is running, the technical solution in the above embodiment is executed. Its implementation principle and technical effect are similar and will not be repeated here.

[0175] In the embodiments of the present application, the processor may be a general-purpose processor, a digital signal processor, an application-specific integrated circuit, a field programmable gate array or other programmable logic device, a discrete gate or transistor logic device, or a discrete hardware component, and may implement or execute the methods, steps, and logic block diagrams disclosed in the embodiments of the present application. The general-purpose processor may be a microprocessor or any conventional processor, etc. The steps of the method disclosed in the embodiments of the present application may be directly embodied as being executed by a hardware processor, or may be executed by a combination of hardware and software modules in the processor.

[0176] In the embodiments of the present application, the memory may be a non-volatile memory, such as a hard disk drive (HDD) or a solid-state drive (SS), or a volatile memory (volatile memory), such as a random-access memory (RAM). The memory is any other medium that can be used to carry or store the desired program code in the form of instructions or data structures and can be accessed by a computer, but is not limited thereto.

[0177] The memory in the embodiment of the present application can also be a circuit or any other device capable of realizing a storage function, for storing program instructions and / or data. In the methods provided in the embodiments of the present application, it can be implemented in whole or in part by software, hardware, firmware or any combination thereof. When implemented using software, it can be implemented in whole or in part in the form of a computer program product. The computer program product includes one or more computer instructions. When the computer program instructions are loaded and executed on a computer, the process or function described in the embodiment of the present application is generated in whole or in part. The computer can be a general-purpose computer, a special-purpose computer, a computer network, a network device, a user device or other programmable device. The computer instructions may be stored in a computer-readable storage medium, or transmitted from one computer-readable storage medium to another computer-readable storage medium. For example, the computer instructions may be transmitted from one website, computer, server or data center to another website, computer, server or data center via wired (e.g., coaxial cable, optical fiber, digital subscriber line (DSL)) or wireless (e.g., infrared, wireless, microwave, etc.) means. The computer-readable storage medium may be any available medium that can be accessed by a computer or a data storage device such as a server or data center that includes one or more available media integrated therein. The available medium may be a magnetic medium (e.g., a floppy disk, a hard disk, a magnetic tape), an optical medium (e.g., a digital video disc (DWD), or a semiconductor medium (e.g., an SSD), etc.

[0178] In summary, the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present application, rather than to limit it. Although the present application has been described in detail with reference to the aforementioned embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that they can still modify the technical solutions described in the aforementioned embodiments, or make equivalent replacements for some of the technical features therein. However, these modifications or replacements do not cause the essence of the corresponding technical solutions to deviate from the scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present application.

Claims

1. A method for selecting an antenna, applied to a random access process of a terminal including at least two antennas, characterized in that: The method comprises: The terminal selects the best antenna among the at least two antennas as the first antenna; The terminal sends a first message to the base station on the first antenna, where the first message is a random access preamble; When the terminal fails to successfully receive the second message sent by the base station, and the number of times the terminal sends the first message on the first antenna reaches a first preset number, the terminal selects the best antenna from the at least two antennas as the second antenna according to the first condition, and the second message is a random access response; The terminal sends the first message on the second antenna; The terminal selects the best antenna among the at least two antennas as the first antenna, including: When the downlink measurement index of the default antenna of the terminal is not lower than a preset threshold, the default antenna is the optimal antenna, and the default antenna is selected as the first antenna; When the downlink measurement index of the default antenna is lower than the preset threshold, the antenna with the best downlink measurement index among the remaining antennas except the default antenna is selected as the candidate antenna; if the downlink measurement index of the candidate antenna is not higher than the downlink measurement index of the default antenna plus the first threshold, the default antenna is the optimal antenna, and the default antenna is selected as the first antenna; if the downlink measurement index of the candidate antenna is higher than the downlink measurement index of the default antenna plus the first threshold, the candidate antenna is the optimal antenna, and the candidate antenna is selected as the first antenna.

2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that The method further comprises: When the terminal successfully receives the second message sent by the base station, in response to the second message, the terminal sends a third message on the second antenna.

3. The method according to claim 2, characterized in that After the terminal sends the third message on the second antenna, the method further includes: When the terminal receives the retransmission scheduling of the third message by the base station, and the number of times the terminal sends the third message on the second antenna reaches a second preset number, the terminal selects the best antenna from the at least two antennas as the third antenna according to the first condition; The terminal sends the third message via the third antenna.

4. The method according to claim 3, characterized in that The random access procedure is a contention random access procedure, and the third message is a radio resource control RRC connection establishment request message.

5. The method according to claim 4, characterized in that After the terminal sends the third message on the third antenna, the method further includes: When the terminal successfully receives the fourth message sent by the base station, in response to the fourth message, the terminal sends a fifth message on the third antenna, the fourth message is an RRC connection establishment message, and the fifth message is an RRC connection establishment completion message.

6. The method according to claim 5, characterized in that After the terminal sends a fifth message on the third antenna, the method further includes: When the terminal receives the retransmission scheduling of the fifth message by the base station, and the number of times the terminal sends the fifth message on the third antenna reaches a third preset number, the terminal selects the best antenna from the at least two antennas as the fourth antenna according to the first condition; The terminal sends the fifth message via the fourth antenna.

7. The method according to claim 3, characterized in that The random access procedure is a non-contention random access procedure, and the third message is a radio resource control RRC connection establishment completion message.

8. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that The terminal selects an optimal antenna from the at least two antennas according to the first condition, including: When the downlink measurement index of the next antenna of the terminal is greater than the downlink measurement index of the current antenna minus the second threshold, the terminal selects the next antenna as the optimal antenna, or, The terminal selects the antenna with the highest priority other than the current antenna as the optimal antenna.

9. A terminal, characterized in that: The terminal comprises: one or more processors, one or more memories, the one or more memories storing one or more computer programs, the one or more computer programs comprising instructions, and when the instructions are executed by the one or more processors, the terminal executes the method described in any one of claims 1 to 8.

10. A communication device, applied in a terminal, characterized in that: The device comprises a processor, which is coupled to a memory, reads instructions in the memory and executes the method according to any one of claims 1 to 8.

11. A computer program product comprising instructions, characterized in that When the instruction is executed on a terminal, the terminal is caused to execute the method according to any one of claims 1 to 8.

12. A computer-readable storage medium comprising instructions, characterized in that: When the instruction is executed on the first terminal, the first terminal is caused to execute the method according to any one of claims 1 to 8.

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