Method for preparing a personal care composition comprising microcapsules

Abstract

The present invention relates to a method for preparing a personal care composition, the method comprising the steps of: providing a mixer, the mixer comprising a housing, the housing comprising a first fluid inlet, a second inlet and a fluid outlet, the mixer further comprising a rotor rotatably connected to the housing, the rotor comprising blades positioned within the housing to define cells between adjacent blades and the housing; preparing a personal care base stock comprising a surfactant and water; preparing a microcapsule composition comprising microcapsules and air; advancing the personal care base stock along a flow path from the first fluid inlet towards the fluid outlet; transferring the microcapsule composition from the second inlet to the flow path by rotating the rotor; directing air in the microcapsule composition from inside the cells towards the second inlet; mixing the microcapsule composition with the personal care base stock to form the personal care composition; and advancing the personal care composition from the outlet. The microcapsule composition may further comprise an aqueous carrier, the aqueous carrier including but not limited to water. The personal care composition may be transported to a filling line and filled into bottles through a filling nozzle.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present disclosure generally relates to methods of preparing personal care compositions comprising microcapsules. Background Art

[0002] Consumers desire a product that delivers both good usage benefits and an aesthetically pleasing appearance of the product. Incorporating aesthetic materials such as microcapsules without breaking or damaging the microcapsules can be difficult, thus ruining the aesthetic appearance of the product. When incorporating microcapsules into a product, the microcapsules can roll up or fold. Additionally, when adding microcapsules to a personal care composition, air is typically also introduced into the manufacturing process. The formed air bubbles can make the product appear opaque rather than clear, which detracts from the aesthetic appearance of the microcapsules because the air bubbles can mask the presence of the microcapsules. While low levels of air can be used for aesthetics, higher levels of air contribute to the aforementioned opaque appearance. And, without a strategy to control the amount of added air bubbles, it is difficult to obtain bottles with a consistent appearance during the manufacturing process.

[0003] It has surprisingly been found that using the method disclosed in the present invention results in a personal care product comprising microcapsules that delivers an aesthetically pleasing appearance of the product in a bottle. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The present invention relates to a method of preparing a personal care composition, the method comprising the steps of: providing a mixer comprising a housing having a first fluid inlet, a second inlet, and a fluid outlet, the mixer further comprising a rotor rotatably connected to the housing, the rotor comprising blades positioned within the housing to define cells between adjacent blades and the housing; preparing a personal care base comprising a surfactant and water; preparing a microcapsule composition comprising microcapsules and air; advancing the personal care base along a flow path from the first fluid inlet towards the fluid outlet; transferring the microcapsule composition from the second inlet to the flow path by rotating the rotor; directing air in the microcapsule composition from inside the cells towards the second inlet; mixing the microcapsule composition with the personal care base to form the personal care composition; and advancing the personal care composition from the outlet. The microcapsule composition may further comprise an aqueous carrier, which includes but is not limited to water. The personal care composition may be delivered to a filling nozzle. Brief Description of the Drawings

[0005] Figure 1 A perspective view of an apparatus for mixing microcapsules into a personal care base is shown;

[0006] Figure 2 Shows through Figure 1Longitudinal section of the middle part of the device;

[0007] Figure 3A Shows an example of a set of rotor blades for the rotor of a device;

[0008] Figure 3B Shows a Figure 3A set of rotor blades that together form the rotor of the device;

[0009] Figure 4A and Figure 4B shows two alternative rotor blades suitable for the device;

[0010] Figures 5a to 5f are formed microcapsules.

[0011] Figure 6 Is a photograph of a shampoo product containing petal-shaped flaky microcapsules.

[0012] Figure 7 Is a perspective view of an exemplary embodiment of the closing valve assembly of the present invention in a bottle filling assembly line.

[0013] Figure 8 Is a view of an exemplary embodiment of the closing valve assembly of the present invention.

[0014] Figures 8A to 8C Is a cross-sectional view of an exemplary embodiment of the closing valve assembly of the present invention. Detailed Description

[0015] Although the invention is specifically pointed out and clearly claimed by the claims at the end of the specification, it is believed that the present disclosure will be better understood from the following description.

[0016] As used herein, the term "fluid" includes liquids and gels.

[0017] As used herein, when used in the claims, the articles including "a" and "an" shall be understood to mean one or more of the substances protected or described by the claims.

[0018] As used herein, "comprising / including" means that other steps and other components can be added without affecting the final result. This term encompasses the terms "consisting of" and "consisting essentially of".

[0019] As used herein, "mixture" is intended to include simple combinations of substances and any compounds that may result from their combination.

[0020] As used herein, unless otherwise indicated, "molecular weight" or "M.Wt." refers to the weight-average molecular weight. Molecular weight is measured using an industrial standard method, gel permeation chromatography ("GPC"). Molecular weight has the unit of grams per mole.

[0021] As used herein, "personal care composition" includes personal care products such as shampoos, bath products, facial cleansers, hair conditioning shampoos, conditioning shampoos, and other surfactant-based liquid compositions.

[0022] As used herein, the terms "comprising", "including", and "containing" are intended to be non-limiting and are understood to mean "having", "possessing", and "covering", respectively.

[0023] Unless otherwise indicated, all percentages, parts, and ratios are based on the total weight of the composition described herein. All such weights referring to listed ingredients are based on the active ingredient content and thus do not include carriers or by-products that may be included in commercially available materials.

[0024] Unless otherwise indicated, all component or composition levels are for the active portion of that component or composition and do not include impurities that may be present in commercially available sources of such components or compositions, such as residual solvents or by-products.

[0025] It should be understood that every upper numerical limit given throughout this specification includes every lower numerical limit, as if such lower numerical limits were expressly written herein. Every lower numerical limit given throughout this specification will include every upper numerical limit, as if such upper numerical limits were expressly written herein. Every numerical range given throughout this specification will include every narrower numerical range that falls within such broader numerical range, as if such narrower numerical ranges were all expressly written herein.

[0026] A. Method

[0027] A personal care composition can be prepared by forming a personal care base in the following manner: 1) adding water and a surfactant, 2) adding a thickener, a stabilizer (optional) such as EGDS, glyceryl trihydroxystearate, an acrylate thickening polymer, etc., 3) adding a conditioner (optional) such as a polymer, a silicone, an oil, etc., and 4) adding a beautifier such as a fragrance, a colorant (optional), and a preservative. These materials can be mixed together via conventional methods. Typically, the above steps will introduce enough air bubbles into the product to make the finished personal care product opaque. The opaque appearance may be the result of excessive visible air bubbles. Through mixing and when adding microcapsules, air surrounds these materials and is blended into the personal care composition. If the product will stabilize solid particles (such as microcapsules), it will also stabilize air of a given size, and thus the air bubbles will not leave the product, and the product will tend to appear opaque over time. It is possible that over a long period of time, the air bubbles can slowly disappear through various mechanisms, such as air bubble rising in the case where the yield stress is insufficient for a given air bubble size, changes in the air solubility in the fluid due to temperature changes, and diffusion / aging. Although these mechanisms may sometimes ultimately result in a product without visible air bubbles, it may take weeks or months or possibly years to effectively make the product bubble-free. The persistence of air bubbles in the fluid is not desired because consumers will purchase the product before the air bubbles predictably leave the fluid. Therefore, it is desirable to form a product with a small amount of air such that the product on the shelf has a predictable amount of visible microcapsules. Acceptable levels of air bubbles in the personal care composition can be tested in a variety of ways, including but not limited to using the L* test described herein, where the personal care composition has an L value of 0 to about 40. Alternatively, a personal care composition with an acceptable effect of air bubbles on the appearance can be determined using the visual opacity assessment method described herein.

[0028] A method of preparing a clarified personal care composition (free of opacity caused by air bubbles) includes first providing a mixer ( Figure 1 ), the mixer including a housing 10, the housing including a first fluid inlet 20, a second inlet 30, and a fluid outlet 40, the mixer further including a rotor 50 rotatably connected to the housing 10, the rotor including vanes 60 positioned within the housing to define cells 70 between adjacent vanes and the housing. A personal care base composition including a surfactant, an aqueous carrier, an optional thickener, a polymer, a conditioner, a fragrance, and a preservative is prepared, and a microcapsule composition including microcapsules is prepared. The microcapsule composition can enter the system with air. The air is introduced into the system as air that naturally surrounds the microcapsules. Alternatively, a liquid / slurry premix having microcapsules and an aqueous carrier can be formed, and the liquid / slurry is pumped continuously to an impeller pump section of an ingredient metering feeder. When the liquid / slurry enters the second inlet ( Figure 1, when at about 30 locations), it can be surrounded by air. The personal care base is advanced at a rate of about 1.5 L / min to about 200 L / min, alternatively about 50 L / min to about 150 L / min.

[0029] As Figure 2 shown, the personal care base stock 100 is advanced along a flow path from a first fluid inlet 110 towards a fluid outlet 120, and then the microcapsule composition 130 is transferred through a second inlet 140 into the flow path by a rotating rotor 150. When the rotor incorporates the microcapsule composition, air can also enter the system. Then air is removed from the process by guiding the air in the microcapsule composition from the interior of the pores towards the second inlet. The air can escape via holes in the rotor blades ( Figure 1 , at 75), and / or forcing the air through the gap between the rotor blades and the mixer housing. Additionally, the holes can pass straight through the rotor blades in a direction perpendicular to the long axis of the rotor blades, or the holes can be angled so as to direct the discharged air and liquid flow to one side of the rotor housing. The holes can be of any shape or size, suitable shapes including circular, rectangular, oval, etc. Suitable sizes include from about 0.1 mm to about 10 mm, from about 0.5 mm to 5 mm, from about 1 mm to about 3 mm. Further, the holes can be designed such that they expand or contract through the rotor blades, such that when the holes expand as they progress through the rotor blades, one side of the rotor blade can have smaller cavities than the other side. Next, the microcapsule composition is mixed with the personal care base stock to form a personal care composition; and the personal care composition is advanced from the outlet. Figure 3A An example of a set of rotor blades for rotors 160, 170, 180 and rotor 195 for the device is shown. Figure 3B Shown is in the form of a rotor 190 which together forms the device Figure 3A a set of rotor blades; Figure 4A Shown is a rotor blade 200 having holes 205, and Figure 4B Shown is a rotor blade 210 having holes 220, 230 suitable for the device.

[0030] Then the personal care composition exiting the fluid outlet ( Figure 1 , 40) is blended to evenly distribute the microcapsules in the personal care composition. Then the blended personal care composition is transferred to a filling line. Preferably, this is at a short distance from the ingredient metering feeder. An optional buffer tank can also be used between the filler and the ingredient metering feeder to provide a buffer such that the ingredient metering feeder can remain operational during periods when the filler is out of operation. Alternatively, the method does not use any storage tanks and operates as a continuous process.

[0031] The product 300 is filled into the bottle 310 ( Figure 7, through the filling nozzle 320). Filling nozzles typically include a positive means of shutting off the flow between filling cycles. This is done to prevent the product from dripping or stringing from the nozzle between filling cycles or to minimize the amount of such dripping or stringing. In the absence of this strategy, the product is typically filled outside the bottle, which is undesirable for reasons of consumer aesthetics, cleanliness, and product waste. The means of shutting off the flow between filling cycles is typically a piston device located inside the filling nozzle. The piston rises and falls between filling cycles. It has been found that microcapsules can be blocked from flowing around the piston, resulting in the microcapsules flowing mainly downward on the sides of the filling nozzle. It has been found that this results in the microcapsules tending to be more consistent on one side of the bottle than on the other, providing an undesirable non-uniform appearance of the microcapsules. Thus, the filling nozzle can be used to minimize damage and help distribute the microcapsules throughout the filled bottle. Figures 8A to 8C shows a filling nozzle. The filling nozzle may include a fluid shut-off valve assembly 400 having a fluid flow path that defines the direction of fluid flow, the assembly including: a fluid inlet orifice 500 that is in fluid communication with a fluid source and that allows fluid to flow from the fluid source into the fluid flow path of the valve assembly in the direction of fluid flow; a fluid outlet orifice 600 that is in fluid communication with the fluid flow path of the valve assembly and through which fluid can flow out of the valve assembly; and a fluid shut-off valve 700 that is in fluid communication with the fluid inlet and the fluid outlet and that has a fluid blocking portion 920 and a fluid passage portion 900, the fluid shut-off valve being movable (as Figure 8B and Figure 8C shown) to a closed position in which the fluid passage portion is aligned with the fluid flow path and in which the fluid blocking portion is aligned with the fluid flow path, wherein the fluid shut-off valve is oriented such that it moves in a direction generally perpendicular to the direction of fluid flow at the position where the fluid shut-off valve intercepts the fluid flow path. A suitable filling nozzle is disclosed in US 9,720,425. Additionally, the fluid shut-off valve can be moved to a closed position in which fluid is blocked from flowing through the fluid flow path (as Figure 8A shown). The fluid shut-off valve 400 rotates along the passage 420 to an open position (as Figure 8C and Figure 8C shown) and then to a closed position (as Figure 8A shown).

[0032] The fluid passage portion has an upper portion that contacts the fluid inlet 500, an intermediate portion 520, and a lower portion that contacts the fluid outlet 600. All three portions of the fluid passage portion can have the same diameter (as Figure 8Bas shown in Figure 8C ). The upper portion 940 of the fluid flow portion may have a smaller diameter than the lower portion 930 of the fluid flow portion (as shown in Figure 8B ). The upper portion of the fluid flow portion may have the same diameter as the fluid inlet, and the lower portion of the fluid flow portion may have the same diameter as the fluid outlet (as shown in

[0033] ). Additionally, the fluid nozzle may be modified or changed between production runs to set the fluid velocity leaving the nozzle. The fluid velocity may provide optimal flow conditions in the bottle. A fluid velocity that is too slow leaving the nozzle may result in uneven distribution of the microcapsules in the bottle. A fluid velocity that is too fast may result in excessive air entrainment or splashing.

[0034] B. Microcapsules

[0035] The shampoo product contains microcapsules. The microcapsules may have a round, bead-like, layered or strip-like, flake-like, spherical, hemispherical, hemispherical-like, flat-bottomed teardrop-like, oval or ribbon-like form. The shampoo product contains from about 0.05% to about 10% by weight, alternatively from about 0.1% to about 5% by weight, of microcapsules. The microcapsules may have a thickness less than the width, with a thickness of from about 0.01 mm to about 1 mm, alternatively from about 0.4 mm to about 0.8 mm (measured in the middle of the sheet). The width and / or length of the microcapsules may be from about 0.5 mm to about 20 mm, alternatively from about 1 mm to about 5 mm, alternatively the width and / or length is from about 5 mm to about 20 mm, alternatively the width and / or length is from about 8 mm to about 15 mm. The shape may be any geometric shape, including but not limited to circular ( Figure 5A ), petal-shaped ( Figure 5B ), triangular ( Figure 5C ), rectangular ( Figure 5D ), oval ( Figure 5E ), and / or square ( Figure 5F ).

[0036] The microcapsules can be gellan gum films and contain about 30 parts to about 40 parts of sodium alginate, about 40 parts to about 50 parts of gellan gum, about 5 parts to about 10 parts of polyvinyl alcohol, and about 5 parts to about 10 parts of sodium carboxymethyl cellulose. The microcapsules can also contain menthol, peppermint oil, menthyl lactate, jojoba oil, vitamin E, and dyes, other extracts, and / or fragrances. Suitable microcapsules, Dream Petals, are available from Sandream Impact LLC, Fairfield New Jersey. Suitable microcapsules in the form of beads include, but are not limited to, Koko Products Incorporated (South Plainfield NJ), ScrubbingBeads, Floratech Cosmetics (Chandler), AZ Ecobeads, Florabeads, and Florasomes.

[0037] Alternatively, the microcapsules in the personal care composition can be discrete particles comprising anhydrous particles and an aqueous phase, such as those disclosed in U.S. Patent Application 2019 / 035485. The anhydrous particles are prepared by co-melting one or more aliphatic amphiphiles and one or more second surfactants and then cooling to solidify. Various methods can be used to control the particle size of such anhydrous particles. The anhydrous particles are then added to an aqueous phase containing a detergency surfactant. This causes swelling of such particles, thereby converting them into discrete particles. The discrete particles can be a gel network.

[0038] The size of the discrete particles in the cleaning composition ranges from about 200 μm to about 15,000 μm. Alternatively, the scale of the discrete particles in the cleaning composition ranges from about 500 μm to about 7000 μm. Alternatively, the scale of the discrete particles in the cleaning composition ranges from about 1000 μm to about 5000 μm. It is visually measured by conventional techniques, such as using a ruler, optical microscopy, etc.

[0039] C. Incorporating Microcapsules into Personal Care Products

[0040] 1. Personal Care Base

[0041] The personal care composition can be prepared by forming a personal care base comprising water, a surfactant, and optionally a thickener, a stabilizer, a thickening agent, a polymer, a conditioner, a fragrance, and a preservative. The microcapsules can then be added via the methods described previously.

[0042] a. Surfactant

[0043] The personal care compositions described herein may comprise one or more surfactants in a surfactant system. The one or more surfactants may be selected from anionic surfactants, zwitterionic surfactants, nonionic surfactants, and mixtures thereof. The one or more surfactants may be substantially free of sulfate-based surfactants. As will be appreciated, surfactants provide cleaning benefits to soiled articles such as hair, skin, and hair follicles by facilitating the removal of oil and other soil. Surfactants generally facilitate such cleaning because the amphiphilic nature of the surfactant allows the surfactant to break up oil and other soil and form micelles around the oil and other soil, which can then be rinsed away, thereby removing the oil or soil from the soiled article. Suitable surfactants for personal care compositions may include anionic moieties to allow for the formation of coacervate layers with cationic polymers. The surfactants may be selected from anionic surfactants, zwitterionic surfactants, amphoteric surfactants, nonionic surfactants, and combinations thereof.

[0044] The personal care composition comprises one or more detersive surfactants in a personal care base. A detersive surfactant component is included in the personal care composition to provide cleaning performance. The detersive surfactant may be selected from anionic detersive surfactants, zwitterionic detersive surfactants, or amphoteric detersive surfactants, or combinations thereof. Such surfactants should be physically and chemically compatible with the components described herein or should not otherwise unduly impair product stability, aesthetics, or performance. Particularly suitable herein is lauryl polyoxyethylene ether-n-sulfate, where n = 1 (“SLE1S”). SLE1S is capable of achieving more efficient foaming and cleaning compared to higher molar equivalents of ethoxylated counterparts, particularly in personal care compositions containing high levels of conditioning actives.

[0045] Suitable anionic detersive surfactants include those known for use in hair care or other personal care compositions. The anionic detersive surfactant may be a combination of sodium lauryl sulfate and lauryl polyoxyethylene ether n-sulfate. The concentration of the anionic surfactant in the composition should be sufficient to provide the desired cleaning and foaming performance and generally ranges from about 5% to about 50%, alternatively from about 8% to about 30%, alternatively from about 9% to about 25%, and alternatively from about 10% to about 17% by weight of the composition.

[0046] Suitable zwitterionic detersive surfactants or amphoteric detersive surfactants include those known for use in hair care or other personal care compositions. The concentration of such amphoteric detersive surfactants ranges from about 0.5% to about 20%, alternatively from about 1% to about 10%. Non-limiting examples of suitable zwitterionic surfactants or amphoteric surfactants are described in U.S. Patents 5,104,646 and 5,106,609.

[0047] Additional anionic surfactants suitable for use herein include those having the formula ROSO 3 M and RO(C 2 H 4 O) x SO 3 M alkyl sulfates and alkyl ether sulfates, where R is an alkyl or alkenyl group having from about 8 to about 18 carbon atoms, x is from 1 to 10, and M is a water-soluble cation such as ammonium, sodium, potassium, and triethanolamine cations, or a salt of a divalent magnesium ion having two anionic surfactant anions. Alkyl ether sulfates can be prepared as condensation products of ethylene oxide and monohydric alcohols having from about 8 to about 24 carbon atoms. The alcohols can be derived from fats such as coconut oil, palm oil, palm kernel oil, or tallow, or can be synthetic.

[0048] Examples of suitable additional anionic surfactants include, but are not limited to, ammonium lauryl sulfate, ammonium lauryl polyoxyethylene ether sulfate, triethylamine lauryl sulfate, triethylamine lauryl polyoxyethylene ether sulfate, triethanolamine lauryl sulfate, triethanolamine lauryl polyoxyethylene ether sulfate, monoethanolamine lauryl sulfate, monoethanolamine lauryl polyoxyethylene ether sulfate, diethanolamine lauryl sulfate, diethanolamine lauryl polyoxyethylene ether sulfate, sodium glycerol monolaurate sulfate, sodium lauryl sulfate, sodium lauryl polyoxyethylene ether sulfate, potassium lauryl polyoxyethylene ether sulfate, sodium lauroyl sarcosine, sodium lauroyl sarcosinate, lauroyl sarcosine, cocoyl sarcosine, ammonium cocoyl sulfate, ammonium lauroyl sulfate, sodium cocoyl sulfate, sodium lauroyl sulfate, potassium cocoyl sulfate, potassium lauryl sulfate, monoethanolamine cocoyl sulfate, sodium tridecyl polyoxyethylene ether sulfate, sodium tridecyl sulfate, sodium methyl lauroyl taurate, sodium methyl cocoyl taurate, sodium lauroyl isethionate, sodium cocoyl isethionate, sodium lauryl polyoxyethylene ether sulfosuccinate, sodium lauryl sulfosuccinate, sodium tridecylbenzenesulfonate, sodium dodecylbenzenesulfonate, and mixtures thereof.

[0049] The personal care composition may also contain additional surfactants for combination with the anionic detersive surfactant components described herein. Suitable additional surfactants include cationic and nonionic surfactants.

[0050] Non-limiting examples of other anionic, zwitterionic, amphoteric, cationic, nonionic, or optional additional surfactants suitable for use in the compositions are described in McCutcheon, Emulsifiers and Detergents, 1989 ed., M.C. Publishing Co., and U.S. Patents 3,929,678; 2,658,072; 2,438,091; and 2,528,378.

[0051] The personal care compositions described herein may be substantially free of sulfate-based surfactants. As used herein, "substantially free" of sulfate-based surfactants means from about 0 wt% to about 3 wt%, alternatively from about 0 wt% to about 2 wt%, alternatively from about 0 wt% to about 1 wt%, alternatively from about 0 wt% to about 0.5 wt%, alternatively from about 0 wt% to about 0.25 wt%, alternatively from about 0 wt% to about 0.1 wt%, alternatively from about 0 wt% to about 0.05 wt%, alternatively from about 0 wt% to about 0.01 wt%, alternatively from about 0 wt% to about 0.001 wt%, and / or alternatively free of sulfates. As used herein, "free of" means 0 wt%.

[0052] One or more additional anionic surfactants may be selected from: hydroxyethyl sulfonates, sarcosinates, sulfonates, sulfosuccinates, sulfacetates, acyl glycines, acyl alanines, acyl glutamates, lactates, alkenyl lactates, gluconates, amphoacetates, taurates, phosphate esters, and mixtures thereof. In this case, alkyl is defined as a saturated or unsaturated, straight-chain or branched alkyl chain having 7 to 17 carbon atoms, alternatively having 9 to 13 carbon atoms. In this case, acyl is defined as having the formula R-C(O)-, where R is a saturated or unsaturated, straight-chain or branched alkyl chain having 7 to 17 carbon atoms, alternatively having 9 to 13 carbon atoms.

[0053] Suitable hydroxyethyl sulfonate surfactants may include the reaction product of a fatty acid esterified with hydroxyethanesulfonic acid and neutralized with sodium hydroxide. Suitable fatty acids for hydroxyethyl sulfonate surfactants may be derived from coconut oil or palm kernel oil including amides of methyl taurine. Non-limiting examples of hydroxyethyl sulfonates may be selected from: sodium lauroyl methyl hydroxyethyl sulfonate, sodium cocoyl hydroxyethyl sulfonate, ammonium cocoyl hydroxyethyl sulfonate, sodium hydrogenated cocoyl methyl hydroxyethyl sulfonate, sodium lauroyl hydroxyethyl sulfonate, sodium cocoyl methyl hydroxyethyl sulfonate, sodium myristoyl hydroxyethyl sulfonate, sodium oleoyl hydroxyethyl sulfonate, sodium oleyl methyl hydroxyethyl sulfonate, sodium palm kerneloyl hydroxyethyl sulfonate, sodium stearoyl methyl hydroxyethyl sulfonate, and mixtures thereof.

[0054] Non-limiting examples of sarcosinates may be selected from: sodium lauroyl sarcosinate, sodium cocoyl sarcosinate, sodium myristoyl sarcosinate, TEA-cocoyl sarcosinate, ammonium cocoyl sarcosinate, ammonium lauroyl sarcosinate, dilinoleoyl dilauryl glutamate / sodium lauroyl sarcosinate, disodium lauroamphodiacetate lauroyl sarcosinate, sodium lauroyl isopropyl sarcosinate, potassium cocoyl sarcosinate, potassium lauroyl sarcosinate, sodium cocoyl sarcosinate, sodium lauroyl sarcosinate, sodium myristyl sarcosinate, sodium oleoyl sarcosinate, sodium palmitoyl sarcosinate, TEA-cocoyl sarcosinate, TEA-lauroyl sarcosinate, TEA-oleoyl sarcosinate, TEA-palm kernel sarcosinate, and combinations thereof.

[0055] Non-limiting examples of sulfosuccinate surfactants may include sodium N-octadecyl sulfosuccinate, sodium lauryl sulfosuccinate, ammonium lauryl sulfosuccinate, sodium lauryl sulfosuccinate, disodium lauryl polyoxyethylene ether sulfosuccinate, tetrasodium N-(1,2-dicarboxyethyl)-N-octadecyl sulfosuccinate, dipentyl ester of sodium sulfosuccinate, dihexyl ester of sodium sulfosuccinate, dioctyl ester of sodium sulfosuccinate, and combinations thereof.

[0056] Non-limiting examples of sulfacetates may include sodium lauryl sulfacetate, ammonium lauryl sulfacetate, and combinations thereof.

[0057] Non-limiting examples of acylglycinates may include sodium cocoyl glycinate, sodium lauroyl glycinate, and combinations thereof.

[0058] Non-limiting examples of acylalaninates may include sodium cocoyl alaninate, sodium lauroyl alaninate, sodium N-dodecanoyl-l-alaninate, and combinations thereof.

[0059] Non-limiting examples of acyl glutamates may be selected from sodium cocoyl glutamate, disodium cocoyl glutamate, ammonium cocoyl glutamate, diammonium cocoyl glutamate, sodium lauroyl glutamate, disodium lauroyl glutamate, sodium cocoyl hydrolyzed wheat protein glutamate, disodium cocoyl hydrolyzed wheat protein glutamate, potassium cocoyl glutamate, dipotassium cocoyl glutamate, potassium lauroyl glutamate, dipotassium lauroyl glutamate, potassium cocoyl hydrolyzed wheat protein glutamate, dipotassium cocoyl hydrolyzed wheat protein glutamate, sodium capryloyl glutamate, disodium capryloyl glutamate, potassium capryloyl glutamate, dipotassium capryloyl glutamate, sodium undecylenoyl glutamate, disodium undecylenoyl glutamate, potassium undecylenoyl glutamate, dipotassium undecylenoyl glutamate, disodium hydrogenated tallow glutamate, sodium stearoyl glutamate, disodium stearoyl glutamate, potassium stearoyl glutamate, dipotassium stearoyl glutamate, sodium myristoyl glutamate, disodium myristoyl glutamate, potassium myristoyl glutamate, dipotassium myristoyl glutamate, sodium cocoyl / hydrogenated tallow glutamate, sodium cocoyl / palmitoyl / sunflower oil glutamate, sodium hydrogenated tallow glutamate, sodium oleoyl glutamate, disodium oleoyl glutamate, sodium palmitoyl glutamate, disodium palmitoyl glutamate, TEA-cocoyl glutamate, TEA-hydrogenated tallow glutamate, TEA-lauroyl glutamate, and mixtures thereof.

[0060] Non-limiting examples of acyl glycine salts may include sodium cocoyl glycinate, sodium lauroyl glycinate, and combinations thereof.

[0061] Non-limiting examples of lactates may include sodium lactate.

[0062] Non-limiting examples of alkenyl lactates may include sodium lauroyl alkenyl lactate, sodium cocoyl alkenyl lactate, and combinations thereof.

[0063] Non-limiting examples of glucose carboxylates may include sodium lauryl glucoside carboxylate, sodium cocoyl glucoside carboxylate, and combinations thereof.

[0064] Non-limiting examples of alkyl amphoacetates may include sodium cocoyl amphoacetate, sodium lauroyl amphoacetate, and combinations thereof.

[0065] Non-limiting examples of acyl taurates may include sodium methyl cocoyl taurate, sodium methyl lauroyl taurate, sodium methyl oleoyl taurate, and combinations thereof.

[0066] The co-surfactant is a material mixed with an undecyl sulfate surfactant and an optional anionic surfactant to enhance foam volume and / or improve foam texture. Typically, these materials can be selected from various structures, including but not limited to amphoteric, zwitterionic, cationic, and nonionic. They are typically used in a weight ratio of 1:20 to 1:4, and alternatively in a weight ratio of 1:12 to 1:7, with the anionic surfactant.

[0067] The personal care composition can comprise from about 0.5 wt% to about 10 wt%, alternatively from about 0.5 wt% to about 5 wt%, alternatively from about 0.5 wt% to about 3 wt%, alternatively from about 0.5 wt% to about 2 wt%, alternatively from about 0.5 wt% to about 1.75 wt% of at least one suitable co-surfactant, based on the weight of the composition. The co-surfactant can be used to generate foam more quickly, facilitate rinsing more easily, and / or reduce irritation to the keratinous tissue. The co-surfactant also helps to generate foam with a more desirable texture, volume, and / or other properties.

[0068] Amphoteric surfactants suitable for use herein include but are not limited to derivatives of aliphatic secondary and tertiary amines, where the aliphatic group can be straight-chain or branched-chain, and where one of the aliphatic substituents contains from about 8 to about 18 carbon atoms, and one aliphatic substituent contains an anionic water-solubilizing group such as carboxyl, sulfonate, sulfate, phosphate, or phosphonate. Examples include sodium 3-dodecylaminopropionate, sodium 3-dodecylaminopropanesulfonate, sodium lauroyl sarcosinate, N-alkyl taurates such as those prepared by the reaction of dodecylamine with sodium hydroxyethylsulfonate according to the guidance in U.S. 2658072, N-higher alkyl aspartates such as those prepared according to the guidance in U.S. 2438091 and the products described in U.S. 2528378, and mixtures thereof. The amphoteric surfactant can be selected from the betaine family, such as lauroyl amphoacetate.

[0069] The zwitterionic surfactants applicable herein include, but are not limited to, derivatives of aliphatic quaternary ammonium, phosphonium, and sulfonium compounds, wherein the aliphatic group can be straight-chain or branched-chain, and wherein one aliphatic substituent contains from about 8 to about 18 carbon atoms, and one aliphatic substituent contains an anionic group such as carboxyl, sulfonate, sulfate, phosphate, or phosphonate. Other zwitterionic surfactants applicable herein include betaines, including higher alkyl betaines such as coco dimethyl carboxymethyl betaine, cocoamidopropyl betaine, coco betaine, lauramidopropyl betaine, oleyl betaine, lauryl dimethyl carboxymethyl betaine, lauryl dimethyl α-carboxyethyl betaine, cetyl dimethyl carboxymethyl betaine, lauryl bis-(2-hydroxyethyl) carboxymethyl betaine, stearyl bis-(2-hydroxypropyl) carboxymethyl betaine, oleyl dimethyl γ-carboxypropyl betaine, lauryl bis-(2-hydroxypropyl) α-carboxyethyl betaine, and mixtures thereof. Sulfobetaines can include coco dimethyl sulfopropyl betaine, stearyl dimethyl sulfopropyl betaine, lauryl dimethyl sulfoethyl betaine, lauryl bis-(2-hydroxyethyl) sulfopropyl betaine, and mixtures thereof. Other suitable amphoteric surfactants include amido betaines and amido sulfobetaines, wherein the RCONH(CH 2 ) 3 group, wherein R is a C 11 -C 17 alkyl group, attached to the nitrogen atom of the betaine.

[0070] The nonionic co-surfactants applicable in the composition to increase the foam volume or texture include water-soluble substances such as lauryl dimethylamine oxide, coco dimethylamine oxide, cocoamidopropylamine oxide, lauramidopropylamine oxide, etc., or alkyl polyethoxylates such as lauryl polyoxyethylene ether-4 to lauryl polyoxyethylene ether-7, and water-insoluble components such as coco monoethanolamide, coco diethanolamide, lauroyl monoethanolamide, alkanoyl isopropanolamide, and fatty alcohols such as cetyl alcohol and oleyl alcohol, and 2-hydroxyalkyl methyl ethers and the like.

[0071] Substances that are also applicable as co-surfactants herein include 1,2-alkyl epoxides, 1,2-alkanediols, branched or straight-chain alkyl glyceryl ethers (such as those disclosed in EP 1696023A1), 1,2-alkyl cyclic carbonates, and 1,2-alkyl cyclic sulfites, especially those wherein the alkyl group contains 6 to 14 carbon atoms in a straight-chain or branched-chain configuration. Other examples include those derived from C 10 or C 12Alkyl ether alcohols resulting from the reaction of α-olefins with ethylene glycol (such as hydroxyethyl-2-decyl ether, hydroxyethyl-2-dodecyl ether), which are prepared according to U.S. 5,741,948, U.S. 5,994,595, U.S. 6,346,509, and U.S. 6,417,408.

[0072] Other nonionic surfactants can be selected from glucamides, alkyl polyglucosides, sucrose cocoate, sucrose laurate, alkanolamides, ethoxylated alcohols, and mixtures thereof. The nonionic surfactants are selected from: glyceryl monohydroxystearate, isostearyl polyoxyethylene ether-2, tridecyl polyoxyethylene ether-3, hydroxystearic acid, propylene glycol stearate, PEG-2 stearate, sorbitan monostearate, glyceryl laurate, lauryl polyoxyethylene ether-2, cocoamidomonoethanolamine, lauramidomonoethanolamine, and mixtures thereof.

[0073] Co-surfactants can be selected from cocoamidomonoethanolamide, cocoamidopropyl betaine, lauramidopropyl betaine, coco betaine, lauryl betaine, lauryl amine oxide, lauryl amphoacetate; alkyl glyceryl ethers, alkyl diglyceryl ethers, 1,2-alkylcyclosulfites, 1,2-alkyl cyclic carbonates, 1,2-alkyl epoxides, alkyl glycidyl ethers, and alkyl-1,3-dioxolanes, where the alkyl group contains 6 to 14 carbon atoms in a straight-chain or branched configuration; 1,2-alkanediols (where the total carbon content is 6 to 14 carbon atoms in a straight-chain or branched configuration), methyl-2-hydroxydecyl ether, hydroxyethyl-2-dodecyl ether, hydroxyethyl-2-decyl ether, and mixtures thereof.

[0074] Cationic surfactants can be derived from amines protonated at the pH of the formulation, such as dihydroxyethyl laurylamine, lauryl dimethylamine, lauroyl dimethylamidopropylamine, cocoamidopropylamine, etc. Cationic surfactants can also be derived from aliphatic quaternary ammonium salts, such as lauryl trimethyl ammonium chloride and lauramidopropyl trimethyl ammonium chloride.

[0075] Alkyl amphoacetates are suitable surfactants for use in the compositions herein for improved product mildness and foam. The most commonly used alkyl amphoacetates are lauroamphoacetate and cocoamphoacetate. Alkyl amphoacetates can consist of monoacetates and diacetates. In some types of alkyl amphoacetates, the diacetate is an impurity or an unintended reaction product. However, when present in an amount greater than 15% of the alkyl amphoacetate, the presence of the diacetate can result in various undesirable composition properties.

[0076] Suitable nonionic surfactants for use herein are those selected from: glucamides, alkyl polyglucosides, sucrose cocoate, sucrose laurate, alkanolamides, ethoxylated alcohols, and mixtures thereof. In one embodiment, the nonionic surfactant is selected from: glyceryl monohydroxystearate, isostearyl polyoxyethylene ether-2, tridecyl polyoxyethylene ether-3, hydroxystearic acid, propylene glycol stearate, PEG-2 stearate, sorbitan monostearate, glyceryl laurate, lauryl polyoxyethylene ether-2, cocoamide monoethanolamine, lauramide monoethanolamine, and mixtures thereof.

[0077] Non-limiting examples of suitable structuring agents are described in U.S. 5,952,286 and include unsaturated and / or branched long-chain (C 8 -C 24 ) liquid fatty acids or their ester derivatives; unsaturated and / or branched long-chain liquid alcohols or their ether derivatives, and mixtures thereof. The surfactant may also contain short-chain saturated fatty acids such as capric acid and caprylic acid. Without being bound by theory, it is believed that the unsaturated portion of the fatty acid or alcohol, or the branched portion of the fatty acid or alcohol, serves to "disrupt" the surfactant hydrophobic chains and induce the formation of a lamellar phase. Examples of suitable liquid fatty acids include oleic acid, isostearic acid, linoleic acid, linolenic acid, ricinoleic acid, elaidic acid, arachidonic acid, nervonic acid, palmitoleic acid, and mixtures thereof. Examples of suitable ester derivatives include propylene glycol isostearate, propylene glycol oleate, glyceryl isostearate, glyceryl oleate, polyglyceryl diisostearate, and mixtures thereof. Examples of alcohols include oleyl alcohol and isostearyl alcohol. Examples of ether derivatives include isostearyl polyoxyethylene ether or oleyl polyoxyethylene ether carboxylic acid; or isostearyl polyoxyethylene ether or oleyl polyoxyethylene ether alcohol. The structuring agent can be defined as having a melting point below about 25 °C.

[0078] If present, the composition may contain a rheology modifier, wherein the rheology modifier includes a rheology modifier of cellulose, a crosslinked acrylate, a crosslinked maleic anhydride copolymerized methyl vinyl ether, a hydrophobically modified associative polymer, or mixtures thereof.

[0079] If used, the electrolyte itself can be added to the composition or it can be formed in situ via counterions contained in one of the raw materials. The electrolyte can contain anions including phosphates, chlorides, sulfates, or citrates, and cations including sodium, ammonium, potassium, magnesium, or mixtures thereof. The electrolyte can be sodium chloride, ammonium chloride, sodium sulfate, or ammonium sulfate. The electrolyte can be added to the composition in an amount of about 0.1 wt% to about 15 wt%, alternatively about 1 wt% to about 6 wt%, and alternatively about 3 wt% to about 6 wt% based on the weight of the composition.

[0080] b. Cationic Polymer

[0081] Personal care compositions may include cationic polymers to allow for the formation of a coacervate layer. As can be understood, the cationic charge of the cationic polymer can interact with the anionic charge of the surfactant to form a coacervate layer. Suitable cationic polymers may include: (a) cationic guar gum polymers, (b) cationic non-guar galactomannan polymers, (c) cationic starch polymers, (d) cationic copolymers of acrylamide monomers and cationic monomers, (e) synthetic non-crosslinked cationic polymers that may or may not form lyotropic liquid crystals after mixing with a detersive surfactant, (f) cationic synthetic homopolymers, (g) cationic cellulose polymers, and (h) combinations thereof. In certain examples, more than one cationic polymer may be included. The cationic polymer may be selected from guar hydroxypropyltrimonium chloride, polyquaternium-10, polyquaternium-6, and combinations thereof.

[0082] The cationic polymer may be included at about 0.05% to about 3%, about 0.075% to about 2.0%, or about 0.1% to about 1.0% by weight of the personal care composition. The cationic polymer may have a cationic charge density of about 0.9 meq / g or higher, about 1.2 meq / g or higher, and about 1.5 meq / g or higher. However, the cationic charge density may also be about 7 meq / g or lower, and alternatively about 5 meq / g or lower. The charge density may be measured at the pH of the intended use of the personal care composition. (For example, at about pH 3 to about pH 9; or at about pH 4 to about pH 8). The average molecular weight of the cationic polymer may generally be between about 10,000 and 10,000,000, between about 50,000 and 5,000,000, between about 100,000 and 3,000,000, between about 300,000 and 3,000,000, and between about 100,000 and 2,500,000. Low molecular weight cationic polymers may be used. The low molecular weight cationic polymer may have greater translucency in the liquid carrier of the personal care composition. The cationic polymer may be a single type, such as a cationic guar gum polymer, guar hydroxypropyltrimonium chloride, having a weight average molecular weight of about 2,500,000 g / mol or lower, and the personal care composition may have additional cationic polymers of the same or different types.

[0083] Cationic guar gum polymer

[0084] The cationic polymer can be a cationic guar gum polymer, which is a cationically substituted galactomannan (guar) gum derivative. Suitable guar gums for the guar gum derivatives can be obtained in the form of materials naturally occurring from the seeds of the guar gum plant. As can be understood, the guar gum molecule is a linear mannan branched with single-unit galactose units at regular intervals on alternating mannose units. The mannose units are linked to each other via β(1-4) glycosidic bond linkages. Galactose branching occurs via α(1-6) bonds. The cationic derivatives of guar gum can be obtained by the reaction between the hydroxyl groups of the polygalactomannan and a reactive quaternary ammonium compound. The degree of substitution of the cationic groups onto the guar gum structure can be sufficient to provide the required cationic charge density as described above.

[0085] The cationic guar gum polymer can have a weight average molecular weight (“M.Wt.”) of less than about 3,000,000 g / mol and can have a charge density of from about 0.05 meq / g to about 2.5 meq / g. Alternatively, the cationic guar gum polymer can have a weight average M.Wt. of less than 1,500,000 g / mol, from about 150,000 g / mol to about 1,500,000 g / mol, from about 200,000 g / mol to about 1,500,000 g / mol, from about 300,000 g / mol to about 1,500,000 g / mol, and from about 700,000,000 g / mol to about 1,500,000 g / mol. The cationic guar gum polymer can have a charge density of from about 0.2 meq / g to about 2.2 meq / g, from about 0.3 meq / g to about 2.0 meq / g, from about 0.4 meq / g to about 1.8 meq / g, and from about 0.5 meq / g to about 1.7 meq / g.

[0086] The cationic guar gum polymer may have a weight average M.Wt. of less than about 1,000,000 g / mol and may have a charge density of from about 0.1 meq / g to about 2.5 meq / g. The cationic guar gum polymer may have a weight average M.Wt. of less than 900,000 g / mol, from about 150,000 g / mol to about 800,000 g / mol, from about 200,000 g / mol to about 700,000 g / mol, from about 300,000 g / mol to about 700,000 g / mol, from about 400,000 g / mol to about 600,000 g / mol, from about 150,000 g / mol to about 800,000 g / mol, from about 200,000 g / mol to about 700,000 g / mol, from about 300,000 g / mol to about 700,000 g / mol, and from about 400,000 g / mol to about 600,000 g / mol. The cationic guar gum polymer has a charge density of from about 0.2 meq / g to about 2.2 meq / g, from about 0.3 meq / g to about 2.0 meq / g, from about 0.4 meq / g to about 1.8 meq / g, and from about 0.5 meq / g to about 1.5 meq / g.

[0087] The personal care composition may comprise from about 0.01 wt% to less than about 0.7 wt%, from about 0.04 wt% to about 0.55 wt%, from about 0.08 wt% to about 0.5 wt%, from about 0.16 wt% to about 0.5 wt%, from about 0.2 wt% to about 0.5 wt%, from about 0.3 wt% to about 0.5 wt%, and from about 0.4 wt% to about 0.5 wt% of the cationic guar gum polymer, based on the weight of the personal care composition.

[0088] The cationic guar gum polymer may be formed from a quaternary ammonium compound conforming to general formula II:

[0089]

[0090] wherein R 3 、R 4 and R 5 are methyl or ethyl groups; and R 6 is an epoxyalkyl group having general formula III:

[0091]

[0092] or R 6 is a haloalcohol group having general formula IV:

[0093]

[0094] wherein R 7 is C 1to C 3 an alkylene group; X is chlorine or bromine, and Z is an anion such as Cl−, Br−, I− or HSO 4 −.

[0095] Suitable cationic guar polymers may conform to Formula V:

[0096]

[0097] wherein R 8 is guar; and wherein R 4 , R 5 , R 6 and R 7 are as defined above; and wherein Z is a halogen. Suitable cationic guar polymers may conform to Formula VI:

[0098]

[0099] wherein R 8 is guar.

[0100] Suitable cationic guar polymers may also include cationic guar derivatives such as guar hydroxypropyltrimonium chloride. Suitable examples of guar hydroxypropyltrimonium chloride may include those commercially available from Solvay SA, the series from Rhodia's Hi-Care series and N-Hance and AquaCat from Ashland Inc. C-500 has a charge density of 0.8 meq / g and an M.Wt. of 500,000 g / mol; Jaguar Optima has a cationic charge density of about 1.25 meg / g and an M.Wt. of about 500,000 g / mol; C-17 has a cationic charge density of about 0.6 meq / g and an M.Wt. of about 2,200,000 g / mol; Having a cationic charge density of approximately 0.8 meq / g; Hi-Care 1000 has a charge density of approximately 0.7 meq / g and an M.Wt. of approximately 600,000 g / mol; N-Hance 3269 and N-Hance 3270 have a charge density of approximately 0.7 meq / g and an M.Wt. of approximately 425,000 g / mol; N-Hance 3196 has a charge density of approximately 0.8 meq / g and an M.Wt. of approximately 1,100,000 g / mol; and AquaCat CG518 has a charge density of approximately 0.9 meq / g and an M.Wt. of approximately 50,000 g / mol. N-Hance BF-13 and N-Hance BF-17 are guar gum polymers that do not contain borate (boron). N-Hance BF-13 has a charge density of approximately 1.1 meq / g and an M.W.t of approximately 800,000, and N-Hance BF-17 has a charge density of approximately 1.7 meq / g and an M.W.t of approximately 800,000. BF-17 has a charge density of approximately 1.7 meq / g and an M.W.t of approximately 800,000. BF-17 has a charge density of approximately 1.7 meq / g and an M.W.t of approximately 800,000. BF-17 has a charge density of approximately 1.7 meq / g and an M.W.t of approximately 800,000. BF-17 has a charge density of approximately 1.7 meq / g and an M.W.t of approximately 800,000.

[0101] Cationic non - guar gum galactomannan polymer

[0102] The cationic polymer can be a galactomannan polymer derivative. Suitable galactomannan polymers can have a mannose to galactose ratio greater than 2:1 on a monomer to monomer basis and can be cationic galactomannan polymer derivatives or zwitterionic galactomannan polymer derivatives having a net positive charge. As used herein, the term "cationic galactomannan" refers to a galactomannan polymer to which a cationic group has been added. The term "zwitterionic galactomannan" refers to a galactomannan polymer to which a cationic group and an anionic group have been added such that the polymer has a net positive charge.

[0103] Galactomannan polymers can be present in the endosperm of leguminous seeds. The galactomannan polymer is composed of a combination of mannose monomers and galactose monomers. The galactomannan molecule is a linear mannan that is branched with single-unit galactose units at specific mannose units at regular intervals. The mannose units are linked to each other via β(1-4) glycosidic linkages. Galactose branching occurs via α(1-6) bonds. The ratio of mannose monomers to galactose monomers varies according to the variety of the plant and can be affected by climate. Non-guar galactomannan polymer derivatives can have a mannose to galactose ratio greater than 2:1 on a monomer-to-monomer basis. Suitable ratios of mannose to galactose can also be greater than 3:1 or greater than 4:1. Analysis of the mannose to galactose ratio is well known in the art and is typically based on the measurement of galactose content.

[0104] Gums for preparing non-guar galactomannan polymer derivatives can be obtained from naturally occurring materials such as seeds or legumes of plants. Examples of various non-guar galactomannan polymers include tara gum (3 parts mannose / 1 part galactose), locust bean gum or carob gum (4 parts mannose / 1 part galactose), and cassia gum (5 parts mannose / 1 part galactose).

[0105] Non-guar galactomannan polymer derivatives can have an M.Wt. of about 1,000 g / mol to about 10,000,000 g / mol and an M.Wt. of about 5,000 g / mol to about 3,000,000 g / mol.

[0106] The personal care compositions described herein can comprise a galactomannan polymer derivative having a cationic charge density of about 0.5 meq / g to about 7 meq / g. The galactomannan polymer derivative can have a cationic charge density of about 1 meq / g to about 5 meq / g. The degree of substitution of cationic groups on the galactomannan structure can be sufficient to provide the desired cationic charge density.

[0107] The galactomannan polymer derivative can be a cationic derivative of a non-guar galactomannan polymer, which is obtained by the reaction between the hydroxyl groups of the polygalactomannan polymer and a reactive quaternary ammonium compound. Suitable quaternary ammonium compounds for forming the cationic galactomannan polymer derivative include compounds conforming to Formulas II to VI as defined above.

[0108] The cationic non-guar galactomannan polymer derivative formed from the reagents described above can be represented by Formula VII:

[0109]

[0110] Wherein R is a gum. The cationic galactomannan derivative can be gum hydroxypropyltrimethylammonium chloride, and the gum hydroxypropyltrimethylammonium chloride can be more specifically represented by the general formula VIII:

[0111]

[0112] The galactomannan polymer derivative can be an amphoteric galactomannan polymer derivative having a net positive charge, and the amphoteric galactomannan polymer derivative is obtained when the cationic galactomannan polymer derivative further contains an anionic group.

[0113] The cationic non-guar gum galactomannan can have a mannose to galactose ratio greater than about 4:1, an M.Wt. of about 100,000 g / mol to about 500,000 g / mol, an M.Wt. of about 50,000 g / mol to about 400,000 g / mol, and a cationic charge density of about 1 meq / g to about 5 meq / g and about 2 meq / g to about 4 meq / g.

[0114] The personal care composition can comprise at least about 0.05% by weight of the composition of the galactomannan polymer derivative. The personal care composition can comprise from about 0.05% to about 2% by weight of the composition of the galactomannan polymer derivative.

[0115] Cationic starch polymer

[0116] Suitable cationic polymers can also be water-soluble cationically modified starch polymers. As used herein, the term "cationically modified starch" refers to starch to which a cationic group is added before the starch is degraded to have a smaller molecular weight, or to which a cationic group is added after the starch is modified to obtain the desired molecular weight. The definition of the term "cationically modified starch" also includes amphoterically modified starch. The term "amphoterically modified starch" refers to the hydrolysis product of starch to which a cationic group and an anionic group are added.

[0117] The personal care composition described herein can comprise from about 0.01% to about 10%, and / or from about 0.05% to about 5% by weight of the composition of the cationically modified starch polymer.

[0118] The cationically modified starch polymer disclosed herein has a percentage of bound nitrogen of about 0.5% to about 4%.

[0119] The cationically modified starch polymer can have a molecular weight of about 850,000 g / mol to about 15,000,000 g / mol, and / or about 900,000 g / mol to about 5,000,000 g / mol.

[0120] The cationically modified starch polymer may have a charge density of from about 0.2 meq / g to about 5 meq / g, and from about 0.2 meq / g to about 2 meq / g. The chemical modification to obtain such charge density may include adding amino and / or ammonium groups to the starch molecule. Non-limiting examples of such ammonium groups may include substituents such as hydroxypropyltrimethylammonium chloride, trimethylhydroxypropylammonium chloride, dimethylstearylhydroxypropylammonium chloride, and dimethyldodecylhydroxypropylammonium chloride. Additional details are described in Solarek, D.B., Cationic Starches in Modified Starches: Properties and Uses (edited by Wurzburg, O.B., CRC Press, Inc., Boca Raton, Fla. 1986, pp. 113-125, which is incorporated herein by reference). The cationic groups may be added to the starch before the starch is degraded to have a smaller molecular weight, or the cationic groups may be added thereto after such modification.

[0121] The cationically modified starch polymer may have a degree of substitution of cationic groups of from about 0.2 to about 2.5. As used herein, the “degree of substitution” of a cationically modified starch polymer is the average measure of the number of hydroxyl groups on each glucan unit derived from the substituent. Since each glucan unit has three hydroxyl groups that can be substituted, the maximum possible degree of substitution is 3. On a molar average basis, the degree of substitution is expressed as the number of moles of substituent per mole of glucan unit. The degree of substitution can be determined using proton nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy (“ 1 1H NMR”) methods well known in the art. Suitable 1 1H NMR techniques are described in “Observation on NMR Spectra of Starches in Dimethyl Sulfoxide, Iodine-Complexing, and Solvating in Water-Dimethyl Sulfoxide”, Qin-Ji Peng and Arthur S. Perlin, Carbohydrate Research, 160 (1987), 57-72; and “An Approach to the Structural Analysis of Oligosaccharides by NMR Spectroscopy”, J. Howard Bradbury and J. Grant Collins, Carbohydrate Research, 71, (1979), 15-25.

[0122] The starch source before chemical modification can be selected from a variety of sources, such as tubers, legumes, cereals, and grains. For example, the starch source can include corn starch, wheat starch, rice starch, waxy corn starch, oat starch, tapioca starch, waxy barley starch, waxy rice starch, glutenous rice starch, amylopectin, potato starch, cassava starch, oat starch, sago starch, sweet rice starch, or a mixture thereof. Suitable cationically modified starch polymers can be selected from degraded cationic corn starch, cationic cassava, cationic potato starch, and mixtures thereof. The cationically modified starch polymers are cationic corn starch and cationic cassava.

[0123] Before degradation to a smaller molecular weight or after modification to a smaller molecular weight, the starch can include one or more additional modifications. For example, these modifications can include crosslinking, stabilization reactions, phosphorylation, and hydrolysis. Stabilization reactions can include alkylation and esterification.

[0124] The cationically modified starch polymer can be included in the personal care composition in the form of hydrolyzed starch (e.g., acid, enzyme, or base degradation), oxidized starch (e.g., peroxide, peracid, hypochlorite, base, or any other oxidizing agent), physically / mechanically degraded starch (e.g., via thermal mechanical energy input in a processing device), or a combination thereof.

[0125] The starch can be readily soluble in water and can form a substantially translucent solution in water. The transparency of the composition is measured by ultraviolet / visible (“UV / VIS”) spectrophotometry, which uses a Gretag Macbeth colorimeter to determine the absorption or transmission of UV / VIS light by the sample. A light wavelength of 600 nm has been shown to be sufficient to characterize the transparency of the personal care composition.

[0126] Cationic copolymer of acrylamide monomer and cationic monomer

[0127] The personal care composition can include a cationic copolymer of acrylamide monomer and cationic monomer, wherein the copolymer has a charge density of about 1.0 meq / g to about 3.0 meq / g. The cationic copolymer can be a synthetic cationic copolymer of acrylamide monomer and cationic monomer.

[0128] Suitable cationic polymers can include:

[0129] (i) An acrylamide monomer having the following formula IX:

[0130]

[0131] where R 9 is H or C 1-4 alkyl; and R 10 and R 11 are independently selected from H, C1-4 alkyl, CH 2 OCH 3 、CH 2 OCH 2 CH(CH 3 ) 2 and phenyl, or together form a C 3-6 cycloalkyl; and

[0132] (ii) a cationic monomer conforming to formula X:

[0133]

[0134] where k = 1, each of v, v' and v'' is independently an integer from 1 to 6, w is zero or an integer from 1 to 10, and X - is an anion.

[0135] The cationic monomer may conform to formula X, where k = 1, v = 3, and w = 0, z = 1, and X - is Cl - , to form the following structure (formula XI):

[0136]

[0137] As can be understood, the above structure can be called a diquaternary ammonium salt.

[0138] The cationic monomer may conform to formula X, where v and v'' are each 3, v' = 1, w = 1, y = 1, and X - is Cl - , for forming the following structure of formula XII:

[0139]

[0140] The structure of formula XII can be called a triquaternary ammonium salt.

[0141] The acrylamide monomer can be acrylamide or methacrylamide.

[0142] The cationic copolymer can be AM:TRIQUAT, which is a copolymer of acrylamide and N-[2-[[[dimethyl[3-[(2-methyl-1-oxo-2-propenyl)amino]propyl]ammonio]acetyl]amino]ethyl]2-hydroxy-N,N,N',N',N'-pentamethyl-1,3-propanediammonium trichloride. AM:TRIQUAT is also known as polyquaternium 76 (PQ76). AM:TRIQUAT can have a charge density of 1.6 meq / g and an M.Wt. of 1,100,000 g / mol.

[0143] The cationic copolymer may comprise acrylamide monomers and cationic monomers, where the cationic monomers are selected from: dimethylaminoethyl (meth)acrylate, dimethylaminopropyl (meth)acrylate, di-tert-butylaminoethyl (meth)acrylate, dimethylaminomethyl (meth)acrylamide, dimethylaminopropyl (meth)acrylamide; ethylenimine, ethylenamine, 2-vinylpyridine, 4-vinylpyridine; ethyl trimethylammonium chloride (meth)acrylate, ethyl trimethylammonium methyl sulfate (meth)acrylate, ethyl dimethylbenzylammonium chloride (meth)acrylate, ethyl 4-benzoylbenzyl dimethylammonium chloride acrylate, trimethylammonium chloride ethyl (meth)acrylamide, trimethylammonium chloride propyl (meth)acrylamide, vinylbenzyltrimethylammonium chloride, diallyldimethylammonium chloride, and mixtures thereof.

[0144] The cationic copolymer may comprise cationic monomers selected from: trimethylammonium chloride (meth)acryloyloxyethyl, trimethylammonium methyl sulfate (meth)acryloyloxyethyl, dimethylbenzylammonium chloride (meth)acryloyloxyethyl, 4-benzoylbenzyl dimethylammonium chloride acryloyloxyethyl, trimethylammonium chloride (meth)acrylamide-ethyl, trimethylammonium chloride (meth)acrylamide-propyl, vinylbenzyltrimethylammonium chloride, and mixtures thereof.

[0145] The cationic copolymer may be formed from: (1) a copolymer of (meth)acrylamide and a cationic monomer based on (meth)acrylamide and / or a hydrolysis-stable cationic monomer, (2) a terpolymer of (meth)acrylamide, a cationic (meth)acrylate-based monomer, a monomer based on (meth)acrylamide and / or a hydrolysis-stable cationic monomer. The cationic (meth)acrylate-based monomer may be a cationized ester of (meth)acrylic acid containing a quaternized N atom. The cationized ester of (meth)acrylic acid containing a quaternized N atom may be a quaternized dialkylaminoalkyl (meth)acrylate having C 1 to C 3 in the alkyl and alkylene groups. The cationized ester of (meth)acrylic acid containing a quaternized N atom may be selected from: the ammonium salt of dimethylaminoethyl (meth)acrylate quaternized with chloromethane, the ammonium salt of dimethylaminoethyl (meth)acrylate, the ammonium salt of dimethylaminopropyl (meth)acrylate, the ammonium salt of diethylaminoethyl (meth)acrylate, the ammonium salt of diethylaminoethyl (meth)acrylate; and the ammonium salt of diethylaminopropyl (meth)acrylate. The cationized ester of (meth)acrylic acid containing a quaternized N atom may be dimethylaminoethyl acrylate quaternized with a haloalkane or with chloromethane or benzyl chloride or dimethyl sulfate (ADAME-Quat). When based on (meth)acrylamide, the cationic monomer has C 1 to C 3Quaternized dialkylaminoalkyl (meth)acrylamide or dimethylaminopropyl acrylamide, where the dimethylaminopropyl acrylamide is quaternized with an alkyl halide or methyl chloride or benzyl chloride or dimethyl sulfate.

[0146] The cationic monomer based on (meth)acrylamide can have C in the alkyl and alkylene groups 1 to C 3 Quaternized dialkylaminoalkyl (meth)acrylamide. The cationic monomer based on (meth)acrylamide can be dimethylaminopropyl acrylamide, which is quaternized with an alkyl halide (especially methyl chloride) or benzyl chloride or dimethyl sulfate.

[0147] The cationic monomer can be a hydrolysis-stable cationic monomer. In addition to dialkylaminoalkyl (meth)acrylamide, the hydrolysis-stable cationic monomer can also be any monomer that can be considered stable by the OECD hydrolysis test. The cationic monomer can be hydrolysis-stable, and the hydrolysis-stable cationic monomer can be selected from: diallyldimethylammonium chloride and water-soluble cationic styrene derivatives.

[0148] The cationic copolymer can be a terpolymer of acrylamide, 2-dimethylammonioethyl (meth)acrylate (ADAME-Q) quaternized with methyl chloride, and 3-dimethylammoniopropyl (meth)acrylamide (DIMAPA-Q) quaternized with methyl chloride. The cationic copolymer can be formed from acrylamide and acrylamidopropyltrimethylammonium chloride, where the acrylamidopropyltrimethylammonium chloride has a charge density of about 1.0 meq / g to about 3.0 meq / g.

[0149] The cationic copolymer can have a charge density of about 1.1 meq / g to about 2.5 meq / g, about 1.1 meq / g to about 2.3 meq / g, about 1.2 meq / g to about 2.2 meq / g, about 1.2 meq / g to about 2.1 meq / g, about 1.3 meq / g to about 2.0 meq / g, and about 1.3 meq / g to about 1.9 meq / g.

[0150] The cationic copolymer can have an M.Wt. of about 100,000 g / mol to about 2,000,000 g / mol, about 300,000 g / mol to about 1,800,000 g / mol, about 500,000 g / mol to about 1,600,000 g / mol, about 700,000 g / mol to about 1,400,000 g / mol, and about 900,000 g / mol to about 1,200,000 g / mol.

[0151] The cationic copolymer can be trimethylammonium propyl methacrylamide chloride - N - acrylamide copolymer, which is also known as AM:MAPTAC. AM:MAPTAC can have a charge density of about 1.3 meq / g and an M.Wt. of about 1,100,000 g / mol. The cationic copolymer can be AM:ATPAC. AM:ATPAC can have a charge density of about 1.8 meq / g and an M.Wt. of about 1,100,000 g / mol.

[0152] Synthetic polymer

[0153] The cationic polymer can be a synthetic polymer formed from:

[0154] i) one or more cationic monomer units, and optionally

[0155] ii) one or more negatively charged monomer units, and / or

[0156] iii) non - ionic monomers,

[0157] wherein the subsequent charge of the copolymer is positive. The ratios of the three types of monomers are given as "m", "p", and "q", where "m" is the number of cationic monomers, "p" is the number of negatively charged monomers, and "q" is the number of non - ionic monomers

[0158] The cationic polymer can be a water - soluble or water - dispersible, non - crosslinked and synthetic cationic polymer having a structure of Formula XIII:

[0159]

[0160] wherein A can be one or more of the following cationic moieties:

[0161]

[0162] where @ = amide group, alkylamide group, ester, ether, alkyl, or alkylaryl;

[0163] where Y = C1 - C22 alkyl, alkoxy, alkylidene, alkyl, or aryloxy;

[0164] where ψ = C1 - C22 alkyl, alkoxy, alkylaryl, or alkylaryloxy;.

[0165] where Z = C1 - C22 alkyl, alkoxy, aryl, or aryloxy;

[0166] where R1 = H, C1 - C4 straight - chain or branched - chain alkyl;

[0167] where s = 0 or 1, n = 0 or ≥1;

[0168] wherein T and R7 = C1-C22 alkyl; and

[0169] wherein X− = halogen, hydroxide, alkanolate, sulfate or alkyl sulfate.

[0170] wherein the negatively charged monomer is defined as: R2' = H, C 1 to C 4 linear or branched alkyl, and R3 is:

[0171]

[0172] wherein D = O, N, or S;

[0173] wherein Q = NH 2 or O;

[0174] wherein u = 1 to 6;

[0175] wherein t = 0 to 1; and

[0176] wherein J = an oxidation functional group containing the elements P, S, C.

[0177] wherein the nonionic monomer is defined as: R2” = H, C 1 to C 4 linear or branched alkyl, R6 = linear or branched alkyl, alkylaryl, aryloxy, alkoxy, alkylaryloxy, and β is defined as

[0178]

[0179] wherein G' and G” are independently of each other O, S or N-H, and L = 0 or 1.

[0180] Suitable monomers may include (meth)acrylic aminoalkyl esters, (meth)aminoalkyl (meth)acrylamides; monomers containing at least one secondary, tertiary or quaternary ammonium functional group, or a heterocyclic group containing a nitrogen atom, vinylamine or vinylimine; diallyldialkylammonium salts; mixtures thereof, their salts and macromonomers derived therefrom.

[0181] Additional examples of suitable cationic monomers may include dimethylaminoethyl (meth)acrylate, dimethylaminopropyl (meth)acrylate, di-tert-butylaminoethyl (meth)acrylate, dimethylaminomethyl (meth)acrylamide, dimethylaminopropyl (meth)acrylamide, ethylenimine, ethenamine, 2-vinylpyridine, 4-vinylpyridine, (meth)acryloyloxyethyltrimethylammonium chloride, (meth)acryloyloxyethyltrimethylmethylsulfate ammonium, (meth)acryloyloxyethylbenzyldimethylammonium chloride, 4-benzoylbenzylacryloyloxyethyldimethylammonium chloride, (meth)acrylamidoethyltrimethylammonium chloride, (meth)acrylamidopropyltrimethylammonium chloride, vinylbenzyltrimethylammonium chloride, diallyldimethylammonium chloride.

[0182] Suitable cationic monomers may include quaternary ammonium monomers of the formula -NR 3 + , where each R may be the same or different and may be a hydrogen atom, an alkyl group containing 1 to 10 carbon atoms, or a benzyl group which is optionally substituted with a hydroxyl group and contains an anion (counterion). Examples of suitable anions include halide ions (such as chloride, bromide), sulfate, bisulfate, alkyl sulfate (e.g., containing 1 to 6 carbon atoms), phosphate, citrate, formate, and acetate.

[0183] Suitable cationic monomers may also include (meth)acryloyloxyethyltrimethylammonium chloride, (meth)acryloyloxyethyltrimethylmethylsulfate ammonium, (meth)acryloyloxyethylbenzyldimethylammonium chloride, 4-benzoylbenzylacryloyloxyethyldimethylammonium chloride, (meth)acrylamidoethyltrimethylammonium chloride, (meth)acrylamidopropyltrimethylammonium chloride, vinylbenzyltrimethylammonium chloride. Additional suitable cationic monomers may include (meth)acrylamidopropyltrimethylammonium chloride.

[0184] Examples of monomers with a negative charge include α-ethylenically unsaturated monomers containing a phosphate or phosphonate group, α-ethylenically unsaturated monocarboxylic acids, monoalkyl esters of α-ethylenically unsaturated dicarboxylic acids, monoalkylamides of α-ethylenically unsaturated dicarboxylic acids, α-ethylenically unsaturated compounds containing a sulfonic acid group, and salts of α-ethylenically unsaturated compounds containing a sulfonic acid group.

[0185] Suitable monomers having a negative charge may include acrylic acid, methacrylic acid, vinylsulfonic acid, salts of vinylsulfonic acid, vinylbenzenesulfonic acid, salts of vinylbenzenesulfonic acid, α - acrylamidomethylpropanesulfonic acid, salts of α - acrylamidomethylpropanesulfonic acid, 2 - sulfoethyl methacrylate, salts of 2 - sulfoethyl methacrylate, acrylamido - 2 - methylpropanesulfonic acid (AMPS), salts of acrylamido - 2 - methylpropanesulfonic acid, and styrenesulfonate (SS).

[0186] Examples of non - ionic monomers may include vinyl acetate, amides of α - ethylenically unsaturated carboxylic acids, esters of α - ethylenically unsaturated monocarboxylic acids having a hydrogenated or fluorinated alcohol, poly(ethylene oxide)(meth)acrylates (i.e., polyethoxylated (meth)acrylic acid), monoalkyl esters of α - ethylenically unsaturated dicarboxylic acids, monoalkylamides of α - ethylenically unsaturated dicarboxylic acids, vinyl nitriles, vinylamine amides, vinyl alcohol, vinyl pyrrolidone, and vinyl aromatic compounds.

[0187] Suitable non - ionic monomers may also include styrene, acrylamide, methacrylamide, acrylonitrile, methyl acrylate, ethyl acrylate, n - propyl acrylate, n - butyl acrylate, methyl methacrylate, ethyl methacrylate, n - propyl methacrylate, n - butyl methacrylate, 2 - ethyl - hexyl acrylate, 2 - ethyl - hexyl methacrylate, 2 - hydroxyethyl acrylate, and 2 - hydroxyethyl methacrylate.

[0188] The anionic counterion (X - ) associated with the synthetic cationic polymer can be any known counterion provided that the polymer remains dissolved or dispersed in water, in a personal care composition, or in the coacervate phase of a personal care composition, and provided that the counterion is physically and chemically compatible with the essential components of the personal care composition or does not otherwise unduly impair the performance, stability, or aesthetics of the product. Non - limiting examples of suitable counterions may include halide ions (e.g., chlorine, fluorine, bromine, iodine), sulfate, and methyl sulfate.

[0189] The cationic polymers described herein can also help to repair damaged hair, especially chemically treated hair, by providing an alternative to the hydrophobic F-layer. The extremely thin F-layer helps to seal in moisture and prevent further damage while providing natural weather resistance. Chemical treatments damage the hair cuticle and strip away its protective F-layer. When the F-layer is stripped away, the hair becomes increasingly hydrophilic. It has been found that when a lyotropic liquid crystal is applied to chemically treated hair, the hair becomes more hydrophobic and more like natural hair both in appearance and feel. Without being bound by any theory, it is believed that the lyotropic liquid crystal complex forms a hydrophobic layer or film that covers the hair fiber and protects the hair in the same way that the natural F-layer protects the hair. The hydrophobic layer can restore the hair to a substantially original, healthier state. The lyotropic liquid crystal is formed by mixing the synthetic cationic polymer described herein with the anionic detersive surfactant component of the aforementioned personal care composition. The synthetic cationic polymer has a relatively high charge density. It should be noted that some synthetic polymers with a relatively high cationic charge density do not form lyotropic liquid crystals, mainly due to their abnormal linear charge density. Such synthetic cationic polymers are described in PCT patent application WO 94 / 06403, the disclosure of which is incorporated herein by reference. The synthetic polymers described herein can be formulated in a stable personal care composition that provides improved conditioning performance for damaged hair.

[0190] The cationic synthetic polymers capable of forming lyotropic liquid crystals have a cationic charge density of from about 2 meq / gm to about 7 meq / gm, and / or from about 3 meq / gm to about 7 meq / gm, and / or from about 4 meq / gm to about 7 meq / gm. The cationic charge density is about 6.2 meq / gm. The polymer also has an M.Wt. of from about 1,000 to about 5,000,000, and / or from about 10,000 to about 2,000,000, and / or from about 100,000 to about 2,000,000.

[0191] The cationic synthetic polymers that provide enhanced conditioning and beneficial agent deposition without forming lyotropic liquid crystals can have a cationic charge density of from about 0.7 meq / gm to about 7 meq / gm, and / or from about 0.8 meq / gm to about 5 meq / gm and / or from about 1.0 meq / gm to about 3 meq / gm. The polymer also has an M.Wt. of from about 1,000 g / mol to about 5,000,000 g / mol, from about 10,000 g / mol to about 2,000,000 g / mol and from about 100,000 g / mol to about 2,000,000 g / mol.

[0192] Cationic cellulose polymer

[0193] Suitable cationic polymers can be cellulose polymers. Suitable cellulose polymers can include salts obtained by reacting hydroxyethyl cellulose with trimethylammonium-substituted epoxides, which salts are known industrially (CTFA) as Polyquaternium 10 and are available from Dwo / Amerchol Corp. (Edison, N.J., USA) in its Polymer LR, JR, and KG polymer series. Other suitable types of cationic celluloses can include polymeric quaternary ammonium salts obtained by reacting hydroxyethyl cellulose with lauryldimethylammonium-substituted epoxides, which polymeric quaternary ammonium salts are known industrially (CTFA) as Polyquaternium 24. These materials are available from Dow / Amerchol Corp. under the trade name Polymer LM-200. Other suitable types of cationic celluloses can include polymeric quaternary ammonium salts obtained by reacting hydroxyethyl cellulose with lauryldimethylammonium-substituted epoxides and trimethylammonium-substituted epoxides, which polymeric quaternary ammonium salts are known industrially (CTFA) as Polyquaternium 67. These materials are available from Dow / Amerchol Corp. under the trade names SoftCAT Polymer SL-5, SoftCAT Polymer SL-30, Polymer SL-60, Polymer SL-100, Polymer SK-L, Polymer SK-M, Polymer SK-MH, and Polymer SK-H.

[0194] Additional cationic polymers are also described in the CTFA Cosmetic Ingredient Dictionary, 3rd Edition, edited by Estrin, Crosley, and Haynes, (The Cosmetic, Toiletry, and Fragrance Association, Inc., Washington, D.C. (1982)), which is incorporated herein by reference.

[0195] Techniques for analyzing complex coacervate formation are known in the art. For example, at any selected dilution stage, microscopic analysis of the composition can be used to determine whether a coacervate phase has formed. Such coacervate phases can be identified as additional emulsion phases in the composition. The use of dyes can help distinguish the coacervate phase from other insoluble phases dispersed in the composition. Additional details regarding the use of cationic polymers and coacervates are disclosed in U.S. Patent No. 9,272,164, which is incorporated by reference.

[0196] c. Liquid Carrier

[0197] It is understood that the personal care composition may desirably be in the form of a pourable liquid under ambient conditions. The inclusion of a suitable amount of liquid carrier can facilitate the formation of a personal care composition having appropriate viscosity and rheology. The personal care composition may comprise from about 20% to about 95% by weight of the composition of a liquid carrier and from about 60% to about 85% by weight of the composition of a liquid carrier. The liquid carrier may be an aqueous carrier such as water.

[0198] d. Optional Components

[0199] As can be understood, the personal care compositions described herein may comprise a variety of optional components to adjust the properties and characteristics of the composition. As can be understood, suitable optional components are well known and generally may include any component that is physically and chemically compatible with the essential components of the personal care compositions described herein. The optional components should not otherwise unduly impair the stability, aesthetics or performance of the product. The individual concentration of the optional components may generally be in the range of from about 0.001% to about 10% by weight of the personal care composition. The optional components may be further limited to those that do not impair the clarity of a translucent personal care composition.

[0200] Suitable optional components that may be included in the personal care composition may include co-surfactants, deposition aids, conditioning agents (including hydrocarbon oils, fatty acid esters, silicones), antidandruff agents, suspending agents, viscosity modifiers, dyes, non-volatile solvents or diluents (water-soluble and water-insoluble), pearlescent aids, foam boosters, pediculicides, pH adjusters, fragrances, preservatives, chelating agents, proteins, skin actives, sunscreens, ultraviolet absorbers and vitamins. The Tenth Edition of the CTFA Cosmetic Ingredient Handbook (published by the Cosmetic, Toiletry and Fragrance Association, Inc., Washington) (2004) (hereinafter referred to as "CTFA") describes a variety of non-limiting materials that may be incorporated into the compositions herein.

[0201] e. Conditioner

[0202] Personal care compositions can include silicone conditioners. Suitable silicone conditioners can include volatile silicones, non-volatile silicones, or combinations thereof. If a silicone conditioner is included, the silicone conditioner can be included at about 0.01% to about 10%, about 0.1% to about 8%, about 0.1% to about 5%, and / or about 0.2% to about 3% by weight of the composition. Examples of suitable silicone conditioners and optional suspending agents for silicones are described in U.S. Reissue Patent No. 34,584, U.S. Patent No. 5,104,646, and U.S. Patent No. 5,106,609, each of which is incorporated herein by reference. Suitable silicone conditioners can have a viscosity of about 20 centistokes ("cSt") to about 2,000,000 cSt, about 1,000 cSt to about 1,800,000 cSt, about 50,000 cSt to about 1,500,000 cSt, and about 100,000 cSt to about 1,500,000 cSt as measured at 25°C.

[0203] Dispersed silicone conditioner particles can have a volume average particle size in the range of about 0.01 microns to about 50 microns. For small particles applied to hair, the volume average particle size can be in the range of about 0.01 microns to about 4 microns, about 0.01 microns to about 2 microns, about 0.01 microns to about 0.5 microns. For larger particles applied to hair, the volume average particle size is typically in the range of about 5 microns to about 125 microns, about 10 microns to about 90 microns, about 15 microns to about 70 microns, and / or about 20 microns to about 50 microns.

[0204] Additional material on silicones, including chapters discussing silicone fluids, silicone rubber gums, and silicone resins, as well as silicone preparation, can be found in "Encyclopedia of Polymer Science and Engineering", Volume 15, 2nd Edition, pages 204 - 308, John Wiley & Sons, Inc. (1989), which is incorporated herein by reference.

[0205] Silicone emulsions suitable for the personal care compositions described herein may include insoluble polysiloxane emulsions prepared according to the descriptions provided in U.S. Patent No. 4,476,282 and U.S. Patent Application Publication No. 2007 / 0276087, each of which is incorporated herein by reference. Suitable insoluble polysiloxanes include polysiloxanes having a molecular weight in the range of from about 50,000 g / mol to about 500,000 g / mol, such as α,ω-hydroxy terminated polysiloxanes or α,ω-alkoxy terminated polysiloxanes. The insoluble polysiloxane may have an average molecular weight in the range of from about 50,000 to about 500,000 g / mol. For example, the insoluble polysiloxane may have an average molecular weight in the range of from about 60,000 to about 400,000; from about 75,000 to about 300,000; from about 100,000 to about 200,000; or the average molecular weight may be about 150,000 g / mol. The insoluble polysiloxane may have an average particle size in the range of from about 30 nm to about 10 microns. The average particle size may be in the range of, for example, from about 40 nm to about 5 microns, from about 50 nm to about 1 micron, from about 75 nm to about 500 nm, or about 100 nm.

[0206] Other types of silicones suitable for the personal care compositions described herein may include: i) silicone fluids that include silicone oils and are flowable materials having a viscosity measured at 25°C of less than about 1,000,000 csk; ii) aminosilicones that contain at least one primary, secondary, or tertiary amine; iii) cationic silicones that contain at least one quaternary ammonium functional group; iv) silicone rubber gums that include materials having a viscosity measured at 25°C of greater than or equal to 1,000,000 csk; v) silicone resins that include highly crosslinked polymeric silicone systems; vi) high refractive index silicones that have a refractive index of at least 1.46, and vii) mixtures thereof.

[0207] Alternatively, the personal care composition may be substantially free of silicone. As used herein, substantially free of siloxane means from about 0 wt% to about 0.2 wt%.

[0208] Organic conditioning material

[0209] The conditioning agents in the personal care compositions described herein may also include at least one organic conditioning material (such as an oil or a wax), either alone or in combination with other conditioning agents (such as the siloxanes described above). The organic material may be non-polymeric, oligomeric or polymeric. The organic material may be in the form of an oil or a wax and may be added as a personal care neat formulation or in a pre-emulsified form. Suitable examples of organic conditioning materials may include: i) hydrocarbon oils; ii) polyolefins; iii) fatty esters; iv) fluorinated conditioning compounds; v) fatty alcohols; vi) alkyl glucosides and alkyl glucoside derivatives; vii) quaternary ammonium compounds; viii) polyethylene glycols and polypropylene glycols having a molecular weight of up to about 2,000,000, including those having the CTFA names PEG-200, PEG-400, PEG-600, PEG-1000, PEG-2M, PEG-7M, PEG-14M, PEG-45M, and mixtures thereof.

[0210] f. Emulsifier

[0211] A variety of anionic and nonionic emulsifiers may be used in the personal care compositions. The anionic and nonionic emulsifiers may be monomeric or polymeric in nature. For example, monomeric examples include, but are not limited to, alkyl ethoxylates, alkyl sulfates, soaps and fatty acid esters, and their derivatives. For example, polymeric examples include, but are not limited to, polyacrylates, polyethylene glycols and block copolymers, and their derivatives. Naturally occurring emulsifiers such as lanolin, lecithin and lignin and their derivatives are also non-limiting examples of available emulsifiers.

[0212] g. Chelating Agent

[0213] The personal care composition may also comprise a chelating agent. Suitable chelating agents include those listed in Critical Stability Constants, Volume 1 by A E Martell & R M Smith (Plenum Press, New York & London (1974)) and Metal Complexes in Aqueous Solution by A E Martell & R D Hancock (Plenum Press, New York & London (1996)), both of which are incorporated herein by reference. When referring to chelating agents, the term "their salts and derivatives" means salts and derivatives having the same functional structure as the chelating agent they relate to (e.g., the same chemical backbone) and having similar or better chelating properties. The term includes alkali metal salts, alkaline earth metal salts, ammonium salts, substituted ammonium (i.e., monoethanolamine, diethanolamine, triethanolammonium) salts, esters, and mixtures thereof of chelating agents having an acidic moiety, especially all sodium salts, potassium salts, or ammonium salts. The term "derivatives" also includes "chelating surfactant" compounds such as those exemplified in U.S. Patent No. 5,284,972, and macromolecules containing one or more chelating groups having the same functional structure as the parent chelating agent such as the polymer EDDS (ethylenediaminedisuccinic acid) disclosed in U.S. Patent No. 5,747,440. U.S. Patent No. 5,284,972 and U.S. Patent No. 5,747,440 are each incorporated herein by reference. Suitable chelating agents may also include histidine.

[0214] The content of the EDDS chelating agent or the histidine chelating agent in the personal care composition can be very low. For example, it may comprise about 0.01% by weight of the EDDS chelating agent or the histidine chelating agent. In cases above about 10% by weight, formulation and / or human safety issues may arise. The content of the EDDS chelating agent or the histidine chelating agent may be at least about 0.01% by weight, at least about 0.05% by weight, at least about 0.1% by weight, at least about 0.25% by weight, at least about 0.5% by weight, at least about 1% by weight, or at least about 2% by weight of the personal care composition.

[0215] h. Gel Network

[0216] The personal care composition may also comprise a fatty alcohol gel network. The gel network is formed by mixing a fatty alcohol with a surfactant in a ratio of from about 1:1 to about 40:1, from about 2:1 to about 20:1, and / or from about 3:1 to about 10:1. The formation of the gel network involves heating a dispersion of the fatty alcohol in water and the surfactant to a temperature above the melting point of the fatty alcohol. During the mixing process, the fatty alcohol melts, allowing the surfactant to partition into droplets of the fatty alcohol. The surfactant carries water with it into the fatty alcohol. This converts the isotropic fatty alcohol droplets into liquid crystal phase droplets. When the mixture is cooled below the chain melting temperature, the liquid crystal phase transforms into a solid crystalline gel network. The gel network can provide many beneficial effects to the personal care composition. For example, the gel network can provide stabilizing beneficial effects to cosmetic creams and hair conditioners. In addition, the gel network can provide conditioning beneficial effects to hair conditioners and personal care agents.

[0217] The fatty alcohol may be included in the gel network in an amount of from about 0.05 wt% to about 14 wt% by weight. For example, the fatty alcohol may be included in an amount ranging from about 1 wt% to about 10 wt%, and / or from about 6 wt% to about 8 wt%.

[0218] Suitable fatty alcohols include those having from about 10 to about 40 carbon atoms, from about 12 to about 22 carbon atoms, from about 16 to about 22 carbon atoms, and / or from about 16 to about 18 carbon atoms. These fatty alcohols may be straight-chain or branched-chain alcohols and may be saturated or unsaturated. Non-limiting examples of fatty alcohols include cetyl alcohol, stearyl alcohol, behenyl alcohol, and mixtures thereof. A mixture of cetyl alcohol and stearyl alcohol in a ratio of from about 20:80 to about 80:20 is suitable.

[0219] The gel network can be prepared by adding water to a container. The water can then be heated to about 74 °C. Then cetyl alcohol, stearyl alcohol, and the surfactant can be added to the heated water. After addition, the resulting mixture can be passed through a heat exchanger, where the mixture is cooled to about 35 °C. After cooling, crystallization of the fatty alcohol and the surfactant forms a crystalline gel network. Table 1 provides the components of an exemplary gel network composition and their corresponding amounts.

[0220] To prepare the gel network premix of Table 1, water is heated to about 74 °C, and the fatty alcohol and the gel network surfactant are added thereto in the amounts shown in Table 1. After incorporation, the mixture is passed through a mill and a heat exchanger, where it is cooled to about 32 °C. As a result of this cooling step, the fatty alcohol, the gel network surfactant, and water form a crystalline gel network.

[0221] Gel network premix Examples 1 - 4

[0222] Table 1 includes examples of gel network premixes before combination with a detersive surfactant and other components of a final personal care composition. Each of the following gel network premix examples is expected to be incorporated as a discrete phase into a personal care composition. A broader selection of suitable gel network premixes can be found in US8361448B2.

[0223] Table 1

[0224]

[0225] (1) Purchased from Sigma Aldrich

[0226] (2) Purchased from Clariant Int.Ltd.

[0227] 1 For anionic gel networks, the above suitable gel network surfactants include surfactants having a net negative charge, including sulfonates, carboxylates, phosphates, etc., and mixtures thereof.

[0228] For cationic gel networks, the above suitable gel network surfactants include surfactants having a net positive charge, including quaternary ammonium surfactants and mixtures thereof.

[0229] For zwitterionic or amphoteric gel networks, the above suitable gel network surfactants include surfactants having both a positive and a negative charge at the pH of product use, including betaines, amine oxides, sulfobetaines, amino acids, etc., and mixtures thereof.

[0230] Beneficial Agent

[0231] The personal care composition may also contain one or more beneficial agents. Exemplary beneficial agents include, but are not limited to, particles, colorants, fragrance microcapsules, gel networks, and other insoluble skin or hair conditioners such as skin silicones, natural oils such as sunflower oil or castor oil. The beneficial agent may be selected from: particles; colorants; fragrance microcapsules; gel networks; other insoluble skin or hair conditioners such as skin silicones, natural oils such as sunflower oil or castor oil; and mixtures thereof.

[0232] i. Suspending Agent

[0233] Personal care compositions can contain a suspending agent at a concentration that effectively suspends water-insoluble materials in a dispersed form in the composition or effectively modulates the viscosity of the composition. Such concentrations are in the range of from about 0.05% to about 10% and from about 0.3% to about 5.0% by weight of the composition. However, it is understood that when certain glyceride crystals are included, a suspending agent may not be required because certain glyceride crystals can serve as suitable suspending agents or structuring agents.

[0234] Suitable suspending agents can include anionic polymers and nonionic polymers. Vinyl polymers such as crosslinked acrylic polymers with the CTFA name Carbomer can be used herein; cellulose derivatives and modified cellulose polymers such as methylcellulose, ethylcellulose, hydroxyethylcellulose, hydroxypropylmethylcellulose, nitrocellulose, sodium cellulose sulfate, sodium carboxymethylcellulose, crystalline cellulose, powdered cellulose, polyvinylpyrrolidone, polyvinyl alcohol, guar gum, hydroxypropyl guar gum, xanthan gum, gum arabic, tragacanth gum, galactan, carob gum, guar gum, karaya gum, carrageenan, pectin, agar, quince seed (Cydonia oblonga Mill), starch (rice, corn, potato, wheat), alginate gum (algal extract); microbial polymers such as dextran, succinoglycan, pullulan; starch-based polymers such as carboxymethyl starch, methylhydroxypropyl starch; alginic acid-based polymers such as sodium alginate, propylene glycol alginate; acrylate polymers such as sodium polyacrylate, ethyl polyacrylate, polyacrylamide, polyethyleneimine; and inorganic water-soluble materials such as bentonite, magnesium aluminum silicate salts, synthetic hectorite, lithium montmorillonite, and anhydrous silicic acid.

[0235] Other suitable suspending agents can include crystalline suspending agents, which can be classified as acyl derivatives, long-chain amine oxides, and mixtures thereof. Examples of such suspending agents are described in U.S. Patent 4,741,855, which is incorporated herein by reference. Suitable suspending agents include ethylene glycol esters of fatty acids having 16 to 22 carbon atoms. The suspending agent can be ethylene glycol stearate (monostearate and distearate), but especially the distearate containing less than about 7% of the monostearate. Other suitable suspending agents include alkanolamides of fatty acids having about 16 to about 22 carbon atoms, alternatively about 16 to about 18 carbon atoms, suitable examples of which include stearoyl monoethanolamide, stearoyl diethanolamide, stearoyl monoisopropanolamide, and stearoyl monoethanolamide stearate. Other long-chain acyl derivatives include long-chain esters of long-chain fatty acids (such as octadecyl stearate, cetyl palmitate, etc.); long-chain esters of long-chain alkanolamides (such as stearamide diethanolamide distearate, stearamide monoethanolamide stearate); and glycerol esters as described above. Long-chain acyl derivatives, ethylene glycol esters of long-chain carboxylic acids, long-chain amine oxides, and alkanolamides of long-chain carboxylic acids can also be used as suspending agents.

[0236] Other long-chain acyl derivatives suitable for use as suspending agents include N,N-dialkylamidobenzoic acids and their water-soluble salts (such as Na, K), especially N,N-di(hydrogenated)C in this class 16 , C 18 and tallowamidobenzoic acids, which are commercially available from Stepan Company (Northfield, Ill., USA).

[0237] Examples of suitable long-chain amine oxides used as suspending agents include alkyldimethylamine oxides, such as stearyldimethylamine oxide.

[0238] Other suitable suspending agents include primary amines having a fatty alkyl moiety containing at least about 16 carbon atoms (examples of which include palmitylamine or octadecylamine) and secondary amines having two fatty alkyl moieties each containing at least about 12 carbon atoms (examples of which include dipalmitoyl amine or di(hydrogenated tallow)amine). Other suitable suspending agents include di(hydrogenated tallow)phthalic amide and crosslinked maleic anhydride-methyl vinyl ether copolymer.

[0239] Other suitable suspending agents include crystallizable glycerides. For example, suitable glycerides are hydrogenated castor oils such as glyceryl trihydroxystearate or glyceryl dihydroxystearate. Examples of additional crystallizable glycerides can include triglycerides of substantially pure 12-hydroxy stearic acid. 12-hydroxy stearic acid is the triglyceride of fully hydrogenated 12-hydroxy-9-cis-octadecenoic acid in pure form. It is understood that many additional glycerides are possible. For example, variations in the hydrogenation process and natural variations in castor oil can enable the production of additional suitable glycerides from castor oil.

[0240] j. Viscosity Modifier

[0241] Viscosity modifiers can be used to alter the rheological properties of personal care compositions. Suitable viscosity modifiers can include Carbomer, sold under the trade names Carbopol 934, Carbopol 940, Carbopol 950, Carbopol 980, and Carbopol 981, all available from B.F. Goodrich Company; acrylate / stearyl polyoxyethylene ether-20 methacrylate copolymer, sold under the trade name ACRYSOL 22, available from Rohm and Haas; nonyloxy hydroxyethyl cellulose, sold under the trade name AMERCELL POLYMER HM-1500, available from Amerchol; methylcellulose sold under the trade name BENECEL, hydroxyethyl cellulose sold under the trade name NATROSOL, hydroxypropyl cellulose sold under the trade name KLUCEL, cetyl hydroxyethyl cellulose sold under the trade name POLYSURF 67, all supplied by Hercules; polymers based on ethylene oxide and / or propylene oxide, sold under the trade names CARBOWAX PEG, POLYOX WASR, and UCON FLUIDS, all supplied by Amerchol. Sodium chloride can also be used as a viscosity modifier. Other suitable rheology modifiers can include crosslinked acrylates, crosslinked maleic anhydride co-methyl vinyl ether, hydrophobically modified associative polymers, and mixtures thereof.

[0242] At 26.6 °C and 2 s -1 using a Brookfield R / S Plus rheometer, the personal care composition can have a viscosity of from about 1 cP to about 20,000 cP, or from about 100 cps to about 15,000 cps, or from 2,500 cP to about 12,000 cP, or from 1 cP to about 5000 cP, or from about 3,500 cP to about 8,500 cP. cP refers to centipoise. To suspend the microcapsules in the personal care composition, the personal care composition can have a yield stress. The yield stress can be determined using Herschel-Bulkley, using 10 -2 to 10-4 measured at a shear rate range of s-1, where the yield stress is from about 0.01 Pa to about 20 Pa, alternatively from about 0.01 Pa to about 10 Pa, alternatively from about 0.01 Pa to about 5 Pa.

[0243] k. Additional Optional Components

[0244] As can be understood, the personal care composition may contain additional optional components. For example, it may contain amino acids. Suitable amino acids may include water-soluble vitamins such as vitamin B1, B2, B6, B12, C, pantothenic acid, pantethine, panthenol, biotin, and their derivatives; water-soluble amino acids such as asparagine, alanine, indole, glutamic acid, and their salts; water-insoluble vitamins such as vitamin A, D, E, and their derivatives; water-insoluble amino acids such as tyrosine, tryptamine, and their salts.

[0245] It may contain an anti-dandruff agent. It can be understood that the formation of the coacervate layer can promote the deposition of the anti-dandruff agent onto the scalp.

[0246] The personal care composition may optionally contain pigment materials such as inorganic pigments, nitroso pigments, monoazo pigments, diazo pigments, carotenoid pigments, triphenylmethane pigments, triarylmethane pigments, xanthene pigments, quinoline pigments, oxazine pigments, azine pigments, anthraquinone pigments, indigo pigments, thioindigo pigments, quinacridone pigments, phthalocyanine pigments, vegetable pigments, natural pigments, including: water-soluble components such as those having a C.I. designation. The composition may also contain antimicrobial agents that can be used as cosmetic insecticides and anti-dandruff agents, including: water-soluble components such as octopirox ethanolamine, water-insoluble components such as 3,4,4'-trichlorocarbanilide (triclosan), triclocarban, and zinc pyrithione.

[0247] It may contain one or more stabilizers. For example, it may contain one or more of ethylene glycol distearate, citric acid, citrate, preservatives such as kathon, sodium benzoate, sodium salicylate, and ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (“EDTA”) to improve the shelf life of the personal care composition.

[0248] Test Methods

[0249] A. Visual Opacity Assessment

[0250] Procedure

[0251] · Generate a printed document using the Times New Roman font, where the number “3” is printed in a vertical column in font sizes from 4 to 14 in increments of 2.

[0252] · Fill the fluid to be evaluated into a cylindrical bottle made of transparent plastic polyethylene terephthalate. The diameter of the cylinder should be approximately 60 mm.

[0253] · Place the printed paper behind the filled bottle and position the printed number "3" near the center of the bottle in different font sizes such that "3" is observed through the entire bottle diameter.

[0254] · When observing through the fluid in the bottle, visually compare the printed "3" in different sizes. Hold the bottle at a comfortable distance from the eyes within the arm (e.g., 0.1 m to 0.5 m). Keep this distance similar when comparing among multiple samples.

[0255] · Visually determine the minimum font size of the printed "3" that can be clearly read. Slightly move the paper or the bottle to try to observe if any bubbles are acceptable.

[0256] · Font sizes 4, 6, 8, 10, 12, 14 are as follows

[0257] ·

[0258] · 3

[0259] · 3

[0260] · 3

[0261] · 3

[0262] · 3

[0263] · 3

[0264] Test results

[0265] Readable minimum font size

[0266] Test Acceptable Impact of Bubbles on Appearance Unacceptable Impact of Bubbles on Appearance 1 4 8 2 4 8 3 6 10 4 6 10

[0267] The image shows two samples side by side.

[0268]

[0269] The image shows a non-inflated product with "3" printed on the back.

[0270]

[0271] The image shows an inflated product with "3" printed on the back.

[0272]

[0273] B. Bubble Transmission Ratio L* Test of Impact

[0274] Instrument : Konica Minolta CM-3700A Spectrophotometer

[0275] Equipment / Container for Samples : Glass Cuvette 20mm CM-A99

[0276] Software : SpectraMagic TM NX Color Data Software

[0277] Procedure :

[0278] 1. Connect the instrument to the PC using a USB cable

[0279] 2. Connect the instrument to an AC outlet using an AC adapter

[0280] 3. Turn on the PC used to control the instrument

[0281] 4. Start the software and set it to control the instrument

[0282] 5. Turn on the instrument

[0283] 6. In the software, connect to the instrument

[0284] 7. Perform zero (0%) and white (100%) calibrations

[0285] 8. Fill the glass cuvette with the shampoo sample to be measured (fill up to the yellow limit line). 9. Position the filled cuvette in the instrument

[0286] 10. Perform L*(65)a*(65)b*(65) measurements six (6) times

[0287] 11. Record the average value and standard deviation value of the L*(65) measurement

[0288] 12. Turn off the instrument

[0289] 13. Exit the software and turn off the PC

[0290]

[0291] The dimensions and values disclosed herein should not be construed as being strictly limited to the exact numerical values recited. Instead, each such dimension is intended to represent the recited value and a functionally equivalent range around that value. For example, a dimension disclosed as "40 mm" is intended to represent "about 40 mm".

[0292] Each document cited herein, including any cross-referenced or related patent or patent application and any patent application or patent to which this application claims priority or its beneficial effects, is hereby incorporated by reference in its entirety unless expressly excluded or otherwise limited. The citation of any document is not an admission that it is prior art with respect to any invention disclosed in this application or claimed in the claims herein, or that it alone or in any combination with any one or more other references teaches, suggests, or discloses any such invention. Further, when any meaning or definition of a term in this invention conflicts with any meaning or definition of the same term in a document incorporated by reference, the meaning or definition assigned to the term in this invention shall govern.

[0293] Although specific embodiments of the invention have been illustrated and described, it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that various other changes and modifications can be made without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention. Accordingly, it is intended that all such changes and modifications that fall within the scope of the invention be covered by the appended claims.

Claims

1. A method for preparing a personal care composition, the method comprising the steps of: providing a mixer comprising a housing having a first fluid inlet, a second inlet, and a fluid outlet, the mixer further comprising a rotor rotatably connected to the housing, the rotor including vanes positioned within the housing to define cells between adjacent vanes and the housing; preparing a personal care base stock comprising a surfactant and water; preparing a microcapsule composition comprising microcapsules and air; propelling the personal care base stock along a flow path from the first fluid inlet toward the fluid outlet; transferring the microcapsule composition from the second inlet to the flow path by rotating the rotor; guiding air from inside the cells toward the second inlet; mixing the microcapsule composition with the personal care base stock to form the personal care composition; and propelling the personal care composition from the outlet.

2. The method according to claim 1, wherein the step of guiding air further comprises forcing air through holes in the vanes.

3. The method according to claim 2, wherein the holes extend straight through the rotor vanes in a direction perpendicular to the long axis of the rotor vanes.

4. The method according to claim 2, wherein the holes may be angled to direct air and liquid flow to one side of the rotor housing.

5. The method according to claim 1, wherein the step of guiding air further comprises forcing air through the gap between the vanes and the housing.

6. The method according to claim 1, wherein the hole shape is selected from circular, rectangular, oval, and combinations thereof.

7. The method according to claim 1, wherein the step of propelling the personal care composition base stock is accomplished at a rate of 1.5 L / min to 200 L / min.

8. The method according to claim 1, wherein the step of propelling the personal care composition base stock is accomplished at a rate of 50 L / min to 150 L / min.

9. The method according to claim 1, wherein the personal care composition is transferred to a filling line.

10. The method according to claim 1, wherein the personal care composition has an L* value of 0 to 40.

11. The method according to claim 1, wherein the personal care composition has an acceptable effect of bubbles on appearance.

12. The method according to claim 1, wherein the microcapsule shape is selected from circular, bead-shaped, layered or strip-shaped, sheet-shaped, spherical, hemispherical, hemispheroidal, flat-bottomed teardrop-shaped, oval, ribbon-shaped, and any combination thereof.

13. The method according to claim 1, wherein the personal care composition is transferred through a filling nozzle.

14. The method according to claim 13, wherein the filling nozzle comprises a fluid shut-off valve assembly having a fluid flow path defining a fluid flow direction, the assembly comprising: A fluid inlet orifice in fluid communication with a fluid source, the fluid inlet orifice allowing the fluid to flow from the fluid source into the fluid flow path of the valve assembly in the direction of fluid flow; A fluid outlet orifice in fluid communication with the fluid flow path of the valve assembly, and the fluid can flow out of the valve assembly through the fluid outlet orifice; And A fluid shut-off valve in fluid communication with the fluid inlet and the fluid outlet, the fluid shut-off valve having a fluid blocking portion and a fluid passage portion, the fluid shut-off valve being movable from a filling position to a closed position, in the filling position the fluid passage portion is aligned with the fluid flow path, in the closed position the fluid blocking portion is aligned with the fluid flow path, wherein the fluid shut-off valve is oriented such that it moves in a direction perpendicular to the fluid flow direction at the position where the fluid shut-off valve intercepts the fluid flow path; Wherein the fluid passage portion has an upper portion, a middle portion, and a lower portion.

15. The method according to claim 14, wherein the diameter of the fluid passage portion at the upper portion is greater than the diameter of the lower portion.

16. The method according to claim 14, wherein the diameter of the fluid passage portion at the upper portion is the same as the diameter at the lower portion.

17. The method according to claim 14, wherein the upper portion of the fluid passage has the same diameter as the fluid inlet.

18. The method according to claim 14, wherein the lower portion of the fluid passage has the same diameter as the fluid outlet.

19. The method according to claim 1, wherein the method does not use a storage tank.

20. The method according to claim 1, wherein the personal care composition comprises 0.05 wt% to 10 wt% of microcapsules.

21. The method according to claim 20, wherein the microcapsules are gellan gum films, and the gellan gum films comprise 30 parts to 40 parts of sodium alginate, 40 parts to 50 parts of gellan gum, 5 parts to 10 parts of polyvinyl alcohol, and 5 parts to 10 parts of sodium carboxymethyl cellulose.

22. The method according to claim 1, wherein the microcapsules comprise materials selected from menthol, peppermint oil, menthyl lactate, jojoba oil, vitamin E, dyes, discrete particles comprising anhydrous particles and an aqueous phase, fragrances, and combinations thereof.

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