Display device and method of compensating for images of a display panel using the same

Abstract

A display apparatus and a method of compensating an image of a display panel using the same are disclosed. The display apparatus includes a first compensator, a second compensator, and a display panel including a plurality of pixels. The first compensator generates a first compensation coefficient based on sensed data of a pixel of the plurality of pixels for a first gray value, generates a second compensation coefficient based on camera imaging data for a second gray value greater than the first gray value, and compensates image data based on the first compensation coefficient and the second compensation coefficient. The second compensator compensates the image data by modeling sensed data of an entire gray range based on sensed data of the pixel for a third gray value and a fourth gray value. The display panel displays an image based on the image data compensated by the first compensator and the second compensator.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] Embodiments of the present application relate to a display apparatus and a method of compensating for an image of a display panel using the same. More particularly, embodiments of the present application relate to a display apparatus improving compensation accuracy in a low gray scale range and a method of compensating for an image of a display panel using the same. BACKGROUND

[0002] Generally, a display apparatus includes a display panel and a display panel driver. The display panel includes a plurality of gate lines, a plurality of data lines, and a plurality of pixels. The display panel driver includes a gate driver and a data driver. The gate driver outputs gate signals to the gate lines, respectively, and the data driver outputs data voltages to the data lines, respectively.

[0003] The display apparatus can operate optical compensation including capturing an image of the display panel using a camera and compensating for a stain of the display panel based on the captured image.

[0004] In addition, the display apparatus can operate external compensation including receiving a sensing signal from a pixel and compensating for a deviation of a threshold voltage and a deviation of a mobility of a switching element of the pixel based on the sensing signal.

[0005] For the external compensation, the threshold voltage and the mobility can be obtained using a sensing value in a predetermined gray scale range, and the external compensation can be operated by modeling the threshold voltage and the mobility of the entire gray scale range based on the sensing value.

[0006] When the predetermined gray scale range is a low gray scale range, compensation accuracy in a high gray scale range can be reduced. When the predetermined gray scale range is a high gray scale range, compensation accuracy in a low gray scale range can be reduced. In addition, for the optical compensation, it can take a large amount of time (e.g., tens of seconds or more) to capture an image in the low gray scale range using the camera, and compensation accuracy in the low gray scale range can be reduced. SUMMARY

[0007] Embodiments of the present application provide a display apparatus capable of improving compensation accuracy in a low gray scale range by combining an optical compensation method and an external compensation method.

[0008] Embodiments of the present application also provide a method of compensating for an image of a display panel using a display apparatus.

[0009] In an embodiment of the display apparatus according to the present application, the display apparatus includes a first compensator, a second compensator, and a display panel including a plurality of pixels. The first compensator generates a first compensation coefficient based on sensing data of a pixel of the plurality of pixels for a first gray value, generates a second compensation coefficient based on camera imaging data for a second gray value greater than the first gray value, and compensates image data based on the first compensation coefficient and the second compensation coefficient. The second compensator compensates the image data by modeling sensing data of an entire gray range based on sensing data of the pixel for a third gray value and a fourth gray value. The display panel displays an image based on the image data compensated by the first compensator and the second compensator.

[0010] In an embodiment, at least one of the plurality of pixels of the display panel can include a first switching element including a control electrode connected to a first node, an input electrode receiving a first power voltage, and an output electrode connected to a second node, a second switching element including a control electrode receiving a first switching signal, an input electrode receiving a data voltage, and an output electrode connected to the first node, a third switching element including a control electrode receiving a second switching signal, an input electrode connected to the second node, and an output electrode connected to a sensing line, and a light emitting element including an anode electrode connected to the second node and a cathode electrode receiving a second power voltage.

[0011] In an embodiment, the display apparatus can further include a first switch that applies an initialization voltage to the sensing line or reads a sensing voltage through the sensing line in response to a third switching signal. In a sensing period, the first switching signal can have an active level, the second switching signal can have an active level, and the third switching signal can have a first level for connecting the sensing line to a sensing circuit through the first switch.

[0012] In an embodiment, in an initialization period, the first switching signal can have an inactive level, the second switching signal can have an active level, and the third switching signal can have a second level for applying the initialization voltage to the sensing line through the first switch.

[0013] In an embodiment, the sensing circuit can include an operational amplifier including a first input electrode receiving the sensing voltage and a second input electrode receiving a reference voltage and an output electrode, an analog-to-digital converter connected to the output electrode of the operational amplifier, and a capacitor connected between the first input electrode of the operational amplifier and the output electrode of the operational amplifier.

[0014] In an embodiment, the sensing signal output from the output electrode of the operational amplifier can be a sensing current. When a data voltage applied to the second switching element is Vgs, the sensing current is I, a threshold voltage of the first switching element is Vth, and a mobility of the first switching element is β, the sensing current can be determined as: I = β(Vgs-Vth) 2 .

[0015] In an embodiment, the sensing circuit can apply a first data voltage corresponding to a third gray value to the pixel to sense a first sensing current, and apply a second data voltage corresponding to a fourth gray value to the pixel to sense a second sensing current. The second compensator can obtain a threshold voltage Vth of the first switching element and a mobility β of the first switching element using the first data voltage, the second data voltage, the first sensing current, and the second sensing current.

[0016] In an embodiment, the third gray value and the fourth gray value can be greater than the first gray value.

[0017] In an embodiment, at least one of the plurality of pixels of the display panel can include: a first switching element including a control electrode connected to a first node, an input electrode connected to an output electrode of a fourth switching element, and an output electrode connected to a second node; a second switching element including a control electrode receiving a first switching signal, an input electrode receiving a data voltage, and an output electrode connected to the first node; a third switching element including a control electrode receiving a second switching signal, an input electrode connected to the second node, and an output electrode connected to a sensing line; a fourth switching element including a control electrode receiving an emission signal, an input electrode receiving a first power voltage, and an output electrode connected to the input electrode of the first switching element; and an emission element including an anode electrode connected to the second node and a cathode electrode receiving a second power voltage.

[0018] In an embodiment, the first switching element, the second switching element, and the third switching element can be n-type transistors. The fourth switching element can be a p-type transistor.

[0019] In an embodiment, a compensation coefficient for a gray range between the first gray value and the second gray value can be generated by interpolating the first compensation coefficient and the second compensation coefficient.

[0020] In an embodiment, a compensation coefficient for a gray range less than the first gray value can be generated by extrapolating the first compensation coefficient and the second compensation coefficient. A compensation coefficient for a gray range greater than the second gray value can be generated by extrapolating the first compensation coefficient and the second compensation coefficient.

[0021] In an embodiment, the first compensator can further generate a third compensation coefficient based on camera imaging data for a fifth gray value between the first gray value and the second gray value. The first compensator can compensate the image data using the first compensation coefficient, the second compensation coefficient, and the third compensation coefficient.

[0022] In an embodiment, compensation coefficients for a gray range between the first gray value and the fifth gray value can be generated by interpolating the first compensation coefficient and the third compensation coefficient. Compensation coefficients for a gray range between the fifth gray value and the second gray value can be generated by interpolating the third compensation coefficient and the second compensation coefficient. Compensation coefficients for a gray range less than the first gray value can be generated by extrapolating the first compensation coefficient and the third compensation coefficient. Compensation coefficients for a gray range greater than the second gray value can be generated by extrapolating the third compensation coefficient and the second compensation coefficient.

[0023] In an embodiment, the first compensator can further generate a third compensation coefficient based on camera imaging data for a fifth gray value between the first gray value and the second gray value. The first compensator can further generate a fourth compensation coefficient based on sensing data of the pixel for a sixth gray value less than the first gray value. The first compensator can compensate the image data using the first compensation coefficient, the second compensation coefficient, the third compensation coefficient, and the fourth compensation coefficient.

[0024] In an embodiment, compensation coefficients for a gray range between the sixth gray value and the first gray value can be generated by interpolating the fourth compensation coefficient and the first compensation coefficient. Compensation coefficients for a gray range between the first gray value and the fifth gray value can be generated by interpolating the first compensation coefficient and the third compensation coefficient. Compensation coefficients for a gray range between the fifth gray value and the second gray value can be generated by interpolating the third compensation coefficient and the second compensation coefficient. Compensation coefficients for a gray range less than the sixth gray value can be generated by extrapolating the fourth compensation coefficient and the first compensation coefficient. Compensation coefficients for a gray range greater than the second gray value can be generated by extrapolating the third compensation coefficient and the second compensation coefficient.

[0025] In an embodiment, the display apparatus can further include a memory storing the first compensation coefficient, the second compensation coefficient, and the sensing data. The first compensator can compensate the image data using the first compensation coefficient and the second compensation coefficient determined in a manufacturing operation of the display apparatus and stored in the memory. The second compensator can compensate the image data using the sensing data sensed in real time in at least one of the power-off period and the power-up period.

[0026] In an embodiment of the method of compensating for an image of a display panel including a plurality of pixels according to the present application, the method includes generating a first compensation coefficient based on sensing data of a pixel of the plurality of pixels for a first gray value, generating a second compensation coefficient based on camera imaging data for a second gray value greater than the first gray value, compensating for image data based on the first compensation coefficient and the second compensation coefficient, and compensating for the image data by modeling sensing data for an entire gray range based on sensing data of the pixel for a third gray value and a fourth gray value.

[0027] In an embodiment, at least one of the plurality of pixels of the display panel can include a first switching element including a control electrode connected to a first node, an input electrode receiving a first power voltage, and an output electrode connected to a second node, a second switching element including a control electrode receiving a first switching signal, an input electrode receiving a data voltage, and an output electrode connected to the first node, a third switching element including a control electrode receiving a second switching signal, an input electrode connected to the second node, and an output electrode connected to a sensing line, and a light emitting element including an anode electrode connected to the second node and a cathode electrode receiving a second power voltage. The sensing circuit connected to the sensing line can include an operational amplifier including a first input electrode receiving a sensing voltage and a second input electrode receiving a reference voltage, and an output electrode connected to an analog-to-digital converter, and a capacitor connected between the first input electrode of the operational amplifier and the output electrode of the operational amplifier.

[0028] In an embodiment, compensating for the image data based on the first compensation coefficient and the second compensation coefficient can include compensating for the image data using the first compensation coefficient and the second compensation coefficient determined in a manufacturing operation of a display apparatus including the display panel and stored in a memory of the display apparatus. Compensating for the image data by modeling sensing data for an entire gray range can include compensating for the image data using sensing data sensed in real time in at least one of a power-off period and a power-on period.

[0029] According to the display apparatus and the method of compensating for an image of a display panel, the display apparatus can operate optical compensation based on sensing data of a pixel for a first gray value and camera imaging data for a second gray value greater than the first gray value, and can operate external compensation by modeling sensing data for an entire gray range based on sensing data of the pixel for a third gray value and a fourth gray value. Accordingly, compensation accuracy in a low gray range can be improved. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0030] The above and other features and advantages of the present application will become more apparent by describing in detail embodiments thereof with reference to the attached drawings in which:

[0031] Figure 1is a block diagram showing an embodiment of a display device according to the present application;

[0032] Figure 2 is a block diagram showing an embodiment of a display device according to the present application; Figure 1

[0033] Figure 3 is a circuit diagram showing a pixel of a display panel of Figure 1

[0034] Figure 4 is a timing chart showing input signals of a pixel of Figure 3

[0035] Figure 5 is a timing chart showing input signals of a pixel of Figure 3

[0036] Figure 6 is a circuit diagram showing a sensor of Figure 2

[0037] Figures 7 to 11 is a graph showing an operation of a second compensator of Figure 2

[0038] Figure 12 is a graph showing an operation of a first compensator of Figure 2

[0039] Figure 13 is a graph showing an operation of a first compensator of a display device according to the present application;

[0040] Figure 14 is a graph showing an operation of a first compensator of a display device according to the present application; and

[0041] Figure 15 is a circuit diagram showing an embodiment of a pixel of a display panel of a display device according to the present application. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0042] Hereinafter, the present application will be explained in detail with reference to the attached drawings.

[0043] The present application will now be described more fully with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which various embodiments of the application are shown. The present application may, however, be embodied in many different forms and should not be construed as limited to the embodiments set forth herein. Rather, these embodiments are provided so that this disclosure will be thorough and complete, and fully convey the scope of the application to those skilled in the art. Like reference numerals refer to like elements throughout.

[0044] ​​​​​​​It will be understood that when an element is referred to as being "on" another element, it can be directly on the other element or intervening elements can be present. In contrast, when an element is referred to as being "directly on" another element, there are no intervening elements present.

[0045] It will be understood that, although the terms "first," "second," "third," etc. can be used herein to describe various elements, components, regions, layers and / or sections, these elements, components, regions, layers and / or sections should not be limited by these terms. These terms are only used to distinguish one element, component, region, layer or section from another element, component, region, layer or section. Thus, a first element, component, region, layer or section discussed below could be termed a second element, component, region, layer or section without departing from the teachings herein.

[0046] The terminology used herein is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting. As used herein, the singular forms "a," "an," and "the" are intended to include the plural forms, including "at least one," unless the context clearly indicates otherwise. "Or" means "and / or." As used herein, the term "and / or" includes any and all combinations of one or more of the associated listed items. It will be further understood that the terms "comprises" and / or "comprising," when used in this specification, specify the presence of stated features, regions, integers, steps, operations, elements, and / or components, but do not preclude the presence or addition of one or more other features, regions, integers, steps, operations, elements, components, and / or groups thereof.

[0047] In addition, relative terms such as "lower" or "bottom" and "upper" or "top" can be used herein to describe one element's or portion's relationship to another element or portion as illustrated in the Figures. It will be understood that relative terms are intended to encompass different orientations of the device in addition to the orientation depicted in the Figures. In embodiments where the device is inverted, elements described as "below" or "beneath" other elements or portions will then be oriented "above" the other elements or portions. The exemplary term "below" can therefore encompass both an orientation of above and below. For example, where an element or portion is above another element or portion, it can be oriented below the other element or portion, and vice versa. Similarly, the exemplary terms "above" or "upwards" can encompass both an orientation of above and below. For example, where an element or portion is above another element or portion, it can be oriented upwards (above) the other element or portion, and vice versa.

[0048] In view of the measurements under discussion and the errors associated with the measurement of a particular quantity (i.e., the limitations of the measurement system), "about" or "approximately" as used herein includes the recited value and means within an acceptable range of deviation of the particular value as determined by one of ordinary skill in the art. For example, "about" can mean within one or more standard deviations, or within ±30%, ±20%, ±10%, ±5% of the stated value.

[0049] Unless otherwise defined, all terms (including technical and scientific terms) used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this application belongs. It will be further understood that terms, such as those defined in commonly used dictionaries, should be interpreted as having a meaning that is consistent with their meaning in the context of the relevant art and the present disclosure and will not be interpreted in an idealized or overly formal sense unless expressly so defined herein.

[0050] Embodiments are described herein with reference to cross-sectional illustrations that are schematic illustrations of idealized embodiments. Variations from the shapes of the illustrations as a result, for example, of manufacturing techniques and / or tolerances, are expected. Thus, embodiments described herein are not to be construed as being limited to the particular shapes illustrated herein but include deviations in shapes that result from, for example, manufacturing. In embodiments, regions illustrated or described as flat can be, in some embodiments, rough and / or nonlinear. Also, the illustrated corners can be rounded. Thus, the regions illustrated in the figures are schematic and their shapes are not intended to illustrate the precise shape of a region that is to be constructed and manufactured. The purpose of the regions illustrated in the figures is to more effectively illustrate and describe the embodiments.

[0051] Figure 1 is a block diagram illustrating an embodiment of a display apparatus according to the present application.

[0052] Referring to Figure 1 , the display apparatus includes a display panel 100 and a display panel driver. The display panel driver includes a driving controller 200, a gate driver 300, a gamma reference voltage generator 400, and a data driver 500.

[0053] In embodiments, the driving controller 200 and the data driver 500 can be, for example, integral (e.g., integrated). In embodiments, the driving controller 200, the gamma reference voltage generator 400, and the data driver 500 can be integral. A driving module including at least the integral driving controller 200 and the data driver 500 can be referred to as a timing controller embedded data driver (TED). A driving module including at least the integral driving controller 200 and the data driver 500 can be referred to as an integrated driver TED.

[0054] The display panel 100 includes a display area AA on which an image is displayed and a peripheral area PA adjacent to the display area AA.

[0055] In an embodiment, in the illustrated embodiment, the display panel 100 can be an organic light emitting diode display panel including, for example, an organic light emitting diode. In an alternative embodiment, the display panel 100 can be a liquid crystal display panel including a liquid crystal layer.

[0056] The display panel 100 includes a plurality of gate lines GL, a plurality of data lines DL, and a plurality of pixels P connected to the gate lines GL and the data lines DL. The gate lines GL extend in a first direction D1, and the data lines DL extend in a second direction D2 intersecting the first direction D1.

[0057] In the illustrated embodiment, the display panel 100 can further include a plurality of sensing lines SL connected to the pixels P. The sensing lines SL can extend in the second direction D2.

[0058] In the illustrated embodiment, the display panel driver can include a sensing circuit receiving a sensing signal from the pixels P of the display panel 100 through the sensing lines SL. The sensing circuit can be provided in the data driver 500 or the integrated driver TED. In an alternative embodiment, the sensing circuit can be provided independently of the data driver 500 and the integrated driver TED. In the present disclosure, the location of the sensing circuit can not be limited.

[0059] The driving controller 200 receives input image data IMG and input control signals CONT from an external device. In an embodiment, for example, the input image data IMG can include red image data, green image data, and blue image data. In an embodiment, for example, the input image data IMG can include white image data. In an embodiment, for example, the input image data IMG can include magenta image data, yellow image data, and cyan image data. The input control signals CONT can include a main clock signal and a data enable signal. The input control signals CONT can further include a vertical synchronization signal and a horizontal synchronization signal.

[0060] The driving controller 200 generates a first control signal CONT1, a second control signal CONT2, a third control signal CONT3, and a data signal DATA based on the input image data IMG and the input control signals CONT.

[0061] The driving controller 200 generates the first control signal CONT1 for controlling the operation of the gate driver 300 based on the input control signals CONT, and outputs the first control signal CONT1 to the gate driver 300. The first control signal CONT1 can further include a vertical start signal and a gate clock signal.

[0062] The drive controller 200 generates a second control signal CONT2 for controlling the operation of the data driver 500 based on the input control signal CONT, and outputs the second control signal CONT2 to the data driver 500. The second control signal CONT2 can include a horizontal start signal and a load signal.

[0063] The drive controller 200 generates a data signal DATA based on the input image data IMG. The drive controller 200 outputs the data signal DATA to the data driver 500.

[0064] The drive controller 200 generates a third control signal CONT3 for controlling the operation of the gamma reference voltage generator 400 based on the input control signal CONT, and outputs the third control signal CONT3 to the gamma reference voltage generator 400.

[0065] The gate driver 300 generates a gate signal for driving the gate line GL in response to the first control signal CONT1 received from the drive controller 200. The gate driver 300 outputs the gate signal to the gate line GL. In an embodiment, for example, the gate driver 300 can sequentially output the gate signal to the gate line GL.

[0066] In the illustrated embodiment, the gate driver 300 can be disposed (e.g., integrated) on the peripheral area PA of the display panel 100.

[0067] The gamma reference voltage generator 400 generates a gamma reference voltage VGREF in response to the third control signal CONT3 received from the drive controller 200. The gamma reference voltage generator 400 provides the gamma reference voltage VGREF to the data driver 500. The gamma reference voltage VGREF has a value corresponding to a level of the data signal DATA.

[0068] In an embodiment, the gamma reference voltage generator 400 can be disposed in the drive controller 200 or in the data driver 500. In an embodiment, the gamma reference voltage generator 400 can be disposed in the integrated driver TED.

[0069] The data driver 500 receives the second control signal CONT2 and the data signal DATA from the drive controller 200, and receives the gamma reference voltage VGREF from the gamma reference voltage generator 400. The data driver 500 converts the data signal DATA into a data voltage having an analog type using the gamma reference voltage VGREF. The data driver 500 outputs the data voltage to the data line DL.

[0070] Figure 2 is a block diagram illustrating Figure 1 an integrated driver TED.

[0071] Reference Figure 1 and Figure 2 The integrated driver TED can include an image compensator 10, a gamma converter 20, a first compensator 30, a memory 40, a second compensator 50, a sensor 60, and a ditherer 70.

[0072] The image compensator 10 can receive input image data IMG and operate image quality compensation of the input image data IMG.

[0073] In an embodiment, for example, the image compensator 10 can identify a human skin in the input image data IMG and can compensate for skin color.

[0074] In addition, the image compensator 10 can compensate for a drag of a moving image by using previous frame data and current frame data to compensate for gray data of the current frame data.

[0075] In addition, the image compensator 10 can operate overdrive compensation. The overdrive compensation can increase a charging rate of a pixel by increasing a gray value of current frame data to a target gray value that is greater than the gray value of the current frame data.

[0076] In addition, the image compensator 10 can determine a degree of deterioration of a light emitting element and can compensate for the deterioration of the light emitting element.

[0077] In an embodiment, for example, an output of the image compensator 10 can be second image data IMG2.

[0078] The gamma converter 20 can receive the second image data IMG2 and can convert a gamma value of the second image data IMG2 using a predetermined gamma curve.

[0079] An input (for example, the second image data IMG2) of the gamma converter 20 can be a digital signal, and an output of the gamma converter 20 can be an analog voltage. The output of the gamma converter 20 can be a first image voltage VIMG.

[0080] The first compensator 30 can receive the first image voltage VIMG. The first compensator 30 can generate a first compensation coefficient based on sensing data of a pixel for a first gray value, can generate a second compensation coefficient based on camera imaging data for a second gray value that is greater than the first gray value, and can compensate for the first image voltage VIMG using the first compensation coefficient and the second compensation coefficient. An output of the first compensator 30 can be a second image voltage VIMG2. The first compensator 30 can be a stain compensator for compensating for luminance non-uniformity of a pixel of a display panel 100.

[0081] The second compensator 50 can receive the second image voltage VIMG2. The second compensator 50 can operate modeling of the sensing data for the entire gray scale range based on the sensing data of the pixels for the third and fourth gray scale values to compensate for the second image voltage VIMG2. The output of the second compensator 50 can be a third image voltage VIMG3. The second compensator 50 can be an external compensator for compensating for the non-uniformity of the threshold voltage and mobility of the switching elements of the pixels of the display panel 100.

[0082] Although the first compensator 30 is disposed in front of the second compensator 50 in the above embodiment, the present application is not limited thereto. In an embodiment, for example, the second compensator 50 can be disposed in front of the first compensator 30. Figure 2

[0083] The memory 40 is connected to the first compensator 30 and the second compensator 50. The memory 40 can store various values for the first compensator 30 and the second compensator 50. In an embodiment, for example, the memory 40 can store the first and second compensation coefficients and the sensing data.

[0084] The first compensator 30 can compensate for the image data using the first and second compensation coefficients determined in the manufacturing operation of the display apparatus and stored in the memory 40. The first and second compensation coefficients can not be changed after being stored in the memory 40 in the manufacturing operation of the display apparatus.

[0085] The second compensator 50 can compensate for the image data using the sensing data determined in the manufacturing operation of the display apparatus and stored in the memory 40. In addition, the second compensator 50 can compensate for the image data using the sensing data sensed in real time in at least one of the power-off period and the power-on period. In addition, the second compensator 50 can further compensate for the image data using the sensing data sensed in real time in a blanking period during driving of the display apparatus other than the power-off period and the power-on period. The sensing data can be continuously updated after being stored in the memory 40 in the manufacturing operation of the display apparatus.

[0086] The sensor 60 can receive the sensing signal of the pixels from the display panel 100. The sensor 60 can receive the sensing signal through the sensing line SL of the display panel 100.

[0087] The integrated driver TED can operate the sensing data based on the sensing signal received from the sensor 60 and store the sensing data to the memory 40. The sensing data can be used for the compensation operation of the second compensator 50.

[0088] ​The ditherer 70 can receive the third image voltage VIMG3 from the second compensator 50. The ditherer 70 can operate dithering to reduce the number of bits of the third image voltage VIMG3. In an embodiment, for example, the third image voltage VIMG3 can have a resolution of 12 bits. In an embodiment, for example, a data voltage VDATA that is an output of the ditherer 70 can have a resolution of 10 bits.

[0089] In Figure 2 , the first compensator 30, the second compensator 50, and the ditherer 70 can operate at an analog level. The output of the ditherer 70 can be an analog data voltage. In an alternative embodiment, the first compensator 30, the second compensator 50, and the ditherer 70 can operate at a digital level. The output of the ditherer 70 can be a digital data voltage. In this context, when the output of the ditherer 70 is a digital data voltage, the display apparatus can include a digital-to-analog converter that converts the output of the ditherer 70 to an analog level.

[0090] Figure 3 is a circuit diagram illustrating Figure 1 a pixel P of the display panel 100. Figure 4 is a timing chart illustrating input signals of the pixel P in an initialization period. Figure 3 Figure 5 is a timing chart illustrating input signals of the pixel P in a sensing period. Figure 3

[0091] Referring to Figures 1 to 5 , at least one of the pixels P can include a first switching element T1 that applies the first power voltage ELVDD to a second node N2 in response to a signal at a first node N1, a second switching element T2 that applies a data voltage VDATA to the first node N1 in response to a first switching signal S1, a third switching element T3 that outputs a signal at the second node N2 to a sensing node in response to a second switching signal S2, a storage capacitor CS including a first end connected to the first node N1 and a second end connected to the second node N2, and a light emitting element EE including a first electrode connected to the second node N2 and a second electrode that receives a second power voltage ELVSS.

[0092] ​​In an embodiment, for example, at least one of the pixels P may include: a first switching element T1, which includes a control electrode connected to a first node N1, an input electrode receiving a first power supply voltage ELVDD, and an output electrode connected to a second node N2; a second switching element T2, which includes a control electrode receiving a first switching signal S1, an input electrode receiving a data voltage VDATA, and an output electrode connected to the first node N1; a third switching element T3, which includes a control electrode receiving a second switching signal S2, an input electrode connected to the second node N2, and an output electrode connected to a sensing line SL; and a light-emitting element EE, which includes an anode electrode connected to the second node N2 and a cathode receiving a second power supply voltage ELVSS. In an embodiment, the first to third switching elements T1 to T3 may be thin-film transistors.

[0093] In this document, the second power supply voltage ELVSS can be lower than the first power supply voltage ELVDD. In an embodiment, for example, the light-emitting element EE can be an organic light-emitting diode.

[0094] In an embodiment, for example, the first switching element T1, the second switching element T2, and the third switching element T3 may be n-type transistors.

[0095] The display device may further include a first switch SW that applies an initialization voltage VSIN to the sensing line SL or reads the sensing voltage VSENSE through the sensing line SL in response to a third switch signal S3. During the sensing period TS, the first switch signal S1 may have an active level, the second switch signal S2 may have an active level, and the third switch signal S3 may have a first level (e.g., a low level) for connecting the sensing line SL to the sensing circuit through the first switch SW.

[0096] During the initialization period TI, the first switch signal S1 may have an invalid level, the second switch signal S2 may have an active level, and the third switch signal S3 may have a second level (e.g., a high level) for applying the initialization voltage VSIN to the sensing line SL through the first switch SW.

[0097] like Figure 5 As shown, the first switching signal S1 is activated during the sensing period TS, allowing the data voltage VDATA to be applied to the first node N1 via the second switching element T2. In this document, the data voltage VDATA can be the sensing data voltage used to sense the threshold voltage of the first switching element T1.

[0098] In the sensing period TS, the first switching element T1 can be turned on by the sensing data voltage applied to the first node N1 and the initialization voltage VSIN which has been applied to the second node N2 in the initialization period TI.

[0099] In addition, the second switching signal S2 is also activated in the sensing period TS, so that the third switching element T3 is turned on, and the voltage at the second node N2 (i.e. the sensing voltage VSENSE) can be output to the sensing line SL through the third switching element T3 in the sensing period TS.

[0100] Figure 6 is a circuit diagram illustrating Figure 2 the sensor 60.

[0101] Referring to Figures 1 to 6 , the sensing line SL can be connected to a sensing circuit of the sensor 60. The sensing circuit can include an operational amplifier AMP including a first input electrode receiving the sensing voltage VSENSE and a second input electrode receiving a reference voltage VSET and an output electrode connected to an analog-to-digital converter ADC, and a capacitor CG connected between the first input electrode of the operational amplifier AMP and the output electrode of the operational amplifier AMP. The operational amplifier AMP can operate as an integrator. The sensing voltage VSENSE applied to the first input electrode can be output in the form of a sensing current from the output electrode.

[0102] The sensing circuit can further include a reset switch SWS connected between the first input electrode of the operational amplifier AMP and the output electrode of the operational amplifier AMP.

[0103] The analog-to-digital converter ADC can convert the sensing current output from the operational amplifier AMP into a digital sensing signal.

[0104] In the initialization period TI and the sensing period TS, the second power voltage ELVSS has a high level, so that the pixel P can not emit light.

[0105] The integrated driver TED can operate in a write mode and a sensing mode. In the write mode, a data voltage VDATA for displaying an image can be written into the pixel P of the display panel 100. In the sensing mode, a threshold voltage and mobility of the pixel P can be sensed from the pixel P. In the write mode, the integrated driver TED can output the data voltage VDATA corresponding to a gray value of input image data IMG to the data line DL. In comparison, in the sensing mode, the integrated driver TED can output a sensing data voltage for sensing the threshold voltage and the mobility of the first switching element T1 to the data line DL.

[0106] The sensing mode can operate in a power-up period when the display apparatus starts to turn on, in a blanking period between active periods when an image is written into the display panel 100, and in a power-down period when the display apparatus starts to turn off. The second compensator 50 of the integrated driver TED can compensate a data voltage applied to the pixel P according to a sensed threshold voltage and a sensed mobility of the pixel P. The integrated driver TED can output the data voltage VDATA compensated based on the sensing signal to the data line DL in the active period.

[0107] Figures 7 to 11 is a graph illustrating an operation of the second compensator 50 of Figure 2 .

[0108] To obtain the threshold voltage and the mobility, the second compensator 50 can use a current-voltage curve of the first switching element T1 of the pixel P as illustrated in Figure 7 . In Figure 7 , the voltage V can be a gate-source voltage Vgs of the first switching element T1, and the current I can be a source-drain current of the first switching element T1. For convenience of explanation, the gate-source voltage Vgs of the first switching element T1 can be assumed as a data voltage VDATA applied to the second switching element T2.

[0109] When the data voltage applied to the second switching element T2 is Vgs, the sensing current is I, the threshold voltage of the first switching element T1 is Vth, and the mobility of the first switching element T1 is β, the sensing current can be determined as the following Equation 1.

[0110] [Equation 1] I = β (Vgs - Vth) 2

[0111] The sensing circuit can apply a third data voltage (e.g., Vgs1) corresponding to the third gray scale value to the pixel P to sense a third sense current (e.g., I1), and can apply a fourth data voltage (e.g., Vgs2) corresponding to the fourth gray scale value to the pixel P to sense a fourth sense current (e.g., I2). In an embodiment, for example, the sensing circuit can apply the third data voltage (e.g., Vgs1) corresponding to the third gray scale value to the pixel P and can sense the third sense current (e.g., I1) in a first sense frame, and the sensing circuit can apply the fourth data voltage (e.g., Vgs2) corresponding to the fourth gray scale value to the pixel P and can sense the fourth sense current (e.g., I2) in a second sense frame adjacent to the first sense frame. In an alternative embodiment, the sensing circuit can sense the third sense current (e.g., I1) in a first time, and can sense the fourth sense current (e.g., I2) in a second time different from the first time. The unknown values in Equation 1 are the threshold voltage Vth of the first switching element T1 and the mobility β of the first switching element T1. When data voltages of two gray scale values (e.g., the third gray scale value and the fourth gray scale value) are applied and sense currents are sensed for the two gray scale values, two unknown values Vth and β can be obtained.

[0112] The second compensator 50 can obtain the threshold voltage Vth of the first switching element T1 and the mobility β of the first switching element T1 using the third data voltage, the fourth data voltage, the third sense current, and the fourth sense current.

[0113] In an embodiment, the sensing circuit can be connected to all of the pixels of the display panel 100, so that the second compensator 50 can obtain Vth and β, for example, in units of pixels.

[0114] In Figure 8 , the first curve C1 can be a current-voltage curve of the first pixel, and the second curve CT can be a current-voltage curve of the target pixel. The second compensator 50 can compensate the input data voltage VDATA1 of the first pixel to a compensated data voltage VDATA2 so that a current due to the input data voltage VDATA1 of the first pixel matches a current of the target pixel.

[0115] As explained above, the second compensator 50 can sense sense currents at two sense points (two sense gray scale values) to obtain the threshold voltage Vth of the first switching element T1 and the mobility β of the first switching element T1. The threshold voltage Vth and the mobility β can be obtained using the sense currents for the two sense gray scale values, and a current-voltage curve C1 for each pixel can be obtained as shown in Figure 8 .

[0116] In Figure 9For example, two sensing points, Vgs1 and Vgs2, can be set within a low grayscale range. Curve CM1 represents the result of modeling the entire grayscale range using the two sensing points Vgs1 and Vgs2, and curve CS represents the actual measured sensing current curve CS for the entire grayscale range. The most accurate compensation result can be obtained when using curve CS to compensate for image data. However, when sensing and storing the sensing current for the entire grayscale range in memory 40, the load on memory 40 can increase significantly, making this method practically infeasible.

[0117] Therefore, the second compensator 50 can use curve CM1, which is obtained by modeling the entire grayscale range using threshold voltage Vth and mobility β obtained for two sensing points Vgs1 and Vgs2, to compensate for the image data.

[0118] like Figure 9 As shown, when the two sensing points Vgs1 and Vgs2 are set in a low grayscale range, a difference occurs between curve CM1 and curve CS, and this difference causes a compensation error in the second compensator 50.

[0119] exist Figure 10 For example, two sensing points, Vgs1 and Vgs2, can be set within the medium grayscale range. Curve CM2 represents the result of modeling the entire grayscale range using the two sensing points Vgs1 and Vgs2, and curve CS represents the sensing current curve CS actually measured for the entire grayscale range.

[0120] like Figure 10 As shown, when the two sensing points Vgs1 and Vgs2 are set within the medium grayscale range, the compensation error can be less than [a certain value]. Figure 9 The compensation error is within the range. However, compensation errors may still occur in both the low and high grayscale ranges. While compensation errors in the high grayscale range may not be easily displayed to the user, compensation errors in the low grayscale range may be easily displayed to the user.

[0121] exist Figure 11 For example, two sensing points, Vgs1 and Vgs2, can be set within a high grayscale range. Curve CM3 represents the result of modeling the entire grayscale range using the two sensing points Vgs1 and Vgs2, and curve CS represents the actual measured sensing current curve CS for the entire grayscale range.

[0122] like Figure 11 As shown, when the two sensing points Vgs1 and Vgs2 are set in the high grayscale range, the compensation error can be quite large in the low grayscale range. As explained above, the compensation error in the low grayscale range can be easily displayed to the user.

[0123] In the illustrated embodiment, the two sensing points Vgs1 and Vgs2 can be set in the middle gray scale range as Figure 10 In an embodiment, for example, the third and fourth gray scale values of the two sensing points used by the second compensator 50 can be greater than the first gray scale value used by the first compensator 30.

[0124] Figure 12 is a graph showing the operation of the first compensator 30. Figure 2

[0125] Referring to Figures 1 to 12 , the first compensator 30 can generate a first compensation coefficient based on the sensing data of the pixel P for the first gray scale value GR1, can generate a second compensation coefficient based on the camera imaging data for a second gray scale value GR2 greater than the first gray scale value GR1, and can compensate the image data using the first and second compensation coefficients. As described above, the accuracy of the camera imaging data is low at the low gray scale range, and thus the first compensator 30 can generate the first compensation coefficient using the sensing current of the sensing circuit at the low gray scale range (e.g., the first gray scale value GR1).

[0126] In Figure 12 , when the first compensation coefficient is 1, the input luminance can be close to the target luminance. When the first compensation coefficient is greater than 1, the input luminance can be lower than the target luminance, and thus the input luminance can be compensated to increase. When the first compensation coefficient is less than 1, the input luminance can be higher than the target luminance, and thus the input luminance can be compensated to decrease.

[0127] In the illustrated embodiment, the compensation coefficients for the gray scale range between the first and second gray scale values GR1 and GR2 can be generated by interpolating the first and second compensation coefficients.

[0128] The compensation coefficients for the gray scale range less than the first gray scale value GR1 can be generated by extrapolating the first and second compensation coefficients. The compensation coefficients for the gray scale range greater than the second gray scale value GR2 can be generated by extrapolating the first and second compensation coefficients.

[0129] In Figure 12 , P11 and P12 denote the first and second compensation coefficients of the first pixel, respectively, P21 and P22 denote the first and second compensation coefficients of the second pixel, respectively, P31 and P32 denote the first and second compensation coefficients of the third pixel, respectively, and P41 and P42 denote the first and second compensation coefficients of the fourth pixel, respectively.

[0130] ​In the illustrated embodiment, for example, the first compensator 30 can generate a compensation coefficient using the sensing data for one gray value GR1 and the camera imaging data for one gray value GR2.

[0131] In the illustrated embodiment, for convenience of explanation, the first compensator 30 can generate a compensation coefficient regardless of the color of the pixel using the sensing data for one gray value GR1 and the camera imaging data for one gray value GR2. In an embodiment, for example, the first compensator 30 can generate a first color compensation coefficient using the sensing data for one gray value GR1 and the camera imaging data for one gray value GR2 for a first color sub-pixel, the first compensator 30 can generate a second color compensation coefficient using the sensing data for one gray value GR1 and the camera imaging data for one gray value GR2 for a second color sub-pixel, and the first compensator 30 can generate a third color compensation coefficient using the sensing data for one gray value GR1 and the camera imaging data for one gray value GR2 for a third color sub-pixel. In an alternative embodiment, the gray value at which the sensing data is obtained and the gray value at which the camera imaging data is obtained can vary according to the color of the pixel.

[0132] In the illustrated embodiment, the display apparatus can operate optical compensation based on the sensing data of the pixel P for the first gray value GR1 and the camera imaging data for the second gray value GR2 greater than the first gray value GR1, and can operate external compensation by modeling the sensing data for the entire gray range based on the sensing data of the pixel P for the third gray value (corresponding to Vgs1) and the fourth gray value (corresponding to Vgs2). Accordingly, compensation accuracy in a low gray range can be improved.

[0133] Figure 13 FIG. 1 is a diagram illustrating an embodiment of a display apparatus according to the present application.

[0134] The display apparatus in the illustrated embodiment is substantially the same as the reference Figures 1 to 12 The display apparatus of the previous embodiment explained is substantially the same. Accordingly, the same reference numerals will be used to refer to components that are the same or similar to those described in the Figures 1 to 12 described in the previous embodiment of FIG. 1, and any repeated explanation regarding the above-described elements will be omitted.

[0135] Reference Figure 13The first compensator 30 can generate a first compensation coefficient based on the sensing data of the pixel P for the first gray value GR1, can generate a second compensation coefficient based on the camera imaging data for a second gray value GR2 greater than the first gray value GR1, can generate a fifth compensation coefficient based on the camera imaging data for a fifth gray value GR5 between the first gray value GR1 and the second gray value GR2, and can compensate the image data using the first compensation coefficient, the second compensation coefficient, and the fifth compensation coefficient. As described above, the accuracy of the camera imaging data at the low gray range is low, and thus the first compensator 30 can generate the first compensation coefficient using the sensing current of the sensing circuit at the low gray range (e.g., the first gray value GR1).

[0136] In the illustrated embodiment, the compensation coefficients for the gray range between the first gray value GR1 and the fifth gray value GR5 can be generated by interpolating the first compensation coefficient and the fifth compensation coefficient. The compensation coefficients for the gray range between the fifth gray value GR5 and the second gray value GR2 can be generated by interpolating the fifth compensation coefficient and the second compensation coefficient. The compensation coefficients for the gray range less than the first gray value GR1 can be generated by extrapolating the first compensation coefficient and the fifth compensation coefficient. The compensation coefficients for the gray range greater than the second gray value GR2 can be generated by extrapolating the fifth compensation coefficient and the second compensation coefficient.

[0137] In the illustrated embodiment, the compensation coefficients for the gray range between the first gray value GR1 and the fifth gray value GR5 can be generated by interpolating the first compensation coefficient and the fifth compensation coefficient. The compensation coefficients for the gray range between the fifth gray value GR5 and the second gray value GR2 can be generated by interpolating the fifth compensation coefficient and the second compensation coefficient. The compensation coefficients for the gray range less than the first gray value GR1 can be generated by extrapolating the first compensation coefficient and the fifth compensation coefficient. The compensation coefficients for the gray range greater than the second gray value GR2 can be generated by extrapolating the fifth compensation coefficient and the second compensation coefficient. Figure 13 In the illustrated embodiment, the compensation coefficients for the gray range between the first gray value GR1 and the fifth gray value GR5 can be generated by interpolating the first compensation coefficient and the fifth compensation coefficient. The compensation coefficients for the gray range between the fifth gray value GR5 and the second gray value GR2 can be generated by interpolating the fifth compensation coefficient and the second compensation coefficient. The compensation coefficients for the gray range less than the first gray value GR1 can be generated by extrapolating the first compensation coefficient and the fifth compensation coefficient. The compensation coefficients for the gray range greater than the second gray value GR2 can be generated by extrapolating the fifth compensation coefficient and the second compensation coefficient.

[0138] In the illustrated embodiment, for example, the first compensator 30 can generate the compensation coefficients using the sensing data for one gray value GR1 and the camera imaging data for two gray values GR5 and GR2.

[0139] In the illustrated embodiment, the display apparatus can operate the optical compensation based on the sensing data of the pixel P for the first gray value GR1 and the camera imaging data for the fifth gray value GR5 and the second gray value GR2 greater than the first gray value GR1, and can operate the external compensation by modeling the sensing data for the entire gray range based on the sensing data of the pixel P for the third gray value (corresponding to Vgs1) and the fourth gray value (corresponding to Vgs2). Thus, the compensation accuracy in the low gray range can be improved.

[0140] Figure 14 is a diagram showing an embodiment of the operation of the first compensator 30 of the display apparatus according to the present application.

[0141] The display apparatus in the illustrated embodiment is substantially the same as the reference Figures 1 to 12 The display apparatus of the previous embodiment explained is substantially the same. Therefore, the same reference numerals will be used to refer to the components that are the same or similar to those described in the previous embodiment, and any repeated explanation about the above elements will be omitted. Figures 1 to 12

[0142] Referring to Figure 14 The first compensator 30 can generate a first compensation coefficient based on the sensing data of the pixel P for the first gray value GR1, can generate a second compensation coefficient based on the camera imaging data for a second gray value GR2 greater than the first gray value GR1, can generate a fifth compensation coefficient based on the camera imaging data for a fifth gray value GR5 between the first gray value GR1 and the second gray value GR2, can generate a sixth compensation coefficient based on the sensing data of the pixel P for a sixth gray value GR6 less than the first gray value GR1, and can compensate the image data using the first compensation coefficient, the second compensation coefficient, the fifth compensation coefficient, and the sixth compensation coefficient. As described above, the accuracy of the camera imaging data is low at the low gray range, and thus the first compensator 30 can generate the first compensation coefficient using the sensing current of the sensing circuit at the low gray range (e.g., the sixth gray value GR6 and the first gray value GR1).

[0143] In the illustrated embodiment, the compensation coefficients for the gray range between the sixth gray value GR6 and the first gray value GR1 can be generated by interpolating the sixth compensation coefficient and the first compensation coefficient. The compensation coefficients for the gray range between the first gray value GR1 and the fifth gray value GR5 can be generated by interpolating the first compensation coefficient and the fifth compensation coefficient. The compensation coefficients for the gray range between the fifth gray value GR5 and the second gray value GR2 can be generated by interpolating the fifth compensation coefficient and the second compensation coefficient. The compensation coefficients for the gray range less than the sixth gray value GR6 can be generated by extrapolating the sixth compensation coefficient and the first compensation coefficient. The compensation coefficients for the gray range greater than the second gray value GR2 can be generated by extrapolating the fifth compensation coefficient and the second compensation coefficient.

[0144] In Figure 14 ​In the illustrated embodiment, P16, P11, P15, and P12 denote a sixth compensation coefficient, a first compensation coefficient, a fifth compensation coefficient, and a second compensation coefficient of the first pixel, respectively, P26, P21, P25, and P22 denote a sixth compensation coefficient, a first compensation coefficient, a fifth compensation coefficient, and a second compensation coefficient of the second pixel, respectively, P36, P31, P35, and P32 denote a sixth compensation coefficient, a first compensation coefficient, a fifth compensation coefficient, and a second compensation coefficient of the third pixel, respectively, and P46, P41, P45, and P42 denote a sixth compensation coefficient, a first compensation coefficient, a fifth compensation coefficient, and a second compensation coefficient of the fourth pixel, respectively.

[0145] In the illustrated embodiment, for example, the first compensator 30 can generate compensation coefficients using the sensing data for the two gray scale values GR6 and GR1 and the camera imaging data for the two gray scale values GR5 and GR2.

[0146] In the illustrated embodiment, the display apparatus can operate optical compensation based on the sensing data of the pixel P for the sixth gray scale value GR6 and the first gray scale value GR1 and the camera imaging data for the fifth gray scale value GR5 and the second gray scale value GR2 greater than the first gray scale value GR1, and can operate external compensation by modeling the sensing data for the entire gray scale range based on the sensing data of the pixel P for the third gray scale value (corresponding to Vgs1) and the fourth gray scale value (corresponding to Vgs2). Accordingly, compensation accuracy in a low gray scale range can be improved.

[0147] Figure 15 is a circuit diagram illustrating an embodiment of a pixel P of a display panel 100 of a display apparatus according to the present application.

[0148] The display apparatus in the illustrated embodiment is substantially the same as the display apparatus of the previous embodiment with reference to Figures 1 to 12 The display apparatus of the previous embodiment is substantially the same as the display apparatus of the previous embodiment. Accordingly, the same reference numerals will be used to refer to components that are the same as or similar to those described in the Figures 1 to 12 described in the previous embodiment of the display apparatus, and any repeated explanation regarding the above-described elements will be omitted.

[0149] Reference Figure 15At least one of the pixels P of the display panel 100 can include: a first switching element T1 including a control electrode connected to a first node N1, an input electrode connected to an output electrode of a fourth switching element T4, and an output electrode connected to a second node N2; a second switching element T2 including a control electrode receiving a first switching signal S1, an input electrode receiving a data voltage VDATA, and an output electrode connected to the first node N1; a third switching element T3 including a control electrode receiving a second switching signal S2, an input electrode connected to the second node N2, and an output electrode connected to a sensing line SL; a fourth switching element T4 including a control electrode receiving an emission signal EM, an input electrode receiving a first power supply voltage ELVDD, and an output electrode connected to the input electrode of the first switching element T1; and a light emitting element EE including an anode electrode connected to the second node N2 and a cathode electrode receiving a second power supply voltage ELVSS.

[0150] In an embodiment, for example, the first switching element T1, the second switching element T2, and the third switching element T3 can be n-type transistors. In an embodiment, for example, the fourth switching element T4 can be a p-type transistor.

[0151] The display apparatus can further include a first switch SW that applies an initialization voltage VSIN to the sensing line SL or reads a sensing voltage VSENSE through the sensing line SL in response to the third switching signal S3.

[0152] In the illustrated embodiment, the display apparatus can operate optical compensation based on the sensing data of the pixel P for the first gray scale value GR1 and the camera imaging data for a second gray scale value GR2 greater than the first gray scale value GR1, and can operate external compensation by modeling the sensing data for the entire gray scale range based on the sensing data of the pixel P for a third gray scale value (corresponding to Vgs1) and a fourth gray scale value (corresponding to Vgs2). Accordingly, the compensation accuracy in the low gray scale range can be improved.

[0153] In the illustrated embodiment, the display quality of the display panel 100 can be improved.

[0154] The foregoing is illustrative of the present application, and is not to be construed as limiting the present application. While embodiments of the present application have been described, those skilled in the art will be able to make modifications and / or additions of their own without departing from the scope of the present application. Accordingly, all such modifications and additions are intended to be included within the scope of the present application as defined by the following claims. It is intended that the foregoing detailed description of the application be regarded as illustrative rather than a limitation, and that it is the intention that all changes and equivalents that come within the spirit and scope of the application are intended to be added to the claims.

Claims

1. A display device, comprising: The display panel includes multiple pixels; A first compensator generates a first compensation coefficient based on sensing data of pixels among the plurality of pixels for a first grayscale value, generates a second compensation coefficient based on camera imaging data for a second grayscale value greater than the first grayscale value, and compensates image data based on the first and second compensation coefficients. The sensing data of the pixels for the first grayscale value includes brightness information of the pixels corresponding to the first grayscale value, and the camera imaging data for the second grayscale value includes brightness information of the pixels corresponding to the second grayscale value. The second compensator compensates for the image data by modeling the sensing data across the entire grayscale range based on the sensing data of the pixel for the third and fourth grayscale values ​​to obtain a current-voltage curve. The sensing data of the pixel for the third and fourth grayscale values ​​includes the pixel's threshold voltage and mobility. The display panel displays an image based on the image data compensated by the first compensator and the second compensator.

2. The display device according to claim 1, wherein at least one of the plurality of pixels of the display panel comprises: The first switching element includes a control electrode connected to a first node, an input electrode receiving a first power supply voltage, and an output electrode connected to a second node. The second switching element includes a control electrode that receives a first switching signal, an input electrode that receives a data voltage, and an output electrode connected to the first node. The third switching element includes a control electrode that receives the second switching signal, an input electrode connected to the second node, and an output electrode connected to the sensing line; as well as The light-emitting element includes an anode electrode connected to the second node and a cathode electrode that receives a second power supply voltage.

3. The display device according to claim 2, further comprising a first switch that applies an initialization voltage to the sensing line or reads a sensing voltage through the sensing line in response to a third switch signal. in, During the sensing period, the first switch signal has an active level, the second switch signal has an active level, and the third switch signal has a first level for connecting the sensing line to the sensing circuit via the first switch.

4. The display device according to claim 3, wherein during the initialization period, the first switch signal has an invalid level, the second switch signal has the valid level, and the third switch signal has a second level for applying the initialization voltage to the sensing line via the first switch.

5. The display device according to claim 3, wherein the sensing circuit comprises: An operational amplifier includes a first input electrode for receiving the sensed voltage, a second input electrode for receiving a reference voltage, and an output electrode. An analog-to-digital converter is connected to the output electrode of the operational amplifier; as well as A capacitor is connected between the first input electrode of the operational amplifier and the output electrode of the operational amplifier.

6. The display device of claim 5, wherein the sensing signal output from the output electrode of the operational amplifier is a sensing current, and in, When the data voltage applied to the second switching element is Vgs, the sensing current is I, the threshold voltage of the first switching element is Vth, and the mobility of the first switching element is β, the sensing current is determined as: I = β(Vgs - Vth). 2 .

7. The display device according to claim 6, wherein the sensing circuit applies a first data voltage corresponding to the third grayscale value to the pixel to sense a first sensing current, and applies a second data voltage corresponding to the fourth grayscale value to the pixel to sense a second sensing current, and in, The second compensator uses the first data voltage, the second data voltage, the first sensing current, and the second sensing current to obtain the threshold voltage Vth of the first switching element and the mobility β of the first switching element.

8. The display device according to claim 7, wherein the third grayscale value and the fourth grayscale value are greater than the first grayscale value.

9. The display device according to claim 1, wherein at least one of the plurality of pixels of the display panel comprises: The first switching element includes a control electrode connected to the first node, an input electrode connected to the output electrode of the fourth switching element, and an output electrode connected to the second node. The second switching element includes a control electrode that receives a first switching signal, an input electrode that receives a data voltage, and an output electrode connected to the first node. The third switching element includes a control electrode that receives the second switching signal, an input electrode connected to the second node, and an output electrode connected to the sensing line; The fourth switching element includes a control electrode for receiving a light emission signal, an input electrode for receiving a first power supply voltage, and an output electrode connected to the input electrode of the first switching element. as well as The light-emitting element includes an anode electrode connected to the second node and a cathode electrode that receives a second power supply voltage.

10. The display device according to claim 9, wherein the first switching element, the second switching element, and the third switching element are n-type transistors, and in, The fourth switching element is a p-type transistor.

11. The display device according to claim 1, wherein the compensation coefficient for the grayscale range between the first grayscale value and the second grayscale value is generated by interpolating the first compensation coefficient and the second compensation coefficient.

12. The display device according to claim 11, wherein the compensation coefficient for a grayscale range smaller than the first grayscale value is generated by extrapolating the first compensation coefficient and the second compensation coefficient, and The compensation coefficient for grayscale ranges greater than the second grayscale value is generated by extrapolating the first compensation coefficient and the second compensation coefficient.

13. The display device of claim 1, wherein the first compensator further generates a third compensation coefficient based on camera imaging data for a fifth gray value between the first gray value and the second gray value, and The first compensator uses the first compensation coefficient, the second compensation coefficient, and the third compensation coefficient to compensate the image data.

14. The display device according to claim 13, wherein the compensation coefficient for the grayscale range between the first grayscale value and the fifth grayscale value is generated by interpolating the first compensation coefficient and the third compensation coefficient. The compensation coefficient for the grayscale range between the fifth grayscale value and the second grayscale value is generated by interpolating the third compensation coefficient and the second compensation coefficient. The compensation coefficient for grayscale ranges smaller than the first grayscale value is generated by extrapolating the first compensation coefficient and the third compensation coefficient. The compensation coefficient for grayscale ranges greater than the second grayscale value is generated by extrapolating the third compensation coefficient and the second compensation coefficient.

15. The display device of claim 1, wherein the first compensator further generates a third compensation coefficient based on camera imaging data for a fifth gray value between the first gray value and the second gray value. The first compensator further generates a fourth compensation coefficient based on sensing data of the pixel for a sixth gray value smaller than the first gray value, and The first compensator uses the first compensation coefficient, the second compensation coefficient, the third compensation coefficient, and the fourth compensation coefficient to compensate the image data.

16. The display device according to claim 15, wherein the compensation coefficient for the grayscale range between the sixth grayscale value and the first grayscale value is generated by interpolating the fourth compensation coefficient and the first compensation coefficient. The compensation coefficient for the grayscale range between the first grayscale value and the fifth grayscale value is generated by interpolating the first compensation coefficient and the third compensation coefficient. The compensation coefficient for the grayscale range between the fifth grayscale value and the second grayscale value is generated by interpolating the third compensation coefficient and the second compensation coefficient. The compensation coefficient for grayscale ranges smaller than the sixth grayscale value is generated by extrapolating the fourth compensation coefficient and the first compensation coefficient. The compensation coefficient for grayscale ranges greater than the second grayscale value is generated by extrapolating the third compensation coefficient and the second compensation coefficient.

17. The display device according to claim 1, further comprising a memory storing the first compensation coefficient, the second compensation coefficient, and the sensing data. The first compensator uses the first compensation coefficient and the second compensation coefficient, determined during the manufacturing process of the display device and stored in the memory, to compensate the image data. The second compensator uses the sensing data sensed in real time during at least one of the power outage and power-on periods to compensate for the image data.

18. A method for compensating an image of a display panel comprising a plurality of pixels, the method comprising: A first compensation coefficient is generated based on sensing data of the pixels among the plurality of pixels for a first gray value, wherein the sensing data of the pixels for the first gray value includes brightness information of the pixels corresponding to the first gray value; A second compensation coefficient is generated based on camera imaging data for a second gray value greater than the first gray value, wherein the camera imaging data for the second gray value includes the brightness information of the pixel corresponding to the second gray value; Image data is compensated based on the first compensation coefficient and the second compensation coefficient; and The image data is compensated by modeling the sensing data of the entire grayscale range based on the sensing data of the pixel for the third and fourth grayscale values ​​to obtain a current-voltage curve, wherein the sensing data of the pixel for the third and fourth grayscale values ​​includes the threshold voltage and mobility of the pixel.

19. The method of claim 18, wherein at least one of the plurality of pixels of the display panel comprises: The first switching element includes a control electrode connected to a first node, an input electrode receiving a first power supply voltage, and an output electrode connected to a second node. The second switching element includes a control electrode that receives a first switching signal, an input electrode that receives a data voltage, and an output electrode connected to the first node. The third switching element includes a control electrode that receives the second switching signal, an input electrode connected to the second node, and an output electrode connected to the sensing line; as well as The light-emitting element includes an anode electrode connected to the second node and a cathode electrode receiving a second power supply voltage. The sensing circuit connected to the sensing line includes: An operational amplifier includes a first input electrode for receiving a sensed voltage, a second input electrode for receiving a reference voltage, and an output electrode connected to an analog-to-digital converter. as well as A capacitor is connected between the first input electrode of the operational amplifier and the output electrode of the operational amplifier.

20. The method of claim 18, wherein compensating the image data based on the first compensation coefficient and the second compensation coefficient comprises: The image data is compensated using the first compensation coefficient and the second compensation coefficient, which are determined during the manufacturing operation of the display device including the display panel and stored in the memory of the display device. The compensation of the image data by modeling the sensing data across the entire grayscale range includes: using the sensing data sensed in real time during at least one of a power-off period and a power-on period to compensate the image data.

Images