Actuation device with movable switching element, vehicle and actuation method

Abstract

The invention relates to an actuating device (3) for mounting on a vehicle component (2), in particular in the form of a door or a flap, having an electrical switching device (30) with at least one electrical switching element (31) for triggering a vehicle function, and a housing unit (10) with at least a first housing part (11) and a second housing part (12), wherein the second housing part (12) is movable relative to the first housing part (11) at least in a partial region from a rest position (I) to an actuating position (II) for actuating the switching element (31), characterized in that the switching element (31) is arranged on the second housing part (12) such that the switching element (31) is moved along with the second housing part (12) as the second housing part (12) is moved from the rest position (I) to the actuating position (II). The invention also relates to a vehicle (1) and to an actuating method (100).

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to actuation devices, vehicles, and actuation methods. Background Technology

[0002] Actuating devices for vehicles are known from the prior art. They are typically mounted on movable parts, such as on a tailgate, so that a user can open the movable part. This opening action is triggered by an electrical switch that outputs an electrical switch signal based on the user's actuation. However, sealing such switches is often complex, especially on the exterior of the vehicle. Furthermore, the actuating device is partially arranged in a recess in the vehicle panel. Therefore, it is desirable to form the actuating device as compactly as possible, and in particular, to form it as flat as possible.

[0003] Typically, the electrical switch is also arranged on a housing component fixed to the vehicle via such an actuation device. Since the housing component that is movable to actuate the corresponding actuation device usually only has a sealing function, additional metal components (especially electromagnetic switches) are usually integrated there to trigger the switch. Summary of the Invention

[0004] One object of the present invention is to at least partially overcome the aforementioned disadvantages known in the prior art. In particular, an object of the present invention is to provide a compact, preferably flat, actuating device with improved actuation function to protect the switching device from environmental influences.

[0005] The aforementioned objectives are achieved by an actuation device having the features of technical solution 1, a vehicle having the features of technical solution 23, and an actuation method having the features of technical solution 24. Further features and details of the invention are given in other technical solutions, descriptions, and drawings. The features and details described in conjunction with the actuation device according to the invention naturally also apply to the vehicle according to the invention and / or the actuation method according to the invention, and vice versa in each case; therefore, all disclosures of various aspects of the invention can always be referred to or cross-referenced.

[0006] According to a first aspect of the invention, an actuation device is provided for installation on vehicle components, particularly in the form of doors or covers. The actuation device has an electrical switching mechanism with at least one switching element for triggering vehicle functions. Furthermore, the actuation device has a housing unit having at least a first housing portion and a second housing portion. The second housing portion is at least partially or completely movable relative to the first housing portion from a rest position to an actuation position for actuating the switching element. It is further specified that the switching element is arranged on the second housing portion such that the switching element moves along with the second housing portion as it moves from the rest position to the actuation position.

[0007] Specifically, the actuation device is designed to trigger vehicle functions due to actuation by a user and / or actuation of a switching device. The actuation device may preferably be arranged on the exterior of a vehicle component. For example, the vehicle component may be a sheet metal part of the vehicle. In particular, the vehicle component may be a movable vehicle component, such as a door, cover, and / or rear door cover. However, it is also possible that the actuation device is arranged on a rigid vehicle component to actuate, for example, a movable vehicle component arranged adjacent to it. In particular, the actuation device may form a pressure switch (especially in conjunction with a vehicle emblem) or a door handle. Furthermore, the actuation device may also be arranged in an interior area of ​​the vehicle.

[0008] The electrical switching device is preferably designed to generate an electrical switching signal when the second housing portion moves from a rest position to an actuated position. The electrical switching element can be, for example, an electrical switch, particularly a microswitch. Alternatively, the electrical switching element can be an electronic component that cooperates with other components to detect actuation. For example, the electrical switching element may include a semiconductor component that outputs an electrical switching signal when actuated by an actuating device. In particular, the switching device may have multiple switching elements to enable control of different vehicle functions and / or expand the range of actuation detectable by the switching device.

[0009] To ensure power supply and / or signal routing for the electrical switching device, the cable used for power supply and / or signal routing for the electrical switching element can move at least partially with the electrical switching element. Furthermore, it is conceivable to design the cable guide to be flexible to enable movement of the electrical switching element. Specifically, if the distance traversed during movement from the rest position to the actuated position is short, a flexible wiring portion can be provided only immediately adjacent to the switching element to enable power supply and / or signal routing for the switching element. In particular, the housing unit may also have an opening for cable routing, which can be arranged in an opening leading to the vehicle's interior space. Inside the vehicle, there may be low levels of moisture tolerable for the function of the switching device.

[0010] The first housing portion and the second housing portion may each have at least one housing element. The first housing element of the first housing portion may be fixed to each other in the connection region with the second housing element of the second housing portion. The first housing portion and the second housing portion may preferably be fixed to each other only in the connection region. During the movement of the second housing portion from the rest position to the actuated position, the second housing element may, for example, move completely or deform in certain regions.

[0011] To actuate the switching element in the actuated position, a trigger element can be provided on the first housing portion, which acts together with the switching element to trigger an electrical switching signal of the switching element. Because the switching element is arranged on the second housing portion and at least partially moves with the second housing portion as it moves from the rest position to the actuated position, the movement of the second housing portion from the rest position to the actuated position can result in a reduction in the distance between the trigger element and the switching element used to actuate the switching element. This movement of the second housing portion from the rest position to the actuated position particularly includes movement toward the first housing portion. When the distance between the trigger element and the switching element is reduced, changes in the electric and / or magnetic fields between the trigger element and the switching element can be advantageously detected, or the switching element can be mechanically actuated. As a result, the actuation device can be designed to be compact and capable of achieving advantageous actuation detection. Preferably, the trigger element can also be used to achieve other functions. For example, the trigger element can be formed from a portion of the vehicle sheet metal of a movable part or another metal component.

[0012] Furthermore, in the actuation device according to the invention, preferably, the first housing portion and the second housing portion at least partially or completely form the internal space of the housing, within which the switching element is arranged. As a result, the switching element can be protected from the external environment (e.g., moisture). The internal space of the housing can be divided into several parts, wherein, for example, the triggering element and the switching element are arranged separately from each other. The internal space of the housing can have a free movement space between the first housing portion and the second housing portion for the second housing portion to move from a rest position to an actuated position. Preferably, during the movement from the rest position to the actuated position, the second housing portion can move at least partially within the free movement space. The free movement space can be limited by an anschlag. The free movement space is preferably designed such that the second housing portion, during its movement from the rest position to the actuated position, at least partially or completely covers an amplitude of less than or equal to 5 mm, preferably less than or equal to 1 mm, and particularly preferably from 0.1 mm to 0.3 mm. As a result, a tastimpuls or stride to the actuation device is sufficient to actuate the switching element.

[0013] Within the scope of this invention, the internal space of the housing preferably extends at least in some areas between the fluid-tight deformation regions for elastic deformation of the second housing portion and the first housing portion. The deformation regions can be mechanically connected to the circumferential connection regions of the first and second housing portions, such that the connection regions can move as the second housing portion moves from a rest position to an actuated position. Specifically, the deformation regions are designed for elastic deformation. As a result, when the second housing portion moves from the actuated position to the rest position, a reset deformation can occur automatically. In the actuated position, the second housing portion can be elastically pre-tensioned, for example, by the deformation regions, thereby automatically returning the second housing portion to the rest position. Because the internal space of the housing extends between the second housing portion and the deformation regions, the deformation regions are particularly located below the second housing portion when viewed from the outside of the actuation device. As a result, lateral installation space can be particularly saved. The connection regions are specifically designed to surround the internal space of the housing and / or the first and / or second housing portions. For example, the connection regions may include connection portions that are regularly or irregularly distributed around the internal space of the housing and / or the first and / or second housing portions. The first and second housing portions are fixed to each other, particularly by means of a connecting portion. The first and / or second housing portions and / or the internal space of the housing preferably have a circular perimeter. Thus, the connecting area can advantageously extend along the circular perimeter. The internal space of the housing can preferably comprise a closed, particularly fluid-tight, volume.

[0014] Due to the mechanical coupling between the deformable region and the circumferential connection region, the second housing portion can be actuated directly or indirectly across the entire surface. The actuating surface is preferably provided by an actuating device, particularly an external actuating surface, the entire surface of which can be used to actuate the switching device. Simultaneously, the actuating device can have a compact shape, i.e., in particular, it can have a shape that is arranged flat on the vehicle component. The deformable region also allows for advantageous mobility of the second housing element. In this case, the internal space of the housing containing the switching element can be protected from environmental influences, at least in certain areas, through the deformable region.

[0015] Furthermore, in the actuation device according to the invention, the connection area is preferably designed for a fluid-tight connection between the first housing portion and the second housing portion, specifically, such that the connection area comprises a circumferentially continuous connection between the first housing portion and the second housing portion. In particular, a fluid-tight connection can be achieved through a continuous connection. Alternatively, a sealing element can be provided that seals any unconnected portions. With a fluid-tight connection, the connection area can completely seal the internal space of the housing circumferentially to protect the switching element from environmental influences. Furthermore, due to the fluid-tight connection, the connection area can, for example, be arranged on the outer circumference of the actuation device.

[0016] Furthermore, in the actuation device according to the invention, the connection area may also include a material connection between the first housing portion and the second housing portion, specifically, the first housing portion is glued or welded to the second housing portion. With this material connection, the internal space of the housing does not require a separate seal, for example, in the form of an elastomer. The connection area can advantageously have a circumferential weld. In this way, both the fixation and reliable sealing of the internal space of the housing at the connection area can be achieved simultaneously. For example, the first housing portion and the second housing portion can be bonded together with sealant or double-sided tape. The first housing portion and the second housing portion are preferably made of plastic. This allows for a simple welded connection. Furthermore, the advantage of the material connection is that the resulting seal provides high process reliability. For example, it can eliminate the possibility of incorrect assembly of additional components (e.g., sealing rings or double-sided tape).

[0017] In the context of this invention, the switching device may also have at least one trigger element for actuating the switching element, wherein the trigger element is arranged on the first housing portion such that the switching element moves toward the trigger element as the second housing portion moves from a rest position to an actuated position. The trigger element may be designed as an electrical relative element of the switching element to actuate the switching element. Alternatively, the trigger element may include a mechanical stop by which the switching element can be mechanically actuated to trigger an electrical switching signal. The trigger element may preferably have at least one other function, such as a sealing function, a reset function for returning the second housing portion to a rest position, and / or similar functions. The trigger element thus enables the switching element to be actuated in a simple manner, particularly without increasing the number of parts.

[0018] Furthermore, in the actuation device according to the invention, the preferred switching device comprises an electromagnetic sensor unit having a conductive conductor element forming a trigger element, the switching element being designed to be electromagnetic, particularly inductive or capacitive, for detecting the conductor element. The switching element preferably comprises a coil. For example, the sensor unit may have one or more LDC (Inductance-to-Digital Converter) sensors. As a result, the distance required for the second housing portion to move from a rest position to an actuated position can be shortened. The conductor element may advantageously comprise metal, particularly metal foil. The conductor element is preferably mechanically coupled to or integrated into the first housing portion. The electromagnetic sensor unit can advantageously be used to detect the movement of the conductor element in an electric field, i.e., by means of changes in the electric field. The detection device may include a measuring device for directly or indirectly measuring the magnitude of the electromagnetic field. The switching device can therefore be an inductive or capacitive sensor unit. Particularly in the case of an inductive sensor unit, the switching element may have multiple switching elements to achieve a large actuation area and / or detection area.

[0019] Alternatively, the switching device may include a detection element for detecting user proximity. Preferably, when the user approaches from a deactivated state (where triggering of vehicle functions is prevented by the switching element), the switching element can enter an activated state (where vehicle functions can be triggered by the switching element) via the detection element. Actuation of the switching element can be prevented in the deactivated state, while actuation can be made possible in the activated state. For this purpose, the electrical connection of the switching element to, for example, the electronic equipment of the vehicle and / or the actuation device is separable. Furthermore, triggering of vehicle functions in the deactivated state can also be prevented by software. The detection element may preferably include a proximity sensor. For example, the proximity sensor may be a capacitive sensor. However, the detection element may also be designed for user authentication. For example, the proximity sensor may include a UWB and / or NFC interface, particularly in the form of an antenna. Alternatively, the detection element may include a Bluetooth interface, particularly in the form of a Bluetooth Low Energy (BLE) interface. By detecting proximity, the probability of false triggering can be reduced, for example, when the vehicle is in motion. Furthermore, the safety of the actuation device can be further improved because it can be manually operated, in particular.

[0020] Furthermore, in the actuation device according to the invention, the switching device preferably has at least two or more electrical switching elements arranged in the actuation direction, so that the actuation process can be achieved by sliding on the actuation device (particularly, along the actuation direction), wherein the switching elements are actuated one after another or simultaneously. For example, multiple switching elements can be arranged in a row to define the actuation direction. The actuation process may include several actuation positions of the second housing portion. In particular, the second housing portion may have different tilt angles in each actuation position, resulting in different distances between the switching elements and the first housing portion and / or the triggering elements assigned to the respective switching elements. In particular, multiple triggering elements may also be arranged on the first housing portion. Complex actuation actions can be identified through the actuation process. Therefore, the recognition of the user's intention can be improved. For example, incorrect recognition and / or unintentional actuation actions can be reduced. Furthermore, different actuation actions can trigger different vehicle functions, such as different actuation directions.

[0021] Preferably, in the actuation device according to the invention, the switching device is arranged on a printed circuit board fixed to a second housing portion, particularly wherein the printed circuit board has electronic equipment for evaluating sensor data of the switching device. The printed circuit board can be fixed to the second housing portion indirectly or directly. The second housing portion preferably has a retaining device to which the printed circuit board is fixed in a form-fitting and / or force-fitting and / or material-fitting manner. In particular, the retaining device can be formed circumferentially around the printed circuit board. For example, the printed circuit board can be clamped in the retaining device. The printed circuit board can extend in the housing interior space or at least partially form the housing interior space together with the first housing portion and the deformable portion. By evaluating the sensor data through electronic equipment in the housing interior space, transmission losses can be kept at a low level or avoided altogether. During the evaluation process, for example, the measurements of the switching device can be parsed and / or digitized by the electronic equipment. False triggering can preferably be identified by evaluation based on measurement data from multiple switching elements of the switching device.

[0022] Furthermore, in the actuation device according to the invention, the printed circuit board is preferably encapsulated with a casting material or covered with a protective varnish. The printed circuit board (especially a printed circuit board with electronic equipment) can be completely embedded in the casting material. For this purpose, a portion of the internal space of the housing can be filled with the casting material. In particular, a safety zone can be formed by the casting material in the internal space of the housing, preferably by the casting material and a second housing portion. In particular, the switching element is arranged in the safety zone. This has the advantage of providing additional protection against environmental impacts, especially against moisture. The casting material can include, for example, resin, especially synthetic resin. The advantage of the protective varnish is that it also provides additional moisture protection. Due to the protective varnish, the internal space of the housing requires very little space. The casting material or protective varnish can extend the service life of the printed circuit board and / or electronic equipment. The casting material or protective varnish can be arranged between the printed circuit board and the first housing portion and / or the second housing portion.

[0023] Furthermore, in the actuation device according to the invention, the first housing portion preferably has a covering element that forms a connecting portion of the connecting area. The connecting portion of the connecting area can form a connecting area with the connecting portion of the second housing portion. The covering element preferably has a connecting portion. In particular, the vehicle-side housing half of the housing unit can be formed by the covering element. The covering element preferably has a connecting interface for connecting the actuation device to the vehicle component. In particular, the covering element can be screwed onto the vehicle component. This allows the actuation device to be securely fixed to the vehicle component. The fixing device (e.g., a screw) can thus be mounted on the covering element through the internal space of the housing, making the fixing device advantageously invisible from the outside of the second housing portion. The covering element can be made of the same material or as a multi-component plastic injection molded part. For example, the covering element can have flexible components in the deformable area to enable or facilitate deformation.

[0024] Furthermore, in the actuation device according to the invention, the covering element may form a deformable region, particularly whereby the covering element can apply a restoring force to resist movement of the second housing portion from a rest position to an actuated position. For example, the covering element may have an elastically deformable plastic and / or a flexible shape to form the deformable region. The covering element may preferably have a thickness of less than 2 mm, particularly preferably less than 1 mm, in the deformable region. This allows for elastic deformation around the entire housing portion (particularly over the entire circumference of the deformable region). The restoring force can enable or support the automatic return of the second housing portion to the rest position.

[0025] Furthermore, in the actuation device according to the invention, the housing unit may have an elastic element for applying a restoring force to resist movement of the second housing portion from a rest position to an actuated position, particularly wherein the elastic element is arranged within the internal space of the housing. The elastic element may advantageously be made of elastic steel or elastic plastic. For example, the elastic element may be a leaf spring. The elastic element may be formed separately from the deformation region. In particular, the restoring force may act additionally to the restoring force of the deformation region. However, it is also possible for the elastic element to form the deformation region. The elastic element may be integrated into the first housing portion or the second housing portion, i.e., in particular, it may be a part of either the first or the second housing portion. Furthermore, the elastic element may extend circumferentially around the internal space of the housing and / or the covering element. The second housing portion can be automatically moved back to the rest position by the elastic element. If the elastic element and the deformation region can be respectively subjected to separate restoring forces, the resulting stiffness can have a favorable effect on the actuation behavior of the second housing portion.

[0026] In the actuation device according to the invention, the elastic element may also form a conductive element of the switching device, particularly wherein the switching element can detect the shortening of the distance between the elastic element and the switching element when the second housing portion moves from the rest position to the actuated position. The elastic element preferably has a conductive elastic material or is made of a conductive elastic material. Therefore, the elastic element can be part of an electromagnetic sensor unit. The change in the electric field and / or magnetic field caused by the shortening of the distance can be detected by the switching element. This means, for example, that no additional conductive element is required. In this way, a reduction in the number of parts can be achieved, thereby reducing the complexity of the actuation device.

[0027] In the actuation device according to the invention, the connection region may preferably have an elastic element extending circumferentially within the connection region, particularly around the central region of the actuation device. The elastic element may advantageously be part of a first housing portion. The elastic element may preferably form a fluid-tight, elastically deformable housing surface. The housing surface formed by the elastic element may particularly face the vehicle side. The elastic element may particularly form a deformable region of a second housing portion. As a result, the actuation device can be manufactured compactly and achieve a reliable seal with very few components.

[0028] In the actuation device according to the invention, the elastic element may preferably be connected to the second housing portion in a form-fitting and / or material-fitting manner. Specifically, the elastic element may be partially embedded or clamped in the housing material of the second housing portion, or the elastic element may be glued to the second housing portion by a sealant. As a result, the elastic element can form a connecting portion of the connection area. For example, the elastic element may be partially encapsulated in a region of the housing material having the second housing portion. Alternatively, the elastic element may be clamped in the housing material of the second housing portion. Additionally or alternatively, the elastic element may be connected to the second housing portion by a sealant, particularly a sealant in the form of a sealing strip. The form-fitting and / or material-fitting connection of the elastic element to the second housing portion enables a reliable connection between the elastic element and the second housing portion, thereby achieving a reliable connection between the first housing portion and the second housing portion. Furthermore, this allows for an advantageous seal of the internal space of the housing, particularly eliminating the need for additional seals.

[0029] Furthermore, in the actuation device according to the invention, the housing unit may have a positioning device by which the rest position of the second housing portion can be fixed, particularly in a form-fit manner. As a result, the second housing portion can advantageously be moved from the rest position to the actuated position for further actuation. The positioning device may advantageously include a stop for the second housing portion and a relative stop for the first housing portion. In the rest position, the stop can strike the relative stop to stop the resetting movement of the second housing portion. In particular, the positioning device may be designed to allow the second housing portion to move only in the direction of the actuated position when it is in the rest position. The positioning device may advantageously include a latching connection. As a result, the installation of the actuation device can be simplified. For example, the first and second housing portions can be locked to each other by the positioning device. This can reduce the stress on the connection area caused by the resetting force.

[0030] Furthermore, in the actuation device according to the invention, it is also possible, preferably, to arrange an intermediate element between the first housing portion and the second housing portion, through which the restoring force of the elastic element can be transmitted to the second housing portion and / or at least one positioning element having a positioning device in the intermediate element. The positioning element can, for example, be a stop device of the second housing portion. The intermediate element can serve as an adapter to establish an effective connection between the first housing portion and the second housing portion, except for the connection area. In this way, for example, the molded parts of the second housing portion can be designed in a simplified manner to reduce their manufacturing costs. Furthermore, the intermediate element can achieve a geometry favorable for force transmission, and particularly independently of the manufacturing methods of other components. The intermediate element is preferably fixed to the first housing portion and / or the second housing portion. In particular, the intermediate element can be arranged within the internal space of the housing. This means, for example, that an intermediate element is not required to help seal the internal space of the housing.

[0031] In the actuation device according to the invention, the illumination unit, preferably for the illumination actuation device, may be arranged at least partially or completely within the housing space. The illumination unit can improve the visibility of the actuation device, especially in darkness. Furthermore, the illumination unit can serve as an indicator to the user that the illuminated area on the vehicle is the actuation device. This allows for intuitive operation of the actuation device. The illumination unit may include one or more light-emitting devices, particularly in the form of one or more LEDs. Because the illumination unit is arranged within the housing space, it can be advantageously protected from environmental influences. For example, the illumination unit may be arranged on a printed circuit board and / or on a supporting element of the first housing portion.

[0032] In the actuation device according to the invention, the second housing portion may also have a light conductor (Lichtleiter) for guiding light emitted by the lighting unit, particularly wherein the light conductor has a light emitting surface designed for circumferential illumination of the actuation device and circumferentially surrounding the second housing portion. Specifically, the second housing portion may be formed of the light conductor. The light conductor may be a housing element that is at least partially transparent to the second housing portion. In this case, the light conductor may form a connecting portion of the connecting area. Specifically, the light emitting surface may be formed on the edge of the connecting area. This allows for advantageous use of the mounting space, where light can advantageously propagate to the outside. Furthermore, the annular light emitting surface enables advantageous illumination of the actuation device, wherein the actuation surface is located in a central illumination area that is particularly unilluminated itself. As a result, a visual reference to the actuation device on the vehicle can be created. Furthermore, for example, signs, guides, and / or vehicle markings may be arranged in the central area without directly affecting signs, indicators, and / or vehicle markings.

[0033] Furthermore, in the actuation device according to the invention, the second housing portion preferably has a vehicle mark forming an actuating surface for triggering movement of the second housing portion from a rest position to an actuated position. Specifically, the vehicle mark is entirely located on the exterior of the actuation device. In particular, the vehicle mark can be arranged on the light conductor and / or the housing element of the second housing portion. The vehicle mark thus provides a visual indication of the actuating surface to the user. Furthermore, an area on the vehicle can thus be used for actuation, having a different component from the vehicle part on which the actuation device can be mounted. The light emitting surface can be arranged, in particular, on the edge of the connecting area. In particular, the direction of the light emitting surface can be at least substantially or completely parallel to the surface of the vehicle component. The vehicle mark can completely cover the interior space of the housing and / or the first housing portion, so that only the vehicle mark is visible when the actuation device is mounted on the vehicle component. The vehicle mark allows the actuation device to advantageously adapt to the optics of the vehicle and, in particular, provides additional protection against contamination.

[0034] In the actuation device according to the invention, the housing may also have a compensating element for air exchange with the environment, particularly arranged on a cable guide for the switching device and / or printed circuit board. This allows for a reduction in the volume of the internal space of the housing, especially beyond the compressibility of the air within the housing. The compensating element can be designed as a valve. For example, the compensating element may include a sealing lip that allows air exchange even in cases of overpressure and / or underpressure within the housing. The cable guide connects the actuation device to the vehicle interior and / or to functional elements for vehicle functions that can be actuated by the actuation device, such as locks for opening and / or closing vehicle components. Specifically, the switching device and / or printed circuit board can be powered via cables from the cable guide. This reduces the likelihood of dust entering the internal space of the housing. Furthermore, negative and / or overpressure caused by environmental conditions (e.g., vehicle driving behavior or temperature fluctuations) can be compensated for by the compensating element.

[0035] According to another aspect of the invention, a vehicle is provided. The vehicle includes vehicle components, particularly vehicle components in the form of doors or covers. Furthermore, an actuation device according to the invention for triggering vehicle functions is arranged on the vehicle components.

[0036] Therefore, the vehicle according to the invention has the same advantages as those already described in detail with reference to the actuation device according to the invention. The vehicle is, in particular, a motor vehicle, preferably in the form of an electric or hybrid vehicle. The advantageous sealing of the actuation device simplifies the electrification of vehicle functions. The actuation device according to the invention, especially one with a compact design, can further improve the appearance of the vehicle and / or save interior installation space. The vehicle components are preferably external vehicle components and / or body components.

[0037] According to another aspect of the present invention, an actuation method is provided for triggering a vehicle function of a vehicle by means of an actuation device (particularly an actuation device according to the present invention), wherein the actuation device has at least a first housing portion and a second housing portion, and the aforementioned actuation method includes the following steps:

[0038] An electrical switching element of an actuating electrical switching device is used to trigger a vehicle function by moving a second housing portion containing the switching element from a rest position to an actuating position.

[0039] The second housing portion springs back to its original position when the switching element is in a stationary position.

[0040] Therefore, the actuation method according to the invention has the same advantages as those already described in detail with reference to the actuation device and / or vehicle according to the invention. The vehicle can be a vehicle according to the invention. The second housing portion can be elastically reset via a deformable region and / or an additional elastic element. Actuation of the switching element is preferably achieved by induction. Proximity can be detected before the switching element is actuated, depending on the switching element being brought into an active state in which vehicle functions (particularly the actuation of the switching element) are enabled. The switching element is actuated, particularly by the movement of the second housing portion. If the circumferential connecting area moves with the movement of the second housing portion, the user can actuate across the entire surface. As a result, the actuation of the actuation device can be simplified. Furthermore, a compact design of the actuation device is possible by coupling the connecting area with the deformable region. Attached Figure Description

[0041] Other advantages, features, and details of the invention will become apparent from the following description, in which exemplary embodiments of the invention are described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. Features mentioned in the claims and description may be essential to the invention individually or in any combination. They schematically show:

[0042] Figure 1 A first exemplary embodiment of the actuation device according to the present invention is shown in cross-sectional view.

[0043] Figure 2 The actuation device is shown in a simplified exploded diagram.

[0044] Figure 3 The actuation device is shown in a partially enlarged cross-sectional view.

[0045] Figure 4 The operational connections of the housing unit of the actuator are shown.

[0046] Figure 5 A vehicle with an actuation device according to the present invention is shown.

[0047] Figure 6 The method for triggering vehicle functions via an actuation device according to the present invention is illustrated with schematic diagrams of the method steps.

[0048] Figure 7 The actuation device according to the invention is shown in a partially enlarged cross-sectional view in the second exemplary embodiment.

[0049] Figure 8 The operational connections of the housing unit of the actuator in the second exemplary embodiment are shown.

[0050] Figure 9 In another exemplary embodiment, a partially enlarged cross-sectional view shows the actuation device according to the invention, and

[0051] Figure 10a , Figure 10b Different actuation positions of the actuation device for achieving actuation according to the first embodiment are shown.

[0052] In the following description of some exemplary embodiments of the present invention, the same reference numerals are used for the same technical features in different exemplary embodiments. Detailed Implementation

[0053] Figure 1 An actuation device 3 according to the invention is shown, which is specifically mounted on vehicle component 2 of vehicle 1 according to the invention. Vehicle 1 having the actuation device 3... Figure 1 As shown in the diagram, vehicle component 2 is a movable vehicle component in the form of a tailgate. However, it is also possible that the actuation device 3 can be mounted on another vehicle component, such as a side door, or installed in the vehicle's interior space. The actuation device 3 can, for example, form a door handle of vehicle 1 or be integrated into a door handle. The actuation device 3 is used to electrically trigger vehicle functions of vehicle 1. For example, vehicle component 2 can be opened by actuating the actuation device 3. The actuation device 3 can preferably be fixed to vehicle component 2 by a fastening device 4, preferably screwed onto vehicle component 2. Figure 6 The diagram illustrates, in a schematic sequence, an actuation method 100 for triggering vehicle functions via an actuation device 3.

[0054] like Figure 1As shown, the actuating device 3 has an electrical switching device 30 with multiple switching elements 31 for triggering vehicle functions. Alternatively, the actuating device 3 may have only one switching element 31 instead of multiple switching elements 31. The switching element 31 is arranged in the housing interior space 13 on the second housing portion 12. The housing interior space 13 is formed by the first housing portion 11 and the second housing portion 12 of the housing unit 10 of the actuating device 3. As a result, the switching element 31 is protected from environmental factors such as dust and / or moisture. Furthermore, the switching element 31 is embedded in the casting material 18, thereby forming a further moisture-proof safety area within the housing interior space 13.

[0055] In order to actuate the switching element 31 101, the second housing portion 12 of the housing unit 10 can move relative to the first housing portion 11 from the rest position I to the actuation position II, at least in some regions. Actuation position II is... Figure 1 As shown in the diagram, when the second housing portion 12 moves, it moves at least partially into the free movement space 16 of the housing interior space 13, thereby reducing the distance between the first housing portion 11 and the second housing portion 12 in the region of the housing interior space 13. For this purpose, the actuating device 3 has an actuating surface 51 on its outer side 3.1, on which the user can apply pressure to move the second housing portion 12 from a rest position I to an actuated position II. The second housing portion 12 has a vehicle marking 50 forming the outer side 3.1 and the actuating surface 51. Specifically, only the outer side 3.1 of the actuating device 3 is visible from outside the vehicle 1.

[0056] The first housing portion 11 also has a fluid-tight deformable region 14, which elastically deforms during the movement of the second housing portion 12 from the rest position I to the actuated position II. For the fluid-tight construction of the deformable region 14, the first housing portion 11 has a shell-shaped covering element 11.2, such as... Figure 2 A simplified exploded view is shown. The internal space 13 of the housing also extends in some areas between the second housing portion 12 and the deformable region 14. The deformable region 14 is specifically arranged between the vehicle component 2 and the second housing portion 12, which enables a compact design of the actuation device 3. The covering element 11.2 may be made of the same material or may have a flexible component 14.1 in the deformable region 14.

[0057] Furthermore, the first housing portion 11 and the second housing portion 12 are fluid-tightly connected to each other in a connection region 15, which extends particularly around the housing interior space 13. Preferably, the connection region 15 is designed to be circumferentially continuous and includes a material connection between the first housing portion 11 and the second housing portion 12. For example, the first housing portion 11 and the second housing portion 12 may be welded or glued to each other in the connection region 15 to provide a continuous circumferential seal for the housing interior space 13, ensuring that it is located within the connection region 15. The deformable region 14 and the connection region 15 are also mechanically coupled to each other, so that as the second housing portion 12 moves from the rest position I to the actuated position II, the connection region 15 can move accordingly with the deformation of the deformable region 14. The covering element 11.2 forms the connection portion 15.1 between the deformable region 14 and the connection region 15. Therefore, the user can actuate the entire area using the actuation surface 51 of the actuation device 3. Depending on the configuration of the switch device 30, it is not important whether the user presses the outer side 3.1 only in a specific area, which simplifies the operation of the actuator 3.

[0058] The housing unit 10 also has an elastic element 19, which applies a restoring force 201 to the second housing portion 12 as it moves from the rest position I to the actuated position II. The elastic element 19 can be designed as a plate. Preferably, the elastic element 19 includes a plurality of elastic regions 19.1 to achieve a circumferential elastic effect. The interaction between the first housing portion 11 and the second housing portion 12 and the elastic element 19 and the deformation region 14... Figure 1 As shown in the diagram, the deformable region 14 and the elastic element 19 have particularly different elastic stiffnesses. The total elastic force 200 is formed by the restoring force 202 of the deformable region 14 and the restoring force 201 of the elastic element 19. This allows the second housing portion 12 to automatically and elastically return 102 to the rest position I, especially when the user has released the pressure on the second housing portion 12. Furthermore, this allows for an advantageous rigidity of the actuating device 3, especially during actuation. To secure the second housing portion 12 in the non-actuated state of the rest position I, particularly in a form-fitting manner, the housing unit 10 also has a positioning device 21. This is preferably a latching connection, wherein the positioning element 21.1 in the form of a stop of the second housing portion 12 rests against the positioning element 21.1 in the form of a relative stop of the second housing portion 12 in the rest position I. To enable air exchange between the internal space 13 of the housing and the surrounding environment, the compensating element 23 can be integrated into or arranged on the cable guide for wiring 24. As an alternative to the compensating element 23, for example, an opening leading to the interior space of the vehicle can be provided, such that the wiring 24 is preferably free to move within the opening area.

[0059] The switching device 30 includes an electromagnetic sensor unit, particularly in the form of an LDC sensor. An elastic element 19 is arranged within the housing interior space 13 and forms a trigger element 32, which is a conductive element for triggering the switching element 31 of the switching device 30. The switching element 31 is also designed to detect the conductive element electromagnetically, particularly inductively. Alternatively, for example, it can be capacitively sensed. As the second housing portion 12 moves from a rest position I to an actuated position II, the switching element 31 moves toward the elastic element 19, resulting in a change in the distance between the switching element 31 and the elastic element 19. The resulting change in the electric and / or magnetic field can be detected by the switching element 31. To evaluate the sensor data from the switching device 30, a printed circuit board 17 with electronics for evaluating the sensor data from the switching device 30 is also arranged within the housing interior space 13. The switching element 31 is preferably arranged on the side of the printed circuit board 17 facing the first housing portion 11. A printed circuit board 17 is arranged on a retaining device 12.1, which extends specifically around the printed circuit board 17 and is encapsulated with a potting compound 18. As a complement to or alternative to the potting compound 18, the switching element 31 and / or the printed circuit board 17 may be covered with a protective varnish. Therefore, the electronic equipment can be protected from environmental influences in particular. Sensor data can be evaluated or pre-evaluated by the electronic equipment. For example, the electronic equipment can be designed to detect errors and / or digitize sensor signals.

[0060] The switching device 30 preferably also includes an erfassungselement 33 for detecting the approach of a user (101.1), by which the switching element 31 can be brought from the inactive state 210 to the active state 211 when the user approaches. Alternatively, the erfassungselement 33 may be formed by a module separate from the switching device 30. In the inactive state 210, in particular, manual actuation of the switching element 31 by moving the second housing portion 12 from the rest position I to the actuation position II is prevented, preferably electronically. Thus, it is conceivable that triggering of vehicle functions is prevented in the inactive state 210. For example, the switching element 31 may be electrically deactivated and / or electrically deactivated in the inactive state 210. In the active state 211, the switching element 31 can be operated. The erfassungselement 33 may include, for example, a UWB or NFC interface, particularly in the form of an antenna, to detect the approach of a user to the actuation device 3. Specifically, the user's proximity is detected 101.1 and the switching element 31 is switched from the inactive state 210 to the active state 211 before the switching element 31 is actuated 101.

[0061] Figure 10a and Figure 10bDifferent actuation states 220 and 221 are also shown, which the second housing portion 12 can enter by sliding on the actuation device 3. Switching elements 31 are preferably arranged along the actuation direction 212 so that actuation can be generated by sliding on the actuation device 3, wherein the switching elements 31 are actuated one after another. If the user initiates their actuation action at the outer edge of the outer side 3.1, the second housing portion 12 can be tilted by deforming more in the actuation area through the first housing portion 11 than on the opposite side. As a result, the distance between the switching elements 31 and the elastic element 19 is different. If the user then continues their actuation action along the actuation direction 212, such as... Figure 10b As shown, the second housing portion 12 is aligned and the distance between the switching element 31 and the elastic element 19 changes accordingly. Based on the distance between the switching elements 31, the presence of [something] can be detected. Figure 10a First actuation state 220 or according to Figure 10b The second actuation state 221. As a result, more complex actuation processes can be performed.

[0062] Furthermore, an illumination unit 40 for illuminating the actuator 3 is arranged within the housing interior space 13. The illumination unit 40 includes at least one light source 43, for example in the form of an LED, arranged within the housing interior space 13, preferably on a printed circuit board 17. Specifically, the light source 43 is arranged on the side of the printed circuit board 17 facing the second housing portion 12. Additionally, the illumination unit 40 includes a light conductor 41, designed as a transparent housing element of the second housing portion 12. The light conductor 41 also has a circumferential light-emitting surface 42 for circumferentially illuminating the actuator 3 around the second housing portion 12. In particular, the light-emitting surface 42 is arranged at the edge of the connection area 15. As a result, an aura can be generated around the vehicle emblem 50 without the user noticing the illumination unit 40.

[0063] Figure 7 An actuation device 3 is shown in another exemplary embodiment, specifically mounted on a vehicle component 2 of a vehicle 1 according to the invention. The vehicle 1 may be, according to... Figure 5Vehicle 1. The actuation device 3 is particularly similar in design to the actuation device 3. In order to enable the second housing portion 12 to move from the rest position I to the actuation position II to actuate the electrical switching device 30, the first housing portion 11 has an annular elastic element 19, which forms a fluid-tight deformation region 14 of the first housing portion 11. For example, the elastic element 19 may be designed in the form of a ring. In addition, the elastic element 19 is encapsulated by the carrier element 11.1 of the first housing portion 11 and the second housing portion 12. The printed circuit board 17 is disposed directly on the carrier element 11.1. As a result, the elastic element 19 (particularly the portion of the elastic element 19 that is firmly connected to the second housing portion 12) forms a connection portion 15.1 for connecting the first housing portion 11 and the second housing portion 12 in an integral connection region 15. Additionally or alternatively, a sealing device 20 may be provided to seal the connection region 15 and / or achieve material bonding. Figure 8 As shown, when the second housing portion 12 is in the actuated position II, the elastic element 19 applies a restoring force 201 to the second housing portion 12.

[0064] To trigger the vehicle functions of vehicle 1, the electrical switching device 30 further includes an electromagnetic sensor unit having at least one trigger element 32 in the form of a conductive conductor and at least one switching element 31 disposed on the second housing portion 12. The conductor element 32 is integrated into or disposed on the first housing portion 11. As a result, as the second housing portion 12 moves from the rest position I to the actuated position II, the distance between the conductor element and the switching element 31 decreases. The decrease in distance can be detected by the switching element 31 in an inductive or capacitive manner. An intermediate element 22 is also disposed between the first housing portion 11 and the second housing portion 12 and has a positioning element 21.1 with a positioning device 21 for reliably shape-locking the second housing portion 12 in the rest position I. As a result, the second housing portion 12 can have a shape that is easy to manufacture and / or the switching element 31 can be fixed between the intermediate element 22 and the second housing portion 12. In particular, the intermediate element 22 is fixed to the second housing portion 12 in the housing interior space 13.

[0065] Figure 9 An actuation device 3 is shown in another exemplary embodiment, which is particularly mounted on a vehicle component 2 of a vehicle 1 according to the invention. The vehicle 1 may be, according to... Figure 5 Vehicle 1. Figure 9 The actuator 3 of the embodiment basically corresponds to Figure 7 The actuator 3 of the embodiment. However, according to Figure 9The cover element 11.2 of the first housing portion 11 forms a connecting portion 15.1 of the fluid-tight deformation region 14 and the connecting region 15, for connecting the first housing portion 11 to the second housing portion 12 of the housing unit 10 of the actuator 3. The cover element 11.2 may be made of the same material or designed as a two-component plastic injection molded part and has a flexible component 14.1 in the deformation region 14. Furthermore, the actuator 3 has an elastic element 19 in the housing interior space 13, which is thus protected by the housing unit 10, wherein the housing interior space 13 is formed by the first housing portion 11 and the second housing portion 12. When the second housing portion 12 moves from the rest position I to the actuated position II to actuate the electrical switching device 30, this results in... Figure 4 Its elastic behavior.

[0066] The above explanation of the embodiments describes the invention only in the context of examples. Of course, the various features of the embodiments can be freely combined with each other without departing from the scope of the invention, provided that they are technically reasonable.

[0067] Figure Labels

[0068] 1 vehicle

[0069] 2 Vehicle components

[0070] 3 Actuation device

[0071] 3.1 Outer side

[0072] 4. Fixing device

[0073] 10. Shell Unit

[0074] 11 First shell section

[0075] 11.1 Bearing element

[0076] 11.2 Covering Components

[0077] 12 Second shell section

[0078] 12.1 Holding device

[0079] 13. Internal space of the shell

[0080] 14 Deformation Area

[0081] 15 Connecting Area

[0082] 15.1 Connection Part

[0083] 16 Free movement space

[0084] 17 Printed Circuit Boards

[0085] 18 Castable Refractory

[0086] 19. Elastic elements

[0087] 19.1 Flexible Area

[0088] 20 Sealing device

[0089] 21 Positioning Device

[0090] 21.1 Positioning elements

[0091] 22 intermediate components

[0092] 23 Compensation Components

[0093] 24 wiring

[0094] 30 Switching device

[0095] 31 Switching elements

[0096] 32. Triggering elements, especially conductor elements

[0097] 33 Detection elements

[0098] 40 lighting units

[0099] 41 Optical Conductor

[0100] 42 Light exit surface

[0101] 43 Light Source

[0102] 50 Vehicle Markings

[0103] 51 Actuated Surface

[0104] 100 Actuation Method

[0105] 101 Actuation

[0106] 102 Reset

[0107] 200 Total Force

[0108] 201 Resilience force from 19

[0109] 202 Resilience force from 14

[0110] 210 Inactive state

[0111] 211 Activation Status

[0112] 212 Actuation direction

[0113] 220 First dynamic state

[0114] 221 Second Actuation State

[0115] I. Stationary position

[0116] II Actuation Position

Claims

1. An actuating device (3) for mounting on a vehicle component (2) in the form of a door or cover, the actuating device being arranged on the outside of the vehicle component and having a shape of being arranged flatly on the vehicle component, having: The electrical switching device (30) has at least one electrical switching element (31) for triggering vehicle functions; and The housing unit (10) has at least a first housing portion (11) and a second housing portion (12). in, The second housing portion (12) moves from the rest position (I) to the actuated position (II) to actuate the switching element (31), which is able to move relative to the first housing portion (11) at least in a partial area. Its features are, A switching element (31) is disposed on the second housing portion (12) such that the switching element (31) moves along with the second housing portion (12) as it moves from the rest position (I) to the actuated position (II). The switching device (30) has at least one trigger element (32) for actuating the switching element (31), wherein the trigger element (32) is disposed on the first housing portion (11) such that the switching element (31) moves toward the trigger element (32) as the second housing portion (12) moves from the rest position (I) to the actuated position (II). The internal space (13) of the housing extends at least partially between the fluid-tight deformation region (14) of the second housing portion (12) and the first housing portion (11), which is mechanically connected to the circumferential connection region (15) of the first housing portion (11) and the second housing portion (12) so that the connection region can move as the second housing portion (12) moves from the rest position (I) to the actuated position (II). Viewed from the outside of the actuating device, the deformation region is located below the second housing portion. The second housing portion (12) has a vehicle mark (50) forming an actuation surface (51) for forming an actuation surface that triggers the movement of the second housing portion (12) from a rest position (I) to an actuation position (II), wherein the vehicle mark (50) forms the outer side (3.1) of the actuation device (3).

2. The actuation device (3) according to claim 1, Its features are, The first housing portion (11) and the second housing portion (12) at least partially form the housing interior space (13), in which the switching element (31) is arranged.

3. The actuation device (3) according to any one of the preceding claims. Its features are, The connection region (15) is designed for a fluid-tight connection between the first housing portion (11) and the second housing portion (12), wherein the connection region (15) includes a circumferential continuous connection between the first housing portion (11) and the second housing portion (12).

4. The actuation device (3) according to claim 1. Its features are, The connection area (15) includes a material connection between a first housing portion (11) and a second housing portion (12), wherein the first housing portion (11) is glued or welded to the second housing portion (12).

5. The actuation device (3) according to claim 1. Its features are, The switching device (30) has at least one trigger element (32) for actuating the switching element (31), wherein the trigger element (32) is arranged on the first housing portion (11) such that the switching element (31) moves toward the trigger element (32) as the second housing portion (12) moves from the rest position (I) to the actuated position (II).

6. The actuation device (3) according to claim 1. Its features are, The switching device (30) includes an electromagnetic sensor unit having a conductive conductor element that forms a trigger element (32), thereby enabling the switching element (31) to detect the conductor element electromagnetically, inductively, or capacitively.

7. The actuation device (3) according to claim 1. Its features are, The switching device (30) includes a detection element (33) for detecting the approach of a user, by which the switching element (31) moves from an inactive state (210) to an active state (211) when the user approaches. In the inactive state (210), the triggering of vehicle functions by the switching element (31) is prevented, and in the active state (211), the triggering of vehicle functions by the switching element (31) becomes possible.

8. The actuation device (3) according to claim 1. Its features are, The switching device (30) has at least two electrical switching elements (31) arranged in the actuation direction (212) such that actuation can be generated by sliding on the actuation device (3), wherein the switching elements (31) are actuated one after another and / or actuated individually.

9. The actuation device (3) according to claim 1. Its features are, The switching device (30) is arranged on a printed circuit board (17) fixed to the second housing part (12), and the printed circuit board (17) has electronic equipment for evaluating sensor data from the switching device (30).

10. The actuation device (3) according to claim 9. Its features are, The printed circuit board (17) is encapsulated with casting material (18) or covered with protective varnish.

11. The actuation device (3) according to claim 1. Its features are, The first housing portion (11) has a covering element (11.2) that forms a connecting portion (15.1) of the connecting region (15).

12. The actuation device (3) according to claim 11. Its features are, The cover element (11.2) forms a deformable region (14), thereby applying a restoring force (202) to resist the movement of the second housing portion (12) from the rest position (I) to the actuated position (II).

13. The actuation device (3) according to claim 1. Its features are, The housing unit (10) has an elastic element (19) for applying a restoring force (201) to resist the movement of the second housing part (12) from the rest position (I) to the actuated position (II), and the elastic element (19) is arranged in the housing interior space (13).

14. The actuation device (3) according to claim 13. Its features are, The elastic element (19) forms the trigger element (32) of the switching device (30). When the second housing part (12) moves from the rest position (I) to the actuated position (II), the shortening of the distance between the elastic element (19) and the switching element (31) is detected by the switching element (31).

15. The actuation device (3) according to claim 13. Its features are, The connecting region (15) has an elastic element (19) that extends circumferentially in the connecting region (15).

16. The actuation device (3) according to claim 13. Its features are, The elastic element (19) is shaped and / or materially connected to the second housing portion (12), wherein the elastic element (19) is partially embedded or sandwiched in the housing material of the second housing portion (12), or wherein the elastic element (19) is bonded to the second housing portion (12) by a sealing device (20).

17. The actuation device (3) according to claim 1. Its features are, The housing unit (10) has a positioning device (21) by which the rest position (I) of the second housing part (12) is determined, i.e., in a form-fitting manner.

18. The actuation device (3) according to claim 13, Its features are, An intermediate element (22) is arranged between the first housing part (11) and the second housing part (12) to transmit the restoring force (201) of the elastic element (19) to the second housing part (12) and / or the intermediate element (22) has at least one positioning element (21.1) with a positioning device (21).

19. The actuation device (3) according to claim 1. Its features are, The lighting unit (40) for illuminating the actuator (3) is arranged in the internal space (13) of the housing.

20. The actuation device (3) according to claim 19. Its features are, The second housing portion (12) has a light conductor (41) for guiding light from the lighting unit (40), wherein the light conductor (41) has a light emitting surface (42) surrounding the second housing portion for forming illumination around the actuation device (3) around the second housing portion (12).

21. The actuation device (3) according to claim 1, Its features are, The internal space (13) of the housing has a compensating element (23) for air exchange with the environment, wherein the compensating element (23) is arranged on the cable guide for the switching device (30) and / or the printed circuit board (17).

22. A vehicle (1) having: Vehicle components (2), namely in the form of doors or covers, Its features are, An actuation device (3) for triggering the vehicle function of the vehicle (1) is arranged on the vehicle component (2) according to any one of the preceding claims.

23. An actuation method (100) for triggering a vehicle function of a vehicle (1) by means of an actuation device (3), said actuation device (3) having at least a first housing portion (11) and a second housing portion (12) according to any one of claims 1 to 21, said actuation method (100) comprising the following steps: - Actuation (101) of the electrical switching element (31) of the electrical switching device (30) for moving the second housing portion (12) with the switching element (31) from the rest position (I) to the actuated position (II). - The second housing portion (12) with the switching element (31) is elastically reset (102) to the rest position (I).

Images