A heating system and a control method thereof

Abstract

The present invention discloses a heating system and a control method thereof, wherein the heating system includes a battery module and a capacitor module, the number of capacitors in the capacitor module is greater than the number of battery packs in the battery module, the capacitors in the capacitor module and the battery packs in the battery module are arranged together in a circular ring, and two adjacent devices in the heating system are connected by the same controllable switch element, and the controllable switch element can respectively realize the parallel connection and series connection of the two adjacent devices in different connection states, so that when all the controllable switch elements are in a first connection state, the battery module and each capacitor are in a parallel state, and when all the controllable switch elements are in a second connection state, the battery module and each capacitor are in a parallel state. The topological structure of the above-mentioned heating system can avoid the situation that the battery is overcharged or over-discharged during the heating process, and realize a safe low-temperature heating function.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to battery heating technology, and more particularly to a heating system and a control method thereof. Background Art

[0002] Against the backdrop of energy demand and carbon emission reduction targets, new energy vehicles, especially electric vehicles, are becoming a key development direction for future vehicles. The primary power system for electric vehicles is lithium-ion batteries. However, in low-temperature environments, lithium-ion batteries experience increased internal resistance and decreased capacity, which in turn affects the vehicle's range. Furthermore, charging lithium-ion batteries in low-temperature environments is prone to lithium deposition, which reduces their safety. Therefore, low-temperature heating of lithium-ion batteries is necessary.

[0003] Currently, one method for heating lithium-ion batteries at low temperatures is internal heating. This method typically applies an electric current to the lithium-ion battery, exploiting its high impedance at low temperatures to generate a large amount of heat through electrochemical reactions within the battery. Internal heating typically utilizes a circuit composed of components such as capacitors and MOS transistors to achieve battery heating. However, existing circuits have topological defects that can lead to overcharging and over-discharging during internal heating, posing a safety hazard to the battery pack. Summary of the Invention

[0004] In view of this, the present invention provides the following technical solutions:

[0005] A heating system includes a battery module and a capacitor module, wherein the battery module includes at least one battery pack, the capacitor module includes at least two capacitors, the number of capacitors in the capacitor module is greater than the number of battery packs in the battery module, and the capacitors in the capacitor module and the battery packs in the battery module are arranged in a ring shape;

[0006] Adjacent battery groups in the battery module, adjacent capacitors in the capacitor module, and adjacent battery groups and capacitors are all connected through the same controllable switching elements. The controllable switching elements can respectively realize parallel and series connection of two adjacent devices in different connection states, so that when all controllable switching elements are in the first connection state, all devices are in parallel state, and when all controllable switching elements are in the second connection state, all devices are in series state, wherein the capacitors in the capacitor module and the battery groups in the battery module are collectively referred to as devices.

[0007] Optionally, the controllable switch element includes three branches, each branch includes a controllable switch, the first branch connects the first ends of two adjacent devices, the second branch connects the second ends of the two adjacent devices, and the third branch connects the first end of the first device of the two adjacent devices and the second end of the second device of the two adjacent devices.

[0008] A method for controlling a heating system, applied to any of the above-mentioned heating systems, comprising:

[0009] Get the temperature of the battery module;

[0010] If the temperature of the battery module is lower than a set value, controlling all controllable switch elements in the heating system to alternate between a first connection state and a second connection state, so that alternating current is generated in the battery module to heat the battery module;

[0011] It is detected that the temperature of the battery module reaches the set value, and all the controllable switch elements are controlled to be disconnected.

[0012] Optionally, the battery module includes n battery packs, the capacitor module includes m capacitors, the voltage of each battery pack is E, and the control of alternating the first connection state and the second connection state of all controllable switch elements in the heating system includes:

[0013] controlling all controllable switch elements in the heating system to alternate between a first connection state and a second connection state, wherein during the alternation between the first connection state and the second connection state, the duration of each of the first connection state and the second connection state is greater than five times the time constant of the capacitor module;

[0014] Among them, m satisfies: Among them E max is the upper voltage limit of the battery pack, E min is the lower voltage limit of the battery pack.

[0015] Optional, The determination includes:

[0016] determining that during a period in which the heating system heats the battery module, the highest terminal voltage of each battery pack in the battery module is mE / n and the lowest terminal voltage is nE / m;

[0017] When mE / n≤E max and nE / m≥E min Under the condition constraints, determine

[0018] Optionally, the battery module includes n battery packs, the capacitor module includes m capacitors, the voltage of each battery pack is E, and the control of alternating the first connection state and the second connection state of all controllable switch elements in the heating system includes:

[0019] Control all controllable switch elements in the heating system to alternate between the first connection state and the second connection state, so that the voltage of the capacitor module at the end of the first connection state is max{nE max / m, E}, the voltage of the capacitor module at the end of the second connection state is max{nE / m, E min};

[0020] Among them, m satisfies: Among them E max is the upper voltage limit of the battery pack, E min is the lower voltage limit of the battery pack.

[0021] Optionally, when the capacitors are fully charged, the voltage of each capacitor is set to K. The determination includes:

[0022] determining that the maximum terminal voltage of each battery pack in the battery module is mK / n during the period when the heating system heats the battery module;

[0023] In mK / n≤E max and K ≥ E min Under the condition constraints, determine

[0024] Optionally, after the number n of battery packs in the battery module changes, based on the changed number n', based on the formula or formula Adjust the number m' of capacitors in the capacitor module.

[0025] Optionally, during the period when the heating system heats the battery module, the lowest terminal voltage of each battery pack in the battery module is V, and V is adjustable.

[0026] A control device for a heating system, applied to any of the above-mentioned heating systems, comprising:

[0027] A temperature acquisition module is used to obtain the temperature of the battery module;

[0028] A heating control module is used to control the first connection state and the second connection state of all controllable switch elements in the heating system to alternate when the temperature of the battery module is lower than a set value, so that alternating current is generated in the battery module to heat the battery module; and when it is detected that the temperature of the battery module reaches the set value, control all the controllable switch elements to open the circuit.

[0029] Through the above technical solution, it can be seen that compared with the prior art, the embodiment of the present invention discloses a heating system and a control method thereof, wherein the heating system includes a battery module and a capacitor module, the number of capacitors in the capacitor module is greater than the number of battery packs in the battery module, the capacitors in the capacitor module and the battery packs in the battery module are arranged in a circular ring, the adjacent battery packs in the battery module, the adjacent capacitors in the capacitor module, and the adjacent battery packs and capacitors are connected by the same controllable switch element, and the controllable switch element can realize the parallel and series connection of two adjacent devices in different connection states, so that when all the controllable switch elements are in the first connection state, the battery module and each capacitor are in a parallel state, and when all the controllable switch elements are in the second connection state, the battery module and each capacitor are in a parallel state. In the above heating system, when the controllable switch element is in the first connection state, the battery module and each capacitor are in parallel; when the controllable switch element is in the second connection state, the battery module and each capacitor are in series. By controlling the switching of the connection state of the controllable switch element in this topology, the battery is prevented from being overcharged or over-discharged during the heating process, thereby achieving a safe low-temperature heating function. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0030] In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the following briefly introduces the drawings required for use in the embodiments or the description of the prior art. Obviously, the drawings described below are merely embodiments of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on the provided drawings without paying any creative work.

[0031] Figure 1 A circuit topology diagram of a heating system disclosed in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0032] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of an equivalent circuit of a heating system in a parallel mode according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0033] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of an equivalent circuit of a heating system in series mode disclosed in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0034] Figure 4 A circuit topology diagram of another heating system disclosed in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0035] Figure 5 This is a flow chart of a method for controlling a heating system disclosed in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0036] Figure 6 This is a schematic structural diagram of a control device for a heating system disclosed in an embodiment of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0037] The following will clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without making creative efforts are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0038] Figure 1 This is a circuit topology diagram of a heating system disclosed in an embodiment of the present invention, see Figure 1 As shown, the heating system may include: a battery module and a capacitor module, wherein the battery module includes at least one battery pack, the capacitor module includes at least two capacitors, the number of capacitors in the capacitor module is greater than the number of battery packs in the battery module, and the capacitors in the capacitor module and the battery packs in the battery module are arranged together in a circular ring. Figure 1 Where C1, C2, C3...Cm represent different capacitors, B1, B2, B3...Bn represent different battery packs. It should be noted that Figure 1 This is only a schematic diagram of the topology of the heating system, and the number of capacitors and battery packs is also an example, which does not constitute a limit to the number of capacitors and battery packs.

[0039] Adjacent battery groups in the battery module, adjacent capacitors in the capacitor module, and adjacent battery groups and capacitors are all connected through the same controllable switching elements. The controllable switching elements can respectively realize parallel and series connection of two adjacent devices in different connection states, so that when all controllable switching elements are in the first connection state, all devices are in parallel state, and when all controllable switching elements are in the second connection state, all devices are in series state, wherein the capacitors in the capacitor module and the battery groups in the battery module are collectively referred to as devices.

[0040] By controlling the switching frequency of the controllable switch element and the on / off state of the controllable switch, the battery module can be heated. Figure 1As shown in the partially enlarged diagram, three switches Si1, Si2, and Si3 are present in the loop between each adjacent device (Xi and Xi+1); Xi and Xi+1 can represent either a capacitor or a battery pack, respectively. Therefore, the controllable switch element may include three branches, each including a controllable switch. The first branch connects the first terminals of two adjacent devices, the second branch connects the second terminals of the two adjacent devices, and the third branch connects the first terminal of the first of the two adjacent devices to the second terminal of the second of the two adjacent devices.

[0041] Combine Figure 1 , wherein, when the switch Si3 is disconnected and the switches Si1 and Si2 are closed, the heating system is in parallel mode, that is, when all the controllable switch elements are in the first connection state, the battery module and each capacitor are in parallel state. In this state, the battery module discharges to the capacitor. Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the equivalent circuit of the heating system disclosed in an embodiment of the present invention in parallel mode. When switches Si1 and Si2 are both open and switch Si3 is closed, the heating system is in series mode. That is, when all controllable switch elements are in the second connection state, the battery module and each capacitor are in series connection. In this state, the capacitor charges the battery module. Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the equivalent circuit of the heating system in series mode according to an embodiment of the present invention. By controlling the opening and closing of the controllable switch in the controllable switch element and repeatedly switching between the two modes, an alternating current is generated to heat the battery module internally.

[0042] Figure 4 This is a circuit topology diagram of another heating system disclosed in an embodiment of the present invention, see Figure 4 As shown, in another implementation, the heating system may further include a controller connected to the controllable switch element. The controller controls the alternating charging of the battery module to the capacitor module and the discharging of the capacitor module to the battery module by controlling the on and off states of the switches in the controllable switch element, so that alternating current is generated inside the battery module to achieve self-heating. In this battery heating system, when the controllable switch element is in a first connection state, the battery module and each capacitor are connected in parallel; when the controllable switch element is in a second connection state, the battery module and each capacitor are connected in series. By controlling the switching of the connection states of the controllable switch elements in this topology, overcharging or over-discharging of the battery during heating can be avoided, thereby achieving a safe low-temperature heating function.

[0043] Figure 5 This is a flow chart of a method for controlling a heating system disclosed in an embodiment of the present invention. Figure 5 The method shown is applied to any one of the heating systems described in the above embodiments, combined with Figure 5As shown, the method may include:

[0044] Step 501: Obtain the temperature of the battery module.

[0045] Specifically, the temperature information of the battery module may be obtained through a temperature sensor disposed inside the battery module.

[0046] Step 502: If the temperature of the battery module is lower than the set value, control the first connection state and the second connection state of all controllable switch elements in the heating system to alternate, so that alternating current is generated in the battery module to achieve heating of the battery module.

[0047] When the temperature of the battery module is lower than the set value, it indicates that the normal working performance of the battery module cannot be guaranteed, and therefore the battery module needs to be heated, that is, the low-temperature heating function is turned on.

[0048] When all controllable switching elements are in the first connection state, the battery module and each capacitor are connected in parallel, meaning all devices are connected in parallel. When all controllable switching elements are in the second connection state, the battery module and each capacitor are connected in series, meaning all devices are connected in series. Therefore, when all controllable switching elements alternate between the first and second connection states, alternating current (AC) is generated in the battery module. Since the battery module itself has internal resistance, the AC current generates heat, heating the battery module.

[0049] Step 503: Detecting that the temperature of the battery module reaches the set value, controlling all the controllable switch elements to be disconnected.

[0050] When the battery module temperature reaches the set value, it is determined that the battery module's operating performance is guaranteed. At this time, there is no need to continue heating the battery module and the heating function can be turned off. The battery module can then enter normal operation mode.

[0051] The control method of the heating system described in this embodiment is that in the heating system, when the controllable switch element is in the first connection state, the battery module and each capacitor are connected in parallel; when the controllable switch element is in the second connection state, the battery module and each capacitor are connected in series. This topology can avoid overcharging or over-discharging of the battery during the heating process, thereby realizing a safe low-temperature heating function.

[0052] Based on the above embodiments, when all controllable switch elements are in the first connection state, the battery module charges the capacitor module, and when all controllable switch elements are in the second connection state, the capacitor module discharges the capacitor module.

[0053] There are two control modes for heating systems, and in actual applications, you can choose which control mode to use based on your needs. The first is a full-charge and full-discharge control mode for capacitors. That is, when the heating system is in parallel mode, the capacitors in the capacitor module can be fully charged. At the end of charging, the voltage of the capacitors in the capacitor module is the same as the terminal voltage of the battery pack in the battery module. When the heating system is in series mode, the capacitors in the capacitor module can be fully discharged. At the end of discharging, the voltage of the capacitors in the capacitor module connected in series is the same as the terminal voltage of the battery pack in the battery module connected in series. This control mode is relatively simple, and the controller can achieve the desired control by setting a constant switch opening and closing time.

[0054] The other is a control method that controls the charge and discharge amount of the capacitor by switching time. That is, when the heating system is in parallel mode, the capacitors in the capacitor module are switched through control before full charge. At the end of charging, the voltage of the capacitors in the capacitor module is lower than the terminal voltage of the battery pack in the battery module. When the heating system is in series mode, the capacitors in the capacitor module are switched through control before full discharge. At the end of discharge, the voltage of the capacitors in the capacitor module after series connection is higher than the terminal voltage of the battery pack in the battery module after series connection. This control mode is relatively complex and requires the actual capacitor voltage as feedback to control the charge and discharge time of the capacitor. The switch opening and closing time set by the controller should change according to the actual situation.

[0055] In the above-mentioned first control method for fully charging and discharging the capacitor, assuming that the battery module includes n battery packs, the capacitor module includes m capacitors, and the voltage of each battery pack is E, then the first connection state and the second connection state of all controllable switching elements in the heating system are controlled to alternate, which may include: controlling the first connection state and the second connection state of all controllable switching elements in the heating system to alternate, and in the process of alternating the first connection state and the second connection state, the duration of each first connection state and the second connection state is greater than five times the time constant of the capacitor module.

[0056] Among them, m satisfies: Among them E max is the upper voltage limit of the battery pack, E min is the lower voltage limit of the battery pack.

[0057] Specifically, under the first capacitor charging and discharging control method, let the voltage of each battery pack in the battery module be E. In parallel mode, after the capacitors are fully charged, the voltage of each capacitor is E. In series mode, at the initial moment of capacitor discharge, the series voltage of m capacitors is mE, which corresponds to the terminal voltage of n battery packs, that is, the terminal voltage of each battery pack is mE / n, and then the terminal voltage of the battery pack continuously decreases. Therefore, m needs to satisfy m>n to achieve capacitor discharge.

[0058] Let the voltage of each battery pack be E. In series mode, at the end of capacitor discharge, the voltage across m capacitors in series is nE, meaning the voltage across each capacitor is nE / m. In parallel mode, at the initial moment of capacitor charging, the terminal voltage of the battery pack is nE / m and then increases continuously.

[0059] While the heating system is heating the battery module, the highest terminal voltage of the battery pack is mE / n, and the lowest terminal voltage is nE / m. To prevent overcharge and overdischarge of the battery, the conditions mE / n ≤ Emax and nE / m ≥ Emin must be met. In this control mode, the number of capacitors, m, satisfies equation (1).

[0060]

[0061] Therefore, the determination of formula (1) includes:

[0062] determining that during a period in which the heating system heats the battery module, the highest terminal voltage of each battery pack in the battery module is mE / n and the lowest terminal voltage is nE / m;

[0063] When mE / n≤E max and nE / m≥E min Under the condition constraints, determine

[0064] In the second control method of controlling the charge and discharge amount of the capacitor by the switching time, assuming that the battery module includes n battery packs, the capacitor module includes m capacitors, and the voltage of each battery pack is E, then the first connection state and the second connection state of all controllable switch elements in the heating system are controlled to be alternately controlled, which may include: controlling the first connection state and the second connection state of all controllable switch elements in the heating system to be alternately controlled, so that the voltage of the capacitor module at the end of the first connection state is max{nE max / m, E}, the voltage of the capacitor module at the end of the second connection state is max{nE / m, E min};

[0065] Among them, m satisfies: Among them E max is the upper voltage limit of the battery pack, E min is the lower voltage limit of the battery pack.

[0066] Specifically, in the second switching time control method for controlling the charge and discharge amount of the capacitor, let the voltage of each battery pack in the battery module be E. In the parallel mode, after the capacitor is charged, let the voltage of each capacitor be K, where K < E. In the series mode, at the initial moment of capacitor discharge, the series voltage of m capacitors is mK, and m needs to satisfy m>n to achieve capacitor discharge. The series voltage of m capacitors corresponds to the terminal voltage of n battery packs, that is, the terminal voltage of each battery pack is mK / n, and then the terminal voltage of the battery pack continues to decrease.

[0067] While the heating system is heating the battery modules, the maximum terminal voltage of the battery pack is mK / n, and the minimum terminal voltage is V. To prevent overcharge and overdischarge of the battery, mK / n ≤ Emax and K ≥ Emin must be satisfied. Since V can be adjusted as needed, only m / n ≤ Emax / K ≤ Emax / Emin needs to be satisfied.

[0068] In this control mode, the number of capacitors m satisfies equation (2).

[0069]

[0070] Thus, the determination of formula (2) includes: determining that the highest terminal voltage of each battery pack in the battery module is mK / n during the period when the heating system heats the battery module;

[0071] In mK / n≤E max and K ≥ E min Under the condition constraints, determine

[0072] When implementing a method that controls the charge and discharge of capacitors by switching time, in parallel mode, the switching time is controlled during the battery pack charging process so that the capacitor voltage at the end of charging is max{nEmax / m, E}. In series mode, the switching time is controlled during the capacitor discharging process to the battery pack so that the capacitor voltage at the end of discharge is max{nE / m, Emin}. This allows for maximum current output while ensuring safety, that is, without overcharging or over-discharging the battery.

[0073] In one implementation, after the number n of battery packs in the battery module changes, based on the changed number n', based on the formula or formula Adjust the number m' of capacitors in the capacitor module.

[0074] In order to better understand the control method of the heating system described in this application, two examples will be used for introduction below.

[0075] In one implementation, a heating system is used to heat the lithium iron phosphate battery pack under a control mode of full charge and discharge of the capacitor. The lithium iron phosphate battery pack (equivalent to a battery module) is composed of 8 battery modules (equivalent to a battery pack) connected in series, and each battery module is composed of 12 batteries connected in series. Therefore, n = 8, Emax = 12 × 3.65 = 43.8V, and Emin = 12 × 2 = 24V (the upper voltage limit of a single lithium iron phosphate battery is 3.65V, and the lower voltage limit of a single lithium iron phosphate battery is 2V). The voltage change of the lithium iron phosphate battery within the SOC range of normal use is small and can be approximately regarded as 3.2V, so E = 12 × 3.2 = 38.4V. From formula (1), it can be obtained that m needs to satisfy formula (3), and the number of capacitors should be set to 9.

[0076] 8 <m≤9.125 (3)

[0077] When using the heating system to heat the lithium iron phosphate battery pack, first disconnect all switches Si3, and after both switches Si1 and Si2 are closed, the heating system is in parallel mode, the battery module and the capacitor are connected in parallel, and the battery module discharges to the capacitor. After the discharge is completed, the voltage of the capacitor is 38.4V. Then disconnect both switches Si1 and Si2, and close both switches Si3, and the heating system is in series mode, the battery module and the capacitor are connected in series, and the capacitor charges the battery module. At the start of charging, the total voltage of the 9 capacitors in series is 345.6V, and the lithium iron phosphate battery pack with 8 battery modules in series is discharged. The corresponding voltage of each battery module is 43.2V, and no overcharging occurs. After the discharge is completed, the voltage of the capacitor drops to 38.4V×8 / 9=34.13V. Then switch to parallel mode for circulation, and each battery module does not over-discharge.

[0078] Therefore, the present heating system can achieve safe internal heating for the battery pack.

[0079] In another implementation, four logistics vehicles of the same model need to be heated at low temperatures. Each vehicle uses a battery pack (equivalent to a battery pack) consisting of 50 ternary lithium-ion battery packs with a rated voltage of 180V. The heating system heats the battery packs of the four vehicles using a switching time-controlled method to control the charge and discharge of the capacitors. Therefore, n = 4, Emax = 50 × 4.2 = 210V, and Emin = 50 × 2.5 = 125V (assuming the upper voltage limit of a single battery is 4.2V and the lower voltage limit of a single battery is 2.5V). From equation (2), it can be seen that m needs to satisfy equation (4), and the number of capacitors can be set to 6.

[0080] 4 <m≤6.72 (4)

[0081] When using the heating system to heat the battery pack, first disconnect all switches Si3. After closing switches Si1 and Si2, the heating system is in parallel mode, with the battery pack and capacitor connected in parallel. At this time, the battery pack discharges to the capacitor. Control the battery pack discharge time so that the capacitor voltage is 140V after the discharge is completed (less than the voltage of 180V when the capacitor is fully charged). Then disconnect all switches Si1 and Si2 and close all switches Si3. The heating system is in series mode, with the battery pack and capacitor connected in series. At this time, the capacitor charges the battery pack. At the start of charging, the total voltage of the six capacitors in series is 840V. Discharging to the four battery packs in series results in a voltage of 210V for each battery pack, which is the maximum operating voltage of the battery pack and can output the maximum current while ensuring safety. Control the capacitor discharge time so that after the discharge is completed, the capacitor voltage drops to 125V (greater than the voltage of 120V when the capacitor is fully discharged). Then switch to parallel mode for cycling, and the battery does not over-discharge.

[0082] Therefore, the present heating system can achieve safe internal heating for multiple battery packs.

[0083] The heating system proposed in this invention can solve the problem of overcharging and over-discharging of battery modules during heating, achieving safe low-temperature heating. In addition, the topology of the heating system proposed in this invention is suitable for low-temperature heating of battery packs of single or multiple electric vehicles.

[0084] For simplicity of description, the aforementioned method embodiments are described as a series of actions. However, those skilled in the art should be aware that the present invention is not limited by the order of the actions described, as certain steps can be performed in other orders or simultaneously according to the present invention. Furthermore, those skilled in the art should also be aware that the embodiments described in this specification are preferred embodiments, and the actions and modules involved are not necessarily required for the present invention.

[0085] The above embodiments disclosed in the present invention describe the method in detail. The method of the present invention can be implemented using various devices. Therefore, the present invention also discloses a device, which will be described in detail in the following specific embodiments.

[0086] Figure 6 This is a schematic structural diagram of a control device for a heating system disclosed in an embodiment of the present invention. Figure 6 The device shown is applied to any one of the heating systems described in the above embodiments. Figure 6 As shown, the control device 60 of the heating system may include:

[0087] The temperature acquisition module 601 is used to acquire the temperature of the battery module.

[0088] The heating control module 602 is used to control the first connection state and the second connection state of all controllable switch elements in the heating system to alternate when the temperature of the battery module is lower than the set value, so that alternating current is generated in the battery module to heat the battery module; and when it is detected that the temperature of the battery module reaches the set value, control all the controllable switch elements to disconnect.

[0089] The control device of the heating system described in this embodiment has a topology structure in which the battery module and each capacitor are connected in parallel when the controllable switch element is in the first connection state; and the battery module and each capacitor are connected in series when the controllable switch element is in the second connection state. This topology structure can avoid overcharging or over-discharging of the battery during the heating process, thereby realizing a safe low-temperature heating function.

[0090] The specific implementation of each module in the control device of the heating system can be found in the corresponding part of the method embodiment, which will not be repeated here.

[0091] The control device of any heating system described in the above embodiments includes a processor and a memory. The temperature acquisition module and the heating control module in the above embodiments are both stored in the memory as program modules, and the processor executes the above program modules stored in the memory to realize corresponding functions.

[0092] The processor contains a kernel, which retrieves the corresponding program module from the memory. There can be one or more kernels, and the kernel parameters can be adjusted to process the access data.

[0093] The memory may include non-permanent memory in a computer-readable medium, random access memory (RAM) and / or non-volatile memory, such as read-only memory (ROM) or flash RAM, and the memory includes at least one memory chip.

[0094] An embodiment of the present invention provides a storage medium having a program stored thereon. When the program is executed by a processor, the control method of the thermal system described in the above embodiment is implemented.

[0095] An embodiment of the present invention provides a processor, which is configured to run a program, wherein the program, when running, executes the thermal system control method described in the above embodiment.

[0096] Furthermore, this embodiment provides an electronic device, comprising a processor and a memory, wherein the memory is used to store executable instructions of the processor, and the processor is configured to execute the control method of the thermal system described in the above embodiment by executing the executable instructions.

[0097] The various embodiments in this specification are described in a progressive manner, with each embodiment focusing on the differences from other embodiments. Reference can be made to the common and similar parts between the various embodiments. For the devices disclosed in the embodiments, since they correspond to the methods disclosed in the embodiments, the description is relatively simple, and the relevant parts can be referred to the method description.

[0098] It should also be noted that, in this document, relational terms such as first and second, etc., are used only to distinguish one entity or operation from another entity or operation, and do not necessarily require or imply any such actual relationship or order between these entities or operations. Moreover, the terms "comprises," "comprising," or any other variations thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or device comprising a series of elements includes not only those elements, but also other elements not explicitly listed, or elements inherent to such process, method, article, or device. In the absence of further limitations, an element defined by the phrase "comprising a ..." does not exclude the presence of additional identical elements in the process, method, article, or device comprising the element.

[0099] The steps of the methods or algorithms described in conjunction with the embodiments disclosed herein may be implemented directly using hardware, a software module executed by a processor, or a combination of the two. The software module may be placed in a random access memory (RAM), internal memory, read-only memory (ROM), electrically programmable ROM, electrically erasable programmable ROM, registers, a hard disk, a removable disk, a CD-ROM, or any other form of storage medium known in the art.

[0100] The above description of the disclosed embodiments is intended to enable one skilled in the art to implement or use the present invention. Various modifications to these embodiments will be readily apparent to one skilled in the art, and the general principles defined herein may be implemented in other embodiments without departing from the spirit or scope of the present invention. Therefore, the present invention is not limited to the embodiments shown herein but is intended to conform to the widest scope consistent with the principles and novel features disclosed herein.

Claims

1. A heating system, characterized in that: The invention comprises a battery module and a capacitor module, wherein the battery module comprises n battery packs, the capacitor module comprises m capacitors, the voltage of each battery pack is E, the number of capacitors in the capacitor module is greater than the number of battery packs in the battery module, and the capacitors in the capacitor module and the battery packs in the battery module are arranged in a circular shape; Adjacent battery packs in the battery module, adjacent capacitors in the capacitor module, and adjacent battery packs and capacitors are all connected via the same controllable switching element, and the controllable switching element can respectively realize parallel and series connection of two adjacent devices in different connection states, so that when all controllable switching elements are in a first connection state, all devices are in a parallel state, and when all controllable switching elements are in a second connection state, all devices are in a series state, wherein the capacitors in the capacitor module and the battery packs in the battery module are collectively referred to as devices; The heating system further includes a controller connected to the controllable switch element, configured to control all controllable switch elements in the heating system to alternate between a first connection state and a second connection state when the temperature of the battery module is lower than a set value, so that alternating current is generated in the battery module to heat the battery module, and during the alternating between the first connection state and the second connection state, the duration of each of the first connection state and the second connection state is greater than five times the time constant of the capacitor module; Among them, m satisfies: Among them E max is the upper voltage limit of the battery pack, E min is the lower voltage limit of the battery pack.

2. The heating system according to claim 1, characterized in that The controllable switch element includes three branches, each branch includes a controllable switch, the first branch connects the first ends of two adjacent devices, the second branch connects the second ends of the two adjacent devices, and the third branch connects the first end of the first device of the two adjacent devices and the second end of the second device of the two adjacent devices.

3. A method for controlling a heating system, applied to the heating system according to any one of claims 1 to 2, characterized in that: include: Get the temperature of the battery module; If the temperature of the battery module is lower than a set value, controlling all controllable switch elements in the heating system to alternate between a first connection state and a second connection state, so that alternating current is generated in the battery module to heat the battery module; wherein, during the alternating process of the first connection state and the second connection state, the duration of each of the first connection state and the second connection state is greater than five times the time constant of the capacitor module; Among them, m satisfies: Among them E max is the upper voltage limit of the battery pack, E min is the lower voltage limit of the battery pack; It is detected that the temperature of the battery module reaches the set value, and all the controllable switch elements are controlled to be disconnected.

4. The control method of the heating system according to claim 3, characterized in that: The determination includes: determining that during a period in which the heating system heats the battery module, the highest terminal voltage of each battery pack in the battery module is mE / n and the lowest terminal voltage is nE / m; When mE / n≤E max and nE / m≥E min Under the condition constraints, determine 5. The control method of the heating system according to claim 3, characterized in that: The battery module includes n battery packs, the capacitor module includes m capacitors, the voltage of each battery pack is E, and the first connection state and the second connection state of all controllable switch elements in the heating system are alternately controlled, including: Control all controllable switch elements in the heating system to alternate between the first connection state and the second connection state, so that the voltage of the capacitor module at the end of the first connection state is max{nE max / m, E}, the voltage of the capacitor module at the end of the second connection state is max{nE / m, E min }; Among them, m satisfies: Among them E max is the upper voltage limit of the battery pack, E min is the lower voltage limit of the battery pack.

6. The control method of the heating system according to claim 5, characterized in that: When the capacitor is fully charged, the voltage of each capacitor is K. The determination includes: determining that the maximum terminal voltage of each battery pack in the battery module is mK / n during the period when the heating system heats the battery module; In mK / n≤E max and K ≥ E min Under the condition constraints, determine 7. The control method of the heating system according to claim 1 or 5, characterized in that: After the number n of battery packs in the battery module changes, based on the changed number n', based on the formula or formula Adjust the number m' of capacitors in the capacitor module.

8. The control method of the heating system according to claim 6, characterized in that: During the period when the heating system heats the battery module, the lowest terminal voltage of each battery group in the battery module is V, and V is adjustable.

9. A control device for a heating system, applied to the heating system according to any one of claims 1 to 2, characterized in that: include: A temperature acquisition module is used to obtain the temperature of the battery module; A heating control module is used to control the first connection state and the second connection state of all controllable switch elements in the heating system to alternate when the temperature of the battery module is lower than a set value, so that alternating current is generated in the battery module to heat the battery module; and when it is detected that the temperature of the battery module reaches the set value, control all the controllable switch elements to open the circuit.

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