Device and method for controlling the temperature of an electrical energy storage of a motor vehicle

Abstract

The invention relates to a device (1) for controlling the temperature of an electrical energy accumulator (5) of a motor vehicle. The device comprises an electrical energy accumulator (5) and a fluid circuit (3) for controlling the temperature of the accumulator, which is thermally coupled and / or can be thermally coupled to the electrical energy accumulator, wherein a temperature control fluid can be supplied to the accumulator (5) and can be discharged from the accumulator by means of the fluid circuit. The fluid circuit (3) further comprises a pump device (10, 11) for conveying the temperature control fluid through the fluid circuit (3), a valve device (12), a cooling device (8) for cooling the temperature control fluid and a heating device (9) for heating the temperature control fluid. The fluid circuit (3) has a sub-circuit (4) in which the heating device (9) is arranged; wherein the device (1) is designed to activate a heating operation of the heating device (9) when the motor vehicle is parked and predetermined heating conditions are met. The invention also relates to a method for controlling the temperature of an electrical energy accumulator of a motor vehicle and to a motor vehicle having the above-mentioned device.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to an apparatus and method for controlling the temperature of an electrical energy storage device in a motor vehicle. The invention also relates to a motor vehicle having the apparatus, preferably a multi-purpose vehicle. Background Technology

[0002] Motor vehicles that are at least partially electrically powered typically have an energy storage device for electrical energy (hereinafter also referred to as an energy storage device). In this case, the energy storage device can be a high-voltage (HV) vehicle battery. Various methods are known in practice not only for cooling the high-voltage battery but also for heating it. One possibility is to heat water-glycol at the bottom of the high-voltage battery via heating / cooling fins. Other methods include, for example, heating the battery or generating reactive power, such as through brakes.

[0003] However, motor vehicles are typically only actively operated for a small portion of the time. Therefore, when the vehicle is parked, the energy storage unit, especially the individual battery cells, can cool down. It is known that excessively high or low temperatures can adversely affect the lifespan, performance, and functionality of such batteries. A particular problem arises when, below a critical minimum temperature, the battery cells of the energy storage unit are no longer able to provide sufficient power for starting operations when the vehicle is restarted. For example, if the high-voltage battery cools excessively, it can provide only a small amount of current or none at all, especially for heating, as the battery's current limit depends on its state of charge (SoC) and temperature. Known methods for heating high-voltage batteries also have the drawback of consuming a significant amount of energy for this purpose. Summary of the Invention

[0004] Therefore, the object of the present invention is to provide an apparatus for controlling the temperature of an energy storage device, which avoids the disadvantages of conventional technology. In particular, the object of the present invention is to provide a method for controlling the temperature of an energy storage device, by which cooling of the energy storage device can be avoided even when the vehicle is parked, and this allows the energy storage device to be heated in the most energy-efficient manner even when the vehicle is parked.

[0005] According to a first general aspect of the invention, an apparatus is provided for controlling the temperature of an electrical energy storage device in a motor vehicle. The motor vehicle may be electrically driven and / or electrically propellable. The apparatus includes an energy storage device for electrical energy, hereinafter also referred to as an electrical energy storage device or simply an energy storage device.

[0006] The device also includes a fluid circuit thermally coupled and / or capable of thermally coupling with the energy storage unit for controlling the temperature of the energy storage unit, wherein a temperature-controlled fluid can be supplied to and discharged from the energy storage unit via the fluid circuit. In this case, the fluid circuit may include a pump device for conveying the temperature-controlled fluid through the fluid circuit, a valve device, a cooling device for cooling the temperature-controlled fluid, and a heating device for heating the temperature-controlled fluid. The fluid circuit also includes a sub-circuit in which the heating device is arranged. This sub-circuit will also be referred to below as the first sub-circuit. Therefore, the fluid circuit can be selectively used as a cooling circuit and a heating circuit.

[0007] According to the present invention, the device is designed to activate the heating operation of the heating device when the motor vehicle is parked and when predetermined heating conditions are met, wherein the fluid coupling between the sub-circuit and the fluid circuit, as well as the supply of temperature-controlled fluid heated in the sub-circuit to the energy storage device and the discharge from the energy storage device, can be controlled by a valve device.

[0008] Therefore, cooling of the energy storage unit can be prevented even when the vehicle is parked. Furthermore, the temperature control fluid can be heated particularly energy-efficiently, and thus the energy storage unit can be heated energy-efficiently, because only a portion of the temperature control fluid can be heated by a heating device arranged in a sub-loop, and then this portion of the temperature control fluid can be selectively supplied to the energy storage unit for localized heat dissipation via a valve device. Therefore, heat loss can be reduced. At the same time, since there is no separate heating loop from the cooling loop, but the heating loop is integrated into the cooling loop, the device is cost-effective.

[0009] Preferably, a parked vehicle should be understood as a stopped and / or parked state of a motor vehicle, especially an idle operating state of a motor vehicle, such as when a car is parked.

[0010] Preferably, in this case, only a portion of the temperature control fluid is heated by the heating device during the heating operation. According to a particularly preferred embodiment, the device is designed to heat a portion (preferably a predetermined portion) of the temperature control fluid in a sub-loop in a first step when the heating operation is activated, wherein the sub-loop is separated from the rest of the fluid loop and / or the accumulator fluid by a valve device. According to this embodiment, the device is also designed to fluidly connect the sub-loop and the accumulator by the valve device in a second step, and to pump the predetermined portion to be heated to the accumulator by a pump device.

[0011] In this case, during the first and / or second steps, another second sub-loop, equipped with a cooling device, can be fluid-separated from the rest of the fluid loop (which includes the first sub-loop and the section containing the accumulator). The predetermined amount of temperature-controlled fluid can be determined by the dimensions and / or fluid capacity of the first sub-loop and / or by the positions of the valves in the valve assembly used to fluidly couple the first sub-loop to the fluid loop.

[0012] This achieves particularly energy-efficient heating of the energy storage device because, on the one hand, it avoids heating the entire amount of temperature-controlled fluid in the fluid circuit during heating operation, thus preventing energy consumption. Therefore, heat loss due to the heat capacity of the fluid circuit can be reduced. This is particularly advantageous when the parked vehicle is not connected to an external power source or charging station, and the energy of the energy storage device is provided, for example, by the energy storage device itself or another vehicle battery. Accordingly, due to the lower energy consumption, the energy storage device can avoid discharging too quickly during heating operation. Furthermore, heating a portion of the temperature-controlled fluid can be faster than heating the entire amount of temperature-controlled fluid; therefore, the overall heating process is faster.

[0013] In an advantageous variation of this embodiment, the device can be designed to execute multiple sequences for heating the energy storage unit upon activation of the heating operation, wherein each sequence includes a first step and a second step, preferably such that a sequential pulse of a heated portion of the temperature control fluid, rather than a continuous flow of the temperature control fluid, is pumped to the energy storage unit. That is, multiple sequences of heated temperature control fluid are pumped sequentially and / or in a pulsed manner to the energy storage unit. Therefore, the required amount of temperature control fluid can be accurately determined, and / or the amount of temperature control fluid required to protect the energy storage unit from overcooling can be reduced.

[0014] For example, the device can be designed to control the valve and pump units in the second step, such that a predetermined amount of heated fluid is pumped into the flow area of ​​the accumulator and held there for a minimum time by stopping the flow of fluid. This achieves particularly efficient thermal coupling with the accumulator, as most of the heat from the heated temperature-controlled fluid can be selectively released into the accumulator, with only a small portion released into other piping sections. Furthermore, sequential pumping operation consumes less energy than continuous operation of the temperature-controlled fluid.

[0015] Furthermore, the energy storage device can be thermally coupled to the fluid circuit via a flow area formed in the wall region (preferably, the base plate) of the energy storage device. In this case, optionally, the predetermined amount of temperature-controlled fluid heated in the first step can also correspond to the capacity of the flow area of ​​the energy storage device. That is, during heating operation, only the amount of temperature-controlled fluid for thermal coupling that can be accommodated in the wall region and / or base plate of the energy storage device is heated. With this variation, the energy required for heating operation can be reduced particularly effectively, and particularly energy-efficient heating of the energy storage device can be achieved. On the one hand, the fluid circuit can therefore be selectively used as a cooling circuit (during cooling operation) and a heating circuit (during heating operation); however, particularly during heating operation, heat loss is reduced due to the heat capacity of the fluid circuit, since only the heat capacity of the sub-circuit and / or the amount of temperature-controlled fluid heated in that sub-circuit is used during heating operation. Preferably, the device is also designed such that the direction of the fluid mass flow during cooling operation is the same as the direction of the fluid mass flow during heating operation.

[0016] Alternatively, the predetermined amount of temperature-controlled fluid heated in the first step can be in the range of 80%-200% of the capacity of the flow area, more preferably in the range of 90%-130%. Practical testing has shown that equally good results can be achieved within these ranges. Therefore, it is advantageous that the temperature-controlled fluid is heated only a portion of the fluid loop, rather than the entire length of the pipe.

[0017] In this document, the term "sub-loop" is understood as follows: a fluid loop having a sub-section in which only a portion of the temperature control fluid of the fluid loop can be circulated and / or heated by a heating device. According to one embodiment, the sub-loop can have a temperature control fluid capacity of less than 50%, more preferably less than 30% or less than 20% of the total fluid loop's capacity. The advantage of this is that when the vehicle is parked, a relatively small amount of temperature control fluid can be heated for heating operations to minimize energy consumption for heating, while during cooling operations, preferably all the temperature control fluid is used to reliably prevent overheating of the energy storage unit, especially during vehicle operation.

[0018] According to another aspect, the device for controlling the temperature of the energy storage device may include the vehicle's onboard electrical subsystem, to which voltage is supplied and / or capable of being supplied when the ignition is turned off and / or when the vehicle's main battery switch is turned off. In this way, when the vehicle is parked, it is not necessary to supply power to the entire vehicle's onboard electrical system, but only to the onboard electrical subsystem, which supplies power to the heating device for heating operation and optionally to other components such as sensor devices for monitoring predetermined heating conditions (e.g., energy storage device temperature). This onboard electrical subsystem is particularly advantageous for heavy-duty trucks (HGVs), where it is currently common practice for truck drivers to turn off the main battery switch (of the 24V starting battery) when parking or leaving the vehicle overnight or over the weekend, thereby disabling the functionality of the onboard electrical system. Therefore, according to an embodiment of the invention, even when the vehicle is parked and / or the main battery switch is turned off, it is still possible to supply power to the onboard electrical subsystem, which has heating devices for the energy storage device.

[0019] In this scenario, the power supply can be implemented through the energy storage device itself, wherein the heating device is an electrically driven heating device arranged in the vehicle's electrical subsystem. Alternatively or additionally, for example, if the vehicle is parked at a charging station, the energy storage device can also be powered by other batteries in the vehicle and / or by an external power source.

[0020] On the other hand, the fluid circuit can have two parallel connected pipes, with the heating and cooling devices arranged in parallel along these two pipes. A valve device can be used to control which of the parallel connected pipes is used and / or can be used to supply fluid flow to the energy storage unit. The advantage of this configuration is that the fluid flow for heating and cooling operations of the device can be controlled in a suitable manner.

[0021] For example, the device can be designed to decouple the fluid in the pipeline section with the cooling device and the pipeline section with the energy storage device in the second step described above by means of a valve device, so that the temperature-controlled fluid to be heated can be directly delivered to the energy storage device instead of the cooling device.

[0022] The predetermined heating conditions are understood as pre-determined conditions or standards that indicate or are used to deduce situations where, particularly when the vehicle is parked, the energy storage device is at risk of overcooling and can no longer guarantee normal operation, and / or will lead to excessive aging effects. For example, the predetermined heating conditions can be met if the temperature of the energy storage device is below a predetermined threshold. Suitable thresholds for each energy storage device can be experimentally set and determined. For this purpose, the device can have sensor devices, such as at least one temperature sensor, that monitor the temperature of the energy storage device and / or the temperature of one or more energy storage units within the energy storage device. Alternatively or additionally, other variables can be monitored as part of the monitoring of heating conditions, in place of the energy storage device temperature, such as ambient temperature and / or the temperature of the fluid control fluid in the fluid loop. The temperature of the energy storage device can also be estimated from the trends of these variables, for example, through characteristic curves determined experimentally beforehand.

[0023] According to another aspect, the pump assembly can include a first pump disposed in the sub-loop for conveying temperature-controlled fluid within the sub-loop. Alternatively or additionally, the pump assembly can include a second pump disposed outside the sub-loop for conveying temperature-controlled fluid to the energy storage device.

[0024] According to another option, the device can be designed to shut down the first pump as described above only after a hysteresis period following the shutdown of the heating device, in order to avoid cavitation effects. This delayed operation allows for the avoidance or at least reduction of disruptive cavitation effects during heating operation.

[0025] The device may also have a control unit designed to control components of the fluid circuit, particularly heating, cooling and / or valve devices.

[0026] To the extent that the device described above is designed to control one or more components of a fluid circuit to achieve heating operation, this can be achieved through the corresponding design of a control device, for example. The control device can include one or more control units, or can be implemented programmably as part of such control units. For example, some functions of the control device can also be implemented in a battery management system (BMS), such as for monitoring the temperature of the energy storage device.

[0027] According to another embodiment, a heat insulation component can be provided on or near the heating device. This reduces heat radiation loss and improves energy efficiency during heating.

[0028] The temperature-controlled fluid can be a known ethylene glycol-water mixture.

[0029] Energy storage devices can be high-voltage batteries, electric traction energy storage devices, and / or lithium-ion battery energy storage devices.

[0030] The present invention also relates to a motor vehicle including means for controlling the temperature of an energy storage device as disclosed herein. The motor vehicle may be an electrically driven and / or electrically propellable motor vehicle. The motor vehicle may be a multi-purpose vehicle, such as a truck or bus.

[0031] According to a second general aspect of the invention, a method is provided for controlling the temperature of an electrical energy storage device in a motor vehicle, wherein the energy storage device is thermally coupled and / or capable of being thermally coupled to a fluid circuit for controlling the temperature of the energy storage device, and wherein a temperature control fluid can be supplied to and discharged from the energy storage device through the fluid circuit. The fluid circuit includes a pump device for conveying the temperature control fluid through the fluid circuit, a valve device, a cooling device for cooling the temperature control fluid, and a heating device for heating the temperature control fluid. The fluid circuit has a sub-circuit in which the heating device is arranged.

[0032] The method includes monitoring predetermined heating conditions when a motor vehicle is parked, and activating the heating operation of the heating device when the predetermined heating conditions are met, wherein the fluid coupling between the sub-loop and the fluid loop is controlled by a valve device, and the supply of temperature-controlled fluid heated in the sub-loop to and from the energy storage device is controlled by the supply of fluid to and from the energy storage device.

[0033] To avoid duplication, features disclosed solely based on the apparatus should also be considered features disclosed based on the method and claimed accordingly. Therefore, the above-described aspects and features of the invention, particularly concerning the design of the apparatus, fluid circuits, and functional design of the apparatus, also apply to the method. Attached Figure Description

[0034] The preferred embodiments and features of the present invention described above can be combined with each other as needed. Other details and advantages of the present invention will now be described with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0035] Figure 1 A height schematic diagram of a device for controlling the temperature of an energy storage device in a first heating operation step according to an embodiment of the present invention is shown.

[0036] Figure 2 An embodiment of the present invention is shown. Figure 1 The apparatus in the second heating operation step; and

[0037] Figure 3 A flowchart illustrating the operation method of a temperature control device according to an embodiment of the present invention and a method for controlling the temperature of an energy storage device is shown.

[0038] In all the accompanying drawings, the same or equivalent elements are indicated by the same reference numerals, and some of them are not described separately. Detailed Implementation

[0039] Figure 1 A device 1 for controlling the temperature of an electric energy storage device 5 in a motor vehicle is shown according to an embodiment of the present invention. The motor vehicle may be an electrically driven motor vehicle, such as a truck. The energy storage device 5 is a high-voltage energy storage device and supplies electric traction energy to the motor (not shown) of the motor vehicle and also receives recovered energy.

[0040] The device 1 also includes a fluid circuit 3 thermally coupled to the energy storage unit 5. This fluid circuit controls the temperature of the energy storage unit 5, wherein a temperature control fluid (e.g., water-glycol) is supplied to and discharged from the energy storage unit 5 through the fluid circuit. For this purpose, a flow passage 6 is provided in the bottom region of the energy storage unit through which the temperature control fluid can flow. In the flow passage, the temperature control fluid can selectively flow around the fins that serve as heating or cooling fins to achieve thermal coupling with the energy storage unit 5.

[0041] The fluid circuit 3 includes a pump assembly, which in this case includes a first pump 10 and a second pump 11, for delivering temperature-controlled fluid through the fluid circuit 3. The fluid circuit 3 also includes a valve assembly 12, which in this case includes a plurality of solenoid valves 12a to 12d.

[0042] A cooling device 8 for cooling the temperature-controlled fluid is arranged in the piping section 14. The cooling device 8 can be designed in known ways and therefore will not be described in detail here. During cooling operation, the cooling device 8 cools the temperature-controlled fluid flowing through it.

[0043] Here, a heating device 9 for heating the temperature-controlled fluid is arranged in pipe section 15 parallel to pipe section 14. The heating device 9 is arranged in fluid sub-loop 4, and the first pump 10 is also arranged in this fluid sub-loop 4. Figure 1 As shown only schematically, the heating device is at least partially enclosed by the heat insulation portion 17.

[0044] Device 1 also includes a control device 2, which is connected to the various components in the fluid loop 3 via signal lines indicated by dashed lines for signal notification. Control device 2 is designed to control the various components of the fluid loop 3. Part of the functionality of control device 2 is also implemented in the battery management system (BMS) 5a of the energy storage device, whereby the battery management system monitors the temperature of the energy storage device 5.

[0045] The heating device 9 is designed as a high-voltage (HV) electric heater, powered by an energy storage unit 5 via an onboard electrical subsystem 7, schematically shown only with dashed lines. A key feature here is that this onboard electrical subsystem 7 is powered even when the vehicle is parked and the ignition key is removed, while other parts of the onboard electrical system are deactivated. Even when the vehicle is parked, the control unit 2 and the heating device 9 are powered by this onboard electrical subsystem 7. Furthermore, electrical control of the magnetic valve device 12 is also possible.

[0046] Fluid circuit 3 can be selectively used for cooling and heating energy storage 5, depending on whether the temperature-controlled fluid cooled by cooling device 8 or heated by heating device 9 is delivered to energy storage 5. The circulation direction of the mass flow is the same during heating and cooling operations.

[0047] During normal driving operations of the motor vehicle, the energy storage unit 5 must typically be cooled, thus decoupling the sub-circuit 4 from the rest of the fluid circuit 3 via valve device 12 during driving operations. For this purpose, valves 12c and 12d can be switched via control device 12, causing fluid line 14 to be fluidly connected to fluid line 16, while fluid line 15 is not fluidly connected to fluid lines 14 and 16. Therefore, the temperature-controlled fluid cooled by the cooling device 8 flows into the flow area 6 of the energy storage unit 5 through the fluid circuit formed by lines 14 and 16, and then returns to the cooling device.

[0048] However, as mentioned above, during non-driving operations, when the vehicle is parked and the outside temperature is low, the energy storage unit 5 may become overcooled. This could adversely affect the lifespan, performance, and functionality of the energy storage unit, and cause it to no longer be able to provide sufficient power for the start-up mode when the vehicle is restarted.

[0049] Therefore, if necessary, the temperature control device 1 is also used to heat the energy storage unit 5 when the vehicle is parked, as will be explained below.

[0050] Therefore, control device 2 is designed to monitor whether predetermined heating conditions are met when the vehicle is parked. For example, this involves monitoring the temperature of the energy storage unit 5, which is performed by the battery management system (BMS) 5a of the energy storage unit 5. This BMS monitors the temperature of the energy storage unit 5 via temperature sensors within the energy storage unit 5 under all circumstances during driving operation. The battery management system can access the so-called cell module controller (CMC) to monitor voltage and access the temperature sensors installed in each battery module. This temperature monitoring when the vehicle is parked corresponds to… Figure 3 Step S1 of the corresponding flowchart is shown.

[0051] The battery management system measures the temperature at a specific time t. If the temperature is below a certain limit, the heating condition is considered met, and control device 2 controls sub-circuit 4 and heating device 9 to initiate the heating operation. This is in... Figure 3 The step S2 is shown in the diagram.

[0052] To initiate the heating operation, in the first step S3, control device 2 first controls valves 12a and 12b, allowing fluid to circulate within sub-loop 4 but not leave it, and activates pump 10 and heating device 9 in sub-loop 4. Therefore, a small portion 20 of the temperature-controlled fluid circulates in sub-loop 4 and is heated there by heating device 9. Sub-loop 4 is designed such that the portion 20 approximately corresponds to the amount of fluid that the energy storage device 5 can maintain on its base plate in the flow area.

[0053] The temperature of the heated temperature-controlled fluid is measured in the heating device 9. When the temperature-controlled fluid in the sub-loop 4 reaches a specific temperature, in the second step S4, the control device controls pumps 10 and 11 and valves 12a to 12d, so that a portion 20 of the heated temperature-controlled fluid is delivered from the sub-loop to the flow area 6 of the energy storage unit. Figure 2 The delivery of the heated portion 20 of the temperature-controlled fluid is schematically shown in the diagram using arrows and moving boxes 20.

[0054] In this case, switching valves 12c and 12d make fluid lines 15 and 16 fluidly connected to each other. In other words, here, in the second step S4, the control valve device 12 and pumps 10 and 11 are controlled so that the heated portion 20 of the temperature-controlled fluid is pumped to the flow area 6 and the fluid flow is stopped there for a minimum period of time so that the heat is released to the energy storage unit 5.

[0055] Here, when the heating operation is activated, a plurality of such sequences for heating the energy storage 5 are executed, wherein each sequence includes a first step (S3) and a second step (S4), such that sequential pulses of the portion 20 of the temperature control fluid to be heated, rather than a continuous flow of the temperature control fluid, are pumped to the energy storage 5.

[0056] Repeat this process until the battery module temperature exceeds a certain threshold. Then, end the heating operation and shut down the heating device 9. To avoid cavitation effects, pump 10 is only shut down after a certain lag time.

[0057] Although the invention has been described with reference to specific embodiments, it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that various modifications can be made, and equivalents can be used as substitutes without departing from the scope of the invention. It should only be mentioned that the design of the described fluid circuit 3, and particularly the design of the valve device 12, is merely exemplary, and of course, more or fewer valves can be used in different designs and connections. Therefore, the invention should not be limited to the disclosed embodiments, but should include all embodiments within the scope of the dependent claims. In particular, the invention also claims protection for the subject matter and features of the dependent claims independent of the stated claims.

[0058] List of reference numerals

[0059] 1. Temperature control device

[0060] 2. Control device

[0061] 3. Fluid circuit

[0062] 4 Sub-circuits

[0063] 5. Energy Storage

[0064] 5a Battery Management System (BMS)

[0065] 6. Areas through which the river flows

[0066] 7. Vehicle Electrical Subsystem

[0067] 8. Cooling device

[0068] 9. Heating device

[0069] 10 First Pump

[0070] 11 Second Pump

[0071] 12 Valve Device

[0072] Valves 12a, 12b, 12c, and 12d

[0073] 14. Fluid Piping

[0074] 15. Fluid Piping

[0075] 16. Fluid Piping

[0076] 17. Insulation section

[0077] 20. Amount of temperature-controlled fluid

Claims

1. A device (1) for controlling the temperature of an electrical energy storage device (5) in a motor vehicle, comprising: The energy storage device (5); A fluid circuit (3) for controlling the temperature of the energy storage device, the fluid circuit being thermally coupled to and / or capable of thermal coupling with the energy storage device, wherein the fluid circuit enables the supply of temperature control fluid to and from the energy storage device (5). The fluid circuit (3) includes a pump device (10, 11) for conveying the temperature-controlled fluid through the fluid circuit (3), a valve device (12), a cooling device (8) for cooling the temperature-controlled fluid, and a heating device (9) for heating the temperature-controlled fluid. The fluid circuit (3) has a sub-circuit (4), and the heating device (9) is arranged in the sub-circuit. The device (1) is designed to activate the heating operation of the heating device (9) when the motor vehicle is parked and when predetermined heating conditions are met. The valve device (12) controls the fluid coupling between the sub-circuit and the fluid circuit, as well as the supply and discharge of the temperature-controlled fluid heated in the sub-circuit to the energy storage device (5). The device (1) is designed such that, when the heating operation is activated, In the first step (S3), a predetermined portion (20) of the temperature-controlled fluid is heated in the sub-circuit (4) using the heating device (9), wherein the sub-circuit (4) is fluidly separated from the rest of the fluid circuit (3) and / or the energy storage device (5) by the valve device (12), and in the second step (S4), the sub-circuit (4) is fluidly connected to the energy storage device (5) by the valve device (12), and the heated predetermined portion (20) is pumped to the energy storage device by the pump device (10, 11); in a) The energy storage device (5) is thermally coupled to the fluid circuit (3) through a flow region (6), the flow region being formed in the wall region of the energy storage device (5), wherein the predetermined amount (20) of the temperature control fluid heated in the first step corresponds to the capacity of the flow region (6) of the energy storage device, or is within the range of 80%-200% of the capacity of the flow region (6); and / or b) The device is designed to control the valve device (12) and the pump device (10, 11) in the second step (S4) such that the predetermined amount (20) to be heated is pumped into the flow area (6) and held there for a minimum period of time by stopping the flow of the fluid.

2. The apparatus (1) according to claim 1, wherein, The device is designed to execute multiple sequences for heating the energy storage unit (5) when the heating operation is activated, wherein each sequence includes the first step (S3) and the second step (S4).

3. The apparatus (1) according to claim 2, wherein, The device is designed to execute a sequence of multiple heating elements for the energy storage unit (5) when the heating operation is activated, such that sequential pulses of the portion of the temperature-controlled fluid being heated, rather than a continuous flow of the temperature-controlled fluid, are pumped into the energy storage unit (5).

4. The apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein, The capacity of the sub-circuit (4) for the temperature control fluid is less than 50% of the capacity of the fluid circuit (3).

5. The apparatus according to claim 4, wherein, The capacity of the sub-circuit (4) for the temperature control fluid is less than 30% of the capacity of the fluid circuit (3).

6. The apparatus according to claim 5, wherein, The capacity of the sub-circuit (4) for the temperature control fluid is less than 20% of the capacity of the fluid circuit (3).

7. The apparatus (1) according to any one of claims 1 to 3, the apparatus comprising the vehicle electrical subsystem (7) of the motor vehicle, supplying and / or being able to supply voltage to the vehicle electrical subsystem when the ignition device is turned off and / or when the main battery switch of the motor vehicle is turned off, wherein, The heating device (9) is an electrically driven heating device arranged in the vehicle electrical subsystem (7).

8. The apparatus (1) according to claim 7, wherein, When the ignition device is turned off and / or when the main battery switch of the motor vehicle is turned off, voltage is supplied to and / or able to be supplied to the vehicle electrical subsystem through the energy storage device (5).

9. The apparatus (1) according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein, The fluid circuit (3) has two parallel connected pipes (14, 15), and the heating device (9) and the cooling device (8) are arranged in parallel to each other in the two pipes. The valve device (12) can be used to control which of the parallel connected pipes (14, 15) is used and / or can be used to supply fluid flow to the energy storage device (5).

10. The apparatus (1) according to claim 9, wherein, The device (1) is designed to fluidly decouple the piping section (14) with the cooling device (8) from the piping section (16) with the energy storage device (5) via the valve device (12) in the second step (S4).

11. The apparatus (1) according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein, If the temperature of the energy storage device is lower than a predetermined threshold, then the predetermined heating condition is met.

12. The apparatus (1) according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein, The pump assembly (10, 11) includes a first pump (10) arranged in the sub-circuit for conveying the temperature control fluid within the sub-circuit (4) and / or a second pump (11) arranged outside the sub-circuit for conveying the temperature control fluid to the energy storage device (5).

13. The apparatus (1) according to claim 12, wherein, The device is designed to shut down the first pump (10) only after a hysteresis following the shutdown of the heating device, in order to avoid cavitation effects.

14. The apparatus (1) according to any one of claims 1 to 3, a) Wherein, a heat insulation part (17) is provided on or near the heating device, and / or b) Among them, The temperature control fluid is an ethylene glycol-water mixture, and / or c) Wherein, The energy storage device (5) is a lithium-ion battery energy storage device and / or a high-voltage energy storage device.

15. The apparatus (1) according to claim 1, wherein, The energy storage device (5) is a high-voltage battery.

16. The apparatus (1) according to claim 1, wherein, The flow area is formed in the bottom plate of the energy storage device (5).

17. The apparatus (1) according to claim 1, wherein, The predetermined amount (20) of the temperature-controlled fluid heated in the first step is in the range of 90%-130% of the capacity of the flow area (6).

18. A motor vehicle comprising the device (1) according to any one of claims 1 to 17.

19. The motor vehicle according to claim 18, wherein, The motor vehicle in question is a multi-purpose vehicle.

20. The motor vehicle according to claim 18, wherein, The motor vehicle is a truck or a bus.

21. A method for controlling the temperature of an electrical energy storage device (5) in a motor vehicle, wherein, The energy storage device (5) is thermally coupled and / or capable of thermally coupling with a fluid circuit (3) for controlling the temperature of the energy storage device (5), wherein the fluid circuit enables the supply and discharge of temperature control fluid to and from the energy storage device (5), and wherein the fluid circuit (3) includes a pump device (10, 11) for conveying the temperature control fluid through the fluid circuit (3), a valve device (12), a cooling device (8) for cooling the temperature control fluid, and a heating device (9) for heating the temperature control fluid, wherein the fluid circuit (3) has a sub-circuit (4), and the heating device (9) is arranged in the sub-circuit. The method includes: a) While the vehicle is parked, monitor the predetermined heating conditions; and b) When the predetermined heating conditions are met, the heating operation of the heating device (9) is activated, wherein the fluid coupling between the sub-circuit and the fluid circuit and the supply and discharge of the temperature control fluid heated in the sub-circuit to the energy storage device (5) are controlled by the valve device (12). When the heating operation is activated, in the first step (S3), a predetermined portion (20) of the temperature control fluid is heated in the sub-circuit (4) using the heating device (9), wherein the sub-circuit (4) is fluidly separated from the rest of the fluid circuit (3) and / or the energy storage device (5) by the valve device (12), and in the second step (S4), the sub-circuit (4) is fluidly connected to the energy storage device (5) by the valve device (12), and the predetermined portion (20) to be heated is pumped to the energy storage device by the pump device (10, 11); in i) The energy storage device (5) is thermally coupled to the fluid circuit (3) through a flow region (6), the flow region being formed in the wall region of the energy storage device (5), wherein the predetermined amount (20) of the temperature control fluid heated in the first step corresponds to the capacity of the flow region (6) of the energy storage device, or is within the range of 80%-200% of the capacity of the flow region (6); and / or ii) The device is designed to control the valve device (12) and the pump device (10, 11) in the second step (S4) such that the predetermined amount (20) to be heated is pumped into the flow area (6) and held there for a minimum period of time by stopping the flow of the fluid.

22. The method according to claim 21, wherein, The flow area is formed in the bottom plate of the energy storage device (5).

23. The method according to claim 21, wherein, The predetermined amount (20) of the temperature-controlled fluid heated in the first step is in the range of 90%-130% of the capacity of the flow area (6).

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