A method for designing drilling and blasting holes in open pit benches

Abstract

The present invention discloses a method for designing hole positions for step drilling and blasting in an open-pit mine, comprising: determining a hole layout design area in a free-face drilling area of ​​the open-pit mine; determining external hole positions on a head row design line and a side row design line based on acquired hole layout parameters; determining a first internal design line parallel to a side row direction line based on the curvature of the side row design line, the first internal design line intersecting with a rear row direction line at an initial hole position; setting the first internal design line as an object to a side row direction line array based on the hole layout parameters to determine all internal design lines; determining internal hole positions based on hole layout parameters and the length of the internal design line; and determining hole position layout data in combination with all external hole positions and internal hole positions. The present invention is aimed at the double free-face situation in step drilling and blasting in an open-pit mine, and performs hole layout design according to factors such as the drilling area range, lithology, and minimum resistance line, thereby solving the problem of uneven hole network parameters in the overall drilling area during actual operation, improving blasting quality, and reducing perforation costs.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the field of drilling and blasting hole arrangement, in particular to a method for designing drilling and blasting hole positions on open-pit mine steps. Background Art

[0002] In the production process of open-pit mines, step drilling and blasting is a relatively important link. The quality of drilling and blasting directly affects whether the subsequent production can proceed smoothly. When designing the hole layout, the first row, side row, rear row and hole positions in the drilling area should be designed according to factors such as the drilling area range, rock properties, and minimum resistance line. Different hole network parameters affect the overall hole layout efficiency of the drilling area and also affect the blasting quality.

[0003] The single free face or multi-free face drilling area is the most frequent area for blasting in open-pit mines. The free face is the interface between the rock mass and the air within the blasting range. The existence of the free face is conducive to the reflection and stretching effect of the explosion shock wave, causing the rock to fall and radial cracks, and prompting the explosion gas to move toward the free face, forming a bulge → crushing → throwing. The larger the free face and the more the number, the smaller the resistance of the rock, the easier it is to crush, the less explosives are consumed, and the better the blasting effect.

[0004] For open-pit mines, especially metal mines, double free surface hole layout is often faced according to the adjustment of production plan. Figure 1 , which shows a double free surface consisting of a head row free surface 1 and a side row free surface 2 formed by the last blasting, wherein the slope top line on the head row free surface 1 is called the head row slope top line 3, and the slope top line on the side row free surface 2 is called the side row slope top line 4, Figure 1 A slope bottom line 5 is also shown.

[0005] At present, the bench drilling and blasting in open-pit mines mainly relies on the experience of technical personnel. Generally, the holes are arranged by manually measuring the distance and direction of each hole position. In different environments, the distance between each hole position is manually measured and the hole position is adjusted according to the lithology and the limitations of adjustment parameters. Therefore, the workload of hole arrangement is very large. Summary of the invention

[0006] In view of the problems existing in the above-mentioned prior art, the present invention provides a method for designing drilling and blasting hole positions in open-pit mine steps, which solves the uneven hole network parameters in the overall drilling area caused by factors such as instrument accuracy, manual hole layout errors, and loss of markers during actual operation, thereby improving the blasting quality and reducing the drilling cost.

[0007] The invention discloses a method for designing drilling and blasting holes in an open-pit mine step, comprising:

[0008] S1: Determine the hole arrangement design area in the open-pit mine free face drilling area; wherein the hole arrangement design area includes: a head row design line, a side row design line, a rear row direction line parallel to the bottom line of the open-pit mine, and a side row direction line parallel to the line connecting the two ends of the side row top line, which are connected in sequence to form a closed shape.

[0009] S2: determining the external hole positions on the head row design line and the side row design line based on the acquired hole layout parameters;

[0010] S3: Determine a first internal design line parallel to the side row direction line based on the curvature of the side row design line, wherein the first internal design line intersects with the rear row direction line at an initial hole position.

[0011] S4: Based on the hole arrangement parameters, a line array is set in the side direction with the first internal design line as the object to determine all the internal design lines in the hole arrangement design area.

[0012] S5: Determine the internal hole position on each internal design line based on the hole layout parameters and the length of the internal design line itself.

[0013] S6: Determine hole layout data by combining all external hole positions and internal hole positions.

[0014] Furthermore, before step S1, the method further includes:

[0015] Based on the on-site measurement point data, determine the intersecting top line of the first row of slopes and the top line of the side row of slopes; the non-intersecting ends of the top line of the first row of slopes and the top line of the side row of slopes are their respective end points, and the intersecting ends are their starting points;

[0016] The step S1 comprises:

[0017] Based on the end point of the side row slope top line and the field measurement point data of the upward measurement point along the bottom line of the open-pit mine from the end point of the side row slope top line, the rear row direction line is determined;

[0018] Based on the end point of the first row slope top line and the direction of the line connecting the starting point and the end point of the side row slope top line, determine the side row direction line intersecting with the rear row direction line;

[0019] Move the top line of the first row of slopes inwards along the direction of the rear row of direction lines by a safe distance to obtain the design line of the first row of slopes; move the top line of the side row of slopes inwards along the direction of the side row of direction lines by a safe distance to obtain the design line of the side row of slopes;

[0020] Determine the closed area surrounded by the front row design line, side row design line, back row direction line and side row direction line as the hole layout design area.

[0021] Further, in step S2, the hole arrangement parameters include: hole spacing, row spacing, first row equal-distance hole spacing, first row sparse hole spacing, first row dense hole spacing, side row equal-distance hole spacing, side row sparse hole spacing, and side row dense hole spacing.

[0022] Furthermore, the step S2 comprises:

[0023] Obtain the chassis resistance line of the free surface of the first row of the open-pit mine and compare it with the row spacing. If it is greater than or equal to 1.3 times the row spacing, adopt a sparse and dense hole arrangement method, and take the intersection of the first row design line and the side row design line as the starting point of the hole arrangement, and use the first row sparse hole spacing and the first row dense hole spacing as the hole spacing parameters to determine the external hole positions on the first row design line; if it is less than 1.3 times the row spacing, adopt an equidistant hole arrangement method, and take the intersection of the first row design line and the side row design line as the starting point of the hole arrangement, and use the equidistant hole spacing as the hole spacing parameter to determine the external hole positions on the first row design line;

[0024] Obtain the chassis resistance line of the free surface of the side row of the open-pit mine and compare it with the row spacing. If it is greater than or equal to 1.3 times the row spacing, a sparse and dense hole layout method is adopted, and the intersection of the head row design line and the side row design line is used as the starting point of the hole layout, and the side row sparse hole spacing and side row dense hole spacing are used as the hole spacing parameters to determine the external hole positions on the side row design line; if it is less than 1.3 times the row spacing, an equidistant hole layout method is adopted, and the intersection of the head row design line and the side row design line is used as the starting point of the hole layout, and the equidistant hole spacing is used as the hole spacing parameter to determine the external hole positions on the side row design line.

[0025] Furthermore, the step S3 comprises:

[0026] Get the shortest and longest straight lines from the side row design line to the side row direction line along the back row direction line; determine the curvature of the side row design line by the following expression:

[0027] r=△h / a / 0.154

[0028] Among them, r is the curvature of the edge row design line, △h is the difference between the farthest distance of the straight line and the closest distance of the straight line, and a is the hole spacing in the hole layout parameters;

[0029] The distance between the initial hole position and the end point of the edge row design line is determined by the following expression:

[0030]

[0031] Among them, h 后 is the length of the rear direction line, h min is the shortest straight line;

[0032] A first internal design line passing through the initial hole position and parallel to the side row direction line is determined, and the intersection point of the first internal design line and the head row design line is the initial point.

[0033] Furthermore, the step S4 comprises:

[0034] The first internal design line is taken as the array object, the hole spacing of the hole layout parameter is taken as the array interval, and the array is set in a linear array in the side direction to determine all the internal design lines in the hole layout design area.

[0035] Furthermore, the step S5 comprises:

[0036] Determine the intrinsic length of each internal design line;

[0037] The corresponding design line equal number is determined based on the length of each internal design line. The expression is as follows:

[0038]

[0039] Among them, L is the length of the internal design line, b is the row spacing, and m is the design line equal fraction;

[0040] The corresponding internal hole positions are determined based on the design line equal fractions of each internal design line.

[0041] Furthermore, before step S6, the following steps are also included:

[0042] Determine the hole position supplementary parallel lines that are set parallel to the rear direction line and intersect the side design line from each internal hole position on the first internal design line, and determine the internal hole positions added on each hole position supplementary parallel line based on the following expression:

[0043]

[0044] Where r is the curvature of the edge row design line.

[0045] The present invention has at least the following beneficial effects:

[0046] Aiming at the double free surface situation in the step drilling and blasting of open-pit mines, the present invention designs the hole layout for the first row, side row, rear row and hole positions in the drilling area according to factors such as the drilling area range, lithology, and minimum resistance line, thereby solving the problem of uneven hole network parameters in the overall drilling area caused by factors such as instrument accuracy, manual hole layout error, and loss of markers during actual operation, thereby improving the blasting quality and reducing the perforation cost.

[0047] Other beneficial effects of the present invention will be described in detail in the specific implementation section. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0048] In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings required for use in the embodiments or the description of the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying creative work.

[0049] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the free face of open-pit mine blasting.

[0050] Figure 2 It is a profile diagram of the double free surface drilling area disclosed in the preferred embodiment of the present invention.

[0051] Figure 3 It is a contour map of the on-site drilling area disclosed in the preferred embodiment of the present invention.

[0052] Figure 4 It is a schematic diagram of the position of the head row design lines disclosed in the preferred embodiment of the present invention.

[0053] Figure 5 It is a schematic diagram of the position of the edge row design line disclosed in the preferred embodiment of the present invention.

[0054] Figure 6 It is the hole arrangement design area disclosed in the preferred embodiment of the present invention.

[0055] Figure 7 It is the equidistant hole layout diagram of the head row design lines disclosed in the preferred embodiment of the present invention.

[0056] Figure 8 It is the head row design line density hole pattern disclosed in the preferred embodiment of the present invention.

[0057] Fig. 9 It is an external hole layout diagram disclosed in a preferred embodiment of the present invention.

[0058] Fig.10 This is another external hole layout diagram disclosed in a preferred embodiment of the present invention.

[0059] Fig.11 This is another external hole layout diagram disclosed in a preferred embodiment of the present invention.

[0060] Fig.12 This is another external hole layout diagram disclosed in a preferred embodiment of the present invention.

[0061] Fig.13 It is a schematic diagram of the curvature of the edge row design line disclosed in the preferred embodiment of the present invention.

[0062] Fig.14 This is one of the hole layout structure diagrams disclosed in the preferred embodiment of the present invention.

[0063] Fig.15 This is one of the hole layout structure diagrams disclosed in the preferred embodiment of the present invention.

[0064] Fig.16 This is one of the hole layout structure diagrams disclosed in the preferred embodiment of the present invention.

[0065] Fig.17This is one of the hole layout structure diagrams disclosed in the preferred embodiment of the present invention.

[0066] Fig.18 It is an implementation flow chart disclosed in the preferred embodiment of the present invention.

[0067] Among them, 1-first row free surface, 2-side row free surface, 3-first row slope top line, 4-side row slope top line, 5-slope bottom line, 6-back row direction line, 7-side row direction line, 8-first row design line, 9-side row design line, 10-first row slope top line starting point / side row slope top line starting point, 11-on-site measuring point, 12-shortest straight line, 13-longest straight line, 14-first row slope top line end point, 15-side row slope top line end point. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0068] To make the purpose, technical solution and advantages of the present invention clearer, the technical solution of the present invention will be described in detail below. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than all the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other implementation methods obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work belong to the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0069] like Fig.18 As shown, the present invention discloses a method for designing drilling and blasting holes in an open-pit mine step, comprising:

[0070] S1: Determine the hole layout design area in the open-pit mine free face drilling area, and the drilling holes are arranged in the hole layout design area. The hole layout design area includes: the head row design line 8, the side row design line 9, the back row direction line 6 parallel to the bottom line 5 of the open-pit mine, and the side row direction line 7 parallel to the connecting line of the two ends of the side row slope top line 4, which are connected in sequence to form a closed shape.

[0071] S2: determining the external hole positions on the front row design line 8 and the side row design line 9 based on the acquired hole arrangement parameters;

[0072] S3: Determine a first internal design line parallel to the side row direction line 7 based on the curvature of the side row design line 9, wherein the first internal design line intersects with the rear row direction line 6 at an initial hole position.

[0073] S4: Arraying the first internal design line as the object toward the side direction line 7 based on the hole arrangement parameters to determine all the internal design lines in the hole arrangement design area.

[0074] S5: determining the internal hole positions on each internal design line based on the hole arrangement parameters and the length of the internal design line itself;

[0075] S6: Determine hole layout data by combining all external hole positions and internal hole positions. Preferably, the hole layout data may include coordinates of external holes and internal hole positions.

[0076] In some embodiments of the present invention, to determine the boundaries of the hole layout design area, the top line 3 of the first row of slopes and the top line 4 of the side row of slopes must first be determined. Figure 2 and Figure 3 As shown, before the step S1, it also includes: based on the data of the on-site measuring point 11, determine the intersecting top line 3 of the first row of slope and the top line 4 of the side row of slope. For example, a GPS handheld device can be used to measure the site, and a computer or other data processing device can measure points according to the trends of the top line 3 of the first row of slope and the top line 4 of the side row of slope. The measuring points are connected in sequence to form the top line 3 of the first row of slope and the top line 4 of the side row of slope. Among them, the end of the top line 3 of the first row of slope and the top line 4 of the side row of slope that does not intersect is their respective end point, and the end of the intersection is the starting point. The step S1 includes:

[0077] S101: Based on the end point of the side slope top line 4 and the data of the field measuring point 11 starting from the end point of the side slope top line 4 and moving toward the upper measuring point along the bottom line 5 of the open-pit mine, determine the rear direction line 6. Figure 3 As shown, starting from the end point of the side row slope top line 4, a point is measured along the direction of the slope bottom line 5 to form the rear row direction line 6.

[0078] S102: Based on the end point of the first row slope top line 3 and the direction of the line connecting the starting point and the end point of the side row slope top line 4, determine the side row direction line 7 intersecting with the rear row direction line 6. Figure 3 As shown, the end point 14 of the top row slope line is parallel to the line connecting the starting point 10 of the side row slope line and the end point 15 of the side row slope line, and intersects with the rear row direction line 6.

[0079] S103: Move the top line 3 of the first row of slopes inwardly along the direction of the rear row of direction lines 6 by a safe distance to obtain the design line 8 of the first row of slopes; move the top line 4 of the side row of slopes inwardly along the direction of the side row of direction lines 7 by a safe distance to obtain the design line 9 of the side row of slopes. Figure 4 As shown, combined with the measuring points on the top line 3 of the first row slope, according to the safe distance for the drilling rig to operate normally (generally 1.5 to 2 meters), the measuring points are moved in sequence in the direction of the rear row direction line 6 to obtain the first row design line 8. Figure 5 As shown, combined with the on-site measuring points 11 on the side row slope top line 4, according to the safe distance for normal operation of the drilling rig (generally 1.5 to 2 meters), each on-site measuring point 11 is moved in turn in the direction of the side row direction line 7 to obtain the side row design line 9.

[0080] S104: Determine the closed area surrounded by the front row design line 8, the side row design line 9, the rear row direction line 6 and the side row direction line 7 as the hole layout design area, see Figure 6 , that is, the final hole layout range is a closed area composed of the front row design line 8, the side row design line 9, the back row direction line 6 and the side row direction line 7.

[0081] In some embodiments of the present invention, the hole layout parameters include various parameters required for subsequent hole position design, including: hole spacing (a), row spacing (b), first row equal spacing hole spacing (a), 头 ), the first row of sparse holes (a2), the first row of dense holes (a1), the side row of equal distance holes (a 边 ), sparse hole spacing on the side (a4), and dense hole spacing on the side (a3).

[0082] In some embodiments of the present invention, step S2 includes:

[0083] For the head row design line 8, first determine whether the hole arrangement method is equidistant hole arrangement or sparse and dense hole arrangement. Specifically, obtain the chassis resistance line (W) of the open-pit mine head row free surface 1 头底 ) is compared with the row spacing. If it is greater than or equal to 1.3 times the row spacing, a sparse and dense hole arrangement method is adopted, and the intersection of the front row design line 8 and the side row design line 9 is used as the starting point of the hole arrangement. The front row sparse hole spacing and the front row dense hole spacing are alternately set as the hole spacing parameters to determine the external hole positions on the front row design line 8. See Figure 8 If it is less than 1.3 times the row spacing, the equidistant hole arrangement method is adopted, and the intersection of the front row design line 8 and the side row design line 9 is used as the starting point of the hole arrangement, and the equidistant hole spacing is used as the hole spacing parameter to determine the external hole position on the front row design line 8, see Figure 7 .

[0084] For the side row design line 9, it is also necessary to determine the hole arrangement method first. Specifically, obtain the chassis resistance line (W 边底 ) compared with the row spacing. If it is greater than or equal to 1.3 times the row spacing, a sparse and dense hole arrangement method is adopted, and the intersection of the head row design line 8 and the side row design line 9 is used as the starting point of hole arrangement, and the side row sparse hole spacing and the side row dense hole spacing are used as the hole spacing parameters to determine the external hole positions on the side row design line 9; if it is less than 1.3 times the row spacing, an equidistant hole arrangement method is adopted, and the intersection of the head row design line 8 and the side row design line 9 is used as the starting point of hole arrangement, and the equidistant hole spacing is used as the hole spacing parameter to determine the external hole positions on the side row design line 9. The final possible external hole arrangement structure can be found in Figures 9 to 12 .

[0085] In some embodiments of the present invention, after determining the external hole positions, the internal hole positions in the hole layout design area are further determined. Specifically, Fig.13 As shown, the step S3 includes:

[0086] Determine the initial hole position P1 on the rear row direction line 6. The position of P1 is related to the curvature of the side row design line 9. Obtain the shortest straight line 12 and the longest straight line 13 of the side row design line 9 along the rear row direction line 6 from the side row direction line 7. Fig.13 The curvature of the edge row design line 9 is determined by the following expression:

[0087] r = △h / a / 0.154 (1)

[0088] Wherein, r is the curvature of the side row design line 9, △h is the difference between the maximum distance of the straight line and the minimum distance of the straight line, and a is the hole pitch in the hole layout parameters. When r ≤ 1, the length of the P1 from the end of the side row design line 9 is a + (h 后 -h min )(m); when 1 < r ≤ 2, the length of the P1 from the end of the side row design line 9 is 2a + (h 后 -h min )(m); when r > 2, the length of the P1 from the end of the side row design line 9 is 3a + (h 后 -h min )(m). The distance between the initial hole position and the end of the side row design line 9 is determined by the following expression:

[0089]

[0090] Wherein, h 后 is the length of the rear row direction line 6, and h min is the shortest straight line 12.

[0091] Determine the first internal design line passing through the initial hole position and parallel to the side row direction line 7. The intersection point of the first internal design line and the head row design line 8 is the initial position, and the intersection of the first internal design line and the head row design line 8 is at point Q1.

[0092] In some embodiments of the present invention, the step S4 includes: taking the first internal design line as the array object, and using the hole pitch of the hole layout parameters as the array interval, and arranging arrays in the side row direction line 7 to determine all the internal design lines in the hole layout design area.

[0093] In some embodiments of the present invention, after determining all the internal design lines, it is necessary to determine the internal hole positions on each internal design line according to the curvature of the side row design line 9. Specifically, the step S5 includes: determining the self-length of each internal design line; determining the corresponding design line equal division number based on the self-length of each internal design line, and the expression is as follows:

[0094]

[0095] Wherein, L is the self-length of the internal design line, b is the row pitch, and m is the design line equal division number.

[0096] Finally, determine the corresponding internal hole positions based on the design line equal division numbers of each internal design line, that is, arrange the internal hole positions at the positions of each equal division of the internal design line.

[0097] In some embodiments of the present invention, before step S6, the method further includes: determining hole position supplementary parallel lines that are arranged parallel to the rear row direction line 6 and intersect the side row design line 9 from each internal hole position on the first internal design line, and determining the internal hole positions added on each hole position supplementary parallel line based on the following expression:

[0098]

[0099] Wherein, r is the curvature of the edge row design line 9.

[0100] In some embodiments of the present invention, the external hole positions obtained in steps S1 to S2 and the internal hole positions obtained in steps S3 to S5 are combined to obtain the total hole position layout data of the hole layout design area. For possible results, see Figure 14 to Figure 17 .

[0101] The above description is only a specific implementation mode of the present invention, but the protection scope of the present invention is not limited thereto. Any technician familiar with the technical field can easily think of changes or substitutions within the technical scope disclosed by the present invention, which should be covered by the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for designing drilling and blasting holes in open pit benches, characterized in that: include: S1: Determine the hole arrangement design area in the open-pit mine free face drilling area; wherein the hole arrangement design area includes: a head row design line, a side row design line, a rear row direction line parallel to the bottom line of the open-pit mine, and a side row direction line parallel to the line connecting the two ends of the side row top line, which are sequentially connected to form a closed shape; S2: determining the external hole positions on the head row design line and the side row design line based on the acquired hole layout parameters; S3: determining a first internal design line parallel to the side row direction line based on the curvature of the side row design line, wherein the first internal design line intersects with the rear row direction line at an initial hole position; S4: Based on the hole arrangement parameters, the first internal design line is taken as the object to set a line array in the side direction to determine all the internal design lines in the hole arrangement design area; S5: determining the internal hole positions on each internal design line based on the hole arrangement parameters and the length of the internal design line itself; S6: Determine hole layout data by combining all external hole positions and internal hole positions; Before step S1, the method further includes: Based on the on-site measurement point data, determine the intersecting top line of the first row of slopes and the top line of the side row of slopes; the non-intersecting ends of the top line of the first row of slopes and the top line of the side row of slopes are their respective end points, and the intersecting ends are their starting points; The step S1 comprises: Based on the end point of the side row slope top line and the field measurement point data of the upward measurement point along the bottom line of the open-pit mine from the end point of the side row slope top line, the rear row direction line is determined; Based on the end point of the first row slope top line and the direction of the line connecting the starting point and the end point of the side row slope top line, determine the side row direction line intersecting with the rear row direction line; Move the top line of the first row of slopes inwards along the direction of the rear row of direction lines by a safe distance to obtain the design line of the first row of slopes; move the top line of the side row of slopes inwards along the direction of the side row of direction lines by a safe distance to obtain the design line of the side row of slopes; Determine the closed area surrounded by the front row design line, the side row design line, the rear row direction line and the side row direction line as the hole layout design area; The step S2 comprises: Obtain the chassis resistance line of the free surface of the first row of the open-pit mine and compare it with the row spacing. If it is greater than or equal to 1.3 times the row spacing, adopt a sparse and dense hole arrangement method, and take the intersection of the first row design line and the side row design line as the starting point of the hole arrangement, and use the first row sparse hole spacing and the first row dense hole spacing as the hole spacing parameters to determine the external hole positions on the first row design line; if it is less than 1.3 times the row spacing, adopt an equidistant hole arrangement method, and take the intersection of the first row design line and the side row design line as the starting point of the hole arrangement, and use the equidistant hole spacing as the hole spacing parameter to determine the external hole positions on the first row design line; Obtain the chassis resistance line of the free surface of the side row of the open-pit mine and compare it with the row spacing. If it is greater than or equal to 1.3 times the row spacing, adopt a sparse and dense hole arrangement method, and use the intersection of the head row design line and the side row design line as the starting point of the hole arrangement, and use the side row sparse hole spacing and the side row dense hole spacing as the hole spacing parameters to determine the external hole positions on the side row design line; if it is less than 1.3 times the row spacing, adopt an equidistant hole arrangement method, and use the intersection of the head row design line and the side row design line as the starting point of the hole arrangement, and use the equidistant hole spacing as the hole spacing parameter to determine the external hole positions on the side row design line; The step S3 comprises: Obtain the shortest straight line and the longest straight line from the side row direction line along the rear row direction line to the side row design line; The curvature of the edge design line is determined by the following expression: r=△h / a / 0.154 Among them, r is the curvature of the edge row design line, △h is the difference between the farthest distance of the straight line and the closest distance of the straight line, and a is the hole spacing in the hole layout parameters; The distance between the initial hole position and the end point of the edge row design line is determined by the following expression: Among them, h 后 is the length of the rear direction line, h min is the shortest straight line; Determine a first internal design line that passes through the initial hole position and is parallel to the side row direction line, and the intersection point of the first internal design line and the head row design line is the initial point; The step S5 comprises: Determine the intrinsic length of each internal design line; The corresponding design line equal number is determined based on the length of each internal design line. The expression is as follows: Among them, L is the length of the internal design line, b is the row spacing, and m is the design line equal fraction; Determine the corresponding internal hole position based on the design line equal fraction of each internal design line; Before step S6, the method further includes: Determine the hole position supplementary parallel lines that are set parallel to the rear direction line and intersect the side design line from each internal hole position on the first internal design line, and determine the internal hole positions added on each hole position supplementary parallel line based on the following expression: Where r is the curvature of the edge row design line.

2. The method for designing drilling and blasting holes in open pit benches according to claim 1 is characterized in that: In step S2, the hole arrangement parameters include: hole spacing, row spacing, first row equidistant hole spacing, first row sparse hole spacing, first row dense hole spacing, side row equidistant hole spacing, side row sparse hole spacing, and side row dense hole spacing.

3. The method for designing drilling and blasting holes in open pit benches according to claim 2 is characterized in that: The step S4 comprises: The first internal design line is taken as the array object, the hole spacing of the hole layout parameter is taken as the array interval, and the array is set in a linear array in the side direction to determine all the internal design lines in the hole layout design area.

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