A method of grape cultivation

Abstract

This invention discloses a grape cultivation method, comprising the following steps: (1) land preparation; (2) planting; (3) trellising: after the new shoots of the grape seedlings have grown, trellises are constructed for the grape vines to climb; the trellises include a first trellise, a second trellise, and a third trellise, which are spaced apart; (4) field management; and (5) pest and disease control. This grape cultivation method can increase fertilizer efficiency, promote grape growth, and improve grape quality.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of planting technology, and more particularly to a method for grape cultivation. Background Technology

[0002] Grapes are delicious and highly nutritious. Ripe berries contain 10-30% sugar, primarily glucose, which can be directly absorbed by the body. They also contain minerals such as calcium, potassium, phosphorus, and iron, as well as various vitamins and essential amino acids. From a Traditional Chinese Medicine perspective, grapes are neutral in nature, sweet and sour in taste, and non-toxic. Traditional Chinese medicine believes that grapes can "nourish blood and strengthen intelligence, invigorate muscles and bones, strengthen the stomach and promote saliva production to relieve thirst, replenish qi and promote urination, nourish the kidneys and liver for a healthy complexion." Grapes are highly valuable for both culinary and medicinal purposes. Their main effects and functions include: relieving fatigue, anti-toxic and antibacterial properties, improving allergy symptoms, preventing and fighting cancer, combating anemia, regulating the stomach and intestines, promoting bile secretion, diuresis and reducing swelling, calming the fetus, nourishing and stimulating the brain, and beautifying the skin.

[0003] Most current technologies for treating grapes involve spraying pesticides and chemical fertilizers, which contain many heavy metals harmful to human health and easily lead to substandard pesticide residues. The effectiveness of organic fertilizers is also unsatisfactory. Some farmers habitually mix wood ash with organic fertilizer and straw in water-filled pits for composting, while others use wood ash as toilet liners or mix it with human excrement and manure. Because wood ash is alkaline, these practices cause the volatilization of nitrogen in the organic fertilizer, reducing its effectiveness. Such treatment of wood ash not only wastes fertilizer but also pollutes the environment. Summary of the Invention

[0004] To address the aforementioned problems, this invention provides a grape cultivation method that can increase fertilizer efficiency, promote grape growth, and improve grape quality.

[0005] The present invention achieves the above objectives by adopting the following technical solutions:

[0006] A method for cultivating grapes, comprising the following steps:

[0007] (1) Land preparation: Select a planting site with fertile soil, convenient drainage and irrigation, and good ventilation. Deeply plow and apply organic fertilizer.

[0008] (2) Planting: Select healthy grape seedlings and plant them in rows with a row spacing of 0.9-1.4m and a seedling spacing of 0.75-1.25m. The planting hole depth is 32-41cm.

[0009] (3) Building grape trellises: After the new shoots of the grape seedlings grow out, build grape trellises for the grape vines to climb; the grape trellises include a first grape trellis, a second grape trellis and a third grape trellis, which are set at intervals;

[0010] (4) Field management: Apply 1.2kg to 1.7kg of the organic fertilizer to each grape seedling, and apply fertilizer at least once a month; keep the grape field moist and water it manually every 8 to 11 days.

[0011] (5) Pest and disease control: Spray the grapevines with plant insecticide every 4 to 6 days during the flowering and fruit enlargement period, and bag the grapes after fruiting.

[0012] Preferably, in steps (1) and (4), the organic fertilizer, by weight, includes 130-150 parts of cow manure, 30-40 parts of horse manure, 30-40 parts of fish manure, 70-90 parts of wood ash, 40-46 parts of grape pomace, 60-80 parts of grapevines, 30-38 parts of crab shell powder, 20-30 parts of mantis shrimp shells, 35-45 parts of nut shells, 40-60 parts of fruit peels, and 25-35 parts of bamboo shoot shells.

[0013] Preferably, the nut shell is one or a mixture of two or more of the following in any proportion: walnut shell, pistachio shell, macadamia nut shell, pecan shell, hazelnut shell, peanut shell, sunflower seed shell, and chestnut shell.

[0014] Preferably, the peel is one or a mixture of two or more of the following in any proportion: orange peel, dragon fruit peel, banana peel, apple peel, peach peel, watermelon peel, cantaloupe peel, papaya peel, yellow peel, and loquat peel.

[0015] Preferably, the organic fertilizer is obtained by mixing the organic fertilizer evenly according to the weight ratio and fermenting it for 12 to 15 days.

[0016] Preferably, in step (3), the first grape trellis includes a first vertical pole and at least six first side poles. The first side poles are straight poles and are evenly distributed on both sides of the first vertical pole. The distance between each first side pole and the horizon is different.

[0017] Preferably, the first side bar forms an angle of 30° to 90° with the first vertical bar.

[0018] Preferably, in step (3), the second grape trellis includes a second vertical pole and at least six second side poles. The second side poles are arc-shaped and are evenly distributed on both sides of the second vertical pole. The distance between each second side pole and the horizon is different.

[0019] Preferably, in step (3), the third grape trellis includes an inverted U-shaped rod and at least six third side rods, the third side rods being spaced apart on the inverted U-shaped rod.

[0020] Preferably, in step (5), before bagging the grapes, the bags used for bagging are first punched with a needle.

[0021] The beneficial effects of this invention are:

[0022] The grape planting method provided by this invention uses a grape trellis consisting of a first grape trellis, a second grape trellis, and a third grape trellis. These three different types of grape trellises are set up at intervals to provide grapes with diverse climbing methods, increase the space utilization of the planting area, and further promote grape growth.

[0023] The grape cultivation method provided by this invention utilizes a diverse and nutrient-rich organic fertilizer. Cow manure, horse manure, and fish manure contain cellulose, hemicellulose, lignin, protein, organic matter, urea, uric acid, hippuric acid, and inorganic salts such as potassium, sodium, calcium, and magnesium. Grape pomace and grapevines contain essential elements for grape growth. Crab shells and mantis shrimp shells provide abundant calcium carbonate and protein, while nut shells and bamboo shoot shells provide abundant vitamins and lignin. Furthermore, the wood ash in the organic fertilizer is alkaline, while fruit peels contain fruit acids. Fermenting the wood ash and fruit peels together neutralizes the acid and alkali, effectively preventing the volatilization of nitrogen in the organic fertilizer, increasing its effectiveness, and improving grape quality. In addition, before bagging the grapes, the bags are perforated with needles to allow the grapes more contact with air, promoting aerobic respiration and growth. Attached Figure Description

[0024] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the first grape trellis in the grape planting method of the present invention;

[0025] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the second grape trellis in the grape planting method of the present invention;

[0026] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the third grape trellis in the grape planting method of the present invention.

[0027] In the diagram, 1-first grape trellis, 11-first vertical pole, 12-first side pole, 2-second grape trellis, 21-second vertical pole, 22-second side pole, 3-third grape trellis, 31-inverted U-shaped pole, 32-third side pole. Detailed Implementation

[0028] The present invention will now be described in detail with reference to specific embodiments.

[0029] Example 1

[0030] A method for cultivating grapes, comprising the following steps:

[0031] (1) Land preparation: Select a fertile planting site with convenient drainage and irrigation and good ventilation. Deeply plow and apply organic fertilizer. The organic fertilizer, by weight, includes 130 parts cow manure, 30 parts horse manure, 30 parts fish manure, 70 parts wood ash, 40 parts grape pomace, 60 parts grapevines, 30 parts crab shell powder, 20 parts mantis shrimp shells, 35 parts nut shells, 40 parts fruit peels, and 25 parts bamboo shoot shells. Among them, the nut shells are any ratio of walnut shells, pistachio shells, macadamia nut shells, and chestnut shells. The fruit peels are any ratio of orange peel, dragon fruit peel, banana peel, and loquat peel. The organic fertilizer is fermented for 12 days after being mixed evenly according to the weight ratio.

[0032] (2) Planting: Select healthy grape seedlings and plant them in rows with a row spacing of 0.9m and a seedling spacing of 0.75m. The planting hole depth is 32cm.

[0033] (3) Constructing a grape trellis: After the grape seedlings have sprouted new shoots, construct a grape trellis for the grape vines to climb; such as Figures 1-3 The grape trellis includes a first grape trellis 1, a second grape trellis 2, and a third grape trellis 3. The first grape trellis 1, the second grape trellis 2, and the third grape trellis 3 are arranged alternately. Specifically, for three adjacent rows, the first row is equipped with the first grape trellis 1, the second row with the second grape trellis 2, and the third row with the third grape trellis 3. The first grape trellis 1 includes a first vertical pole 11 and six first side poles 12. The first side poles 12 are straight poles, evenly distributed on both sides of the first vertical pole 11, and each first side pole 12 has a different distance from the ground. The first side poles 12 form an angle of 30° to 90° with the first vertical pole 11. That is, the first side poles 12 can be set perpendicular to the first vertical pole 11, or at any acute angle between 30° and 90°. The second grape trellis 2 includes a second vertical pole 21 and six second side poles 22. The second side poles 22 are curved poles, evenly distributed on both sides of the second vertical pole 21, and each second side pole 22 has a different distance from the ground. The third grape trellis 3 includes an inverted U-shaped pole 31 and six third side poles 32, with the third side poles 32 spaced apart on the inverted U-shaped pole 31.

[0034] (4) Field management: Apply 1.2 kg of the organic fertilizer to each grape seedling, and apply fertilizer at least once a month; keep the grape field moist and water it manually once every 8 days;

[0035] (5) Pest and disease control: During the flowering and fruit enlargement stages of grapes, spray the grapevines with a plant insecticide every 4 days, and bag the grapes after fruiting. Before bagging the grapes, poke holes in the bags with a needle.

[0036] Example 2

[0037] A method for cultivating grapes, comprising the following steps:

[0038] (1) Land preparation: Select a fertile planting site with convenient drainage and irrigation and good ventilation, deep plow, and apply organic fertilizer. The organic fertilizer, by weight, includes 140 parts cow manure, 35 parts horse manure, 35 parts fish manure, 80 parts wood ash, 43 parts grape pomace, 70 parts grapevines, 34 parts crab shell powder, 25 parts mantis shrimp shells, 40 parts nut shells, 50 parts fruit peels, and 30 parts bamboo shoot shells. Among them, the nut shells are any ratio of pecan shells, hazelnut shells, peanut shells, sunflower seed shells, and chestnut shells. The fruit peels are any ratio of watermelon rinds, cantaloupe rinds, papaya rinds, wampee rinds, and loquat rinds. The organic fertilizer is obtained by mixing the organic fertilizers evenly according to the weight ratio and fermenting for 13 days.

[0039] (2) Planting: Select healthy grape seedlings and plant them in rows with a row spacing of 1.15m and a seedling spacing of 1m. The planting hole depth is 36.5cm.

[0040] (3) Constructing a grape trellis: After the grape seedlings have sprouted new shoots, construct a grape trellis for the grape vines to climb; such as Figures 1-3 The grape trellis includes a first grape trellis 1, a second grape trellis 2, and a third grape trellis 3. The first grape trellis 1, the second grape trellis 2, and the third grape trellis 3 are arranged alternately. Specifically, for three adjacent rows, the first row is equipped with the first grape trellis 1, the second row with the second grape trellis 2, and the third row with the third grape trellis 3. The first grape trellis 1 includes a first vertical pole 11 and six first side poles 12. The first side poles 12 are straight poles, evenly distributed on both sides of the first vertical pole 11, and each first side pole 12 has a different distance from the ground and the horizon. The first side poles 12 form an angle of 30° to 90° with the first vertical pole 11. That is, the first side poles 12 can be set perpendicular to the first vertical pole 11, or at any acute angle between 30° and 90°. The second grape trellis 2 includes a second vertical pole 21 and six second side poles 22. The second side poles 22 are curved poles, evenly distributed on both sides of the second vertical pole 21, and each second side pole 22 has a different distance from the horizon. The third grape trellis 3 includes an inverted U-shaped pole 31 and six third side poles 32, with the third side poles 32 spaced apart on the inverted U-shaped pole 31.

[0041] (4) Field management: Apply 1.45 kg of the organic fertilizer to each grape seedling, and apply fertilizer at least once a month; keep the grape field moist and water it manually once every 9 days;

[0042] (5) Pest and disease control: During the flowering and fruit enlargement stages of grapes, spray the grapevines with a plant insecticide every 5 days, and bag the grapes after fruiting. Before bagging the grapes, poke holes in the bags with a needle.

[0043] Example 3

[0044] A method for cultivating grapes, comprising the following steps:

[0045] (1) Land preparation: Select a fertile planting site with convenient drainage and irrigation and good ventilation. Deeply plow and apply organic fertilizer. The organic fertilizer, by weight, includes 150 parts cow manure, 40 parts horse manure, 40 parts fish manure, 90 parts wood ash, 46 parts grape pomace, 80 parts grapevines, 38 parts crab shell powder, 30 parts mantis shrimp shells, 45 parts nut shells, 60 parts fruit peels, and 35 parts bamboo shoot shells. Among them, the nut shells are any ratio of walnut shells, pistachio shells, macadamia nut shells, pecan shells, hazelnut shells, peanut shells, sunflower seed shells, and chestnut shells. The fruit peels are any ratio of orange peel, dragon fruit peel, banana peel, apple peel, peach peel, watermelon peel, cantaloupe peel, papaya peel, yellow-skinned fruit peel, and loquat peel. The organic fertilizer is fermented for 15 days after being mixed evenly according to the weight ratio.

[0046] (2) Planting: Select healthy grape seedlings and plant them in rows with a row spacing of 1.4m and a seedling spacing of 1.25m. The planting hole depth is 41cm.

[0047] (3) Constructing a grape trellis: After the grape seedlings have sprouted new shoots, construct a grape trellis for the grape vines to climb; such as Figures 1-3 The grape trellis includes a first grape trellis 1, a second grape trellis 2, and a third grape trellis 3. The first grape trellis 1, the second grape trellis 2, and the third grape trellis 3 are arranged alternately. Specifically, for three adjacent rows, the first row is equipped with the first grape trellis 1, the second row with the second grape trellis 2, and the third row with the third grape trellis 3. The first grape trellis 1 includes a first vertical pole 11 and six first side poles 12. The first side poles 12 are straight poles, evenly distributed on both sides of the first vertical pole 11, and each first side pole 12 has a different distance from the ground. The first side poles 12 form an angle of 30° to 90° with the first vertical pole 11. That is, the first side poles 12 can be set perpendicular to the first vertical pole 11, or at any acute angle between 30° and 90°. The second grape trellis 2 includes a second vertical pole 21 and six second side poles 22. The second side poles 22 are curved poles, evenly distributed on both sides of the second vertical pole 21, and each second side pole 22 has a different distance from the ground. The third grape trellis 3 includes an inverted U-shaped pole 31 and six third side poles 32, with the third side poles 32 spaced apart on the inverted U-shaped pole 31.

[0048] (4) Field management: Apply 1.7 kg of the organic fertilizer to each grape seedling, and apply fertilizer at least once a month; keep the grape field moist and water it manually once every 11 days;

[0049] (5) Pest and disease control: During the flowering and fruit enlargement stages of grapes, spray the grapevines with a plant insecticide every 6 days, and bag the grapes after fruiting. Before bagging the grapes, poke holes in the bags with a needle.

[0050] Comparative Example 1

[0051] In this embodiment, everything is the same as in Example 1 except for the different organic fertilizer composition.

[0052] In this embodiment, the organic fertilizer, by weight, includes 130 parts cow dung and 70 parts wood ash. The organic fertilizer is obtained by mixing the ingredients evenly according to the weight ratio and fermenting for 12 days.

[0053] Comparative Example 2

[0054] In this embodiment, everything is the same as in embodiment 1 except for the grape trellis.

[0055] In this embodiment, the grape trellises built throughout the entire planting area are identical, that is, only the second grape trellis 2 is built throughout the entire planting area.

[0056] The ripening status of grapes after the above-described embodiments and comparative treatments was investigated and statistically analyzed, and the yield and quality of the grapes were measured. The results are shown in Table 1.

[0057] Table 1

[0058] Grape yield (kg / mu) Grape quality Example 1 2490 Large fruit diameter, sweeter Example 2 2560 Large fruit diameter, sweeter Example 3 2520 Large fruit diameter, sweeter Comparative Example 1 1520 Small fruit diameter, slightly sweet Comparative Example 2 2260 Large fruit diameter, sweeter

[0059] As can be seen from Table 1, the organic fertilizer of the present invention was applied in Examples 1, 2, 3 and Comparative Example 2, and the grape yield was relatively high, the fruit diameter was large and the taste was very sweet. However, the grape yield was much lower in Comparative Example 1, which was applied with ordinary farmyard manure, and the fruit diameter was small and the taste was only slightly sweet.

[0060] As can be seen from Table 1, in Examples 1, 2 and 3, the three types of grape trellises of the present invention were built at intervals, and the grape yield was relatively high. However, in Comparative Example 2, only the second grape trellis 2 was built, and there was only one type of grape trellis, resulting in a lower grape yield.

[0061] Although the present invention has been described in detail above with specific embodiments, modifications or improvements can be made to it, which will be obvious to those skilled in the art. Therefore, all such modifications or improvements made without departing from the spirit of the present invention fall within the scope of protection claimed by the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for cultivating grapes, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: (1) Land preparation: Select a planting site with fertile soil, convenient drainage and irrigation, and good ventilation. Deeply plow and apply organic fertilizer. (2) Planting: Select healthy grape seedlings and plant them in rows with a row spacing of 0.9~1.4m and a seedling spacing of 0.75~1.25m. The planting hole depth is 32~41cm. (3) Constructing a grape trellis: After the new shoots of the grape seedlings have grown, a grape trellis is constructed for the grape vines to climb. The grape trellis includes a first grape trellis, a second grape trellis, and a third grape trellis, which are spaced apart. The first grape trellis includes a first vertical pole and at least six first side poles. The first side poles are straight poles and are evenly distributed on both sides of the first vertical pole. The distance between each first side pole and the ground is different. The first side poles form an angle of 30° to 90° with the first vertical pole. The second grape trellis includes a second vertical pole and at least six second side poles. The second side poles are curved poles and are evenly distributed on both sides of the second vertical pole. The distance between each second side pole and the ground is different. The third grape trellis includes an inverted U-shaped pole and at least six third side poles, which are spaced apart on the inverted U-shaped pole. (4) Field management: Apply 1.2kg~1.7kg of the organic fertilizer to each grape seedling, and apply fertilizer at least once a month; keep the grape field moist and water it manually once every 8~11 days; (5) Pest and disease control: Spray the grape plants with plant insecticide every 4 to 6 days during the flowering and fruit enlargement period, and bag the grapes after fruiting.

2. The grape cultivation method according to claim 1, characterized in that, In steps (1) and (4), the organic fertilizer, by weight, includes 130-150 parts of cow manure, 30-40 parts of horse manure, 30-40 parts of fish manure, 70-90 parts of wood ash, 40-46 parts of grape pomace, 60-80 parts of grapevines, 30-38 parts of crab shell powder, 20-30 parts of mantis shrimp shells, 35-45 parts of nut shells, 40-60 parts of fruit peels, and 25-35 parts of bamboo shoot shells.

3. The grape cultivation method according to claim 2, characterized in that, The nut shells are one or a mixture of two or more of the following in any proportion: walnut shells, pistachio shells, macadamia nut shells, pecan shells, hazelnut shells, peanut shells, sunflower seed shells, and chestnut shells.

4. The grape cultivation method according to claim 2, characterized in that, The peel is one or a mixture of two or more of the following in any proportion: orange peel, dragon fruit peel, banana peel, apple peel, peach peel, watermelon peel, cantaloupe peel, papaya peel, yellow peel, and loquat peel.

5. The grape cultivation method according to claim 2, characterized in that, The organic fertilizer is obtained by mixing the ingredients evenly according to the specified weight ratio and fermenting for 12-15 days.

6. The grape cultivation method according to claim 1, characterized in that, In step (5), before bagging the grapes, the bags used for bagging are first punched with a needle.

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