Ultra-long distance high-pressure continuous air supply method based on continuous operation of TBM in tunnels

Abstract

The present invention discloses a method for continuous high-pressure air supply over long distances based on continuous operation of a tunnel TBM, comprising: a first step, connecting a main air supply pipeline to a high-pressure air duct, using the main air supply pipeline to supply air, and a secondary air supply pipeline to move with the TBM; a second step, connecting a secondary air supply pipeline to a high-pressure air duct, using the secondary air supply pipeline to supply air and closing the main air supply pipeline, and the main air supply pipeline to move with the TBM; a third step, connecting the main air supply pipeline to the high-pressure air duct using a high-pressure extension air duct, opening the main air supply pipeline and closing the secondary air supply pipeline, and the secondary air supply pipeline to move with the TBM; a fourth step, repeating the first step to the third step, sequentially connecting multiple sections of high-pressure extension air ducts to the high-pressure air duct. The present invention connects the high-pressure extension air duct to the high-pressure air duct by switching the main air supply pipeline and the secondary air supply pipeline, without frequently starting and stopping the compressed gas station, which can not only ensure continuous air supply during the connection process, but also realize the effective extension of the high-pressure air supply pipeline, meeting the continuous ventilation needs of tunnels up to 10km or even longer.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to ventilation for tunnel TBM construction, and in particular to an ultra-long distance high-pressure continuous air supply method based on continuous operation of tunnel TBM. Background Art

[0002] The full-face tunnel boring machine (TBM) uses the cutter of the rotating cutter disc to squeeze and shear the rock, picks up the slag through the bucket teeth on the rotating cutter disc, and drops it into the main machine belt conveyor for backward transportation, and then transports the slag out of the tunnel through the traction slag car or the tunnel continuous belt conveyor. It has the advantages of fast excavation speed, environmental protection, and high comprehensive benefits. It can realize the construction of deep-buried long tunnels in complex geographical features that are difficult to achieve with traditional drilling and blasting methods. It has been widely used in tunnel projects such as railways, hydropower, transportation, mining, and municipal engineering in China.

[0003] In tunnel BIM projects, a good working environment is the fundamental guarantee for tunnel construction. Tunnel construction ventilation is the main technical means to control the tunnel working environment, ensure personnel safety and health, and prevent occupational diseases. It is also an important embodiment of the people-oriented concept in tunnel construction.

[0004] The traditional BIM ventilation technology for tunnels is normal pressure ventilation, which uses fans and normal pressure ducts to achieve normal pressure ventilation. Normal pressure ventilation often requires ventilation ducts with larger diameters, which have low pressure bearing capacity and serious air leakage, and are difficult to meet the ventilation needs of tunnels with single-head excavation lengths of up to 10km or even longer. In addition, the normal pressure air supply system of single-head excavation tunnels usually requires common hose connections, so that the tunnel excavation section must not only meet the equipment transportation requirements, but also have sufficient installation space to meet the installation of ventilation ducts. In this way, the actual excavation section of the tunnel is larger. However, the longer the single-head excavation distance of the tunnel, the larger the cross-section, and the higher the degree of mechanization required, which not only increases the construction cost, but also prolongs the excavation period of the tunnel.

[0005] In order to solve the problem that normal pressure ventilation technology has serious air leakage, occupies space and cannot meet the ventilation needs of long-distance tunnels, it is proposed to use compressed air as the air source to supply air to the tunnel construction support face, and use small-diameter high-pressure air ducts to replace traditional large-diameter hoses to reduce the tunnel excavation section, shorten the tunnel construction period, and reduce the project cost. However, as the construction face continues to extend deeper into the tunnel, the high-pressure air duct must also extend deeper with it, which requires connecting a new section of high-pressure air duct to the original high-pressure air duct. However, due to the high pressure in the high-pressure air duct, the compressor outside the tunnel must be shut down before the new high-pressure air duct can be installed, and the compressor can be restarted after the new section of high-pressure air duct is connected. During the takeover process, the tunnel construction face lacks outdoor fresh air, which affects construction operations; in addition, frequent start and stop of the compressor will affect its service life. Summary of the invention

[0006] In view of this, the purpose of the present invention is to provide an ultra-long distance high-pressure continuous air supply method based on continuous operation of tunnel TBM, which can connect a new high-pressure air duct to the existing high-pressure pipeline without shutting down the compressor, thereby realizing continuous air supply to the tunnel construction support surface.

[0007] To achieve the above object, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions:

[0008] The ultra-long-distance high-pressure continuous air supply method based on the continuous operation of the tunnel TBM of the present invention adopts a dedicated continuous air supply system, which includes a compressed air station, a high-pressure air duct, a main air supply pipeline and a secondary air supply pipeline, and the high-pressure air duct has a first air outlet and a second air outlet;

[0009] The main air supply pipeline comprises a first expander and a first telescopic hose which are connected in sequence, the first expander has a first air inlet, and the air outlet of the first telescopic hose is connected to the air outlet pipeline;

[0010] The secondary air supply pipeline comprises a second expander and a second telescopic hose which are connected in sequence, the second expander has a second air inlet, and the air outlet of the second telescopic hose is connected to the air outlet pipeline;

[0011] The ultra-long distance high pressure continuous air supply method comprises the following steps:

[0012] The first step is to connect the first air inlet with the first air outlet, and the compressed air station converts high-pressure gas into low-temperature normal-pressure gas through the high-pressure air duct and the main air supply pipeline and blows it to the tunnel construction support surface; during the continuous operation of the tunnel TBM, the secondary air supply pipeline moves synchronously with the TBM and the first telescopic hose is stretched;

[0013] In the second step, when the first telescopic hose is stretched to the limit length, the second air inlet of the secondary air supply pipeline and the second air outlet of the high-pressure air duct are connected together by using the high-pressure connecting air duct, the secondary air supply pipeline is opened, the main air supply pipeline is cut off from the high-pressure air duct, and the first air outlet and the first air inlet are closed, and the secondary air supply pipeline is used to continuously supply air to the tunnel construction support surface; during the continuous operation of the TBM in the tunnel, the main air supply pipeline is disconnected from the high-pressure air duct and moves synchronously with the TBM, and the second telescopic hose is stretched;

[0014] The third step is to connect the high-pressure air duct and the main air supply pipeline together by using the high-pressure extension air duct when the second telescopic hose is stretched to the limit length, open the main air supply pipeline, disconnect the high-pressure connecting air duct from the high-pressure air duct, close the second air outlet and the second air inlet, and use the main air supply pipeline to continuously supply air to the tunnel construction support surface; during the continuous excavation operation of the TBM in the tunnel, disassemble the high-pressure connecting air duct so that the secondary air supply pipeline moves synchronously with the TBM and the first telescopic hose is stretched;

[0015] The fourth step is to repeat the above steps one to three. During the continuous operation of the TBM in the tunnel, multiple sections of high-pressure extension air ducts are connected to the high-pressure air duct in sequence, and continuous air supply to the tunnel construction support surface is achieved by switching between the main air supply duct and the secondary air supply duct.

[0016] The beneficial effect is that the present invention has two air supply pipelines, a main air supply pipeline and a secondary air supply pipeline. The high-pressure extension air duct can be connected to the high-pressure air duct by switching the main air supply pipeline and the secondary air supply pipeline. Not only can the continuous air supply during the connecting process be ensured, but the effective extension of the high-pressure air supply pipeline can also be achieved, meeting the continuous ventilation needs of tunnels with an excavation length of up to 10 km or even longer.

[0017] The air outlet pipe is provided with a blower for blowing low-temperature normal-pressure gas to the tunnel construction support surface. The beneficial effect is that the blower has a relay effect and can blow low-temperature normal-pressure gas to the tunnel construction support surface, thereby improving the pertinence of blowing to the tunnel construction support surface.

[0018] Preferably, the first air outlet and the second air outlet are respectively provided with a first air valve, and the first air inlet and the second air inlet are respectively provided with a second air valve. The beneficial effect is that the first air valve and the second air valve can not only realize the mutual switching of the main air supply pipeline and the secondary air supply pipeline, but also facilitate the installation between the main air supply pipeline and the secondary air supply pipeline and the high-pressure air duct, and the installation is simple and convenient.

[0019] Preferably, a third air valve is provided between the outlet end of the first telescopic hose and the air outlet pipeline, and a fourth air valve is provided between the outlet end of the second telescopic hose and the air outlet pipeline. The beneficial effect is that the first telescopic hose and the second telescopic hose of the present invention are both connected to the air outlet pipeline through the air valve, which facilitates the control of the main air supply pipeline and the secondary air supply pipeline, thereby realizing the mutual switching of the main air supply pipeline and the secondary air supply pipeline.

[0020] Preferably, the first air valve, the second air valve, the third air valve and the fourth air valve are all closed switch type air valves. The beneficial effect is that the first air valve, the second air valve, the third air valve and the fourth air valve are all closed switch type air valves, which can ensure the sealing performance of the continuous air supply system and avoid air leakage.

[0021] Preferably, the first expander and the second expander are both turbine expanders. The beneficial effect is that the first expander and the second expander are both turbine expanders, which have a compact structure and are easy to move.

[0022] Preferably, each of the high-pressure extension air ducts has two connection ports at its forward end, and each of the connection ports is provided with a fifth air valve, which is preferably a closed switch type air valve. The beneficial effect is that the two connection ports of the high-pressure extension air duct can be connected to the main air supply pipeline and the secondary air supply pipeline, making it easy to switch between the main air supply pipeline and the secondary air supply pipeline.

[0023] The advantage of the present invention is that it has two air supply pipelines (i.e., the main air supply pipeline and the secondary air supply pipeline). The alternation of the two air supply pipelines not only realizes the continuous air supply in the high-pressure air duct connection operation, but also realizes the continuous extension of the high-pressure pipeline, which can ensure 24 hours of uninterrupted supply of fresh air for the tunnel construction support surface, provides a good working environment for TBM excavation operations, and is suitable for the construction of ultra-long tunnels with a single-head ventilation length of more than 10 km, solving the problem of continuous supply of fresh air for the construction face of long-distance submarine tunnels or ultra-long-distance mountain tunnels. In addition, the present invention does not need to frequently start and stop the compressor, speeds up the construction progress, and shortens the construction period. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0024] Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the continuous air supply system of the present invention.

[0025] Figure 2-Figure 9 It is a continuous air supply working state diagram of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0026] The following is a detailed description of an embodiment of the present invention in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. This embodiment is implemented on the premise of the technical solution of the present invention, and a detailed implementation method and a specific operation process are given, but the protection scope of the present invention is not limited to the following embodiment.

[0027] like Figure 1 As shown, the ultra-long distance high-pressure continuous air supply method based on the continuous operation of the tunnel TBM of the present invention adopts a dedicated continuous air supply system, and the continuous air supply system includes a compressed air station 1, a high-pressure air duct 2, a main air supply pipeline 3, a secondary air supply pipeline 4 and an air outlet pipeline 5;

[0028] The compressed gas station 1 is arranged outside the tunnel, and has two compressors 1.1, and the outlet of each compressor 1.1 is connected to the high-pressure air duct 2; the high-pressure air duct 2 has a first air outlet and a second air outlet, and the first air outlet and the second air outlet are respectively provided with a first air valve 2.1, which is convenient for connecting the main air supply pipeline 3 and the secondary air supply pipeline 4 described later to the high-pressure air duct 2 to realize continuous air supply;

[0029] The main air supply pipeline 3 includes a first expander 3.1 and a first telescopic hose 3.2 (which can be up to 200m long after being stretched) which are connected in sequence. The first expander 3.1 has a first air inlet. The air outlet of the first telescopic hose 3.2 is connected to the air outlet pipeline 5. A third air valve 3.3 is provided between the outlet end of the first telescopic hose 3.2 and the air outlet pipeline 5, which can not only realize the rapid installation of the first telescopic hose 3.2 and the air outlet pipeline 5, but also control the on-off of the main air supply pipeline 3 to avoid air leakage.

[0030] The secondary air supply pipeline 4 includes a second expander 4.1 and a second telescopic hose 4.2 (which can be up to 200m long after being stretched) which are connected in sequence. The second expander 4.1 has a second air inlet. The air outlet of the second telescopic hose 4.2 is connected to the air outlet pipeline 5. A fourth air valve 4.3 is provided between the outlet end of the second telescopic hose 4.2 and the air outlet pipeline 5, which can not only realize the rapid installation of the second telescopic hose 4.2 and the air outlet pipeline 5, but also control the on-off of the secondary air supply pipeline 4 to avoid air leakage.

[0031] A second air valve 6 is provided at the first air inlet of the main air supply pipeline 3 and the second air inlet of the secondary air supply pipeline 4, respectively, to control the on-off of the main air supply pipeline 3 and the secondary air supply pipeline 4;

[0032] The air outlet pipe 5 is provided with a blower 5.1, which has a relay function and can relay the low-temperature normal-pressure gas from the first expander 3.1 or the second expander 4.1 to the tunnel construction support surface to ensure the ventilation performance of the construction support surface;

[0033] The ultra-long distance high-pressure continuous air supply method of the present invention comprises the following steps:

[0034] In the first step, the first air inlet and the first air outlet are connected together, and the high-pressure air of the compressed gas station 1 enters the first expander 3.1 through the high-pressure air duct 2, and is converted into low-temperature normal-pressure gas after passing through the first expander 3.1 and blown to the construction support surface A through the first telescopic hose 3.2 and the air outlet pipeline 5. Figure 1 As shown;

[0035] During the continuous excavation operation of the TBM, since the secondary air supply pipeline 4 is not connected to the high-pressure air pipe 2, the secondary air supply pipeline 4 can move forward synchronously with the TBM, and the first telescopic hose 3.2 is gradually stretched by the TBM. Figure 2 As shown;

[0036] In the second step, when the first telescopic hose 3.2 is stretched to the limit position, the TBM moves forward to the tunnel construction support surface B, and the second air inlet of the secondary air supply pipeline and the second air outlet of the high-pressure air duct 2 are connected together by using the high-pressure connecting air duct 7. Figure 3 As shown;

[0037] Open the first air valve 2.1 at the second air outlet, the second air valve 6 and the fourth air valve 4.3 at the second air inlet, so that the compressed gas station 1 is connected with the secondary air supply pipeline 4;

[0038] Close the first air valve 2.1 at the first air outlet, the second air valve 6 and the third air valve 3.3 at the first air inlet, so that the main air supply pipeline 4 is disconnected from the high-pressure air pipe 2 and the air supply pipeline, and air is supplied to the tunnel construction support surface through the secondary air supply pipeline 4. Figure 4Cut off the connection between the main air supply pipeline 3 and the high-pressure air duct 2, move the first expander 3.1 so that the first telescopic hose 3.2 is in a contracted state, as shown in FIG. Figure 5-6 As shown;

[0039] During the continuous excavation operation of the TBM, since the main air supply pipeline 3 is not connected to the high-pressure air pipe 2, the main air supply pipeline 3 can move forward synchronously with the TBM, and the second telescopic hose 4.2 is gradually stretched by the TBM;

[0040] Step 3: When the second telescopic hose 4.2 is stretched to its limit length (TBM excavates forward to the construction support surface C), the high-pressure extension air duct 8 is connected to the high-pressure air duct 2;

[0041] One end of the high-pressure extension air duct 8 is connected to the high-pressure air duct 2 and the other end thereof has two air outlets, each of which has a fifth air valve 8.1, and one of the fifth air valves 8.1 of the high-pressure extension air duct 8 is connected to the connecting end of the main air supply pipeline 3;

[0042] Open the first air valve 2.1, the second air valve 6, the third air valve 3.3 and the fifth air valve 8.1 of the main air supply pipeline 3, so that the compressed gas station 1, the main air supply pipeline 3 and the air outlet pipeline 5 are in a connected state;

[0043] Then close the first air valve 2.1, the second air valve 6 and the fourth air valve 4.3 of the secondary air supply pipeline 4, and disconnect the secondary air supply pipeline 4 from the high-pressure air pipe 2 and the air outlet pipeline 5. Figure 8 and remove the high-pressure connecting air duct 7 from the high-pressure air duct 2 and the air outlet pipeline 5, move the second expander 4.1 so that the second telescopic hose 4.2 is in a contracted state, and the secondary air supply pipeline 4 can move synchronously with the TBM, as shown in FIG. Fig. 9 As shown;

[0044] The fourth step is to repeat the first to third steps above. During the continuous operation of the TBM in the tunnel, multiple sections of high-pressure extension air ducts 8 are connected to the high-pressure air duct 2 in sequence. During the connection process, the main air supply pipeline 3 and the secondary air supply pipeline 4 are switched to achieve continuous air supply to the tunnel construction support surface, thereby ensuring the air quality during the TBM excavation process.

[0045] It should be noted that the first air valve 2.1, the second air valve 6, the third air valve 3.3, the fourth air valve 4.3 and the fifth air valve 8.1 used in the present invention are all closed switch type air valves to ensure sealing and reduce air leakage. The first expander 3.1 and the second expander 3.2 of the present invention are both turbine expanders.

[0046] The present invention has two air supply pipelines (i.e., the main air supply pipeline 3 and the secondary air supply pipeline 4). The alternation of the two air supply pipelines not only realizes the continuous air supply in the high-pressure air duct 2 during the connection operation, but also realizes the continuous extension of the high-pressure pipeline, which can effectively ensure that fresh air is provided for the tunnel construction face uninterruptedly for 24 hours, and provides a good working environment for TBM excavation operations. It is suitable for the construction of ultra-long tunnels with a single-head ventilation length of more than 10km, and solves the problem of continuous supply of fresh air for the construction faces of long-distance submarine tunnels or ultra-long-distance mountain tunnels. In addition, there is no need to frequently start and stop the compressor 1.1, which greatly speeds up the construction progress and shortens the construction period.

[0047] It should be noted that, in the description of the present invention, relational terms such as “first” and “second” are merely used to distinguish one entity or operation from another entity or operation, and do not necessarily require or imply any actual relationship or order between these entities or operations.

[0048] In the description of the present invention, unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, the terms "installed", "connected" and "connected" that may appear should be understood in a broad sense, for example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can be a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium, or it can be the internal communication of two components. For those skilled in the art, the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood according to specific circumstances.

[0049] Finally, it should be emphasized that the above is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the aforementioned embodiments, those skilled in the art can still modify the technical solutions recorded in the aforementioned embodiments without creative work, or replace some of the technical features therein with equivalents. Therefore, any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for continuous high-pressure air supply over an ultra-long distance based on continuous operation of a tunnel TBM, characterized in that: A dedicated continuous air supply system is used, which includes a compressed air station, a high-pressure air duct, a primary air supply pipeline and a secondary air supply pipeline, and the high-pressure air duct has a first air outlet and a second air outlet; The main air supply pipeline comprises a first expander and a first telescopic hose which are connected in sequence, the first expander has a first air inlet, and the air outlet of the first telescopic hose is connected to the air outlet pipeline; The secondary air supply pipeline comprises a second expander and a second telescopic hose which are connected in sequence, the second expander has a second air inlet, and the air outlet of the second telescopic hose is connected to the air outlet pipeline; The ultra-long distance high pressure continuous air supply method comprises the following steps: The first step is to connect the first air inlet with the first air outlet, and the compressed air station converts high-pressure gas into low-temperature normal-pressure gas through the high-pressure air duct and the main air supply pipeline and blows it to the tunnel construction support surface; during the continuous operation of the tunnel TBM, the secondary air supply pipeline moves synchronously with the TBM and the first telescopic hose is stretched; In the second step, when the first telescopic hose is stretched to the limit length, the second air inlet of the secondary air supply pipeline and the second air outlet of the high-pressure air duct are connected together by using the high-pressure connecting air duct, the secondary air supply pipeline is opened, the main air supply pipeline is cut off from the high-pressure air duct, and the first air outlet and the first air inlet are closed, and the secondary air supply pipeline is used to continuously supply air to the tunnel construction support surface; during the continuous operation of the TBM in the tunnel, the main air supply pipeline is disconnected from the high-pressure air duct and moves synchronously with the TBM, and the second telescopic hose is stretched; The third step is to connect the high-pressure air duct and the main air supply pipeline together by using the high-pressure extension air duct when the second telescopic hose is stretched to the limit length, open the main air supply pipeline, disconnect the high-pressure connecting air duct from the high-pressure air duct, close the second air outlet and the second air inlet, and use the main air supply pipeline to continuously supply air to the tunnel construction support surface; during the continuous excavation operation of the TBM in the tunnel, disassemble the high-pressure connecting air duct so that the secondary air supply pipeline moves synchronously with the TBM and the first telescopic hose is stretched; The fourth step is to repeat the above steps one to three. During the continuous operation of the TBM in the tunnel, multiple sections of high-pressure extension air ducts are connected to the high-pressure air duct in sequence, and continuous air supply to the tunnel construction support surface is achieved by switching between the main air supply duct and the secondary air supply duct.

2. The ultra-long distance high pressure continuous air supply method based on the continuous operation of the tunnel TBM according to claim 1 is characterized by: The air outlet pipeline is provided with a blower for blowing low-temperature normal-pressure gas to the tunnel construction support surface.

3. The ultra-long distance high pressure continuous air supply method based on the continuous operation of the tunnel TBM according to claim 1 is characterized by: The first air outlet and the second air outlet are respectively provided with a first air valve, and the first air inlet and the second air inlet are respectively provided with a second air valve.

4. The ultra-long distance high pressure continuous air supply method based on the continuous operation of the tunnel TBM according to claim 3 is characterized in that: A third air valve is provided between the outlet end of the first telescopic hose and the air outlet pipeline, and a fourth air valve is provided between the outlet end of the second telescopic hose and the air outlet pipeline.

5. The ultra-long distance high pressure continuous air supply method based on the continuous operation of the tunnel TBM according to claim 4 is characterized in that: The first air valve, the second air valve, the third air valve and the fourth air valve are all closed switch type air valves.

6. The ultra-long distance high pressure continuous air supply method based on the continuous operation of the tunnel TBM according to claim 1 is characterized by: The first expander and the second expander are both turbine expanders.

7. The ultra-long distance high pressure continuous air supply method based on the continuous operation of the tunnel TBM according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The forward end of each of the high-pressure extension air ducts has two connection ports, and a fifth air valve is disposed at each of the connection ports.

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