A device and process for treating high-concentration, low-boiling-point combustible organic waste liquid containing solid phase

Abstract

A device for treating high-concentration, low-boiling-point organic waste liquid containing solid matter and water, comprising a liquid storage tank, a peristaltic pump, an evaporation tank, a heating element I, an organic steam delivery pipe, a combustion reactor, a premixing pipe, a combustion nozzle, an igniter, a flame observer, a heating element III, a heat exchanger, an activated carbon adsorption component, an exhaust fan, a condensed water outlet pipe, etc. The prepared organic solution is sent to the evaporation tank, and becomes organic steam after heating. After filtering, it is premixed with hot air and sent to the combustion nozzle in the combustion reactor together. After ignition and combustion, the generated flue gas is mixed with the air sent to the reactor, heated to above 1000°C and continues to burn. After that, the flue gas is cooled by the heat exchanger, and the condensed water is discharged. The cooled flue gas is adsorbed by activated carbon. This device can effectively treat high-concentration, low-boiling-point organic waste liquid containing solid matter and water, ensuring a stable combustion process, complete combustion, and safe and reliable combustion.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the field of waste liquid treatment, and in particular to a treatment device and process for high-concentration, low-boiling-point combustible organic waste liquid containing solid phase matter. Background Art

[0002] Laboratory research is an important way to explore new discoveries, synthesize new materials, and solve new problems. In the process of laboratory research, a large amount of organic waste liquid is generated. Some organic solutions react directly with solids, or solid catalysts are used to catalyze the reaction of organic solutions. After these experiments, some solid phases will remain in the organic solvent, becoming organic waste liquid containing solid phases. In the process of doing experiments, it is inevitable to use water to wash various containers. After washing, these washing waters must also be treated as waste liquid. Therefore, the organic waste liquid generated in the laboratory will contain a certain amount of solid phases and water to a greater or lesser extent.

[0003] There are many types of organic waste liquids, and their properties vary greatly. Most organic waste liquids are flammable, such as alcohols, ethers, alkanes with more than 4 carbon atoms, and aromatic hydrocarbons; in addition, some organic waste liquids are not only non-flammable, but also have flame retardant effects, such as chloroform and carbon tetrachloride. Most organic solvents have low boiling points, such as methanol, with a boiling point of 64.7°C; ethanol, with a boiling point of 78°C; tetrahydrofuran, with a boiling point of 66°C; decahydronaphthalene, with a boiling point of 186.7°C; petroleum ether, with a boiling point of 30-80°C; dichloromethane, 39.75°C; pyridine, with a boiling point of 115.2°C; pyrrole, with a boiling point of 65°C; ethanedithiol, with a boiling point of 144-146°C; chloroform, with a boiling point of 62°C; and carbon tetrachloride, with a boiling point of 76.8°C.

[0004] In general, in the laboratory, due to the working characteristics of studying the different complex situations of various media reactions, the organic waste liquids produced are of various types and small quantities. Some organic waste liquids contain elements such as nitrogen, sulfur, and chlorine, and some organic waste liquids contain solid phases; most organic waste liquids are volatile, flammable and explosive, and some organic substances are non-flammable and even have flame retardant effects; some organic waste liquids are also toxic; in addition, the organic waste liquids that need to be treated also contain a certain amount of water. Due to the diversity of organic waste liquids, it is difficult to effectively and harmlessly treat these organic waste liquids.

[0005] Incineration is an effective method for treating organic waste liquid. At present, most of the incineration methods for organic waste liquid are industrial treatment methods. Since there are many types of laboratory organic waste liquids, their properties vary greatly, and their combustion characteristics also vary greatly, industrial treatment methods are not applicable to organic waste liquids with laboratory characteristics. When incinerating organic waste liquids, stable combustion and leakage prevention are key issues that need to be considered in the treatment process; in addition, nitrogen, sulfur, and chlorine in organic matter during the incineration process will produce pollutants, which will be discharged together with the flue gas after incineration; furthermore, due to changes in the composition of organic waste liquids, incomplete combustion will occur, and pollutants such as dioxins and carbon soot will be generated. For non-flammable organic waste liquids, they can be mixed with an appropriate proportion of organic solvents to eventually prepare them into a combustible organic solution.

[0006] In order to solve the problem of organic waste liquid generated by laboratory research, application number 201810347273.1X discloses a technology for harmless treatment of laboratory organic waste liquid. According to the principle of inductive coupling, the high-temperature flame generated by inductively coupled plasma is used to incinerate the atomized organic waste liquid, so that organic matter and oxygen react instantly to generate carbon dioxide and water, thereby achieving the purpose of harmless discharge. Application number 201810421716.2 discloses a technology for far-infrared treatment of laboratory organic waste liquid. According to the principle of far-infrared radiation, infrared lamps, quartz iodine lamps and other far-infrared radiators are used to generate high temperatures to incinerate atomized organic waste liquid, so that organic matter and oxygen react instantly to generate carbon dioxide and water, thereby achieving the purpose of harmless treatment. However, these two technologies do not consider the problem of solid phases contained in organic waste liquids. The solid phases contained in organic waste liquids can easily clog the atomizing nozzle. Summary of the invention

[0007] In order to solve the defects of the existing organic waste liquid treatment technology generated in the laboratory research process, the purpose of the present invention is to provide a treatment device and process for high-concentration, low-boiling-point flammable organic waste liquid containing solid phase.

[0008] In order to achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the present invention adopts the following technical scheme: a treatment device for high-concentration, low-boiling-point combustible organic waste liquid containing solid phase, comprising a liquid storage tank 1, a peristaltic pump 2, an evaporation tank 3, a heating element I 301, a temperature sensor I 302, a temperature controller I 303, a relay I 304, an outlet pipe 305, a pressure sensor I 306, a gas-liquid separator 307, a regulating valve I 308, a pressure controller I 309, an organic steam delivery pipe 310, a heating element II 311, a hot air delivery pipe 312, a drain valve 313, a speed sensor 4, a fan I 5, a fan II 6, a combustion reactor 7, a premixer Tube 701, combustion nozzle 702, honeycomb ceramic plate 703, igniter 704, temperature sensor II 705, temperature controller II 706, relay II 707, flame observer 708, heating element III 709, temperature sensor III 710, temperature controller III 711, relay III 712, heat exchanger 713, temperature sensor IV 714, temperature controller IV 715, regulating valve II 716, activated carbon adsorption component 717, exhaust fan 718, pressure sensor II 719, pressure controller II 720, condensate outlet pipe 721, insulation layer 8, air volume controller 9, flame observer controller 10.

[0009] The peristaltic pump 2 delivers the organic waste liquid in the liquid storage tank 1 to the evaporation tank 3 through a pipeline, and the speed sensor 4 transmits the speed signal of the peristaltic pump 2 to the air volume controller 9, and the air volume controller 9 controls the speeds of the fans I5 and II6.

[0010] A heating element I301 is arranged at the bottom of the evaporation tank 3 , a temperature sensor I302 is arranged on the upper side of the evaporation tank 3 , a temperature controller I303 is connected to a relay I304 , and the drain valve 313 is arranged at the lower part of the evaporation tank 3 .

[0011] An outlet pipe 305 and a pressure sensor I 306 are arranged on the top of the evaporation tank 3. The outlet pipe 305 is connected to the gas-liquid separator 307 through a flange. A regulating valve I 308 is arranged on the upper part of the gas-liquid separator 307. A pressure controller I 309 controls the opening of the regulating valve I 308. A heating element II 311 is arranged outside the organic vapor delivery pipe 310.

[0012] The combustion reactor 7 is connected to the lower heating chamber of the evaporator 3 through the hot air conveying pipe 312. A premixing tube 701 is arranged at the lower part of the combustion reactor 7. The combustion nozzle 702 is arranged at the upper part of the premixing tube 701. The honeycomb ceramic plate 703 is arranged at the upper part of the combustion nozzle 702.

[0013] An igniter 704 and a temperature sensor II 705 are arranged on the side of the combustion reactor 7 near the combustion nozzle 702. The temperature controller II 706 controls the opening of the regulating valve I 308 and the relay II 707. A flame observer 708 and a flame observation controller 10 are arranged in the area of ​​the combustion flame on the side of the combustion reactor 7.

[0014] A heating element III 709 and a temperature sensor III 710 are arranged on the upper part of the combustion reactor 7 , and the temperature controller III 711 is connected to a relay III 712 .

[0015] A heat exchanger 713 is arranged at the tail end of the combustion reactor 7, a temperature sensor IV 714 is arranged at the outlet of the heat exchanger 713, and a temperature controller IV 715 controls the opening of the cold medium inlet regulating valve II 716 of the heat exchanger 713; a condensate outlet pipe 721 is arranged at the lower part of the heat exchanger 713, and the combustion reactor 7 also includes an activated carbon adsorption component 717. A pressure sensor II 719 is arranged at the outlet of the combustion reactor 7, and a pressure controller II 720 is connected to the exhaust fan 718.

[0016] The heating element I 301 and the heating element II 311 are made of nickel-chromium wire, the heating element III 709 is made of silicon-molybdenum or silicon-carbon material, and the evaporation tank 3, the organic vapor delivery pipeline 310, the combustion nozzle 702, the combustion reactor 7, and the heat exchanger 713 are all made of stainless steel.

[0017] The evaporation tank 3 , the heating element II 311 , the hot air delivery duct 312 , and the combustion reactor 7 are all provided with a heat-insulating layer 8 on the outside.

[0018] The present invention also provides a process for treating high-concentration, low-boiling-point combustible organic waste liquid containing solid phase, which mainly comprises the following steps:

[0019] 1) Ignition preparation: the heating element I 301 makes the evaporation tank 3 reach at least 400° C., at which time the liquid organic waste liquid in the evaporation tank 3 evaporates into organic steam, and the heating element II 311 makes the premixing tube 701 reach at least 400° C.;

[0020] 2) Ignition: After the temperature in the area described in step 1) reaches the required temperature, the regulating valve I 308 is opened, and the combustible organic vapor enters the organic vapor delivery pipeline 310 and is mixed with the hot air in the premixing pipe 701, while the igniter 704 continues to ignite;

[0021] 3) Combustion monitoring: The flame observer 708 monitors the combustion conditions in the combustion reactor 7 in real time. When a fire extinguishing phenomenon occurs, the flame observer controller 10 shuts off the peristaltic pump 2 and the regulating valve I 308;

[0022] 4) Burnout monitoring: The temperature sensor III 710 measures the flue gas temperature. When the flue gas temperature is lower than 1000°C, the heating element III 709 heats the flue gas, and at the same time, the hot air delivery duct 312 replenishes air into the combustion reactor 7. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0023] Figure 1 The present invention is a schematic diagram of a device for treating high-concentration, low-boiling-point flammable organic waste liquid containing solid matter. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0024] The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than all the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without making creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0025] In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that the orientations or positional relationships indicated by the terms "top", "bottom", "one side", "the other side", "front", "back", "middle part", "inside", "top end", "bottom end", etc. are based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or implying that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore cannot be understood as limiting the present invention; the terms "first", "second", and "third" are only used for descriptive purposes, and cannot be understood as indicating or implying relative importance; in addition, unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, the terms "installed", "connected", and "connected" should be understood in a broad sense, for example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can be a direct connection, or it can be an indirect connection through an intermediate medium, or it can be a connection between the two elements. For those of ordinary skill in the art, the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood according to specific circumstances.

[0026] like Figure 1As shown, the present invention provides a treatment device for high-concentration, low-boiling-point combustible organic waste liquid containing solid phase, comprising a liquid storage tank 1, a peristaltic pump 2, an evaporation tank 3, a heating element I 301, a temperature sensor I 302, a temperature controller I 303, a relay I 304, an outlet pipe 305, a pressure sensor I 306, a gas-liquid separator 307, a regulating valve I 308, a pressure controller I 309, an organic vapor delivery pipe 310, a heating element II 311, a hot air delivery pipe 312, a speed sensor 4, a fan I 5, a fan II 6, a combustion reactor 7, a premixing pipe 701, and a combustion nozzle 7 02. Honeycomb ceramic plate 703. Igniter 704. Temperature sensor II 705. Temperature controller II 706. Relay II 707. Flame observer 708. Heating element III 709. Temperature sensor III 710. Temperature controller III 711. Relay III 712. Heat exchanger 713. Temperature sensor IV 714. Temperature controller IV 715. Control valve II 716. Activated carbon adsorption component 717. Exhaust fan 718. Pressure sensor II 719. Pressure controller II 720. Condensate outlet pipe 721. Insulation layer 8. Air volume controller 9. Flame observer controller 10.

[0027] The liquid storage tank 1 is used to store organic waste liquid. The peristaltic pump 2 extracts the organic waste liquid and delivers it to the evaporation tank 3 at a specified flow rate. The speed sensor 4 obtains the speed signal of the peristaltic pump 2 and controls the speeds of the fans I5 and II6 through the air volume controller 9, thereby controlling the air volume entering the lower heating chamber of the evaporation tank 3 and the premixing tube 701.

[0028] A heating element Ⅰ301 is arranged at the bottom of the evaporation tank 3, and a temperature sensor Ⅰ302 is arranged on the upper side of the evaporation tank 3. The switch of the relay Ⅰ304 is controlled by the temperature controller Ⅰ303, and then the heating power of the heating element Ⅰ301 is controlled to maintain a certain temperature in the evaporation tank 3. The drain valve 313 is arranged at the lower part of the evaporation tank 3. When the organic waste liquid in the evaporation tank 3 evaporates to a certain extent, the drain valve 313 is opened to discharge the thicker organic waste liquid out of the evaporation tank 3.

[0029] An outlet pipe 305 and a pressure sensor I306 are arranged at the top of the evaporator 3, a gas-liquid separator 307 is added at the flange of the outlet pipe 305, and a regulating valve I308 is arranged on the upper part of the gas-liquid separator 307. The pressure signal in the evaporator 3 is obtained through the pressure sensor I306, and the opening of the regulating valve I308 is controlled by the pressure controller I309; the fan II6 sends air into the cavity where the heating element II311 is located, and the heated air and organic steam are premixed in the premixing tube 701 arranged at the lower part of the combustion reactor 7, and the premixed combustible gas is sent to the combustion nozzle 702 for combustion. A honeycomb ceramic plate 703 is arranged on the upper part of the combustion nozzle 702, which can concentrate the heat released by flame combustion, make the flame temperature higher, and make the combustion more complete; the fan I5 sends air into the cavity where the heating element I301 is located, and sends the heated air into the combustion reactor 7 from the bottom of the combustion reactor 7 through the hot air conveying pipe 312.

[0030] An igniter 704 and a temperature sensor II 705 are arranged on the side of the combustion reactor 7 near the combustion nozzle 702. The temperature sensor II 705 transmits a temperature signal to a temperature controller II 706 for controlling the opening of the regulating valve I 308 and the relay II 707, thereby controlling the switch of the igniter 704. When in use, the heating element I 301 and the fan I 5 are first turned on to make the temperature at the outlet of the combustion nozzle 702 reach above 200°C. When the pressure of the evaporator reaches above 0.3 MPa, the regulating valve I 308 is opened to ensure that the organic vapor in the organic vapor delivery pipe 310 maintains a high temperature to prevent condensation. A flame observer 708 is arranged in the area of ​​the combustion flame on the side of the combustion reactor 7. Once a fire is extinguished, the flame observation controller 10 closes the peristaltic pump 2 and the organic vapor outlet regulating valve I 308 by rapidly reducing the light intensity signal.

[0031] A heating element III709 and a temperature sensor III710 are arranged on the upper part of the combustion reactor 7. The temperature signal is obtained by the temperature sensor III710. The temperature controller III711 uses the temperature signal to control the relay III712, and then controls the switch of the heating element III709, so that the flue gas is always at a high temperature of more than 1000°C, so that the unburned substances in the flue gas can continue to burn completely.

[0032] A heat exchanger 713 is arranged at the tail end of the combustion reactor 7, and a temperature sensor IV 714 is arranged at the outlet of the heat exchanger 713. The temperature controller IV 715 uses the flue gas temperature signal obtained by the temperature sensor IV 714 to control the opening of the cold medium inlet regulating valve II 716 of the heat exchanger 713, thereby controlling the inlet flow rate of the cold medium; after the flue gas is cooled by the heat exchanger 713, the condensed water condensed from the water vapor in the flue gas is discharged through the condensed water outlet pipe 721, and the remaining flue gas flows through the activated carbon adsorption component 717; an exhaust fan 718 is arranged after the activated carbon adsorption component 717, and a pressure sensor II 719 is arranged at the outlet of the combustion reactor 7. The obtained pressure signal is used to control the rotation speed of the exhaust fan 718 through the pressure controller II 720, so that the combustion reactor 7 is maintained within a certain negative pressure range.

[0033] It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that the invention is not limited to the details of the exemplary embodiments described above and that the invention can be implemented in other specific forms without departing from the spirit or essential features of the invention. Therefore, the embodiments should be considered exemplary and non-limiting in all respects, and the scope of the invention is defined by the appended claims rather than the foregoing description, and it is intended that all variations falling within the meaning and scope of the equivalent elements of the claims be included in the invention. Any reference numeral in a claim should not be considered as limiting the claim to which it relates.

[0034] In addition, it should be understood that although the present specification is described according to implementation modes, not every implementation mode contains only one independent technical solution. This description of the specification is only for the sake of clarity. Those skilled in the art should regard the specification as a whole. The technical solutions in each embodiment may also be appropriately combined to form other implementation modes that can be understood by those skilled in the art.

Claims

1. A device for treating high-concentration, low-boiling-point combustible organic waste liquid containing solid phase, comprising a liquid storage tank (1), a peristaltic pump (2), an evaporation tank (3), a speed sensor (4), a fan I (5), a fan II (6), a combustion reactor (7), a thermal insulation layer (8), an air volume controller (9), and a flame observation controller (10); characterized in that: The peristaltic pump (2) delivers the organic waste liquid in the liquid storage tank (1) into the evaporation tank (3) through a pipeline, and the speed sensor (4) transmits the speed signal of the peristaltic pump (2) to the air volume controller (9), and the air volume controller (9) controls the speeds of the fans I (5) and the fans II (6); A heating element I (301) is arranged at the bottom of the evaporation tank (3), a temperature sensor I (302) is arranged on the upper side of the evaporation tank (3), a temperature controller I (303) is connected to a relay I (304), and a drain valve (313) is arranged at the lower part of the evaporation tank (3); An outlet pipe (305) and a pressure sensor I (306) are arranged on the top of the evaporation tank (3); the outlet pipe (305) is connected to a gas-liquid separator (307) via a flange; a regulating valve I (308) is arranged on the top of the gas-liquid separator (307); a pressure controller I (309) controls the opening of the regulating valve I (308); and a heating element II (311) is arranged outside the organic vapor delivery pipe (310); The combustion reactor (7) is connected to the lower heating chamber of the evaporation tank (3) via a hot air delivery pipe (312); a premixing pipe (701) is arranged at the lower part of the combustion reactor (7); a combustion nozzle (702) is arranged at the upper part of the premixing pipe (701); and a honeycomb ceramic plate (703) is arranged at the upper part of the combustion nozzle (702); An igniter (704) and a temperature sensor II (705) are arranged on the side of the combustion reactor (7) near the combustion nozzle (702); a temperature controller II (706) controls the opening of the regulating valve I (308) and the relay II (707); and a flame observer (708) and a flame observer controller (10) are arranged in the combustion flame area on the side of the combustion reactor (7); A heating element III (709) and a temperature sensor III (710) are arranged on the upper part of the combustion reactor (7), and a temperature controller III (711) is connected to a relay III (712); A heat exchanger (713) is arranged at the tail of the combustion reactor (7), a temperature sensor IV (714) is arranged at the outlet of the heat exchanger (713), and a temperature controller IV (715) controls the opening of a cold medium inlet regulating valve II (716) of the heat exchanger (713); a pressure sensor II (719) is arranged at the outlet of the combustion reactor (7), and a pressure controller II (720) is connected to an exhaust fan (718).

2. The device for treating high-concentration, low-boiling-point combustible organic waste liquid containing solid phase according to claim 1, characterized in that The evaporation tank (3), the heating element II (311), the hot air delivery pipeline (312), and the combustion reactor (7) are all provided with a thermal insulation layer (8) on the outside.

3. The device for treating high-concentration, low-boiling-point combustible organic waste liquid containing solid phase according to claim 1, characterized in that The combustion reactor (7) further comprises a heat exchanger (713), and a condensed water outlet pipe (721) is arranged at the lower part of the heat exchanger (713).

4. The device for treating high-concentration, low-boiling-point combustible organic waste liquid containing solid phase according to claim 1, characterized in that The combustion reactor (7) further comprises an activated carbon adsorption component (717).

5. The device for treating high-concentration, low-boiling-point combustible organic waste liquid containing solid matter according to claim 1, characterized in that The evaporation tank (3), the organic vapor delivery pipeline (310), the combustion nozzle (702), the combustion reactor (7), and the heat exchanger (713) are all made of stainless steel.

6. The device for treating high-concentration low-boiling-point organic waste liquid containing solid matter and water according to claim 1, characterized in that The heating element I (301) and the heating element II (311) are made of nickel-chromium wire material, and the heating element III (709) is made of silicon-molybdenum or silicon-carbon material.

7. The process used in the treatment device for high-concentration low-boiling-point organic waste liquid containing solid matter and water according to claim 1 is characterized in that The following steps are involved: 1) Ignition preparation: the heating element I (301) causes the temperature of the evaporation tank (3) to reach at least 400° C., at which time the liquid organic waste liquid in the evaporation tank (3) evaporates into organic vapor, and the heating element II (311) causes the temperature of the premixing tube (701) to reach at least 400° C.; 2) Ignition: After the temperature of the area in step 1) reaches the required temperature, the regulating valve I (308) is opened, and the combustible organic vapor enters the organic vapor delivery pipeline (310) and is mixed with the hot air in the premixing pipe (701), while the igniter (704) continues to ignite; 3) Combustion monitoring: The flame observer (708) monitors the combustion conditions in the combustion reactor (7) in real time. When a fire extinguishing phenomenon occurs, the flame observer controller (10) shuts off the peristaltic pump (2) and the regulating valve I (308); 4) Burnout monitoring: The temperature sensor III (710) measures the flue gas temperature. When the flue gas temperature is lower than 1000°C, the heating element III (709) heats the flue gas, and at the same time, the hot air delivery duct (312) replenishes air into the combustion reactor (7).

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