Amplitude Fidelity Seismic Imaging Method, Device, Electronic Equipment and Medium

Abstract

The present application discloses an amplitude-preserving seismic imaging method, apparatus, electronic device, and medium. The method may include: performing angular decomposition on the source wavefield and the geophone wavefield in reverse time migration to obtain an unilluminated-corrected non-amplitude-preserving angular domain image gather; calculating an angular domain illumination compensation factor of the acquisition system; and performing imaging amplitude correction based on the angular domain illumination correction factor and the unilluminated-corrected non-amplitude-preserving angular domain image gather to obtain an amplitude-preserving seismic image gather. The present invention combines reverse time migration and one-way wave illumination analysis to accurately correct the imaging amplitude distortion problem caused by uneven illumination of the imaging propagation operator and the acquisition system, and obtains an angular domain amplitude-preserving gather, providing a reliable data basis for subsequent elastic parameter inversion.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the field of oil exploration, and more particularly, to an amplitude-preserving seismic imaging method, apparatus, electronic device, and medium. Background Art

[0002] Seismic imaging is an important way to understand underground geological structures and formation properties. Conventional seismic imaging techniques mainly focus on imaging geological structures, and the imaging results do not have amplitude preservation, which brings large deviations to the prediction of underground lithology and reservoir physical properties. The amplitude-preserving seismic imaging method aims to give the reflection coefficient information of underground media while constructing the image, and the reflection coefficient is the basis for analyzing rock physical parameters using seismic data.

[0003] The amplitude-preserving seismic imaging methods currently disclosed in the literature are mainly divided into two categories: Kirchhoff amplitude-preserving imaging based on rays and amplitude-preserving imaging based on the one-way wave equation. Kirchhoff-type amplitude-preserving imaging eliminates the amplitude loss caused by wavefield geometric diffusion by applying a weight function in migration stacking. However, rays are only the high-frequency approximation of the seismic wave equation and cannot accurately describe the travel time and amplitude of wave propagation in complex media. For complex media, this Kirchhoff-type amplitude-preserving imaging based on geometric diffusion factor compensation is no longer applicable; the amplitude-preserving imaging method based on the one-way wave equation has been widely applied to seismic data processing. The one-way wave propagation operator has a substantial improvement in amplitude preservation compared with rays, but it is still not a true amplitude propagation operator. For media with velocity varying only with depth, the true amplitude propagation operator can be obtained through reflection and transmission coefficient correction, but for complex media with lateral velocity variations, this correction is no longer applicable. Currently, most studies also attempt to obtain an amplitude-preserving one-way wave propagation operator in laterally varying media. In addition, reverse time migration is a type of seismic imaging method based on the full-wave wave equation, and the propagation operator has the property of amplitude preservation. However, the current reverse time migration method does not fully consider the amplitude non-uniformity problem brought by the acquisition system to the illumination of underground reservoir targets. Therefore, the current reverse time migration mainly focuses on the structural imaging of complex media, and the amplitude preservation is insufficient.

[0004] Therefore, it is necessary to develop an amplitude-preserving seismic imaging method, apparatus, electronic device, and medium for complex media.

[0005] The information disclosed in the background art section of the present invention is only intended to deepen the understanding of the general background art of the present invention, and should not be regarded as an admission or any form of implication that this information constitutes the prior art known to those skilled in the art. Summary of the Invention

[0006] The present invention provides an amplitude - fidelity seismic imaging method, apparatus, electronic device and medium, which can combine reverse - time migration and one - way wave illumination analysis, giving full play to the advantages of the true - amplitude propagation operator of the full - wave wave equation and the high - efficiency calculation of the one - way wave operator, accurately correcting the imaging amplitude distortion problem caused by uneven illumination of the imaging propagation operator and the observation system, obtaining an angle - domain amplitude - fidelity gather, and providing a reliable data basis for subsequent elastic parameter inversion.

[0007] In a first aspect, an embodiment of the present disclosure provides an amplitude - fidelity seismic imaging method, including:

[0008] Decompose the source wavefield and receiver wavefield in reverse - time migration into angles to obtain an amplitude - non - preserved angle - domain imaging gather without illumination correction;

[0009] Calculate the angle - domain illumination compensation factor of the observation system;

[0010] Perform imaging amplitude correction according to the angle - domain illumination correction factor and the amplitude - non - preserved angle - domain imaging gather without illumination correction to obtain an amplitude - fidelity seismic imaging gather.

[0011] Preferably, decomposing the source wavefield and receiver wavefield in reverse - time migration into angles to obtain an amplitude - non - preserved angle - domain imaging gather without illumination correction includes:

[0012] For any point in the seismic wavefield, select a measurement window and rotate it, calculate the seismic wavefield in each direction, and obtain the plane - wave components in different propagation directions through angle - domain correlation imaging conditions, which are the amplitude - non - preserved angle - domain imaging gather without illumination correction.

[0013] Preferably, calculating the angle - domain illumination compensation factor of the observation system includes:

[0014] Simulate the Green's function of each source and each receiver through the one - way wave equation, and calculate the angle - domain illumination correction factor through the local plane - wave decomposition technique.

[0015] Preferably, the one - way wave equation is:

[0016]

[0017] where U is the up - going wave, representing the receiver wavefield; D is the down - going wave, representing the source wavefield, x, y, z are the coordinates of a point in the subsurface space along the survey line direction, perpendicular to the survey line direction, and depth direction respectively, is the wavefield frequency, υ is the seismic wave propagation speed at the subsurface point (x, y, z), and i is the imaginary unit.

[0018] Preferably, performing imaging amplitude correction to obtain an amplitude - fidelity seismic imaging gather includes:

[0019] For the non-constant-amplitude angle-domain imaging gather without illumination correction, the imaging amplitude is corrected by the angle-domain illumination correction factor corresponding to the angle to obtain a seismic imaging gather with amplitude fidelity.

[0020] Preferably, it further includes:

[0021] Stack the seismic imaging gather with amplitude fidelity by angle to obtain a seismic imaging section with amplitude fidelity.

[0022] As a specific implementation manner of the embodiment of the present disclosure,

[0023] In a second aspect, the embodiment of the present disclosure further provides an amplitude-fidelity seismic imaging device, including:

[0024] An angle decomposition module that decomposes the source wave field and the geophone wave field in reverse time migration by angle to obtain a non-constant-amplitude angle-domain imaging gather without illumination correction;

[0025] A calculation module that calculates the angle-domain illumination compensation factor of the acquisition system;

[0026] An amplitude correction module that performs imaging amplitude correction according to the angle-domain illumination correction factor and the non-constant-amplitude angle-domain imaging gather without illumination correction to obtain a seismic imaging gather with amplitude fidelity.

[0027] Preferably, decomposing the source wave field and the geophone wave field in reverse time migration by angle to obtain a non-constant-amplitude angle-domain imaging gather without illumination correction includes:

[0028] For any point in the seismic wave field, select a measurement window and rotate it, calculate the seismic wave field in each direction, and obtain the plane wave components in different propagation directions through the angle-domain correlation imaging condition, which is the non-constant-amplitude angle-domain imaging gather without illumination correction.

[0029] Preferably, calculating the angle-domain illumination compensation factor of the acquisition system includes:

[0030] Simulate the Green's function of each source and each geophone through the one-way wave equation, and calculate the angle-domain illumination correction factor through the local plane wave decomposition technique.

[0031] Preferably, the one-way wave equation is:

[0032]

[0033] where U is the up-going wave, representing the geophone wave field; D is the down-going wave, representing the source wave field, and x, y, z are the coordinate values of a certain point in the underground space along the survey line direction, perpendicular to the survey line direction, and depth direction respectively, ω is the wavefield frequency, υ is the seismic wave propagation velocity at the subsurface point (x, y, z), and i is the imaginary unit.

[0034] Preferably, for amplitude fidelity seismic imaging gather acquisition with imaging amplitude correction, it includes:

[0035] For the non - amplitude - preserving angle - domain imaging gather without illumination correction, perform imaging amplitude correction through the angle - domain illumination correction factor corresponding to the angle to obtain the amplitude - fidelity seismic imaging gather.

[0036] Preferably, it further includes:

[0037] Stack the amplitude - fidelity seismic imaging gather by angle to obtain the amplitude - fidelity seismic imaging section.

[0038] In a third aspect, an embodiment of the present disclosure further provides an electronic device, which includes:

[0039] A memory storing executable instructions;

[0040] A processor, the processor runs the executable instructions in the memory to implement the amplitude - fidelity seismic imaging method.

[0041] In a fourth aspect, an embodiment of the present disclosure further provides a computer - readable storage medium, which stores a computer program, and when the computer program is executed by a processor, it implements the amplitude - fidelity seismic imaging method.

[0042] The method and apparatus of the present invention have other characteristics and advantages, which will be obvious from the accompanying drawings incorporated herein and the subsequent detailed description, or will be detailedly described in the accompanying drawings incorporated herein and the subsequent detailed description, and these accompanying drawings and detailed description are used together to explain the specific principles of the present invention. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0043] By describing the exemplary embodiments of the present invention in more detail in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, the above - mentioned and other objects, features, and advantages of the present invention will become more obvious. Among them, in the exemplary embodiments of the present invention, the same reference numerals generally represent the same components.

[0044] Figure 1 Shows a schematic diagram of the local plane - wave decomposition technique according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0045] Figure 2 Shows a schematic diagram of the subsurface angle - domain decomposition of the seismic wavefield according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0046] Figure 3A flowchart showing the steps of an amplitude-fidelity seismic imaging method according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0047] Figure 4 A schematic diagram showing a geological model according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0048] Figure 5 A schematic diagram showing the amplitude of a reflection interface in conventional seismic imaging according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0049] Figure 6 A schematic diagram showing the amplitude of a reflection interface in amplitude-fidelity imaging obtained according to the present method according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0050] Figure 7 A block diagram showing an amplitude-fidelity seismic imaging device according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0051] Description of reference numerals:

[0052] 201, angular decomposition module; 202, calculation module; 203, amplitude correction module. Detailed implementation manners

[0053] The preferred embodiments of the present invention will be described in more detail below. Although the preferred embodiments of the present invention are described below, it should be understood that the present invention can be implemented in various forms and should not be limited by the embodiments set forth herein.

[0054] The present invention provides an amplitude-fidelity seismic imaging method, including:

[0055] Performing angular decomposition on the source wavefield and the geophone wavefield in reverse time migration to obtain an amplitude-unpreserved angle-domain imaging gather without illumination correction; in one example, performing angular decomposition on the source wavefield and the geophone wavefield in reverse time migration to obtain an amplitude-unpreserved angle-domain imaging gather without illumination correction includes: for any point in the seismic wavefield, selecting a measurement window and rotating it, calculating the seismic wavefield in each direction, and obtaining the plane wave components in different propagation directions through the angle-domain correlation imaging condition, which is the amplitude-unpreserved angle-domain imaging gather without illumination correction.

[0056] Figure 1 A schematic diagram showing the local plane wave decomposition technique according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0057] Figure 2 A schematic diagram showing the underground angular decomposition of the seismic wavefield according to an embodiment of the present invention, where source represents the source during seismic acquisition and receiver represents the geophone during seismic acquisition.

[0058] Specifically, the local plane wave decomposition technique is adopted to decompose the source wave field and the geophone wave field in reverse time migration by angle. For any point in the seismic wave field (source wave field and geophone wave field), a measurement window is selected and rotated, and the seismic wave field in each direction is calculated to obtain the plane wave components of the source wave field and the geophone wave field in different propagation directions. and where are the coordinates of any point in the imaging space, θ s is the propagation angle of the source wave field relative to the vertical direction, θ r is the propagation angle of the geophone wave field relative to the vertical direction, is the plane wave component of the source wave field, is the plane wave component of the geophone wave field. These two wave field components can be calculated by the local plane wave decomposition technique shown in Figure 1 . Through the angle domain correlation imaging condition where θ r is the angle between the plane wave component of the source wave field and the plane wave component of the geophone wave field, is the imaging point in the imaging space at which the imaging angle is θ r and the seismic imaging value is obtained. The plane wave components in different propagation directions are obtained as shown in Figure 2 , that is, the non-amplitude-preserving angle domain imaging gather without illumination correction is calculated.

[0059] Calculate the angle domain illumination compensation factor of the acquisition system; in one example, calculating the angle domain illumination compensation factor of the acquisition system includes: simulating the Green's function of each source and each geophone through the one-way wave equation, and calculating the angle domain illumination correction factor through the local plane wave decomposition technique.

[0060] In one example, the one-way wave equation is:

[0061]

[0062] where U is the up-going wave, representing the geophone wave field; D is the down-going wave, representing the source wave field, x, y, z are the coordinate values of a point in the subsurface space along the survey line direction, perpendicular to the survey line direction, and depth direction respectively, is the wave field frequency, υ is the seismic wave propagation speed at the subsurface point (x, y, z), and i is the imaginary unit.

[0063] Specifically, the Green's function of each source and each geophone is simulated through the one-way wave equation, and the angle domain illumination correction factor is calculated through the local plane wave decomposition technique. Compared with the full wave equation, the one-way wave equation is more efficient in calculation and is sufficient to describe the illumination field in complex media.

[0064] Based on the angular domain illumination correction factor and the non-constant amplitude angular domain imaging gather without illumination correction, perform imaging amplitude correction to obtain a seismic imaging gather with amplitude fidelity. In one example, performing imaging amplitude correction to obtain a seismic imaging gather with amplitude fidelity includes: for the non-constant amplitude angular domain imaging gather without illumination correction, perform imaging amplitude correction through the angular domain illumination correction factor corresponding to the angle to obtain a seismic imaging gather with amplitude fidelity.

[0065] In one example, it further includes: stacking the seismic imaging gather with amplitude fidelity by angle to obtain a seismic imaging section with amplitude fidelity.

[0066] Specifically, for the non-constant amplitude angular domain imaging gather without illumination correction, perform imaging amplitude correction through the angular domain illumination correction factor corresponding to the angle to obtain a seismic imaging gather with amplitude fidelity, and stack the seismic imaging gather with amplitude fidelity by angle to obtain a seismic imaging section with amplitude fidelity.

[0067] The present invention also provides an amplitude-fidelity seismic imaging device, including:

[0068] An angle decomposition module that decomposes the source wave field and the geophone wave field in reverse time migration by angle to obtain a non-constant amplitude angular domain imaging gather without illumination correction; in one example, decomposing the source wave field and the geophone wave field in reverse time migration by angle to obtain a non-constant amplitude angular domain imaging gather without illumination correction includes: for any point in the seismic wave field, select a measurement window and rotate it, calculate the seismic wave fields in each direction, and obtain the plane wave components in different propagation directions through the angular domain correlation imaging condition, which is the non-constant amplitude angular domain imaging gather without illumination correction.

[0069] Specifically, adopt the local plane wave decomposition technique to decompose the source wave field and the geophone wave field in reverse time migration by angle. For any point in the seismic wave field (source wave field and geophone wave field), select a measurement window and rotate it, calculate the seismic wave fields in each direction, and obtain the plane wave components in different propagation directions of the source wave field and the geophone wave field and where is the coordinate of any point in the imaging space, θ s is the propagation angle of the source wave field relative to the vertical direction, θ r is the propagation angle of the geophone wave field relative to the vertical direction, is the plane wave component of the source wave field, is the plane wave component of the geophone wave field, and these two wave field components can be calculated through the local plane wave decomposition technique shown in Figure 1 , and through the angular domain correlation imaging condition where, θ ris the angle between the plane wave component of the source wave field and the plane wave component of the geophone wave field, is the imaging point in the imaging space at which the imaging angle is θ r of the seismic imaging value, obtaining plane wave components in different propagation directions, such as Figure 2 shown, that is, calculating the non-amplitude-preserved angle-domain imaging gather without illumination correction.

[0070] A calculation module calculates the angle-domain illumination compensation factor of the observation system; in one example, calculating the angle-domain illumination compensation factor of the observation system includes: simulating the Green's function of each source and each geophone through the one-way wave equation, and calculating the angle-domain illumination correction factor through the local plane wave decomposition technique.

[0071] In one example, the one-way wave equation is:

[0072]

[0073] where U is the up-going wave, representing the geophone wave field; D is the down-going wave, representing the source wave field, x, y, z are the coordinate values of a certain point in the subsurface space along the survey line direction, perpendicular to the survey line direction, and depth direction respectively, is the wave field frequency, υ is the seismic wave propagation speed at the subsurface point (x, y, z), and i is the imaginary unit.

[0074] Specifically, the Green's function of each source and each geophone is simulated through the one-way wave equation, and the angle-domain illumination correction factor is calculated through the local plane wave decomposition technique. Compared with the full-wave equation, the one-way wave equation is more efficient in calculation and is sufficient to describe the illumination field in complex media.

[0075] An amplitude correction module performs imaging amplitude correction according to the angle-domain illumination correction factor and the non-amplitude-preserved angle-domain imaging gather without illumination correction to obtain an amplitude-preserved seismic imaging gather. In one example, performing imaging amplitude correction to obtain an amplitude-preserved seismic imaging gather includes: for the non-amplitude-preserved angle-domain imaging gather without illumination correction, performing imaging amplitude correction through the angle-domain illumination correction factor corresponding to the angle to obtain an amplitude-preserved seismic imaging gather.

[0076] In one example, it further includes: stacking the amplitude-preserved seismic imaging gathers by angle to obtain an amplitude-preserved seismic imaging section.

[0077] Specifically, for the non-amplitude-preserved angle-domain imaging gather without illumination correction, performing imaging amplitude correction through the angle-domain illumination correction factor corresponding to the angle to obtain an amplitude-preserved seismic imaging gather, and stacking the amplitude-preserved seismic imaging gathers by angle to obtain an amplitude-preserved seismic imaging section.

[0078] The present invention also provides an electronic device, which includes: a memory storing executable instructions; and a processor that runs the executable instructions in the memory to implement the above amplitude-preserving seismic imaging method.

[0079] The present invention also provides a computer-readable storage medium storing a computer program, which, when executed by a processor, implements the above amplitude-preserving seismic imaging method.

[0080] To facilitate understanding of the solutions and effects of the embodiments of the present invention, the following gives four specific application examples. Those skilled in the art should understand that these examples are only for facilitating the understanding of the present invention, and any specific details are not intended to limit the present invention in any way.

[0081] Example 1

[0082] Figure 3 The flowchart showing the steps of the amplitude-preserving seismic imaging method according to an embodiment of the present invention is presented.

[0083] As Figure 3 shown, the amplitude-preserving seismic imaging method includes: Step 101, decomposing the source wavefield and the geophone wavefield in reverse time migration by angle to obtain an amplitude-unpreserved angle-domain imaging gather without illumination correction; Step 102, calculating the angle-domain illumination compensation factor of the acquisition system; Step 103, performing imaging amplitude correction based on the angle-domain illumination correction factor and the amplitude-unpreserved angle-domain imaging gather without illumination correction to obtain an amplitude-preserving seismic imaging gather.

[0084] Figure 4 The schematic diagram of the geological model according to an embodiment of the present invention is presented.

[0085] Figure 5 The schematic diagram of the amplitude of the reflection interface in conventional seismic imaging according to an embodiment of the present invention is presented.

[0086] Figure 6 The schematic diagram of the amplitude of the reflection interface in amplitude-preserving imaging obtained according to the present method according to an embodiment of the present invention is presented.

[0087] Taking Figure 4 the model shown as an example, this model contains four formation interfaces with different interface depths and different morphologies, including horizontal interfaces, inclined interfaces, and curved interfaces, and the reflection coefficients at the four interfaces are the same. Since the ground acquisition system illuminates the four interfaces and different parts of the same interface unevenly, it causes the uneven amplitude of the seismic imaging axis. The amplitude of the reflection interface in conventional seismic imaging is as Figure 5As shown, if the amplitude distortion caused by uneven illumination is not corrected, it will affect the subsequent seismic inversion results based on amplitude attributes, resulting in incorrect elastic parameter information and misleading reservoir identification. The amplitude of the reflection interface in the amplitude-preserving seismic imaging obtained by using the amplitude-preserving seismic imaging method proposed by the present invention is as Figure 6 shown, which can correct the amplitude distortion problem in conventional seismic imaging and eliminate the negative impact brought by the observation system.

[0088] Example 2

[0089] Figure 7 The block diagram of an amplitude-preserving seismic imaging device according to an embodiment of the present invention is shown.

[0090] As Figure 7 shown, the amplitude-preserving seismic imaging device includes:

[0091] An angle decomposition module 201 that decomposes the source wave field and the geophone wave field in reverse time migration by angle to obtain an amplitude-unpreserving angle-domain imaging gather without illumination correction;

[0092] A calculation module 202 that calculates the angle-domain illumination compensation factor of the observation system;

[0093] An amplitude correction module 203 that performs imaging amplitude correction according to the angle-domain illumination correction factor and the amplitude-unpreserving angle-domain imaging gather without illumination correction to obtain an amplitude-preserving seismic imaging gather.

[0094] As an optional solution, decomposing the source wave field and the geophone wave field in reverse time migration by angle to obtain an amplitude-unpreserving angle-domain imaging gather without illumination correction includes:

[0095] For any point in the seismic wave field, a measurement window is selected and rotated, the seismic wave fields in each direction are calculated, and the plane wave components in different propagation directions are obtained through the angle-domain correlation imaging condition, which is the amplitude-unpreserving angle-domain imaging gather without illumination correction.

[0096] As an optional solution, calculating the angle-domain illumination compensation factor of the observation system includes:

[0097] The Green's function of each source and each geophone is simulated through the one-way wave equation, and the angle-domain illumination correction factor is calculated through the local plane wave decomposition technique.

[0098] As an optional solution, the one-way wave equation is:

[0099]

[0100] Among them, U is the up-going wave, representing the wave field at the detection point; D is the down-going wave, representing the wave field of the seismic source. x, y, and z are the coordinate values of a certain point in the underground space along the survey line direction, perpendicular to the survey line direction, and depth direction respectively. ω is the wave field frequency, υ is the seismic wave propagation velocity at the underground point (x, y, z), and i is the imaginary unit.

[0101] As an alternative solution, to perform imaging amplitude correction and obtain a seismic imaging gather with amplitude fidelity, the following steps are included:

[0102] For a non-amplitude-preserved angle-domain imaging gather without illumination correction, perform imaging amplitude correction through the angle-domain illumination correction factor corresponding to the angle to obtain a seismic imaging gather with amplitude fidelity.

[0103] As an alternative solution, it further includes:

[0104] Stack the seismic imaging gather with amplitude fidelity by angle to obtain a seismic imaging profile with amplitude fidelity.

[0105] Example 3

[0106] The present disclosure provides an electronic device, which includes: a memory storing executable instructions; a processor that runs the executable instructions in the memory to implement the above-mentioned amplitude-fidelity seismic imaging method.

[0107] The electronic device according to an embodiment of the present disclosure includes a memory and a processor.

[0108] The memory is used to store non-temporary computer-readable instructions. Specifically, the memory may include one or more computer program products, and the computer program products may include various forms of computer-readable storage media, such as volatile memory and / or non-volatile memory. The volatile memory may include, for example, random access memory (RAM) and / or cache memory, etc. The non-volatile memory may include, for example, read-only memory (ROM), hard disk, flash memory, etc.

[0109] The processor may be a central processing unit (CPU) or other forms of processing units with data processing capabilities and / or instruction execution capabilities, and may control other components in the electronic device to perform desired functions. In an embodiment of the present disclosure, the processor is used to run the computer-readable instructions stored in the memory.

[0110] Those skilled in the art should understand that, in order to solve the technical problem of how to obtain a good user experience effect, this embodiment may also include well-known structures such as communication buses and interfaces, and these well-known structures should also be included in the protection scope of the present disclosure.

[0111] For a detailed description of this embodiment, reference may be made to the corresponding descriptions in the foregoing embodiments, which will not be repeated here.

[0112] Example 4

[0113] An embodiment of the present disclosure provides a computer-readable storage medium storing a computer program, which when executed by a processor implements the amplitude-fidelity seismic imaging method described above.

[0114] The computer-readable storage medium according to an embodiment of the present disclosure stores non-transitory computer-readable instructions. When the non-transitory computer-readable instructions are run by a processor, all or part of the steps of the methods of the foregoing embodiments of the present disclosure are executed.

[0115] The above computer-readable storage medium includes but is not limited to: optical storage media (e.g., CD-ROMs and DVDs), magneto-optical storage media (e.g., MOs), magnetic storage media (e.g., magnetic tapes or external hard drives), media with built-in rewritable non-volatile memories (e.g., memory cards), and media with built-in ROMs (e.g., ROM cartridges).

[0116] Those skilled in the art should understand that the purpose of the above description of the embodiments of the present invention is only to exemplarily illustrate the beneficial effects of the embodiments of the present invention, and is not intended to limit the embodiments of the present invention to any example given.

[0117] The above has described the embodiments of the present invention. The above description is exemplary and not exhaustive, and is not limited to the disclosed embodiments. Many modifications and variations are obvious to those of ordinary skill in the art without departing from the scope and spirit of the described embodiments.

Claims

1. An amplitude - fidelity seismic imaging method, characterized in that, Comprising: Performing angular decomposition on the source wavefield and receiver wavefield in reverse time migration to obtain an unilluminated-corrected non-amplitude-preserved angular domain image gather; Calculating the angular domain illumination compensation factor of the acquisition system; Performing imaging amplitude correction based on the angular domain illumination compensation factor and the unilluminated-corrected non-amplitude-preserved angular domain image gather to obtain an amplitude-preserved seismic image gather; Wherein, performing angular decomposition on the source wavefield and receiver wavefield in reverse time migration to obtain an unilluminated-corrected non-amplitude-preserved angular domain image gather comprises: For any point in the seismic wavefield, selecting a measurement window and rotating it, calculating the seismic wavefield in each direction, and obtaining the plane wave components in different propagation directions through angular domain related imaging conditions, which is the unilluminated-corrected non-amplitude-preserved angular domain image gather; Wherein, calculating the angular domain illumination compensation factor of the acquisition system comprises: Simulating the Green's function of each source and each receiver through the one-way wave equation, and calculating the angular domain illumination compensation factor through the local plane wave decomposition technique; Wherein, performing imaging amplitude correction to obtain an amplitude-preserved seismic image gather comprises: For the unilluminated-corrected non-amplitude-preserved angular domain image gather, performing imaging amplitude correction through the angular domain illumination compensation factor corresponding to the angle to obtain an amplitude-preserved seismic image gather.

2. The amplitude - fidelity seismic imaging method according to claim 1, wherein, The one-way wave equation is: Among them, U is the up-going wave, representing the wave field at the detection point; D is the down-going wave, representing the wave field of the seismic source. x, y, and z are the coordinate values of a certain point in the subsurface space along the survey line direction, perpendicular to the survey line direction, and depth direction, respectively. ω is the wave field frequency, υ is the seismic wave propagation velocity at the subsurface point (x, y, z), and i is the imaginary unit.

3. The amplitude - fidelity seismic imaging method according to claim 1, wherein, Also comprising: Stacking the amplitude-preserved seismic image gather by angle to obtain an amplitude-preserved seismic image section.

4. An amplitude - fidelity seismic imaging device, characterized in that, Comprising: An angular decomposition module that performs angular decomposition on the source wavefield and receiver wavefield in reverse time migration to obtain an unilluminated-corrected non-amplitude-preserved angular domain image gather; A calculation module that calculates the angular domain illumination compensation factor of the acquisition system; An amplitude correction module that performs imaging amplitude correction based on the angular domain illumination compensation factor and the unilluminated-corrected non-amplitude-preserved angular domain image gather to obtain an amplitude-preserved seismic image gather; Wherein, performing angular decomposition on the source wavefield and receiver wavefield in reverse time migration to obtain an unilluminated-corrected non-amplitude-preserved angular domain image gather comprises: For any point in the seismic wavefield, selecting a measurement window and rotating it, calculating the seismic wavefield in each direction, and obtaining the plane wave components in different propagation directions through angular domain related imaging conditions, which is the unilluminated-corrected non-amplitude-preserved angular domain image gather; Wherein, calculating the angular domain illumination compensation factor of the acquisition system comprises: Simulating the Green's function of each source and each receiver through the one-way wave equation, and calculating the angular domain illumination compensation factor through the local plane wave decomposition technique; Wherein, performing imaging amplitude correction to obtain an amplitude-preserved seismic image gather comprises: For the unilluminated-corrected non-amplitude-preserved angular domain image gather, performing imaging amplitude correction through the angular domain illumination compensation factor corresponding to the angle to obtain an amplitude-preserved seismic image gather.

5. An electronic device, characterized in that, The electronic device comprises: A memory that stores executable instructions; A processor that runs the executable instructions in the memory to implement the amplitude-preserved seismic imaging method according to any one of claims 1-3.

6. A computer - readable storage medium, characterized in that, The computer-readable storage medium stores a computer program, which when executed by a processor implements the amplitude fidelity seismic imaging method according to any one of claims 1-3.

Images