A bridge deck with a shear-resistant energy-capturing pavement structure

Abstract

The present invention discloses a bridge deck with a shear-resistant energy-harvesting pavement structure, which includes a support beam, a bridge deck, and a bridge deck pavement layer laid in sequence from bottom to top. A number of columns are fixedly installed in the bridge deck, and the tops of the columns pass through the bridge deck and extend into the bridge deck pavement layer. A piezoelectric self-generating component is fixedly installed on the tops of the columns. The piezoelectric self-generating component is located in the bridge deck pavement layer and is used to convert the mechanical energy exerted by vehicle tires on the bridge deck pavement layer into electrical energy for storage or use. When the top of the bridge deck pavement layer is subjected to vehicle load, the vehicle load is first transmitted to the piezoelectric self-generating component through the bridge deck pavement layer. On the one hand, the piezoelectric self-generating component can convert the pressure energy it receives into electrical energy for storage or use according to the piezoelectric effect, thereby realizing the energy-harvesting function. On the other hand, according to the law of conservation of energy, part of the pressure received by the bridge deck pavement layer is converted into electrical energy, and accordingly, the pressure received by the columns is naturally reduced, thereby avoiding fatigue damage to the columns due to long-term high pressure.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of bridge deck pavement vibration reduction, and in particular to a bridge deck with a shear-resistant and energy-harvesting pavement layer structure. Background Art

[0002] As a crucial component of bridge structures, bridge deck pavement protects the bridge deck from direct wear by wheels or tracks, protects the main beams from rainwater erosion, and distributes vehicle wheel loads, thus protecting the bridge's primary structure and extending its service life. Its quality plays a crucial role in ensuring safety, comfort, and aesthetics during the bridge's operation. However, in recent years, the increase in axle loads and the surge in traffic volume have led to a significant number of structural defects, both in the overall bridge structure and within the bridge deck, sometimes resulting in catastrophic failure. Research has found that bridge deck pavement defects can be categorized into overt and latent defects. Insidious defects, arising within the pavement layer, are difficult to detect initially by humans or instruments and eventually develop into overt defects, exacerbating structural damage. A major type of latent defect is insufficient adhesion between the pavement layer and the bridge deck, resulting in slippage and delamination between the asphalt concrete pavement layer and the cement concrete slab under load. If this damage is not promptly addressed, it will further develop into various defects such as shifting, bulging, and wave formations, which will not only affect driving safety and comfort, but also affect the main structure of the bridge, reducing its load-bearing capacity and service life. Therefore, if the interlayer bonding can be prevented, the occurrence of defects can be avoided at the source.

[0003] The patent (application number: 201210222955.2) discloses a steel-wood composite bridge deck pavement structure with shear keys, comprising a horizontally arranged bottom support structure, a wooden bridge deck horizontally laid on the bottom support structure, and a bridge deck pavement layer horizontally laid on the wooden bridge deck. The bottom support structure is provided with a plurality of shear keys, and the plurality of shear keys are arranged vertically; the top height of the shear keys is higher than the top surface height of the wooden bridge deck, and the top height of the shear keys is lower than the top surface height of the concrete bridge deck pavement layer; the wooden bridge deck is provided with a plurality of corresponding shear keys for the plurality of shear keys to pass through. The shear key is fastened to the wooden bridge deck by an epoxy resin mortar fastening layer poured into the reserved hole, and the shear key and the epoxy resin mortar fastening layer constitute a bridge deck shear structure; the bridge deck pavement layer is an asphalt concrete pavement layer cast on the wooden bridge deck and the bridge deck shear structure; the structure and size of the plurality of shear keys are the same, and the structure and size of the plurality of reserved holes are the same; the plurality of shear keys are evenly arranged; the shear key is a steel nail arranged in the middle of the inner side of the reserved hole, or a steel nail group consisting of a plurality of steel nails arranged in the middle of the inner side of the reserved hole and having the same structure and size.

[0004] In the above scheme, the compressive loads generated by vehicle wheels on the bridge deck pavement act directly on the shear keys. Long-term pressure exposure can lead to fatigue failure of the shear keys. Furthermore, when vehicles travel on the bridge deck, the dynamic forces of the vehicles cause bridge vibrations, which in turn affect driving safety and comfort. As the first layer of the structure in contact with vehicles, controlling vehicle-induced vibrations at the initial stage of the bridge deck pavement significantly improves its vibration reduction efficiency. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The purpose of the present invention is to overcome the above-mentioned technical deficiencies and propose a bridge deck with a shear-resistant and energy-harvesting pavement structure, so as to solve the technical problem that when shear keys are set in the bridge deck pavement structure to solve the bridge deck slip phenomenon in the existing technology, the pressure load generated by the vehicle wheels on the bridge deck pavement layer directly acts on the shear keys, and long-term pressure will cause fatigue damage to the shear keys.

[0006] In order to achieve the above technical objectives, the technical solution of the present invention provides a bridge deck with a shear-resistant and energy-harvesting pavement structure, including a support beam, a bridge deck and a bridge deck pavement layer laid in sequence from bottom to top, a plurality of columns are fixedly arranged in the bridge deck, and the top ends of the columns pass through the bridge deck and extend into the bridge deck pavement layer, so as to improve the interlayer shear resistance of the bridge deck and the bridge deck pavement layer, and a piezoelectric self-generating component is fixedly arranged on the top end of the column, and the piezoelectric self-generating component is located in the bridge deck pavement layer, and the piezoelectric self-generating component is used to convert the mechanical energy applied by vehicle tires to the bridge deck pavement layer into electrical energy for storage or use.

[0007] Furthermore, a column cap is fixedly provided on the top of the column, the piezoelectric self-generating component is fixedly provided on the top of the column cap, and the area of the upper surface of the column cap is not less than the area of the bottom surface of the piezoelectric self-generating component.

[0008] Furthermore, the column and the column cap are integrally formed.

[0009] Furthermore, the column is made of epoxy resin as a matrix and glass fiber as a reinforcing material through a pultrusion process.

[0010] Furthermore, the piezoelectric self-generating component includes:

[0011] Two copper plates are arranged opposite to each other in an upper and lower direction, the copper plate located at the lower side is fixedly mounted on the column, and the copper plates are both externally connected to wires, the distal ends of the wires being electrically connected to an external power storage device or power supply device;

[0012] Two polystyrene plates arranged opposite to each other in an upper and lower direction are fixedly arranged between the two copper plates, and the polystyrene plates are fixedly connected to the adjacent copper plates;

[0013] A plurality of piezoelectric ceramic columns are fixedly arranged between the two polystyrene plates, and two ends of the piezoelectric ceramic columns respectively pass through the two polystyrene plates and are fixedly connected to the corresponding copper plates.

[0014] Furthermore, eight piezoelectric ceramic columns are fixedly arranged between the two polystyrene plates.

[0015] Furthermore, the copper plate and the adjacent polystyrene plate are provided with a plurality of corresponding connection holes, and bolts are installed in the connection holes to achieve fixed connection between the copper plate and the polystyrene plate;

[0016] The two polystyrene plates are also provided with a plurality of mounting through holes corresponding one to one with the piezoelectric ceramic columns, and the piezoelectric ceramic columns are fixedly mounted in the mounting through holes.

[0017] Furthermore, the bridge deck includes several lanes, and two groups of the piezoelectric self-generating components are symmetrically arranged on both sides of the center line of the lanes, each group includes several rows of the piezoelectric self-generating components arranged along the lanes in the transverse direction, and each row includes several piezoelectric self-generating components arranged along the lanes in the longitudinal direction.

[0018] Furthermore, the piezoelectric self-generating component is arranged at a position with a lateral distance of 0.625 to 1.125 m from the center line of the lane.

[0019] Furthermore, the longitudinal distance between two adjacent piezoelectric self-generating components in each row of the piezoelectric self-generating components is 0.3 to 0.5 m.

[0020] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0021] In the bridge deck with a shear-resistant and energy-harvesting pavement structure, the columns are arranged between the bridge deck and the bridge deck pavement, and the piezoelectric self-generating components are fixedly arranged on the tops of the columns. When the top of the bridge deck pavement is subjected to vehicle loads, the vehicle loads are first transmitted to the piezoelectric self-generating components through the bridge deck pavement. On the one hand, the piezoelectric self-generating components can convert the pressure energy received into electrical energy for storage or use according to the piezoelectric effect, thereby realizing the energy-harvesting function. On the other hand, according to the law of conservation of energy, part of the pressure received by the bridge deck pavement is converted into electrical energy, and accordingly, the pressure received by the columns is naturally reduced, thereby avoiding fatigue damage of the columns due to long-term high pressure. At the same time, it can also reduce the mechanical energy generated by moving vehicles on the bridge deck, ultimately achieving the purpose of reducing vibration of the bridge deck. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0022] Figure 1This is a schematic diagram of the cross-sectional structure of a bridge deck with a shear-resistant and energy-harvesting pavement structure provided by the present invention;

[0023] Figure 2 Schematic diagram of the positional relationship between the pillar and the piezoelectric self-generating component in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0024] Figure 3 1 is an exploded view of a piezoelectric self-generating component in an embodiment of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0025] In order to make the purpose, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more clearly understood, the present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are only used to explain the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention.

[0026] The present invention provides a bridge deck with a shear-resistant energy-harvesting pavement structure, the structure of which is as follows: Figure 1 As shown, it includes a support beam 1, a bridge deck 2 and a bridge deck pavement layer 3 laid in sequence from bottom to top, a plurality of columns 4 are fixedly arranged in the bridge deck 2, and the top ends of the columns 4 pass through the bridge deck 2 and extend into the bridge deck pavement layer 3, so as to enhance the interlayer shear resistance of the bridge deck 2 and the bridge deck pavement layer 3, limit the lateral slippage between the layers, and improve the interlayer bonding performance, a piezoelectric self-generating component 5 is fixedly arranged on the top end of the column 4, the piezoelectric self-generating component 5 is located in the bridge deck pavement layer 3, and the piezoelectric self-generating component 5 is used to convert the mechanical energy exerted by the vehicle tire on the bridge deck pavement layer into electrical energy for storage or use.

[0027] In the bridge deck with a shear-resistant and energy-harvesting pavement structure, the column 4 is arranged between the bridge panel 2 and the bridge deck pavement 3, and the piezoelectric self-generating component 5 is fixedly arranged on the top of the column 4. When the top of the bridge deck pavement 3 is subjected to vehicle load, the vehicle load is first transmitted to the piezoelectric self-generating component 5 through the bridge deck pavement 3. On the one hand, the piezoelectric self-generating component 5 can convert the pressure energy received into electrical energy for storage or use according to the piezoelectric effect, thereby realizing the energy-harvesting function. On the other hand, according to the law of conservation of energy, part of the pressure received by the bridge deck pavement 3 is converted into electrical energy, and accordingly, the pressure received by the column 4 is naturally reduced, thereby avoiding fatigue damage of the column 4 due to long-term high pressure; at the same time, it can also reduce the mechanical energy generated by the moving vehicle on the bridge deck, ultimately achieving the purpose of reducing vibration of the bridge deck.

[0028] As a preferred embodiment, the support beam 1 is a concrete box beam, the bridge deck 2 is a concrete bridge deck, and the bridge deck pavement layer 3 is an asphalt pavement layer.

[0029] As a preferred embodiment, Figure 2The figure shows a schematic diagram of the positional relationship between the column 4 and the piezoelectric self-generating component 5 in an embodiment of the present invention. A column cap 41 is fixedly provided on the top of the column 4, so that the column 4 and the column cap 41 together form a "nail"-shaped component, which is "nailed" between the bridge deck 2 and the bridge deck pavement layer 3. The piezoelectric self-generating component 5 is fixedly provided on the top of the column cap 41, and the area of the upper surface of the column cap 41 is not less than the area of the bottom surface of the piezoelectric self-generating component 5.

[0030] As a preferred embodiment, the columns 4 and the column caps 41 are integrally formed, so the "nail"-shaped components can be mass-produced and then transported to the construction site for installation. Under the pressure of vehicle wheels, the bridge deck will be in a state of repeated stress cycles. The columns 4 are located at the position with the highest frequency of wheel action, which places high demands on their fatigue performance. Therefore, in this embodiment, the columns 4 are made of epoxy resin (EP) as the matrix and glass fiber as the reinforcement material through a pultrusion process. They have good shear resistance. Experimental verification shows that their shear resistance can reach 80MPa.

[0031] As a preferred embodiment, Figure 3 The figure shows an exploded view of a piezoelectric self-generating component 5 in an embodiment of the present invention. The piezoelectric self-generating component 5 includes two copper plates 51 arranged opposite to each other, two polystyrene plates 52 arranged opposite to each other, and a plurality of piezoelectric ceramic columns 53. The copper plate 51 located at the bottom is fixed on the column 4. The copper plates 51 are all externally connected to wires, and the distal ends of the wires are electrically connected to an external power storage device or power supply device. As a specific embodiment, since epoxy resin has excellent bonding properties, the copper plate 51 is fixed to the column 4 by first using a flame gun to melt the top of the column 4 into a gelatinous state, and then The copper plate 51 is bonded to the top of the column 4; the two polystyrene plates 52 are fixedly arranged between the two copper plates 51, and the polystyrene plate 52 is fixedly connected to the adjacent copper plate 51. The copper plate 51 has high hardness, which can protect the polystyrene plate 52 from being punctured by sharp asphalt aggregates, and can also effectively transfer the load to the piezoelectric ceramic column 53; the piezoelectric ceramic column 53 is fixedly arranged side by side between the two polystyrene plates 52, and the two ends of the piezoelectric ceramic column 53 pass through the two polystyrene plates 52 and are fixedly connected to the corresponding copper plate 51. The piezoelectric self-generating component 5 can be produced and packaged in advance in the factory and directly installed after being transported to the site, which is convenient for construction and has good practicality.

[0032] The copper plate 51 transfers its applied pressure to the polystyrene plate 52 and the piezoelectric ceramic pillars 53, causing the piezoelectric ceramic pillars 53 to deform and generate an electric current. This current is then transmitted to external electrical equipment via wires connected to the copper plate 51, thereby capturing energy. According to the law of conservation of energy, when a portion of the pressure on the bridge deck pavement 3 is converted into electrical energy, the pressure on the support beam 1 and the bridge deck 2 is reduced, thereby reducing the vibration of the bridge deck itself, thus capturing energy and reducing vibration.

[0033] As a preferred embodiment, the copper plate 51 and the adjacent polystyrene plate 52 are each provided with a plurality of corresponding connection holes 54. Bolts (not shown) are installed in the connection holes 54 to securely connect the copper plate 51 and the polystyrene plate 52. Both polystyrene plates 52 are also provided with a plurality of mounting holes 55 corresponding to the piezoelectric ceramic pillars 53. The piezoelectric ceramic pillars 53 are fixedly mounted in the mounting holes 55 to prevent the piezoelectric self-generating assembly 5 from sliding laterally due to lateral shear forces. As a preferred embodiment, four of the connection holes 54 are provided on each of the copper plate 51 and the polystyrene plate 52.

[0034] As a preferred embodiment, eight piezoelectric ceramic pillars 53 are fixedly arranged evenly along the circumferential direction between the two polystyrene plates 52. Correspondingly, eight mounting through holes 55 corresponding to the piezoelectric ceramic pillars 53 are opened on the two polystyrene plates 52. The eight piezoelectric ceramic pillars 53 can ensure the power generation efficiency while preventing the polystyrene plates 52 from being torn and damaged due to too small a hole spacing.

[0035] As a preferred embodiment, please continue to refer to Figure 1 The bridge deck includes several lanes, and two groups of the piezoelectric self-generating components 5 are symmetrically arranged on both sides of the center line of the lanes. Each group includes several rows of the piezoelectric self-generating components 5 arranged transversely along the lanes, and each row includes several piezoelectric self-generating components 5 arranged longitudinally along the lanes.

[0036] Since the position of the wheels of a vehicle always swings left and right within a certain range near the center line of the lane when it is driving on the road, the layout position of the piezoelectric self-generating component 5 needs to be determined according to the lane division. In this embodiment, the bridge deck has four lanes in both directions, and the width of each lane is 3.75m. According to the wheel track distribution frequency curve of the 3.75m lane, the wheel distribution frequency is the highest at a position of 0.625 to 1.125m from the center line of the lane, accounting for more than 50% of the wheel distribution frequency of the entire lane. It can be judged that this location area is subjected to the most pressure and has the greatest risk of interlayer shear failure of the bridge deck pavement. Therefore, the piezoelectric self-generating component 5 is set at a position with a lateral distance of 0.625 to 1.125m from the center line of the lane.

[0037] As a preferred embodiment, taking into account the efficiency of the piezoelectric self-generating components 5 and in order to avoid stress concentration caused by the piezoelectric self-generating components 5 being arranged too densely, the longitudinal distance between two adjacent piezoelectric self-generating components 5 in each row of the piezoelectric self-generating components 5 is 0.3 to 0.5 m.

[0038] As a preferred embodiment, a lane dividing line 6 and a central dividing strip 7 are further provided on the bridge deck, and drain outlets 8 and guardrails 9 are sequentially provided on both sides of the bridge deck.

[0039] The construction process of the bridge deck is as follows:

[0040] First, cast the support beam 1, wait for it to harden and cure for 28 days, then cast the central dividing strip 7, open the drain port 8 and install the guardrail 9, and then arrange the steel mesh on the top of the support beam 1;

[0041] Secondly, the column 4 on which the piezoelectric self-generating component 5 is fixed is tied to the top surface of the support beam 1;

[0042] Next, the bridge deck 2 is cast on the support beam 1, and after it hardens and is cured for 28 days, an SBS modified emulsified asphalt binder is applied on its surface;

[0043] Finally, the bridge deck pavement layer 3 is laid on the bridge deck 2 .

[0044] In order to prevent the bridge deck pavement layer 3 from drying out before bonding after the SBS modified emulsified asphalt binder is applied once, the bridge deck in this embodiment is constructed in sections. After each section of the SBS modified emulsified asphalt binder is applied, the bridge deck pavement layer 3 is laid on the bridge deck panel 2 in that section and compacted.

[0045] In order to facilitate understanding of the present invention, the following Figure 1-Figure 3 The working principle of the present invention is described in detail:

[0046] When the bridge deck pavement layer 3 is subjected to vehicle loads, the lateral shear load is borne by the columns 4, thereby improving the interlayer shear resistance of the bridge deck 2 and the bridge deck pavement layer 3, limiting lateral slippage between the layers, and improving the interlayer bonding performance; the vertical pressure load is transmitted to the copper plate 51 through the bridge deck pavement layer 3, and the copper plate 51 transmits the pressure to the piezoelectric ceramic column 53. The piezoelectric ceramic column 53 produces compression deformation under the action of pressure and generates opposite charges at its two ends according to the piezoelectric effect. The charges are transmitted to the external wires through the copper plate 51 to form current, which is used for lighting or other purposes, saving energy and being environmentally friendly; at the same time, it can also consume the mechanical energy transmitted to the bridge deck by the vehicle, thereby achieving the purpose of bridge deck vibration reduction.

[0047] Since the piezoelectric self-generating component 5 is fixedly mounted on the top of the column 4, the energy-harvesting effect of the piezoelectric self-generating component 5 can reduce the vibration amplitude and shorten the vibration duration of the column 4, thereby reducing the stress amplitude and the number of stress cycles, delaying its fatigue failure, and extending the service life of the column 4. When the vehicle brakes, a large shear force will be applied to the bridge deck. The shear force is transmitted downward by the bridge deck pavement layer 3. When it is transmitted between the bridge deck pavement layer 3 and the bridge deck 2, most of the shear force is shared by the column 4, which can avoid shear failure and debonding between the bridge deck pavement layer 3 and the bridge deck 2. At the same time, the two ends of the column 4 are fixedly mounted inside the bridge deck pavement layer 3 and the bridge deck 2, respectively, which can avoid excessive tensile stress between the bridge deck pavement layer 3 and the bridge deck 2 and the occurrence of pull-out failure.

[0048] The specific embodiments of the present invention described above do not limit the scope of protection of the present invention. Any other corresponding changes and modifications made based on the technical concept of the present invention should be included in the scope of protection of the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A bridge deck with a shear-resistant and energy-harvesting pavement structure, comprising a support beam, a bridge deck, and a bridge deck pavement layer laid sequentially from bottom to top, characterized in that: Several columns are fixedly installed in the bridge deck, and the top ends of the columns pass through the bridge deck and extend into the bridge deck pavement layer, which are used to improve the interlayer shear resistance of the bridge deck and the bridge deck pavement layer. A piezoelectric self-generating component is fixedly installed on the top end of the column, and the piezoelectric self-generating component is located in the bridge deck pavement layer. The piezoelectric self-generating component is used to convert the mechanical energy applied to the bridge deck pavement by vehicle tires into electrical energy for storage or use.

2. The bridge deck with a shear-resistant and energy-harvesting pavement structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: A column cap is fixedly provided on the top of the column, the piezoelectric self-generating component is fixedly provided on the top of the column cap, and the area of the upper surface of the column cap is not less than the area of the bottom surface of the piezoelectric self-generating component.

3. The bridge deck with a shear-resistant and energy-harvesting pavement structure according to claim 2, characterized in that: The column and the column cap are integrally formed.

4. The bridge deck with a shear-resistant and energy-harvesting pavement structure according to claim 3, characterized in that: The column is made of epoxy resin as a matrix and glass fiber as a reinforcing material through a pultrusion process.

5. The bridge deck with a shear-resistant and energy-harvesting pavement structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The piezoelectric self-generating component includes: Two copper plates are arranged opposite to each other in an upper and lower direction, the copper plate located at the lower side is fixedly mounted on the column, and the copper plates are both externally connected to wires, the distal ends of the wires being electrically connected to an external power storage device or power supply device; Two polystyrene plates arranged opposite to each other in an upper and lower direction are fixedly arranged between the two copper plates, and the polystyrene plates are fixedly connected to the adjacent copper plates; A plurality of piezoelectric ceramic columns are fixedly arranged between the two polystyrene plates, and two ends of the piezoelectric ceramic columns respectively pass through the two polystyrene plates and are fixedly connected to the corresponding copper plates.

6. The bridge deck with a shear-resistant and energy-harvesting pavement structure according to claim 5, characterized in that: Eight piezoelectric ceramic columns are fixedly arranged between the two polystyrene plates.

7. The bridge deck with a shear-resistant and energy-harvesting pavement structure according to claim 5, characterized in that: The copper plate and the adjacent polystyrene plate are each provided with a plurality of corresponding connection holes, wherein bolts are installed in the connection holes for achieving fixed connection between the copper plate and the polystyrene plate; The two polystyrene plates are also provided with a plurality of mounting through holes corresponding one to one with the piezoelectric ceramic columns, and the piezoelectric ceramic columns are fixedly mounted in the mounting through holes.

8. The bridge deck with a shear-resistant and energy-harvesting pavement structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The bridge deck includes several lanes, and two groups of piezoelectric self-generating components are symmetrically arranged on both sides of the center line of the lanes. Each group includes several rows of piezoelectric self-generating components arranged transversely along the lanes, and each row includes several piezoelectric self-generating components arranged longitudinally along the lanes.

9. The bridge deck with a shear-resistant and energy-harvesting pavement structure according to claim 8, characterized in that: The piezoelectric self-generating component is arranged at a position with a lateral distance of 0.625 to 1.125 m from the center line of the lane.

10. The bridge deck with a shear-resistant and energy-harvesting pavement structure according to claim 8, characterized in that: The longitudinal distance between two adjacent piezoelectric self-generating components in each row of the piezoelectric self-generating components is 0.3 to 0.5 m.

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