Switching device and automatic transfer switching apparatus

Abstract

The application relates to a switching device and an automatic transfer switching apparatus, wherein the switching device comprises an insulating shell, a normal power supply contact assembly, a backup power supply contact assembly, a load contact assembly, a movable contact assembly and a rocker arranged on the insulating shell respectively; the movable contact assembly comprises a support, a U-shaped connecting rod connected with the support and the rocker respectively, a movable contact conducting row and a first elastic assembly arranged in the support, and a first rotating shaft arranged on the outer wall of the support on the opposite sides in a first direction; the movable contact conducting row abuts against the normal power supply contact assembly or the backup power supply contact assembly or neither of the two according to the rotating direction of the rocker; and the first elastic assembly reversely applies an acting force for abutting against the corresponding contact assembly to the movable contact conducting row after the movable contact conducting row abuts against the corresponding contact assembly. The movable contact conducting row can stably abut against the corresponding contact assembly; the whole structure is relatively simple, low in cost and small in size, and three working position switching can be realized.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of automatic transfer switch technology, and more particularly to a transfer switch device and an automatic transfer switch. Background Technology

[0002] Automatic transfer switches are common low-voltage electrical appliances, often used in important power distribution applications such as airports, hospitals, and data centers. They are used to switch between two power sources, ensuring a rapid switch to the backup power source in case of a failure of the primary power source, thus guaranteeing normal power supply to the load.

[0003] With the rapid development of the economy and society and the rapid progress of technology, the performance and reliability of modern power supply and distribution systems need to meet the increasingly diverse needs of load types. Automatic transfer switches are a type of power distribution device used in critical situations.

[0004] In related technologies, automatic transfer switches have three operating positions: the main power supply closed position, the backup power supply closed position, and the dual-open position (two power supplies disconnected). During normal power switching, it can remain in the dual-open position for a period of time to avoid the impact of inrush current on the main circuit load and the transfer switch. At the same time, this three-position transfer switch can also realize the emergency stop function for fire. When extreme abnormal situations such as fire occur in the above-mentioned important places, it can receive instructions to quickly cut off the two power supplies to the fire site to ensure fire safety. However, this kind of automatic transfer switch with three positions requires two sets of contacts to be arranged in the transfer switch device, which are responsible for abutting the main power supply contact assembly and the backup power supply contact assembly respectively. At the same time, the control and operating system needs to be arranged with two sets of square shafts and transmission components to drive the moving contacts to rotate. The cost is relatively high, the structure is complex, and the size is large. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is that the switching device in the related technology requires two sets of contacts, which is relatively expensive, complex in structure and large in size. The present invention provides a switching device and an automatic transfer switch.

[0006] The technical solution adopted by the present invention to solve its technical problem is: to construct a switching device, characterized in that it includes an insulating shell, a common power contact assembly, a spare power contact assembly, a load contact assembly, a moving contact assembly, and a rocker arm respectively disposed on the insulating shell;

[0007] The moving contact assembly includes a support, a U-shaped connecting rod connected to the support and the rocker arm respectively, a moving contact conductive bus and a first elastic component disposed in the support, and a first rotating shaft disposed on opposite sides of the outer wall of the support in a first direction.

[0008] The front part of the moving contact conductive busbar extends out of the support and is located between the normal power contact assembly and the spare power contact assembly; the first elastic component passes through the support from the second direction and is fixedly connected to the rear part of the moving contact conductive busbar; the rear part of the moving contact conductive busbar is also fixedly connected to the load contact assembly.

[0009] The rocker arm drives the support and the moving contact conductive busbar to rotate around the first rotating shaft as the base point; the moving contact conductive busbar is configured to abut against the commonly used power contact assembly or the spare power contact assembly, or not abut against either, depending on the rotation direction of the rocker arm;

[0010] Furthermore, after the moving contact conductive bar abuts against the corresponding contact assembly, its front end or tail end tilts up relative to the support, acting on the first elastic component to put it in a compressed state, and the first elastic component applies a force to the moving contact conductive bar to abut against the corresponding contact assembly.

[0011] Preferably, the top of the support is recessed inward to form a first groove for loading the moving contact conductive busbar; one side of the groove wall of the first groove forms a first opening through which the moving contact conductive busbar extends to the common power contact assembly and the spare power contact assembly; the bottom groove wall of the first groove adjacent to the first opening is inclined towards the bottom of the support; the bottom of the support is provided with a second groove recessed inward to load the first elastic component, and the second groove is provided with a first through hole communicating with the first groove.

[0012] Preferably, the first elastic component includes a first elastic element, a first bolt, and a first nut disposed in the second groove; the first bolt extends from the bottom of the support and passes through the second groove, the first elastic element, the first through hole, and the rear part of the moving contact conductive bar in sequence, and is then fixedly connected to the first nut to lock it in the support;

[0013] There is a space between the first nut and the bottom wall of the first groove for the moving contact conductor to rotate.

[0014] The present invention also constructs an automatic transfer switch, including a contact system and a control and operating system for controlling the switching of the contact system when the power supply fails; the contact system includes a plurality of transfer switch devices; characterized in that the transfer switch device adopts the transfer switch device according to any one of claims 1-3; the control and operating system is provided with a first transmission shaft extending into the transfer switch device and fixedly connected to its rocker arm.

[0015] Preferably, the control and operating system includes an operating housing, a first side plate disposed within the operating housing, a closing mechanism for driving the contact system to switch to the closed position, a reversing mechanism for switching the contact system to the normal power supply closing position or the backup power supply closing position, and a circuit mechanism electrically connected to the closing mechanism and the reversing mechanism to control the operation of the two.

[0016] The first side plate is provided with a Y-shaped opening; the closing mechanism part structure passes through the Y-shaped opening and is connected to the first drive shaft, and can be displaced within the Y-shaped opening to drive the first drive shaft to rotate; the reversing mechanism is rotatably connected to the first side plate at the adjacent position of the Y-shaped opening, and under the control of the circuit mechanism, it changes the displacement trajectory of the closing mechanism part structure within the Y-shaped opening.

[0017] Preferably, the closing mechanism includes a first abutting component disposed on one side of the first side plate and connected to the first drive shaft, a first electromagnetic drive component disposed on the other side of the first side plate, an L-shaped movable component, and a first linkage component passing through the first side plate to connect the L-shaped movable component and the first abutting component respectively.

[0018] The L-shaped movable component has a second rotating shaft with one end vertically fixed to the first side plate; the first electromagnetic drive component has a first crossbar extending toward and fixedly connected to the L-shaped movable component; the first crossbar can be axially reciprocated and is perpendicular to the second rotating shaft; the first electromagnetic drive component is also electrically connected to the circuit mechanism.

[0019] The first electromagnetic drive component provides the L-shaped movable component with the second rotating shaft as the base point for rotation, and transmits the kinetic energy to the first abutting component through the first linkage component, causing the first transmission shaft to rotate.

[0020] Preferably, the Y-shaped opening is Y-shaped; the Y-shaped opening includes a low-position hole, and a first extension hole and a second extension hole extending upward from the low-position hole.

[0021] Preferably, the reversing mechanism includes a reversing element, a second rotating element, a third rotating shaft, and a second electromagnetic drive assembly electrically connected to the circuit mechanism;

[0022] The reversing component includes a reversing body rotatably connected to the first side plate via the third rotating shaft, a pointing portion pointing to the Y-shaped opening, and a first connecting portion fixedly connected to the pointing portion via the reversing body; the end of the pointing portion can be projected onto the Y-shaped opening.

[0023] The middle part of the second rotating member is rotatably connected to the first side plate; the two ends of the second rotating member are respectively connected to the first connecting part and the second electromagnetic drive assembly;

[0024] The second electromagnetic drive assembly provides the kinetic energy for the rotation of the second rotating member, thereby driving the pointing portion to point toward the first extension hole or the second extension hole.

[0025] Preferably, the control and operating system further includes a locking mechanism for locking the L-shaped movable component when it rotates to the closed position;

[0026] The locking mechanism includes a third electromagnetic drive assembly electrically connected to the circuit mechanism, a fourth rotating shaft fixed at one end to the first side plate, a third rotating member passing through the fourth rotating shaft, and a locking member extending toward the L-shaped movable assembly; one end of the locking member passes through the outer peripheral wall of the fixed fourth rotating shaft, and the other end is provided with a hook-shaped part in the form of a slot; when the L-shaped movable assembly rotates to the closed position, it abuts against the hook-shaped part;

[0027] The third electromagnetic drive assembly provides the third rotating member with the power to rotate around the fourth rotating shaft as the base point, thereby driving the locking member to rotate and release the L-shaped movable assembly.

[0028] Preferably, the control and operating system further includes a manual operation mechanism; the manual operation mechanism includes a first pressing component for manually controlling the reversing mechanism and a toggle component for manually controlling the closing mechanism.

[0029] The present invention has the following advantages: The present invention uses a single group of contact points and a single drive shaft, which has a relatively simple structure, low cost and small size. It can achieve three working position switching, meet the actual application requirements, has high reliability, and effectively reduces manufacturing costs and the overall size of the switch.

[0030] Meanwhile, by utilizing the positional changes of the moving contact conductor relative to the support at different closing positions, elastic potential energy is generated on the first elastic component, causing the moving contact conductor to abut against the corresponding contact assembly. This reliably enables the moving contact conductor to abut against the corresponding contact assembly, thereby improving the short-circuit fault current withstand performance and short-circuit current withstand capability. Attached Figure Description

[0031] The present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. In the accompanying drawings:

[0032] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the external structure of the automatic transfer switch of the present invention;

[0033] Figure 2 yes Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the decomposed structure;

[0034] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the switching device of the present invention;

[0035] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the moving contact assembly of the switching device of the present invention;

[0036] Figure 5 This is an exploded view of the moving contact assembly of the switching device of the present invention;

[0037] Figure 6 This is a cross-sectional view of the support for the switching device of the present invention;

[0038] Figure 7 This is a cross-sectional view of the moving contact assembly of the switching device of the present invention when it abuts against the commonly used power contact assembly;

[0039] Figure 8 This is a cross-sectional view of the moving contact assembly of the switching device of the present invention when it abuts against the backup power contact assembly;

[0040] Figure 9 This is an internal structural diagram of the switching device of the present invention when it is in the normal power supply closed position;

[0041] Figure 10 This is an internal structural diagram of the switching device of the present invention when it is in the backup power supply closed position;

[0042] Figure 11 This is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the control and operating system in the automatic transfer switch of the present invention;

[0043] Figure 12 This is a schematic diagram of the closing mechanism and the commutation mechanism in the automatic transfer switchgear of the present invention;

[0044] Figure 13 This is a schematic diagram of the closing mechanism and the reversing mechanism of the automatic transfer switchgear of the present invention, with the first crossbar omitted, from another angle.

[0045] Figure 14 This is a schematic diagram of the commutation mechanism and locking mechanism in the automatic transfer switch of the present invention;

[0046] Figure 15 This is a schematic diagram of the commutation mechanism and L-shaped movable component in the automatic transfer switch of the present invention;

[0047] Figure 16 This is a schematic diagram of the locking mechanism in the automatic transfer switch of the present invention;

[0048] Figure 17This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the first contact component and the first side plate when the automatic transfer switch of the present invention is in the normal power supply closed position;

[0049] Figure 18 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the first abutting component and the first side plate when the automatic transfer switch of the present invention is in the double-open position;

[0050] Figure 19 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the first contact component and the first side plate when the automatic transfer switch of the present invention is in the standby power closed position;

[0051] Figure 20 This is a cross-sectional view of the closing mechanism and the locking mechanism when the automatic transfer switch of the present invention is in the double open position;

[0052] Figure 21 This is a cross-sectional view of the cooperation between the closing mechanism and the locking mechanism when the automatic transfer switch of the present invention is in the closed position;

[0053] Figure 22 This is a cross-sectional view of the commutation mechanism and the first side plate of the automatic transfer switch of the present invention during the switching of the main power supply closing position;

[0054] Figure 23 This is a cross-sectional view of the reversing mechanism and the first side plate when the automatic transfer switch of the present invention is in the standby power supply closed position. Detailed Implementation

[0055] To provide a clearer understanding of the technical features, objectives, and effects of this invention, specific embodiments are now described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. In the following description, it should be understood that the orientations or positional relationships indicated by terms such as "front," "rear," "upper," "lower," "left," "right," "longitudinal," "horizontal," "vertical," "horizontal," "top," "bottom," "inner," "outer," "head," and "tail" are based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings, and are constructed and operated in a specific orientation. They are only for the convenience of describing this technical solution and do not indicate that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation; therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on this invention.

[0056] It should also be noted that, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, terms such as "installation," "connection," "linking," "fixing," and "setting" should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral part; they can refer to a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; they can refer to the internal communication of two components or the interaction between two components. When an component is referred to as being "on" or "below" another component, the component can be located "directly" or "indirectly" on the other component, or there may be one or more intermediary components. The terms "first," "second," "third," etc., are only for the convenience of describing this technical solution and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the number of indicated technical features. Therefore, features defined with "first," "second," "third," etc., may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of that feature. For those skilled in the art, the specific meaning of the above terms in this invention can be understood according to the specific circumstances.

[0057] In the following description, specific details such as particular system architectures and techniques are set forth for illustrative purposes and not for limitation, in order to provide a thorough understanding of the embodiments of the invention. However, those skilled in the art will understand that the invention can be implemented in other embodiments without these specific details. In other instances, detailed descriptions of well-known systems, apparatuses, circuits, and methods are omitted so as not to obscure the description of the invention with unnecessary detail.

[0058] It should be noted that, in the following text, the first direction refers to the width direction of a single switching device or the length direction of the entire automatic switching appliance; that is... Figure 1 The arrow pointing to the straight line X in the diagram indicates the direction. The second direction refers to the overall height direction of a single switching device or the overall height direction of an automatic switching appliance; that is... Figure 1 The arrow pointing to line Z in the diagram indicates the direction. The third direction refers to the overall length of a single switching device or the overall width of the automatic switching appliance; that is... Figure 1 The arrow pointing to the straight line Y in the diagram indicates the direction.

[0059] like Figures 1-23 As shown, this invention discloses an automatic transfer switch. This automatic transfer switch has a relatively simple structure, low cost, and small size. It uses a single set of contacts and a single drive shaft, enabling three operating positions: the primary power supply closed, the backup power supply closed, and a double-open position. This meets practical application requirements and offers high reliability. Furthermore, compared to related technologies, the contact switching time is significantly reduced, ensuring reliable performance, effectively lowering manufacturing costs and overall switch size, and meeting the power supply requirements of modern power systems that demand rapid power switching.

[0060] The automatic transfer switch includes a contact system and a control and operating system 200. The contact system is used to connect the standby power supply and the load. The control and operating system 200 is connected to the contact system to automatically switch to the standby power supply when the standby power supply fails or to the standby power supply when the standby power supply fails. It can also realize functions such as "intermediate stop" and "fire linkage", that is, switch to a position where it is not in contact with either the standby power supply or the standby power supply.

[0061] Furthermore, the contact system includes a multi-pole switching device 101, which is connected to the control and operating system 200 by long screws to form an automatic transfer switch.

[0062] like Figure 3 As shown, a single switching device 101 includes an insulating housing 11, a normal power contact assembly 12, a backup power contact assembly 13, a load contact assembly 18, an arc-extinguishing chamber 14, a moving contact assembly 15, and a rocker arm 16, all disposed within the insulating housing 11.

[0063] The normal power contact assembly 12 is located above the backup power contact assembly 13; and there is space between them for the moving contact assembly 15 to extend and rotate; the moving contact assembly 15 abuts against the normal power contact assembly 12 or the backup power contact assembly 13 according to the rotation direction of the rocker arm 16, so as to connect to the standby power supply. It should be noted that the normal power contact assembly 12, the backup power contact assembly 13, and the load contact assembly 18 can refer to the prior art, and will not be described in detail here. In addition, standby power supply is an abbreviation for normal power supply or backup power supply, and the switching of standby power supply refers to the switching from normal power supply to backup power supply, or a simplified way of switching from backup power supply to normal power supply. The following text uses the above abbreviations and simplified terms to concisely describe this technical solution.

[0064] The rocker arm 16 is connected to the control and operating system 200. Specifically, the first drive shaft 27 in the control and operating system 200 extends into the switching device 101 and is fixed in the rocker arm 16, so that the rocker arm 16 rotates with the first drive shaft 27.

[0065] The moving contact assembly 15 is connected to the rocker arm 16 and the load contact assembly 18 respectively, and can rotate with the rocker arm 16 inside the insulating housing 11; depending on the rotation direction of the rocker arm 16, it can abut against the normal power contact assembly 12 or the backup power contact assembly 13 to realize the closing of the normal power supply.

[0066] The arc-extinguishing chamber 14 is located around the normal power contact assembly 12 and the backup power contact assembly 13 to quickly extinguish the arc and suppress the current after the power is cut off, thus preventing accidents and incidents. The configuration of the arc-extinguishing chamber 14 can be referred to in the prior art, and will not be described in detail here.

[0067] Furthermore, the moving contact assembly 15 includes a support 51, a moving contact conductive bus 52 disposed in the support 51, a first elastic component 53, first rotating shafts 54 respectively disposed on opposite sides of the outer wall of the support 51 in a first direction, and U-shaped connecting rods 55 respectively connected to the support 51 and the rocker arm 16.

[0068] The support 51 is provided with a first groove 511 for mounting the moving contact conductive bus 52. Specifically, the top of the support 51 is recessed inward to form the first groove 511. One side wall of the first groove 511 extends through to form a first opening, so that the front part of the moving contact conductive bus 52 extends through the first opening to the space between the normal power contact assembly 12 and the spare power contact assembly 13. The bottom groove wall 512 of the first groove 511 adjacent to the first opening is inclined towards the bottom of the support 51, so that the rear end of the moving contact conductive bus 52 can be raised when it abuts against the normal power contact assembly 12. In addition, the moving contact conductive bus 52 has a long strip structure. Its front end is provided with a normal moving contact 521 and a spare moving contact 522 on opposite sides in the second direction, and its rear end is provided with a second through hole 523 for the first elastic component 53 to pass through, so as to fix the moving contact conductive bus 52 in the first groove 511. The support 51 is also provided with a second groove 513 for loading the first elastic component 53. Specifically, the bottom of the support 51 is recessed inward to form the second groove 513, and the second groove 513 is provided with a first through hole 514 that connects to the first groove 511.

[0069] The first elastic component 53 includes a first elastic element 531, a first bolt 532, and a first nut 533. The first elastic element 531 is disposed in the second groove 513. The first bolt 532 extends from the bottom of the support 51 and passes sequentially through the second groove 513, the first elastic element 531, the first through hole 514, and the second through hole 523 at the rear of the moving contact conductive busbar 52, and is then locked in the support 51 by the first nut 533. The first nut 533 abuts against the top wall of the moving contact conductive busbar 52. A space is left between the first nut 533 and the bottom wall of the first groove 511 for the moving contact conductive busbar 52 to rotate. Optionally, the first elastic element 531 is a first compression spring.

[0070] One end of the U-shaped connecting rod 55 is connected to the rocker arm 16, and the other end of the U-shaped connecting rod 55 is connected to the side wall of the support 51; the connection position of the U-shaped connecting rod 55 to the support 51 and the connection position of the U-shaped connecting rod 55 to the rocker arm 16 are located on the same side of the first rotating shaft 54, as shown in the reference. Figures 9-10 When the rocker arm 16 rotates clockwise, the support 51 rotates clockwise as well; when the rocker arm 16 rotates counterclockwise, the support 51 rotates counterclockwise as well.

[0071] In addition, the moving contact bus 52 is also connected to the load contact assembly 18 via a flexible connector 17, which can be a copper flexible connector.

[0072] Understandably, referring to Figures 3-10 When the switching device 101 is in the double-open position, the overall extension direction of the moving contact conductive bar 52 is parallel to the bottom groove wall of the first groove 511.

[0073] During the switching process of the switching device 101 from the open position to the normal power supply closed position, the control and operating system 200 controls the rocker arm 16 to rotate clockwise. Under the traction of the U-shaped connecting rod 55, the support 51 rotates clockwise with the first rotating shaft 54 ​​as the base point. The moving contact conductive bus 52 located in the support 51 also rotates clockwise until it abuts against the normal power supply stationary contact assembly. At this time, under the force of the normal power supply stationary contact assembly, the moving contact conductive bus 52 rotates counterclockwise relative to the support 51, that is, the tail end of the moving contact conductive bus 52 relative to the first groove 511 The moving contact conductive bus 52 is tilted up, and the front part of the moving contact conductive bus 52 abuts against the inclined groove wall of the first groove 511 near the first opening, causing the first bolt 532 and the first nut 533 to move upward. Under the action of the head of the first bolt 532 and the groove wall of the second groove 513, the first elastic element 531 is in a compressed state, providing contact pressure for the commonly used moving contact 521 to contact the commonly used power stationary contact assembly, preventing the moving contact from easily disconnecting from the stationary contact assembly and generating a high-temperature arc when encountering a short circuit fault, thereby improving the short circuit fault current withstand performance and short circuit current withstand capability.

[0074] Similarly, during the process of switching the switching device 101 from the double-open position to the backup power supply closed position, the support 51 and the moving contact conductive bus 52 rotate counterclockwise until they abut against the backup power supply stationary contact assembly. At this time, under the force of the backup power supply stationary contact assembly, the moving contact conductive bus 52 rotates clockwise relative to the support 51, that is, the front end of the moving contact conductive bus 52 is raised relative to the first groove 511, and the tail end of the moving contact conductive bus 52 abuts against the bottom groove wall of the first groove 511, causing the first bolt 532 and the first nut 533 to move upward. Under the action of the head of the first bolt 532 and the groove wall of the second groove 513, the first elastic member 531 is in a compressed state, providing contact pressure for the backup moving contact 522 to contact the backup power supply stationary contact assembly.

[0075] like Figures 11-23 As shown, the control and operating system 200 includes an operating housing 21, a first side plate 22 disposed within the operating housing 21, a closing mechanism 23, a commutation mechanism 24, and a circuit mechanism 25.

[0076] The circuit mechanism 25 is electrically connected to the commutation mechanism 24 and the closing mechanism 23 respectively, so that the controller can start the operation of both. The closing mechanism 23 is used to drive the contact system to switch to the closing position. The first side plate 22 is vertically arranged at the bottom of the operating housing 21 and has a Y-shaped opening. The Y-shaped opening can cooperate with the commutation mechanism 24 to control the contact system to switch to the normal power supply closing position or the backup power supply closing position.

[0077] Furthermore, the Y-shaped opening includes a low-position hole 221, and a first extension hole 222 and a second extension hole 223 extending upward from the low-position hole 221; the extension directions of the first extension hole 222 and the second extension hole 223 are connected at an included angle. In some embodiments of the present invention, a first position switch 232 is disposed on one side of the Y-shaped opening and the first extension hole 222, and a second position switch 233 is disposed on one side of the Y-shaped opening and the second extension hole 223.

[0078] The closing mechanism 23 includes a first position switch 232, a second position switch 233, and a first abutting component 236 disposed on one side of the first side plate 22, and a first electromagnetic drive component 235, a first linkage component 234, and an L-shaped movable component 231 disposed on the opposite side of the first side plate 22.

[0079] The first position switch 232 and the second position switch 233 are respectively disposed on the side wall of the first side plate 22, and both are electrically connected to the circuit mechanism 25. The first abutting component 236 is located between the first position switch 232 and the second position switch 233. Depending on the swing direction, it can abut and trigger the first position switch 232 or the second position switch 233. When the first position switch 232 is abutted, it feeds back a signal indicating that the normal power supply is closed. When the second position switch 233 is abutted, it feeds back a signal indicating that the backup power supply is closed. The L-shaped movable component 231 is provided with a second rotating shaft 2311, which can rotate with the second rotating shaft 2311 as the base point. The first electromagnetic drive component 235 is fixedly connected to the L-shaped movable component 231, and provides the power for the rotation of the L-shaped movable component 231. The first abutting component 236 is connected to the L-shaped movable component 231 through the first linkage component 234. When the L-shaped movable component 231 rotates, the power is transmitted to the first abutting component 236 to make it swing. The first linkage component 234 has a part of its structure passing through the Y-shaped opening on the first side plate 22, which, together with the reversing mechanism 24, controls the swing direction of the first abutment component 236. At the same time, the first abutment component 236 is also fixedly connected to the first drive shaft 27, which rotates clockwise or counterclockwise around its own central axis according to the swing direction of the first abutment component 236.

[0080] Furthermore, the first electromagnetic drive assembly 235 extends along a third direction and includes a hollow first column 2356, a first crossbar 2353, a first fixing member 2354, and a first coil, a first magnetic yoke, a first stationary iron core 2351, a first moving iron core 2352, and a second elastic member 2355 disposed within the first column 2356. Specifically, the first coil is electrically connected to the circuit mechanism 25; the first stationary iron core 2351, the first moving iron core 2352, and the first magnetic yoke are disposed within the first coil; the first stationary iron core 2351 is fixed to the first magnetic yoke; the relative outer walls of the first stationary iron core 2351 and the first moving iron core 2352 are recessed to form a third groove and a fourth groove, respectively. When the first stationary iron core 2351 abuts against the first moving iron core 2352, the third groove and the fourth groove constitute a restrictive space acting on the second elastic member 2355, the length of which is less than the original length of the second elastic member 2355. The first column 2356 and the L-shaped movable component 231 are respectively disposed on opposite sides of the first crossbar 2353 in a third direction. Part of the first crossbar 2353 is located within the first column 2356, with one end fixedly connected to the first moving iron core 2352, and the other end sequentially passing through the first moving iron core 2352, the second elastic element 2355, and the first stationary iron core 2351 before being fixedly connected to the first fixing element 2354. The first fixing element 2354 is used to fix the L-shaped movable component 231. It should be noted that the relative positions and principles of the first coil, the first yoke, and the corresponding iron cores can be found in existing technologies and will not be elaborated upon here.

[0081] Understandably, the circuit mechanism 25 controls the first coil to be energized to generate a magnetic field. Under the action of the magnetic force, the first moving iron core 2352 displaces towards the first stationary iron core 2351 and abuts against the first stationary iron core 2351. The second elastic member 2355, located within the confined space, is compressed by the forces exerted by the groove walls of the third and fourth grooves. Simultaneously, the first moving iron core 2352 drives the first crossbar 2353 and the first fixing member 2354 to move along the displacement direction of the first moving iron core 2352, thereby pushing the L-shaped movable assembly 231 to rotate around the second rotating shaft 2311 as the base point. When the circuit mechanism 25 de-energizes the first coil, the second elastic member 2355 returns to its original state because it is not subjected to external force. The elastic force of the second elastic member 2355 drives the first moving iron core 2352 away from the first stationary iron core 2351, while the L-shaped movable assembly 231 rotates in the opposite direction around the second rotating shaft 2311 as the base point, returning to its original position. (Refer to...) Figures 20-21The first moving iron core 2352 and the L-shaped movable component 231 are located on opposite sides of the first stationary iron core 2351 in a third direction. Specifically, the first moving iron core 2352 is located on the left side of the first stationary iron core 2351, and the L-shaped movable component 231 is located on the right side of the first stationary iron core 2351. When the first coil is energized, the first moving iron core 2352 moves to the right, causing the first crossbar 2353 and the first fixing member 2354 to move to the right, which in turn causes the L-shaped movable component 231 to rotate clockwise around the second rotating shaft 2311. When the first coil is de-energized, the first moving iron core 2352 moves to the left, causing the first crossbar 2353 and the first fixing member 2354 to move to the left, which in turn causes the L-shaped movable component 231 to rotate counterclockwise around the second rotating shaft 2311, thus resetting the L-shaped movable component 231.

[0082] Furthermore, the L-shaped movable component 231 includes a first connecting rod 2312, a second connecting rod 2313, a second rotating shaft 2311, and two L-shaped members 2314. The two L-shaped members 2314 are symmetrically arranged, and each L-shaped member 2314 includes a short side extending along a second direction and a long side extending along a third direction. The two ends of the first connecting rod 2312 are respectively connected to the long sides of the two L-shaped members 2314; the two ends of the second connecting rod 2313 are respectively connected to the short sides of the two L-shaped members 2314; and the first fixing member 2354 is fixedly connected to the outer peripheral wall of the second connecting rod 2313, with both being arranged at the same height. One end of the second rotating shaft 2311 is fixed to the first side plate 22, and the other end passes through the inflection points of the two L-shaped members 2314 in sequence, so that the two L-shaped members 2314 are rotatably connected to the second rotating shaft 2311.

[0083] Furthermore, the first linkage assembly 234 is located on the side of the L-shaped movable assembly near the first side plate 22. It includes a first linkage rod 2341 and a second linkage rod 2342 that pass through the first side plate 22 and extend toward the first abutment assembly 236, and a first connector 2343 for connecting the first linkage rod 2341 and the second linkage rod 2342. Specifically, the first linkage rod 2341 is located above the second linkage rod 2342; the first linkage rod 2341 passes through the Y-shaped opening on the first side plate 22 and is fixedly connected to the first abutment assembly 236; the second linkage rod 2342 is located on the extension trajectory of the first connecting rod 2312 and one end of it is connected to the first connecting rod 2312, and the other end of the second linkage rod 2342 passes through the first square hole 224 on the first side plate 22 and is fixedly connected to the first abutment assembly 236; it should be noted that the first square hole 224 has sufficient space for the second linkage rod 2342 to move.

[0084] Understandably, the second linkage rod 2342 can be or be regarded as an extension of the first linkage rod 2312 that passes through the first side plate 22 and connects to the first abutment component 236; when the L-shaped movable component 231 rotates with the second rotating shaft 2311 as the base point, its first linkage rod 2312 is lifted relative to the bottom of the operating housing 21, causing the first linkage rod 2341 to move in the Y-shaped opening along the path formed by the Y-shaped opening and the reversing mechanism 24, so that the first abutment component 236 controls the rotation direction of the first transmission shaft 27 according to the displacement path of the first linkage rod 2341, and at the same time abuts against the first position switch 232 or the second position switch 233.

[0085] Further, the first abutting assembly 236 includes a second connecting member 2361, a first horizontal plate 2362, and a first rotating member 2363. The second connecting member 2361 and the first connecting member 2343 are symmetrically arranged on opposite sides of the first side plate 22. One end of the second connecting member 2361 is connected to the end of the second linkage rod 2342 passing through the first side plate 22, and the other end of the second connecting member 2361 is connected to the end of the first linkage rod 2341 passing through the first side plate 22. Both ends of the first horizontal plate 2362 are rotatably connected to the end of the second connecting member 2361 connected to the first linkage rod 2341 and the first rotating member 2363, respectively. The first rotating member 2363 is also fixedly connected to a first drive shaft 27, specifically, the first drive shaft 27 perpendicularly passes through the first rotating member 2363 and is rotatably connected to the first side plate 22. The first drive shaft 27 is located above the connection point between the first rotating member 2363 and the first horizontal plate 2362.

[0086] Understandably, when the automatic transfer switch is in the open position, the first linkage rod 2341 is in the low position hole 221. When the automatic transfer switch switches from the open position to the normal power supply closed position or the backup power supply closed position, the L-shaped movable component rotates, and its first connecting rod 2312 drives the first linkage rod 2341 to move. Under the action of the reversing mechanism 24, the first linkage rod 2341 can move from the low position hole 221 to the first extension hole 222 or the second extension hole 223. During the displacement process, the second connecting member 2361 drives the first horizontal plate 2362 and the first rotating member 2363 to move one end of the second connecting member 2361. At the same time, one end of the first horizontal plate 2362 connected to the second connecting member 2361 abuts against the first position switch 232, or one end of the first rotating member 2363 connected to the second connecting member 2361 abuts against the second position switch 233.

[0087] like Figure 15 , Figure 22 and Figure 23As shown, the reversing mechanism 24 includes a reversing element 241, a second rotating element 243, a second electromagnetic drive assembly 244, and a third rotating shaft 242. The reversing element 241 is located near the Y-shaped opening of the first side plate 22 and includes a reversing body 2411, a pointing portion 2412, and a first connecting portion 2413. The reversing body 2411 is rotatably connected to the first side plate 22 via the third rotating shaft 242. The pointing portion 2412 is used to limit the displacement trajectory of the first linkage element in the Y-shaped opening. It has a pointed tip that can be projected onto the Y-shaped opening. This pointed tip is configured to rotate from its original bias towards one extension hole to another extension hole when the second electromagnetic drive assembly 244 is energized. The first connecting portion 2413 extends towards the second rotating element 243 for connection. The second rotating member 243 is located above the pointing portion 2412 of the reversing body 2411. Its middle portion is rotatably connected to the first side plate 22. The second rotating member 243 can rotate with the middle portion as the base point. In addition, one end of the second rotating member 243 is connected to the first connecting portion 2413, and its other end is connected to the second electromagnetic drive assembly 244. The middle portion of the second rotating member 243 and the first connecting portion 2413 are respectively located on opposite sides of the third rotating shaft 242 in the third direction.

[0088] The second electromagnetic drive assembly 244 extends along a second height and includes a hollow second column 2441, a second coil, a second magnetic yoke, a second stationary iron core 2442, a second moving iron core 2443, a second fixing member 2444, and a third elastic member 2445. The second coil, the second magnetic yoke, and the second moving iron core 2443 are disposed within the second column 2441. The second moving iron core 2443 is rod-shaped, with part of its structure disposed within the second column 2441 and above the second stationary iron core 2442, and another part of its structure extending out of the second column 2441, passing through the third elastic member 2445, and fixedly connected to the second fixing member 2444. The outer diameter of the second fixing member 2444 is larger than the outer diameter of the third elastic member 2445, and the sidewall of the second fixing member 2444 is also fixedly connected to the second rotating member 243. It should be noted that the relative positions and principles of the second coil, the second magnetic yoke, and the corresponding iron cores can be found in existing technology and will not be elaborated here.

[0089] Understandably, referring to Figure 22 , Figure 23When the second coil is not energized, under the action of the third elastic member 2445, the pointing portion 2412 of the commutator 241 deflects towards one of the first extension hole 222 and the second extension hole 223. The circuit mechanism 25 controls the second coil to generate a magnetic field, causing the second moving iron core 2443 to displace towards the second stationary iron core 2442 under the action of the magnetic force. The third elastic member 2445 is compressed due to the force from the outer wall of the second column 2441 and the second fixing member 2444. The second fixing member 2444 displaces downward relative to the second column 2441, causing the second rotating member 243 to rotate around its central point. The commutator 241 rotates around the third rotating shaft 242, and the pointing portion 2412 changes from being deflected towards one of the first extension hole 222 and the second extension hole 223 to the other of the two. By changing the deflection direction of the pointing portion 2412, the displacement trajectory of the first linkage member in the Y-shaped opening can be controlled, thereby controlling the rotation direction of the first transmission shaft 27. In some embodiments of the present invention, the pointing portion 2412 is configured to be biased toward the second extension hole 223 when no external force is applied, and to be biased toward the first extension hole 222 when subjected to the action of the second electromagnetic drive component 244.

[0090] Optionally, the first side plate 22 is further provided with a first baffle 225 extending along the first direction. The first baffle 225 is located above the reversing mechanism 24 and is used to abut against the second rotating member 243 to limit the rotation angle of the second rotating member 243, prevent the pointing part 2412 from deviating excessively and hinder the displacement of the first linkage member.

[0091] Furthermore, such as Figure 16 As shown, the control and operating system 200 also includes a locking mechanism 26, which is used to lock the L-shaped movable component 231 when it rotates to the closed position, so that the entire automatic transfer switchgear remains in the closed state.

[0092] The locking mechanism 26 includes a third electromagnetic drive assembly 261, a third rotating member 263, a fourth rotating shaft 264, and a locking member 262. The third electromagnetic drive assembly 261 is electrically connected to the circuit mechanism 25, and the circuit mechanism 25 controls the working state of the third electromagnetic drive assembly 261. One end of the third electromagnetic drive assembly 261 is fixedly connected to the third rotating member 263 located above it. The other end of the third rotating member 263 is fixedly connected to one end of the fourth rotating shaft 264. The fourth rotating shaft 264 is arranged perpendicular to the extension direction of the third rotating member 263, and the other end of the fourth rotating shaft 264 is connected to the first side plate 22 through the third rotating shaft 242. One end of the locking member 262 is fixedly inserted into the fourth rotating shaft 264, and the other end is provided with a hook-shaped part 2621, which is used to hook and lock the first connecting rod 2312 when the L-shaped movable assembly 231 rotates to the closed position. When the third electromagnetic drive assembly 261 is working, it drives the third rotating component 263 to rotate, and transmits the rotation to the locking component 262 through the fourth rotating shaft 264, so that the locking component 262 rotates with the fourth rotating shaft 264 as the base point.

[0093] The third electromagnetic drive assembly 261 includes a hollow third column 2611, a third coil, a third magnetic yoke, a third stationary iron core 2612, a third moving iron core, a third fixing member 2614, and a fourth elastic member 2613. The third coil, the third magnetic yoke, and the third moving iron core are disposed within the third column 2611. The third moving iron core is rod-shaped, with part of its structure disposed within the third column 2611 and above the third stationary iron core 2612, and another part of its structure extending out of the third column 2611, passing through the fourth elastic member 2613, and being fixedly connected to the third fixing member 2614. The outer diameter of the third fixing member 2614 is larger than the outer diameter of the fourth elastic member 2613, and the sidewall of the third fixing member 2614 is also fixedly connected to the third rotating member 263. It should be noted that the relative positions and principles of the third coil, the third magnetic yoke, and their corresponding iron cores can be found in existing technologies, and will not be elaborated upon here.

[0094] Understandably, such as Figure 20 , Figure 21 As shown, when the L-shaped movable component rotates, the first connecting rod 2312 is lifted and falls into the hook-shaped part 2621 to realize the locking function. If the circuit mechanism 25 controls the third electromagnetic drive component 261 to be energized, the third stationary iron core 2612 overcomes the reaction force of the fourth elastic member 2613 and approaches the third moving iron core, pulling the third fixed member 2614 and one end of the third rotating member 263 downward. Through the third rotating member 263, the locking member 262 rotates counterclockwise a short distance with the fourth rotating shaft 264 as the base point. If the first connecting rod 2312 is not affected by the first electromagnetic drive component 235, it will fall back to the original position.

[0095] Preferably, the control and operating system 200 further includes a manual operation mechanism 28, which includes a first pressing component 281 for manually controlling the reversing mechanism 24, a second pressing component 282 for manually controlling the locking mechanism 26, and a toggle component 283 for manually controlling the closing mechanism 23.

[0096] Furthermore, the first pressing component 281 is located above the second electromagnetic drive component 244, and includes a first button and a first spring; the first button can be located on the operating housing 21 of the automatic transfer switch, and its bottom is also provided with a first support rod through which the first spring passes. The user can manually press the first button to push the second moving iron core 2443 to move towards the second stationary iron core 2442 to realize the reversing function.

[0097] The second pressing component 282 is located above one end of the third rotating component 263 near the third electromagnetic drive component 261. It includes a second button and a second spring. The second button can be located on the operating housing 21 of the automatic transfer switch. The bottom of the button is also provided with a second support rod through which the second spring passes. The user can manually press the second button to push the third moving iron core to move towards the third stationary iron core 2612 to release the locking component 262 and the L-shaped movable component 231.

[0098] The toggle assembly 283 includes a first toggle 2831 and a fifth rotating shaft 2832 extending outward from the automatic transfer switch along the extension direction of the second rotating shaft 2311; the two ends of the fifth rotating shaft 2832 are fixedly connected to the first toggle 2831 and the L-shaped component 2314 respectively; the user can manually rotate the first toggle 2831 to control the rotation of the L-shaped movable assembly 231.

[0099] It is understood that the above embodiments only illustrate preferred embodiments of the present invention, and their descriptions are relatively specific and detailed, but they should not be construed as limiting the scope of the present invention. It should be noted that those skilled in the art can freely combine the above technical features and make several modifications and improvements without departing from the concept of the present invention, and these all fall within the protection scope of the present invention. Therefore, all equivalent transformations and modifications made with respect to the scope of the claims of the present invention should fall within the scope of the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A switching device, characterized in that, It includes an insulating housing (11), a common power contact assembly (12), a spare power contact assembly (13), a load contact assembly (18), a moving contact assembly (15), and a rocker arm (16) respectively disposed on the insulating housing (11). The moving contact assembly (15) includes a support (51), a U-shaped connecting rod (55) connected to the support (51) and the rocker arm (16) respectively, a moving contact conductive bus (52) and a first elastic component (53) disposed in the support (51), and a first rotating shaft (54) disposed on opposite sides of the outer wall of the support (51) in a first direction. The front part of the moving contact conductive bus (52) extends out of the support (51) and is located between the normal power contact assembly (12) and the spare power contact assembly (13); the first elastic component (53) passes through the support (51) from the second direction and is fixedly connected to the rear part of the moving contact conductive bus (52); the rear part of the moving contact conductive bus (52) is also fixedly connected to the load contact assembly (18); The rocker arm (16) drives the support (51) and the moving contact conductive bus (52) to rotate around the first rotating shaft (54) as the base point; the moving contact conductive bus (52) is configured to abut against the commonly used power contact assembly (12) or the spare power contact assembly (13) or neither, depending on the rotation direction of the rocker arm (16). Furthermore, after the moving contact conductive bus (52) abuts against the corresponding contact assembly, its front end or tail end tilts up relative to the support (51), acting on the first elastic component (53) to put it in a compressed state, and the first elastic component (53) applies a force to the moving contact conductive bus (52) to abut against the corresponding contact assembly. The support (51) has an inwardly recessed top forming a first groove (511) for loading the moving contact conductive bar (52); the support (51) has an inwardly recessed bottom forming a second groove (513) for loading the first elastic component (53), and the second groove (513) has a first through hole (514) communicating with the first groove (511). The first elastic component (53) includes a first elastic element (531), a first bolt (532), and a first nut (533) disposed in the second groove (513); the first bolt (532) extends from the bottom of the support (51) and passes through the second groove (513), the first elastic element (531), the first through hole (514), and the rear of the moving contact conductive bar (52) in sequence, and is then fixedly connected to the first nut (533) to lock it in the support (51).

2. The switching device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The groove wall on one side of the first groove (511) forms a first opening through which the moving contact conductive bar (52) extends to the space between the commonly used power contact assembly (12) and the spare power contact assembly (13); The bottom groove wall (512) adjacent to the first opening in the first groove (511) is inclined toward the bottom of the support (51).

3. The switching device according to claim 2, characterized in that, There is a space between the first nut (533) and the bottom groove wall (512) of the first groove (511) for the moving contact conductive bus (52) to rotate.

4. An automatic transfer switch, comprising a contact system and a control and operating system (200) for controlling the switching of the contact system in the event of a power failure; the contact system comprising a plurality of transfer switch devices; characterized in that, The switching device adopts the switching device (101) as described in any one of claims 1-3; the control and operating system (200) is provided with a first drive shaft (27) extending into the switching device (101) and fixedly connected to its rocker arm (16).

5. The automatic transfer switch according to claim 4, characterized in that, The control and operating system (200) includes an operating housing (21), a first side plate (22) respectively disposed in the operating housing (21), a closing mechanism (23) for driving the contact system to switch to the closing position, a reversing mechanism (24) for switching the contact system to the normal power supply closing position or the backup power supply closing position, and a circuit mechanism (25) electrically connected to the closing mechanism (23) and the reversing mechanism (24) respectively to control the operation of the two. The first side plate (22) is provided with a Y-shaped opening; the closing mechanism (23) part of the structure passes through the Y-shaped opening and is connected to the first transmission shaft (27), and can be displaced in the Y-shaped opening to drive the first transmission shaft (27) to rotate; the reversing mechanism (24) is rotatably connected to the first side plate (22) at the adjacent side of the Y-shaped opening, and under the control of the circuit mechanism (25), it changes the displacement trajectory of the closing mechanism (23) part of the structure in the Y-shaped opening.

6. The automatic transfer switch according to claim 5, characterized in that, The closing mechanism (23) includes a first abutting component (236) disposed on one side of the first side plate (22) and connected to the first drive shaft (27), a first electromagnetic drive component (235), an L-shaped movable component (231) disposed on the other side of the first side plate (22), and a first linkage component (234) passing through the first side plate (22) to connect the L-shaped movable component (231) and the first abutting component (236) respectively. The L-shaped movable component (231) is provided with a second rotating shaft (2311) that is vertically fixed at one end to the first side plate (22); the first electromagnetic drive component (235) is provided with a first crossbar (2353) that extends toward and is fixedly connected to the L-shaped movable component (231); the first crossbar (2353) can be axially reciprocated and is arranged perpendicular to the second rotating shaft (2311); the first electromagnetic drive component (235) is also electrically connected to the circuit mechanism (25); The first electromagnetic drive assembly (235) provides the L-shaped movable assembly (231) with the second rotating shaft (2311) as the base point to rotate, and transmits the energy to the first abutting assembly (236) through the first linkage assembly (234), causing the first transmission shaft (27) to rotate.

7. The automatic transfer switch according to claim 6, characterized in that, The Y-shaped opening is Y-shaped; the Y-shaped opening includes a low-position hole (221), and a first extension hole (222) and a second extension hole (223) extending upward from the low-position hole (221).

8. The automatic transfer switch according to claim 7, characterized in that, The reversing mechanism (24) includes a reversing element (241), a second rotating element (243), a third rotating shaft (242), and a second electromagnetic drive assembly (244) electrically connected to the circuit mechanism (25). The commutator (241) includes a commutator body (2411) rotatably connected to the first side plate (22) via the third rotating shaft (242), a pointing part (2412) pointing to the Y-shaped opening, and a first connecting part (2413) fixedly connected to the pointing part (2412) via the commutator body (2411); the end of the pointing part (2412) can be projected onto the Y-shaped opening; The middle part of the second rotating member (243) is rotatably connected to the first side plate (22); the two ends of the second rotating member (243) are respectively connected to the first connecting part (2413) and the second electromagnetic drive assembly (244). The second electromagnetic drive assembly (244) provides kinetic energy for the rotation of the second rotating member (243) to drive the pointing part (2412) to point towards the first extension hole (222) or the second extension hole (223).

9. The automatic transfer switch according to claim 6, characterized in that, The control and operating system (200) also includes a locking mechanism (26) for locking the L-shaped movable component (231) when the L-shaped movable component (231) is rotated to the closed position. The locking mechanism (26) includes a third electromagnetic drive assembly (261) electrically connected to the circuit mechanism (25), a fourth rotating shaft (264) fixed at one end to the first side plate (22), a third rotating member (263) passing through the fourth rotating shaft (264), and a locking member (262) extending toward the L-shaped movable assembly (231); one end of the locking member (262) passes through the outer peripheral wall of the fixed fourth rotating shaft (264), and the other end is provided with a hook-shaped part (2621) in the shape of a slot; when the L-shaped movable assembly (231) rotates to the closed position, it abuts against the hook-shaped part (2621). The third electromagnetic drive assembly (261) provides the third rotating member (263) with the fourth rotating shaft (264) as the base point to rotate, thereby driving the locking member (262) to rotate and release the L-shaped movable assembly (231).

10. The automatic transfer switch according to claim 5, characterized in that, The control and operating system (200) further includes a manual operation mechanism (28); the manual operation mechanism (28) includes a first pressing component (281) for manually controlling the reversing mechanism (24) and a toggle component (283) for manually controlling the closing mechanism (23).

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