A self-powered high-voltage transmission line breeze vibration detection device

Abstract

The invention discloses a breeze vibration detection device for a self-powered high-voltage transmission line, comprising a device body, wherein the interior of the device body comprises a tile-shaped magnetoelectric heterostructure, a copper coil, a lightweight spring, a U-shaped pipe, a lightweight small magnetic ball, a protective shell and an external power amplifier circuit, and the interior of the tile-shaped magnetoelectric heterostructure comprises a tile-shaped piezoelectric element and a tile-shaped ferromagnetic element. When breeze vibration occurs, the position of the small magnetic ball changes, and due to the magnetoelectric effect and the ΔE effect, the piezoelectric end of the magnetoelectric heterostructure generates an impact signal output, and the breeze vibration of the transmission line causes the spring to deform, and the strain is transmitted to the tile-shaped magnetoelectric heterostructure. Due to the piezoelectric effect, the piezoelectric phase converts the vibration strain energy into electrical energy for its self-power supply. This device can accurately measure the electrical energy collected by the breeze vibration on the transmission line and convert the surrounding electromagnetic waves into electrical energy, which can not only effectively reduce the energy loss, but also solve the problem of power supply difficulty.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of sensors and energy collection, and in particular relates to a breeze vibration detection device for a self-powered high-voltage transmission line. Background Art

[0002] With the continuous development of power electronic systems and the continuous construction of smart grids, transmission lines have spread all over my country. Transmission lines are often complex systems connected by wires, hardware, insulators, and towers, and their working conditions affect the normal operation of smart grid systems. Overhead transmission lines are often affected by natural conditions and other external conditions because they are in the wild for a long time, and are prone to breeze vibration accidents. Breeze vibration is a high-frequency, low-amplitude conductor movement state, which often causes conductor breakage, wire breakage, hardware falling off and other hazards. Especially for UHV and large-span lines, once fatigue breakage occurs, it will bring serious harm to the safe operation of the power grid, and sometimes even the entire line needs to be replaced. Therefore, real-time detection of breeze vibration on overhead transmission lines can not only grasp the operating status of the conductors in real time, but also help to take further measures to reduce the occurrence of accidents.

[0003] Existing breeze vibration online detection devices mainly use traditional sensors as sensitive elements to measure the vibration of transmission lines. For example, strain displacement sensors are used to measure vibration amplitude; telescopic displacement sensors are used to measure vibration amplitude; and acceleration sensors are used to measure bending amplitude. These sensors are easy to install and simple to use, but because transmission lines often operate in harsh outdoor environments, traditional sensor systems have some disadvantages: (1) They cannot work for a long time due to power supply problems. For example, tower detection units are mostly powered by solar panels + batteries, and conductor detection units are powered by high-voltage mutual inductance combined with lithium batteries and supercapacitors. These power supply methods have basically solved the power supply problem of online transmission line detection devices in many regions, but they are greatly affected by the external environment and affect the stability and reliability of outdoor terminal power supply. For example, in the case of continuous rainy days or severe accumulation of dirt on solar panels, the output current of solar panels becomes smaller, the output power of mutual inductors decreases when the line load is small, and the performance of batteries is seriously reduced when the temperature is low. (2) The detection device is easily affected by electromagnetic interference. The transmission of 50Hz low-frequency high voltage on the transmission line will generate low-frequency electromagnetic waves with an industrial frequency of 50Hz, which will affect the accuracy of existing detection devices. Therefore, the traditional online detection power supply problem and resistance to power frequency interference are still a technical difficulty. Summary of the invention

[0004] In view of the deficiencies in the prior art, the object of the present invention is to provide a breeze vibration detection device for a self-powered high-voltage transmission line, which has the advantages of effectively reducing energy loss and solving the problem of power supply difficulties.

[0005] To achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the present invention provides the following technical solutions: a self-powered high-voltage transmission line breeze vibration detection device, comprising a device body, the interior of the device body comprising a tile-shaped magnetoelectric heterostructure, a copper coil, a lightweight spring, a U-shaped pipe, a lightweight small magnetic ball, a protective shell and an external power amplifier circuit, the interior of the tile-shaped magnetoelectric heterostructure comprising a tile-shaped piezoelectric element and a tile-shaped ferromagnetic element, the number of the tile-shaped ferromagnetic elements is two, and the tile-shaped piezoelectric element is located between the two tile-shaped ferromagnetic elements, the copper coil is wound on the tile-shaped magnetoelectric heterostructure composed of the tile-shaped piezoelectric element and the tile-shaped ferromagnetic element, and the lightweight small magnetic ball is located at the bottom of the inner wall of the U-shaped pipe with a smooth inner wall.

[0006] Preferably, the tile-shaped magnetoelectric heterostructure is a three-layer tile-shaped laminated heterostructure, the thickness and width of the tile-shaped piezoelectric element are consistent with those of the tile-shaped ferromagnetic element, and the length of the tile-shaped piezoelectric element is slightly longer than that of the tile-shaped ferromagnetic element.

[0007] Preferably, the number of the light-weight springs is two, and the tile-shaped magneto-electric heterostructure is located between the two light-weight springs.

[0008] Preferably, the material of the lightweight small magnetic ball is lightweight permanent magnet neodymium iron boron Nd2Fe14B.

[0009] Preferably, the U-shaped pipe is connected to the tile-shaped magnetoelectric heterostructure and the copper coil wound on its outside through a lightweight spring at its upper end. The lightweight spring is made of chrome-vanadium steel with an elastic coefficient of 1400-1600N / m, and both lightweight springs are in a compressed state.

[0010] Preferably, the protective shell covers the entire breeze vibration detection device.

[0011] Preferably, the tile-shaped piezoelectric element is polarized along the thickness direction, a pair of electrodes are welded on the upper and lower surfaces of the tile-shaped piezoelectric element, two wires are led from the two electrodes, and the external power amplifier circuit is connected through the wires led from the electrodes on both sides of the tile-shaped piezoelectric element.

[0012] Preferably, the material of the tile-shaped piezoelectric element is a flexible piezoelectric material polyvinylidene fluoride PVDF, which has strong flexibility and a piezoelectric coefficient of 18-22Pc / N, and the material of the tile-shaped ferromagnetic element is metallic glass Metglas.

[0013] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0014] The present invention utilizes the principle of positive magnetoelectric effect and the principle of ΔE effect to make a type of breeze vibration detector for power transmission lines with self-powered power supply capability. The product effect of magnetostrictive effect and piezoelectric effect, ΔE effect are utilized as a whole. The low-frequency electromagnetic energy generated by the transmission line and the vibration energy during the breeze vibration of the transmission line are collected, and the vibration energy is converted into electrical energy through magnetostrictive effect and piezoelectric effect as the power supply of the device. In addition, due to the ΔE effect and magnetoelectric effect, the present invention can detect the change of DC magnetic field caused by the vibration of small magnetic balls due to the breeze vibration of the transmission line, and convert it into electrical signal output through magnetoelectric heterostructure. First, the present invention uses a three-layer tile-like structure to help increase the bending vibration and reduce the working frequency of the magnetoelectric heterojunction, so that it works under low-frequency conditions. Secondly, the use of lightweight springs can not only provide prestress for the magnetoelectric heterojunction, thereby improving the magnetoelectric effect, but also collect the strain generated by the vibration when the transmission line vibrates in the breeze, so that the present invention can utilize magnetic energy and vibration energy. In addition, the change of the magnetic field caused by the light small magnetic ball with the breeze vibration of the transmission line can accurately detect the amplitude of the breeze vibration. Finally, the present invention utilizes the electromagnetic waves and vibration energy of the transmission line, which is renewable and pollution-free and reduces the harm of electromagnetic waves to the environment. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0015] Figure 1 It is a structural schematic diagram of the present invention;

[0016] Figure 2 It is a front view of the structure of the present invention;

[0017] Figure 3 It is a sectional view of the three-dimensional structure of the present invention;

[0018] Figure 4 It is a planar structural cross-sectional view of the present invention;

[0019] Figure 5 It is a partial planar structural cross-sectional view of the present invention;

[0020] Figure 6 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the copper coil of the present invention;

[0021] Figure 7 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the tile-shaped magnetoelectric heterostructure of the present invention.

[0022] In the figure: 1. Tile-shaped magnetoelectric heterostructure; 2. Tile-shaped piezoelectric element; 3. Tile-shaped ferromagnetic element; 4. Copper coil; 5. Lightweight spring; 6. U-shaped pipe; 7. Lightweight small magnetic ball; 8. Protective shell. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0023] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0024] See also Figure 1-7 The present invention provides a technical solution: a breeze vibration detection device for a self-powered high-voltage transmission line, comprising a device body, wherein the interior of the device body comprises a tile-shaped magnetoelectric heterostructure 1, a copper coil 4, a lightweight spring 5, a U-shaped pipe 6, a lightweight small magnetic ball 7, a protective shell 8 and an external power amplifier circuit, wherein the interior of the tile-shaped magnetoelectric heterostructure 1 comprises a tile-shaped piezoelectric element 2 and a tile-shaped ferromagnetic element 3, wherein the number of the tile-shaped ferromagnetic elements 3 is two, and the tile-shaped piezoelectric element 2 is located between the two tile-shaped ferromagnetic elements 3, the copper coil 4 is wound on the tile-shaped magnetoelectric heterostructure 1 composed of the tile-shaped piezoelectric element 2 and the tile-shaped ferromagnetic element 3, and the lightweight small magnetic ball 7 is located at the bottom of the inner wall of the U-shaped pipe 6 having a smooth inner wall.

[0025] Specifically, the tile-shaped magnetoelectric heterostructure 1 is a three-layer tile-shaped laminated heterostructure, the thickness and width of the tile-shaped piezoelectric element 2 are consistent with those of the tile-shaped ferromagnetic element 3 , and the length of the tile-shaped piezoelectric element 2 is slightly longer than that of the tile-shaped ferromagnetic element 3 .

[0026] Specifically, the number of the lightweight springs 5 ​​is two, and the tile-shaped magneto-electric heterostructure 1 is located between the two lightweight springs 5 ​​.

[0027] Specifically, the material of the lightweight small magnetic ball 7 is lightweight permanent magnet neodymium iron boron Nd2Fe14B.

[0028] Specifically, the U-shaped pipe 6 is connected to the tile-shaped magnetoelectric heterostructure 1 and the copper coil 4 wound on its outside through the lightweight spring 5 at its upper end. The lightweight spring 5 is made of chrome-vanadium steel with an elastic coefficient of 1400-1600N / m, and both lightweight springs 5 ​​are in a compressed state.

[0029] Specifically, the protective shell 8 covers the entire breeze vibration detection device.

[0030] Specifically, the tile-shaped piezoelectric element 2 is polarized along the thickness direction, a pair of electrodes are welded on the upper and lower surfaces of the tile-shaped piezoelectric element 2, two wires are led from the two electrodes, and the external power amplifier circuit is connected through the wires led from the electrodes on both sides of the tile-shaped piezoelectric element 2.

[0031] Specifically, the material of the tile-shaped piezoelectric element 2 is the flexible piezoelectric material polyvinylidene fluoride PVDF, which has strong flexibility and a piezoelectric coefficient of 18-22Pc / N. The material of the tile-shaped ferromagnetic element 3 is metallic glass Metglas.

[0032] The processing method of the above-mentioned self-powered high-voltage transmission line breeze vibration detection device comprises the following steps:

[0033] S1: Preparation of tile-shaped piezoelectric element 2, PVDF emulsion polymerization process is as follows: The polymerization kettle is a 130L stainless steel autoclave with a rotation speed of 88r / min. First, check the sealing performance of the polymerization system, then evacuate the autoclave and fill it with nitrogen to remove oxygen, repeat several times until the oxygen content of the polymerization system meets the requirements; after adding deionized water and initiators, emulsifiers, buffers and other formulation additives to the polymerization kettle, introduce VDF monomer to the polymerization pressure, heat to the polymerization temperature, and start the polymerization reaction; during the polymerization reaction, the pressure in the kettle is maintained in a constant range by adding VDF monomer; after the polymerization reaction is completed, the unreacted VDF monomer is recycled: the polymerization emulsion is condensed, washed, separated, dried, and crushed to obtain a PVDF product. The specific operation when adding VDF is as follows: in VDF suspension polymerization, VDF monomer is suspended in the form of droplets in the dispersion medium deionized water under the action of stirring and dispersant, and an oil-soluble initiator is used to make the initiator enter the monomer droplets to initiate polymerization, and the polymerization product PVDF resin is precipitated in the form of solid particles. The obtained polymerization product PVDF is cut into a tile-like structure with an arc length of 40mm in the length direction, a thickness of 0.1mm, and an arc length of 5mm in the width direction, and an Ag electrode is plated in the thickness direction by magnetron sputtering technology, and its polarization direction is along the thickness direction.

[0034] S2: Bond the tile-shaped piezoelectric element 2 and the tile-shaped ferromagnetic element 3, polish the tile-shaped ferromagnetic element 3 with an arc length of 38 mm in the length direction, an arc length of 5 mm in the width direction, and a thickness of 1 mm with 600# fine sandpaper on both sides, and then clean it with methanol, and bond it to the upper and lower surfaces of the PVDF tile-shaped piezoelectric element 2 with epoxy resin glue, clamp the device with a fixing clamp so that it is under a pressure of 5 MPa, place it in a drying oven at 120°C and heat it for 2 hours, take it out and cool it to room temperature, and obtain a tile-shaped magnetoelectric heterostructure 1.

[0035] S3: Winding the coil: 500 turns of the copper coil 4 are evenly and densely wound around the outer periphery of the tile-shaped magnetoelectric heterostructure 1, and wire ends are reserved at the beginning and end of the copper coil 4 and soldered as functional ends for providing alternating current.

[0036] S4: Install the spring. Place a lightweight spring 5 with an elastic coefficient of 1500 N / m at the upper and lower ends of the copper coil 4 and separate them with soft plastic in the middle.

[0037] S5: Assemble the lightweight small magnetic ball 7 with the U-shaped pipe 6 and the tile-shaped magnetoelectric heterostructure 1. First, place the lightweight small magnetic ball 7 at the inner bottom end of the U-shaped pipe 6 with a smooth inner wall. Then, connect the U-shaped pipe 6 to the lightweight spring 5 above the tile-shaped magnetoelectric heterostructure 1, and the lightweight spring 5 is in a compressed state.

[0038] S6: Packaging: the device is packaged with a protective housing 8.

[0039] The working principle and use process of the present invention are as follows: 1. In a windless state, a small lightweight magnetic ball 7 is located at the lower end of a U-shaped pipe 6, and the small lightweight magnetic ball 7 generates a bias magnetic field. A voltage with a frequency of 50 Hz is passed through the transmission line, and a low-frequency 50 Hz annular magnetic field is generated around it. According to Ampere's law, the closer to the transmission line, the greater the magnetic field strength. When the magnetostrictive phase in the tile-shaped magnetoelectric heterostructure 1 is subjected to a 50 Hz alternating magnetic field, a low-frequency strain is generated, which is transmitted to the piezoelectric phase through the interlayer. Due to the piezoelectric effect, an alternating voltage is generated at both ends of the piezoelectric phase, and the voltage output is detected. In addition, the voltage output provides an alternating current for the coil through a power amplifier circuit. At the same time, the tile-shaped magnetoelectric heterostructure 1 and the copper coil 4 wound around it also serve as sensitive elements of the sensor. When the magnetic field position changes, the voltage signal of the magnetoelectric sensor changes suddenly. 2. When breeze vibration occurs, the lightweight small magnetic ball 7 in the U-shaped pipe 6 swings with the transmission line. At this time, the lightweight small magnetic ball 7 and the tile-shaped magnetoelectric heterostructure 1 and the copper coil 4 wound around it are relatively displaced. The tile-shaped magnetoelectric heterostructure 1 changes the voltage signal of the magnetoelectric sensor through the ΔE effect. In addition, when the transmission line vibrates in breeze, the lightweight springs 5 ​​on the upper and lower sides of the tile-shaped magnetoelectric heterostructure 1 and the copper coil 4 wound around it are elastically deformed. This vibration strain provides power to the device through the piezoelectric effect and also improves the sensitivity of the magnetoelectric sensor. Therefore, the device can not only detect breeze vibration of the transmission line, but also use the low-frequency electromagnetic energy generated by the transmission line and the vibration energy generated by breeze vibration to provide power to the system.

[0040] Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and variations may be made to the embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the present invention, and that the scope of the present invention is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A self-powered high-voltage transmission line breeze vibration detection device, comprising a device body, characterized in that: The interior of the device body comprises a tile-shaped magnetoelectric heterostructure (1), a copper coil (4), a light spring (5), a U-shaped pipe (6), a light small magnetic ball (7), a protective shell (8) and an external power amplifier circuit, wherein the number of the light springs (5) is two, the tile-shaped magnetoelectric heterostructure (1) is located between the two light springs (5), and the U-shaped pipe (6) is connected to the tile-shaped magnetoelectric heterostructure (1) and the copper coil (4) wound on the outside thereof via the light spring (5) at its upper end. The tile-shaped magnetoelectric heterostructure (1) comprises a tile-shaped piezoelectric element (2) and a tile-shaped ferromagnetic element (3) inside, the number of the tile-shaped ferromagnetic elements (3) is two, and the tile-shaped piezoelectric element (2) is located between the two tile-shaped ferromagnetic elements (3), the copper coil (4) is wound on the tile-shaped magnetoelectric heterostructure (1) composed of the tile-shaped piezoelectric element (2) and the tile-shaped ferromagnetic element (3), and the light small magnetic ball (7) is located at the bottom of the inner wall of a U-shaped pipe (6) with a smooth inner wall.

2. The breeze vibration detection device for a self-powered high-voltage transmission line according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The tile-shaped magnetoelectric heterostructure (1) is a three-layer tile-shaped laminated heterostructure; the thickness and width of the tile-shaped piezoelectric element (2) are consistent with those of the tile-shaped ferromagnetic element (3); and the length of the tile-shaped piezoelectric element (2) is slightly longer than that of the tile-shaped ferromagnetic element (3).

3. The breeze vibration detection device for a self-powered high-voltage transmission line according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The material of the lightweight small magnetic ball (7) is lightweight permanent magnet neodymium iron boron Nd2Fe14B.

4. The breeze vibration detection device for a self-powered high-voltage transmission line according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The material of the light spring (5) is chrome vanadium steel, having an elastic coefficient of 1400-1600 N / m, and both light springs (5) are in a compressed state.

5. The breeze vibration detection device for a self-powered high-voltage transmission line according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The protective shell (8) covers the entire breeze vibration detection device.

6. The device for detecting breeze vibration of a self-powered high-voltage transmission line according to claim 1, characterized in that: The tile-shaped piezoelectric element (2) is polarized along the thickness direction, a pair of electrodes are welded on the upper and lower surfaces of the tile-shaped piezoelectric element (2), two wires are led from the two electrodes, and the external power amplifier circuit is connected via the wires led from the electrodes on both sides of the tile-shaped piezoelectric element (2).

7. The device for detecting breeze vibration of a self-powered high-voltage transmission line according to claim 1, characterized in that: The material of the tile-shaped piezoelectric element (2) is a flexible piezoelectric material, polyvinylidene fluoride, which has strong flexibility and a piezoelectric coefficient of 18-22Pc / N. The material of the tile-shaped ferromagnetic element (3) is metallic glass.

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