X-ray tube temperature measurement method, device, equipment and storage medium

Abstract

The present invention relates to the field of X-rays, and specifically to an X-ray tube temperature measurement method, device, equipment and storage medium. Based on the physical structure of the X-ray tube, a corresponding equivalent thermal network model is established to obtain the temperature of the cooling oil, the heat capacity corresponding to the node, the thermal resistance between two adjacent nodes and the heating power of the heat source; based on the heat capacity, thermal resistance, the temperature of the cooling oil and the heating power of the heat source, the temperature of the component in the X-ray tube corresponding to the node is calculated. Without adding test points, the temperature distribution of the X-ray tube can be directly obtained, which is conducive to more accurate protection of the operation of the X-ray tube. The actual measured temperature of the cooling oil is used as the cooling node. No temperature sensor is installed inside the X-ray tube, and temperature monitoring can be performed using a virtual sensor.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the field of X-rays, and in particular to an X-ray tube temperature measurement method, device, equipment and storage medium. Background Art

[0002] The X-ray tube (also called the tube) is a key component for generating X-rays (also called exposure), and is also an expensive, short-lived consumable. During use, the electron beam with strong energy bombards the target surface of the anode target, and most (more than 99%) of its energy is converted into heat. Therefore, the anode target is subjected to a very high heat load during use, and is prone to overheating.

[0003] During the exposure process, the X-ray tube not only generates high temperature in the anode target, but also in other components (such as the drive components, the tube housing, etc.). Under high temperature, the X-ray tube may malfunction, and the existing technology is extremely inconvenient to measure the temperature of each component in the X-ray tube. Summary of the invention

[0004] Therefore, the present invention aims to solve the technical problem that it is extremely inconvenient to measure the temperature of each component in the X-ray tube in the prior art, thereby providing an X-ray tube temperature measurement method, device, equipment and storage medium. The technical solution is as follows:

[0005] In one aspect, the present application provides a method for measuring temperature of an X-ray tube, the method comprising:

[0006] Based on the physical structure of the X-ray tube, a corresponding equivalent thermal network model is established, wherein the equivalent thermal network model includes a plurality of nodes, wherein the plurality of nodes correspond to cooling oil and components in the X-ray tube one by one, wherein at least a node corresponding to the anode target focus in the X-ray tube is connected to a heat source, and two components where heat exchange occurs and nodes corresponding to the components and the cooling oil are connected via thermal resistance, and a node corresponding to each component in the X-ray tube is connected to a heat capacitor;

[0007] Obtaining the temperature of the cooling oil, the heat capacity corresponding to the node, the thermal resistance between two adjacent nodes, and the heating power of the heat source;

[0008] The temperature of the component in the X-ray tube corresponding to the node is calculated based on the heat capacity, the thermal resistance, the temperature of the cooling oil and the heating power of the heat source.

[0009] Optionally, the thermal resistor is a variable thermal resistor.

[0010] Optionally, a temperature sensor is provided in the cooling oil.

[0011] Optionally, the temperature difference between the i+1th sampling and the ith sampling of each component in the X-ray tube is calculated by a first mathematical model, and the first mathematical model is:

[0012]

[0013] Wherein, ΔT represents the temperature difference between the node n from the i+1th sampling to the ith sampling, and q n represents the heating power of the heat source of the node n between the i+1th and ith sampling times, and the C n represents the heat capacity of node n, Δt represents the sampling time interval, and R jn represents the thermal resistance between node n and node j.

[0014] Optionally, the temperature of each component in the X-ray tube is calculated by a second mathematical model, and the second mathematical model is:

[0015]

[0016] In the formula, Represents the temperature of node n at the i-th sampling time.

[0017] Optionally, the equivalent thermal network model includes:

[0018] The first circuit includes a heat source, an anode target focus node, a first thermal resistor, an anode target node, a second thermal resistor, a rotor node, a third thermal resistor, a stator node, a fourth thermal resistor, a stator end node, a fifth thermal resistor and a cooling oil node connected in series in sequence, wherein the anode target focus node is connected to a first thermal capacitor, the anode target node is connected to a second thermal capacitor, the rotor node is connected to a third thermal capacitor, the stator node is connected to a fourth thermal capacitor, and the stator end node is connected to a fifth thermal capacitor;

[0019] The second circuit includes a sixth thermal resistor, a shell node and a seventh thermal resistor connected in series in sequence, the sixth thermal resistor is connected to the anode target focus node, the seventh thermal resistor is connected to the stator end node, the shell node is connected to a sixth heat capacitor, an eighth thermal resistor is connected between the shell node and the anode target node, and a ninth thermal resistor is connected between the shell node and the cooling oil node.

[0020] On the other hand, the present application provides an X-ray tube temperature measurement device, the device comprising:

[0021] A construction module is used to establish a corresponding equivalent thermal network model based on the physical structure of the X-ray tube, wherein the equivalent thermal network model includes a plurality of nodes, wherein the plurality of nodes correspond to cooling oil and components in the X-ray tube one by one, wherein at least a node corresponding to the anode target focus in the X-ray tube is connected to a heat source, and two components where heat exchange occurs and nodes corresponding to the components and the cooling oil are connected via thermal resistance, and a node corresponding to each component in the X-ray tube is connected to a heat capacitor;

[0022] An acquisition module, used to acquire the temperature of the cooling oil, the heat capacity corresponding to the node, the thermal resistance between two adjacent nodes and the heating power of the heat source;

[0023] The calculation module is used to calculate the temperature of the component in the X-ray tube corresponding to the node based on the heat capacity, thermal resistance, temperature of cooling oil and heating power of the heat source.

[0024] Optionally, the thermal resistor is a variable thermal resistor.

[0025] On the one hand, the present application provides a computer device, comprising: a memory and a processor, the memory and the processor are communicatively connected to each other, the memory stores computer instructions, and the processor executes the above-mentioned X-ray tube temperature measurement method by executing the computer instructions.

[0026] On the other hand, the present application provides a computer-readable storage medium, wherein the computer-readable storage medium stores computer instructions, and the computer instructions are used to enable a computer to execute the above-mentioned X-ray tube temperature measurement method.

[0027] In yet another aspect, the present application provides a computer program product, which is used to implement the above-mentioned X-ray tube temperature measurement method when the computer program product is run on a computer device.

[0028] The technical solution of the present invention has the following advantages:

[0029] The X-ray tube temperature measurement method provided by the present invention establishes a corresponding equivalent thermal network model based on the physical structure of the X-ray tube, and uses the heat capacity, thermal resistance, temperature of cooling oil and heating power of the heat source in the equivalent thermal network model to calculate the temperature of the components in the X-ray tube corresponding to each node. The temperature distribution of the X-ray tube can be directly obtained without adding test points, which is conducive to more accurate protection of the operation of the X-ray tube. The actually measured temperature of the cooling oil is used as the cooling node, and no temperature sensor is installed inside the X-ray tube, and temperature monitoring can be performed using a virtual sensor. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0030] In order to more clearly illustrate the specific implementation methods of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings required for use in the specific implementation methods or the description of the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are some implementation methods of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying creative work.

[0031] Figure 1 This is a flow chart of a method for measuring temperature of an X-ray tube according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0032] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of an X-ray tube according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0033] Figure 3 for Figure 2 Schematic diagram of the equivalent thermal network model structure;

[0034] Figure 4 This is a structural block diagram of an X-ray tube temperature measuring device according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0035] Figure 5 The figure is a functional block diagram of a computer device according to an embodiment of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0036] The technical solution of the present invention will be described clearly and completely below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0037] In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that the terms "first", "second" and "third" are used for descriptive purposes only and cannot be understood as indicating or implying relative importance. In addition, the technical features involved in the different embodiments of the present invention described below can be combined with each other as long as they do not conflict with each other.

[0038] Example 1

[0039] This embodiment provides a method for measuring the temperature of an X-ray tube. Figure 1 1 is a flow chart illustrating how to measure the temperature of various components of an X-ray tube using an equivalent thermal network model according to some embodiments of the present invention. Although the processes described below include multiple operations that appear in a specific order, it should be clearly understood that these processes may also include more or fewer operations, and these operations may be performed sequentially or in parallel (for example, using a parallel processor or a multi-threaded environment). Figure 1 As shown, the method comprises the following steps:

[0040] S101. Based on the physical structure of the X-ray tube, a corresponding equivalent thermal network model is established.

[0041] The equivalent thermal network model includes multiple nodes, and the multiple nodes correspond to the cooling oil and each component in the X-ray tube one by one. The node corresponding to the anode target focus in the X-ray tube is connected to a heat source, and the heat source can generate a large amount of heat and transfer it to other nodes through the node corresponding to the anode target focus. The nodes corresponding to the two components that exchange heat in the X-ray tube are connected by thermal resistance, the nodes corresponding to the components in the X-ray tube that exchange heat with the cooling oil are connected by thermal resistance, and the nodes corresponding to each component in the X-ray tube are connected with heat capacity. It should be noted that those skilled in the art can discretize the X-ray tube according to the physical structure to obtain several key nodes. Among them, the principle of discretization can be: the parts with basically the same physical properties can be used as the same node; the parts with small temperature difference can be used as the same node; the parts with the same heat dissipation environment can be used as the same node. In some embodiments, in addition to the node corresponding to the anode target focus of the X-ray tube being connected to a heat source, other components in the X-ray tube can also be connected to a heat source, and those skilled in the art can make reasonable choices according to actual conditions.

[0042] The size of the thermal resistance and heat capacity can be selected according to the actual physical structure of the X-ray tube, simulation and subsequent calibration, so that the calculation result of the equivalent thermal network model is more accurate. The thermal resistance can be a fixed value thermal resistance or a variable thermal resistance, that is, the resistance value of the thermal resistance can change, for example, with temperature or with time, so as to better fit the actual situation and improve the temperature measurement accuracy.

[0043] like Figure 2 and Figure 3 As shown, Figure 2 A schematic diagram of the structure of an X-ray tube is shown. Figure 3 The equivalent thermal network model structure of the X-ray tube is shown. The X-ray tube is placed in cooling oil 101, and the cathode 102 generates an electron beam that hits the anode target focus 103, thereby generating X-rays. A large amount of heat is generated at the anode target focus 103 and transferred to the anode target 104, the rotating shaft 105, the rotor 106, the stator 107, the stator end 108, the cooling oil 101 and the housing 109.

[0044] like Figure 3As shown, according to the physical structure of the X-ray tube, a corresponding equivalent thermal network model is established, and the equivalent thermal network model includes a first circuit and a second circuit, and the first circuit includes a heat source P1, an anode target focus node 1, a first thermal resistor R12, an anode target node 2, a second thermal resistor R23, a rotor node 3, a third thermal resistor R34, a stator node 4, a fourth thermal resistor R45, a stator end node 5, a fifth thermal resistor R57 and a cooling oil node 7 connected in series in sequence. Among them, the anode target focus node 1 is connected to the first thermal capacitor C1, the anode target node 2 is connected to the second thermal capacitor C2, the rotor node 3 is connected to the third thermal capacitor C3, the stator node 4 is connected to the fourth thermal capacitor C4, and the stator end node 5 is connected to the fifth thermal capacitor C5.

[0045] The second circuit includes a sixth thermal resistor R16, a shell node 6 and a seventh thermal resistor R56 connected in series in sequence, the sixth thermal resistor R16 is connected to the anode target focus node 1, the seventh thermal resistor R56 is connected to the stator end node 5, the shell node 6 is connected to the sixth heat capacitor C6, the eighth thermal resistor R26 is connected between the shell node 6 and the anode target node 2, and the ninth thermal resistor R67 is connected between the shell node 6 and the cooling oil node 7.

[0046] S102, obtaining the temperature of the cooling oil, the heat capacity corresponding to the node, the thermal resistance between two adjacent nodes, and the heating power of the heat source.

[0047] The equivalent thermal network model simulates the working state of each component in the X-ray tube. The heat source generates the same working voltage and working current as the X-ray tube, and the working time is the same. Based on the working voltage, working current, working time and efficiency, the heat power of the heat source during exposure is calculated. A temperature sensor (not shown) can be set in the cooling oil to detect the temperature of the cooling oil in real time.

[0048] S103. Calculate the temperature of the component in the X-ray tube corresponding to the node based on the heat capacity, thermal resistance, the temperature of the cooling oil and the heating power of the heat source.

[0049] The temperature of each node is calculated using the heat capacity corresponding to each node, the thermal resistance between two adjacent nodes, the temperature of the cooling oil and the heating power of the heat source, that is, the temperature of each component in the X-ray tube is calculated accordingly.

[0050] The temperature of each node can be calculated by a mathematical model, which is:

[0051]

[0052] In the formula, represents the temperature of node n at the i-th sampling time (℃), q n represents the heating power (W) of the heat source at node n between the i-1th and ith sampling times, C nrepresents the heat capacity of node n (J / ℃), Δt represents the sampling time interval (s), R jn represents the thermal resistance between node n and node j.

[0053] It should be noted that if node n is not connected to a heat source, or node n is connected to a heat source but does not work from the i-1th to the i-th sampling, then the heating power of the heat source of node n is 0 from the i-1th to the i-th sampling.

[0054] For example, if Figure 2 and Figure 3 As shown, after the heat source P1 works, the rotor node 3 is sampled for the first time, and the corresponding rotor temperature is:

[0055]

[0056] in, and They are respectively the initial temperatures of the anode target 104, the rotor 106 and the stator 107 in the X-ray tube corresponding to the anode target node 2, the rotor node 3 and the stator node 4. The initial temperature can be set to the oil temperature, or can be measured before the generation of X-rays begins.

[0057] For another example, after the heat source P1 is working, the stator end node 5 is sampled for the second time, and the corresponding stator end temperature is:

[0058]

[0059] Where Δt is the time interval between the first sampling and the second sampling, and They are respectively the temperatures of the stator node 4, the stator end node 5, the housing node 6 and the cooling oil node 7 at the first sampling. The temperature of the cooling oil node 7 can be measured by a temperature sensor.

[0060] In one or more embodiments, the spatial state evidence of each node in the equivalent thermal network model may be calculated to obtain the temperature change rate of node n at time t, thereby predicting the temperature of node n at subsequent times.

[0061] In summary, this implementation is based on the physical structure of the X-ray tube, establishes a corresponding equivalent thermal network model, and uses the heat capacity, thermal resistance, cooling oil temperature and heating power of the heat source in the equivalent thermal network model to calculate the temperature of the components in the X-ray tube corresponding to each node. Without adding test points, the temperature distribution of the X-ray tube can be directly obtained, which is conducive to more accurate protection of the operation of the X-ray tube. The measured cooling oil temperature is used as the cooling node. No temperature sensor is installed inside the X-ray tube, and temperature monitoring can be performed using a virtual sensor.

[0062] Example 2

[0063] This embodiment provides an X-ray tube temperature measurement device, which can be a computer device or can be set in a computer device. Figure 4 As shown, the device includes a construction module 201, an acquisition module 202 and a calculation module 203.

[0064] The construction module 201 is used to establish a corresponding equivalent thermal network model based on the physical structure of the X-ray tube, wherein the equivalent thermal network model includes a plurality of nodes, wherein the plurality of nodes correspond to the cooling oil and the components in the X-ray tube one by one, wherein at least the node corresponding to the anode target focus in the X-ray tube is connected to a heat source, and the two components where heat exchange occurs and the nodes corresponding to the components and the cooling oil are connected through thermal resistances, and the nodes corresponding to each component in the X-ray tube are connected to a heat capacitor; for details, please refer to the relevant description in Example 1, which will not be repeated here.

[0065] The acquisition module 202 is used to obtain the temperature of the cooling oil, the heat capacity corresponding to the node, the thermal resistance between two adjacent nodes and the heating power of the heat source; for details, please refer to the relevant description in Example 1, which will not be repeated here.

[0066] The calculation module 203 is used to calculate the temperature of the component in the X-ray tube corresponding to the node based on the heat capacity, thermal resistance, temperature of the cooling oil and heating power of the heat source. For details, please refer to the relevant description in Example 1, which will not be repeated here.

[0067] In one or more embodiments, the thermal resistor is a variable thermal resistor, and a temperature sensor is provided in the cooling oil. For details, please refer to the relevant description in Embodiment 1, which will not be repeated here.

[0068] The effects of the X-ray tube temperature measuring device of this embodiment can be found in the relevant description of Embodiment 1, and will not be elaborated here.

[0069] Example 3

[0070] This embodiment provides a computer device, such as Figure 5 As shown, the computer device includes a processor 301 and a memory 302, wherein the processor 301 and the memory 302 can be connected via a bus or other means. Figure 5 The example of connecting through bus is taken in the following.

[0071] The processor 301 may be a central processing unit (CPU). The processor 301 may also be other general-purpose processors, digital signal processors (DSP), graphics processors (GPU), embedded neural network processors (NPU), or other dedicated deep learning coprocessors, application specific integrated circuits (ASIC), field programmable gate arrays (FPGA), or other programmable logic devices, discrete gate or transistor logic devices, discrete hardware components, or a combination of the above chips.

[0072] The memory 302, as a non-transitory computer-readable storage medium, can be used to store non-transitory software programs, non-transitory computer executable programs and modules, such as program instructions / modules corresponding to the X-ray tube temperature measurement method in the embodiment of the present invention (such as the construction module 201, the acquisition module 202 and the calculation module 203 in the above embodiment). The processor 301 executes various functional applications and data processing of the processor by running the non-transitory software programs, instructions and modules stored in the memory 302, that is, realizes the above-mentioned X-ray tube temperature measurement method.

[0073] The memory 302 may include a program storage area and a data storage area, wherein the program storage area may store an operating system, an application required by at least one function; the data storage area may store data created by the processor 301, etc. In addition, the memory 302 may include a high-speed random access memory, and may also include a non-volatile memory, such as at least one disk storage device, a flash memory device, or other non-volatile solid-state storage device. In some embodiments, the memory 302 may optionally include a memory remotely arranged relative to the processor 301, and these remote memories may be connected to the processor 301 via a network. Examples of the above-mentioned network include, but are not limited to, the Internet, an intranet, a local area network, a mobile communication network, and combinations thereof.

[0074] The embodiment of the present invention further provides a computer-readable storage medium, which stores computer-executable instructions, and the computer-executable instructions can execute the X-ray tube temperature measurement method in any of the above method embodiments. The storage medium can be a magnetic disk, an optical disk, a read-only memory (ROM), a random access memory (RAM), a flash memory, a hard disk (HDD) or a solid-state drive (SSD), etc.; the storage medium can also include a combination of the above types of memory.

[0075] The embodiment of the present application also provides a computer program product. When the computer program product is run on a computer device, the X-ray tube temperature measurement method in embodiment 1 is implemented.

[0076] Obviously, the above embodiments are merely examples for the purpose of clear explanation, and are not intended to limit the implementation methods. For those skilled in the art, other different forms of changes or modifications can be made based on the above description. It is not necessary and impossible to list all the implementation methods here. The obvious changes or modifications derived therefrom are still within the scope of protection of the invention.

Claims

1. A method for measuring the temperature of an X-ray tube, characterized in that: The method comprises: Based on the physical structure of the X-ray tube, a corresponding equivalent thermal network model is established, wherein the equivalent thermal network model includes a plurality of nodes, wherein the plurality of nodes correspond to the cooling oil and the components in the X-ray tube one by one, wherein at least the node corresponding to the anode target focus in the X-ray tube is connected to a heat source, and the nodes corresponding to the two components in the X-ray tube where heat exchange occurs and the nodes corresponding to the components in the X-ray tube where heat exchange occurs with the cooling oil are connected via thermal resistance, and the nodes corresponding to each component in the X-ray tube are connected to a heat capacitor; Obtaining the temperature of the cooling oil, the heat capacity corresponding to the node, the thermal resistance between two adjacent nodes, and the heating power of the heat source; Based on the heat capacity, thermal resistance, temperature of cooling oil and heating power of heat source, the temperature of the component in the X-ray tube corresponding to the node is calculated, wherein the temperature difference between the i+1th sampling and the ith sampling of each component in the X-ray tube is calculated by a first mathematical model, and the first mathematical model is: In the formula, represents the temperature difference between the node n in the i+1th and ith sampling times, represents the heating power of the heat source of the node n between the i+1th and ith sampling times, represents the heat capacity of node n, represents the sampling time interval, represents the thermal resistance between node n and node j; The temperature of each component in the X-ray tube is calculated by a second mathematical model, wherein the second mathematical model is: In the formula, Represents the temperature of node n at the i-th sampling time.

2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that The thermal resistance is a variable thermal resistance.

3. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that A temperature sensor is arranged in the cooling oil.

4. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that: The equivalent thermal network model includes: The first circuit includes a heat source, an anode target focus node, a first thermal resistor, an anode target node, a second thermal resistor, a rotor node, a third thermal resistor, a stator node, a fourth thermal resistor, a stator end node, a fifth thermal resistor and a cooling oil node connected in series in sequence, wherein the anode target focus node is connected to a first thermal capacitor, the anode target node is connected to a second thermal capacitor, the rotor node is connected to a third thermal capacitor, the stator node is connected to a fourth thermal capacitor, and the stator end node is connected to a fifth thermal capacitor; The second circuit includes a sixth thermal resistor, a shell node and a seventh thermal resistor connected in series in sequence, the sixth thermal resistor is connected to the anode target focus node, the seventh thermal resistor is connected to the stator end node, the shell node is connected to a sixth heat capacitor, an eighth thermal resistor is connected between the shell node and the anode target node, and a ninth thermal resistor is connected between the shell node and the cooling oil node.

5. An X-ray tube temperature measuring device, characterized in that: The device comprises: A construction module is used to establish a corresponding equivalent thermal network model based on the physical structure of the X-ray tube, wherein the equivalent thermal network model includes a plurality of nodes, wherein the plurality of nodes correspond to cooling oil and components in the X-ray tube one by one, wherein at least a node corresponding to the anode target focus in the X-ray tube is connected to a heat source, and nodes corresponding to two components in the X-ray tube where heat exchange occurs and nodes corresponding to components in the X-ray tube where heat exchange occurs with the cooling oil are connected via thermal resistance, and a node corresponding to each component in the X-ray tube is connected to a heat capacitor; An acquisition module, used to acquire the temperature of the cooling oil, the heat capacity corresponding to the node, the thermal resistance between two adjacent nodes and the heating power of the heat source; A calculation module is used to calculate the temperature of the component in the X-ray tube corresponding to the node based on the heat capacity, thermal resistance, temperature of the cooling oil and heating power of the heat source, wherein the temperature difference between the i+1th sampling and the ith sampling of each component in the X-ray tube is calculated by a first mathematical model, and the first mathematical model is: In the formula, represents the temperature difference between the node n in the i+1th and ith sampling times, represents the heating power of the heat source of the node n between the i+1th and ith sampling times, represents the heat capacity of node n, represents the sampling time interval, represents the thermal resistance between node n and node j; The temperature of each component in the X-ray tube is calculated by a second mathematical model, wherein the second mathematical model is: In the formula, Represents the temperature of node n at the i-th sampling time.

6. The device according to claim 5, characterized in that The thermal resistance is a variable thermal resistance.

7. A computer device, characterized in that: include: A memory and a processor, wherein the memory and the processor are communicatively connected to each other, the memory stores computer instructions, and the processor executes the X-ray tube temperature measurement method according to any one of claims 1 to 4 by executing the computer instructions.

8. A computer-readable storage medium, characterized in that: The computer-readable storage medium stores computer instructions, and the computer instructions are used to enable a computer to execute the X-ray tube temperature measurement method according to any one of claims 1 to 4.

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