Anti-UAV UV close-range detection and recognition method in three-dimensional space

Abstract

The present invention discloses a method for close-range ultraviolet light detection and identification of anti-UAVs in three-dimensional space, comprising: rotating an ultraviolet MIMO communication system to detect and obtain a target UAV's position signal; the ultraviolet MIMO communication system includes an array of ultraviolet light sources; determining whether the position signal is a UAV signal; and if so, determining whether the UAV signal is a friendly UAV to complete identification. The ultraviolet MIMO communication system (ultraviolet photoelectric detector) is used for detection, identification, and communication, with long-term stable detection accuracy and strong anti-interference capabilities against infrared, visible light, and electromagnetic interference. After classifying and identifying the target UAV, an electronic password query method is used to further determine whether it is a friendly UAV, thereby improving identification accuracy. At the same time, covert communication continues to complete information exchange between UAVs.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to the technical field of drone identification and relates to an anti-drone ultraviolet light close-range detection and identification method in three-dimensional space. Background Art

[0002] In modern warfare, "light, slow, and small" drones often appear at great depth, in all directions, in multiple batches, and at all altitudes, placing higher demands on combat systems' drone target detection and identification capabilities. To meet combat needs, there is an urgent need for high-performance, high-stability, and high-reliability ultraviolet photoelectric detection methods, especially those that can operate under extreme and harsh conditions. As the core component of ultraviolet detection systems, the performance indicators of ultraviolet photoelectric detectors have a crucial impact on the reliability and accuracy of ultraviolet detection systems. Ultraviolet communication technology, which has great development potential, uses ultraviolet light as a medium. Compared with traditional drone target detection methods, wireless ultraviolet light detection and identification methods have the advantages of strong anti-interference capabilities, all-weather non-line-of-sight communication, low eavesdropping rate and position resolution, safety, efficiency, and high flexibility. Therefore, they are suitable for close-range and complex battlefield environments.

[0003] Identification of friend or foe (IFF) is the first line of defense for drone swarm combat systems. To address the issue of IFF for drones operating in electromagnetic interference and electronic countermeasures environments, an IFF interrogation and response system has been designed using airborne ultraviolet (UV) devices. This system enables IFF and information exchange within a swarm of drones operating under strong electromagnetic interference and electronic countermeasures. Given the limited use of radio communication in electronic countermeasures, wireless UV light is used for covert communication within the drone formation, and a delay-tolerant strategy is employed for information forwarding within the swarm. This addresses the potential for misjudgment of target attributes in complex battlefield environments, improves IFF accuracy, and ensures the effectiveness of information transmission within the drone swarm. During drone formation combat, accurate and reliable IFF is required to prevent damage caused by enemy drones infiltrating the formation. This ensures rapid positioning of drone targets and reliable information transmission. This highly secure detection and communication technology is particularly important in modern warfare, but existing identification methods suffer from low accuracy. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of the present invention is to provide an anti-UAV ultraviolet light close-range detection and identification method in three-dimensional space, which solves the problem of low recognition accuracy in harsh environments in the existing technology.

[0005] The technical solution adopted by the present invention is a method for detecting and identifying ultraviolet light at close range against UAVs in three-dimensional space, comprising the following steps:

[0006] Step 1: Rotate the ultraviolet MIMO communication system to detect and obtain the position signal of the target UAV; the ultraviolet MIMO communication system includes an ultraviolet light source array;

[0007] Step 2: Determine whether the location signal is a drone signal;

[0008] Step 3: If yes, determine whether the drone signal is our drone and complete the identification.

[0009] The present invention is also characterized in that:

[0010] The specific process of step 2 is:

[0011] Determine whether the signal stability amplitude of the location signal in a certain frequency band is greater than the preset threshold σ. If so, the location signal is recorded as a suspected drone signal; calculate whether the autocorrelation function of the suspected drone signal is periodic. If so, the location signal is a drone signal;

[0012] The specific process of step 3 is as follows:

[0013] Data is collected on drone signals, and the target drone is classified and identified as friend or foe using a drone classification and identification algorithm; if the target drone is a friendly drone, it is questioned to further determine whether the target drone is a friendly drone and complete the identification.

[0014] In step 3, the K nearest neighbor algorithm is used to classify the target drone into friend or foe.

[0015] The inquiry process in step 3 is as follows:

[0016] Sending a predetermined inquiry signal to the target UAV via the ultraviolet MIMO communication system;

[0017] Receive the response signal containing the target drone's own number;

[0018] If no response signal is received, it is judged to be an enemy aircraft; if a response signal is received, its information frame structure format and drone number information are judged to be normal. If normal, it is judged to be a friendly drone, otherwise it is an enemy drone.

[0019] The beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows: the anti-UAV ultraviolet light close-range detection and identification method in three-dimensional space of the present invention adopts an ultraviolet light MIMO communication system (ultraviolet photoelectric detector) for detection, identification and communication, the detection accuracy can be stable for a long time, and it has strong anti-interference capabilities against infrared, visible light, electromagnetic, etc.; after classifying and identifying the target UAV, an inquiry method of sending an electronic password is adopted to further determine whether it is a friendly UAV, thereby improving the accuracy of identification, while continuing to carry out secret communication to complete information exchange between UAVs. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0020] Figure 1 It is a structural diagram of the ultraviolet light MIMO communication system in the anti-UAV ultraviolet light close-range detection and identification method in three-dimensional space of the present invention;

[0021] Figure 2 This is the IFF friend-or-foe judgment process in the anti-UAV ultraviolet light close-range detection and identification method in three-dimensional space of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0022] The present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

[0023] Drones, combat vehicles, base stations, and other devices equipped with the UV MIMO communication system automatically scan and transmit UV light of a set wavelength to achieve neighbor discovery, thereby detecting and identifying target drones. The UV detection system then receives the signal. The system can independently conduct covert communications when passing through base station signal blind spots. The wireless UV MIMO communication system enables multiple transmission and reception of information between multiple combat platforms, providing more real-time interactive information for combat command systems. The system works by transmitting UV light from a UV transmitter, targeting potential drones flying within a predetermined surveillance area. A portion of the emitted light is reflected by the target drone, reaching a light receiver, and then collected by a central photodiode.

[0024] The method for detecting and identifying ultraviolet light at close range against UAVs in three-dimensional space includes the following steps:

[0025] Step 1: Mount the ultraviolet MIMO communication system on a UAV, combat vehicle, base station, etc., rotate the ultraviolet MIMO communication system, and detect the position signal of the target UAV; the ultraviolet MIMO communication system mainly includes a transmitting / receiving ultraviolet light source array, such as Figure 1 As shown;

[0026] Specifically, the light source array of the ultraviolet MIMO communication system can rotate 360 ​​degrees along the vertical axis, so that the array rotates to increase the detection opportunity, realize all-round signal detection and reception, and use the angle of arrival (AOA) positioning method to obtain the position signal of the target drone based on the received signal. The target drone position signal is amplified by a low-noise high-frequency amplifier and sent to the filter for filtering. The filtered signal is down-converted by the mixer to output a relatively stable intermediate frequency signal spectrum information (position signal). The rotation of the array will allow the monitoring area to be scanned by illuminating different areas in all directions within the monitoring area. When the surface of the target drone coincides with the illuminated area and the surface area allows a detectable amount of energy to be reflected, detection occurs. The ultraviolet MIMO communication system of the present invention only includes one ultraviolet light source array, which reduces the manufacturing cost and the transmission energy of the ultraviolet light source by minimizing the number of ultraviolet light sources and ultraviolet light receivers.

[0027] Step 2: Determine whether the location signal is a drone signal;

[0028] Specifically, the system determines whether the stable amplitude of the processed location signal in a certain frequency band is greater than a preset threshold σ. If so, the location signal is recorded as a suspected drone signal. The system also calculates whether the autocorrelation function of the suspected drone signal is periodic. If so, the location signal is considered a drone signal. The autocorrelation function of interference signals such as noise does not have periodicity.

[0029] Step 3: If yes, determine whether the drone signal is our drone and complete the identification;

[0030] Specifically, drone signals are collected and a drone classification and identification algorithm is used to classify the target drone as friend or foe. If the target drone is a friendly drone, an inquiry is made to further determine whether it is a friendly drone, completing the identification. This embodiment employs a K-nearest neighbor algorithm to classify the target drone as friend or foe. The algorithm uses Euclidean distance to calculate the distance between unknown and known points. By setting different K values, the algorithm's recognition rate is maximized, addressing the system complexity and low recognition efficiency issues of existing drone detection and identification equipment.

[0031] like Figure 2 As shown in the figure, the inquiry process is as follows:

[0032] The predetermined inquiry signal is sent to the target UAV through the IFF inquiry-response system in the ultraviolet MIMO communication system;

[0033] Receive the response signal containing the target drone's own number;

[0034] If no response signal is received, it is judged to be an enemy aircraft; if a response signal is received, its information frame structure format and drone number information are judged to be normal. If normal, it is judged to be a friendly drone, otherwise it is an enemy drone.

[0035] The UV MIMO communication system is not only insensitive to long-wave electromagnetic interference, but can operate in environments with strong electromagnetic radiation. It also boasts excellent stealth. Rather than actively radiating electromagnetic waves to transmit detection signals to targets, it passively receives UV radiation to identify targets, significantly minimizing exposure of its location. Wireless UV light is used for covert information exchange, ensuring the effectiveness of information transmission within a swarm of drones. UV communication offers both line-of-sight and non-line-of-sight modes, allowing each drone to freely select the appropriate communication method based on its real-time environmental requirements. The core component of the UV communication system is the control unit (MCU), which primarily modulates and demodulates the wireless UV signal. If obstacles prevent line-of-sight communication between the drone systems during communication, non-line-of-sight communication is used.

[0036] Through the above-mentioned approach, the present invention provides a three-dimensional anti-UAV ultraviolet light close-range detection and identification method, which utilizes an ultraviolet MIMO communication system (ultraviolet photodetector) for detection. This method offers long-term stable detection accuracy and strong anti-interference capabilities against infrared and visible light. It is suitable for special communication scenarios, such as gas stations, refueling stations, and underground mines. Wireless electromagnetic waves can easily generate sparks, leading to safety incidents. Wireless ultraviolet light communication, however, eliminates these issues, meeting communication requirements while ensuring safety. The method eliminates the need for acquisition, pointing, and tracking (APT). The transmitter and receiver each transmit and receive at a specific angle, forming a common object, an effective scatterer. The signal-carrying ultraviolet light is scattered by the effective scatterer and reaches the receiver. Therefore, as long as the receiving end of the communication system is within the coverage range of the transmitting end, the ultraviolet light signal will be detected. After classifying and identifying the target drone, an electronic command is sent to further determine whether it is a friendly drone, improving identification accuracy.

Claims

1. A method for detecting and identifying anti-UAV ultraviolet light at close range in three-dimensional space, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: Step 1: Rotate the ultraviolet MIMO communication system to detect the location signal of the target UAV; The ultraviolet MIMO communication system includes a transmitting / receiving ultraviolet light source array that can rotate 360 ​​degrees along a vertical axis to achieve omnidirectional signal detection and reception. The light source array uses an arrival angle positioning method to obtain a target drone's position signal based on the received signal. The target drone's position signal is amplified by a low-noise high-frequency amplifier and then sent to a filter for filtering. The filtered signal is down-converted by a mixer and output as a position signal. Step 2: Determine whether the location signal is a drone signal; Step 3: If yes, determine whether the drone signal is from our drone and complete the identification; The specific process of step 2 is: Determine whether the signal stability amplitude of the position signal in a certain frequency band is greater than a preset threshold If yes, the position signal is recorded as a suspected drone signal; calculate whether the autocorrelation function of the suspected drone signal is periodic; if yes, the position signal is a drone signal; The specific process of step 3 is as follows: Data is collected on the drone signal, and a drone classification and identification algorithm is used to classify and identify the target drone as a friendly or enemy drone; if the target drone is a friendly drone, an inquiry is conducted to further determine whether the target drone is a friendly drone, thereby completing the identification; In step 3, the K nearest neighbor algorithm is used to classify the target drone into friend or foe. The inquiry process in step 3 is as follows: Sending a predetermined inquiry signal to the target UAV via the ultraviolet MIMO communication system; Receive the response signal containing the target drone's own number; If no response signal is received, it is judged to be an enemy aircraft; if a response signal is received, its information frame structure format and drone number information are judged to be normal. If normal, it is judged to be a friendly drone, otherwise it is an enemy drone.

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