A switching structure and switching method between random density weighted array and regular array

Abstract

The present invention relates to a phased array radar, and more specifically to a switching structure and method for connecting a random density weighted array to a regular array in a phased array radar, which is used to address the shortcomings of the existing interconnection method between the antenna array surface and the TR component in the phased array radar, such as poor antenna isolation and large insertion loss. The switching structure for connecting the random density weighted array to the regular array includes an upper plate, a radiation plate, a radio frequency coaxial cable assembly, grid bars and a lower plate, as well as a guide and positioning assembly, which are arranged in sequence from top to bottom. Based on the above-mentioned switching structure for connecting the random density weighted array to the regular array, the present invention also provides a method for connecting the random density weighted array to the regular array.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to a phased array radar, and in particular to a switching structure and a switching method between a random density weighted array and a regular array in a phased array radar. Background Art

[0002] Since the advent of radar, radar technology has experienced rapid development, with phased array radar becoming the mainstream. Regardless of the application, the interconnection and corresponding positional relationship between antenna units and TR components are key factors in achieving their functionality. However, in existing phased array radars, the interconnection between the antenna array and TR components is mostly based on regular points on the printed circuit board. This interconnection method suffers from poor antenna isolation and high insertion loss. Therefore, a new interconnection method is needed to address these drawbacks. Summary of the Invention

[0003] The purpose of the present invention is to solve the shortcomings of the existing interconnection method between the antenna array surface and the TR component in the phased array radar, such as poor antenna isolation and large insertion loss, and to provide a switching structure and switching method for a random density weighted array and a regular array.

[0004] In order to solve the deficiencies of the above-mentioned prior art, the present invention provides the following technical solutions:

[0005] A switching structure between a random density weighted array and a regular array is characterized in that it includes a radio frequency coaxial cable assembly, a guide positioning assembly, and an upper plate, a radiation plate, a grid bar, and a lower plate arranged in sequence from top to bottom;

[0006] The lower surface of the upper plate is provided with a plurality of antenna points, and the plurality of antenna points are irregularly and unequally spaced structures; the grid bars are fixed on the upper surface of the lower plate, and the lower surface of the lower plate is provided with a plurality of TR component points, and the plurality of TR component points are divided into a plurality of groups, and each group of TR component points is a regular and equidistant structure; one end of the RF coaxial cable assembly is connected to the jack of the radiation plate and is connected to the antenna point through a connector, and the other end passes through the grid bars and is connected to the TR component point;

[0007] The guide and positioning assembly includes M guide posts for positioning the upper plate and the radiation plate, N support posts for positioning the radiation plate and the grid bars, and multiple transition pins and multiple positioning pins for positioning the upper plate and the lower plate, M>N;

[0008] The transition pins are used to temporarily position the upper plate and the lower plate when connecting the components, and the positioning pins are used to position the upper plate and the lower plate after the connection is completed.

[0009] Furthermore, an axially protruding guide column fixing end is provided at the lower end of the guide column, and the diameter of the guide column fixing end is smaller than the diameter of the guide column; the guide column fixing end is connected to the radiation plate by a threaded connection.

[0010] Furthermore, a first positioning hole is provided on the radiation plate, a support column guide end adapted to the first positioning hole is provided on the upper end of the support column, a first threaded hole is provided axially at the center of the support column guide end, the support column guide end extends into the first positioning hole and is fixedly connected with a first screw extended into the upper surface of the radiation plate; a support column fixed end fixed to the grid bar is provided at the lower end of the support column.

[0011] Furthermore, an axially protruding guide post fixing end is provided at the lower end of the guide post, the diameter of the guide post fixing end is smaller than the diameter of the guide post, and S of the M guide posts are fixed to the radiation plate by threaded connection between the guide post fixing end, where S=MN;

[0012] N first positioning holes are provided on the radiation plate; support column guide ends adapted to the first positioning holes are provided on the upper ends of the N support columns, the diameter of the support column guide ends is smaller than the diameter of the support column, and a first threaded hole adapted to the guide column fixed end is axially provided at the center of the support column guide end; the support column guide end extends into the first positioning hole, and the N guide column fixed ends extend into the first threaded hole and are fixedly connected to the support column; a support column fixed end fixed to the grid bar is provided at the lower end of the support column.

[0013] Furthermore, a second positioning hole is provided on the upper plate, and a guide column guide end adapted to the second positioning hole is provided on the upper end of the guide column, a second threaded hole is axially provided at the center of the guide column guide end, and the guide column guide end extends into the second positioning hole and is fixedly connected with a second screw extended into the upper surface of the upper plate.

[0014] Furthermore, the upper plate is provided with a through hole adapted to the transition pin, and the upper end of the transition pin is provided with a transition cone extending from the through hole to the upper plate; the lower end of the transition pin is provided with a transition pin fixed end, and the transition pin fixed end is provided with an external thread, which is fixed to the lower plate by a threaded connection.

[0015] Furthermore, the positioning pin includes a bolt and a sleeve mounted on the bolt, the upper end of the bolt is provided with a head groove, the head groove is located in the through hole, the lower end of the bolt is fixed to the lower plate by a threaded connection, and the sleeve is located between the upper plate and the lower plate and abuts against the lower surface of the upper plate and the upper surface of the lower plate.

[0016] Furthermore, the radiation plate is divided into multiple special-shaped plates on the plane, which is used to regionalize the multiple antenna points, thereby reducing the difficulty of product assembly; the grid adopts a strip structure, which is used to decompose the multiple TR component points, thereby reducing the difficulty of product assembly.

[0017] Furthermore, the guide column side wall, the support column side wall and the transition pin side wall are all provided with a screwing plane adapted to the wrench opening for facilitating installation and disassembly.

[0018] At the same time, the present invention provides a method for switching between a random density weighted array and a regular array. The method is special in that it uses the switching structure between the random density weighted array and the regular array, and includes the following steps:

[0019] Step (1), connecting the lower end of the support column and the grid bar;

[0020] Step (2), connecting one end of the RF coaxial cable assembly to the jack of the radiation plate;

[0021] Step (3), connecting the upper end of the support column to the radiation plate, and fixing the other end of the RF coaxial cable assembly to the grid bar;

[0022] Step (4), setting the grid bar on the upper surface of the lower plate, and at the same time, passing the end of the RF coaxial cable assembly fixed to the grid bar through the grid bar and connecting to the TR assembly point;

[0023] Step (5), connecting the upper surface of the lower plate and the lower end of the transition pin;

[0024] Step (6), connecting the radiation plate and the lower end of the guide column;

[0025] Step (7), sleeve the upper plate on the transition pin, then connect the upper end of the guide column and the upper plate, and at the same time, connect the RF coaxial cable assembly to the end of the jack on the radiation plate and connect it to the antenna point through the connector;

[0026] Step (8): remove the transition pin from the upper surface of the upper plate, and then set a positioning pin between the upper plate and the lower plate.

[0027] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0028] (1) The present invention discloses a switching structure for a random density weighted array and a regular array, comprising an upper plate, a radiation plate, a radio frequency coaxial cable assembly, grid bars and a lower plate, and a guide and positioning assembly arranged in sequence from top to bottom;

[0029] The upper plate, radiation plate, grid bar and lower plate adopt a four-layer plate structure design, which is not only easy to process, debug and install, but also improves product reliability;

[0030] The three-level guide structure of the guide and positioning assembly, consisting of guide posts between the upper and radiant panels, support posts between the radiant panels and the bars, and transition and positioning pins between the upper and lower panels, enables precise positioning of the panels, improving the positioning accuracy of the product components and ensuring that the product's performance requirements are met.

[0031] Based on a four-layer plate structure and a three-level guide structure, the present invention adopts a radio frequency coaxial cable assembly connection method to achieve interconnection between irregular and unequally spaced antenna points and regular and equally spaced TR assembly points, while improving the disadvantages of poor isolation and large insertion loss between each point, providing a guarantee for the performance improvement of the entire product, and providing new ideas and directions for the development of phased array radar interconnection technology.

[0032] (2) Based on the above-mentioned transition structure between the random density weighted array and the regular array, the present invention discloses a transition method between the random density weighted array and the regular array, which realizes the interconnection between the antenna point and the TR component point through the guide column, the transition pin and the support column, ensuring the isolation between each point, and after the RF coaxial cable component is connected, the positioning pin is used instead of the transition pin to increase the reliability of the connection between the upper plate and the lower plate. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0033] Figure 1 This is a structural diagram of an embodiment of a switching structure of a random density weighted array and a regular array according to the present invention;

[0034] Figure 2 Schematic diagram of the structure of the lower surface of the upper plate in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0035] Figure 3 This is a schematic structural diagram of a radiation plate in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0036] Figure 4 Schematic diagram of the structure of the grid bars in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0037] Figure 5 Schematic diagram of the structure of the lower surface of the lower plate in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0038] Figure 6 Schematic diagram of the structure of each group of TR component points in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0039] Figure 7 Schematic diagram of the structure of the guide column in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0040] Figure 8 Schematic diagram of the structure of the support column in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0041] Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of the structure after the transition pin is installed in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0042] Figure 10 Schematic diagram of the structure of the transition pin in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0043] Figure 11 This is a schematic diagram of the structure after the positioning pin is installed in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0044] Figure 12 This is a schematic structural diagram of a bolt in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0045] Figure 13 Schematic diagram of the structure of the sleeve in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0046] The description of the accompanying drawings is as follows: 1-upper plate, 11-through hole; 2-radiation plate, 21-special-shaped plate; 3-RF coaxial cable assembly; 4-grid; 5-lower plate, 51-TR assembly point; 6-guide positioning assembly, 61-guide column, 611-guide column guide end, 612-guide column fixed end, 613-second threaded hole, 62-support column, 621-support column guide end, 622-support column fixed end, 623-first threaded hole, 63-transition pin, 631-transition cone, 632-transition pin fixed end, 64-locating pin, 641-bolt, 6411-head groove, 642-sleeve; 7-connector. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0047] The present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and exemplary embodiments.

[0048] Reference Figures 1 to 5 A transition structure between a random density weighted array and a regular array includes a radio frequency coaxial cable component 3, a guide positioning component 6, and an upper plate 1, a radiation plate 2, a grid bar 4 and a lower plate 5 arranged in sequence from top to bottom.

[0049] The lower surface of the upper plate 1 is provided with multiple antenna points, and the multiple antenna points are irregular and unequally spaced structures, that is, a random density weighted array; the radiation plate 2 is divided into multiple special-shaped plates 21 on the plane, which are used to regionally decompose the multiple antenna points, thereby reducing the difficulty of product assembly; the grid bar 4 is fixed on the upper surface of the lower plate 5, which adopts a strip structure and is used to decompose multiple TR component points 51, thereby reducing the difficulty of product assembly; the lower surface of the lower plate 5 is provided with multiple TR component points 51, and the multiple TR component points 51 are divided into multiple groups, and each group of TR component points 51 is a regular equidistant structure, that is, a regular array, each group includes 16 TR component points 51, arranged in a 2*8 row and column matrix, and the spacing between adjacent rows is equal, such as Figure 6 As shown; one end of the RF coaxial cable assembly 3 is connected to the pair of jacks on the radiation plate 2 and is connected to the antenna point through the connector 7, and the other end passes through the grid bar 4 and is connected to the TR assembly point 51.

[0050] Reference Figures 7 to 13 The guiding and positioning assembly 6 includes M guide columns 61 for positioning the upper plate 1 and the radiation plate 2, N support columns 62 for positioning the radiation plate 2 and the grid bars 4, and four transition pins 63 and four positioning pins 64 for positioning the upper plate 11 and the lower plate 55, M>N.

[0051] A second positioning hole is provided on the upper plate 1, and an axially protruding guide column guide end 611 is provided at the upper end of the guide column 61. The guide column guide end 611 adopts a frustum structure, and a second threaded hole 613 is axially provided at the center of the guide column guide end 611. The guide column guide end 611 extends into the second positioning hole and is fixedly connected with a second screw extending into the upper surface of the upper plate 1; an axially protruding guide column fixed end 612 is provided at the lower end of the guide column 61 along the axial direction, and the diameter of the guide column fixed end 612 is smaller than the diameter of the guide column 61 and is provided with an external thread; S guide columns 61 are fixed to the radiation panel 2 by means of a threaded connection between the guide column guide ends 611, and the guide column guide ends 611 of the N guide columns 61 are fixed to the support column 62 by a threaded connection, where S=MN.

[0052] The radiation panel 2 is provided with N first positioning holes. The upper ends of the N support columns 62 are provided with support column guide ends 621 that adapt to the first positioning holes. The diameter of the support column guide ends 621 is smaller than that of the support columns 62. A first threaded hole 623 that adapts to the guide column fixed end 612 is axially provided at the center of the support column guide ends 621. The support column guide ends 621 extend into the first positioning holes, and the guide column fixed end 612 extends into the first threaded hole 623 to be fixedly connected to the support columns 62. The lower ends of the support columns 62 are provided with support column fixed ends 622. The support column fixed ends 622 are cylindrical with external threads and are fixed to the grid bars 4 using a threaded fit.

[0053] The side walls of the guide column 61 , the support column 62 and the transition pin 63 are all provided with screwing planes adapted to the wrench opening.

[0054] The transition pins 63 are used to temporarily position the upper plate 1 and the lower plate 5 when installing the components, and the positioning pins 64 are used to position the upper plate 1 and the lower plate 5 after the connection is completed.

[0055] Four through holes 11 are provided at the four corners of the upper plate 1 to match the transition pin 63. The upper end of the transition pin 63 is provided with a transition cone 631 extending from the through hole 11 to the upper plate 1; the lower end of the transition pin 63 is provided with a transition pin fixed end 632, which is a cylinder with an external thread, and the transition pin fixed end 632 is fixed to the lower plate 5 by a threaded connection.

[0056] The locating pin 64 includes a bolt 641 and a sleeve 642 mounted on the bolt 641. The upper end of the bolt 641 is provided with a head groove 6411 for easy screwing. The head groove 6411 is located in the through hole 11. The lower end of the bolt 641 is fixed to the lower plate 5 by a threaded connection. The sleeve 642 is located between the upper plate 1 and the lower plate 5 and abuts against the lower surface of the upper plate 1 and the upper surface of the lower plate 5.

[0057] Based on the above-mentioned switching structure of the random density weighted array and the regular array, the present invention provides a switching method of the random density weighted array and the regular array, comprising the following steps:

[0058] Step (1), connecting the support column fixed end 622 and the grid bar 4;

[0059] Step (2), connecting one end of the RF coaxial cable assembly 3 to the pair of jacks of the radiation plate 2;

[0060] Step (3), placing the radiation plate 2 on the upper portion of the support column 62, so that the support column guide end 621 extends into the first positioning hole, and at the same time, the other end of the RF coaxial cable assembly 3 is fixed to the grid bar 4;

[0061] Step (4), the grid bar 4 is set on the upper surface of the lower plate 5, and at the same time, the end of the RF coaxial cable assembly 3 fixed to the grid bar 4 passes through the grid bar 4 and is connected to the TR assembly point 51;

[0062] Step (5), connecting the upper surface of the lower plate 5 and the transition pin fixed end 632;

[0063] Step (6): The guide posts 61 are arranged on the upper surface of the radiation plate 2, so that N guide post fixing ends 612 extend into the first threaded holes 623 and are fixed to the support posts 62, and the remaining guide post fixing ends 612 are fixed to the radiation plate 2 by threaded connection;

[0064] Step (7), pass the transition pin 63 from bottom to top through the through hole 11, so that the upper plate 1 is sleeved on the transition pin 63, and set a second screw in the second positioning hole to connect the guide end 611 of the guide column and the upper plate 1. At the same time, the RF coaxial cable assembly 3 is connected to the end of the jack of the radiation plate 2 and connected to the antenna point through the connector 7;

[0065] Step (8): Pull out the transition pin 63 from the upper surface of the upper plate 1 through the through hole 11, then set the sleeve 642 between the upper plate 1 and the lower plate 5, and insert the bolt 641 from the upper surface of the upper plate 1 through the through hole 11, so that the sleeve 642 is sleeved on the bolt 641, and the head groove 6411 of the bolt 641 is located in the through hole 11, and the upper plate 1 and the lower plate 5 are connected through the head groove 6411.

[0066] The above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention, rather than to limit them. For ordinary professional and technical personnel in this field, the specific technical solutions recorded in the above embodiments can be modified, or some of the technical features therein can be replaced by equivalents. These modifications or replacements do not cause the essence of the corresponding technical solutions to deviate from the scope of the technical solutions protected by the present invention.

Claims

1. A switching structure between a random density weighted array and a regular array, characterized by: It comprises a radio frequency coaxial cable assembly (3), a guide and positioning assembly (6), and an upper plate (1), a radiation plate (2), grid bars (4) and a lower plate (5) arranged in sequence from top to bottom; The lower surface of the upper plate (1) is provided with a plurality of antenna points, and the plurality of antenna points are irregular and unequally spaced structures; the grid bars (4) are fixed on the upper surface of the lower plate (5); the lower surface of the lower plate (5) is provided with a plurality of TR component points (51), and the plurality of TR component points (51) are divided into a plurality of groups, and each group of TR component points (51) is a regular and equidistant structure; one end of the radio frequency coaxial cable assembly (3) is connected to the jack of the radiation plate (2) and is connected to the antenna point through the connector (7), and the other end passes through the grid bars (4) and is connected to the TR component point (51); The guide and positioning assembly (6) comprises M guide columns (61) for positioning the upper plate (1) and the radiation plate (2), N support columns (62) for positioning the radiation plate (2) and the grid bars (4), and a plurality of transition pins (63) and a plurality of positioning pins (64) for positioning the upper plate (1) and the lower plate (5), M>N; The transition pin (63) is used to temporarily position the upper plate (1) and the lower plate (5) when connecting the components, and the positioning pin (64) is used to position the upper plate (1) and the lower plate (5) after the connection is completed.

2. The switching structure of a random density weighted array and a regular array according to claim 1, characterized in that: The lower end of the guide column (61) is provided with an axially protruding guide column fixed end (612), and the diameter of the guide column fixed end (612) is smaller than the diameter of the guide column (61); the M guide column fixed ends (612) are all connected to the radiation plate (2) by threaded connection.

3. The switching structure of a random density weighted array and a regular array according to claim 2, characterized in that: N first positioning holes are provided on the radiation plate (2); the upper ends of the N support columns (62) are provided with support column guide ends (621) adapted to the first positioning holes; a first threaded hole (623) is provided in the center of the support column guide end (621) along the axial direction; the support column guide end (621) extends into the first positioning hole and is fixedly connected to the first screw extended into the upper surface of the radiation plate (2); the lower end of the support column (62) is provided with a support column fixed end (622) fixed to the grid bar (4).

4. The switching structure of a random density weighted array and a regular array according to claim 3, characterized in that: S of the M guide pillars (61) are fixed to the radiation plate (2) via a threaded connection between the guide pillar fixing end (612), where S=MN; The diameter of the support column guide end (621) is smaller than the diameter of the support column (62), and a first threaded hole (623) adapted to the guide column fixed end (612) is axially arranged at the center of the support column guide end (621); the support column guide end (621) extends into the first positioning hole, and N guide column fixed ends (612) extend into the first threaded hole (623) and are fixedly connected to the support column (62).

5. The switching structure of a random density weighted array and a regular array according to claim 3 or 4, characterized in that: A second positioning hole is provided on the upper plate (1), and a guide column guide end (611) adapted to the second positioning hole is provided at the upper end of the guide column (61), a second threaded hole (613) is provided in the center of the guide column guide end (611) along the axial direction, and the guide column guide end (611) extends into the second positioning hole and is fixedly connected to a second screw extended into the upper surface of the upper plate (1).

6. The switching structure of a random density weighted array and a regular array according to claim 5, characterized in that: The upper plate (1) is provided with a through hole (11) adapted to the transition pin (63), and the upper end of the transition pin (63) is provided with a transition cone (631) extending from the through hole (11) to the upper plate (1); the lower end of the transition pin (63) is provided with a transition pin fixed end (632), and the transition pin fixed end (632) is provided with an external thread and is fixed to the lower plate (5) by a threaded connection.

7. The switching structure of a random density weighted array and a regular array according to claim 6, characterized in that: The positioning pin (64) includes a bolt (641) and a sleeve (642) mounted on the bolt (641). The upper end of the bolt (641) is provided with a head groove (6411), and the head groove (6411) is located in the through hole (11). The lower end of the bolt (641) is fixed to the lower plate (5) by a threaded connection. The sleeve (642) is located between the upper plate (1) and the lower plate (5) and abuts against the lower surface of the upper plate (1) and the upper surface of the lower plate (5).

8. The switching structure of a random density weighted array and a regular array according to claim 7, characterized in that: The radiation plate (2) is divided into a plurality of special-shaped plates (21) on a plane, which are used to regionally decompose a plurality of antenna points, thereby reducing the difficulty of product assembly; the grid bar (4) adopts a strip structure, which is used to decompose a plurality of TR component points (51), thereby reducing the difficulty of product assembly.

9. The switching structure of a random density weighted array and a regular array according to claim 8, characterized in that: The side walls of the guide column (61), the support column (62) and the transition pin (63) are all provided with screwing planes adapted to the wrench opening.

10. A method for switching between a random density weighted array and a regular array, characterized in that: The switching structure of the random density weighted array and the regular array as claimed in claim 1 comprises the following steps: Step (1), connecting the lower end of the support column (62) and the grid bar (4); Step (2), connecting one end of the radio frequency coaxial cable assembly (3) to the jack of the radiation plate (2); Step (3), connecting the upper end of the support column (62) to the radiation plate (2), and fixing the other end of the radio frequency coaxial cable assembly (3) to the grid bar (4); Step (4), arranging the grid bar (4) on the upper surface of the lower plate (5), and simultaneously passing the end of the radio frequency coaxial cable assembly (3) fixed to the grid bar (4) through the grid bar (4) and connected to the TR assembly point (51); Step (5), connecting the upper surface of the lower plate (5) and the lower end of the transition pin (63); Step (6), connecting the radiation plate (2) and the lower end of the guide column (61); Step (7), sleeve the upper plate (1) on the transition pin (63), then connect the upper end of the guide column (61) and the upper plate (1), and at the same time, connect the RF coaxial cable assembly (3) to the end of the jack of the radiation plate (2) and connect it to the antenna point through the connector (7); Step (8): remove the transition pin (63) from the upper surface of the upper plate (1), and then set a positioning pin (64) between the upper plate (1) and the lower plate (5).

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