An enhanced method for isotopic cell transient output power

Abstract

The application discloses a kind of for isotopic battery instantaneous output power enhancement method, the peripheral auxiliary components and circuit of the battery include: auxiliary battery group, fast charging circuit, power detection circuit, power distribution circuit and load, the method includes the following steps: 1, auxiliary battery charging management, when load power is less than isotopic battery design output power, auxiliary battery group does not output power, and auxiliary battery group is charged by isotopic battery;2, auxiliary battery power output management, when load power is greater than isotopic battery design output power, charging loop is completely cut off, and auxiliary battery group assists isotopic battery to supplement output power.The application uses battery group as auxiliary power source, and then realizes intelligent control of auxiliary battery group charging power and auxiliary output power by power regulating circuit and fuzzy control algorithm.In the case where system power consumption is guaranteed, the maximum utilization of isotopic battery energy is realized, and the service life of the battery is prolonged.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of isotope power technology, and in particular to a method for enhancing the instantaneous output power of isotope batteries. Background Technology

[0002] An isotope battery is a device that converts the energy released by the spontaneous decay of a radioactive source into electrical energy. It typically consists of a radioactive source, an energy conversion unit, and other auxiliary components. Compared to chemical batteries, solar cells, and fuel cells, radioisotope batteries are less affected by environmental factors, have a longer operating life, higher specific energy, and smaller size, making them valuable in military defense, aerospace, and scientific research. To date, the most widely used radioisotope batteries are thermoelectric and photovoltaic effect types, with thermoelectric batteries, in particular, being widely applied in aerospace, deep-sea exploration, and scientific and medical applications.

[0003] After manufacturing, the total output power of an isotope battery is independent of the power supply load, depending only on the type and half-life of the nuclide used. Once the half-life is reached or exceeded, its output power becomes half of the original design power. Typically, for a regular battery, when the power output decreases to 64%, the output voltage or current will decrease to 80% of the initial value. In general power supply circuits, when the voltage drops to 80% of the initial value, the excessively low voltage cannot guarantee the normal operation of the components in the circuit, and the battery is considered to have reached the end of its lifespan. This is a huge waste for isotope batteries. Furthermore, in the design and selection of isotope batteries, the maximum load is usually prioritized to ensure the overall normal operation of the equipment. However, the equipment generally operates at a low power consumption state, which often leads to idle energy from the isotope battery, and is also very detrimental to the miniaturization design of isotope batteries.

[0004] The paper "Research and Development Prospects of Civil Isotope Batteries" mentions a working mode of a composite battery that can effectively extend the working time of mobile phone batteries. However, this mode uses a lithium battery as the main power source and an isotope battery as an auxiliary power source. The overall battery life depends on the lithium battery, and the auxiliary charging time is relatively long.

[0005] Chinese patent specification CN 111244992A discloses a hybrid energy storage unit, a cascaded converter system, and a charging control method thereof. The energy storage unit includes an energy storage battery module, a supercapacitor, a bidirectional DC-DC circuit, a first switch, and a second switch. Utilizing the characteristics of the supercapacitor and the energy storage battery module, the system's stable operation is ensured by controlling the electronic switch switching, reducing the number of times and duration of use of the energy storage battery module, and extending the service life of the entire energy storage system.

[0006] Chinese Patent Specification CN 110535155A discloses a hybrid energy storage control system and method for frequency regulation in thermal power combined with AGC. This method utilizes a flywheel energy storage control device and a battery energy storage control device to decouple the flywheel energy storage unit and the battery energy storage unit, thereby improving the overall system safety. By leveraging the advantages of the flywheel energy storage unit—fast charging and discharging response, long service life, and good safety—and the high energy density of the battery energy storage unit, it achieves the effects of improving the overall performance of AGC combined frequency regulation, extending the service life of the electrochemical battery, and improving the overall economic efficiency of the system. Summary of the Invention

[0007] This invention addresses some shortcomings in existing technologies by providing a method for enhancing the instantaneous output power of isotope batteries. An auxiliary battery pack is used to supplement the designed output power of the isotope battery, and a fuzzy control algorithm is employed to coordinate the charging power and auxiliary output power of the auxiliary battery pack. This method for enhancing the instantaneous output power of isotope heat source batteries not only effectively extends the lifespan of isotope batteries and improves their performance, but also provides significant guidance for the miniaturization and lightweight design of isotope batteries.

[0008] The present invention adopts the following technical solution:

[0009] A method for enhancing the instantaneous output power of an isotope battery includes the following steps:

[0010] Step 1: Auxiliary Battery Charging Management

[0011] When the load power is less than the designed output power of the isotope battery, the auxiliary battery pack does not output power to the outside, and the isotope battery is responsible for charging the auxiliary battery pack.

[0012] Step 2, Auxiliary Battery Power Output Management

[0013] When the load power exceeds the design output power of the isotope battery, the charging circuit is completely cut off, and the auxiliary battery pack assists the isotope battery in replenishing the output power.

[0014] Furthermore, the peripheral auxiliary components and circuits of the isotope battery include: an auxiliary battery pack, a fast charging circuit, a power detection circuit, a power distribution circuit, and a load. The isotope battery is directly connected to the fast charging circuit and the power detection circuit, and is responsible for the total power output. The power detection circuit is connected to the load and the power distribution circuit, and is responsible for detecting the power changes of the load and feeding the detection information back to the power distribution circuit. The output terminal of the fast charging circuit is connected to the power distribution circuit and the auxiliary battery pack, and is responsible for charging the auxiliary battery pack and is controlled by the power distribution circuit. The power distribution circuit performs overall scheduling of the fast charging circuit and the auxiliary battery pack according to the information fed back by the power detection circuit, and completes the charging of the auxiliary battery and the power supply to the load.

[0015] In one embodiment of the invention, the auxiliary battery pack consists of multiple rechargeable batteries with a capacity less than 50% of the design output power of the isotopic battery. Battery types include, but are not limited to, lithium batteries. The battery packs are connected in parallel or in series.

[0016] Furthermore, since the output power of the isotope battery is relatively constant while the load power changes in real time, the charging power of the auxiliary battery pack also needs to be adjusted according to the load power to ensure the normal operation of the load.

[0017] Furthermore, in step 1, the charging principle for the auxiliary battery pack is:

[0018] 1) If the ratio of current load power to isotope battery design output power is ≤95%, and the load power continues to rise, then the auxiliary battery pack is charged. As the difference between the load power and the isotope battery design output power decreases, the number of auxiliary battery packs connected to the charging circuit decreases.

[0019] 2) If the ratio of current load power to isotope battery design output power is ≤80%, and the load power continuously decreases, then the auxiliary battery pack is charged. As the difference between the load power and the isotope battery design output power gradually increases, the number of auxiliary battery packs connected to the charging circuit gradually increases.

[0020] In this invention, the ratio of current load power to isotope battery design output power refers to the value obtained by dividing the current load power by the isotope battery design output power.

[0021] In one embodiment of the present invention, if the ratio of current load power to isotope battery design output power is greater than 95%, the isotope battery charges the auxiliary battery pack or does not charge the auxiliary battery pack.

[0022] Furthermore, in step 1, the specific control algorithms are the PI algorithm and the PD algorithm, namely:

[0023]

[0024] in, This represents the change in load power between two adjacent time points. This is a proportionality coefficient, typically ranging from 0.9 to 1; This is the integral coefficient, which is usually related to the number of auxiliary battery packs. The differential coefficient typically depends on the rate of change of load power; when When it is negative, it represents the current increase in power that can be used to charge the battery pack; when... When it is positive, it indicates the current reduction in power available for charging the battery pack.

[0025] Furthermore, in step 2, the principle for the auxiliary battery pack's power supplement output is:

[0026] 1) If the current load power is greater than the design output power of the isotope battery, and the load power is continuously decreasing, the output power of the auxiliary battery pack will gradually decrease as the load power decreases.

[0027] 2) If the current load power is greater than the design output power of the isotope battery, and the load power continues to rise, the output power of the auxiliary battery pack will increase rapidly with the increase of the load power, ensuring that the increase in the output power of the auxiliary battery pack is more than five times the change in load power.

[0028] Furthermore, in step 2,

[0029] The specific control algorithms are the PI algorithm and the PD algorithm, namely:

[0030]

[0031] in, This represents the change in load power between two adjacent time points. This is a proportionality coefficient, typically ranging from 0.9 to 1; This is the integral coefficient, which is usually related to the number of auxiliary battery packs. The differential coefficient typically depends on the rate of change of load power; when When the value is negative, it indicates the current increase in the output power of the auxiliary battery pack; when... When it is positive, it indicates the current reduction in the output power of the auxiliary battery pack. Beneficial effects

[0032] This invention addresses the characteristics of isotope batteries by employing a battery pack as an auxiliary power source. A power regulation circuit and fuzzy control algorithm are used to intelligently control the charging power and auxiliary output power of the auxiliary battery pack. This maximizes the energy utilization of the isotope battery while ensuring system power consumption, extending battery life and providing insights for the miniaturization and lightweight design of post-isotope batteries. Attached Figure Description

[0033] Figure 1 Implementation principle block diagram;

[0034] Figure 2 Power distribution diagram. Detailed Implementation

[0035] The present invention will now be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments. However, the following embodiments are only for explaining the present invention, and the scope of protection of the present invention should include all the contents of the claims. Moreover, through the description of the following embodiments, those skilled in the art can fully implement all the contents of the claims of the present invention.

[0036] The method for enhancing the instantaneous output power of the isotope battery of the present invention is carried out according to the following steps:

[0037] The peripheral auxiliary components and circuits of the isotope battery include: an auxiliary battery pack, a fast charging circuit, a power detection circuit, a power distribution circuit, and a load. The isotope battery is directly connected to the fast charging circuit and the power detection circuit, responsible for the total power output. The power detection circuit is connected to the load and the power distribution circuit, responsible for detecting power changes in the load and feeding the detection information back to the power distribution circuit. The output of the fast charging circuit is connected to the power distribution circuit and the auxiliary battery pack, responsible for charging the auxiliary battery pack and controlled by the power distribution circuit. The power distribution circuit, based on the information fed back from the power detection circuit, performs overall scheduling of the fast charging circuit and the auxiliary battery pack to complete the charging of the auxiliary battery and the supply of power to the load. Figure 1 As shown. The auxiliary battery pack consists of n rechargeable batteries with a capacity less than 50% of the designed output power of the isotope battery. Battery types include, but are not limited to, lithium batteries. The battery packs are connected in parallel or series. The fast charging circuit adopts a high-voltage, low-current scheme, meaning the charging voltage is an integer multiple of the voltage of a single cell in the auxiliary battery pack. The charging current is related to the output current of the isotope battery, the minimum load current, and the number of auxiliary battery packs. The power detection circuit detects changes in the load current and feeds this information back to the power distribution circuit. The power distribution circuit uses the received feedback information and a fuzzy control algorithm to intelligently control the charging and output circuits of the auxiliary batteries. In actual operation, the control principle of the power distribution circuit is to prioritize output power.

[0038] Step 1: Auxiliary Battery Charging Management

[0039] When the load power is less than the designed output power of the isotope battery, the auxiliary battery pack does not output power; instead, the isotope battery charges the auxiliary battery pack. Figure 2 The charging process is divided into two time periods: t0 to t1 and t2 to t3. Since the isotope cell's output power is designed to be relatively constant, while the load power changes in real time, the charging power of the auxiliary battery pack also needs to be adjusted according to the load power, prioritizing the normal operation of the load. The charging principle for the auxiliary battery pack is:

[0040] 1) If the current load power is much lower than the design output power of the isotope battery, that is, the ratio of the current load power to the design output power of the isotope battery is ≤80%, and the load power is continuously decreasing, then the auxiliary battery pack is charged. As the difference between the load power and the design output power of the isotope battery gradually increases, the number of auxiliary battery packs connected to the charging circuit gradually increases.

[0041] 2) If the ratio of current load power to isotope battery design output power is ≤95%, and the load power continues to rise, then the auxiliary battery pack is charged. As the difference between the load power and the isotope battery design output power decreases, the number of auxiliary battery packs connected to the charging circuit decreases rapidly, ensuring that the reduction in charging power of the auxiliary battery pack is more than five times the change in load power.

[0042] Optionally, if the ratio of current load power to isotope battery design output power is greater than 95%, the isotope battery may charge the auxiliary battery pack or not.

[0043] Optionally, if the current load power and the isotope battery design output power are very close, i.e., the difference between the load power and the isotope battery design output power is within 2% of the isotope battery design output power, then the charging circuit of the auxiliary battery pack is completely cut off, the output circuit of the auxiliary battery pack is started, and the operation of the load is guaranteed.

[0044] The specific control algorithms are the PI algorithm and the PD algorithm, namely:

[0045]

[0046] in, This represents the change in load power between two adjacent time points. This is a proportionality coefficient, typically ranging from 0.9 to 1; This is the integral coefficient, which is usually related to the number of auxiliary battery packs. This is the differential coefficient, which typically depends on the rate of change of the load power. When When it is negative, it represents the current increase in power that can be used to charge the battery pack; when... When it is positive, it indicates the current reduction in power available for charging the battery pack.

[0047] Step 2, Auxiliary Battery Power Output Management

[0048] When the load power exceeds the design output power of the isotope battery, the charging circuit is completely disconnected, and the auxiliary battery pack assists the isotope battery in replenishing the output power, such as... Figure 2The process is divided into two time periods: t1–t2 and t3–t4. As mentioned earlier, the isotope cell is designed with a relatively constant output power, while the load power changes in real time. The output power of the auxiliary battery pack is adjusted according to the load power, prioritizing the normal operation of the load. The principle of the auxiliary battery pack's power supplement output is:

[0049] 1) If the current load power is greater than the design output power of the isotope battery, and the load power is continuously decreasing, the output power of the auxiliary battery pack will gradually decrease as the load power decreases.

[0050] 2) If the current load power is greater than the design output power of the isotope battery, and the load power continues to rise, the output power of the auxiliary battery pack will increase rapidly with the increase of the load power, ensuring that the increase in the output power of the auxiliary battery pack is more than five times the change in load power.

[0051] The specific control algorithms are the PI algorithm and the PD algorithm, namely:

[0052]

[0053] in, This represents the change in load power between two adjacent time points. The proportionality coefficient typically ranges from 0.9 to 1. This is the integral coefficient, which is usually related to the number of auxiliary battery packs. This is the differential coefficient, which typically depends on the rate of change of the load power. When When the value is negative, it indicates the current increase in the output power of the auxiliary battery pack; when... When it is positive, it indicates the current reduction in the output power of the auxiliary battery pack.

[0054] Example 1

[0055] With a certain 90 Taking an Sr-source isotope battery as an example, the initial output power is designed to be 10 W, and the initial output voltage is 50 V, for use in deep-sea equipment instruments with pulse discharge. The load's duty cycle is 1.28 s. Each ping command requires a pulse current of approximately 300 mA, a pulse voltage of approximately 47 V, and a pulse width of 0.32 s. After transmission, the pulse current is approximately 7 mA, and the pulse voltage is approximately 49.80 V. That is, the load's instantaneous maximum power is 15 W, and the minimum power is 0.35 W. The auxiliary battery pack is designed to consist of 20 lithium batteries, each 0.2 Ah and with a voltage of 3 V. The control algorithm... It is 0.95. It is 0.05. The value is 1, and the power sampling time is 1ms.

[0056] The parts of this invention not described in detail are well-known to those skilled in the art. The embodiments described above are merely preferred embodiments of the invention, and do not exhaustively describe all details, nor do they limit the invention to the specific implementations described. Various modifications and improvements to the technical solutions of this invention made by those skilled in the art without departing from the spirit of the invention should fall within the protection scope defined by the claims of this invention.

Claims

1. An enhancement method for isotopic cell transient output power, characterized in that, Comprising the following steps: Step 1, auxiliary battery charging management When the load power is less than the designed output power of the isotope battery, the auxiliary battery pack does not output power, and the isotope battery is responsible for charging the auxiliary battery pack; Step 2, auxiliary battery power output management When the load power is greater than the designed output power of the isotope battery, the charging circuit is completely cut off, and the auxiliary battery pack assists the isotope battery to supplement the output power; In step 1, the charging principle of the auxiliary battery pack is: 1) If the ratio of the current load power to the designed output power of the isotope battery is less than or equal to 95%, and the load power continues to rise, then the auxiliary battery pack is charged, and as the difference between the load power and the designed output power of the isotope battery decreases, the number of auxiliary battery packs connected to the charging circuit decreases, ensuring that the reduction in charging power of the auxiliary battery pack is more than five times the change in load power. 2) If the ratio of the current load power to the designed output power of the isotope battery is less than or equal to 80%, and the load power continues to decrease, then the auxiliary battery pack is charged, and as the difference between the load power and the designed output power of the isotope battery gradually increases, the number of auxiliary battery packs connected to the charging circuit gradually increases. In step 1, the specific control algorithm is PI algorithm and PD algorithm, that is: ； wherein, is the change in load power between two adjacent time points, is a proportional coefficient, taking a value between 0.9 and 1 ; is an integral coefficient, related to the number of auxiliary battery packs; is a differential coefficient, depending on the rate of change of load power; when is negative, it indicates the current increase in power available for battery pack charging; when is positive, it indicates the current decrease in power available for battery pack charging.

2. The method of claim 1, wherein, The peripheral auxiliary components and circuits of the isotope battery include: auxiliary battery pack, fast charging circuit, power detection circuit, power distribution circuit and load, the isotope battery is directly connected with the fast charging circuit and the power detection circuit, responsible for the total power output; the power detection circuit is connected to the load and the power distribution circuit, responsible for detecting the power change of the load, and feeding back the detection information to the power distribution circuit; the output end of the fast charging circuit is connected with the power distribution circuit and the auxiliary battery pack, responsible for charging the auxiliary battery pack, and controlled by the power distribution circuit; the power distribution circuit adjusts the overall scheduling of the fast charging circuit and the auxiliary battery pack according to the information fed back by the power detection circuit, completes the charging of the auxiliary battery and supplies power to the load.

3. The method of claim 1, wherein, Since the designed output power of the isotope battery is relatively constant, and the load power changes in real time, the charging power of the auxiliary battery pack also needs to be adjusted with the load power, to prioritize the normal operation of the load.

4. The method of claim 1, wherein, In step 2, the power supplement output principle of the auxiliary battery pack is: 1) If the current load power is greater than the designed output power of the isotope battery, and the load power continues to decrease, then the output power of the auxiliary battery pack gradually decreases as the load power decreases; 2) If the current load power is greater than the designed output power of the isotope battery, and the load power continues to rise, then the output power of the auxiliary battery pack increases as the load power rises, ensuring that the increase in output power of the auxiliary battery pack is more than five times the change in load power.

5. The method of claim 4, wherein, In step 2, The specific control algorithm is PI algorithm and PD algorithm, that is: ； wherein, is the change of load power between two adjacent time points, is a proportional coefficient, taking a value between 0.9 and 1; is an integral coefficient, related to the number of auxiliary battery packs; is a differential coefficient, depending on the rate of change of load power; when is negative, it indicates the current increased output power of the auxiliary battery pack; when is positive, it indicates the current reduced output power of the auxiliary battery pack.

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