A testing method for colored photovoltaic modules

Abstract

This invention belongs to the field of photovoltaic module technology, specifically relating to a method for testing colored photovoltaic modules. In this technical solution, the inventor analyzes and processes a colored pattern printed on a solar photovoltaic module using image processing software to obtain the amount of ink used for each color in the pattern; measures the light transmittance of each color in the pattern using a lux meter; and tests the power generation of the solar cells using a solar cell module tester. Then, combining this with formulas derived from years of experience, the inventor calculates the power generation of the colored photovoltaic module, thereby predicting whether a hot spot effect will occur when the colored pattern is applied to a solar photovoltaic module. If a hot spot effect occurs, the colors and the amount of ink used in the pattern are adjusted; if no hot spot effect occurs, the pattern can be applied to the solar photovoltaic module without producing a hot spot effect.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of photovoltaic module technology, and specifically relates to a method for testing colored photovoltaic modules. Background Technology

[0002] Solar photovoltaic (PV) modules generally consist of an encapsulation plate, encapsulating hot melt adhesive, solar cells, adhesive, and a base plate. With the development of technology and the economy, colored solar PV modules have gradually come into view. Colored PV modules are commonly used in shopping malls, exhibition halls, and other places, enhancing the aesthetics of the environment while utilizing the electricity generated, thus saving energy. The colored patterns of PV modules are usually printed on the encapsulation plate or solar cells to form the colored PV module. However, due to inconsistent color depth in the patterns, a shading effect can occur in series-connected PV modules. The shaded PV modules will act as a load, consuming the energy generated by other illuminated PV modules, causing them to heat up—this is the hot spot effect. This hot spot effect can severely impair the power generation efficiency of solar cells. Current technologies generally use illuminance meter testing and fully automated solar PV module defect detection (EL) methods to test colored PV modules for the hot spot effect to prevent the occurrence of the hot spot effect. The illuminance meter test method simply measures the luminous flux of sunlight passing through a color-printed panel on each wafer, and then uses this luminous flux to measure the power generation efficiency of the photovoltaic module, thereby inferring whether a hot spot effect might occur. This method has low accuracy. Using EL (electroluminescence) to test for hot spot effects in color photovoltaic modules is not only expensive, but also involves complex steps and a long testing cycle, significantly reducing the testing efficiency of color photovoltaic modules. Summary of the Invention

[0003] To address the aforementioned technical problems, the first aspect of this invention provides a method for detecting color photovoltaic modules, comprising at least the following steps:

[0004] (1) Print the colored pattern to be printed on the photovoltaic module onto a transparent plate, wherein the photovoltaic module includes n solar cells, where n≥1;

[0005] (2) The color pattern printed on the transparent plate is analyzed and processed by image processing software to obtain the amount of ink used for each color in the color pattern;

[0006] (3) The transmittance of each color in the colored pattern was tested using an illuminometer;

[0007] (4) Test the power generation of each solar cell in the photovoltaic module and record it as PW;

[0008] (5) Calculate the power generation efficiency of each solar cell in the colored photovoltaic module using the formula CW=PW*[1-(sum of the shading rates Z of each color)], where CW is the power generation of each solar cell in the colored photovoltaic module, the shading rate Z=[(amount of ink of color A / area)*transmittance of color A]*100%, where color A represents any color in the colored pattern, and the area is the area of ​​the solar cell where the ink of color A is located;

[0009] (6) When the power difference of a single solar cell in a colored photovoltaic module is ≤5%, it is considered that the colored photovoltaic module will not produce hot spot effect. The power difference of a single solar cell is: [(maximum power generation of a single solar cell - minimum power generation of a single solar cell) / maximum power generation of a single solar cell] * 100%.

[0010] Preferably, the transparent sheet is selected from one of glass, acrylic, polypropylene, polystyrene and polycarbonate.

[0011] Preferably, the transparent sheet is an acrylic sheet.

[0012] Preferably, the transparent sheet material is a glass sheet.

[0013] Preferably, the image processing software is selected from at least one of Photoshop, Inkscape, Image Manipulation Program, Krita, Canva, Pixlr, Krita, Paint.Net, Seashore, and SumoPaint.

[0014] Preferably, the image processing software is Photoshop.

[0015] Preferably, the transmittance is obtained by testing when the luminous flux of the light source is 800-1000 lumens.

[0016] Preferably, the transmittance is obtained by testing when the luminous flux of the light source is 1000 lumens.

[0017] Preferably, the transmittance is obtained by testing when the luminous flux of the light source is 900 lumens.

[0018] Preferably, the power generation of each solar cell is obtained by testing with a solar cell module tester.

[0019] Beneficial Effects: In this technical solution, the inventors analyze and process the colored patterns printed on solar photovoltaic modules using image processing software to obtain the amount of ink used for each color in the pattern, measure the light transmittance of each color in the pattern using a lux meter, and test the power generation of the solar cells using a solar cell module tester. Combined with formulas derived from years of experience, the inventors calculate the power generation of the colored photovoltaic module, thereby predicting whether a hot spot effect will occur when the colored pattern is applied to a solar photovoltaic module. If a hot spot effect occurs, the colors and ink amounts of the pattern are adjusted; if no hot spot effect occurs, the pattern can be applied to the solar photovoltaic module without producing a hot spot effect. The testing method in this technical solution is simple and efficient, effectively predicting whether the printed pattern will produce a hot spot effect. Furthermore, the inventors can establish a database of tested patterns to achieve the optimal color matching for different colored pattern designs. Attached Figure Description

[0020] Figure 1 The colored pattern is shown in the photovoltaic module of Example 1.

[0021] Figure 2 The colored pattern is shown in the photovoltaic module of Example 2. Detailed Implementation

[0022] For the purposes of the detailed description below, it should be understood that the invention may take various alternative variations and sequences of steps unless expressly stated otherwise. Furthermore, except in any operational instance, or otherwise indicated, all figures representing the amounts of ingredients used, for example, in the specification and claims, should be understood to be modified in all cases by the term “about.” Therefore, unless indicated to the contrary, the numerical parameters set forth in the following specification and appended claims are approximations varying with the desired performance to be obtained according to the invention. It is not at all an attempt to limit the application of the doctrine of equivalents to the scope of the claims; each numerical parameter should be interpreted at least according to the number of significant figures reported and by applying ordinary rounding techniques.

[0023] Although the numerical ranges and parameters illustrating the broad scope of the invention are approximate, the values ​​listed in the specific examples are reported as precisely as possible. However, any numerical value inherently contains some error that is necessarily caused by the standard deviation found in their respective test measurements.

[0024] When a numerical range is disclosed herein, the range is considered continuous and includes the minimum and maximum values ​​of the range, as well as every value between the minimum and maximum values. Furthermore, when the range refers to an integer, it includes every integer between the minimum and maximum values ​​of the range. Additionally, when multiple ranges are provided to describe a feature or characteristic, the ranges may be combined. In other words, unless otherwise specified, all ranges disclosed herein should be understood to include any and all subranges to which they are included. For example, a specified range from “1 to 10” should be considered to include any and all subranges between the minimum value 1 and the maximum value 10. Exemplary subranges of the range 1 to 10 include, but are not limited to, 1 to 6.1, 3.5 to 7.8, 5.5 to 10, etc.

[0025] To address the aforementioned technical problems, a first aspect of the present invention provides a method for detecting color photovoltaic modules, comprising at least the following steps:

[0026] (1) Print the colored pattern to be printed on the photovoltaic module onto a transparent plate, wherein the photovoltaic module includes n solar cells, where n≥1;

[0027] (2) The color pattern printed on the transparent plate is analyzed and processed by image processing software to obtain the amount of ink used for each color in the color pattern;

[0028] (3) The transmittance of each color in the colored pattern was tested using an illuminometer;

[0029] (4) Test the power generation of each solar cell in the photovoltaic module and record it as PW;

[0030] (5) Calculate the power generation efficiency of each solar cell in the colored photovoltaic module using the formula CW=PW*[1-(sum of the shading rates Z of each color)], where CW is the power generation of each solar cell in the colored photovoltaic module, the shading rate Z=[(amount of ink of color A / area)*transmittance of color A]*100%, where color A represents any color in the colored pattern, and the area is the area of ​​the solar cell where the ink of color A is located;

[0031] (6) When the power difference of a single solar cell in a colored photovoltaic module is ≤5%, it is considered that the colored photovoltaic module will not produce hot spot effect. The power difference of a single solar cell is: [(maximum power generation of a single solar cell - minimum power generation of a single solar cell) / maximum power generation of a single solar cell] * 100%.

[0032] The unit for the amount of ink used for each color is ml, the unit for the power generation of each solar cell is W, and the unit for the total area of ​​the solar cells is m². 2The transmittance is the ratio of the illuminance of the printed patterned transparent sheet to the illuminance of the light source.

[0033] In this technical solution, the inventors analyze and process the colored patterns printed on solar photovoltaic modules using image processing software to obtain the amount of ink used for each color in the pattern, measure the light transmittance of each color in the pattern using a lux meter, and test the power generation of the solar cells using a solar cell module tester. Combining this with formulas derived from years of experience, the inventors calculate the power generation of the colored photovoltaic module, thereby predicting whether the application of the colored pattern to the solar photovoltaic module will produce a hot spot effect. If a hot spot effect occurs, the colors and ink amounts of the pattern are adjusted; if no hot spot effect occurs, the pattern can be applied to the solar photovoltaic module without producing a hot spot effect. The testing method in this technical solution is simple, efficient, and can effectively predict whether the printed pattern will produce a hot spot effect. Furthermore, the inventors can establish a database of tested patterns to achieve the optimal color matching for different colored pattern designs.

[0034] As a preferred technical solution, the transparent sheet is selected from one of glass sheet, acrylic sheet, polypropylene sheet, polystyrene sheet and polycarbonate sheet.

[0035] As a preferred technical solution, the transparent sheet is an acrylic sheet.

[0036] As a preferred technical solution, the transparent sheet material is a glass sheet.

[0037] The inventors printed colored patterns onto transparent boards and tested the light transmittance of the colored patterns. This minimized the impact of the attached board on the light transmittance of the colored patterns and ensured the accuracy of the light transmittance test to the greatest extent.

[0038] As a preferred technical solution, the image processing software is selected from at least one of Photoshop, Inkscape, ImageManipulation Program, Krita, Canva, Pixlr, Krita, Paint.Net, Seashore, and SumoPaint.

[0039] As a preferred technical solution, the image processing software is Photoshop.

[0040] As a preferred technical solution, the transmittance is obtained by testing when the luminous flux of the light source is 800-1000 lumens.

[0041] As a preferred technical solution, the transmittance is obtained by testing when the luminous flux of the light source is 1000 lumens.

[0042] As a preferred technical solution, the transmittance is obtained by testing when the luminous flux of the light source is 900 lumens.

[0043] As a preferred technical solution, the power generation of each solar cell is obtained by testing with a solar cell module tester.

[0044] In addition, unless otherwise stated, all raw materials used are commercially available.

[0045] Example

[0046] Example 1

[0047] The first aspect of this embodiment provides a method for testing colored photovoltaic modules, including the following steps:

[0048] (1) As Figure 1 As shown, Figure 1 For the colored pattern that needs to be printed on the photovoltaic module, wherein the photovoltaic module in this embodiment has one cell, Figure 1 Printed on a transparent acrylic sheet, the photovoltaic module includes one solar cell;

[0049] (2) Using Photoshop image processing software, the image printed on the transparent acrylic sheet was processed. Figure 1 After analysis and processing, the following results were obtained: Figure 1 The amount of ink used for each color is as follows: 0.0512 ml for cyan, 0.0512 ml for magenta, 0.0512 ml for yellow, 0.0512 ml for black, and 0.0512 ml for white.

[0050] (3) When the luminous flux of the light source is 1000 lumens, the illuminance is measured by an illuminance meter. Figure 1 The illuminance of each color is calculated, and the ratio of the illuminance of each color to the illuminance of the light source is calculated to obtain the transmittance. Among them, the transmittance of cyan is 95%, magenta is 95%, yellow is 95%, black is 30%, and white is 90%.

[0051] (4) Test using a solar cell module tester. Figure 1 The power generation of the solar cells in the photovoltaic module to be printed is recorded as PW, where PW is 4.5W;

[0052] (5) CW represents the power generation of the colored photovoltaic module, and the area of ​​the solar cell is 0.024336m². 2 Using the formula:

[0053] CW=PW*{1-[(0.0512 / 0.024336)*95%+(0.0512 / 0.024336)*95%+(0.051 2 / 0.024336)*95%+(0.0512 / 0.024336)*30%+(0.0512 / 0.024336)*90%]}

[0054] =4.117W;

[0055] (6) Figure 1 The colored pattern is printed on the photovoltaic module to form a colored photovoltaic module. The power generation of the colored photovoltaic module is tested using a solar cell module tester. The test value is 4.23W. The power generation calculated using the formula is 4.117W, with an error rate of 2.67%. The error rate is calculated as [(4.23-4.117) / 4.23]*100%, which shows that the calculation accuracy using this formula is relatively high.

[0056] Example 2

[0057] The first aspect of this embodiment provides a method for testing colored photovoltaic modules, including the following steps:

[0058] (1) As Figure 2 As shown, Figure 2 For the colored patterns that need to be printed on photovoltaic modules, Figure 2 Printed on a transparent acrylic sheet, the photovoltaic module includes 12 solar cells;

[0059] (2) Using Photoshop image processing software, the image printed on the transparent acrylic sheet was processed. Figure 2 After analysis and processing, the following results were obtained: Figure 2The amount of ink used for each color in the 12 solar cells is as follows: In the first solar cell, the amount of cyan ink is 0.0617 ml, magenta ink is 0.0595 ml, yellow ink is 0.062 ml, black ink is 0.0975 ml, and white ink is 0.086 ml. In the second solar cell, the amount of cyan ink is 0.0667 ml, magenta ink is 0.0612 ml, yellow ink is 0.058 ml, black ink is 0.0612 ml, and white ink is 0.094 ml. In the third solar cell, the amount of cyan ink is 0.0755 ml, magenta ink is 0.0665 ml, and yellow ink is 0. The ink volume is 0.0573ml, with 0.0998ml of black ink and 0.096ml of white ink. Specifically, the 4th solar cell contains 0.0722ml of cyan ink, 0.0654ml of magenta ink, 0.0666ml of yellow ink, 0.0672ml of black ink, and 0.0766ml of white ink. The 5th solar cell contains 0.078ml of cyan ink, 0.069ml of magenta ink, 0.0588ml of yellow ink, 0.0589ml of black ink, and 0.0934ml of white ink. The 6th solar cell contains 0.0745ml of cyan ink and 0.0773ml of magenta ink. The ink volume is 0.0649ml, with yellow ink at 0.0598ml, black ink at 0.0647ml, and white ink at 0.0935ml. Specifically, the 7th solar cell contains 0.072ml cyan ink, 0.0691ml magenta ink, 0.0589ml yellow ink, 0.0993ml black ink, and 0.0913ml white ink. The 8th solar cell contains 0.07599ml cyan ink, 0.0657ml magenta ink, 0.0662ml yellow ink, 0.0605ml black ink, and 0.0969ml white ink. The 9th solar cell contains... The ink volume is 0.0622ml, magenta ink volume is 0.0644ml, yellow ink volume is 0.0639ml, black ink volume is 0.0791ml, and white ink volume is 0.06783ml. Specifically, in the 10th solar cell, the ink volume is 0.0636ml for cyan, 0.0693ml for magenta, 0.0627ml for yellow, 0.073ml for black, and 0.0694ml for white. In the 11th solar cell, the ink volume is 0.0664ml for cyan, 0.0639ml for magenta, 0.0588ml for yellow, 0.0973ml for black, and 0.06783ml for white.0.899ml, of which the 12th solar cell contains 0.064ml of cyan ink, 0.0592ml of magenta ink, 0.0608ml of yellow ink, 0.079ml of black ink, and 0.0988ml of white ink.

[0060] (3) When the luminous flux of the light source is 1000 lumens, the illuminance is measured by an illuminance meter. Figure 2 The illuminance of each color is calculated, and the ratio of the illuminance of each color to the illuminance of the light source is calculated to obtain the transmittance. Among them, the transmittance of cyan is 95%, magenta is 95%, yellow is 95%, black is 30%, and white is 90%.

[0061] (4) Test using a solar cell module tester. Figure 2 The photovoltaic modules to be printed contain solar cells with a power output of PW each, of which the power output of each solar cell is 4.5W.

[0062] (5) CW represents the power output of each solar cell in the colored photovoltaic module, and the area of ​​each solar cell is 0.024336 m². 2 Using the formula: Calculated

[0063] CW1=3.98097W, CW2=3.98305W, CW3=3.93477W, CW4=3.97653W, CW5=3.95036W, CW6=3.95857W, C W7=3.94164W, CW8=3.93999W, CW9=4.00859W, CW10=4.00041W, CW11=3.96423W, CW11=3.96853W.

[0064] (6) Power difference of a single solar cell = [(4.00859-3.93477) / 4.00859]*100% = 1.8%, power difference of a single solar cell ≤ 5%, when Figure 2 When printed on photovoltaic modules, colored photovoltaic modules do not produce hot spot effects.

[0065] The above description is merely a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the invention in any other way. Any person skilled in the art may make changes or equivalent modifications to the above-disclosed technical content. However, any simple modifications, equivalent changes, and alterations made to the above embodiments based on the technical essence of the present invention without departing from the scope of the present invention shall still fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for testing colored photovoltaic modules, characterized in that, At least the following steps are included: (1) Print the colored pattern to be printed on the photovoltaic module onto a transparent plate, wherein the photovoltaic module includes n solar cells, where n≥1; (2) The color pattern printed on the transparent plate is analyzed and processed by image processing software to obtain the amount of ink used for each color in the color pattern; (3) Test the transmittance of each color in the colored pattern using a lux meter; (4) Test the power generation of each solar cell in the photovoltaic module and record it as PW; (5) Calculate the power generation efficiency of each solar cell in the colored photovoltaic module using the formula CW=PW*[1-(sum of the shading rates Z of each color)], where CW is the power generation of each solar cell in the colored photovoltaic module, the shading rate Z=[(amount of ink of color A / area)*transmittance of color A]*100%, where color A represents any color in the colored pattern, and the area is the area of ​​the solar cell where the ink of color A is located; (6) When the power difference of a single solar cell in a colored photovoltaic module is ≤5%, it is considered that the colored photovoltaic module will not produce hot spot effect. The power difference of a single solar cell is = [(maximum power generation of a single solar cell - minimum power generation of a single solar cell) / maximum power generation of a single solar cell] * 100%.

2. The method for testing colored photovoltaic modules according to claim 1, characterized in that, The transparent sheet material is selected from one of the following: glass sheet, acrylic sheet, polypropylene sheet, polystyrene sheet, and polycarbonate sheet.

3. The method for testing colored photovoltaic modules according to claim 2, characterized in that, The transparent sheet material is an acrylic sheet.

4. The method for testing colored photovoltaic modules according to claim 2, characterized in that, The transparent sheet material is a glass plate.

5. The method for testing colored photovoltaic modules according to claim 1, characterized in that, The image processing software is selected from at least one of Photoshop, Inkscape, Image Manipulation Program, Krita, Canva, Pixlr, Krita, Paint.Net, Seashore, and SumoPaint.

6. The method for testing colored photovoltaic modules according to claim 1, characterized in that, The image processing software is Photoshop.

7. The method for testing colored photovoltaic modules according to claim 1, characterized in that, The transmittance was measured when the luminous flux of the light source was 800-1000 lumens.

8. The method for testing colored photovoltaic modules according to claim 7, characterized in that, The transmittance was measured when the luminous flux of the light source was 1000 lumens.

9. The method for testing colored photovoltaic modules according to claim 7, characterized in that, The transmittance was measured when the luminous flux of the light source was 900 lumens.

10. The method for testing colored photovoltaic modules according to claim 9, characterized in that, The power generation of each solar cell in step (4) is obtained by testing with a solar cell module tester.

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