Device and method for wireless communication

Abstract

A first transceiver for a wireless communication system according to an embodiment is provided. The first transceiver determines information about the occupancy of a transmission channel. In addition, the first transceiver sends the information about the occupancy of the transmission channel to a second transceiver. In addition, the first transceiver determines the information about the occupancy of the transmission channel and sends the information about the occupancy of the transmission channel to the second transceiver without receiving a ready-to-send message from the second transceiver, the ready-to-send message being a message that the second transceiver will use to notify the first transceiver that the second transceiver intends to send user data to the first transceiver.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present application relates to the field of wireless communication systems or networks, and more specifically to the enhancement or improvement of communications among entities of a wireless communication network. Embodiments relate to the enhancement or improvement of beam management for NR-U (New Radio in Unlicensed Spectrum) and wireless LAN IEEE802.11. Background Art

[0002] FIG. 1( a) and FIG. 1( b) are schematic diagrams of an example of a terrestrial wireless network 100. As shown in FIG. 1( a), the terrestrial wireless network 100 includes a core network 102 and one or more radio access networks RAN1, RAN2, ...RAN N Figure 1(b) shows the radio access network RAN n A schematic diagram of an example of a radio access network RAN n One or more base stations gNB1 to gNB5 may be included, each serving a specific area around the base station schematically represented by the corresponding cells 1061 to 1065. Base stations are provided to serve users within the cell. One or more base stations can provide services for users in licensed and / or unlicensed bands. The term base station BS refers to a gNB in ​​a 5G network, an eNB in ​​UMTS / LTE / LTE-A / LTE-A Pro, or only a BS in other mobile communication standards, such as an access point (AP). A user may be a fixed device or a mobile device or a user equipment (UE) or a station (STA). The wireless communication system can also be accessed by a mobile or fixed IoT device connected to a base station or a user. Mobile devices or IoT devices may include physical devices, ground-based vehicles such as robots or cars, aircraft such as manned or unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) (the latter also known as drones), buildings, and other items or devices embedded with electronic devices, software, sensors, actuators, etc., as well as network connectivity that enables these devices to collect and exchange data across existing network infrastructure.

[0003] Figure 1(b) shows an example diagram of five cells. However, RAN n More or fewer such cells may be included, and the RAN nIt is also possible to include only one base station. Figure 1(b) shows two users UE1 and UE2, also referred to as user equipment UE, in cell 1062 and served by base station gNB2. Another user UE3 is shown in cell 1064 served by base station gNB4. Arrows 1081, 1082 and 1083 schematically represent uplink / downlink connections for sending data from users UE1, UE2 and UE3 to base stations gNB2, gNB4 or for sending data from base stations gNB2, gNB4 to users UE1, UE2, UE3. This can be implemented in a licensed band or an unlicensed band. In addition, Figure 1(b) shows two IoT devices 1101 and 1102 in cell 1064, which can be fixed or mobile devices. IoT device 1102 accesses the wireless communication system via base station gNB4 to receive and send data, as schematically represented by arrow 1121. As schematically represented by arrow 1122, IoT device 1102 accesses the wireless communication system via user UE3. The corresponding base stations gNB1 to gNB5 can be connected to the core network 102 via corresponding backhaul links 1141 to 1145, for example, via the S1 interface, and the backhaul links 1141 to 1145 are schematically represented by arrows pointing to "core" in Figure 1(b). The core network 102 can be connected to one or more external networks. In addition, some or all of the corresponding base stations gNB1 to gNB5 can be connected to each other via corresponding backhaul links 1161 to 1165, for example, via the S1 or X2 interface or XN interface in NR, which are schematically represented by arrows pointing to "gNB" in Figure 1(b).

[0004] For data transmission, a physical resource grid may be used. The physical resource grid may include resource element sets to which various physical channels and physical signals are mapped. For example, a physical channel may include a physical downlink carrying user-specific data (also referred to as downlink, uplink, and sidelink payload data), an uplink and sidelink shared channel (PDSCH, PUSCH, PSSCH), a physical broadcast channel (PBCH) carrying, for example, a master information block (MIB) and a system information block (SIB), a physical downlink carrying, for example, downlink control information (DCI), an uplink and sidelink control channel (PDCCH, PUCCH, PSCCH), uplink control information (UCI), and sidelink control information (SCI). For the uplink, once the UE is synchronized and obtains the MIB and SIB, the physical channel may further include a physical random access channel (PRACH or RACH) used by the UE to access the network. Physical signals may include reference signals or symbols (RS), synchronization signals, etc. The resource grid may include frames or radio frames having a certain duration in the time domain and a given bandwidth in the frequency domain. The frame may have a certain number of subframes of a predetermined length, such as 1 ms. Each subframe may include one or more slots of 12 or 14 OFDM symbols, depending on the cyclic prefix (CP) length. A frame may also consist of a smaller number of OFDM symbols, for example, when utilizing a shortened transmission time interval (sTTI) or a microslot / non-slot based frame structure that includes only a few OFDM symbols.

[0005] The wireless communication system may be any single tone or multi-carrier system using frequency division multiplexing, such as an orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM) system, an orthogonal frequency division multiple access (OFDMA) system, or any other IFFT-based signal with or without CP, such as DFT-s-OFDM. Other waveforms may be used, such as non-orthogonal waveforms for multiple access, such as filter bank multi-carrier (FBMC), generalized frequency division multiplexing (GFDM), or universal filtering multi-carrier (UFMC). The wireless communication system may operate, for example, according to the LTE Advanced Pro standard or the 5G or NR new radio standard or the NU-U new radio unlicensed standard or 802.11ax or 802.11be.rules.

[0006] The wireless network or communication system shown in Figures 1(a) and 1(b) may be a heterogeneous network having different overlapping networks, such as a network of macro cells in which each macro cell includes a macro base station (such as base stations gNB1 to gNB5), and a network of small cell base stations (such as femto or pico base stations) (not shown in Figures 1(a) and 1(b)).

[0007] In addition to the above-mentioned terrestrial wireless networks, there are also non-terrestrial wireless communication networks, including onboard transceivers such as satellites and / or onboard transceivers such as unmanned aerial vehicle systems. The non-terrestrial wireless communication network or system can operate in a similar manner to the terrestrial system described above with reference to Figures 1(a) and 1(b), for example according to the LTE-Advanced Pro standard or the 5G or NR new radio standard.

[0008] In a mobile communication system or network, such as in a system or network as described above with reference to FIG. 1(a) and FIG. 1(b), such as in an LTE or 5G / NR network, corresponding entities may communicate using one of a plurality of frequency bands. A frequency band includes a starting frequency, an ending frequency, and all intermediate frequencies between the starting frequency and the ending frequency. In other words, the starting frequency, the ending frequency, and the intermediate frequencies may define a certain bandwidth, such as 20 MHz. A frequency band may also be referred to as a carrier, a bandwidth portion, a BWP, a subband, etc.

[0009] When a single frequency band is used, the communication may be referred to as single-band operation, for example, the UE sends / receives radio signals to / from another network entity on a frequency within a 20 MHz band.

[0010] When two or more frequency bands are used, the communication may be referred to as multi-band operation or broadband operation or carrier aggregation operation. The frequency bands may have different bandwidths or the same bandwidth, such as 20 MHz. For example, in the case of frequency bands with the same bandwidth, the UE may send / receive radio signals to / from another network entity at frequencies within two or more 20 MHz frequency bands, so that the frequency range of the radio communication may be a multiple of 20 MHz. The two or more frequency bands may be continuous / adjacent frequency bands, or some or all of these frequency bands may be separated in the frequency domain.

[0011] Multi-band operation may include frequency bands in the licensed spectrum, or frequency bands in the unlicensed spectrum, or frequency bands in both the licensed spectrum and the unlicensed spectrum.

[0012] Carrier aggregation (CA) is an example of using two or more frequency bands in licensed spectrum and / or unlicensed spectrum.

[0013] 5G New Radio (NR) can support operations in unlicensed spectrum so that multi-band operations can include bands in unlicensed spectrum bands. This can be NR-U based access to unlicensed spectrum, and the bands can be referred to as sub-bands. Unlicensed spectrum can include bands with potential IEEE 802.11 coexistence, such as 5GHz and 6GHz bands. For example, due to regulatory requirements, NR-U can support bandwidths of integer multiples of 20MHz. The division into sub-bands is performed to minimize interference to coexisting systems, such as IEE 802.11 systems, which can operate in one or more of the same bands with the same nominal bandwidth channels (such as 20MHz channels). Other examples of coexistence systems may use sub-bands with sub-band sizes and nominal frequencies different from those of the above-mentioned IEEE 802.11 systems. For example, the unlicensed spectrum may include a 5GHz band, a 6GHz band, a 24GHz band, or a 60GHz band. Examples of such unlicensed bands include the Industrial, Scientific, and Medical (ISM) radio bands that are reserved internationally for the use of radio frequency energy for industrial, scientific, and medical purposes other than telecommunications.

[0014] During operation using unlicensed subbands, a listen-before-talk LBT is performed on each subband separately. This may lead to a situation where one or more subbands become busy or occupied due to interference (e.g., interference from other communication systems co-existing on the same band, other communication systems such as other public land mobile networks PLMN or systems operating in accordance with the IEEE 802.11 specifications). In this case, the transmitter (whether a transmitting gNB or a transmitting UE) is only allowed to transmit on subbands detected as not busy, which are also referred to as idle or unoccupied subbands, as determined by the LBT algorithm. For example, for transmissions spanning more than 20 MHz in the 5 GHz operating unlicensed band, the transmitter (e.g., a gNB or a UE) performs a listen-before-talk LBT on each subband separately. Once the LBT results are available for each subband, the device (e.g., a gNB in ​​the downlink DL or a UE in the uplink UL) is allowed to transmit on those subbands determined to be idle or unoccupied, i.e., on the winning subbands. Transmission on occupied, busy or unclaimed subbands is not allowed.

[0015] It should be noted that the information in the above section is only for enhancement of understanding of the background of the invention and therefore it may contain information that does not form the prior art that is already known to a person of ordinary skill in the art.

[0016] In future versions, NR-U is expected to extend high frequency bands in FR2, for example to the 60 GHz band. At these high frequencies, transmission using narrow beams becomes mandatory due to high propagation losses. However, this will obviously increase the hidden node problem, in which case listen-before-talk (LBT) systems tend to suffer.

[0017] The prior art is the LBT process used in NR-U and specified by ETSI BRAN EN 301.893, in which only the transmitter device performs the LBT process and decides whether to transmit based on the result of the process.

[0018] There is a LBT process.

[0019] IEEE 802.11 systems use a distributed coordination function (DCF) to send frames. This consists of an inter-frame space (IFS) and a random backoff (contention window) as shown below.

[0020] If a currently sensing UE receives a packet, it reads the Network Allocation Vector (NAV) from the ongoing transmission and postpones its backoff procedure until the transmission is complete.

[0021] Figure 3 DFS is shown, especially the inter-frame space, backoff window, and contention window used by the CSMA / CA algorithm of the IEEE 802.11 system.

[0022] Figure 4 Rules for load-based equipment (LBE) in EU are shown.

[0023] In frequency bands with possible IEEE 802.11 coexistence (e.g. 5 GHz band and possibly 6 GHz band), NR-U only supports bandwidths of integer multiples of 20 MHz due to regulatory requirements. Each of these 20 MHz bandwidth channels is designated as a subband. The splitting into subbands is performed to minimize interference to IEEE 802.11 systems that may be operating in the same frequency band with the same nominal bandwidth channels (i.e. 20 MHz). In unlicensed bands other than the 5 GHz band (e.g. 24 GHz), the subband size and nominal frequency may be different. In wideband operation (e.g. > 20 MHz for 5 GHz operation unlicensed bands), the gNB and UE must perform LBT on each subband separately. Once the LBT results from each subband are available, the devices (gNB in ​​DL and UE in UL) are only allowed to transmit on subbands that are perceived as unoccupied (= no LBT failure). See Figures 5(a) and 5(b) for more details on LBT in wideband operation. The number of 20 MHz sub-bands in the 5 GHz unlicensed band is determined to be, for example, 4 (ie, 80 MHz). The number of sub-bands in other unlicensed bands may be different.

[0024] Figure 5(a) and Figure 5(b) show the wideband operation of NR-U.

[0025] LBT solutions in 3GPP RAN are divided into four different categories:

[0026] – Category 1: No LBT

[0027] – Category 2: LBT without random backoff

[0028] – Category 3: LBT with random backoff and fixed contention window size

[0029] – Category 4: LBT with random backoff, variable contention window size To initiate the Channel Occupancy Time (COT) within a supported / configured bandwidth part (BWP), the gNB and UE must perform CAT-4 LBT (with random backoff and variable contention window size (CWS)). In the gNB-initiated COT, the UE transmits PUCCH or PUSCH using CAT-2 LBT (no random backoff and fixed CWS) procedures. Similarly, for UE-initiated COT using CAT-4 LBT, it is discussed that the gNB may transmit within the UE-initiated COT using CAT-2 LBT. In this case, the UE may indicate the maximum time the gNB should transmit within its COT.

[0030] CAT 4LBT is recommended for PDSCH transmission

[0031] Figure 6Cat 4 LBT with DRS burst is shown [R1-1905951].

[0032] The LBT mechanism is as follows [ETSI EN 302 567 V2.0.22]:

[0033] 1. Before transmitting or bursting on an operating channel, the device shall perform a Clear Channel Assessment (CCA) check using "Energy Detect". The device shall observe the operating channel for a CCA observation time measured by a multiple of the 5μs CCA slot time. If the energy level in the channel exceeds the threshold corresponding to the power level given in step 5) below, the operating channel shall be considered occupied for the slot time.

[0034] 2. Expand the CCA inspection definition:

[0035] a. Initiate extended CCA check at the end of an occupied operating channel.

[0036] b. When observing that CCA is empty, transmission should not start earlier than 8μs.

[0037] c. The transmission delay lasts for a random number of empty slot periods.

[0038] d. Random number: A maximum number ranging from zero to no more than 127.

[0039] e. The extended CCA check time is equal to b) + c), that is, 8 μs + random (0 to 127) × 5 μs.

[0040] 3. The device shall perform an extended CCA check in the operating channel. If the device finds that the operating channel is occupied, it shall not transmit on that channel. If the extended CCA check has determined that the channel is no longer occupied for the entire extended CCA check time, the device may resume transmission on this channel.

[0041] 4. The total time that the device utilizes the operating channel is defined as the channel occupation time. This channel occupation time should be less than 9ms, after which the device should perform a new CCA as described in step 1) and step 2) above.

[0042] 5. After correctly receiving the data packet for the device, the device can skip the CCA and continue to transmit immediately in response to the received frame. In the absence of a new CCA, the device's continuous transmission sequence should be less than or equal to the maximum channel occupancy time defined in step 3) above.

[0043] 6. Assuming the antenna gain is 0dBi, the energy detection threshold of CCA should be -47dBm + (40dBm - Pout (dBm)). A similar definition for 5GHz is given in [ETSI EN301893 V2.0.7 Section 4.2.7.3.2.5]. Pout is the maximum transmit power of the same device performing LBT.

[0044] Another technique is receiver-assisted LBT.

[0045] also, A receiver-assisted LBT process has been proposed as described in [1]. Here, the transmitter device performs an initial LBT to send a ready-to-send (RtoTx) signal. The receiver device also performs LBT in response to receiving the RtoTx message, and if the LBT is successful, it sends a ready-to-receive (RtoRx) message. Only when the transmitter device receives this message will it perform the LBT process again and start data transmission if successful.

[0046] Figure 7 and Figure 8 The LBR process proposed in [1] is shown.

[0047] Specifically, Figure 7 LBR is shown to complement LBT with a self-contained time slot used only for DL.

[0048] also, Figure 8 LBR is shown to complement LBT with a self-contained time slot for DL ​​only.

[0049] A similar mechanism called RTS / CTS (Request to Send / Clear to Send) is an optional mechanism in 802.11 systems that can be used to overcome the hidden node problem. The delay and overhead introduced by the mechanism itself can often outweigh the cost, especially for short packets.

[0050] Starting from the above-described prior art, it may be desirable to improve devices and methods in wireless communication systems. Summary of the invention

[0051] A first transceiver for a wireless communication system according to an embodiment is provided. The first transceiver determines information about the occupancy of a transmission channel. In addition, the first transceiver sends the information about the occupancy of the transmission channel to a second transceiver. In addition, the first transceiver determines the information about the occupancy of the transmission channel and sends the information about the occupancy of the transmission channel to the second transceiver without receiving a ready-to-send message from the second transceiver, the ready-to-send message being a message that the second transceiver will use to notify the first transceiver that the second transceiver intends to send user data to the first transceiver (e.g., on resources scheduled by a BS or an AP, where the first or second transceiver may be a BS or an AP).

[0052] Since the transmission has now been scheduled, there is no need to prepare to send a signal to indicate the start of the transmission.

[0053] In addition, a first transceiver for a wireless communication system according to another embodiment is provided. The first transceiver is a base station. The first transceiver determines information about the occupancy of a transmission channel. In addition, the first transceiver sends the information about the occupancy of the transmission channel to a second transceiver, wherein the second transceiver is a user equipment. The base station does not receive information about the occupancy of another transmission channel from the user equipment.

[0054] In addition, a device for interference control of a wireless communication system according to an embodiment is provided. The device for interference control receives information about multiple transmissions of multiple transceivers in the wireless communication system. In addition, the device for interference control schedules multiple transmissions of multiple transceivers in the wireless communication system to avoid interference of a first transmission in the multiple transmissions with a second transmission in the multiple transmissions.

[0055] In addition, a second transceiver for a wireless communication system according to an embodiment is provided. The second transceiver does not send a ready-to-send message from the second transceiver, the ready-to-send message being a message that the second transceiver will use to notify the first transceiver that the second transceiver intends to send user data to the first transceiver. In addition, the second transceiver receives information about occupancy of a transmission channel from the first transceiver (e.g., on resources scheduled by a BS or an AP, where the first or second transceiver may be a BS or an AP).

[0056] In addition, a second transceiver for a wireless communication system according to an embodiment is provided. The second transceiver is a user equipment. The second transceiver receives information about the occupancy of a transmission channel from a first transceiver, wherein the first transceiver is a base station. The user equipment does not send information about the occupancy of another transmission channel to the base station.

[0057] In addition, a transceiver for a wireless communication system according to another embodiment is provided. The transceiver is one of a plurality of transceivers. The transceiver sends information about a transmission of a transceiver within a wireless network to an apparatus for interference control, wherein the transmission of the transceiver is one of a plurality of transmissions of a plurality of transceivers in the wireless communication system. In addition, the transceiver receives an instruction about a scheduling of transmissions of the transceiver within the wireless network from the apparatus for interference control. In addition, the transceiver adjusts transmissions within the wireless network in response to receiving an instruction about a scheduling of transmissions of the transceiver within the wireless network from the apparatus for interference control.

[0058] In addition, a wireless communication system according to an embodiment is provided. The wireless communication system includes the first transceiver as described above and the second transceiver as described above.

[0059] In addition, a wireless communication system according to another embodiment is provided. The wireless communication system comprises the apparatus for interference control as described above and two or more transceivers, wherein each of the two or more transceivers is the transceiver as described above.

[0060] In addition, a method for operating a wireless communication system according to an embodiment is provided. The method comprises:

[0061] - determining, by the first transceiver, information about the occupancy of the transmission channel. And:

[0062] - Information about the occupancy of the transmission channel is sent by the first transceiver to the second transceiver.

[0063] The determination of the information about the occupancy of the transmission channel and the sending of the information about the occupancy of the transmission channel to the second transceiver are performed by the first transceiver without receiving a prepare-to-send message from the second transceiver, the prepare-to-send message being a message that the second transceiver will use to inform the first transceiver that the second transceiver intends to send user data to the first transceiver.

[0064] In addition, a method for operating a wireless communication system according to an embodiment is provided. The method comprises:

[0065] - Information about the occupancy of the transmission channel is determined by the base station. And:

[0066] - The base station sends information about the occupancy of the transmission channel to the user equipment.

[0067] The base station does not receive information about the occupancy of another transmission channel from the user equipment.

[0068] In addition, a method for operating a wireless communication system according to an embodiment is provided. The method comprises:

[0069] -An apparatus for interference control receives information about a plurality of transmissions of a plurality of transceivers in a wireless communication system.

[0070] - Scheduling, by means for interference control, a plurality of transmissions of a plurality of transceivers in a wireless communication system to avoid interference of a first transmission of the plurality of transmissions with a second transmission of the plurality of transmissions.

[0071] In addition, a method for operating a wireless communication system according to another embodiment is provided. The method includes:

[0072] - No ready-to-send message is sent from the second transceiver to the first transceiver, the ready-to-send message being a message that the second transceiver will use to inform the first transceiver that the second transceiver intends to send user data to the first transceiver.

[0073] - receiving, at the second transceiver from the first transceiver, information about the occupancy of the transmission channel.

[0074] In addition, a method for operating a wireless communication system according to an embodiment is provided. The method comprises:

[0075] - Receiving, at the user equipment, information about the occupancy of the transmission channel from the base station.

[0076] The user equipment does not send information about the occupancy of another transmission channel to the base station.

[0077] In addition, a method for operating a wireless communication system according to another embodiment is provided. The method includes:

[0078] - sending information about a transmission of the transceiver within the wireless network from the transceiver to the apparatus for interference control, the transmission of the transceiver being one of a plurality of transmissions of a plurality of transceivers in the wireless communication system.

[0079] - Receiving, at a transceiver from an apparatus for interference control, instructions regarding scheduling of transmissions of the transceiver within the wireless network.

[0080] - In response to receiving an instruction from the apparatus for interference control regarding scheduling of transmissions by a transceiver within the wireless network, adjusting transmissions within the wireless network by the transceiver.

[0081] For example, a transceiver (eg, a BS or access point (AP)) may also report to other transceivers (eg, connected UEs / STAs).

[0082] Furthermore, in an embodiment, a computer program product is provided that includes instructions, which, when executed by a computer, cause the computer to perform one or more of the above methods. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0083] The embodiments of the present invention are now described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings:

[0084] 1( a ) and 1 ( b ) are schematic diagrams showing examples of wireless communication systems.

[0085] Figure 2 A schematic diagram of a wireless communication system is shown, which includes a transceiver such as a base station and one or more transceivers such as user equipment UE.

[0086] Figure 3 DFS is shown, especially the inter-frame space, backoff window, and contention window used by the CSMA / CA algorithm of the IEEE 802.11 system.

[0087] Figure 4 The rules for load-based equipment (LBE) in EU are shown.

[0088] FIG5(a) and FIG5(b) illustrate wideband operation for NR-U.

[0089] Figure 6 Cat 4 LBT with DRS burst is shown.

[0090] Figure 7 LBR is shown to complement LBT with a self-contained time slot used only for DL.

[0091] Figure 8 LBR is shown to complement LBT with a self-contained time slot for UL only.

[0092] Fig. 9 Receiver activated LBT for NR-U according to an embodiment is shown.

[0093] Fig.10 Receiver-assisted LBT within a grant / scheduling allocation is shown according to an embodiment.

[0094] Fig.11 shows the use of idle channel signals to use explicit signaling ( Fig.11 ) and using implicit timing-based instructions ( Fig.11 ) to indicate an example of the beam to be used.

[0095] Fig.12 An interference control unit making scheduling recommendations according to an embodiment is shown.

[0096] Fig.13 An example of a computer system on which the units or modules described according to the method of the present invention and the steps of the method can be executed is shown. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0097] Embodiments of the present invention will now be described in more detail with reference to the accompanying drawings, wherein the same or similar elements have the same reference numerals.

[0098] The embodiments of the present invention may be implemented in a wireless communication system including a base station and a user (such as a mobile terminal or an IoT device) as shown in FIG. 1( a ) and FIG. 1( b ). Figure 2 The invention comprises a transceiver 300 (such as a base station) and one or more other transceivers 3021 to 302 n Schematic diagram of a wireless communication system of a user equipment (UE). A transceiver 300 (e.g., a base station) and (one or more) other transceivers 302 (e.g., (one or more) user equipment UE) can communicate via one or more wireless communication links or channels 304a, 304b, 304c (e.g., radio links). The transceiver 300 (e.g., a base station) may include one or more antennas ANT coupled to each other. T Or an antenna array having multiple antenna elements, a signal processor 300a and a transceiver unit 300b. (One or more) other transceivers 302 (eg, (one or more) user equipment UE) include one or more antennas ANT coupled to each other. R or an antenna array having multiple antennas, a signal processor 302a1, 302a n and transceiver units 302b1, 302b n . A transceiver 300 (e.g., a base station) and (one or more) other transceivers 302 (e.g., (one or more) user equipment UEs) can communicate via corresponding first wireless communication links 304a and 304b (e.g., radio links using a Uu interface), and the UEs 302 can communicate with each other via a second wireless communication link 304c (e.g., a radio link using a PC5 interface). When the UEs are not served by the base station, are not connected to the base station (e.g., they are not in an RRC connected state), or more generally, when the base station does not provide SL resource allocation configuration or assistance, the UEs can communicate with each other via a side link. The system (e.g., one or more UEs 302 and, for example, a base station) can operate according to the teachings of the present invention described herein.

[0099] In an embodiment, a first transceiver for a wireless communication system according to an embodiment is provided.

[0100] The first transceiver determines information about the occupancy of a transmission channel.

[0101] The first transceiver sends information about the occupancy of the transmission channel to the second transceiver.

[0102] The first transceiver determines information about the occupancy of the transmission channel and sends the information about the occupancy of the transmission channel to the second transceiver without receiving a ready to send message from the second transceiver, the ready to send message being a message that the second transceiver will use to inform the first transceiver that the second transceiver intends to send user data to the first transceiver.

[0103] According to this embodiment, Figure 7 In contrast to the example in , the first transceiver does not need to receive a ready-to-send message from the second transceiver to start determining information about the occupancy of the transmission channel. For example, the first transceiver already knows that the second transceiver wants to transmit. For example, the first transceiver may have just received a data packet from the second transceiver, so it can be assumed, for example, that the second transceiver may intend to send another data packet. In another example, a BS or AP (access point) (where the first or second transceiver can be a BS or AP) has already scheduled data transmission in a DCI message in the PDCCH. Therefore, if the first transceiver is a BS or AP, it already knows its own transmission, and if the second transceiver is a BS or AP, the first transceiver knows the transmission of the DCI message from the second transceiver (which schedules the data transmission). Therefore, network traffic is reduced because the second transceiver does not send a ready-to-send message. In addition, the speed of data transmission is increased because the first transmitter does not have to wait for a ready-to-send message from the second transceiver and thus does not waste time.

[0104] In a preferred embodiment, Figure 2 The transceiver 300 (eg, a base station) may be, for example, a first transceiver, and Figure 2 One transceiver 3021 (eg, user equipment) of the other(s) transceiver(s) 302 may be, for example, a second transceiver.

[0105] In other embodiments, Figure 2 One transceiver 3021 (eg, user equipment) of the other transceiver(s) 302 may be, for example, a first transceiver, and Figure 2 The transceiver 300 (eg, a base station) may be, for example, a second transceiver.

[0106] In a further embodiment, Figure 2 One transceiver 3021 (eg, a first user equipment) of the other transceiver(s) 302 may be, for example, a first transceiver, and Figure 2 Another transceiver 302 of the other transceiver(s) 302 n The (eg, second user equipment) may be, for example, a second transceiver.

[0107] In a further embodiment, the first transceiver may be, for example, a first base station, such as a macro base station or a pico base station or a small cell base station, or a relay base station; and the second transceiver may be, for example, a second base station.

[0108] In an embodiment, the base station may not receive information about occupancy of another transmission channel from the user equipment.

[0109] according to Figure 2 According to an embodiment of the present invention, a first transceiver for a wireless communication system according to another embodiment is provided. In this embodiment, the first transceiver is a base station 300.

[0110] The first transceiver determines information about the occupancy of a transmission channel.

[0111] Furthermore, the first transceiver sends information about the occupancy of the transmission channel to a second transceiver, wherein the second transceiver is a user equipment, e.g. Figure 2 User device 3021.

[0112] The base station does not receive information about the occupancy of another transmission channel from the user equipment.

[0113] According to this embodiment, the base station is the first transceiver to determine information about the occupancy of the transmission channel. The user equipment may intend to send user data via the transmission channel. Therefore, this embodiment relates to the case of uplink transmission of data packets. In contrast, this embodiment does not relate to downlink data transmission from the base station to the user equipment. This embodiment recognizes that it is particularly useful to use the concept of the present invention for uplink data transmission. Therefore, the base station can guide multiple user equipment to postpone their transmission. Applying this concept to downlink data packet transmission will also cause the base station to have to process multiple control messages from the user equipment at the same time. If this concept is not applied to data packet downlink transmission, but only to data packet uplink transmission, the efficiency of data transmission in the wireless network can be improved.

[0114] According to an embodiment, if, for example, the first transceiver (e.g., its transceiver unit 300b / 302b1) has determined that a transmission channel is occupied or interfered, the first transceiver does not receive user data from the second transceiver (e.g., from its transceiver unit 302b1 / 300b) via the transmission channel, wherein the first transceiver may consider that the transmission channel is interfered if, for example, a power detection threshold is exceeded (e.g., determined by a received signal strength indicator RSSI) or if a known sequence is detected (e.g., if the received power during the listening window is below a certain power threshold, or if, for example, the correlation of the received signal with a known sequence indicating the start of transmission is below a certain threshold).

[0115] In an embodiment, the first transceiver may receive user data via the transmission channel (e.g. at its transceiver unit 300b / 302b1) from the second transceiver (e.g. from its transceiver unit 302b1 / 300b) if the first transceiver has indicated that the transmission channel is idle (e.g. using its transceiver unit 300b / 302b1) and if the second transceiver has also determined that the transmission channel is idle (such determination may be performed, for example, by its signal processor 302a1 / 300a), and the second transceiver has also determined that the transmission channel is idle, for example if the second transceiver performs listen-before-talk and does not detect that another transmission is being performed via the transmission channel. The second transceiver may consider the transmission channel to be idle.

[0116] According to an embodiment, the first transceiver is a base station. The base station sends a grant in a control region, such as a PDCCH. The grant indicates where the second transceiver performs its data transmission.

[0117] In another embodiment, the first transceiver is a user equipment that receives a scheduling assignment in a control region, such as a PDCCH, wherein the scheduling assignment indicates where the first transceiver receives its data transmission.

[0118] According to an embodiment, the first transceiver may send information about the occupancy of the transmission channel to the second transceiver within a control message via the control channel (eg using its transceiver unit 300b / 302b1 ).

[0119] In another embodiment, the control channel is located within resources indicated for data transmission.

[0120] According to an embodiment, the location of the control channel within the resources indicated for data transmission is configured by, for example, DCI or RRC signaling or SIB or MIB, or is pre-configured.

[0121] In an embodiment, the first transceiver may send (e.g., its transceiver unit 300b / 302b1) a control message to the second transceiver (e.g., to its transceiver unit 302b1 / 300b) via the control channel, wherein if the first transceiver has determined that the transmission channel is undisturbed and idle, the control message indicates that the transmission channel is idle.

[0122] In a further embodiment, the control channel may be part of the granted resources for PUSCH or the scheduling assignment for PDSCH, and the PUSCH or PDSCH spans the remaining region of the resources.

[0123] According to an embodiment, if the first transceiver has determined that the transmission channel is interfered or not idle, the first transceiver does not send any message to the second transceiver via the control channel.

[0124] In an embodiment, the control channel is an uplink clear channel assessment channel UL-CCA-CH. Alternatively, the control channel is a downlink clear channel assessment channel DL-CCA-CH. Alternatively, the control channel is a side link clear channel assessment channel SL-CCA-CH.

[0125] According to an embodiment, the first transceiver is configured such that the first transceiver comprises information about at least one of:

[0126] - the maximum time period required to determine whether the transmission channel is undisturbed and idle, e.g. the time period required to perform listen-before-talk,

[0127] - duration of the idle channel signal,

[0128] - the sequence to be used for idle channel signalling,

[0129] - a user equipment specific sequence, e.g. a base station provides uplink grants to a plurality of user equipments and a user equipment specific sequence, e.g. sent in a CCA-CH channel, determines which user equipment is allowed to transmit,

[0130] - bandwidth or frequency location of idle channel signal transmission,

[0131] - beam used for transmission of UL-CCA-CH or DL-CCA-CH or SL-CCA-CH,

[0132] -The duration of the time interval between the control message sent via UL-CCA-CH or DL-CCA-CH or SL-CCA-CH and the transmission of user data in a transmission channel (e.g., PUSCH or PDSCH or PSSCH), wherein, for example, if the transmitter device is full-duplex capable, the duration may also be zero, for example, if the transmitter knows the current load on the radio channel, the duration may also be a time or frequency offset for when / where LBT is performed; wherein, for example, if the second transceiver is full-duplex capable, the duration may be zero, for example, if the second transceiver knows the current load on the radio channel, the duration may be a time or frequency offset for when / where LBT is performed.

[0133] In an embodiment, the uplink grant message may, for example, specify resources for transmission.

[0134] According to an embodiment, the presence of UL-CCA-CH or DL-CCA-CH or SL-CCA-CH is dynamically indicated by the base station using an indicator in the downlink control information DCI, for example. And / or the presence of UL-CCA-CH or DL-CCA-CH or SL-CCA-CH is configured by radio resource control signaling. And / or the presence of UL-CCA-CH or DL-CCA-CH or SL-CCA-CH is configured by a system information block SIB or a master information block MIB. And / or the presence of UL-CCA-CH or DL-CCA-CH or SL-CCA-CH is pre-configured, for example, pre-configured for a specific frequency band.

[0135] In an embodiment, the first transceiver may select a beam from the two or more beams used for transmission of user data as a suggested beam based on a specific metric (such as interference power, signal / beam received power, leakage power, SNR, SINR) within each of the two or more beams used for transmission of user data (such selection may be performed, for example, by its signal processor 300a / 302a1). The first transceiver may indicate the suggested beam to the second transceiver.

[0136] For example, leakage can be defined as the interference caused by own transmissions measured by other devices. For example, leakage can be measured by different transceivers in the network and by collecting such information in an interference control unit. For example, the above concept can be used for fixed wireless access, where the signal conditions are static over time.

[0137] Selecting the best beam at the first transceiver that should receive the data packet from the first transceiver is quite useful because doing so helps the receiver side of the data packet determine whether the data packet of the corresponding beam candidate can be received. Thus, the concept allows the selection of the best quality beam at the receiver side.

[0138] According to an embodiment, the suggested beam is indicated within a control message.

[0139] In yet another embodiment, the recommended beam is indicated by using a specific UL-CCA-CH among a plurality of UL-CCA-CHs, for example, multiplexed in time, wherein each of the plurality of UL-CCA-CHs is associated with a different beam among the two or more beams. Alternatively, the recommended beam is indicated by using a specific DL-CCA-CH among a plurality of DL-CCA-CHs, for example, multiplexed in time, wherein each of the plurality of DL-CCA-CHs is associated with a different beam among the two or more beams.

[0140] In an embodiment, the first transceiver may select the proposed beam from the two or more beams by selecting a beam having the lowest interference among the two or more beams from the two or more beams.

[0141] According to an embodiment, the first transceiver may select one DL-CCA-CH or UL-CCA-CH from a set of a plurality of DL-CCA-CHs or a plurality of UL-CCA-CHs, each of which is associated with a beam to indicate a best beam.

[0142] According to an embodiment, the first transceiver may select the proposed beam from the two or more beams by selecting a beam having a highest signal to interference plus noise ratio SINR among the two or more beams.

[0143] In an embodiment, for example, the control message may be valid for a plurality of data transmissions within a configured or preconfigured time window or a configured or preconfigured number of consecutive data transmissions by the second transceiver.

[0144] In addition, a device for interference control of a wireless communication system according to an embodiment is provided. For example, the device for interference control may be Figure 2 A transceiver 300, such as a base station.

[0145] An apparatus for interference control receives information about a plurality of transmissions from a plurality of transceivers in a wireless communication system. For example, the plurality of transceivers may be Figure 2 Other transceivers 3021, ..., 302 n , such as multiple user devices.

[0146] Furthermore, the apparatus for interference control schedules a plurality of transmissions of a plurality of transceivers in a wireless communication system to avoid interference of a first transmission of the plurality of transmissions with a second transmission of the plurality of transmissions.

[0147] According to the present embodiment, the above concepts are not (only) used to inform a transceiver (e.g., user equipment) that a data packet transmission should be postponed. Instead, these concepts can be used to schedule different data packet transmissions from multiple transceivers (multiple user equipments), which helps to avoid data packet collisions.

[0148] In an embodiment, the apparatus for interference control is a base station and / or is in communication with one or more base stations.

[0149] According to an embodiment, an apparatus for interference control receives information about a planned transmission from a plurality of transceivers (e.g., from a base station, a UE, an access point, a STA), wherein the information about the planned transmission includes at least one of the following:

[0150] Time and frequency resources,

[0151] Beam direction,

[0152] Antenna array orientation,

[0153] Transceiver location coordinates,

[0154] Transmit power,

[0155] • Transmit power including beamforming gain.

[0156] The BS and access point (AP) may report, for example, to connected UEs / STAs.

[0157] In an embodiment, an apparatus for interference control is configured to schedule multiple transmissions of multiple transceivers in a wireless communication system by:

[0158] - by detecting whether a first transmission of the plurality of transmissions interferes with a second transmission of the plurality of transmissions, and

[0159] - by sending a first command to a first transceiver of the plurality of transceivers that is performing a first transmission of the plurality of transmissions, wherein the first command instructs the first transceiver of the plurality of transceivers to defer the first transmission of the plurality of transmissions for a first time period, and / or

[0160] - by sending a second command to a second transceiver of the plurality of transceivers that performs a second transmission of the plurality of transmissions, wherein the second command instructs the second transceiver of the plurality of transceivers to defer the second transmission of the plurality of transmissions for a second time period.

[0161] For example, the first command may also be sent to the BS / AP responsible for the transceiver.

[0162] According to an embodiment, the apparatus for interference control may send a third command to multiple transceivers instructing the multiple transceivers to deactivate the random backoff process; or wherein the deactivation of the random backoff process is preconfigured, for example, preconfigured for a specific unlicensed band.

[0163] Since the above concept enables scheduling of different data transmissions from different transceivers (e.g., user equipment), the random backoff procedure is no longer needed. Moreover, it is useful to deactivate the random backoff procedure in the case of scheduling, because the random backoff procedure at multiple transceivers may cause problems for the above scheduling method due to its random or pseudo-random nature.

[0164] In an embodiment, for example, if the transmission channel is occupied or interfered, the means for interference control may send a third command to the plurality of transceivers further instructing the plurality of transceivers to store the data packet in the memory.

[0165] According to an embodiment, an apparatus for interference control schedules a plurality of transmissions of a plurality of transceivers in a wireless communication system based on information to deactivate a random backoff procedure for the plurality of transceivers for one or more predefined frequency bands.

[0166] In addition, Figure 2 In a further embodiment of the present invention, a second transceiver for a wireless communication system is provided.

[0167] The second transceiver does not send a ready to send message from the second transceiver, the ready to send message being a message that the second transceiver would use to notify the first transceiver that the second transceiver intends to send user data to the first transceiver.

[0168] Furthermore, the second transceiver receives information about the occupancy of the transmission channel from the first transceiver.

[0169] In a preferred embodiment, Figure 2 The transceiver 300 (eg, a base station) may be, for example, a first transceiver, and Figure 2 One transceiver 3021 (eg, user equipment) of the other(s) transceiver(s) 302 may be, for example, a second transceiver.

[0170] In other embodiments, Figure 2 One transceiver 3021 (eg, user equipment) of the other transceiver(s) 302 may be, for example, a first transceiver, and Figure 2 The transceiver 300 (eg, a base station) may be, for example, a second transceiver.

[0171] In a further embodiment, Figure 2 One transceiver 3021 (eg, a first user equipment) of the other transceiver(s) 302 may be, for example, a first transceiver, and Figure 2 Another transceiver 302 of the other transceiver(s) 302 n The (eg, second user equipment) may be, for example, a second transceiver.

[0172] In yet another embodiment, the first transceiver may be, for example, a first base station, such as a macro base station or a pico base station or a small cell base station, or a relay base station; and the second transceiver may be, for example, a second base station.

[0173] According to an embodiment, the second transceiver is a user equipment, wherein the first transceiver is a base station.

[0174] In an embodiment, the user equipment does not send information about the occupancy of another transmission channel to the base station.

[0175] In addition, according to Figure 2According to a further embodiment of the present invention, a second transceiver for a wireless communication system is provided. The second transceiver is a user equipment, such as user equipment 3021.

[0176] The second transceiver receives information about the occupancy of the transmission channel from the first transceiver, the first transceiver being a base station, for example the base station 300 .

[0177] The user equipment does not send information about the occupancy of another transmission channel to the base station.

[0178] According to an embodiment, the second transceiver does not send user data to the first transceiver via the transmission channel, provided that, for example, the second transceiver has received information from the first transceiver that the transmission channel is occupied or interfered with, wherein the first transceiver can assume that the transmission channel is interfered with if, for example, a power detection threshold is exceeded (for example, determined by a received signal strength indicator RSSI) or if a known sequence is detected.

[0179] In an embodiment, the second transceiver may send user data to the first transceiver via the transmission channel, provided that the first transceiver has indicated to the second transceiver that the transmission channel is idle, and provided that the second transceiver has also determined that the transmission channel is idle, for example, if, for example, the second transceiver performs listen-before-talk and does not detect another transmission being performed via the transmission channel, the second transceiver may consider the transmission channel to be idle.

[0180] According to an embodiment, the second transceiver is a user equipment. The user equipment receives a grant in a control region, such as a PDCCH. The grant indicates where the second transceiver performs its data transmission.

[0181] In another embodiment, the second transceiver is a base station that sends a scheduling assignment in a control region, such as a PDCCH, wherein the scheduling assignment indicates where the first transceiver receives its data transmission.

[0182] According to an embodiment, the second transceiver may receive information about the occupancy of the transmission channel from the first transceiver within a control message via the control channel.

[0183] In yet another embodiment, the control channel is located within resources indicated for data transmission.

[0184] According to an embodiment, the location of the control channel within the resources indicated for data transmission is configured by, for example, DCI or RRC signaling or SIB or MIB, or is pre-configured.

[0185] In an embodiment, the second transceiver may receive a control message from the first transceiver via the control channel, wherein the control message indicates that the transmission channel is idle if the first transceiver has determined that the transmission channel is undisturbed and idle.

[0186] According to an embodiment, the second transceiver does not receive any message from the first transceiver via the control channel if the first transceiver has determined that the transmission channel is interfered or not idle.

[0187] In an embodiment, the control channel may be, for example, an uplink clear channel assessment channel UL-CCA-CH. Alternatively, the control channel may be, for example, a downlink clear channel assessment channel DL-CCA-CH. Alternatively, the control channel may be, for example, a side link clear channel assessment channel SL-CCA-CH.

[0188] According to an embodiment, the second transceiver is configured such that the second transceiver comprises information about at least one of:

[0189] - the maximum time period required to determine whether the transmission channel is undisturbed and idle, e.g. the time period required to perform listen-before-talk,

[0190] - duration of the idle channel signal,

[0191] - the sequence to be used for idle channel signalling,

[0192] - a user equipment specific sequence, e.g. a base station provides uplink grants to a plurality of user equipments and a user equipment specific sequence, e.g. sent in a CCA-CH channel, determines which user equipment is allowed to transmit,

[0193] - bandwidth or frequency location of idle channel signal transmission,

[0194] - beam used for transmission of UL-CCA-CH or DL-CCA-CH or SL-CCA-CH,

[0195] -The duration of the time interval between the control message sent via UL-CCA-CH or DL-CCA-CH or SL-CCA-CH and the transmission of user data in a transmission channel (e.g., PUSCH or PDSCH or PSSCH), wherein if the transmitter device is full-duplex capable, the duration may also be zero, for example when the transmitter knows the current load on the radio channel, the duration may also be a time or frequency offset for when / where LBT is performed; wherein, for example, if the second transceiver is full-duplex capable, the duration may be zero, for example when the second transceiver knows the current load on the radio channel, the duration may be a time or frequency offset for when / where LBT is performed.

[0196] According to an embodiment, the first transceiver is a base station and the second transceiver is a user equipment; or, the first transceiver is a user equipment and the second transceiver is a base station.

[0197] According to an embodiment, the presence of UL-CCA-CH or DL-CCA-CH or SL-CCA-CH is dynamically indicated by the base station using an indicator in the downlink control information DCI, for example. And / or the presence of UL-CCA-CH or DL-CCA-CH or SL-CCA-CH is configured by radio resource control signaling. And / or the presence of UL-CCA-CH or DL-CCA-CH or SL-CCA-CH is configured by a system information block SIB or a master information block MIB. And / or the presence of UL-CCA-CH or DL-CCA-CH or SL-CCA-CH is pre-configured, for example for a specific frequency band.

[0198] In an embodiment, the second transceiver receives an indication from the first transceiver regarding a recommended beam among two or more beams for transmission of user data, wherein selection of the recommended beam depends on a specific metric (such as interference power, signal / beam received power, leakage power, SNR, SINR) within each of the two or more beams for transmission of user data.

[0199] According to an embodiment, the proposed beam is indicated within the control message.

[0200] In yet another embodiment, the recommended beam is indicated by using a specific UL-CCA-CH among a plurality of UL-CCA-CHs, for example, multiplexed in time, wherein each of the plurality of UL-CCA-CHs is associated with a different beam among the two or more beams. Alternatively, the recommended beam is indicated by using a specific DL-CCA-CH among a plurality of DL-CCA-CHs, for example, multiplexed in time, wherein each of the plurality of DL-CCA-CHs is associated with a different beam among the two or more beams.

[0201] In an embodiment, the proposed beam is a beam of the two or more beams having the lowest interference among the two or more beams.

[0202] According to an embodiment, the proposed beam is a beam, among the two or more beams, having a highest signal to interference plus noise ratio SINR among the two or more beams.

[0203] In an embodiment, for example, the control message may be valid for a plurality of data transmissions within a configured or preconfigured time window or a configured or preconfigured number of consecutive data transmissions by the second transceiver.

[0204] In addition, a transceiver for a wireless communication system according to another embodiment is provided. The transceiver is one of a plurality of transceivers. For example, the transceiver may be Figure 2 Other transceivers 3021, ..., 302 n The transceiver 3021 in.

[0205] The transceiver sends information about a transmission of the transceiver within the wireless network to the apparatus for interference control, the transmission of the transceiver being one of a plurality of transmissions of a plurality of transceivers in the wireless communication system. The apparatus for interference control may be, for example, Figure 2 A transceiver 300, such as a base station.

[0206] Additionally, the transceiver receives instructions from the apparatus for interference control regarding scheduling of transmissions by the transceiver within the wireless network.

[0207] Furthermore, the transceiver adjusts transmissions within the wireless network in response to receiving instructions from the apparatus for interference control regarding scheduling of transmissions by the transceiver within the wireless network.

[0208] In an embodiment, the apparatus for interference control is a base station and / or is in communication with one or more base stations.

[0209] According to an embodiment, a transceiver sends information about a planned transmission, wherein the transceiver is a base station or a UE, or an access point, or a STA (station, user equipment in IEEE 802.11), wherein the information about the planned transmission includes at least one of the following:

[0210] Time and frequency resources,

[0211] Beam direction,

[0212] Antenna array orientation,

[0213] Transceiver location coordinates,

[0214] Transmit power,

[0215] • Transmit power including beamforming gain.

[0216] In an embodiment, the transceiver may receive a command from the means for interference control, wherein the command instructs the transceiver to defer transmission for a period of time, and

[0217] Wherein the transceiver may defer transmission for a period of time in response to receiving a command from the means for interference control.

[0218] According to an embodiment, the transceiver may receive another command from the apparatus for interference control instructing the transceiver to deactivate the random backoff process, and the transceiver may deactivate the random backoff process in response to receiving another command from the apparatus for interference control. Alternatively, the deactivation of the random backoff process is pre-configured, for example, pre-configured for a specific unlicensed band.

[0219] In an embodiment, the transceiver comprises a memory. The transceiver may store the data packets in the memory.

[0220] According to an embodiment, the transceiver may deactivate the random backoff procedure for one or more predefined frequency bands. The transceiver does not deactivate the random backoff procedure for one or more other frequency bands.

[0221] In addition, a wireless communication system according to an embodiment is provided. The wireless communication system includes the first transceiver as described above and the second transceiver as described above.

[0222] In addition, a wireless communication system according to another embodiment is provided, which includes the apparatus for interference control as described above and two or more transceivers, wherein each of the two or more transceivers is the transceiver as described above.

[0223] Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention are described in more detail.

[0224] Embodiments of the present invention provide receiver-assisted LBT using only idle channel signaling.

[0225] The LBT procedure used in NR-U currently does not work well in the presence of widespread use of beam-based transmissions. The main problem is that the receiver is in the best position to assess the channel state. However, LBT is performed at the transmitter and cannot detect the perceived channel at the receiver side. To overcome this problem, LBR-based protocols have been proposed (see SOTA section). However, we take this approach a step further and propose a receiver-activated LBT protocol, as Fig. 9 shown.

[0226] Fig. 9 Receiver activated LBT for NR-U according to an embodiment is shown.

[0227] Certain embodiments involve dedicated regions within grant / scheduling allocations for sending idle channel signals.

[0228] Fig.10 Receiver-assisted LBT within a grant / scheduling allocation is shown according to an embodiment.

[0229] like Fig.10As shown, the gNB provides an UL grant to the UE. (Similar to how DL scheduling assignments work.) The grant / scheduling assignment provides resources for data transmission, such as PUSCH or PDSCH, where a portion is reserved at the beginning of the provided resources for the receiver device to send a clear channel signal (CCS), such as a downlink clear channel assessment channel (DL-CCA-CH) or an uplink clear channel assessment channel (UL-CCA-CH).

[0230] The receiver device (e.g., UE or gNB) performs LBT within the region in the grant / scheduling assignment and, if LBT is successful, transmits a clear channel signal, such as a DMRS-based sequence, in the UL-CCA-CH or DL-CCA-CH. Otherwise, no signal is transmitted. The transmitter device waiting for the sequence performs its LBT within the provided gap only if a signal in the UL / DL-CCACH is detected. If the receiver device's LBT is also successful, the PDSCH or PUSCH is transmitted.

[0231] Further aspects are presented below.

[0232] The presence of UL / DL-CCA-CH is indicated by the network to the UE, for example, using RRC signaling, or is pre-configured for a specific frequency band (eg, 60 GHz).

[0233] Configuration / pre-configuration may for example include information about:

[0234] - the duration of the receiver LBT to be performed, and / or

[0235] - duration of the idle channel signal, and / or

[0236] - the sequence to be used for idle channel signalling, and / or

[0237] - bandwidth / frequency location of idle channel signal transmission, and / or

[0238] - Duration of the gap between DL / UL-CCA-CH and PUSCH / PDSCH, where this duration may also be zero if the transmitter device is full-duplex capable, or may be a time or frequency offset of when / where to perform LBT, for example if the transmitter knows the current load on the radio channel.

[0239] The presence of UL / DL-CCA-CH may also be indicated dynamically using, for example, an indicator in a DCI including a grant or a scheduling assignment.

[0240] Some embodiments provide receiver-assisted LBT for uplink (UL) only.

[0241] In a further embodiment, we propose to use the receiver assisted LBT procedure only for UL data transmission, i.e. PUSCH. For DL ​​transmission (i.e. PDSCH), waiting for feedback from the UE may limit the scheduling flexibility of the gNB and put additional burden on the UE. Therefore, despite the increase in interference generated by gNB transmissions (such as PDSCH), the overall system performance can be improved by applying the proposed procedure only for UL.

[0242] Some embodiments provide a clear channel signal indicating the beam to use.

[0243] The transmitter device indicates or is configured with a potential set of beams to be used for transmission. The receiver device selects the most appropriate beam (e.g., the beam with the lowest interference or highest SINR) based on its LBT and indicates which beam to use in the clear channel signal. In response, the transmitter performs its LBT for the suggested beam and transmits using this beam if the LBT is successful.

[0244] Fig.11 shows the use of idle channel signals to use explicit signaling ( Fig.11 ) and using implicit timing-based instructions ( Fig.11 ) to indicate an example of the beam to be used.

[0245] In some embodiments, an interference control unit for use in high frequency mid-unlicensed frequency bands is provided.

[0246] If beamforming is used extensively, the LBT process will not work. However, interference must be controlled and minimized as much as possible. Therefore, we propose an interference control unit for NR-U systems that operates in frequency bands where beamforming is used extensively, such as high frequency bands in FR2, such as 60GHz. The interference control unit can be in the gNB, in the UE, or in higher layers of the network. Depending on the scenario, the interference control unit may work autonomously (within the PLMN or within the cell) or communicate with other interference control units of the same or different PLMNs. In addition, the interference control unit can also communicate with access points (APs) of other radio access technologies (RATs) (e.g., Wifi 802.11, LTE LAA, or others) to coordinate or adjust its own interference control mechanisms. Since the interference control unit knows (almost) all the transmissions around it, the transmission directions, and the UE locations, it can schedule UEs in a way that minimizes the impact of UEs on each other.

[0247] Fig.12 An interference control unit making scheduling recommendations according to an embodiment is shown.

[0248] According to some embodiments, random backoff for 60 GHz for interference control may, for example, be deactivated.

[0249] However, one of the main issues to be dealt with is random backoff. Since random backoff cannot be controlled or predicted, interference coordination will be affected under this mechanism.

[0250] Therefore, we recommend that the network configure the UE to deactivate the random backoff process so that the UE only performs LBT for the contention window size (CWS) or performs normal CAT-2 LBT, transmits if the channel is found to be idle, and abandons the grant if the channel is found to be busy. This will cause the UE PHY to report to the UE MAC that the packet cannot be sent, thereby causing the UE MAC to add the packet to the buffer again.

[0251] In another embodiment, the random backoff deactivation is predefined for a specific frequency band, such as a high frequency band, such as a 60 GHz frequency band.

[0252] Embodiments of the present invention may be used, for example, for NR_U and for NR.

[0253] The embodiments of the present invention are described in detail above. Each embodiment and aspect may be implemented separately or in combination of two or more embodiments or aspects.

[0254] With respect to the above embodiments of various aspects of the present invention, it should be noted that they are described in an environment where there is communication between a transmitter (such as a gNB or UE) and a receiver (such as a UE and a gNB). However, the present invention is not limited to such communication, but rather the above principles can also be applied to device-to-device communication, such as D2D, V2V, V2X communication. In this case, the communication is carried out via a side link between the respective devices. The transmitter is a first UE and the receiver is a second UE that communicates using side link resources.

[0255] Depending on the embodiment, the wireless communication system may include a terrestrial network, or a non-terrestrial network, or a network or network segment using an airborne vehicle or a spaceborne vehicle as a receiver, or a combination thereof.

[0256] According to an embodiment, a UE may include one or more of the following: a mobile or fixed terminal, an IoT device, a land-based vehicle, an aircraft, a drone, a building, or any other item or device (such as a sensor or actuator) having network connectivity that enables an item / device to communicate using a wireless communication system, or a Wifi non-AP STA (AP=access point, STA=station) (e.g., 802.11ax or 802.11be). According to an embodiment, a base station may include one or more of the following: a macrocell base station, or a small cell base station, or a space-borne vehicle such as a satellite or space, or an airborne vehicle such as an unmanned aerial system (UAS) (e.g., a tethered UAS, a lighter-than-air UAS (LTA), a heavier-than-air UAS (HTA), and a high-altitude UAS platform (HAP)), or any transmission / reception point (TRP) that enables an item or device having network connectivity to communicate using a wireless communication system, or a Wifi AP STA (e.g., 802.11ax or 802.11be).

[0257] Although certain aspects of the described concepts have been described in the context of an apparatus, it is apparent that these aspects also represent a description of a corresponding method, wherein a block or device corresponds to a method step or a feature of a method step. Similarly, aspects described in the context of a method step also represent a description of a corresponding block or item or feature of a corresponding apparatus.

[0258] The various elements and features of the present invention can be implemented in hardware using analog and / or digital circuits, in software by executing instructions by one or more general or special processors, or as a combination of hardware and software. For example, embodiments of the present invention can be implemented in the environment of a computer system or another processing system.

[0259] Fig.13An example of a computer system 500 is shown. The units or modules and the steps of the methods performed by these units can be executed on one or more computer systems 500. The computer system 500 includes one or more processors 502, such as special-purpose or general-purpose digital signal processors. The processor 502 is connected to a communication infrastructure 504, such as a bus or network. The computer system 500 contains a main memory 506 (e.g., random access memory (RAM)) and a secondary memory 508 (e.g., a hard drive and / or a removable storage drive). The secondary memory 508 can allow computer programs or other instructions to be loaded into the computer system 500. The computer system 500 can also include a communication interface 510 that allows software and data to be transmitted between the computer system 500 and external devices. The communication can be in the form of electronic signals, electromagnetic signals, optical signals, or other signals that can be processed by the communication interface. The communication can use wires or cables, optical fibers, telephone lines, cellular phone links, RF links, and other communication channels 512.

[0260] The terms "computer program medium" and "computer readable medium" are generally used to refer to tangible storage media, such as a removable storage unit or a hard disk installed in a hard drive. These computer program products are a means for providing software to the computer system 500. The computer program (also referred to as computer control logic) is stored in the main memory 506 and / or the secondary memory 508. The computer program may also be received via the communication interface 510. The computer program, when executed, enables the computer system 500 to implement the present invention. In particular, the computer program, when executed, enables the processor 502 to implement the process of the present invention, such as any method described herein. Therefore, such a computer program may represent a controller of the computer system 500. In the case of using software to implement the present disclosure, the software may be stored in a computer program product and loaded into the computer system 500 using an interface of a removable storage drive, such as the communication interface 510.

[0261] Hardware or software implementations may be performed using a digital storage medium (e.g., cloud storage, floppy disk, DVD, Blu-ray, CD, ROM, PROM, EPROM, EEPROM, or flash memory) having electronically readable control signals stored thereon, which cooperate (or are capable of cooperating) with a programmable computer system to perform the corresponding method. Therefore, the digital storage medium may be computer readable.

[0262] Some embodiments according to the invention comprise a data carrier having electronically readable control signals, which are capable of cooperating with a programmable computer system, such that the system performs one of the methods described herein.

[0263] Generally, the embodiments of the present invention can be implemented as a computer program product with a program code, when the computer program product runs on a computer, the program code is used to perform one of the methods. The program code can be stored on a machine-readable carrier, for example.

[0264] Other embodiments comprise the computer program for performing one of the methods described herein, stored on a machine readable carrier. In other words, an embodiment of the inventive method is, therefore, a computer program having a program code for performing one of the methods described herein, when the computer program runs on a computer.

[0265] Therefore, another embodiment of the method of the present invention is a data carrier (or digital storage medium, or computer-readable medium) comprising a computer program recorded thereon for performing one of the methods described herein. Therefore, another embodiment of the method of the present invention is a data stream or signal sequence representing a computer program for performing one of the methods described herein. The data stream or the signal sequence can be configured, for example, to be transmitted via a data communication connection (e.g., via the Internet). Another embodiment includes processing means, such as a computer or programmable logic device configured or adapted to perform one of the methods described herein. Another embodiment includes a computer having a computer program for performing one of the methods described herein installed thereon.

[0266] In some embodiments, a programmable logic device (e.g., a field programmable gate array) may be used to perform some or all of the functions of the methods described herein. In some embodiments, a field programmable gate array may collaborate with a microprocessor to perform one of the methods described herein. Typically, these methods are preferably performed by any hardware device.

[0267] The above embodiments are merely illustrative of the principles of the present invention. It should be understood that modifications and changes to the arrangements and details described herein will be apparent to other persons skilled in the art. Therefore, it is intended that the scope of the present invention be limited only by the scope of the forthcoming patent claims, rather than by the specific details presented by the description and explanation of the embodiments herein.

[0268] List of abbreviations and symbols:

[0269] eNB Evolved Node B (3G base station)

[0270] LTE Long Term Evolution

[0271] NR-U New Radio in unlicensed spectrum

[0272] UE User Equipment (User Terminal)

[0273] BS Base Station

[0274] eNB Evolved Node B (base station)

[0275] gNB generates Node B (base station)

[0276] RAN Radio Access Network

[0277] Uu eNB-UE link

[0278] D2D Device to Device

[0279] PC5 UE-UE link / interface for D2D communication using sidelink channel

[0280] IE Information Elements

[0281] V2V Vehicle-to-Vehicle Communication

[0282] V2X Vehicle-to-Everything Communications

[0283] D2D Device to Device

[0284] FDM Frequency Division Multiplexing

[0285] RA Resource Allocation

[0286] SCI Side Link Control Information

[0287] SL Side Link

[0288] sTTI short (shortened) transmission time interval

[0289] PUCCH Physical Uplink Control Channel

[0290] PDCCH Physical Downlink Control Channel

[0291] DMRS Demodulation Reference Signal

[0292] CBR Channel Busy Rate

[0293] COT Channel Occupancy Time

[0294] CWS Contention Window Size

[0295] RtoTx Ready to send

[0296] RtoRx Ready to Receive

[0297] LBT Listen before you speak

[0298] LBR Listen first, receive later

[0299] RSU Roadside Unit

[0300] HARQ Hybrid Automatic Repeat Request

[0301] References:

[0302] [1] Sandra Lagen and Lorenza Giupponi: Listen Before Receive for Coexistence in Unlicensed mmWave Bands.

Claims

1. A first transceiver for a wireless communication system, wherein: In the wireless communication system, a pair of a ready-to-send message and a ready-to-receive message is used for a listen-before-talk (LBT) procedure, and the first transceiver includes: One or more processors configured to: determining, by the first transceiver, information about the occupancy of a transmission channel, sending, by the first transceiver, information about the occupancy of the transmission channel to a second transceiver, wherein, in the absence of receiving a ready-to-send message from the second transceiver that intends to send user data to the first transceiver, the first transceiver determines the information about the occupancy of the transmission channel and sends the information about the occupancy of the transmission channel to the second transceiver, wherein the ready-to-send message is a message that the second transceiver will use to notify the first transceiver that the second transceiver intends to send user data to the first transceiver. 2 . The first transceiver according to claim 1 , wherein the first transceiver is a base station, and wherein the second transceiver is a user equipment.

3. The first transceiver according to claim 2, wherein the first transceiver is the base station, The base station does not receive information about occupancy of another transmission channel from the user equipment. 4 . The first transceiver of claim 1 , wherein the first transceiver is a user equipment, and wherein the second transceiver is a base station. 5 . The first transceiver of claim 1 , wherein the first transceiver is a first user equipment, wherein the second transceiver is a second user equipment.

6. The first transceiver of claim 1, wherein the first transceiver is a first base station; wherein the second transceiver is a second base station.

7. The first transceiver according to claim 1, Wherein if the first transceiver has determined that the transmission channel is occupied or interfered with, the first transceiver does not receive user data from the second transceiver via the transmission channel, wherein the first transceiver considers that the transmission channel is interfered with if a power detection threshold is exceeded or if a known sequence is detected, wherein the exceeding of the power detection threshold is determined by a received signal strength indicator RSSI.

8. The first transceiver according to claim 1, Wherein, if the following conditions are met, the first transceiver receives user data from the second transceiver via the transmission channel: If the first transceiver has indicated that the transmission channel is idle, and if the second transceiver has also determined that the transmission channel is idle.

9. The first transceiver according to claim 1, wherein the first transceiver is a base station, wherein the base station sends a grant in a control region, Wherein the grant instructs the second transceiver where to perform its data transmission.

10. The first transceiver according to claim 1, wherein the first transceiver is a user equipment, wherein the user equipment receives a scheduling assignment in the control region, Wherein the scheduling assignment indicates to the first transceiver where to receive its data transmission.

11. The first transceiver according to claim 1, Wherein the first transceiver sends the information about the occupancy of the transmission channel to the second transceiver in a control message via a control channel.

12. The first transceiver according to claim 11, The control channel is located within resources indicated for data transmission.

13. The first transceiver according to claim 12, The position of the control channel within the resource indicated for data transmission is configured through DCI or RRC signaling or SIB or MIB, or is pre-configured.

14. The first transceiver according to claim 11, The first transceiver sends the control message to the second transceiver via the control channel, wherein if the first transceiver has determined that the transmission channel is undisturbed and idle, the control message indicates that the transmission channel is idle.

15. The first transceiver according to claim 11, Wherein if the first transceiver has determined that the transmission channel is interfered or not idle, the first transceiver does not send any message to the second transceiver via the control channel.

16. The first transceiver according to claim 11, The control channel is an uplink clear channel assessment channel UL-CCA-CH; or the control channel is a downlink clear channel assessment channel DL-CCA-CH; or the control channel is a side link clear channel assessment channel SL-CCA-CH.

17. The first transceiver according to claim 16, The first transceiver is configured such that the first transceiver includes information about at least one of the following: - the maximum time period required to determine whether the transmission channel is undisturbed and idle, - duration of the idle channel signal, - the sequence to be used for idle channel signalling, - User equipment specific sequence, - bandwidth or frequency location of the idle channel signal transmission, - a beam used for transmission of the UL-CCA-CH or the DL-CCA-CH or the SL-CCA-CH, - Duration of a time gap between a control message sent via the UL-CCA-CH or the DL-CCA-CH or the SL-CCA-CH and the transmission of user data in the transport channel.

18. The first transceiver according to claim 16, wherein the existence of the UL-CCA-CH or the DL-CCA-CH or the SL-CCA-CH is dynamically indicated by the base station using an indicator in downlink control information DCI, and / or, wherein the existence of the UL-CCA-CH or the DL-CCA-CH or the SL-CCA-CH is configured via radio resource control signaling, and / or The existence of the UL-CCA-CH or the DL-CCA-CH or the SL-CCA-CH is configured via a system information block SIB or a master information block MIB, and / or The existence of the UL-CCA-CH or the DL-CCA-CH or the SL-CCA-CH is pre-configured.

19. The first transceiver according to claim 11, wherein the first transceiver selects a beam as a suggested beam from the two or more beams used for transmission of user data according to a specific metric in each of the two or more beams used for transmission of user data, The first transceiver indicates the suggested beam to the second transceiver.

20. The first transceiver according to claim 19, The suggested beam is indicated in the control message.

21. The first transceiver according to claim 19, wherein the recommended beam is indicated by using a specific UL-CCA-CH among a plurality of UL-CCA-CHs, wherein each UL-CCA-CH among the plurality of UL-CCA-CHs is associated with a different beam among the two or more beams, or The recommended beam is indicated by using a specific DL-CCA-CH among a plurality of DL-CCA-CHs, wherein each DL-CCA-CH among the plurality of DL-CCA-CHs is associated with a different beam among the two or more beams.

22. The first transceiver according to claim 19, The first transceiver selects the proposed beam from the two or more beams by selecting a beam having the lowest interference among the two or more beams.

23. The first transceiver according to claim 19, The first transceiver selects the proposed beam from the two or more beams by selecting a beam having a highest signal to interference plus noise ratio (SINR) among the two or more beams.

24. The first transceiver according to claim 11, The control message is valid for a plurality of data transmissions within a configured or preconfigured time window or a configured or preconfigured number of consecutive data transmissions of the second transceiver.

25. A first transceiver for a wireless communication system, wherein: In the wireless communication system, a ready-to-send message and a ready-to-receive message pair are used for a listen-before-talk (LBT) procedure, wherein the first transceiver is a base station, the second transceiver is a user equipment, and the first transceiver comprises: One or more processors configured to, when the second transceiver intends to send user data to the first transceiver through a transmission channel: determining, by the first transceiver, information about the occupancy of the transmission channel, sending, by the first transceiver, information about the occupancy of the transmission channel to the second transceiver, Therein, the first transceiver does not receive information about occupancy of another transmission channel from the second transceiver.

26. The first transceiver according to claim 25, Wherein if the first transceiver has determined that the transmission channel is occupied or interfered with, the first transceiver does not receive user data from the second transceiver via the transmission channel, wherein the first transceiver considers that the transmission channel is interfered with if a power detection threshold is exceeded or if a known sequence is detected, wherein the exceeding of the power detection threshold is determined by a received signal strength indicator RSSI.

27. The first transceiver according to claim 25, Wherein, if the following conditions are met, the first transceiver receives user data from the second transceiver via the transmission channel: If the first transceiver has indicated that the transmission channel is idle, and if the second transceiver has also determined that the transmission channel is idle.

28. The first transceiver of claim 25, wherein the first transceiver is a base station, wherein the base station sends a grant in a control region, Wherein the grant instructs the second transceiver where to perform its data transmission.

29. The first transceiver according to claim 25, Wherein the first transceiver sends the information about the occupancy of the transmission channel to the second transceiver in a control message via a control channel.

30. The first transceiver according to claim 29, The control channel is located within resources indicated for data transmission.

31. The first transceiver according to claim 30, The position of the control channel within the resource indicated for data transmission is configured through DCI or RRC signaling or SIB or MIB, or is pre-configured.

32. The first transceiver according to claim 29, The first transceiver sends the control message to the second transceiver via the control channel, wherein if the first transceiver has determined that the transmission channel is undisturbed and idle, the control message indicates that the transmission channel is idle.

33. The first transceiver according to claim 29, Wherein if the first transceiver has determined that the transmission channel is interfered or not idle, the first transceiver does not send any message to the second transceiver via the control channel.

34. The first transceiver according to claim 29, The control channel is an uplink clear channel assessment channel UL-CCA-CH; or the control channel is a downlink clear channel assessment channel DL-CCA-CH; or the control channel is a side link clear channel assessment channel SL-CCA-CH.

35. The first transceiver according to claim 34, The first transceiver is configured such that the first transceiver includes information about at least one of the following: - the maximum time period required to determine whether the transmission channel is undisturbed and idle, - duration of the idle channel signal, - the sequence to be used for idle channel signalling, - User equipment specific sequence, - bandwidth or frequency location of the idle channel signal transmission, - a beam used for transmission of the UL-CCA-CH or the DL-CCA-CH or the SL-CCA-CH, - Duration of a time gap between a control message sent via the UL-CCA-CH or the DL-CCA-CH or the SL-CCA-CH and the transmission of user data in the transport channel.

36. The first transceiver according to claim 34, wherein the existence of the UL-CCA-CH or the DL-CCA-CH or the SL-CCA-CH is dynamically indicated by the base station using an indicator in downlink control information DCI, and / or, wherein the existence of the UL-CCA-CH or the DL-CCA-CH or the SL-CCA-CH is configured via radio resource control signaling, and / or The existence of the UL-CCA-CH or the DL-CCA-CH or the SL-CCA-CH is configured via a system information block SIB or a master information block MIB, and / or The existence of the UL-CCA-CH or the DL-CCA-CH or the SL-CCA-CH is pre-configured.

37. The first transceiver according to claim 29, wherein the first transceiver selects a beam as a suggested beam from the two or more beams used for transmission of user data according to a specific metric in each of the two or more beams used for transmission of user data, The first transceiver indicates the suggested beam to the second transceiver.

38. The first transceiver according to claim 37, The suggested beam is indicated in the control message.

39. The first transceiver according to claim 37, wherein the recommended beam is indicated by using a specific UL-CCA-CH among a plurality of UL-CCA-CHs, wherein each UL-CCA-CH among the plurality of UL-CCA-CHs is associated with a different beam among the two or more beams, or The recommended beam is indicated by using a specific DL-CCA-CH among a plurality of DL-CCA-CHs, wherein each DL-CCA-CH among the plurality of DL-CCA-CHs is associated with a different beam among the two or more beams.

40. The first transceiver according to claim 37, The first transceiver selects the proposed beam from the two or more beams by selecting a beam having the lowest interference among the two or more beams.

41. The first transceiver according to claim 37, The first transceiver selects the proposed beam from the two or more beams by selecting a beam having a highest signal to interference plus noise ratio (SINR) among the two or more beams.

42. The first transceiver according to claim 29, The control message is valid for a plurality of data transmissions within a configured or preconfigured time window or a configured or preconfigured number of consecutive data transmissions of the second transceiver.

43. A second transceiver for a wireless communication system, wherein: In the wireless communication system, a pair of a ready-to-send message and a ready-to-receive message is used for a listen-before-talk (LBT) procedure, and the second transceiver includes: One or more processors configured to: a prepare-to-send message is not sent by the second transceiver to the first transceiver, the prepare-to-send message being a message that the second transceiver will use to notify the first transceiver that the second transceiver intends to send user data to the first transceiver, The information on the occupancy of the transmission channel is received by the second transceiver from the first transceiver without sending the prepare-to-send message for notifying the second transceiver of an intention to send user data to the first transceiver.

44. The second transceiver of claim 43, wherein the second transceiver is a user equipment, wherein the first transceiver is a base station.

45. The second transceiver according to claim 44, wherein the second transceiver is the user equipment, The user equipment does not send information about occupation of another transmission channel to the base station.

46. ​​The second transceiver of claim 43, wherein the second transceiver is a base station, and wherein the first transceiver is a user equipment.

47. The second transceiver of claim 43, wherein the second transceiver is a second user equipment, wherein the first transceiver is a first user equipment.

48. The second transceiver of claim 43, wherein the first transceiver is a first base station; wherein the second transceiver is a second base station.

49. The second transceiver according to claim 43, Wherein if the second transceiver has received information from the first transceiver that the transmission channel is occupied or interfered with, the second transceiver does not send user data to the first transceiver via the transmission channel, wherein if a power detection threshold is exceeded or if a known sequence is detected, the first transceiver considers that the transmission channel is interfered with, wherein the exceeding of the power detection threshold is determined by a received signal strength indicator RSSI.

50. The second transceiver according to claim 43, If the following conditions are met, the second transceiver sends the user data to the first transceiver via the transmission channel: If the first transceiver has indicated to the second transceiver that the transmission channel is idle, and if the second transceiver has also determined that the transmission channel is idle.

51. The second transceiver of claim 43, wherein the first transceiver is a base station, wherein the base station sends a grant in a control region, Wherein the grant instructs the second transceiver where to perform its data transmission.

52. The second transceiver of claim 43, wherein the first transceiver is a user equipment, wherein the user equipment receives a scheduling assignment in the control region, Wherein the scheduling assignment indicates to the first transceiver where to receive its data transmission.

53. The second transceiver according to claim 43, Wherein the second transceiver receives information about the occupancy of the transmission channel from the first transceiver in a control message via a control channel.

54. The second transceiver according to claim 53, The control channel is located within resources indicated for data transmission.

55. The second transceiver according to claim 54, The position of the control channel within the resource indicated for data transmission is configured through DCI or RRC signaling or SIB or MIB, or is pre-configured.

56. The second transceiver according to claim 53, The second transceiver receives the control message from the first transceiver via the control channel, wherein if the first transceiver has determined that the transmission channel is undisturbed and idle, the control message indicates that the transmission channel is idle.

57. The second transceiver according to claim 53, Wherein if the first transceiver has determined that the transmission channel is interfered or not idle, the second transceiver does not receive any message from the first transceiver via the control channel.

58. The second transceiver according to claim 53, The control channel is an uplink clear channel assessment channel UL-CCA-CH; or the control channel is a downlink clear channel assessment channel DL-CCA-CH; or the control channel is a side link clear channel assessment channel SL-CCA-CH.

59. The second transceiver according to claim 58, The second transceiver is configured such that the second transceiver includes information about at least one of the following: - the maximum time period required to determine whether the transmission channel is undisturbed and idle, - the duration of the idle channel signal, - the sequence to be used for idle channel signalling, - User equipment specific sequence, - bandwidth or frequency location of the idle channel signal transmission, - a beam used for transmission of the UL-CCA-CH or the DL-CCA-CH or the SL-CCA-CH, - Duration of a time gap between a control message sent via the UL-CCA-CH or the DL-CCA-CH or the SL-CCA-CH and the transmission of user data in the transport channel.

60. The second transceiver according to claim 58, wherein the existence of the UL-CCA-CH or the DL-CCA-CH or the SL-CCA-CH is dynamically indicated by the base station using an indicator in downlink control information DCI, and / or, wherein the existence of the UL-CCA-CH or the DL-CCA-CH or the SL-CCA-CH is configured via radio resource control signaling, and / or The existence of the UL-CCA-CH or the DL-CCA-CH or the SL-CCA-CH is configured via a system information block SIB or a master information block MIB, and / or The existence of the UL-CCA-CH or the DL-CCA-CH or the SL-CCA-CH is pre-configured.

61. The second transceiver according to claim 53, wherein the second transceiver receives from the first transceiver an indication of a proposed beam among two or more beams for transmission of the user data, wherein selection of the proposed beam depends on a particular metric within each of the two or more beams for transmission of the user data.

62. The second transceiver according to claim 61, The suggested beam is indicated in the control message.

63. The second transceiver according to claim 61, wherein the recommended beam is indicated by using a specific UL-CCA-CH of a plurality of UL-CCA-CHs, wherein each UL-CCA-CH of the plurality of UL-CCA-CHs is associated with a different beam of the two or more beams, or The recommended beam is indicated by using a specific DL-CCA-CH among a plurality of DL-CCA-CHs, wherein each DL-CCA-CH among the plurality of DL-CCA-CHs is associated with a different beam among the two or more beams.

64. The second transceiver according to claim 61, Wherein the proposed beam is a beam among the two or more beams having the lowest interference among the two or more beams.

65. The second transceiver according to claim 61, The proposed beam is a beam with a highest signal to interference plus noise ratio (SINR) among the two or more beams.

66. The second transceiver according to claim 53, The control message is valid for a plurality of data transmissions within a configured or preconfigured time window or a configured or preconfigured number of consecutive data transmissions of the second transceiver.

67. A second transceiver for a wireless communication system, wherein: In the wireless communication system, a ready-to-send message and a ready-to-receive message pair are used for a listen-before-talk (LBT) procedure, wherein the second transceiver is a user equipment, the first transceiver is a base station, and the second transceiver comprises: One or more processors configured to, when the second transceiver intends to send user data to the first transceiver through a transmission channel: receiving, by the second transceiver from the first transceiver, information on the occupancy of the transmission channel, The second transceiver does not send information about occupancy of another transmission channel to the first transceiver.

68. The second transceiver of claim 67, wherein the first transceiver is a base station, wherein the base station sends a grant in a control region, Wherein the grant instructs the second transceiver where to perform its data transmission.

69. The second transceiver according to claim 67, Wherein the second transceiver receives information about the occupancy of the transmission channel from the first transceiver in a control message via a control channel.

70. The second transceiver according to claim 69, The control channel is located within resources indicated for data transmission.

71. The second transceiver according to claim 70, The position of the control channel within the resource indicated for data transmission is configured through DCI or RRC signaling or SIB or MIB, or is pre-configured.

72. The second transceiver according to claim 69, The second transceiver receives the control message from the first transceiver via the control channel, wherein if the first transceiver has determined that the transmission channel is undisturbed and idle, the control message indicates that the transmission channel is idle.

73. The second transceiver according to claim 69, Wherein if the first transceiver has determined that the transmission channel is interfered or not idle, the second transceiver does not receive any message from the first transceiver via the control channel.

74. The second transceiver according to claim 69, The control channel is an uplink clear channel assessment channel UL-CCA-CH; or the control channel is a downlink clear channel assessment channel DL-CCA-CH; or the control channel is a side link clear channel assessment channel SL-CCA-CH.

75. The second transceiver according to claim 74, The second transceiver is configured such that the second transceiver includes information about at least one of the following: - the maximum time period required to determine whether the transmission channel is undisturbed and idle, - the duration of the idle channel signal, - the sequence to be used for idle channel signalling, - User equipment specific sequence, - bandwidth or frequency location of the idle channel signal transmission, - a beam used for transmission of the UL-CCA-CH or the DL-CCA-CH or the SL-CCA-CH, - Duration of a time gap between a control message sent via the UL-CCA-CH or the DL-CCA-CH or the SL-CCA-CH and the transmission of user data in the transport channel.

76. The second transceiver according to claim 74, wherein the existence of the UL-CCA-CH or the DL-CCA-CH or the SL-CCA-CH is dynamically indicated by the base station using an indicator in downlink control information DCI, and / or, wherein the existence of the UL-CCA-CH or the DL-CCA-CH or the SL-CCA-CH is configured via radio resource control signaling, and / or The existence of the UL-CCA-CH or the DL-CCA-CH or the SL-CCA-CH is configured via a system information block SIB or a master information block MIB, and / or The existence of the UL-CCA-CH or the DL-CCA-CH or the SL-CCA-CH is pre-configured.

77. The second transceiver according to claim 69, wherein the second transceiver receives from the first transceiver an indication of a proposed beam among two or more beams for transmission of the user data, wherein selection of the proposed beam depends on a particular metric within each of the two or more beams for transmission of the user data.

78. The second transceiver according to claim 77, The suggested beam is indicated in the control message.

79. The second transceiver according to claim 77, wherein the recommended beam is indicated by using a specific UL-CCA-CH of a plurality of UL-CCA-CHs, wherein each UL-CCA-CH of the plurality of UL-CCA-CHs is associated with a different beam of the two or more beams, or The recommended beam is indicated by using a specific DL-CCA-CH among a plurality of DL-CCA-CHs, wherein each DL-CCA-CH among the plurality of DL-CCA-CHs is associated with a different beam among the two or more beams.

80. The second transceiver according to claim 77, Wherein the proposed beam is a beam among the two or more beams having the lowest interference among the two or more beams.

81. The second transceiver according to claim 77, The proposed beam is a beam with a highest signal to interference plus noise ratio (SINR) among the two or more beams.

82. The second transceiver according to claim 69, The control message is valid for a plurality of data transmissions within a configured or preconfigured time window or a configured or preconfigured number of consecutive data transmissions of the second transceiver.

83. A wireless communication system, wherein: Using a ready-to-send message and a ready-to-receive message pair for a listen-before-talk (LBT) process, the wireless communication system comprises: A first transceiver according to any one of claims 1 to 24, and A second transceiver according to any one of claims 43-66.

84. A wireless communication system in which a pair of ready-to-send messages and ready-to-receive messages are used for a listen-before-talk (LBT) procedure, wherein: The wireless communication system comprises: A first transceiver according to any one of claims 25 to 42, and A second transceiver as described in claims 67-82.

85. A method for operating a wireless communication system, wherein: In the wireless communication system, a ready-to-send message and a ready-to-receive message pair are used for a listen-before-talk (LBT) procedure, wherein the method comprises: determining, by the first transceiver, information about the occupancy of the transmission channel, sending, by the first transceiver, information about the occupancy of the transmission channel to a second transceiver, wherein the determination of the information about the occupancy of the transmission channel and the sending of the information about the occupancy of the transmission channel to the second transceiver are performed by the first transceiver without receiving a prepare-to-send message from the second transceiver that intends to send user data to the first transceiver, the prepare-to-send message being a message that the second transceiver will use to inform the first transceiver that the second transceiver intends to send user data to the first transceiver.

86. A method for operating a wireless communication system, wherein: In the wireless communication system, a ready-to-send message and a ready-to-receive message pair are used for a listen-before-talk (LBT) procedure, and wherein the method comprises: When the user equipment intends to send user data to the base station through the transmission channel: determining, by the base station, information about the occupancy of the transmission channel, sending, by the base station, to the user equipment, information on the occupancy of the transmission channel, The base station does not receive information about occupancy of another transmission channel from the user equipment.

87. A method for operating a wireless communication system, wherein: In the wireless communication system, a ready-to-send message and a ready-to-receive message pair are used for a listen-before-talk (LBT) procedure, wherein the method comprises: a prepare-to-send message is not sent from the second transceiver to the first transceiver, the prepare-to-send message being a message that the second transceiver will use to notify the first transceiver that the second transceiver intends to send user data to the first transceiver, In the case where the second transceiver does not transmit the prepare-to-send message for notifying the second transceiver of an intention to transmit user data to the first transceiver, information on occupancy of a transmission channel is received from the first transceiver.

88. A method for operating a wireless communication system, wherein: In the wireless communication system, a ready-to-send message and a ready-to-receive message pair are used for a listen-before-talk (LBT) procedure, and wherein the method comprises: When the user equipment intends to send user data to the base station through the transmission channel: receiving, at the user equipment, information about the occupancy of the transmission channel from the base station, The user equipment does not send information about occupation of another transmission channel to the base station.

89. A computer program product comprising instructions which, when executed by a computer, cause the computer to perform one or more methods according to any one of claims 85 to 88.

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