A high-isolation waveguide orthogonal mode coupling component with continuously adjustable polarization

Abstract

A high-isolation waveguide orthogonal mode coupling component with continuously adjustable polarization comprises a circular waveguide polarizer, a circular waveguide rotating joint and a common end waveguide port of an orthogonal mode coupler connected in sequence; the horizontal polarization waveguide port of the orthogonal mode coupler is connected to a WR42 waveguide and a resistive filter in sequence, and the vertical polarization waveguide port of the orthogonal mode coupler is connected to a WR28 waveguide; the circumferential relative position of the two ends of the circular waveguide rotating joint is continuously adjustable by 360°; the structure of the orthogonal mode coupler is as follows: a common circular waveguide port, a WR42 horizontal polarization waveguide port and a WR28 waveguide vertical polarization waveguide port are respectively connected to the waveguide transmission section; there are multiple impedance transformation steps in the waveguide transmission section; and the horizontal polarization waveguide port is a coupling slot waveguide port. The invention has a simple assembly structure, excellent technical indicators, and can continuously and accurately adjust the polarization form, which plays a very important role in realizing 360° continuous adjustment of polarization and realizing a high-isolation polarization wave mode.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of microwave satellite communication and radar, and particularly relates to a high-isolation waveguide orthogonal mode coupling component with continuously adjustable polarization. Background Art

[0002] With the continuous development of communication technology, the demand for flexibility of communication mode and high-reliability communication quality is becoming more and more urgent. Microwave millimeter wave satellite communication technology is one of the communication methods to meet this demand. In satellite communication, the polarization mode of the feeder part of the antenna is continuously adjustable and the high isolation between the separated polarized waves is a very important indicator. The continuous adjustment of polarization reflects the flexibility of the system, and the high isolation between polarized waves reflects the sensitivity and stability of the system. If the polarization mode cannot be continuously adjustable, it is very likely that the communication system will be interrupted in the case of external interference. At the same time, if the isolation of polarized waves is not high, the communication will generate its own transmission and reception interference, causing the communication effect of the communication system to be seriously reduced. Therefore, the role of high-isolation waveguide orthogonal mode coupling components with continuously adjustable polarization is becoming more and more important in satellite communication and radar systems. High-isolation waveguide orthogonal mode coupling components with continuously adjustable polarization came into being under such background requirements. Summary of the invention

[0003] The purpose of the present invention is to realize a high-isolation waveguide orthogonal mode coupling component with continuously adjustable polarization. In view of the high communication quality and high stability requirements of current satellite communication systems and radar systems, a waveguide orthogonal mode coupling component with the outstanding advantages of simple structure, low processing complexity, convenient assembly, high technical parameter level, etc. is provided. At the same time, due to the simple assembly structure, the productivity and high qualified rate can be greatly improved, and the reliability of the component is also greatly improved, which can effectively meet the high standard requirements of microwave satellite communication and radar systems, and has a good application prospect in microwave satellite communication and radar systems.

[0004] The present invention proposes a high-isolation waveguide orthogonal mode coupling component with continuously adjustable polarization, which belongs to the field of microwave satellite communication and radar system. It mainly solves the technical problems of continuously adjustable polarization mode of the feeder part of the antenna and high isolation between the horizontal polarization wave and the vertical polarization wave generated in the process.

[0005] A high-isolation waveguide orthogonal mode coupling component with continuously adjustable polarization, comprising:

[0006] 1-Circular waveguide polarizer:

[0007] The circular waveguide polarizer inputs or outputs polarized wave signals through the common port of the circular waveguide. There is a "dovetail" polarization plate inside the circular waveguide, which plays the role of polarization separation and transformation. Small grooves are opened on the circular waveguide walls corresponding to the front and back sides of the circular polarization plate to play a matching role.

[0008] 2-Circular waveguide rotary joint:

[0009] The circular waveguide rotary joint has a rotating shaft inside, which can be adjusted 360° continuously by external manual operation. The circular waveguide polarizer flange is fixed to the circular waveguide rotary joint flange by screws to connect the two. Among them, the flange to flange part of the circular waveguide rotary joint is an inseparable whole, and the active surface 3 of the circular waveguide rotary joint is innovatively used for polarization rotation adjustment, which is an important part of the entire component.

[0010] 3-Orthogonal Mode Coupler:

[0011] The common end flange of the orthogonal mode coupler and the flange of the circular waveguide rotating joint are connected by screws. Horizontal polarization waves and vertical polarization waves are generated at two polarization separation ports of the orthogonal mode coupler through the common port of the orthogonal mode coupler. The horizontal polarization wave is transmitted through the WR42 waveguide, and the vertical polarization wave is transmitted through the WR28 waveguide.

[0012] 4-WR42 curved waveguide:

[0013] The flange of the WR42 curved waveguide is connected to the flange of the horizontal polarization port of the orthogonal mode coupler through screws. The other end flange of the WR42 curved waveguide is connected to the rejection filter. The function of the curved waveguide is to facilitate the installation between the orthogonal mode coupler and the rejection filter.

[0014] 5-stop filter:

[0015] The flanges of the WR42 waveguide and the resistive filter are connected by screws. The resistive filter serves to suppress the vertical polarized waves generated by the WR28 curved waveguide port to achieve high isolation between polarized waves.

[0016] 6-WR28 curved waveguide.

[0017] The flange of the WR28 curved waveguide is directly installed on the flange port of the orthogonal mode coupler. The main function of this waveguide is to extend the output length of the vertical polarization port to facilitate connection with the system.

[0018] There is a "dovetail" polarizer inside the polarizer, which plays the role of polarization separation and conversion. Small grooves are opened on the circular waveguide walls corresponding to the front and back sides of the polarizer.

[0019] The circular waveguide rotating joint has a rotating shaft inside, which can be manually adjusted 360° continuously. The rotating joint is connected to the circular waveguide polarizer through a screw, wherein the polarization adjustment can be performed through the movable surface of the circular waveguide rotating joint;

[0020] The orthogonal mode coupler has multiple impedance transformation steps inside, which transform impedance from the common port to the horizontal polarization port and the vertical polarization port to achieve polarization and impedance matching. The horizontal polarization port couples the horizontal polarization wave through a narrow coupling slit. The orthogonal mode coupler and the circular rotating joint are connected to the flanges of the two by screws, and horizontal polarization and vertical polarization waves are generated at the two output ports of the orthogonal mode coupler respectively.

[0021] The flange of the WR42 curved waveguide is connected to the horizontal polarization port flange of the orthogonal mode coupler through screws. The other end flange of the WR42 curved waveguide is connected to the rejection filter.

[0022] The interior of the resistive filter is a structure in which many slots are opened on the wide side of the WR42 waveguide and the corresponding narrow side is reduced, which plays a role of low-pass filtering. The flanges of the WR42 waveguide and the resistive filter are connected by screws. The resistive filter plays a role in increasing the suppression of the vertical polarized waves generated by the WR28 end, so as to achieve high isolation between polarized waves;

[0023] The main function of the WR28 curved waveguide is to extend the output length of the vertical polarization port to facilitate connection with the system.

[0024] The related accessories include fastening screws.

[0025] The principle and implementation principle of this technical solution are:

[0026] The invention mainly includes the following parts:

[0027] 1. Circular waveguide polarizer. There is a "dovetail" polarizer inside the polarizer, which plays the role of polarization separation and conversion. Small grooves are opened on the circular waveguide walls corresponding to the front and back sides of the polarizer to play a matching role;

[0028] 2. Circular waveguide rotating joint. The circular waveguide rotating joint has a rotating shaft inside, which can be manually adjusted 360° continuously. The rotating joint is connected to the circular waveguide polarizer through screws, and the polarization can be adjusted through the active surface of the circular waveguide rotating joint;

[0029] 3. Orthogonal mode coupler. It includes a common circular waveguide port, a standard WR42 horizontal polarization waveguide port, a standard WR28 waveguide vertical polarization port, and a waveguide transmission section with waveguide cutoff attenuation characteristics that effectively improves isolation. This transmission section plays a certain role in improving isolation. It is also the main mode TE from the circular waveguide. 11 Mode conversion to the other two standard waveguide main modes TE 10 Vertically polarized waves and TE 01 The orthogonal mode is the key part of the horizontal polarization wave. Since the orthogonal mode works in the waveguide frequency range of two different frequency bands, the mutual isolation of the dual waveguide bands will be improved to a certain extent. At the same time, there are multiple impedance transformation steps inside the orthogonal mode coupler, which transforms the impedance from the common port to the horizontal polarization port and the vertical polarization port to achieve the polarization and impedance matching. Among them, the horizontal polarization port couples the horizontal polarization wave through a narrow coupling gap. The orthogonal mode coupler and the circular rotating joint are connected to the flanges of the two by screws, and horizontal polarization and vertical polarization waves are generated at the two output ports of the orthogonal mode coupler respectively.

[0030] 4. WR42 curved waveguide. The flange of the WR42 curved waveguide is connected to the horizontal polarization port flange of the orthogonal mode coupler through screws. The other end flange of the WR42 curved waveguide is connected to the rejection filter.

[0031] 5. Transmission filter. The inside of the transmission filter is a structure in which many slots are opened on the wide side of the WR42 waveguide and the corresponding narrow side is reduced, which plays the role of low-pass filtering. The flanges of the WR42 waveguide and the transmission filter are connected by screws. The transmission filter plays a role in suppressing the vertical polarization waves generated by the WR28 end to achieve high isolation.

[0032] 6. WR28 long curved waveguide. The main function of this waveguide is to extend the output length of the vertical polarization port, which is convenient for connecting with the system. The present invention is divided into the above parts, with a simple assembly structure, excellent technical indicators, convenient continuous and precise adjustment of polarization, and plays a very important role in realizing 360° continuous adjustment of polarization of the system.

[0033] 7. Connecting accessories such as screws are important guarantees for the interconnection of the above six parts.

[0034] Since each part of the assembly is designed separately and exists independently, installation is also an important part of achieving high-performance assemblies.

[0035] The high-isolation waveguide orthogonal mode coupling component with continuously adjustable polarization of the present invention is composed of only six parts, namely, a circular waveguide polarizer, a circular waveguide rotating joint, an orthogonal mode coupler, a WR42 curved waveguide, a resistive filter, and a WR28 curved waveguide. Since the screw fastening connection is adopted, the connection of the entire high-isolation waveguide orthogonal mode coupling component with continuously adjustable polarization is completed. The feature is that the technical difficulties such as the continuously adjustable polarization mode of the feeder part of the antenna and the high isolation between the horizontal polarization wave and the vertical polarization wave generated in the process are mainly solved. It plays an extremely important role in various microwave millimeter wave satellite communications and radar and other electronic equipment. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0036] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of a high-isolation waveguide orthogonal mode coupling component with continuously adjustable polarization from a main perspective in an embodiment;

[0037] Figure 2 yes Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the axial cross-section structure;

[0038] Figure 3 yes Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the left perspective structure;

[0039] Figure 4 yes Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the complete three-dimensional assembly structure;

[0040] Figure 5 It is a schematic diagram of the matching structure of the dovetail polarizer and the circular waveguide polarizer;

[0041] Figure 6 yes Figure 5 Schematic diagram of the top view;

[0042] Figure 7 It is a schematic diagram of multiple impedance transformation steps in the waveguide transmission section of the orthogonal mode coupler;

[0043] In the figure: a circular waveguide polarizer 1, a circular waveguide rotating joint 2, an active surface of a circular waveguide rotating joint 3, an orthogonal mode coupler 4, a WR42 curved waveguide 5, a WR28 curved waveguide 6, a first flange 7 of the circular waveguide polarizer, a second flange 8 of the circular waveguide polarizer, a first flange 9 of the circular waveguide rotating joint, a second flange 10 of the circular waveguide rotating joint, a common end flange 11 of the orthogonal mode coupler, a horizontal polarization port flange 12 of the orthogonal mode coupler, a first flange 13 of the WR42 curved waveguide, a second flange 14 of the WR42 curved waveguide, a first flange 15 of the WR28 curved waveguide, a second flange 16 of the WR28 curved waveguide, a resistive filter 17, a dovetail polarizing plate 18, a groove 19, and a step 20. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0044] The present invention is a high-isolation waveguide orthogonal mode coupling component with continuously adjustable polarization, belonging to the field of microwave millimeter wave satellite communication and radar technology. It mainly solves the technical problem of continuously adjustable polarization mode of the feeder part of the antenna and high isolation between the horizontal polarization wave and the vertical polarization wave generated in the process.

[0045] The technical solution is further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments:

[0046] refer to Figure 1 A high-isolation waveguide orthogonal mode coupling component with continuously adjustable polarization is characterized in that it includes a circular waveguide polarizer 1, a circular waveguide rotating joint 2 and a common port of an orthogonal mode coupler 4 connected in sequence; the horizontal polarization end of the orthogonal mode coupler 4 is connected to a WR42 waveguide 5 and a rejection filter 17 in sequence, and the vertical polarization end of the orthogonal mode coupler 4 is connected to a WR28 waveguide 6.

[0047] The circular waveguide polarizer is internally connected with a dovetail-shaped polarizer;

[0048] The circumferential relative positions of the two ends of the circular waveguide rotating joint 2 are continuously adjustable by 360° to achieve polarization rotation adjustment;

[0049] The structure of the orthogonal mode coupler 4 is as follows: the waveguide transmission section is respectively connected with a common circular waveguide port, a WR42 horizontal polarization waveguide port and a WR28 vertical polarization waveguide port; there are multiple impedance transformation steps in the waveguide transmission section, and impedance transformation is performed from the direction of the common circular waveguide port toward the horizontal polarization port and the vertical polarization port; the horizontal polarization port is a narrow coupling slot;

[0050] Further references Figure 1 to Figure 4 :

[0051] The polarizer has a "dovetail" polarizing plate inside, which plays the role of polarization separation and conversion. Small grooves are opened on the circular waveguide walls corresponding to the front and back sides of the polarizing plate.

[0052] The circular waveguide rotating joint has a rotating shaft inside, which can be manually adjusted 360° continuously. The rotating joint is connected to the circular waveguide polarizer through a screw, wherein the polarization adjustment can be performed through the movable surface of the circular waveguide rotating joint;

[0053] The orthogonal mode coupler includes a common circular waveguide port, a standard WR42 horizontal polarization waveguide port, a standard WR28 waveguide vertical polarization port, and a waveguide transmission section with waveguide cutoff attenuation characteristics that effectively improves isolation. The transmission section plays a certain role in improving isolation. It is also the main mode TE from the circular waveguide. 11 Mode conversion to the other two standard waveguide main modes TE 10 Vertically polarized waves and TE 01The orthogonal mode is the key part of the horizontal polarization wave. Since the orthogonal mode works in the waveguide frequency range of two different frequency bands, the mutual isolation of the dual waveguide bands will be improved to a certain extent. At the same time, there are multiple impedance transformation steps inside, which transform the impedance from the common port direction to the horizontal polarization port and the vertical polarization port to achieve the polarization and impedance matching effect. Among them, the horizontal polarization port couples the horizontal polarization wave through a narrow coupling gap. The orthogonal mode coupler and the circular rotating joint are connected to the flanges of the two by screws, and horizontal polarization and vertical polarization waves are generated at the two output ports of the orthogonal mode coupler respectively;

[0054] The flange of the WR42 curved waveguide is connected to the horizontal polarization port flange of the orthogonal mode coupler through screws. The other end flange of the WR42 curved waveguide is connected to the rejection filter.

[0055] The interior of the resistive filter is a structure in which many slots are opened on the wide side of the WR42 waveguide and the corresponding narrow side is reduced, which plays a role of low-pass filtering. The flanges of the WR42 waveguide and the resistive filter are connected by screws. The resistive filter plays a role in increasing the suppression of the vertical polarized wave generated by the WR28 end to achieve the purpose of high isolation between the two polarized waves (horizontal polarization and vertical polarization);

[0056] The main function of the WR28 curved waveguide is to extend the output length of the vertical polarization port to facilitate connection with the system.

[0057] The related accessories include fastening screws.

[0058] The main feature of the invention is to solve the technical problem of continuously adjustable polarization mode of the feeder part of the antenna and high isolation between the horizontal polarization wave and the vertical polarization wave generated in the process. This is also the outstanding advantage of the invention. The following are the main technical indicators of the high isolation waveguide orthogonal mode coupling component with continuously adjustable polarization designed according to the needs of the system:

[0059] (1) Operating frequency: 17.3-20.2GHz (receiving passband) 27.5-30GHz (transmitting passband)

[0060] (2) Insertion loss: ≤1.2dB

[0061] (3) Port standing wave: ≤1.3

[0062] (4) Transceiver isolation: ≥85dB

[0063] (5) Interface type: transmitting port (WR28), receiving port (WR42), circular waveguide (common port)

[0064] (6) Polarization adjustment: 360° continuous adjustment

[0065] (7) Working temperature: -40℃~+55℃

[0066] (8) Storage temperature: -55℃~+70℃.

Claims

1. A high-isolation waveguide orthogonal mode coupling component with continuously adjustable polarization, characterized in that It includes a circular waveguide polarizer, a circular waveguide rotating joint and a common end waveguide port of an orthogonal mode coupler connected in sequence; the horizontal polarization waveguide port of the orthogonal mode coupler is connected to a WR42 waveguide and a resistive filter in sequence, and the vertical polarization waveguide port of the orthogonal mode coupler is connected to a WR28 waveguide; The circular waveguide polarizer is internally connected with a dovetail-shaped polarizer; The circumferential relative position of the two ends of the circular waveguide rotating joint is continuously adjustable 360° to achieve polarization rotation adjustment; The structure of the orthogonal mode coupler is as follows: the waveguide transmission section is respectively connected with a common circular waveguide port, a WR42 horizontal polarization waveguide port and a WR28 vertical polarization waveguide port; there are multiple impedance transformation steps in the waveguide transmission section, and impedance transformation is performed from the direction of the common circular waveguide port to the direction of the horizontal polarization waveguide port and the vertical polarization waveguide port; the horizontal polarization waveguide port is a coupling slot waveguide port; In the circular waveguide polarizer, a groove is provided on the circular waveguide wall of the circular waveguide polarizer, and the front and back surfaces of the dovetail polarizer of the circular waveguide polarizer correspond to the groove; The waveguide ports at both ends of the circular waveguide polarizer are respectively connected to a first flange of the circular waveguide polarizer and a second flange of the circular waveguide polarizer; The waveguide port at the fixed end of the circular waveguide rotating joint is connected to the first flange of the circular waveguide rotating joint, and the waveguide port at the rotating end of the circular waveguide rotating joint is connected to the second flange of the circular waveguide rotating joint; The common end waveguide port of the orthogonal mode coupler is connected to the common end flange of the orthogonal mode coupler, and the horizontal polarization waveguide port of the orthogonal mode coupler is connected to the horizontal polarization port flange of the orthogonal mode coupler; The waveguide ports at both ends of the WR42 curved waveguide are respectively connected to the first flange of the WR42 curved waveguide and the second flange of the WR42 curved waveguide; the second flange of the WR42 curved waveguide is connected to the resistance filter; the resistance filter is composed of a plurality of structures in which the wide sides of the WR42 waveguide are slotted and the corresponding narrow sides are reduced, which plays a role of low-pass filtering; The waveguide ports at both ends of the WR28 curved waveguide are respectively connected to the first flange of the WR28 curved waveguide and the second flange of the WR28 curved waveguide; The adjacent components are connected in a detachable manner; the adjacent flanges are connected by screws.

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