A radial air dynamic pressure bearing dynamic characteristics testing device and testing method

Abstract

The invention relates to the field of testing technology, and in particular to a radial air dynamic pressure bearing dynamic characteristics testing device and a testing method. The radial air dynamic pressure bearing dynamic characteristics testing device comprises a mechanical system, an air system, a lubricating oil system and a measurement and control system; the mechanical system comprises a casing, a volute, a turbine, a nozzle ring, a bearing casing, two radial bearings, an axial bearing, a rotor, a sensor module and an excitation device; the turbine and the rotor are driven to rotate by the air system, and the excitation device applies a pulling force to the bearing to be tested. When the applied pulling force reaches a critical value, the sensor module detects that the temperature and torque of the bearing to be tested suddenly increase significantly. The pulling force recorded by the measurement and control system at the critical point is the maximum bearing capacity of the bearing to be tested at the speed. The bearing capacity of the bearing to be tested at the maximum speed of the rotor to be tested can be measured by changing the air intake of the air system to adjust the speed of the rotor. The turbine is used to drive the rotor to rotate, so that the maximum speed of the rotor can reach 220,000 rpm, making the test data more comprehensive.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the field of testing technology, and in particular to a radial air dynamic pressure bearing dynamic characteristic testing device and testing method. Background Art

[0002] Gas hydrodynamic bearings are an important supporting technology for the development of rotating machinery into high-end equipment due to their advantages such as no need for lubrication, high efficiency, and high temperature resistance. They are also an important supporting technology for realizing new generation energy sources such as supercritical carbon dioxide cycle power generation, micro gas turbines, ultra-low temperature refrigeration, and deep space nuclear power generation. However, due to the extremely low viscosity and strong compressibility of gas, and the strong nonlinear coupling characteristics of the dual-medium lubrication system composed of elastic support and air film, it is difficult to build a mathematical model with low accuracy. The key technical indicators of gas hydrodynamic bearings such as load-bearing capacity, high temperature performance, stability, and start-stop life require a lot of tests to verify. At present, high-speed motors are generally used to drive the rotors, and rolling bearings are used to support the measurement of various parameters. Due to the limitations of motor speed and radial load capacity, the speed of the test device generally cannot exceed 100,000 rpm, which is difficult to meet the test under all working conditions. Summary of the invention

[0003] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a radial air dynamic pressure bearing dynamic characteristics testing device and testing method, aiming to solve the problem that the existing testing device, when testing air dynamic pressure bearings, has incomplete test data because the rotation speed cannot exceed 100,000 rpm.

[0004] To achieve the above-mentioned object, in a first aspect, the present invention provides a radial air dynamic pressure bearing dynamic characteristics testing device, comprising a mechanical system, an air system, a lubricating oil system and a measurement and control system;

[0005] The mechanical system includes a casing, a volute, a turbine, a nozzle ring, a bearing shell, two radial bearings, an axial bearing, a rotor, a sensor module and an excitation device; the casing has a loading chamber; the volute is fixedly connected to the casing and is located on the inner side of the casing; the turbine is rotationally connected to the volute and is located on the inner side of the volute; the nozzle ring is fixedly connected to the volute and is located inside the volute; the bearing shell is fixedly connected to the casing and is located on the inner side of the casing; the two radial bearings are fixedly connected to the bearing shell and are located on the inner side of the bearing shell respectively; the axial bearing and The bearing shell is fixedly connected and located on the inner side of the bearing shell; the rotor and the turbine are fixedly connected and penetrate the two radial bearings and the axial bearing; the sensor module is fixedly connected to the casing and located on the side of the casing; the excitation device is fixedly connected to the casing and located on one side of the casing; the air system is connected to the volute and the loading chamber and is located on one side of the casing; the lubricating oil system is connected to the bearing shell and is located on one side of the bearing shell; the measurement and control system is electrically connected to the sensor module and the excitation device, respectively, and is located on one side of the sensor module.

[0006] Among them, the sensor module includes a torque sensor, a temperature sensor, a speed sensor and an axis trajectory sensor; the torque sensor is fixedly connected to the casing, electrically connected to the measurement and control system, and located on the side of the casing; the temperature sensor is fixedly connected to the casing, electrically connected to the measurement and control system, and located on the side of the casing; the speed sensor is fixedly connected to the casing, electrically connected to the measurement and control system, and located on the side of the casing; the axis trajectory sensor is fixedly connected to the casing, electrically connected to the measurement and control system, and located on the side of the casing.

[0007] Wherein, the air system includes an air source, a main air pipe, a throttle regulating valve, a vacuum pump, a first air pipe, a positive pressure regulating valve, a second air pipe, a negative pressure regulating valve and a first air pressure sensor; the main air pipe is respectively connected to the air source and the volute, and is located between the air source and the volute; the throttle regulating valve is fixedly connected to the main air pipe and is located on one side of the main air pipe; the vacuum pump is located on one side of the air source; the first air pipe is respectively connected to the vacuum pump and the loading chamber, and is located between the vacuum pump and the loading chamber; the positive pressure regulating valve is fixedly connected to the first air pipe and is located on one side of the first air pipe; the second air pipe is respectively connected to the main air pipe and the loading chamber, and is located between the main air pipe and the loading chamber; the negative pressure regulating valve is fixedly connected to the second air pipe and is located on the side of the second air pipe; the first air pressure sensor is fixedly connected to the casing and is located on the side of the casing.

[0008] Wherein, the air system further includes a second air pressure sensor; the second air pressure sensor is fixedly connected to the casing and is located at a side of the casing.

[0009] Wherein, the air system further includes a third air pressure sensor; the third air pressure sensor is fixedly connected to the casing and is located at a side of the casing.

[0010] In a second aspect, the present invention further provides a method for testing the dynamic characteristics of a radial air dynamic pressure bearing, comprising:

[0011] The main shaft to be tested is fixedly connected to the rotor, the bearing to be tested is sleeved on the main shaft to be tested, and then the sensor module is connected to the bearing to be tested;

[0012] Start the lubricating oil system to deliver lubricating oil to the two radial bearings and the axial bearing;

[0013] Start the air system to drive the turbine and rotor to rotate, so that the rotor reaches the required speed for measurement and the air pressure in the loading chamber reaches the required test pressure;

[0014] Turn on the excitation device to apply tension to the bearing to be tested, gradually increase the tension and record the temperature, torque and axis trajectory of the bearing at different tensions. When the tension increases to a level that the bearing to be tested cannot bear, it will contact and rub against the spindle to be tested. At this time, the sensor module will detect that the temperature and torque of the bearing to be tested suddenly jump up instead of increasing at the same rate as the tension increases during normal operation. The tension recorded by the measurement and control system at the critical point is the maximum load-bearing capacity of the bearing to be tested at this speed and environmental pressure.

[0015] The air intake volume of the air system is changed to adjust the rotor speed and then the test is conducted again until the load-bearing capacity of the bearing to be tested is measured at the maximum speed of the rotor to be tested under the ambient pressure.

[0016] The present invention provides a radial air dynamic pressure bearing dynamic characteristic testing device and testing method, wherein the lubricating oil system is composed of an oil tank, an oil supply pump, an overflow valve, a pressure regulating valve, an oil return pump, a heater and a cooler, wherein the oil supply pump draws the lubricating oil in the oil tank to lubricate two radial bearings and an axial bearing, and the oil return pump draws the lubricating oil back into the oil tank for circulation, and the heater and the cooler are used to adjust the oil temperature; when testing the bearing to be tested, the main shaft to be tested is fixedly connected to the rotor, and then the bearing to be tested is sleeved on the main shaft to be tested, and then the sensor module is connected to the bearing to be tested, and the lubricating oil system is started to deliver the lubricating oil to the two radial bearings and the axial bearing to lubricate the two radial bearings and the axial bearing, and then the air system is started, and the air system provides air that meets the power requirements of the turbine for driving the turbine, so that the turbine and the rotor rotate, and the rotor reaches the required measured speed; the excitation device is a device that can apply excitation to the bearing to be tested, and can adopt a tension cylinder or an exciter, etc., according to the test needs. A selection is made, and the excitation device is turned on to apply tension to the bearing to be tested. When the bearing to be tested cannot withstand the tension, it contacts and rubs with the main shaft to be tested. At this time, the temperature and torque of the bearing to be tested will suddenly increase. The sensor module is composed of multiple sensors. When the sensor module detects that the temperature and torque of the bearing to be tested do not increase in a sudden jump ratio as the tension increases during normal operation, the tension recorded by the measurement and control system at the critical point is the maximum bearing capacity of the bearing to be tested at this speed; the speed of the rotor is adjusted by changing the air intake of the air system and then tested again until the bearing capacity of the bearing to be tested at the maximum speed of the rotor to be tested is measured; the rotor is driven to rotate by a turbine and is directly connected to the main shaft to be tested without a coupling and a speed change device. The specifications of the two radial bearings, the axial bearing and the turbine can be replaced according to the size of the bearing to be tested, so that the maximum speed of the rotor can reach 220,000 rpm, and the take-off speed test under various working conditions within 220,000 rpm and the bearing capacity test at various speeds are realized, so that the test data is more comprehensive. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0017] In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings required for use in the embodiments or the description of the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying creative work.

[0018] Figure 1 It is a structural schematic diagram of a radial air dynamic pressure bearing dynamic characteristics testing device of the present invention.

[0019] Figure 2 is a top view of the mechanical system of the present invention.

[0020] Figure 3 is a cross-sectional view of the mechanical system of the present invention.

[0021] Figure 4 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the mechanical system and the air system of the present invention.

[0022] Figure 5 It is a structural schematic diagram of the lubricating oil system of the present invention.

[0023] Figure 6 It is a flow chart of a method for testing dynamic characteristics of a radial air dynamic pressure bearing of the present invention.

[0024] 1-mechanical system, 2-air system, 3-lubricating oil system, 4-measurement and control system, 5-spindle to be tested, 6-bearing to be tested, 11-casing, 12-volute, 13-turbine, 14-nozzle ring, 15-bearing shell, 16-radial bearing, 17-axial bearing, 18-rotor, 19-sensor module, 21-air source, 22-main air pipe, 23-throttle regulating valve, 24-vacuum pump, 25-first air pipe, 26-positive pressure regulating valve, 27-second air pipe, 28-negative pressure regulating valve Throttle valve, 211-first air pressure sensor, 31-oil tank, 32-fuel supply pump, 33-overflow valve, 34-pressure regulating valve, 35-return oil pump, 36-heater, 37-cooler, 110-excitation device, 111-loading chamber, 191-torque sensor, 192-temperature sensor, 193-speed sensor, 194-axis trajectory sensor, 210-second air pressure sensor, 29-third air pressure sensor, 213-first air filter, 214-second air filter. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0025] The embodiments of the present invention are described in detail below, and examples of the embodiments are shown in the accompanying drawings, wherein the same or similar reference numerals throughout represent the same or similar elements or elements having the same or similar functions. The embodiments described below with reference to the accompanying drawings are mainly aimed at testing the bearing capacity of the bearing, are exemplary, and are intended to be used to explain the present invention, and cannot be understood as limiting the present invention.

[0026] In the description of the present invention, it should be understood that the terms "length", "width", "up", "down", "front", "back", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inside", "outside" and the like indicate positions or positional relationships based on the positions or positional relationships shown in the drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or implying that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore cannot be understood as limiting the present invention. In addition, in the description of the present invention, "multiple" means two or more, unless otherwise clearly and specifically defined.

[0027] See also Figure 1 to Figure 6 , the present invention provides a radial air dynamic pressure bearing dynamic characteristics testing device: comprising a mechanical system 1, an air system 2, a lubricating oil system 3 and a measurement and control system 4;

[0028] The mechanical system 1 includes a casing 11, a volute 12, a turbine 13, a nozzle ring 14, a bearing shell 15, two radial bearings 16, an axial bearing 17, a rotor 18, a sensor module 19 and an excitation device 110; the casing 11 has a loading chamber 111; the volute 12 is fixedly connected to the casing 11 and is located on the inner side of the casing 11; the turbine 13 is rotationally connected to the volute 12 and is located on the inner side of the volute 12; the nozzle ring 14 is fixedly connected to the volute 12 and is located inside the volute 12; the bearing shell 15 is fixedly connected to the casing 11 and is located on the inner side of the casing 11; the two radial bearings 16 are respectively fixedly connected to the bearing shell 15 and are respectively located on the inner side of the bearing shell 15; the axial shaft The bearing 17 is fixedly connected to the bearing shell 15 and is located on the inner side of the bearing shell 15; the rotor 18 is fixedly connected to the turbine 13 and passes through the two radial bearings 16 and the axial bearing 17; the sensor module 19 is fixedly connected to the casing 11 and is located on the side of the casing 11; the excitation device 110 is fixedly connected to the casing 11 and is located on one side of the casing 11; the air system 2 is connected to the volute 12 and to the loading chamber 111 and is located on one side of the casing 11; the lubricating oil system 3 is connected to the bearing shell 15 and is located on one side of the bearing shell 15; the measurement and control system 4 is electrically connected to the sensor module 19 and the excitation device 110 respectively and is located on one side of the sensor module 19.

[0029] In this embodiment, the lubricating oil system 3 is composed of an oil tank 31, an oil supply pump 32, an overflow valve 33, a pressure regulating valve 34, an oil return pump 35, a heater 36 and a cooler 37. The oil supply pump 32 draws the lubricating oil in the oil tank 31 to lubricate the two radial bearings 16 and the axial bearing 17, and the oil return pump 35 draws the lubricating oil back into the oil tank 31 to circulate. The heater 36 and the cooler 37 are used to adjust the oil temperature. When testing the bearing 6 to be tested, the spindle to be tested is fixedly connected to the rotor 18, and the bearing 6 to be tested is then sleeved on the spindle to be tested, and then the sensor module 19 is connected to the bearing 6 to be tested, and the sensor module 19 is started. The lubricating oil system 3 is started to deliver the lubricating oil to the two radial bearings 16 and the axial bearing 17 to lubricate the two radial bearings 16 and the axial bearing 17, and then the air system 2 is started. The air system 2 provides air that meets the power requirements of the turbine 13 to drive the turbine 13, so that the turbine 13 and the rotor 18 rotate, and the rotor 18 reaches the required measurement speed. The air system 2 can also adjust the atmospheric pressure in the loading chamber 111 to place the measured bearing 6 under the working environment pressure required for the test; the excitation device 110 is capable of driving the measured bearing 6 The device for applying excitation can be a tension cylinder or an exciter, etc., which can be selected according to the test needs. The excitation device 110 is turned on to apply tension to the bearing 6 to be tested. When the bearing 6 to be tested cannot withstand the tension, it contacts and rubs with the main shaft 5 to be tested. At this time, the temperature and torque of the bearing 6 to be tested will suddenly increase. The sensor module 19 is composed of multiple sensors. When the sensor module 19 detects that the temperature and torque of the bearing 6 to be tested suddenly increase significantly (that is, it suddenly increases in a jumpy manner instead of increasing in proportion to the increase in tension during normal operation), the tension recorded by the measurement and control system 4 at the critical point is the maximum bearing capacity of the bearing 6 to be tested at this speed. load-bearing capacity; the speed of the rotor 18 is adjusted by changing the air intake of the air system 2 and then the test is carried out until the load-bearing capacity of the bearing 6 to be tested at the maximum speed of the rotor 18 to be tested is measured; the rotor 18 is driven to rotate by the turbine 13 and is directly connected to the main shaft to be tested, without a coupling and a speed change device, and the specifications of the two radial bearings 16, the axial bearing 17 and the turbine 13 can be replaced according to the size of the bearing to be tested, so that the maximum speed of the rotor 18 can reach 220,000 rpm, and the take-off speed test under various working conditions within the speed of 220,000 rpm and the load-bearing capacity test at various speeds are realized, so that the test data is more comprehensive.

[0030] Furthermore, the sensor module 19 includes a torque sensor 191, a temperature sensor 192, a speed sensor 193 and an axis trajectory sensor 194; the torque sensor 191 is fixedly connected to the housing 11, electrically connected to the measurement and control system 4, and located on the side of the housing 11; the temperature sensor 192 is fixedly connected to the housing 11, electrically connected to the measurement and control system 4, and located on the side of the housing 11; the speed sensor 193 is fixedly connected to the housing 11, electrically connected to the measurement and control system 4, and located on the side of the housing 11; the axis trajectory sensor 194 is fixedly connected to the housing 11, electrically connected to the measurement and control system 4, and located on the side of the housing 11.

[0031] In this embodiment, the torque sensor 191 is used to detect the torque of the bearing to be tested 6, the temperature sensor 192 is used to detect the temperature of the bearing to be tested 6, the speed sensor 193 is used to detect the speed of the bearing to be tested 6, and the axial trajectory sensor 194 is used to detect the axial trajectory of the bearing to be tested 6.

[0032] Further, the air system 2 includes an air source 21, a main air pipe 22, a throttle regulating valve 23, a vacuum pump 24, a first air pipe 25, a positive pressure regulating valve 26, a second air pipe 27, a negative pressure regulating valve 28 and a first air pressure sensor 211; the main air pipe 22 is respectively connected to the air source 21 and the volute 12, and is located between the air source 21 and the volute 12; the throttle regulating valve 23 is fixedly connected to the main air pipe 22 and is located on one side of the main air pipe 22; the vacuum pump 24 is located on one side of the air source 21; the first air pipe 25 is respectively connected to the vacuum pump 24 and the loading chamber 111, and is located between the vacuum pump 24 and the loading chamber 111; the positive pressure regulating valve 26 and the first air pipe 25 are fixedly connected , and is located on one side of the first air pipe 25; the second air pipe 27 is respectively connected to the main air pipe 22 and the loading chamber 111, and is located between the main air pipe 22 and the loading chamber 111; the negative pressure regulating valve 28 is fixedly connected to the second air pipe 27 and is located on the side of the second air pipe 27; the first air pressure sensor 211 is fixedly connected to the casing 11 and is located on the side of the casing 11; the air system 2 also includes a second air pressure sensor 210; the second air pressure sensor 210 is fixedly connected to the casing 11 and is located on the side of the casing 11; the air system 2 also includes a third air pressure sensor 29; the third air pressure sensor 29 is fixedly connected to the casing 11 and is located on the side of the casing 11.

[0033] In this embodiment, the air source 21 provides the turbine 13 with air that meets the power requirements of the turbine 13, so that the turbine 13 and the rotor 18 rotate. The throttle control valve 23 is used to adjust the intake amount and control the rotation speed of the rotor 18. The vacuum pump 24, the first air pipe 25, the positive pressure regulating valve 26, the second air pipe 27 and the negative pressure regulating valve 28 cooperate with each other to adjust the air pressure in the loading chamber 111, so as to test the bearing capacity of the bearing 6 to be tested under different air pressure environments; the first air pressure sensor 211 is used to detect the air pressure in the loading chamber 111; the second air pressure sensor 210 is used to detect the air pressure at the inlet of the turbine 13; the third air pressure sensor 29 is used to detect the air pressure at the outlet of the turbine 13.

[0034] Furthermore, the air system 2 also includes a first air filter 213 ; the first air filter 213 is fixedly connected to the main air pipe 22 and is located on one side of the main air pipe 22 .

[0035] In this embodiment, the first air filter 213 is used to filter the air entering the turbine 13 .

[0036] Furthermore, the air system 2 also includes a second air filter 214 ; the second air filter 214 is fixedly connected to the second air pipe 27 and is located on one side of the second air pipe 27 .

[0037] In this embodiment, the second air filter 214 is used to filter the air entering the loading chamber 111 .

[0038] In a second aspect, the present invention further provides a method for testing the dynamic characteristics of a radial air dynamic pressure bearing, comprising:

[0039] S1: The main shaft to be tested is fixedly connected to the rotor 18, and then the bearing 6 to be tested is sleeved on the main shaft to be tested, and then the sensor module 19 is connected to the bearing 6 to be tested;

[0040] The specifications of the rotor 18, the radial bearing 16, and the axial bearing 17 are selected according to the parameters such as the inner diameter, width, design speed, and design maximum speed bearing capacity of the bearing 6 to be tested. In principle, the maximum speed and bearing capacity of the driving rotor system composed of the rotor 18, the radial bearing 16, and the axial bearing 17 are greater than 130% of the indicators of the bearing 6 to be tested. When testing the bearing 6 to be tested, the main shaft to be tested is fixedly connected to the rotor 18, and then the bearing 6 to be tested is mounted on the main shaft to be tested, and then the sensor module 19 is connected to the bearing 6 to be tested.

[0041] S2 starts the lubricating oil system 3 to deliver lubricating oil to the two radial bearings 16 and the axial bearing 17;

[0042] The lubricating oil system 3 is started to deliver the lubricating oil to the two radial bearings 16 and the axial bearing 17 to lubricate the two radial bearings 16 and the axial bearing 17 .

[0043] S3 starts the air system 2 to drive the turbine 13 and the rotor 18 to rotate, so that the rotor 18 reaches the required measurement speed and the air pressure in the loading chamber reaches the required test pressure;

[0044] The air system 2 is started to provide air that meets the power requirement of the turbine 13 to drive the turbine 13, so that the turbine 13 and the rotor 18 rotate, and the rotor 18 reaches the required measurement speed. The air system 2 can also adjust the atmospheric pressure in the loading chamber 111 so that the measured bearing 6 is under the required working environment pressure.

[0045] S4 turns on the excitation device 110 to apply tension to the bearing 6 to be tested, gradually increases the tension and records the temperature, torque and axis trajectory of the bearing 6 to be tested at different tensions. When the tension increases to a level that the bearing 6 to be tested cannot bear, it contacts and rubs with the spindle 5 to be tested. At this time, the sensor module 19 will detect that the temperature and torque of the bearing 6 to be tested suddenly jump and increase in a ratio that does not increase with the increase of tension during normal operation. The tension recorded by the measurement and control system 4 at the critical point is the maximum load-bearing capacity of the bearing 6 to be tested under the speed and environmental pressure.

[0046] The excitation device 110 is a device capable of applying excitation to the bearing 6 to be tested. It can be a tension cylinder or an exciter, etc., which can be selected according to the test needs. The excitation device 110 is turned on to apply tension to the bearing 6 to be tested. When the bearing is operating normally, the bearing temperature-loading tension and the bearing torque-loading tension are both linearly related, and gradually increase at a fixed ratio as the loading tension increases. When the bearing 6 to be tested cannot withstand the tension, it contacts and rubs with the main shaft 5 to be tested. At this time, the temperature and torque of the bearing 6 to be tested will suddenly increase. The sensor module 19 is composed of multiple sensors. When the sensor module 19 detects that the temperature and torque of the bearing 6 to be tested increase, the tension recorded by the measurement and control system 4 at the critical point is the maximum bearing capacity of the bearing 6 to be tested at this speed.

[0047] S5: changing the air intake of the air system 2 to adjust the rotation speed of the rotor 18 and then testing again until the bearing capacity of the bearing 6 to be tested at the maximum rotation speed of the rotor 18 to be tested is measured;

[0048] The rotation speed of the rotor 18 is adjusted by changing the air intake of the air system 2 and the test is performed again until the bearing capacity of the bearing 6 under test at the maximum rotation speed of the rotor 18 under the ambient pressure is measured.

[0049] What is disclosed above is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and it certainly cannot be used to limit the scope of rights of the present invention. Ordinary technicians in this field can understand that all or part of the processes of the above embodiment and equivalent changes made according to the claims of the present invention still fall within the scope of the invention.

Claims

1. A radial air dynamic pressure bearing dynamic characteristics test device, characterized in that: Including mechanical system, air system, lubricating oil system and measurement and control system; The mechanical system includes a casing, a volute, a turbine, a nozzle ring, a bearing shell, two radial bearings, an axial bearing, a rotor, a sensor module and an excitation device; the casing has a loading chamber; the volute is fixedly connected to the casing and is located on the inner side of the casing; the turbine is rotationally connected to the volute and is located on the inner side of the volute; the nozzle ring is fixedly connected to the volute and is located inside the volute; the bearing shell is fixedly connected to the casing and is located on the inner side of the casing; the two radial bearings are fixedly connected to the bearing shell and are located on the inner side of the bearing shell respectively; the axial bearing and The bearing shell is fixedly connected and located inside the bearing shell; the rotor is fixedly connected to the turbine and penetrates the two radial bearings and the axial bearing; the sensor module is fixedly connected to the casing and located on the side of the casing; the excitation device is fixedly connected to the casing and located on one side of the casing; the air system is connected to the volute and the loading chamber and located on one side of the casing; the lubricating oil system is connected to the bearing shell and located on one side of the bearing shell; the measurement and control system is electrically connected to the sensor module and the excitation device respectively and located on one side of the sensor module; The air system includes an air source, a main air pipe, a throttle regulating valve, a vacuum pump, a first air pipe, a positive pressure regulating valve, a second air pipe, a negative pressure regulating valve and a first air pressure sensor; the main air pipe is respectively connected to the air source and the volute, and is located between the air source and the volute; the throttle regulating valve is fixedly connected to the main air pipe and is located on one side of the main air pipe; the vacuum pump is located on one side of the air source; the first air pipe is respectively connected to the vacuum pump and the loading chamber, and is located between the vacuum pump and the loading chamber; the positive pressure regulating valve is fixedly connected to the first air pipe and is located on one side of the first air pipe; the second air pipe is respectively connected to the main air pipe and the loading chamber, and is located between the main air pipe and the loading chamber; the negative pressure regulating valve is fixedly connected to the second air pipe and is located on the side of the second air pipe; the first air pressure sensor is fixedly connected to the casing and is located on the side of the casing; The air system further comprises a second air pressure sensor; the second air pressure sensor is fixedly connected to the housing and is located at a side of the housing; The air system further comprises a third air pressure sensor; the third air pressure sensor is fixedly connected to the casing and is located at a side of the casing.

2. A radial air dynamic pressure bearing dynamic characteristics testing device as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: The sensor module includes a torque sensor, a temperature sensor, a speed sensor and an axis trajectory sensor; the torque sensor is fixedly connected to the casing, electrically connected to the measurement and control system, and located on the side of the casing; the temperature sensor is fixedly connected to the casing, electrically connected to the measurement and control system, and located on the side of the casing; the speed sensor is fixedly connected to the casing, electrically connected to the measurement and control system, and located on the side of the casing; the axis trajectory sensor is fixedly connected to the casing, electrically connected to the measurement and control system, and located on the side of the casing.

3. A radial air dynamic pressure bearing dynamic characteristics testing method, applied to a radial air dynamic pressure bearing dynamic characteristics testing device as claimed in any one of claims 1-2, characterized in that: include: The main shaft to be tested is fixedly connected to the rotor, the bearing to be tested is sleeved on the main shaft to be tested, and then the sensor module is connected to the bearing to be tested; Start the lubricating oil system to deliver lubricating oil to the two radial bearings and the axial bearing; Start the air system to drive the turbine and rotor to rotate, so that the rotor reaches the required speed for measurement and the air pressure in the loading chamber reaches the required test pressure; Turn on the excitation device to apply tension to the bearing to be tested, gradually increase the tension and record the temperature, torque and axis trajectory of the bearing to be tested at different tensions. When the tension increases to a level that the bearing to be tested cannot bear, it will contact and rub against the spindle to be tested. At this time, the sensor module will detect that the temperature and torque of the bearing to be tested suddenly jump up instead of increasing at the same rate as the tension increases during normal operation. The tension recorded by the measurement and control system at the critical point is the maximum load-bearing capacity of the bearing to be tested at this speed and environmental pressure. The air intake volume of the air system is changed to adjust the rotor speed and then the test is conducted again until the load-bearing capacity of the bearing to be tested is measured at the maximum speed of the rotor to be tested under the ambient pressure.

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