Power battery safety monitoring device and vehicle

Abstract

The present disclosure relates to a power battery safety monitoring device and a vehicle to enhance the safety of the vehicle's power battery. The power battery safety monitoring device includes a power supply, a breathing valve, a breathing valve monitoring circuit, a signal processing circuit, and a battery controller. The breathing valve includes a gas inlet channel and a gas outlet channel. The breathing valve monitoring circuit includes a first monitoring branch for monitoring the gas outlet channel, wherein the first monitoring branch disconnects when the gas outlet channel discharges gas. The signal processing circuit is configured to output a first wake-up signal to the battery controller when the first monitoring branch disconnects. The battery controller is configured to collect electrical parameter information of the safety valve connection circuit upon detecting the first wake-up signal and determine whether thermal runaway has occurred in the power battery based on the electrical parameter information.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present disclosure relates to the field of vehicle safety technology, and in particular, to a power battery safety monitoring device and a vehicle. Background Art

[0002] With the development of battery technology, more and more vehicles are beginning to use electricity as a power source. At the same time, power battery safety is a key consideration. Generally, power batteries generate a certain amount of heat when supplying power. Under normal circumstances, this heat does not affect vehicle safety. However, in abnormal situations, such as collisions, overcharging, and internal short circuits, the heat generated by the power battery can cause thermal runaway. When thermal runaway occurs, the power battery undergoes irreversible chemical reactions, producing large amounts of flammable and toxic fumes, which can lead to dangerous situations such as combustion and explosion, posing a threat to the safety of the power battery, vehicle, and passengers.

[0003] Currently, most power battery thermal runaway monitoring methods are simple and single-mode. For example, monitoring via sound, temperature, and pressure is inaccurate and has significant limitations. Furthermore, relying solely on the battery management system to infer battery status through current, voltage, and temperature monitoring can hinder timely access to relevant information, especially in the early stages of thermal runaway. This reduces the time available for safe evacuation of drivers and passengers, and prevents adequate safety assurance. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of the present disclosure is to provide a power battery safety monitoring device and a vehicle to improve the safety of the vehicle's power battery.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, according to a first aspect of the present disclosure, there is provided a power battery safety monitoring device, comprising a power supply for providing power to the power battery safety monitoring device, a breathing valve provided on the power battery, a breathing valve monitoring circuit, a signal processing circuit, and a battery controller;

[0006] The breathing valve includes a gas inlet channel and a gas outlet channel, the gas outside the power battery enters the power battery through the gas inlet channel, and the gas inside the power battery is discharged through the gas outlet channel;

[0007] The breathing valve monitoring circuit includes a first monitoring branch for monitoring the gas exhaust channel, wherein the first monitoring branch is disconnected when the gas exhaust channel exhausts gas;

[0008] The signal processing circuit is used to output a first wake-up signal to the battery controller when the first monitoring branch is disconnected;

[0009] The battery controller is configured to collect electrical parameter information of the safety valve connection circuit when detecting the first wake-up signal, and determine whether thermal runaway occurs in the power battery based on the electrical parameter information.

[0010] Optionally, the gas exhaust channel includes a first one-way valve baffle and a first position limiting device, and when the gas exhaust channel is open, the first one-way valve baffle and the first position limiting device are separated, and when the gas exhaust channel is closed, the first one-way valve baffle and the first position limiting device are connected;

[0011] The gas inlet channel includes a second one-way valve baffle and a second limit device, and when the gas inlet channel is opened, the second one-way valve baffle and the second limit device are separated, and when the gas inlet channel is closed, the second one-way valve baffle and the second limit device are connected.

[0012] Optionally, the gas exhaust passage is provided with a first hinge frame and a first hinge point for connecting the first one-way valve baffle, and one end of the first one-way valve baffle is capable of rotating about the first hinge point, wherein the first one-way valve baffle is abutted against the first limit device under the action of gravity to close the gas exhaust passage;

[0013] The gas inlet channel is provided with a second hinge frame and a second hinge point for connecting the second one-way valve baffle, and one end of the second one-way valve baffle is capable of rotating around the second hinge point, wherein the second one-way valve baffle is abutted against the second limit device under the action of gravity to close the gas inlet channel;

[0014] The gas exhaust channel and / or the gas inlet channel are provided with a sealing strip.

[0015] Optionally, the first one-way valve baffle and the first limiting device both have electrical conductivity;

[0016] The first monitoring branch is connected to the power supply, and the first monitoring branch includes a first switch, the first switch includes a first contact and a second contact, wherein the first contact is connected to the first one-way valve baffle, and the second contact is connected to the first limit device;

[0017] The signal processing circuit includes a first signal processing branch and a signal output branch, the first signal processing branch is disconnected when the first monitoring branch is turned on, and is turned on when the first monitoring branch is disconnected, the signal output branch is used to output the first wake-up signal when the first signal processing branch is turned on, wherein the signal output branch has an input end and an output end, the input end is connected to the first signal processing branch, and the output end is used to output the first wake-up signal when the first monitoring branch is disconnected.

[0018] Optionally, the second one-way valve baffle and the second limiting device both have electrical conductivity;

[0019] The breathing valve monitoring circuit further includes a second monitoring branch for monitoring the gas inlet channel, wherein the second monitoring branch is disconnected when the gas passes through the gas inlet channel;

[0020] The second monitoring branch is connected to the power supply, and the second monitoring branch includes a second switch, and the second switch includes a third contact and a fourth contact, wherein the third contact is connected to the second one-way valve baffle, and the fourth contact is connected to the second limit device;

[0021] The signal processing circuit includes a second signal processing branch and a signal output branch, the second signal processing branch is disconnected when the second monitoring branch is turned on, and is turned on when the second monitoring branch is disconnected, and the signal output branch is used to output a second wake-up signal when the second signal processing branch is turned on, wherein the signal output branch has an input end and an output end, the input end is connected to the second signal processing branch, and the output end is used to output the second wake-up signal when the second monitoring branch is disconnected.

[0022] Optionally, the battery controller includes an electrical parameter acquisition component and an environmental information acquisition component;

[0023] The battery controller is configured to, when detecting the first wake-up signal or the second wake-up signal, collect electrical parameter information of the first monitoring branch through the electrical parameter acquisition component, and obtain environmental information of the environment in which the power battery is located through the environmental information acquisition component, and determine whether thermal runaway occurs in the power battery based on the electrical parameter information and the environmental information.

[0024] Optionally, the battery controller is configured to collect the electrical parameter information and the environmental information at a first collection frequency as the first information when the first wake-up signal or the second wake-up signal is detected, and determine whether thermal runaway occurs in the power battery based on the first information, wherein the first collection frequency is greater than a preset frequency;

[0025] The battery controller is also used to collect the electrical parameter information and the environmental information at a second collection frequency as second information when the first wake-up signal and the second wake-up signal are not detected, and to determine whether the power battery safety monitoring device can work normally based on the second information, wherein the second collection frequency is less than the preset frequency.

[0026] According to a second aspect of the present disclosure, a vehicle is provided, comprising the power battery safety monitoring device described in the first aspect of the present disclosure.

[0027] Optionally, the vehicle further includes:

[0028] The thermal runaway processing component is used to perform thermal runaway fault processing when it is determined that the power battery has thermal runaway.

[0029] Optionally, the power battery safety monitoring device includes a gas inlet channel, and the gas inlet channel includes a second one-way valve baffle;

[0030] The vehicle also includes a locking device, which includes a motor and a locking rod. The locking rod can extend or retract with the movement of the cam structure in the motor. In addition, the locking device is used to control the cam structure of the motor when it is determined that thermal runaway has occurred in the power battery, so that the locking rod extends and locks the second one-way valve baffle.

[0031] According to the above technical solution, a power battery safety monitoring device includes a power supply for providing power to the power battery safety monitoring device, a breathing valve disposed on the power battery, a breathing valve monitoring circuit, a signal processing circuit, and a battery controller. The breathing valve includes a gas inlet channel and a gas outlet channel. Gas from outside the power battery enters the power battery through the gas inlet channel, and gas from the power battery is discharged through the gas outlet channel. The breathing valve monitoring circuit includes a first monitoring branch for monitoring the gas outlet channel. The first monitoring branch is disconnected when the gas outlet channel discharges gas. The signal processing circuit is configured to output a first wake-up signal to the battery controller when the first monitoring branch is disconnected. The battery controller is configured to collect electrical parameter information of the safety valve connection circuit upon detecting the first wake-up signal and determine whether the power battery has experienced thermal runaway based on the electrical parameter information. Thus, by monitoring the gas flow through the breathing valve through the breathing valve monitoring circuit, the discharge of internal gas from the power battery can be detected in a timely manner. This allows for faster confirmation of whether the power battery has experienced thermal runaway and enables timely detection at the early stages of thermal runaway, facilitating faster early warning and timely implementation of protective measures, thus buying more time for drivers and passengers.

[0032] Other features and advantages of the present disclosure will be described in detail in the following detailed description. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0033] The accompanying drawings are used to provide a further understanding of the present disclosure and constitute a part of the specification. Together with the following detailed description, they are used to explain the present disclosure but do not constitute a limitation of the present disclosure. In the accompanying drawings:

[0034] Figure 1is a block diagram of a power battery safety monitoring device provided according to an embodiment of the present disclosure;

[0035] Figure 2 This is an exemplary schematic diagram of a breathing valve in the power battery safety monitoring device provided by the present disclosure;

[0036] Figure 3 is another exemplary schematic diagram of a breathing valve in the power battery safety monitoring device provided by the present disclosure;

[0037] Figure 4 This is an exemplary schematic diagram of the installation position of the breathing valve on the power battery in the power battery safety monitoring device provided by the present disclosure;

[0038] Figure 5 is a circuit diagram of a power battery safety monitoring device provided according to an embodiment of the present disclosure;

[0039] Figure 6 is a block diagram of a vehicle provided according to one embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0040] Description of Reference Numerals

[0041] Power battery safety monitoring device 100 Power supply 110

[0042] Breathing valve 120 Breathing valve monitoring circuit 130

[0043] Signal processing circuit 140 Battery controller 150

[0044] Gas inlet channel 121 Gas outlet channel 122

[0045] Second one-way valve baffle 1211 Second limiting device 1212

[0046] Waterproof and breathable membrane 1213 Locking device 1214

[0047] First one-way valve baffle 1221 First limit device 1222

[0048] First monitoring branch 131 First switch K1

[0049] First signal processing branch 141 Signal output branch 142

[0050] Second monitoring branch 132 Second switch K2

[0051] Second signal processing branch 143 DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0052] The following describes the specific embodiments of the present disclosure in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are only used to illustrate and explain the present disclosure and are not intended to limit the present disclosure.

[0053] Before introducing the solution of the present disclosure, a brief introduction to the devices involved in the solution of the present disclosure is first given.

[0054] A power battery is composed of multiple small cells, each of which is also called a cell. The electrodes of each cell are connected in series and / or parallel to meet the vehicle's power battery voltage, discharge current, capacity, and other requirements. The cell's casing is a sealed metal structure that isolates the battery materials inside from the outside air.

[0055] In the process of designing and manufacturing power batteries, in order to prevent the sealed metal shell from exploding, a safety valve is configured for each battery cell as an explosion-proof barrier. Therefore, there is a raised safety valve port on one side of the metal shell of the battery cell, through which the electrolyte can be added to the battery. A groove is provided near the safety valve port on the side of the battery cell so that the safety valve cover can be fixed and installed in the slot position after installation. A sealing gasket is provided inside the safety valve cover so that a complete seal can be formed through the sealing gasket after the safety valve cover is installed. When gas is generated inside the battery cell, the gas will generate high pressure in the sealed metal shell. When the safety valve is pushed by the pressure, it will open and release the high gas pressure inside the metal shell to avoid an explosion. At this time, due to the release of gas in the battery cell, the internal pressure of the power battery increases, and these gases need to be discharged from the power battery to avoid a more serious explosion.

[0056] Figure 1 FIG is a block diagram of a power battery safety monitoring device provided according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. Figure 1 As shown, the power battery safety monitoring device 100 includes a power supply 110 for providing power to the power battery safety monitoring device 100 , a breathing valve 120 provided on the power battery, a breathing valve monitoring circuit 130 , a signal processing circuit 140 and a battery controller 150 .

[0057] The breathing valve 120 includes a gas inlet channel 121 and a gas outlet channel 122. Gas outside the power battery enters the power battery through the gas inlet channel, and gas inside the power battery is discharged through the gas outlet channel.

[0058] The breathing valve monitoring circuit 130 includes a first monitoring branch 131 for monitoring the gas exhaust channel 122, wherein the first monitoring branch 131 is disconnected when the gas exhaust channel 122 exhausts gas;

[0059] The signal processing circuit 140 is configured to output a first wake-up signal to the battery controller 150 when the first monitoring branch 131 is disconnected;

[0060] The battery controller 150 is configured to collect electrical parameter information of the safety valve connection circuit when the first wake-up signal is detected, and determine whether thermal runaway occurs in the power battery based on the electrical parameter information.

[0061] The battery controller 150 may be a power battery management system (BMS, Battery Management System).

[0062] Optionally, the gas exhaust channel 122 may include a first one-way valve baffle 1221 and a first position limiting device 1222. When the gas exhaust channel 122 is open, the first one-way valve baffle 1221 and the first position limiting device 1222 are separated, and when the gas exhaust channel 122 is closed, the first one-way valve baffle 1221 and the first position limiting device 1222 are connected. For example, the gas exhaust channel 122 may be as follows: Figure 2 shown.

[0063] Optionally, a first hinge frame A1 and a first hinge point A2 may be provided in the gas exhaust passage 122 for connecting to a first one-way valve baffle 1221. One end of the first one-way valve baffle 1221 can rotate about the first hinge point A2. Under the action of gravity, the first one-way valve baffle 1221 automatically abuts against the first position limiting device 1222, at which point the gas exhaust passage 122 is closed. When gas needs to be exhausted from the power battery, the first one-way valve baffle 1221 is pushed open by the pressure of the gas inside the power battery, separating from the first position limiting device 1222. At this point, the gas exhaust passage 122 is opened. Therefore, based on the above-mentioned characteristics of the gas exhaust passage 122, the connection between the first one-way valve baffle 1221 and the first position limiting device 1222 can be used to determine whether gas is being exhausted from the gas exhaust passage 122.

[0064] Optionally, to ensure the tightness of the gas exhaust channel 122 when it is closed, a sealing strip A3 may be provided in the gas exhaust channel 122. For example, the sealing strip A3 may be provided on the first one-way valve baffle 1221. For another example, the sealing strip A3 may be provided based on the positions of the first hinge point A2 and the first stopper 1222. If the sealing strip A3 is secured by the first hinge point A2 (or the first hinge frame A1) and the first stopper 1222, the sealing strip A3 may be annular, with its size designed based on the edge of the first one-way valve baffle 1221. This allows for a good sealing effect when the first one-way valve baffle 1221 and the first stopper 1222 are in contact. When the first one-way valve baffle 1221 and the first stopper 1222 are separated, gas may be discharged through the center portion enclosed by the sealing strip A3. For example, the sealing strip A3 may be made of rubber.

[0065] Figure 2 A schematic diagram is shown when the gas exhaust channel 122 is closed. Figure 3 Schematic diagram showing the gas discharge channel 122 is opened, and Figure 3 It can be seen that the sealing strip A3 is fixed by the first hinge point A2 (or the first hinge frame A1) and the first limit device 1222, rather than being fixed on the first one-way valve baffle 1221. Figure 2 and Figure 3 , the basic structure of the gas exhaust channel 122 is also shown, including the vent hole B1, the support rod B2 and the baffle B3.

[0066] Optionally, the gas inlet channel 121 may include a second one-way valve baffle 1211 and a second limiter 1212. When the gas inlet channel 121 is open, the second one-way valve baffle 1211 and the second limiter 1212 are separated, and when the gas inlet channel 121 is closed, the second one-way valve baffle 1211 and the second limiter 1212 are connected. For example, the gas inlet channel 121 may be as follows: Figure 2 shown.

[0067] Optionally, a second hinge frame A4 and a second hinge point A5 may be provided in the gas inlet channel 121 for connecting a second one-way valve baffle 1211. One end of the second one-way valve baffle 1211 can rotate about the second hinge point A5. Under the action of gravity, the second one-way valve baffle 1211 automatically fits into the second limiter 1212, at which point the gas inlet channel 121 is closed. When gas from outside the power battery enters the power battery, the second one-way valve baffle 1211 is pushed open by the pressure of the gas outside the power battery, separating from the second limiter 1212. At this point, the gas inlet channel 121 is opened. Therefore, based on the above-mentioned characteristics of the gas inlet channel 121, whether gas has entered the gas inlet channel 121 can be determined by the connection between the second one-way valve baffle 1211 and the second limiter 1212.

[0068] Optionally, to ensure a tight seal when the gas inlet channel 121 is closed, a sealing strip A6 may be provided in the gas inlet channel 121. For example, the sealing strip A6 may be provided on the second one-way valve baffle 1211. For another example, the sealing strip A6 may be provided based on the position of the second hinge point A5 and the second stopper 1212. If the sealing strip A6 is secured to the second hinge point A5 (or the second hinge frame A4) and the second stopper 1212, the sealing strip A6 may be annular, with its size designed based on the edge of the second one-way valve baffle 1211. This allows for a good sealing effect when the second one-way valve baffle 1211 and the second stopper 1212 are in contact. When the second one-way valve baffle 1211 and the second stopper 1212 are separated, gas may enter through the center portion enclosed by the sealing strip A6. For example, the sealing strip A6 may be made of rubber.

[0069] Figure 2 Schematic diagram showing when the gas inlet channel 121 is closed. Figure 3 Schematic diagram showing the gas inlet channel 121 when it is open, and Figure 3 It can be seen from the figure that the sealing strip A6 is fixed via the second hinge point A5 (or the second hinge frame A4) and the second limiting device 1212, rather than being fixed on the second one-way valve baffle 1211.

[0070] Optionally, the gas inlet channel 121 may further include a water-proof and breathable membrane 1213 for filtering out moisture from the gas to be introduced into the power battery, thereby ensuring that the gas entering the power battery is dry and the power battery is safe.

[0071] At the same time, Figure 2 and Figure 3 , the basic structure of the gas inlet channel 121 is also shown, including the vent B4, the support rod B5 and the baffle B6.

[0072] For example, the breathing valve 120 can be installed at the power battery as follows: Figure 4 As shown, B0 is a cell included in the power battery. Each cell is provided with a safety valve. When the battery is at risk of thermal runaway, the safety valve on the cell may open. At this time, the internal air pressure of the power battery increases, causing the gas exhaust channel 122 to open. Referring to this feature, it can assist in judging the thermal runaway of the power battery.

[0073] As described above, whether gas is discharged from the gas discharge channel 122 can be determined by the connection state between the first one-way valve baffle 1221 and the first limiting device 1222 .

[0074] Optionally, the first one-way valve baffle 1221 and the first limit device 1222 can be made of a conductive material, and the two can be connected to the first monitoring branch 131. The on-off state of the circuit where the first one-way valve baffle 1221 and the first limit device 1222 are located is detected through the first monitoring branch 131 to determine whether gas is discharged from the gas exhaust channel 122.

[0075] Optionally, the first monitoring branch 131 is connected to the power supply 110, and the first monitoring branch 131 includes a first switch K1, and the first switch K1 may include a first contact and a second contact, wherein the first contact is connected to the first one-way valve baffle 1221, and the second contact is connected to the first limiting device 1222. Thus, when the first one-way valve baffle 1221 is connected to the first limiting device 1222 (no gas is discharged from the power battery), it is equivalent to the first switch K1 being closed, and when the first one-way valve baffle 1221 is separated from the first limiting device 1222 (gas is discharged from the power battery), it is equivalent to the first switch K1 being disconnected. In addition, the first monitoring branch 131 may also be connected to a resistor R1 to act as a voltage divider. The circuit diagram of the first monitoring branch 131 may be as follows: Figure 5 shown.

[0076] Optionally, the signal processing circuit 140 may include a first signal processing branch 141 and a signal output branch 142. The first signal processing branch 141 is disconnected when the first monitoring branch 131 is turned on, and is turned on when the first monitoring branch 131 is turned off. The signal output branch 142 is configured to output a first wake-up signal when the first signal processing branch 141 is turned on. The signal output branch 142 has an input terminal Input and an output terminal Output, wherein the input terminal Input is connected to the first signal processing branch 141, and the output terminal Output is configured to output the first wake-up signal.

[0077] Alternatively, as Figure 5As shown, the first signal processing branch 141 may include a first N-type MOS transistor Q1 and a first diode P1, wherein the gate of the first N-type MOS transistor Q1 is connected to the first switch K1, the drain of the first N-type MOS transistor Q1 is connected to the power supply 110, the source of the first N-type MOS transistor Q1 is grounded, the cathode of the first diode P1 is connected to the drain of the first N-type MOS transistor Q1, and the anode of the first diode P1 is connected to the input end Input of the signal output branch 142.

[0078] In addition, in order to ensure circuit safety, a resistor may be provided at an appropriate position of the first signal processing branch 141. Figure 5 For example, the drain of the first N-type MOS transistor Q1 can be connected to the power supply 110 through the resistor R3, the source of the first N-type MOS transistor Q1 can be grounded through the resistor R4, and the anode of the first diode P1 can be connected to the input end Input of the signal output branch 142 through the resistor R7.

[0079] Optionally, the signal output branch 142 may include a third N-type MOS transistor Q3, the gate of the third N-type MOS transistor Q3 is the input end of the signal output branch 142, the drain of the third N-type MOS transistor Q3 is connected to the power supply 110, the source of the third N-type MOS transistor Q3 is grounded, and the signal output branch 142 outputs the first wake-up signal at the source of the third N-type MOS transistor Q3.

[0080] In order to ensure the safety of the circuit, a resistor can be set at an appropriate position of the signal output branch 142, for example, Figure 5 , the source of the third N-type MOS transistor Q3 can be grounded through the resistor R10.

[0081] exist Figure 5 In the circuit shown, if gas is discharged through the gas discharge channel 122, the first switch K1 is turned off, the first N-type MOS transistor Q1 is turned on, and thus the third N-type MOS transistor Q3 is turned on, and the output terminal Output outputs the first wake-up signal.

[0082] Through the above solution, the breathing valve monitoring circuit and signal processing circuit can monitor the gas flow status of the gas exhaust channel and confirm whether gas is being discharged from the power battery, which is conducive to quickly determining whether the power battery is in thermal runaway. Furthermore, the battery controller 150 can also perform further processing based on the first wake-up signal output by the output terminal Output, for example, to determine whether the power battery is in thermal runaway. The further processing of the battery controller 150 based on the first wake-up signal will be described in detail later.

[0083] Optionally, the breathing valve monitoring circuit 130 may further include a second monitoring branch 132 for monitoring the gas inlet channel 121 , wherein the second monitoring branch 132 is disconnected when the gas passes through the gas inlet channel 121 .

[0084] Optionally, if the second one-way valve baffle 1211 and the second limit device 1212 are made of conductive materials, the two can be connected to the second monitoring branch 132, and the on-off state of the circuit where the second one-way valve baffle 1211 and the second limit device 1212 are located can be detected through the second monitoring branch 132 to determine whether there is gas entering the power battery through the gas inlet channel 121.

[0085] Among them, the second monitoring branch 132 is connected to the power supply 110, and the second monitoring branch 132 includes a second switch K2, and the second switch K2 includes a third contact and a fourth contact, wherein the third contact is connected to the second one-way valve baffle 1211, and the fourth contact is connected to the second limiting device 1212. Thus, when the second one-way valve baffle 1211 is connected to the second limiting device 1212 (no gas enters the power battery), it is equivalent to the second switch K2 being closed, and when the second one-way valve baffle 1211 is separated from the second limiting device 1212 (gas enters the power battery), it is equivalent to the second switch K2 being disconnected. In addition, the second monitoring branch 132 can also be connected to a resistor R2 to act as a voltage divider. The circuit diagram of the second monitoring branch 132 can be as follows Figure 5 shown.

[0086] Optionally, the signal processing circuit 140 may include a second signal processing branch 143 and a signal output branch 142. The second signal processing branch 143 is disconnected when the second monitoring branch 132 is turned on, and is turned on when the second monitoring branch 132 is disconnected. The signal output branch 142 is used to output a second wake-up signal when the second signal processing branch 143 is turned on. The signal output branch 142 has an input terminal Input and an output terminal Output, the input terminal Input is connected to the second signal processing branch 143, and the output terminal Output is used to output the second wake-up signal. The structure of the signal output branch 142 has been described above and will not be repeated here.

[0087] It should be noted that the signal output branch 142 has the same principle of outputting the first wake-up signal and the second wake-up signal. The first wake-up signal and the second wake-up signal are essentially signals of the same signal form. Here, the first and second are used to distinguish the wake-up signals caused by different reasons. Among them, the first wake-up signal is output by the signal output branch 142 when the first monitoring branch 131 is disconnected, and the second wake-up signal is output by the signal output branch 142 when the second monitoring branch 132 is disconnected.

[0088] Alternatively, as Figure 5 As shown, the second signal processing branch 143 may include a second N-type MOS transistor Q2 and a second diode P2, wherein the gate of the second N-type MOS transistor Q2 is connected to the second switch K2, the drain of the second N-type MOS transistor Q2 is connected to the power supply 110, the source of the second N-type MOS transistor Q2 is grounded, the cathode of the second diode P2 is connected to the drain of the second N-type MOS transistor Q2, and the anode of the second diode P2 is connected to the input end Input of the signal output branch 142.

[0089] In addition, in order to ensure circuit safety, a resistor may be provided at an appropriate position of the second signal processing branch 143. Figure 5 For example, the drain of the second N-type MOS transistor Q2 can be connected to the power supply 110 through the resistor R5, the source of the second N-type MOS transistor Q2 can be grounded through the resistor R6, and the anode of the second diode P2 can be connected to the input end Input of the signal output branch 142 through the resistor R8.

[0090] exist Figure 5 In the circuit shown, if gas enters the power battery through the gas inlet channel 121, the second switch K2 is turned off, the second N-type MOS transistor Q2 is turned on, and thus the third N-type MOS transistor Q3 is turned on, and the output terminal Output outputs the second wake-up signal.

[0091] Through the above solution, the breathing valve monitoring circuit and signal processing circuit can monitor the gas flow status of the gas inlet channel and confirm whether gas is entering the power battery from the outside. Furthermore, the battery controller 150 can also perform further processing based on the second wake-up signal output by the output terminal Output, for example, to determine whether the power battery has experienced thermal runaway. The further processing of the battery controller 150 based on the second wake-up signal will be described in detail later.

[0092] Optionally, the battery controller 150 may include an electrical parameter acquisition component and an environmental information acquisition component. When the first wake-up signal or the second wake-up signal is detected, the battery controller 150 is configured to acquire electrical parameter information of the first monitoring branch 131 through the electrical parameter acquisition component, and acquire environmental information of the environment in which the power battery is located through the environmental information acquisition component, and determine whether thermal runaway occurs in the power battery based on the electrical parameter information and the environmental information. For example, Figure 5 The collection point AD1 shown in FIG collects the electrical parameter information of the first monitoring branch 131 .

[0093] If the battery controller detects the first or second wake-up signal, it indicates that gas is flowing through the breathing valve. This may be caused by gas flowing into the power battery or out of the power battery. Therefore, it is necessary to further confirm the gas flow status of the breathing valve. Therefore, the battery controller 150 can collect electrical parameter information (e.g., voltage, temperature) of the first monitoring branch 131 through the electrical parameter acquisition component to determine the cause of the triggering of the first or second wake-up signal, and further determine whether the power battery is in thermal runaway.

[0094] At the same time, changes in ambient temperature, altitude, and other factors can easily cause an imbalance in the internal and external pressure of the power battery, leading to gas flowing into or out of the power battery through the breathing valve. This does not constitute thermal runaway. Therefore, the environmental information acquisition component can further obtain current environmental information to determine whether the power battery has experienced thermal runaway. The environmental information can include factors that cause an imbalance in the internal and external pressure of the power battery, such as temperature and altitude.

[0095] Among them, the battery controller 150 can first determine whether the environmental information has changed compared to before through the environmental information obtained by the environmental information acquisition component. If it has changed, the electrical parameter information of the first monitoring branch 131 collected by the electrical parameter acquisition component can be used to determine whether the voltage at the collection point AD1 (or the power battery cell temperature) is abnormal. If there is no abnormality, it means that the gas flow of the power battery is caused by environmental changes, not thermal runaway, so monitoring can continue; and if the voltage at the collection point AD1 (or the power battery cell temperature) is abnormal, it means that the environmental change has caused the battery abnormality, but it is not thermal runaway, so the power battery can be cooled (for example, turning on the air conditioner for cooling). If the environmental information has not changed compared to before, the electrical parameter information of the first monitoring branch 131 collected by the electrical parameter acquisition component can be used to determine whether the voltage at the collection point AD1 (or the power battery cell temperature) is abnormal. If there is no abnormality, continue monitoring; if there is an abnormality in the voltage (or power battery cell temperature) at the collection point AD1, it means that the gas flow is not caused by the environment, and thermal runaway is very likely to have occurred. Therefore, the battery controller 150 can determine that the battery has thermal runaway.

[0096] Optionally, the battery controller 150 can be used to collect electrical parameter information of the first monitoring branch 131 through the electrical parameter collection component according to the first collection frequency when the first wake-up signal or the second wake-up signal is detected, and obtain environmental information of the environment in which the power battery is located through the environmental information acquisition component, and determine whether the power battery has thermal runaway based on the electrical parameter information and the environmental information. The first collection frequency is higher than the preset frequency. That is, if the battery controller 150 detects the first wake-up signal or the second wake-up signal, it is necessary to determine whether the power battery has thermal runaway as soon as possible. Therefore, the electrical parameter information and environmental information can be collected at a high frequency to determine the judgment result as soon as possible, thereby facilitating a more rapid output of the judgment result for thermal runaway and facilitating relevant personnel to take treatment measures. For example, at the first collection frequency, the battery controller 150 can collect the above parameters at an interval of 10ms to achieve high-frequency collection.

[0097] In addition, if the battery controller 150 does not detect the first wake-up signal and does not detect the second wake-up signal at the same time, it can collect electrical parameter information of the first monitoring branch 131 through the electrical parameter collection component at a second collection frequency (lower than the preset frequency) and obtain environmental information of the power battery environment through the environmental information acquisition component, or not collect any information to save energy consumption of the power battery safety monitoring device and reduce CPU load. For example, at the second collection frequency, the battery controller 150 can collect the above parameters at intervals of 10s (or 30s, 60s, etc.) to achieve low-frequency collection.

[0098] When the battery controller 150 does not detect the first wake-up signal and the second wake-up signal, the electrical parameter information and environmental information of the breathing valve monitoring circuit 130 can be collected at a low frequency to confirm whether the safety monitoring function of the power battery safety monitoring device 100 is normal (that is, whether the power battery safety monitoring device 100 can work normally), that is, the self-test of the power battery safety monitoring device. Figure 5 The collection point AD1 in the first monitoring branch 131 collects the electrical parameter information, and / or, can be used to Figure 5 Collection point AD2 in the image captures electrical parameter information from the second monitoring branch 132. In the self-test scenario, both collection points AD1 and AD2 correspond to reference values. By comparing the actual electrical parameter information collected during the self-test with the reference values, if they are consistent, it can be determined that the power battery safety monitoring device has passed this self-test.

[0099] In addition, the battery controller 150 may also include a reference value update component for updating the reference value corresponding to the electrical parameter collection point. For example, when the power battery safety monitoring device passes a self-test, the reference value update component can determine the actual electrical parameters actually collected at the collection point and determine the deviation between the actual electrical parameters and the reference value. If the deviation is less than a deviation threshold, the reference value can be updated based on the actual electrical parameters and the current reference value, and the new reference value obtained will be used as the reference value for the next self-test.

[0100] According to the above technical solution, a power battery safety monitoring device includes a power supply for providing power to the power battery safety monitoring device, a breathing valve disposed on the power battery, a breathing valve monitoring circuit, a signal processing circuit, and a battery controller. The breathing valve includes a gas inlet channel and a gas outlet channel. Gas from outside the power battery enters the power battery through the gas inlet channel, and gas from the power battery is discharged through the gas outlet channel. The breathing valve monitoring circuit includes a first monitoring branch for monitoring the gas outlet channel. The first monitoring branch is disconnected when the gas outlet channel discharges gas. The signal processing circuit is configured to output a first wake-up signal to the battery controller when the first monitoring branch is disconnected. The battery controller is configured to collect electrical parameter information of the safety valve connection circuit upon detecting the first wake-up signal and determine whether the power battery has experienced thermal runaway based on the electrical parameter information. Thus, by monitoring the gas flow through the breathing valve through the breathing valve monitoring circuit, the discharge of internal gas from the power battery can be detected in a timely manner. This allows for faster confirmation of whether the power battery has experienced thermal runaway and enables timely detection at the early stages of thermal runaway, facilitating faster early warning and timely implementation of protective measures, thus buying more time for drivers and passengers.

[0101] like Figure 6 As shown, the present disclosure further provides a vehicle, comprising the power battery safety monitoring device 100 described in any embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0102] Optionally, the vehicle provided herein may also include a thermal runaway handling component for handling a thermal runaway fault if thermal runaway is detected in the power battery. This handling may include, but is not limited to, the following: vehicle instrument panel alarms, external audio and visual alarms, remote alarms, battery cooling, monitoring of power battery cell temperature, and vehicle shutdown.

[0103] The thermal runaway handling component can communicate with corresponding devices on the vehicle. For example, if the thermal runaway fault handling includes a vehicle instrument panel alarm, the thermal runaway handling component can communicate with the vehicle instrument panel to notify the vehicle instrument panel to issue an alarm. For another example, if the thermal runaway fault handling includes cooling the battery, the thermal runaway handling component can communicate with the vehicle air conditioner to enable the air conditioner to turn on the cooling mode to indirectly cool the battery. For another example, if the vehicle is in driving state, to ensure vehicle safety, the thermal runaway fault handling may include controlling the vehicle to stop. Therefore, the thermal runaway handling component can communicate with the motor controller to reduce the motor power and achieve parking.

[0104] Optionally, the thermal runaway processing component may include a power control component, which is used to limit the power of the power battery when it is determined that the power battery has thermal runaway and the power of the power battery is detected to be non-zero. When the power battery provides power for driving (i.e., the vehicle is in motion) or when the power battery is being charged, the power of the power battery is non-zero. In such a scenario, to ensure the safety of the power battery, the above actions should be stopped (i.e., the vehicle should be parked or charging stopped). Therefore, the power of the power battery can be limited by the power control component, for example, gradually limiting the power of the power battery until the power of the power battery becomes zero to ensure the safety of the power battery.

[0105] Optionally, the vehicle provided by the present disclosure may further include a locking device 1214. The locking device 1214 may be provided near the gas inlet passage 121, such as Figure 2 、 3 As shown in . The locking device 1214 may include a motor C1 and a locking rod C2. The locking rod C2 can extend or retract with the movement of the cam structure in the motor C1. Furthermore, if thermal runaway of the power battery is determined to have occurred, the locking device 1214 is configured to control the cam structure of the motor C1 to extend the locking rod C2, locking the second one-way valve baffle 1211 and closing the gas inlet channel 121. When the gas inlet channel 121 is closed, gas outside the power battery cannot enter the power battery through the gas inlet channel 121.

[0106] The locking rod C2 in the locking device 1214 cooperates with the second stopper 1212 in the gas inlet passage 121 to lock the second one-way valve stopper 1211. When the power battery experiences thermal runaway, the locking device 1214 controls the cam structure of the motor C1 to extend the locking rod C2. Once extended, the locking rod C2 confines the second one-way valve stopper 1211 between the locking rod C2 and the second stopper 1212, thereby locking the second one-way valve stopper 1211.

[0107] It should be noted that when a power battery experiences thermal runaway, the high internal pressure causes the battery to discharge gas. Simultaneously, due to this high pressure, external gas is temporarily prevented from entering the power battery. At this point, the gas inlet passage 121 is closed, meaning the second one-way valve flapper 1211 and the second stopper 1212 are in contact. However, this contact could be disrupted at any time. If thermal runaway occurs, external gas could enter the power battery, potentially causing a more dangerous situation. Therefore, the locking device 1214 can lock the second one-way valve flapper 1211 to maintain the gas inlet passage 121 in a closed state, preventing external gas from entering the power battery. To this end, the locking device 1214 controls the cam structure of the motor C1 to extend the locking rod C2. The extended locking rod C2 traps the second one-way valve flapper 1211 between the second stopper 1212 and the locking rod C2, maintaining the second one-way valve flapper 1211 and the second stopper 1212 in contact, keeping the gas inlet passage 121 closed.

[0108] In this way, when the power battery suffers from thermal runaway, in order to prevent external gas from entering the power battery and causing a more violent chemical reaction after the battery cells come into contact with the air, the second one-way valve baffle is locked by the locking device to keep the gas entry channel closed, preventing the battery cells inside the power battery from coming into contact with the air, thereby avoiding the chemical reaction between the battery cells and the air, and achieving a protective effect.

[0109] The preferred embodiments of the present disclosure are described in detail above in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. However, the present disclosure is not limited to the specific details of the above embodiments. Within the technical concept of the present disclosure, various simple modifications can be made to the technical solutions of the present disclosure, and these simple modifications all fall within the scope of protection of the present disclosure.

[0110] It should also be noted that the various specific technical features described in the above specific embodiments can be combined in any suitable manner without contradiction. To avoid unnecessary repetition, the present disclosure will not further describe various possible combinations.

[0111] In addition, the various embodiments of the present disclosure may be arbitrarily combined, and as long as they do not violate the concept of the present disclosure, they should also be regarded as the contents disclosed by the present disclosure.

Claims

1. A power battery safety monitoring device, characterized in that: It includes a power supply for providing power to the power battery safety monitoring device, a breathing valve provided on the power battery, a breathing valve monitoring circuit, a signal processing circuit and a battery controller; The breathing valve includes a gas inlet channel and a gas outlet channel, the gas outside the power battery enters the power battery through the gas inlet channel, and the gas inside the power battery is discharged through the gas outlet channel; The breathing valve monitoring circuit is used to monitor the gas circulation of the breathing valve, and the breathing valve monitoring circuit includes a first monitoring branch for monitoring the gas exhaust channel, wherein the first monitoring branch is disconnected when the gas exhaust channel exhausts gas; The signal processing circuit is used to output a first wake-up signal to the battery controller when the first monitoring branch is disconnected; The battery controller is configured to collect electrical parameter information of the first monitoring branch when the first wake-up signal is detected, and determine whether thermal runaway occurs in the power battery based on the electrical parameter information.

2. The device according to claim 1, characterized in that The gas exhaust channel includes a first one-way valve baffle and a first position limiting device, and when the gas exhaust channel is open, the first one-way valve baffle and the first position limiting device are separated, and when the gas exhaust channel is closed, the first one-way valve baffle and the first position limiting device are connected; The gas inlet channel includes a second one-way valve baffle and a second limit device, and when the gas inlet channel is opened, the second one-way valve baffle and the second limit device are separated, and when the gas inlet channel is closed, the second one-way valve baffle and the second limit device are connected.

3. The device according to claim 2, characterized in that The gas exhaust passage is provided with a first hinge frame and a first hinge point for connecting the first one-way valve baffle, and one end of the first one-way valve baffle is capable of rotating about the first hinge point, wherein the first one-way valve baffle is abutted against the first limit device under the action of gravity to close the gas exhaust passage; The gas inlet channel is provided with a second hinge frame and a second hinge point for connecting the second one-way valve baffle, and one end of the second one-way valve baffle is capable of rotating around the second hinge point, wherein the second one-way valve baffle is abutted against the second limit device under the action of gravity to close the gas inlet channel; The gas exhaust channel and / or the gas inlet channel are provided with a sealing strip.

4. The device according to claim 2, characterized in that The first one-way valve baffle and the first limiting device both have electrical conductivity; The first monitoring branch is connected to the power supply, and the first monitoring branch includes a first switch, the first switch includes a first contact and a second contact, wherein the first contact is connected to the first one-way valve baffle, and the second contact is connected to the first limit device; The signal processing circuit includes a first signal processing branch and a signal output branch, the first signal processing branch is disconnected when the first monitoring branch is turned on, and is turned on when the first monitoring branch is disconnected, the signal output branch is used to output the first wake-up signal when the first signal processing branch is turned on, wherein the signal output branch has an input end and an output end, the input end is connected to the first signal processing branch, and the output end is used to output the first wake-up signal when the first monitoring branch is disconnected.

5. The device according to claim 2, characterized in that The second one-way valve baffle and the second limiting device both have electrical conductivity; The breathing valve monitoring circuit further includes a second monitoring branch for monitoring the gas inlet channel, wherein the second monitoring branch is disconnected when the gas passes through the gas inlet channel; The second monitoring branch is connected to the power supply, and the second monitoring branch includes a second switch, and the second switch includes a third contact and a fourth contact, wherein the third contact is connected to the second one-way valve baffle, and the fourth contact is connected to the second limit device; The signal processing circuit includes a second signal processing branch and a signal output branch, the second signal processing branch is disconnected when the second monitoring branch is turned on, and is turned on when the second monitoring branch is disconnected, and the signal output branch is used to output a second wake-up signal when the second signal processing branch is turned on, wherein the signal output branch has an input end and an output end, the input end is connected to the second signal processing branch, and the output end is used to output the second wake-up signal when the second monitoring branch is disconnected.

6. The device according to claim 5, characterized in that The battery controller includes an electrical parameter acquisition component and an environmental information acquisition component; The battery controller is configured to, when detecting the first wake-up signal or the second wake-up signal, collect electrical parameter information of the first monitoring branch through the electrical parameter acquisition component, and obtain environmental information of the environment in which the power battery is located through the environmental information acquisition component, and determine whether thermal runaway occurs in the power battery based on the electrical parameter information and the environmental information.

7. The device according to claim 6, characterized in that The battery controller is configured to collect the electrical parameter information and the environmental information at a first collection frequency as first information when the first wake-up signal or the second wake-up signal is detected, and determine whether thermal runaway occurs in the power battery based on the first information, wherein the first collection frequency is greater than a preset frequency; The battery controller is also used to collect the electrical parameter information and the environmental information at a second collection frequency as second information when the first wake-up signal and the second wake-up signal are not detected, and to determine whether the power battery safety monitoring device can work normally based on the second information, wherein the second collection frequency is less than the preset frequency.

8. A vehicle, characterized in that: The invention comprises the power battery safety monitoring device according to any one of claims 1 to 7.

9. The vehicle according to claim 8, characterized in that The vehicle further comprises: The thermal runaway processing component is used to perform thermal runaway fault processing when it is determined that the power battery has thermal runaway.

10. The vehicle according to claim 8, characterized in that The power battery safety monitoring device includes a gas inlet channel, and the gas inlet channel includes a second one-way valve baffle; The vehicle also includes a locking device, which includes a motor and a locking rod. The locking rod can extend or retract with the movement of the cam structure in the motor. In addition, the locking device is used to control the cam structure of the motor when it is determined that thermal runaway has occurred in the power battery, so that the locking rod extends and locks the second one-way valve baffle.

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