Method of transmitting traffic and communication device

Abstract

The application provides a method for transmitting a service and a communication device. In the technical solution of the application, an access network device receives a first data packet; determines, according to the first data packet, that a user equipment requests a first service of an application layer; determines a data volume of the first service requested by the user equipment; and determines a transmission resource according to the data volume, the transmission resource being used for transmitting the first service. In this way, the access network device can determine whether the user equipment requests a service of the application layer, and in the case of determining that the user equipment requests a service of the application layer, the access network device can perform air interface radio resource scheduling in advance for the upcoming service, which is helpful for the transmission of service data, thereby improving the experience of the user side.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of communications, and more specifically, to methods and communication apparatus for transmitting services. Background Technology

[0002] With the surge in business data volume, business transmission has placed new demands on communication technologies. For example, the explosive growth in data volume in the media industry, especially the emergence of new media streams such as ultra-high-definition video and virtual reality (VR) / augmented reality (AR) panoramic video, has posed unprecedented challenges to network transmission capabilities. From the network layer perspective, media traffic is expected to account for over 90% of the traffic in 5G mobile networks, making it the main carrier traffic of mobile networks. The user's media experience largely determines the mobile user's overall mobile network service experience. From the service layer perspective, media is constantly evolving towards new media formats such as ultra-high-definition video and 360-degree panoramic VR video. The demand for advanced control features such as instant switching and rapid bitrate adaptive switching places increasingly stringent requirements on latency and bandwidth. Simply relying on the closed-loop control of the media service layer itself is insufficient to meet the user's media experience requirements.

[0003] Therefore, improving service quality and optimizing user experience through network assistance has become a research hotspot. Currently, the network side cannot provide reasonable and effective optimization for service transmission, making it difficult to guarantee the user experience. Summary of the Invention

[0004] This application provides a method and communication apparatus for transmitting services, which can schedule air interface wireless resources in advance for upcoming services, which helps in the transmission of service data and thus improves the user experience.

[0005] In a first aspect, this application provides a method for transmitting services, the method comprising:

[0006] Receive a first data packet; determine, based on the first data packet, that the user equipment requests a first service at the application layer; determine the amount of data for the user equipment to request the first service; determine transmission resources based on the amount of data, the transmission resources being used to transmit the first service.

[0007] Optionally, the method can be executed by the access network device or by modules or units included in the access network device.

[0008] In this application, determining the first service requested by the user equipment at the application layer can also be understood as determining the service content or service data of the first service requested by the user equipment at the application layer.

[0009] In the above technical solution, the access network device can determine whether the user equipment is requesting application layer services, and if it is determined that the user equipment is requesting application layer services, it can schedule air interface radio resources in advance for the upcoming services, which helps the transmission of service data and thus improves the user experience.

[0010] In conjunction with the first aspect, in one possible implementation, the first data packet includes first indication information, the first indication information being from the user equipment, and the first indication information being used to instruct the user equipment to request the first service.

[0011] In the above technical solution, the first indication information comes from the user equipment. That is, the user equipment instructs the access network device that it is requesting the first service of the application layer. This allows the access network device to determine that the user equipment is requesting the service of the application layer and to schedule air interface radio resources in advance for the service that is about to arrive. This helps with the transmission of service data and thus improves the user experience.

[0012] In conjunction with the first aspect or any of the above possible implementations, in another possible implementation, the first indication information is transmitted via radio resource control (RRC) extended messages or by reusing existing cells in RRC messages; or, transmitted via uplink data packet data convergence protocol (PDCP) layer extended bits or by reusing existing cells in PDCP layers; or, transmitted via access network bit rate request (ANBRQ) extended messages or by reusing existing cells in ANBRQ messages; or, transmitted to the core network device via uplink data transmission control protocol (TCP) layer or internet protocol (IP) layer extended bits (or by reusing existing cells in TCP or IP layers), and transmitted by the core network device via N2 messages or downlink data general packet radio service transmission protocol (GTP) layer extended bits (or by reusing existing cells in GTP layers).

[0013] In conjunction with the first aspect or any of the above possible implementations, in another possible implementation, the first data packet includes second indication information, the second indication information comes from a user plane function (UPF) network element, and the second indication information is used to instruct the user equipment to request the first service.

[0014] In the above technical solution, the second indication information comes from the UPF. That is, the UPF indicates that the access network device user equipment is requesting the first service of the application layer, so that the access network device can determine that the user equipment is requesting the service of the application layer and schedule air interface radio resources in advance for the service to come, which helps the transmission of service data and thus improves the user experience.

[0015] In conjunction with the first aspect or any of the above possible implementations, in another possible implementation, determining the user equipment's request for the first service at the application layer based on the first data packet includes: determining the user equipment's request for the first service based on the size of the first data packet.

[0016] In the above technical solution, the access network equipment determines whether the user equipment is requesting the first service at the application layer and performs air interface radio resource scheduling in advance for the upcoming service, which helps the transmission of service data and thus improves the user experience.

[0017] Since the uplink data packets of a service are basically service request messages, apart from the TCP layer's acknowledgment (ACK) / negative acknowledgement (NACK) feedback, the size of the received data packets can be used to determine whether the user equipment is requesting media fragmentation.

[0018] In conjunction with the first aspect or any of the above possible implementations, in another possible implementation, determining that the user equipment requests the first service based on the size of the first data packet includes: determining that the user equipment requests the first service based on the size of the first data packet satisfying a preset condition, wherein the preset condition is: the size of the data packet is greater than a first load threshold; or, the size of the data packet is less than a second load threshold; or, the size of the data packet is greater than the first load threshold and less than the second load threshold.

[0019] In conjunction with the first aspect or any of the above possible implementations, in another possible implementation, the method further includes: receiving first information from an application server, the first information including a first load threshold value and / or a second load threshold value, and third indication information, the third indication information being used to indicate whether the access network device determines whether the user equipment requests the first service.

[0020] In the above technical solution, the application server can send information related to service transmission to the access network device to ensure that the access network device can perform optimized operations for the corresponding service.

[0021] In conjunction with the first aspect or any of the above possible implementations, in another possible implementation, the method further includes: receiving second information from an application server, the second information including identification information and the amount of data corresponding to the identification information, the identification information being used to indicate the bit rate.

[0022] In conjunction with the first aspect or any of the above possible implementations, in another possible implementation, the first data packet further includes fourth indication information, the fourth indication information being used to indicate the first code rate; determining the amount of data requested by the user equipment for the first service includes: determining the amount of data requested by the user equipment for the first service based on the first code rate and the second information.

[0023] In the above technical solution, the fourth indication information comes from the user equipment. That is, the user equipment instructs the access network device to request the bit rate of the first service. This allows the access network device to determine the data volume of the first service based on the obtained bit rate, thereby scheduling air interface radio resources in advance for the upcoming service. This helps with the transmission of service data and improves the user experience.

[0024] In conjunction with the first aspect or any of the above possible implementations, in another possible implementation, the second information further includes network demand information corresponding to the identification information; determining the amount of data requested by the user equipment for the first service includes: determining the amount of data requested by the user equipment for the first service based on network conditions and the second information.

[0025] Optionally, the access network device can obtain the bit rate based on the network conditions and the network demand information corresponding to the identification information, and further determine the data volume of the first service based on the obtained bit rate.

[0026] In the above technical solution, the access network equipment can determine the data volume of the first service and schedule air interface wireless resources in advance for the upcoming service, which helps the transmission of service data and thus improves the user experience.

[0027] In conjunction with the first aspect or any of the above possible implementations, in another possible implementation, the second information also includes information for assisting in the selection of the bit rate.

[0028] Information used to assist in bitrate selection can be related to the media client, such as the media client's processor capabilities, client resolution, refresh rate, and media client caching status.

[0029] In the above technical solution, the access network device considers information related to the media client when determining the data volume of the first service, which can make the determined data volume more accurate.

[0030] In conjunction with the first aspect or any of the above possible implementations, in another possible implementation, determining the transmission resources based on the data volume includes: determining the transmission resources based on the data volume and time information, wherein the time information is used to indicate an estimated value of the arrival time of the first service.

[0031] In other words, when determining transmission resources, access network equipment can also consider the arrival time of media fragments, which helps to improve the utilization rate of transmission resources.

[0032] Secondly, this application provides a method for transmitting services, the method comprising:

[0033] The system receives a second data packet from a user equipment; determines, based on the size of the second data packet, that the user equipment requests a first service at the application layer; and sends a first data packet to the access network device, the first data packet including second indication information, the second indication information being used to instruct the user equipment to request the first service.

[0034] Optionally, the method can be executed by the UPF or by modules or units included in the UPF.

[0035] In this application, determining the first service requested by the user equipment at the application layer can also be understood as determining the service content or service data of the first service requested by the user equipment at the application layer.

[0036] Since the uplink data packets for services, apart from TCP layer ACK / NACK feedback, are essentially service request messages, the size of the received data packets can be used to determine whether the user equipment (UE) is requesting media fragmentation. In the above technical solution, the load status of the received uplink data packets is used to determine whether the UE is requesting the next media fragment, thereby identifying the UE's media request behavior and instructing the access network equipment. This allows the access network equipment to pre-schedule air interface radio resources, ensuring the subsequent transmission of downlink media fragments.

[0037] In conjunction with the second aspect, in one possible implementation, determining that the user equipment requests a first service from the application layer based on the size of the second data packet includes: determining that the user equipment requests the first service based on the size of the second data packet meeting a preset condition, wherein the preset condition is: the size of the data packet is greater than a first load threshold; or, the size of the data packet is less than a second load threshold; or, the size of the data packet is greater than the first load threshold and less than the second load threshold.

[0038] In conjunction with the second aspect or any of the above possible implementations, in another possible implementation, the method further includes: when the first service is detected, sending a fifth indication message to the session management function (SMF) network element, the fifth indication message being used to indicate that the user equipment has been detected accessing the first service.

[0039] In conjunction with the second aspect or any of the above possible implementations, in another possible implementation, the method further includes: receiving third information from the Session Management Function (SMF) element, the third information including the first load threshold value and / or the second load threshold value, and sixth indication information, the sixth indication information being used to instruct the User Plane Function (UPF) element to determine whether the user equipment requests the first service.

[0040] Thirdly, this application provides a method for transmitting media services, the method comprising:

[0041] Request a first service; send a first data packet, the first data packet including first indication information and / or fourth indication information, the first indication information being used to instruct the user equipment to request a first service at the application layer, the fourth indication information being used to instruct a first bitrate, the first bitrate being used to determine the data volume of the first service.

[0042] Optionally, the method can be executed by the user equipment or by a module or unit included in the user equipment.

[0043] In this application, "requesting the first service" can also be understood as requesting the first service of the application layer, requesting the service content or service data of the first service, or requesting the service content or service data of the first service of the application layer.

[0044] In the above technical solution, the user equipment can directly send the corresponding request information and the request bit rate information to the access network equipment when initiating a service request. This enables the access network equipment to determine the network requirements and data volume of the downlink service based on the request information and bit rate information, and to perform air interface resource scheduling in advance to ensure reliable and fast transmission of downlink services.

[0045] In conjunction with the third aspect, in one possible implementation, the method further includes: receiving seventh indication information from an application server, the seventh indication information being used to indicate that the first bitrate is reported by the user equipment.

[0046] In conjunction with the third aspect or any of the above possible implementations, in another possible implementation, the method further includes: receiving identification information from the application server, the identification information being used to indicate the bit rate.

[0047] In conjunction with the third aspect or any of the above possible implementations, in another possible implementation, the first indication information and / or the fourth indication information are transmitted via RRC extended messages or by multiplexing existing information cells in RRC messages; or, transmitted via PDCP layer extension bits of uplink data or by multiplexing existing information cells in PDCP layers; or, transmitted via ANBRQ extended messages or by multiplexing existing information cells in ANBRQ messages; or, transmitted to the core network device via TCP layer or IP layer extension bits of uplink data (or by multiplexing existing information cells in TCP layer or IP layer), and transmitted by the core network device via N2 messages or GTP layer extension bits of downlink data (or by multiplexing existing information cells in GTP layer).

[0048] Fourthly, this application provides a method for transmitting media services, the method comprising:

[0049] Determine and send at least one of the following information: identification information, network demand information corresponding to the identification information, data volume corresponding to the identification information, a first load threshold, a second load threshold, time information, and information for assisting in the selection of the code rate, wherein the identification information is used to indicate the code rate, and the time information is used to indicate an estimated value of the time when the first service arrives at the access network device.

[0050] Information used to assist in selecting the bitrate can be related to the media client, such as the media client's processor capabilities, client resolution, refresh rate, and media client caching status.

[0051] Optionally, the method can be executed by the application server or by modules or units included in the application server.

[0052] It should be noted that the information determined and sent by the application server may differ depending on the technical solution; please refer to the description in the Detailed Implementation section for details.

[0053] In the above technical solution, the application server can send out information related to service transmission, which can provide relevant information for the current protocol data unit (PDU) session or future PDU session, so as to ensure that the network side can perform optimization operations for the corresponding service.

[0054] Fifthly, this application provides a method for transmitting media services, the method comprising:

[0055] Receive at least one of the following information from the application server: identification information, network demand information corresponding to the identification information, data volume corresponding to the identification information, a first load threshold, a second load threshold, time information, and information for assisting in selecting the code rate, wherein the identification information is used to indicate the code rate, and the time information is used to indicate an estimated value of the time when the first service arrives at the access network device;

[0056] Send at least one of the following information to the access network device: the identification information, the network demand information corresponding to the identification information, the data volume corresponding to the identification information, the first load threshold, the second load threshold, time information, the third indication information, and the information for assisting in selecting the code rate; or send the first load threshold and / or the second load threshold and the sixth indication information to the user plane function element (UPF); or send the identification information and the seventh indication information to the user equipment, wherein the third indication information is used to indicate whether the user equipment requests the first service of the application layer as determined by the access network device, the sixth indication information is used to indicate whether the user equipment requests the first service of the application layer as determined by the UPF, and the seventh indication information is used to indicate the code rate for which the user equipment has reported a request.

[0057] Information used to assist in bitrate selection can be related to the media client, such as the media client's processor capabilities, client resolution, refresh rate, and media client caching status.

[0058] Optionally, the method can be executed by the SMF or by modules or units included in the SMF.

[0059] It should be noted that the fourth, sixth, and seventh instruction information mentioned above can be determined by the application server or by the SMF, and there is no limitation on this.

[0060] In some implementations, when establishing a Protocol Data Unit (PDU) session, modifying a PDU session, or receiving the fifth indication information sent by the UPF, at least one of the following information may be sent to the access network device: the identification information, the network requirement information corresponding to the identification information, the data volume corresponding to the identification information, the first load threshold, the second load threshold, time information, the third indication information, and the information used to assist in selecting the code rate; or, the first load threshold and / or the second load threshold and the sixth indication information may be sent to the User Plane Function (UPF); or, the identification information and the seventh indication information may be sent to the User Equipment (UE), wherein the fifth indication information is used to indicate that the UE is accessing the first service.

[0061] In the above technical solution, the SMF can send the information related to service transmission received from the application server to the access network equipment, UPF, or user equipment, which can provide relevant information for the current PDU session or future PDU session, so as to ensure that the network side can perform optimization operations for the corresponding service.

[0062] Sixthly, this application provides a communication device, the device comprising:

[0063] The transceiver unit is used to receive the first data packet.

[0064] The processing unit is configured to determine, based on the first data packet, a first service requested by the user equipment at the application layer; determine the amount of data requested by the user equipment for the first service; and determine transmission resources based on the amount of data, wherein the transmission resources are used to transmit the first service.

[0065] Optionally, the device may be an access network device, or a module or unit included in the access network device.

[0066] In this application, determining the first service requested by the user equipment at the application layer can also be understood as determining the service content or service data of the first service requested by the user equipment at the application layer.

[0067] In the above technical solution, the access network device can determine whether the user equipment is requesting application layer services, and if it is determined that the UE is requesting application layer services, it can schedule air interface radio resources in advance for the upcoming services, which helps the transmission of service data and thus improves the user experience.

[0068] In conjunction with the sixth aspect, in one possible implementation, the first data packet includes first indication information, the first indication information being from the user equipment, and the first indication information being used to instruct the user equipment to request the first service.

[0069] In the above technical solution, the first indication information comes from the user equipment. That is, the user equipment instructs the access network device that it is requesting the first service of the application layer. This allows the access network device to determine that the user equipment is requesting the service of the application layer and to schedule air interface radio resources in advance for the service that is about to arrive. This helps with the transmission of service data and thus improves the user experience.

[0070] In conjunction with the sixth aspect or any of the above possible implementations, in another possible implementation, the first indication information is transmitted via RRC extended messages or by reusing existing information cells in RRC messages; or, transmitted via PDCP layer extended bits of uplink data or by reusing existing information cells in PDCP layers; or, transmitted via ANBRQ extended messages or by reusing existing information cells in ANBRQ messages; or, transmitted to the core network device via TCP layer or IP layer extended bits of uplink data (or by reusing existing information cells in TCP layer or IP layer), and transmitted by the core network device via N2 messages or GTP layer extended bits of downlink data (or by reusing existing information cells in GTP layer).

[0071] In conjunction with the sixth aspect or any of the above possible implementations, in another possible implementation, the first data packet includes second indication information, the second indication information being from the UPF, and the second indication information being used to instruct the user equipment to request the first service.

[0072] In the above technical solution, the second indication information comes from the UPF. That is, the UPF indicates that the access network device user equipment is requesting the first service of the application layer, so that the access network device can determine that the UE is requesting the service of the application layer and perform air interface radio resource scheduling in advance for the service to come, which helps the transmission of service data and thus improves the user experience.

[0073] In conjunction with the sixth aspect or any of the above possible implementations, in another possible implementation, the processing unit is specifically used to: determine, based on the size of the first data packet, that the user equipment requests the first service.

[0074] In the above technical solution, the access network equipment determines whether the user equipment requests the first service of the application layer and performs air interface radio resource scheduling in advance for the upcoming service, which helps the transmission of service data and thus improves the user experience.

[0075] Since the uplink data packets of a service, apart from the ACK / NACK feedback from the TCP layer, are basically service request messages, it is possible to determine whether the user equipment is requesting media fragmentation based on the size of the received data packets.

[0076] In conjunction with the sixth aspect or any of the above possible implementations, in another possible implementation, the processing unit is specifically used to: determine that the user equipment requests the first service based on the fact that the size of the first data packet meets a preset condition, wherein the preset condition is: the size of the data packet is greater than a first load threshold; or, the size of the data packet is less than a second load threshold; or, the size of the data packet is greater than the first load threshold and less than the second load threshold.

[0077] In conjunction with the sixth aspect or any of the above possible implementations, in another possible implementation, the transceiver unit is further configured to: receive first information from the application server, the first information including the first load threshold value and / or the second load threshold value, and third indication information, the third indication information being used to instruct the access network device to determine whether the user equipment requests the first service.

[0078] In the above technical solution, the application server can send information related to service transmission to the access network device to ensure that the access network device can perform optimized operations for the corresponding service.

[0079] In conjunction with the sixth aspect or any of the above possible implementations, in another possible implementation, the transceiver unit is further configured to: receive second information from the application server, the second information including identification information and the amount of data corresponding to the identification information, the identification information being used to indicate the bit rate.

[0080] In conjunction with the sixth aspect or any of the above possible implementations, in another possible implementation, the first data packet further includes fourth indication information, which is used to indicate the first code rate; the processing unit is specifically used to: determine the amount of data requested by the user equipment for the first service based on the first code rate and the second information.

[0081] In the above technical solution, the fourth indication information comes from the user equipment. That is, the user equipment instructs the access network device to request the bit rate of the first service. This allows the access network device to determine the data volume of the first service based on the obtained bit rate, thereby scheduling air interface radio resources in advance for the upcoming service. This helps with the transmission of service data and improves the user experience.

[0082] In conjunction with the sixth aspect or any of the above possible implementations, in another possible implementation, the second information further includes network demand information corresponding to the identification information; the processing unit is specifically used to: determine the amount of data requested by the user equipment for the first service based on the network conditions and the second information.

[0083] Optionally, the access network device can obtain the bit rate based on the network conditions and the network demand information corresponding to the identification information, and further determine the data volume of the first service based on the obtained bit rate.

[0084] In the above technical solution, the access network equipment can determine the data volume of the first service and schedule air interface wireless resources in advance for the upcoming service, which helps the transmission of service data and thus improves the user experience.

[0085] In conjunction with the sixth aspect or any of the above possible implementations, in another possible implementation, the second information further includes information for assisting in the selection of the bit rate.

[0086] Information used to assist in selecting the bitrate can be related to the media client, such as the media client's processor capabilities, client resolution, refresh rate, and media client caching status.

[0087] In the above technical solution, the access network device considers information related to the media client when determining the data volume of the first service, which can make the determined data volume more accurate.

[0088] In conjunction with the sixth aspect or any of the above possible implementations, in another possible implementation, the processing unit is specifically used to: determine the transmission resources based on the data volume and time information, wherein the time information is used to indicate an estimated arrival time of the first service.

[0089] In other words, when determining transmission resources, access network equipment can also consider the arrival time of media fragments, which helps to improve the utilization rate of transmission resources.

[0090] In a seventh aspect, this application provides a communication device, the device comprising:

[0091] The transceiver unit is used to receive second data packets from user equipment.

[0092] The processing unit is configured to determine, based on the size of the second data packet, the first service requested by the user equipment from the application layer.

[0093] The transceiver unit is further configured to send a first data packet to the access network device, the first data packet including second indication information, the second indication information being used to instruct the user equipment to request the first service.

[0094] Optionally, the device may be a UPF, or a module or unit included in the UPF.

[0095] In this application, determining the first service requested by the user equipment at the application layer can also be understood as determining the service content or service data of the first service requested by the user equipment at the application layer.

[0096] Since the uplink data packets for services, apart from TCP layer ACK / NACK feedback, are essentially service request messages, the size of the received data packets can be used to determine whether the user equipment (UE) is requesting media fragmentation. In the above technical solution, the load status of the received uplink data packets is used to determine whether the UE is requesting the next media fragment, thereby identifying the UE's media request behavior and instructing the access network equipment. This allows the access network equipment to pre-schedule air interface radio resources, ensuring the subsequent transmission of downlink media fragments.

[0097] In conjunction with the seventh aspect, in one possible implementation, the processing unit is specifically configured to: determine that the user equipment requests the first service based on the size of the second data packet satisfying a preset condition, wherein the preset condition is: the size of the data packet is greater than a first load threshold; or, the size of the data packet is less than a second load threshold; or, the size of the data packet is greater than the first load threshold and less than the second load threshold.

[0098] In conjunction with the seventh aspect or any of the above possible implementations, in another possible implementation, the transceiver unit is further configured to: when a first service is detected, send a fifth indication information to the Session Management Function (SMF) network element, the fifth indication information being used to indicate that the user equipment has been detected accessing the first service.

[0099] In conjunction with the seventh aspect or any of the above possible implementations, in another possible implementation, the transceiver unit is further configured to: receive third information from the Session Management Function (SMF) element, the third information including the first load threshold value and / or the second load threshold value, and sixth indication information, the sixth indication information being used to instruct the User Plane Function (UPF) element to determine whether the user equipment requests the first service.

[0100] Eighthly, this application provides a communication device, the device comprising:

[0101] The transceiver unit is used to request a first service and send a first data packet, the first data packet including first indication information and / or fourth indication information, the first indication information being used to instruct the user equipment to request the first service of the application layer, the fourth indication information being used to indicate a first bit rate, the first bit rate being used to determine the data volume of the first service.

[0102] Optionally, the device can be user equipment, or a module or unit included in the user equipment.

[0103] In this application, "requesting the first service" can also be understood as requesting the first service of the application layer, requesting the service content or service data of the first service, or requesting the service content or service data of the first service of the application layer.

[0104] In the above technical solution, the user equipment can directly send the corresponding request information and the request bit rate information to the access network equipment when initiating a service request. This enables the access network equipment to determine the network requirements and data volume of the downlink service based on the request information and bit rate information, and to perform air interface resource scheduling in advance to ensure reliable and fast transmission of downlink services.

[0105] In conjunction with the eighth aspect, in one possible implementation, the apparatus further includes a transceiver unit for receiving seventh indication information from an application server, the seventh indication information being used to indicate that the user equipment shall report the first bit rate.

[0106] In conjunction with the eighth aspect or any of the above possible implementations, in another possible implementation, the transceiver unit is further configured to: receive identification information from the application server, the identification information being used to indicate the bit rate.

[0107] In conjunction with the eighth aspect or any of the above possible implementations, in another possible implementation, the first indication information and / or the fourth indication information are transmitted via RRC extended messages or by multiplexing existing information cells in RRC messages; or, transmitted via PDCP layer extension bits of uplink data or by multiplexing existing information cells in PDCP layers; or, transmitted via ANBRQ extended messages or by multiplexing existing information cells in ANBRQ messages; or, transmitted to the core network device via TCP layer or IP layer extension bits of uplink data (or by multiplexing existing information cells in TCP layer or IP layer), and transmitted by the core network device via N2 messages or GTP layer extension bits of downlink data (or by multiplexing existing information cells in GTP layer).

[0108] Ninthly, this application provides a communication device, the device comprising:

[0109] The processing unit is configured to determine at least one of the following information: identification information, network demand information corresponding to the identification information, data volume corresponding to the identification information, a first load threshold, a second load threshold, time information, and information for assisting in the selection of the code rate, wherein the identification information is used to indicate the code rate, and the time information is used to indicate an estimated value of the time when the first service arrives at the access network device.

[0110] The transceiver unit is configured to send at least one of the following information: identification information, network demand information corresponding to the identification information, data volume corresponding to the identification information, a first load threshold, a second load threshold, time information, and information for assisting in the selection of the code rate, wherein the identification information is used to indicate the code rate, and the time information is used to indicate an estimated value of the time when the first service arrives at the access network device.

[0111] Information used to assist in bitrate selection can be related to the media client, such as the media client's processor capabilities, client resolution, refresh rate, and media client caching status.

[0112] Optionally, the device can be an application server, or a module or unit included in the application server.

[0113] It should be noted that the information determined and sent by the application server may differ depending on the technical solution; please refer to the description in the Detailed Implementation section for details.

[0114] In the above technical solution, the application server can send out information related to service transmission, and can provide relevant information for the current PDU session or future PDU sessions, so as to ensure that the network side can perform optimization operations for the corresponding services.

[0115] In a tenth aspect, this application provides a communication apparatus, the apparatus comprising:

[0116] The transceiver unit is configured to receive at least one of the following information from the application server: identification information, network demand information corresponding to the identification information, data volume corresponding to the identification information, a first load threshold, a second load threshold, time information, and information for assisting in selecting the code rate, wherein the identification information is used to indicate the code rate, and the time information is used to indicate an estimated value of the time when the first service arrives at the access network device.

[0117] And for sending at least one of the following information to the access network device: the identification information, the network demand information corresponding to the identification information, the data volume corresponding to the identification information, the first load threshold, the second load threshold, time information, the third indication information, and the information for assisting in selecting the code rate; or, sending the first load threshold and / or the second load threshold and the sixth indication information to the UPF; or, sending the identification information and the seventh indication information to the user equipment, wherein the third indication information is used to indicate whether the user equipment requests the first service of the application layer as determined by the access network device, the sixth indication information is used to indicate whether the user equipment requests the first service of the application layer as determined by the UPF, and the seventh indication information is used to indicate the code rate for which the user equipment has reported a request.

[0118] Information used to assist in bitrate selection can be related to the media client, such as the media client's processor capabilities, client resolution, refresh rate, and media client caching status.

[0119] Optionally, the device may be an SMF, or a module or unit included in the SMF.

[0120] It should be noted that the fourth, sixth, and seventh instruction information mentioned above can be determined by the application server or by the SMF, and there is no limitation on this.

[0121] In some implementations, the transceiver unit may send at least one of the following information to the access network device when establishing a PDU session, modifying a PDU session, or receiving the fifth indication information sent by the UPF: the identification information, the network requirement information corresponding to the identification information, the data volume corresponding to the identification information, the first load threshold, the second load threshold, time information, the third indication information, and the information for assisting in selecting the code rate; or, send the first load threshold and / or the second load threshold and the sixth indication information to the user plane function network element UPF; or, send the identification information and the seventh indication information to the user equipment, wherein the fifth indication information is used to indicate that the user equipment is accessing the first service.

[0122] In the above technical solution, the SMF can send the information related to service transmission received from the application server to the access network equipment, UPF, or user equipment, which can provide relevant information for the current PDU session or future PDU session, so as to ensure that the network side can perform optimization operations for the corresponding service.

[0123] Eleventhly, this application provides a communication device including a processor. The processor is coupled to a memory and can be used to execute instructions in the memory to cause the device to perform the methods provided in any one of the first to fifth aspects, or to perform the methods in any possible implementation of the first to fifth aspects. Optionally, the device further includes a memory. Optionally, the device further includes interface circuitry, and the processor is coupled to the interface circuitry.

[0124] In a twelfth aspect, this application provides a processor, including: an input circuit, an output circuit, and a processing circuit. The processing circuit is configured to receive signals through the input circuit and transmit signals through the output circuit, causing the processor to execute the method provided in any one of the first to fifth aspects, or to execute the method in any possible implementation of the first to fifth aspects.

[0125] In specific implementation, the processor can be a chip, the input circuit can be an input pin, the output circuit can be an output pin, and the processing circuit can be a transistor, gate circuit, flip-flop, and various logic circuits. The input signal received by the input circuit can be received and input by, for example, but not limited to, a receiver, and the signal output by the output circuit can be output to, for example, but not limited to, a transmitter and transmitted by the transmitter. Furthermore, the input circuit and the output circuit can be the same circuit, which is used as the input circuit and the output circuit at different times. This application does not limit the specific implementation of the processor and various circuits.

[0126] In a thirteenth aspect, this application provides a processing apparatus, including a processor and a memory. The processor is configured to read instructions stored in the memory, receive signals via a receiver, and transmit signals via a transmitter to execute the method provided in any one of the first to fifth aspects, or to execute the method in any possible implementation of the first to fifth aspects.

[0127] Optionally, the processor may be one or more, and the memory may be one or more.

[0128] Alternatively, the memory can be integrated with the processor, or the memory can be set separately from the processor.

[0129] In specific implementation, the memory can be a non-transitory memory, such as read-only memory (ROM), which can be integrated with the processor on the same chip or set on different chips. The embodiments of this application do not limit the type of memory or the way the memory and processor are set.

[0130] The processing device in the thirteenth aspect above can be a chip. The processor can be implemented in hardware or software. When implemented in hardware, the processor can be a logic circuit, an integrated circuit, etc. When implemented in software, the processor can be a general-purpose processor that reads software code stored in a memory. The memory can be integrated into the processor or located outside the processor and exist independently.

[0131] In a fourteenth aspect, this application provides a computer program product comprising: a computer program (also referred to as code or instructions) that, when run, causes a computer to perform the method provided in any one of the first to fifth aspects, or to perform the method in any one of the possible implementations of the first to fifth aspects.

[0132] In a fifteenth aspect, this application provides a computer-readable medium storing a computer program (also referred to as code or instructions) that, when run on a computer, causes the computer to perform the method provided in any of the first to fifth aspects, or to perform the method in any of the possible implementations of the first to fifth aspects.

[0133] In a sixteenth aspect, this application provides a communication system including at least one of the means provided in any of the foregoing aspects or possible implementations thereof. Attached Figure Description

[0134] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of a network architecture that can be applied to the embodiments of this application.

[0135] Figure 2 This is a diagram illustrating the cyclical ON-OFF characteristics of media business.

[0136] Figure 3 This is a schematic flowchart of the method for providing the transmission service provided in this application.

[0137] Figure 4 This is a schematic flowchart illustrating the application server sending information related to media transmission in an embodiment of this application.

[0138] Figure 5 This is a schematic flowchart illustrating the method for transmitting media services provided in the embodiments of this application.

[0139] Figure 6 This is a schematic flowchart illustrating the method for transmitting media services provided in the embodiments of this application.

[0140] Figure 7 This is a schematic flowchart illustrating the method for transmitting media services provided in the embodiments of this application.

[0141] Figure 8 This is a schematic block diagram of a communication device provided in an embodiment of this application.

[0142] Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a communication device provided in this application.

[0143] Figure 10 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a communication device provided in this application. Detailed Implementation

[0144] The technical solutions in this application will now be described with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0145] The technical solutions of this application can be applied to various communication systems, such as: Long Term Evolution (LTE) systems, LTE Frequency Division Duplex (FDD) systems, LTE Time Division Duplex (TDD) systems, Universal Mobile Telecommunication System (UMTS), Worldwide Interoperability for Microwave Access (WiMAX) communication systems, 5G systems or new radio (NR) communication systems, satellite communication systems, and future mobile communication systems, etc.

[0146] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of a network architecture that can be applied to the embodiments of this application. Taking the 5G network architecture as an example, the network architecture may include: user equipment (UE) 101, radio access network (RAN) 102, UPF network element 103, data network (DN) network element 104, access and mobility management function (AMF) network element 105, SMF network element 106, authentication server function (AUSF) network element 107, service communication proxy (SCP) network element 108, network data analytics function (NWDAF) network element 109, network exposure function (NEF) network element 110, network function repository function (NRF) network element 111, policy control function (PCF) network element 112, unified data management (UDM) network element 113, application function (AF) network element 114, etc.

[0147] The following will refer to User Equipment 101, (R)AN 102, UPF 103, DN 104, AMF 105, SMF 106, AUSF 107, SCP 108, NWDAF 109, NEF 110, NRF 111, PCF 112, UDM 113, and AF 114 as UE101, (R)AN 102, UPF103, DN104, AMF105, SMF106, AUSF 107, SCP108, NWDAF 109, NEF110, NRF111, PCF112, UDM113, and AF114, respectively.

[0148] in:

[0149] UE101: It mainly accesses the 5G network and obtains services through the radio air interface. UE101 interacts with RAN102 through the air interface and with AMF105 of the core network through non-access stratum (NAS) signaling.

[0150] (R)AN102: Its main function is to provide wireless connectivity, and it is responsible for the scheduling of air interface resources and the management of air interface connections for UE access to the network. It is located between the UE and the core network node.

[0151] UPF103's main functions include packet routing and forwarding, mobility anchors, uplink classifiers to support routing traffic to the data network, and branch points to support multi-homed PDU sessions.

[0152] DN104: This is a carrier network that provides data transmission services to users, such as carrier services, Internet access, or third-party services.

[0153] AMF105: Responsible for mobility management in mobile networks. Its main functions include managing user registration, reachability detection, SMF node selection, and mobility state transition management.

[0154] SMF106: Responsible for session management in mobile networks. Its main functions include controlling the establishment, modification, and deletion of sessions, and the selection of user plane nodes.

[0155] AUSF107: Primarily responsible for providing authentication services.

[0156] SCP108: Primarily responsible for indirect communication between network elements and their corresponding network element services.

[0157] NWDAF109: Responsible for network data collection, statistics, analysis, and decision feedback.

[0158] NEF110: Primarily responsible for exchanging network capability information with external third-party applications or providing external information.

[0159] NRF111: Used by carrier networks to expose network data to third-party application servers, or to receive data provided to the network by third-party application servers.

[0160] PCF112: Policy Decision Point, responsible for providing policies, such as Quality of Service (QoS) policies and slice selection policies.

[0161] UDM113: Used to store user data, such as contract information, authentication / authorization information, etc.

[0162] AF114: Responsible for providing services to the 3rd generation partnership project (3GPP) network, such as influencing service routing and interacting with the PCF for policy control.

[0163] In this network architecture, N1 is the interface between UE101 and AMF105; N2 is the interface between (R)AN102 and AMF105, used for sending NAS messages, etc.; N3 is the interface between RAN102 and UPF103, used for transmitting user plane data, etc.; N4 is the interface between SMF106 and UPF103, used for transmitting information such as tunnel identification information for N3 connection, data buffer indication information, and downlink data notification messages, etc.; N6 is the interface between UPF103 and DN104, used for transmitting user plane data, etc.; and N9 is the interface between UPFs. Namf represents the service-based interface displayed by AMF105, Nsmf represents the service-based interface displayed by SMF106, Nausf represents the service-based interface displayed by AUSF107, Nnwdaf represents the service-based interface displayed by NWDAF109, Nnef represents the service-based interface displayed by NEF110, Nnrf represents the service-based interface displayed by NRF111, Npcf represents the service-based interface displayed by PCF112, Nudm represents the service-based interface displayed by UDM113, and Naf represents the service-based interface displayed by AF114.

[0164] It should be noted that, Figure 1 The interfaces between the network elements shown can also be point-to-point interfaces, without limitation.

[0165] The user equipment in the embodiments of this application may also be referred to as terminal equipment, user, access terminal, user unit, user station, mobile station, mobile station, remote station, remote terminal, mobile device, user terminal, terminal, wireless communication equipment, user agent, or user device, etc. The user equipment may be a cellular phone, smartwatch, wireless data card, mobile phone, tablet computer, personal digital assistant (PDA) computer, wireless modem, handheld device, laptop computer, machine type communication (MTC) terminal, computer with wireless transceiver function, Internet of Things terminal, virtual reality terminal device, augmented reality terminal device, wireless terminal in industrial control, wireless terminal in autonomous driving, wireless terminal in remote surgery, wireless terminal in smart grid, wireless terminal in transportation safety, wireless terminal in smart city, wireless terminal in smart home, wireless terminal in satellite communication (e.g., satellite phone or satellite terminal, etc.), etc. The embodiments of this application do not limit the specific technology or specific equipment form used in the user equipment.

[0166] The access network device in this application embodiment can be a device used for communication with user equipment, mainly responsible for functions such as radio resource management, quality of service management, data compression and encryption on the air interface side. This access network device can be a base station (BTS) in a Global System for Mobile Communication (GSM) or Code Division Multiple Access (CDMA) system, a base station (nodeB, NB) in a Wideband Code Division Multiple Access (WCDMA) system, an evolved NodeB (eNB or eNodeB) in an LTE system, a base station in a Worldwide Interoperability for Microwave Access (WiMAX) communication system, a radio controller in a cloud radio access network (CRAN) scenario, an access point in a wireless fidelity system, a relay station, vehicle-mounted equipment, or a wearable device, etc. Alternatively, the access network device can be a terminal that performs base station functions in D2D communication or machine-to-machine communication. Alternatively, the access network device can be a network device in a 5G network or a network device in a future evolved PLMN network, etc. Furthermore, the access network equipment can also be a module or unit that performs some of the functions of the base station. For example, it can be a central unit (CU) or a distributed unit (DU). The embodiments of this application do not limit the specific technology or specific equipment form used in the access network equipment.

[0167] The terminal devices and access devices in the embodiments of this application can be deployed on land, including indoors or outdoors, handheld or vehicle-mounted; they can also be deployed on water; and they can also be deployed in the air on airplanes, balloons, and artificial satellites. The embodiments of this application do not limit the application scenarios of the access network devices and terminal devices.

[0168] The terminal device and the access network device in this application embodiment can communicate using licensed spectrum, unlicensed spectrum, or both simultaneously. The terminal device and the access network device can communicate using spectrum below 6 GHz, spectrum above 6 GHz, or both simultaneously. This application embodiment does not limit the spectrum resources used between the terminal device and the access network device.

[0169] It should be understood that Figure 1 The names given for each network element shown are merely names and do not limit the function of the network element itself. In different networks, these network elements may have other names, and this embodiment does not specifically limit this. For example, in a 6G network, some or all of the above network elements may use the terminology from 5G, or they may have other names, etc. This is explained uniformly here and will not be repeated below. Similarly, Figure 1 The interfaces between network elements shown are merely examples. In 5G networks and other future networks, the interfaces between network elements may not be those shown in the figure, and this application does not limit this. It should also be understood that the embodiments of this application are not limited to... Figure 1 In the system architecture shown. For example, a communication system to which this application can be applied may include more or fewer network elements or devices. Figure 1 The devices or network elements in the network can be hardware, software based on function, or a combination of both. Figure 1 Devices or network elements within the network can communicate with each other through other devices or network elements.

[0170] With the surge in business data volume, business transmission has placed new demands on communication technologies, making network-assisted improvements in service quality and user experience a research hotspot. Currently, the network side cannot provide reasonable and effective optimization for business transmission, making it difficult to guarantee the user experience.

[0171] Taking media services as an example, the rapid development of the new media industry has placed new demands on communication technologies. The surge in data volume in the media industry, especially the emergence of new media streams such as ultra-high-definition video and VR / AR panoramic video, has presented unprecedented challenges to network transmission capabilities. 5G technology has been made possible by its ability to enable real-time high-definition rendering in the media industry and significantly reduce the demand for local computing power on devices. 5G technology allows for the real-time transmission of large amounts of data and reduces network latency, not only meeting the needs of ultra-high-definition video live streaming but also enabling significant development of AR / VR applications that have high requirements for image quality and latency.

[0172] From the network layer perspective, media traffic is expected to account for over 90% of 5G mobile network traffic, making it the primary carrier of mobile network traffic. User media experience largely determines the overall mobile network service experience for mobile users. From the service layer perspective, media is constantly evolving towards new media formats such as ultra-high-definition video and 360-degree panoramic VR video. The high bandwidth and real-time control requirements, such as instant switching and rapid bitrate adaptive switching, place increasingly stringent demands on latency and bandwidth. Simply relying on the closed-loop control of the media service layer itself is insufficient to meet user media experience requirements. Therefore, combining network and media services to improve the service quality of media services and optimize user video experience through network assistance has become a research hotspot, especially for AR / VR panoramic video streams and 4K / 8K ultra-high-definition video streams.

[0173] Current media service transmission is mainly based on Hypertext Transfer Protocol (HTTP) media streaming services, such as Dynamic Adaptive Streaming over HTTP (DASH) proposed by the Moving Picture Experts Group (MPEG), HTTP Live Streaming (HLS) proposed by Apple, HTTP-FLV (HTTP Flash Video), and HTTP Dynamic Streaming, which are widely used in current media streaming transmission.

[0174] For video-on-demand (VOD) services, the delivery of media services from the server is closely related to the inherent characteristics of the HTTP protocol—the request-response nature. That is, the delivery of media services strictly depends on media requests sent by the user's media client. During media playback, the user's media client may encounter situations such as... Figure 2 The diagram illustrates periodic ON-OFF behavior, where ON indicates a client is requesting a media segment or a media segment is being downloaded, and OFF indicates no interaction between the server and client, and no media segment is being requested. For example... Figure 2 As shown, once the network is relatively stable, the user-side media client will send a new media request after a certain period of time, and then request it again after watching for a while, resulting in the following... Figure 2 The periodic ON-OFF characteristic shown.

[0175] One solution for transmitting media services is as follows: A complete media stream is divided into equal-length media stream segments (or media fragments) on the application server (AS) side, with different quality media streams for each segment. When the UE initiates a media stream playback request to a specified global resource locator (URL), the application server returns a media presentation description (MPD) file, which contains URL information for all media stream segments at all qualities. The UE-side media client can perceive the network condition based on the average throughput of the transmission control protocol (TCP) layer, and then request a media stream with the corresponding bitrate based on the network condition and the media stream throughput, thus achieving adaptive bitrate adjustment of the media stream. When the UE-side media client's cache drops to a certain threshold, it will initiate a new media fragment request to ensure that its cache is sufficient and to avoid stuttering.

[0176] Media fragmentation requests from the UE-side media client cause the ON-OFF characteristic of the downlink media stream. However, the behavior of the UE-side media client's media fragmentation requests is affected by many factors such as the air interface network conditions, the UE-side media client's buffer status, user behavior, and the specific media client implementation. It is difficult to obtain a stable and effective ON-OFF periodic traffic characteristic, which makes it impossible for the network side to accurately predict the arrival time of the downlink media stream.

[0177] Furthermore, to ensure user security and privacy, as well as address copyright issues related to video media, existing mainstream solutions employ Digital Rights Management (DRM). Moreover, their transport layer often uses HTTP over TLS / SSL (HTTPS) to ensure data security during network transmission. This further encryption of media services makes it difficult for the network side to identify the characteristics of media services.

[0178] Therefore, the network side is currently unable to provide reasonable and effective optimization for media service transmission, making it difficult to guarantee the media playback experience for users.

[0179] To address the aforementioned issues, this application provides a method and communication apparatus for transmitting services. In the technical solution of this application, the access network device can determine whether the UE is requesting application layer services, and if it is determined that the UE is requesting application layer services, it can schedule air interface radio resources in advance for the upcoming services, which helps to improve the user experience.

[0180] Figure 3 This is a schematic flowchart of the method for providing the transmission service provided in this application. Figure 3 The method shown can be executed by user equipment, access network equipment, and UPF, or by modules or units within user equipment, access network equipment, and UPF. The technical solution of this application is described below using user equipment, access network equipment, and UPF as the executing entities. Figure 3 The method shown may include at least some of the following.

[0181] Step 301: The access network device receives the first data packet.

[0182] Step 302: The access network device determines the first service requested by the user equipment from the application layer based on the first data packet.

[0183] The embodiments of this application do not specifically limit the type of the first service. For example, the first service may be the media service mentioned above.

[0184] In this application, steps 301-302 can be implemented in many ways, and no specific limitation is made. For example, steps 301-302 can be implemented by... Figure 3 Implement it using any one of the methods 1 to 4 shown.

[0185] Method 1

[0186] When a user equipment (UE) requests a first application-layer service, the UE sends a first data packet to the access network device, and the access network device receives the first data packet from the UE. The first data packet includes first indication information, which instructs the UE to request the first service. In this case, the access network device can determine that the UE is requesting the first application-layer service based on the first indication information.

[0187] For example, the first data packet could be an RRC message sent by the user equipment. For instance, first indication information could be added to the extension bits of the RRC message, or existing information cells in the RRC message could be reused as the first indication information.

[0188] For example, the first data packet can be an uplink data packet, and the first indication information is transmitted through the PDCP layer of the first data packet. The transmission of the first indication information through the PDCP layer of the first data packet can also be understood as adding the first indication information to the PDCP layer extension bits of the first data packet or reusing existing information cells in the PDCP layer as the first indication information.

[0189] For example, the first data packet may be an ANBRQ message sent by the user equipment. This can be understood as adding first indication information to the extension part of the ANBRQ message or reusing existing information elements in the ANBRQ message as the first indication information.

[0190] In Method 1, the first indication information comes from the user equipment, that is, the user equipment instructs the access network device that it is requesting the first service of the application layer.

[0191] Method 2

[0192] Step 305 can be performed before step 301.

[0193] Step 305: When the user equipment requests the first service of the application layer, the user equipment sends a first indication information to the UPF. The first indication information is used to instruct the user equipment to request the first service.

[0194] After receiving the first indication information from the user equipment, the UPF can send a first data packet to the access network device. The first data packet includes the first indication information. After receiving the first data packet from the UPF, the access network device can determine the first application layer service requested by the user equipment based on the first indication information.

[0195] For example, the user equipment sends the first indication information to the UPF through the TCP or IP layer extension bits of the uplink data (or reuses existing TCP or IP layer information cells); the UPF sends the first indication information to the access network equipment through downlink data packets. The first indication information can be transmitted via the SMF sending an N2 message, or via the GTP layer extension bits of the downlink data packets (or reuses existing GTP layer information cells).

[0196] In Method 2, the first indication information comes from the user equipment, that is, the user equipment instructs the access network equipment that it is requesting the first service of the application layer.

[0197] Method 3

[0198] Steps 306-307 can be performed before step 301.

[0199] Step 306: When the user equipment requests the first service of the application layer, the user equipment sends a second data packet to the UPF.

[0200] Step 307: After receiving the second data packet, the UPF determines the first service requested by the user equipment from the application layer based on the size of the second data packet.

[0201] After the UPF determines that the user equipment requests the first application layer service, it can send a first data packet to the access network device. The first data packet includes second indication information. After receiving the first data packet from the UPF, the access network device can determine the first application layer service requested by the user equipment based on the second indication information.

[0202] Similarly, the first data packet can be a downlink data packet. That is, the UPF can send the second indication information to the access network device through the downlink data packet. The second indication information can be transmitted by sending an N2 message through the SMF, or transmitted through the GTP layer extension bits of the downlink data packet (or by multiplexing existing GTP layer cells).

[0203] In this embodiment of the application, the method by which the UPF determines the user equipment's request for the first application layer service based on the size of the first data packet is not specifically limited. As an example, the UPF determines whether the size of the second data packet meets a preset condition. If the size of the second data packet meets the preset condition, the UPF determines that the user equipment requests the first application layer service; if the size of the second data packet does not meet the preset condition, the UPF determines that the data packet is not a request message for requesting the first service.

[0204] Optionally, the preset condition can be that the size of the data packet is greater than a first load threshold, or that the size of the data packet is less than a second load threshold, or that the size of the data packet is greater than the first load threshold and less than the second load threshold. Wherein, the first load threshold and the second load threshold are data packet load thresholds.

[0205] In method 3, the UPF determines whether the user equipment requests the first service of the application layer and instructs the access network equipment accordingly. Optionally, in some cases, the UPF may receive a sixth indication information from the application server or the SMF, which is used to indicate whether the UPF determines whether the user equipment requests the first service of the application layer.

[0206] Method 4

[0207] When a user equipment (UE) requests the first application-layer service, the UE sends a first data packet to the access network device. The access network device receives the first data packet from the UE. In this mode, the first data packet may not carry first indication information. In this case, the access network device can determine whether the UE requests the first application-layer service based on the size of the first data packet.

[0208] In this embodiment of the application, the method by which the access network device determines the user equipment's request for the first application layer service based on the size of the first data packet is not specifically limited. As an example, the access network device determines whether the size of the first data packet meets a preset condition. If the size of the first data packet meets the preset condition, the access network device determines that the user equipment requests the first application layer service; if the size of the first data packet does not meet the preset condition, the access network device determines that the data packet is not a request message for requesting the first service.

[0209] Optionally, the preset condition can be that the size of the data packet is greater than a first load threshold, or that the size of the data packet is less than a second load threshold, or that the size of the data packet is greater than the first load threshold and less than the second load threshold. Wherein, the first load threshold and the second load threshold are data packet load thresholds.

[0210] In method 4, the access network device determines whether the user equipment requests the first service of the application layer. Optionally, in some cases, the access network device may receive third indication information from the application server or SMF, which is used to instruct the access network device to determine whether the user equipment requests the first service of the application layer.

[0211] Step 303: The access network device determines the amount of data the user equipment requests for the first service.

[0212] In some implementations, the access network device can first determine the first code rate, and then determine the amount of data for the user's request for the first service based on the first code rate and the data volume corresponding to the first code rate.

[0213] There are many ways for the access network device to determine the first code rate in this application, and no specific limitation is made here.

[0214] As an example, the access network device can obtain the first bitrate from the user equipment. That is, the bitrate of the first service requested is determined and reported by the user equipment.

[0215] For example, the user equipment can determine the first code rate based on the current network conditions and the network demand information corresponding to the identification information, or the user equipment can determine the first code rate based on the current network conditions, the network demand information corresponding to the identification information, and information used for auxiliary code rate selection, and carry fourth indication information in the first data packet. The fourth indication information indicates the first code rate, and the identification information indicates the code rate. After receiving the fourth indication information, the access network device determines the first code rate based on the fourth indication information. The transmission of the fourth indication information is similar to the transmission of the first indication information; please refer to the relevant description of the first indication information, which will not be repeated here.

[0216] As another example, the access network device can determine the first bit rate based on the current network conditions and the network demand information corresponding to the identification information. This network demand information can include bandwidth requirements, latency requirements, and speed requirements.

[0217] As another example, the access network device can determine the first bitrate based on the current network conditions, network demand information corresponding to the identification information, and information used to assist in bitrate selection. The information used to assist in bitrate selection can be related to the media client, such as the media client's processor capabilities, client resolution, refresh rate, and media client caching status.

[0218] It should be noted that the first and fourth instruction information mentioned above can also be carried through different data packets, and no specific limitations are made thereon.

[0219] Step 304: The access network device determines the transmission resources based on the amount of data requested by the user equipment for the first service, wherein the transmission resources are used to transmit the first service.

[0220] In other implementations, the access network device can determine the transmission resources for transmitting the first service based on the data volume and time information of the user equipment's request for the first service, wherein the time information is used to indicate an estimated arrival time of the first service. In other words, the access network device can also consider the arrival time of the first service when determining transmission resources.

[0221] It should be noted that the aforementioned first load threshold and / or second load threshold can be predefined or obtained by the access network device or UPF from the application server, without limitation. Similarly, the aforementioned identification information, the network demand information corresponding to the identification information, and the data volume corresponding to the identification information can be predefined or obtained by the user equipment or access network device from the application server, without limitation. The aforementioned time information can be determined by the access network device, for example, the time information is an empirical value set by the access network device itself; or the time information can also be obtained by the access network device from other network elements, for example, the time information is an empirical value from the UPF or from an external application server, without limitation.

[0222] If the aforementioned first load threshold, second load threshold, identification information, network demand information corresponding to the identification information, data volume corresponding to the identification information, or time information are obtained from the application server, the application server may send the aforementioned information to the access network device or user equipment when establishing or modifying a PDU session, or the application server may send the aforementioned information to the SMF when establishing or modifying a PDU session. The SMF may send the aforementioned information to the access network device or user equipment upon receiving the fifth indication information sent by the UPF. The fifth indication information is used to indicate that the user equipment is detected accessing the first service. The UPF may send the fifth indication information to the SMF when it detects that the user equipment is accessing the first service.

[0223] It should also be noted that determining the first service requested by the user equipment at the application layer can also be understood as determining the service content or service data of the first service requested by the user equipment at the application layer, determining that the user equipment is requesting the first service at the application layer, or determining the service content or service data in the first service requested by the user equipment at the application layer.

[0224] pass Figure 3 The method described above allows the access network device to determine whether a user equipment (UE) is requesting an application layer service. If it is determined that the UE is requesting an application layer service, it can schedule air interface radio resources in advance for the upcoming service, which helps with the transmission of service data and thus improves the user experience.

[0225] The following is combined with Figures 4 to 7 The specific implementation of the transmission service method provided in this application is described. Figures 4 to 7 The following explanation uses the China-Israel transmission media service as an example.

[0226] In the embodiments of this application, the application server can provide information related to media service transmission to the network side through capability openness, so that the network side can monitor the media services corresponding to the information and perform optimization processing operations when the media services arrive.

[0227] Information related to media service transmission may include service information, stream description information, threshold information, etc.

[0228] 1) Business information may include at least one of the following: at least one bitrate identifier, network demand information corresponding to at least one bitrate identifier, data volume corresponding to at least one bitrate identifier, and information for assisting in bitrate selection.

[0229] in:

[0230] Bitrate identification information is used to identify different bitrates. It can be a bitrate index, number, etc. For example, 1, 2, 3, and 4 can be used to represent video sources with resolutions of 4K, 2K, 1080p, and 720p, respectively, and their bitrates can be expressed as 8Mbps, 4Mbps, 2Mbps, and 1Mbps.

[0231] Information used to assist in selecting the bitrate can be related to the media client, such as the media client's processor capabilities, client resolution, refresh rate, and media client caching status, depending on the algorithm logic in the bitrate adaptive adjustment process of the service.

[0232] In addition, the network demand information corresponding to at least one bitrate identifier can also be described as the network demand information corresponding to at least one bitrate, and the data volume corresponding to at least one bitrate identifier can also be described as the data volume corresponding to at least one bitrate.

[0233] The amount of data corresponding to the bitrate identifier can be represented in the form of a table or key-value pairs.

[0234] For example, 1, 2, 3, and 4 can be used to represent bitrates of 8Mbps, 4Mbps, 2Mbps, and 1Mbps, respectively; the corresponding data volumes are 16M, 8M, 4M, and 2M. The data volumes corresponding to the bitrate identification information are shown in Table 1.

[0235] Table 1

[0236] Bitrate identification information Data volume 1 16M 2 8M 3 4M 4 2M

[0237] For example, the amount of data corresponding to the bitrate identifier can be represented as: <1,16>, <2,8>, <3,4>, <4,2>.

[0238] 2) Threshold information is used to distinguish whether a data packet is a media fragmentation request message, such as the first load threshold value and / or the second load threshold value mentioned above.

[0239] In some implementations, the aforementioned information related to media service transmission can be sent to access network devices and / or UPFs through a PDU session establishment process or a PDU session modification process.

[0240] Figure 4 This is a schematic flowchart illustrating the application server sending information related to media transmission in an embodiment of this application.

[0241] Step 401: The AF or AS sends the aforementioned information related to media service transmission to the PCF. Correspondingly, the PCF receives the information related to media service transmission from the AF or AS.

[0242] Optionally, the AF or AS can inform the PCF side of the aforementioned information related to media service transmission through an AF request message. Specifically, the AF can modify the information in the UDR through the AF request message, and the subsequent update of the information in the UDR triggers a notification to the PCF, thereby sending the corresponding information to the PCF side.

[0243] Subsequently, when the UE initiates a PDU session establishment procedure or a PDU session modification procedure, the PCF can send the aforementioned information related to media service transmission to the access network equipment and / or UPF through the PDU session establishment procedure or the PDU session modification procedure.

[0244] Step 402: The UE sends a PDU session establishment request message or a PDU session modification request message to the SMF. Correspondingly, the SMF receives the PDU session establishment request message or the PDU session modification request message from the UE.

[0245] Step 403: After receiving a PDU session establishment request message or a PDU session modification request message, the SMF initiates a session management policy association establishment process or a session management policy association modification process to the PCF.

[0246] In the process of establishing or modifying session management policy associations, the PCF can send the aforementioned business information, threshold information, and corresponding policy control and charging (PCC) rules to the SMF.

[0247] After receiving service information, threshold information, PCC rules, etc., the SMF can send service information and / or threshold information to other network elements (e.g., RAN, UPF, UE, etc.).

[0248] In some implementations, the SMF can send threshold information to the UPF and instruct the UPF to determine whether the UE is requesting media fragmentation based on the threshold information.

[0249] For example, as shown in step 404, the SMF can send the corresponding PDR, sixth indication information, and threshold information to the UPF side through the N4 session establishment procedure or the N4 session modification procedure. The sixth indication information is used to instruct the UPF to determine whether the UE is requesting media fragmentation based on the threshold information.

[0250] In some implementations, the SMF can send threshold information and service information to the access network device and instruct the access network device to determine whether the UE is requesting media fragmentation based on the threshold information.

[0251] For example, as shown in steps 405a and 406a, the SMF can send third indication information, threshold information and service information to the access network device, wherein the third indication information is used to instruct the access network device to determine whether the UE is requesting media fragmentation based on the threshold information.

[0252] In step 405a, the SMF may send at least one of the following to the AMF: third indication information, service information, and threshold information. For example, the SMF may send at least one of the following to the AMF through the N2 SM container: third indication information, service information, and threshold information.

[0253] In step 406b, the AMF may send at least one of the following to the access network device: third indication information, service information, and threshold information. For example, the AMF may send the aforementioned N2 SMcontainer to the access network device via an N2 PDU session request message.

[0254] In some implementations, the SMF can send service information to the UE and instruct the UE to report the requested bitrate.

[0255] For example, as shown in steps 405b, 406b and 407, the SMF can send a seventh indication information and / or service information to the UE, wherein the seventh indication information is used to indicate the code rate requested by the UE.

[0256] In step 405b, the SMF can send the seventh indication information and / or service information to the AMF. For example, the SMF can send the seventh indication information and / or service information to the AMF through the N1SM container.

[0257] Step 406b: The AMF sends the seventh indication information and / or service information to the access network device. For example, the AMF can send the aforementioned N1 SM container to the access network device via a NAS message.

[0258] Step 407: The access network device may send the seventh indication information and / or service information to the UE. For example, the access network device may send the seventh indication information and / or service information via a NAS message.

[0259] Step 408: Each network element completes the remaining PDU session establishment process or PDU session modification process.

[0260] It should be noted that the information sent by the SMF to the access network equipment, UPF, and UE may differ depending on the technical solution. For example, when the UPF determines whether the UE is requesting media fragmentation based on threshold information, it may not send threshold information to the access network equipment. Similarly, when the access network equipment determines whether the UE is requesting media fragmentation based on threshold information, it may not send threshold information to the UPF. Furthermore, when either the UPF or the access network equipment determines whether the UE is requesting media fragmentation based on threshold information, it may not send the seventh indication information and service information to the UE. In other words, depending on the technical solution, the SMF may send or not send some or all of the aforementioned information related to media service transmission to the access network equipment, UPF, and UE.

[0261] Through the above technical solution, the application server can inform the access network equipment and core network equipment of information related to media service transmission through the network capability open interface and the PDU session establishment or modification process, thereby providing relevant information for the current PDU session or future PDU sessions to ensure that optimized operations can be performed for the corresponding media services.

[0262] In this application, after the PDU session is established, when the UE accesses media services, the access network device can determine whether the UE is requesting a new media segment, and if it is determined that the UE is requesting a new media segment, it can schedule air interface radio resources for the new media segment in advance.

[0263] 1. The UPF detects whether the UE is requesting a new media fragment.

[0264] Figure 5 This is a schematic flowchart illustrating the method for transmitting media services provided in the embodiments of this application. Figure 5 The method shown can be executed by UE, RAN, AMF, SMF, UPF, or by units or modules (e.g., circuits, chips, system on chip (SOC)) in UE, RAN, AMF, SMF, UPF. The following description takes UE, RAN, AMF, SMF, UPF as the execution subject.

[0265] Figure 5 The method shown may include at least some of the following.

[0266] Step 501: The UE sends an uplink service data packet to the UPF. Correspondingly, the UPF receives the data packet from the UE.

[0267] Step 502: The UPF determines whether the UE is accessing media services based on the received data packets.

[0268] Optionally, the UPF can determine whether the UE is accessing a media service based on the PDR packet detection rules from the SMF. For example, the UPF can determine whether the UE is accessing a media service based on the target server IP address, port number, and protocol type.

[0269] If the UPF detects that the UE is accessing media services, the UPF can further execute step 503.

[0270] Step 503: UPF determines whether the UE is requesting media fragmentation based on the size of the received data packet (or the data packet load).

[0271] In some implementations, the UPF determines whether the UE is requesting media fragmentation based on the size of the received data packet and preset conditions. These preset conditions can include the data packet size being greater than a first load threshold, or the data packet size being less than a second load threshold, or the data packet size being greater than the first load threshold and less than the second load threshold, etc.

[0272] Since the uplink data packets for media services, aside from TCP layer acknowledgments (ACKs), are essentially media fragmentation request messages, the UPF can determine whether the UE is requesting the next media fragment based on the size of the received data packets. For example, if the data packet size is greater than the first load threshold, the UPF can determine that the UE is requesting a media fragment. Similarly, if the data packet size is less than the second load threshold, the UPF can determine that the UE is requesting a media fragment. Furthermore, if the data packet size is greater than the first load threshold but less than the second load threshold, the UPF can determine that the UE is requesting a media fragment.

[0273] There are many ways for UPF to determine the size of a data packet. For example, UPF can determine the size of a data packet based on the total length field of the IP header, or based on the storage space occupied by the data packet, or through other methods that can determine the size or load of the data packet. This application does not make any specific limitations.

[0274] When it is determined that the UE is requesting media fragmentation, the UPF can send a second indication message to the access network device, indicating to the access network device that the UE is requesting media fragmentation. There are many ways for the UPF to send the second indication message to the access network device, and this application embodiment does not specifically limit this. For example, the UPF can send the second indication message through methods such as... Figure 5 The method shown, either method 1 or method 2, sends a second instruction message to the access network device.

[0275] Method 1: Steps 504-505

[0276] In step 504, the UPF sends a second instruction message to the SMF. Correspondingly, the SMF receives the second instruction message from the UPF.

[0277] Optionally, the UPF can send the second instruction information to the SMF through the N4 session reporting process.

[0278] Step 505: After receiving the second indication information sent by the UPF, the SMF sends the second indication information to the access network device.

[0279] Optionally, the SMF can send the second indication information to the access network device via an N2 SM message.

[0280] In this method, the UPF sends a second instruction message to the access network device via the SMF.

[0281] Method 2: Step 506

[0282] In this approach, the UPF can directly send the second indication information to the access network device. For example, the UPF can carry the second indication information in the GTP layer of the downlink data and send the second indication information to the access network device by sending downlink data.

[0283] Downlink data can be downlink data packets, empty packets (or empty data packets) constructed by UPF, etc.

[0284] Step 507: After receiving the second indication information, the access network device can determine whether the UE is requesting media fragmentation based on the second indication information.

[0285] Step 508: The access network device estimates the amount of data in the media fragment.

[0286] In some implementations, the access network device can determine a first bitrate based on the current network conditions and network demand information corresponding to at least one bitrate identifier in the service information, and / or information used to assist in bitrate selection. Then, based on the first bitrate and the data volume corresponding to at least one bitrate identifier in the service information, it can determine the estimated data volume corresponding to the first bitrate, i.e., the estimated data volume of the media segment. The network demand information can include bandwidth requirements, latency requirements, rate requirements, etc.

[0287] In other implementations, the user equipment can report the requested bitrate. That is, the access network device can obtain the first bitrate from the user equipment and determine the amount of data corresponding to the first bitrate, i.e., the estimated amount of data for the media segment, based on the first bitrate and the amount of data corresponding to at least one bitrate identifier in the service information.

[0288] In other implementations, when it is determined that the user equipment is requesting media fragmentation, the access network device can directly determine the data volume of the media fragment based on the network demand information corresponding to the maximum bit rate and / or the data volume corresponding to the maximum bit rate.

[0289] Step 509: The access network device reserves transmission resources for the next media segment based on the data volume determined in step 508. These transmission resources can be air interface transmission resources.

[0290] In other implementations, the access network device can reserve transmission resources for the next media segment based on the data volume and time information determined in step 508. The time information indicates an estimated arrival time for the next media segment. In other words, the access network device can consider the arrival time of the media segments when determining transmission resources, which helps improve the utilization rate of transmission resources.

[0291] Time information can be determined by the access network device, for example, it can be an empirical value set by the access network device itself. Time information can also be obtained by the access network device from other network elements, for example, it can be an empirical value from the UPF or from an external application server.

[0292] It should be noted that if the UPF detects that the UE is accessing media services, and the SMF does not respond accordingly... Figure 4 If the information related to media service transmission is not sent to the access network device or UE in the PDU session establishment or PDU session modification process shown, steps 510 and 511 can still be executed.

[0293] Step 510: The UPF sends a fifth indication message to the SMF. Correspondingly, the SMF receives the fifth indication message sent by the UPF. This fifth indication message indicates that the UPF has detected media service.

[0294] Step 511: After receiving the fifth indication information, the SMF may send some or all of the aforementioned information related to media service transmission to the access network device or the UE. For example, the SMF may send service information, threshold information, and the third indication information to the access network device. As another example, the SMF may send the seventh indication information to the UE.

[0295] Through the above technical solution, the UPF can determine whether the UE is requesting the next media fragment based on the load status of the received uplink data packets, thereby determining the media request behavior on the UE side and instructing it to the access network device. This enables the access network device to perform pre-scheduling of air interface radio resources, providing a guarantee for the subsequent downlink media fragment transmission.

[0296] 2. The access network equipment detects whether the UE is requesting a new media fragment.

[0297] Figure 6 This is a schematic flowchart illustrating the method for transmitting media services provided in the embodiments of this application. Figure 6 The method shown can be executed by UE, RAN, AMF, SMF, UPF, or by units or modules (e.g., circuits, chips, SOCs, etc.) in UE, RAN, AMF, SMF, UPF. The following description takes UE, RAN, AMF, SMF, UPF as the executing entities as an example.

[0298] and Figure 5 The difference is that, in Figure 6 In the method shown, the access network device detects whether the UE is requesting a new media fragment. Figure 6 The method shown may include at least some of the following.

[0299] Step 601: The UE sends an uplink data packet.

[0300] Step 602: The access network device determines whether the UE is requesting media fragmentation based on the size of the received data packet (or the data packet load).

[0301] In some implementations, the access network device determines whether the UE is requesting media fragmentation based on the size of the received data packet and preset conditions. These preset conditions may include the data packet size being greater than a first load threshold, or the data packet size being less than a second load threshold, or the data packet size being greater than the first load threshold and less than the second load threshold, etc.

[0302] Since the uplink data packets for media services, aside from TCP layer acknowledgments (ACKs), are essentially media fragmentation request messages, the access network device can determine whether the UE is requesting the next media fragment based on the size of the received data packets. For example, if the data packet size is greater than a first load threshold, the access network device can determine that the UE is requesting a media fragment. Similarly, if the data packet size is less than a second load threshold, the access network device can determine that the UE is requesting a media fragment. Furthermore, if the data packet size is greater than the first load threshold but less than the second load threshold, the access network device can determine that the UE is requesting a media fragment.

[0303] There are many ways for access network devices to determine the size of data packets. For example, access network devices can determine the size of data packets based on the storage space occupied by the data packets, or through other methods that can determine the size or load of data packets. This application embodiment does not make specific limitations.

[0304] Step 603: When it is determined that the UE is requesting media fragmentation, the access network device can estimate the data volume of the media fragment.

[0305] Step 604: The access network device reserves transmission resources for the next media segment based on the data volume determined in step 603. These transmission resources can be air interface transmission resources.

[0306] The implementation methods of steps 603 and 604 can be referred to the descriptions of steps 508 and 509, and will not be repeated here.

[0307] Similarly, if SMF does not... Figure 4 In the PDU session establishment or PDU session modification process shown, the above-mentioned information related to media service transmission is sent to the access network device or UE, and steps 605-607 can also be executed.

[0308] Step 605: The UPF determines whether the UE is accessing media services based on the received uplink data packets.

[0309] Optionally, the UPF can determine whether the UE is accessing a media service based on the PDR packet detection rules from the SMF. For example, the UPF can determine whether the UE is accessing a media service based on the target server IP address, port number, and protocol type.

[0310] If the UPF detects that the UE is accessing media services, the UPF can further execute step 606.

[0311] Step 606: The UPF sends a fifth indication message to the SMF. Correspondingly, the SMF receives the fifth indication message sent by the UPF. This fifth indication message is used to indicate that the UPF has detected media service.

[0312] Specifically, the UPF sends the fifth instruction information to the SMF side through the N4 session reporting process.

[0313] Step 607: After receiving the fifth indication information, the SMF may send some or all of the aforementioned information related to media service transmission to the access network device or the UE. For example, the SMF may send service information, threshold information, and the third indication information to the access network device. As another example, the SMF may send the seventh indication information to the UE.

[0314] Through the above technical solution, the access network device can determine whether the UE is requesting the next media segment based on the load status of the received uplink data packets, thereby determining the media request behavior on the UE side, and further pre-scheduling air interface radio resources according to the corresponding network demand information, so as to provide a guarantee for the subsequent downlink media segment transmission.

[0315] 3. The UE requests a media fragment with a specific bit rate from the access network equipment.

[0316] Figure 7 This is a schematic flowchart illustrating the method for transmitting media services provided in the embodiments of this application. Figure 7 The method shown can be executed by UE, RAN, AMF, SMF, UPF, PCF, AF / AS, or by units or modules (e.g., circuits, chips, SOCs, etc.) in UE, RAN, AMF, SMF, UPF, PCF, AF / AS. The following description takes UE, RAN, AMF, SMF, UPF, PCF, AF / AS as the executing entities.

[0317] and Figure 5 and Figure 6 The same is true, in Figure 7 In the method shown, the UE directly instructs the access network device to request media fragments and the corresponding bit rate for the media fragments. Figure 7 The method shown may include at least some of the following.

[0318] Step 701: The user equipment requests media fragmentation.

[0319] For example, when a user device determines that it needs to request a new media segment, it sends a media segment request message.

[0320] After determining that a new media segment needs to be requested, the user equipment can send a first indication message and a fourth indication message to the access network equipment. The first indication message is used to instruct the user equipment to request a media segment, and the fourth indication message is used to instruct the user equipment to request a bitrate.

[0321] In some implementations, the user equipment can determine the bitrate of the requested media segment based on the current network conditions and the network demand information corresponding to the identification information, or the user equipment can determine the bitrate of the requested media segment based on the current network conditions, the network demand information corresponding to the identification information, and the information used to assist in bitrate selection.

[0322] It should be noted that the first indication information and the fourth indication information can be the same information. For example, the user equipment can use one information bit to indicate the bitrate of the media segment requested by the UE and that the UE is requesting a media segment with the corresponding bitrate. The first indication information and the fourth indication information can also be different information. For example, the user equipment can use two information bits, one to indicate that the UE is requesting a media segment and the other to indicate the bitrate of the media segment requested by the UE.

[0323] There are many ways for the UE to send the first indication information and the fourth indication information, and this application embodiment does not specifically limit them. For example, it can be done through methods such as... Figure 7The methods shown are 1, 2, and 3.

[0324] Method 1: Step 702

[0325] In this method, the user equipment directly sends the first instruction information and the fourth instruction information to the access network equipment.

[0326] For example, the UE can send first indication information and fourth indication information to the access network device through RRC messages.

[0327] For example, the UE can add first and fourth indication information to the PDCP layer extension bits of the uplink data, or reuse existing information elements in the RRC message as first and fourth indication information. By sending uplink data to the access network device, the first and fourth indication information can be sent to the access network device.

[0328] For example, the UE can extend the existing ANBRQ message by adding first and fourth indication information. By sending the extended ANBRQ message to the access network device, the first and fourth indication information can be sent to the access network device.

[0329] Method 2: Steps 703-705

[0330] Step 703: The UE sends the first indication information and the fourth indication information to the UPF.

[0331] For example, the UE can put the first indication information and the fourth indication information into the TCP / IP layer of the uplink data (e.g., in the option field) and send them to the UPF.

[0332] Step 704: After receiving the first instruction information and the fourth instruction information, the UPF sends the first instruction information and the fourth instruction information to the SMF.

[0333] For example, when the UPF detects uplink data, it can trigger the N4 session reporting process when it detects the first and fourth indication information in the TCP / IP layer of the uplink data, thereby sending the first and fourth indication information to the SMF.

[0334] Step 705: After receiving the first instruction information and the fourth instruction information, the SMF sends the first instruction information and the fourth instruction information to the access network device.

[0335] For example, the SMF can send the first indication information and the fourth indication information to the access network device via the N2 SM message.

[0336] In this method, the user equipment sends the first indication information and the fourth indication information to the access network equipment through the UPF and SMF.

[0337] Method 3: Steps 706-707

[0338] In step 706, the UE sends the first indication information and the fourth indication information to the UPF.

[0339] For example, the UE can put the first indication information and the fourth indication information into the TCP / IP layer of the uplink data (e.g., in the option field) and send them to the UPF.

[0340] In step 707, after receiving the first indication information and the fourth indication information, the UPF directly sends the first indication information and the fourth indication information to the access network device.

[0341] For example, when the UPF detects uplink data, it can directly send the first and fourth indication information in the TCP / IP layer of the uplink data to the access network device through the GTP layer of the downlink data.

[0342] In this method, the user equipment sends the first indication information and the fourth indication information to the access network equipment through the UPF.

[0343] After receiving the first instruction information and the fourth instruction information, the access network device can execute step 708.

[0344] It should be noted that the user equipment can add the first indication information and the fourth indication information to the media segmentation request message, or send them separately from the media segmentation request message, without limitation.

[0345] Step 708: After receiving the first instruction information and the fourth instruction information, the access network device can perform resource pre-scheduling based on the first instruction information and the fourth instruction information.

[0346] In some implementations, the access network device can determine that the user equipment is requesting media fragmentation based on the first indication information, and reserve transmission resources for the next media fragment based on the bit rate indicated by the fourth indication information and the amount of data corresponding to that bit rate.

[0347] The specific implementation methods for reserving transmission resources in access network equipment can be found in the relevant descriptions above, and will not be repeated here.

[0348] It should be noted that if the UE does not receive information related to media service transmission sent by the network side during the PDU session establishment process or PDU session modification process, the UE can also execute step 709.

[0349] Step 709: The UE receives seventh indication information and service information from the application server. The seventh indication information indicates the bitrate requested by the UE, and the service information may include at least one bitrate identifier.

[0350] For example, the UE can receive seventh instruction information and service information sent by the application server through application layer information.

[0351] With the above technical solution, the UE can directly send the media segmentation request information and the bitrate information of the specific media segment to the access network device when initiating a new media segmentation request. This allows the access network device to determine the network requirements and data size of the downlink media segment to be received based on the media segmentation request and bitrate information, and to perform air interface resource scheduling in advance to ensure reliable and fast transmission of downlink media segments.

[0352] It should be noted that, in different scenarios or under different conditions, Figures 4 to 7 The network elements such as UE, RAN, AMF, SMF, UPF, PCF, and AF / AS can also be replaced with other network elements with the same or similar functions. This application does not specifically limit this.

[0353] It should be understood that the various solutions in the embodiments of this application can be used in a reasonable combination, and the explanations or descriptions of the various terms appearing in the embodiments can be referenced or explained to each other in the various embodiments, without limitation.

[0354] It should also be understood that, in the various embodiments of this application, the sequence numbers of the above processes do not imply the order of execution; the execution order of each process should be determined by its function and internal logic. The various numerical numbers or sequence numbers involved in the above processes are merely for descriptive convenience and should not constitute any limitation on the implementation process of the embodiments of this application.

[0355] The above, combined with Figures 3 to 7 The methods provided in the embodiments of this application are described in detail below. Figures 8 to 10 The apparatus provided in the embodiments of this application will be described in detail.

[0356] Figure 8 This is a schematic block diagram of a communication device provided in an embodiment of this application. Figure 8 As shown, the communication device 800 may include a transceiver unit 810 and a processing unit 820.

[0357] The transceiver unit 810 may include a transmitting unit and / or a receiving unit. The transceiver unit 810 may be a transceiver (including a transmitter and / or receiver), an input / output interface (including input and / or output interfaces), pins, or circuitry, etc. The transceiver unit 810 can be used to perform the transmitting and / or receiving steps in the above method embodiments.

[0358] The processing unit 820 may be a processor (which may include one or more), a processing circuit with processor functions, etc., and may be used to perform other steps in the above method embodiments besides sending and receiving.

[0359] Optionally, the communication device may further include a storage unit, which may be a memory, an internal storage unit (e.g., a register, a cache, etc.), or an external storage unit (e.g., a read-only memory, a random access memory, etc.). The storage unit is used to store instructions, and the processing unit 820 executes the instructions stored in the storage unit to cause the communication device to perform the aforementioned method.

[0360] In one design, the communication device 800 may correspond to an access network device in any of the above methods, and may perform the operations performed by the access network device in the corresponding method.

[0361] For example, the transceiver unit 810 is configured to receive a first data packet. The processing unit 820 is configured to, based on the first data packet, determine a first service requested by the user equipment from the application layer; determine the amount of data requested by the user equipment for the first service; and determine transmission resources based on the amount of data, wherein the transmission resources are used to transmit the first service.

[0362] It should be understood that the transceiver unit 810 and the processing unit 820 can also perform other operations performed by the access network device in any of the above methods, which will not be described in detail here.

[0363] In one design, the communication device 800 may correspond to a user equipment in any of the methods described above, and may perform the operations performed by the user equipment in the corresponding method.

[0364] For example, the transceiver unit 810 is used to request a first service; send a first data packet, the first data packet including first indication information and / or fourth indication information, the first indication information being used to instruct the user equipment to request the first service of the application layer, the fourth indication information being used to instruct a first code rate, the first code rate being used to determine the data volume of the first service.

[0365] It should be understood that the transceiver unit 810 and the processing unit 820 can also perform other operations performed by the user equipment in any of the above methods, which will not be described in detail here.

[0366] In one design, the communication device 800 may correspond to the UPF in any of the above methods, and may perform the operations performed by the UPF in the corresponding method.

[0367] For example, transceiver unit 810 is configured to receive a second data packet from a user equipment. Processing unit 820 is configured to determine, based on the size of the second data packet, that the user equipment requests a first application layer service. Transceiver unit 810 is further configured to send a first data packet to an access network device, the first data packet including second indication information, the second indication information being used to instruct the user equipment to request the first service.

[0368] It should be understood that the transceiver unit 810 and the processing unit 820 can also perform other operations performed by the UPF in any of the above methods, which will not be described in detail here.

[0369] In one design, the communication device 800 may correspond to the application server in any of the above methods, and may execute the operations performed by the application server in the corresponding method.

[0370] For example, processing unit 820 is configured to determine at least one of the following information: identification information, network demand information corresponding to the identification information, data volume corresponding to the identification information, a first load threshold, a second load threshold, time information, and information for assisting in selecting a code rate, wherein the identification information is used to indicate the code rate, and the time information is used to indicate an estimated time for the first service to arrive at the access network device. Transceiver unit 810 is configured to transmit at least one of the following information: identification information, network demand information corresponding to the identification information, data volume corresponding to the identification information, a first load threshold, a second load threshold, time information, and information for assisting in selecting a code rate, wherein the identification information is used to indicate the code rate, and the time information is used to indicate an estimated time for the first service to arrive at the access network device.

[0371] It should be understood that the transceiver unit 810 and the processing unit 820 can also perform other operations performed by the application server in any of the above methods, which will not be described in detail here.

[0372] In one design, the communication device 800 may correspond to the SMF in any of the above methods, and may perform the operations performed by the SMF in the corresponding method.

[0373] For example, the transceiver unit 810 is configured to receive at least one of the following information from the application server: identification information, network demand information corresponding to the identification information, data volume corresponding to the identification information, a first load threshold, a second load threshold, time information, and information for assisting in selecting a code rate, wherein the identification information is used to indicate the code rate, and the time information is used to indicate an estimated time when the first service arrives at the access network device; and to send at least one of the following information to the access network device: the identification information, network demand information corresponding to the identification information, data volume corresponding to the identification information, a first load threshold, a second load threshold, time information, a third indication information, and the information for assisting in selecting a code rate, or, send the first load threshold and / or the second load threshold and a sixth indication information to the User Plane Function (UPF), or, send the identification information and a seventh indication information to the User Equipment (UE), wherein the third indication information is used to indicate whether the UE requests the first service of the application layer as determined by the access network device, the sixth indication information is used to indicate whether the UE requests the first service of the application layer as determined by the UPF, and the seventh indication information is used to indicate the code rate for which the UE has reported a request.

[0374] It should be understood that the transceiver unit 810 and the processing unit 820 can also perform other operations performed by the SMF in any of the above methods, which will not be described in detail here.

[0375] It should be understood that the above division of units is only a functional division, and there may be other division methods in actual implementation.

[0376] It should also be understood that the above processing unit can be implemented in hardware, software, or a combination of both.

[0377] Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a communication device provided in this application. Figure 9 As shown, the communication device 900 can realize the functions that any network element can achieve in any of the above method embodiments.

[0378] The communication device 900 may include a processor 910. The processor 910, also referred to as a processing unit, can perform certain control functions. The processor 910 can be used to control the communication device 900, execute software programs, and process data from the software programs.

[0379] In an alternative design, the processor 910 may also store instructions and / or data that can be executed by the processor 910 to cause the communication device 900 to perform the methods described in the above method embodiments.

[0380] Optionally, the communication device 900 may include a memory 920, which may store instructions that can be executed on the processor, causing the communication device 900 to perform the methods described in the above method embodiments. Optionally, the memory may also store data. Optionally, the processor may also store instructions and / or data. The processor and memory may be configured separately or integrated together. For example, the correspondence described in the above method embodiments may be stored in the memory or in the processor.

[0381] Optionally, the communication device 900 may include a baseband circuit 930, which is mainly used for baseband processing.

[0382] Optionally, the communication device 900 may include a radio frequency (RF) circuit 940, mainly used for transmitting and receiving RF signals and converting RF signals to baseband signals, such as for transmitting BAR frames in the above method embodiments. The RF circuit 940 may also be referred to as a transceiver unit, transceiver, transceiver circuit, or transceiver, etc.

[0383] Optionally, the communication device 900 may include an antenna 950, which is mainly used for transmitting and receiving signals.

[0384] Optionally, the communication device 900 may include a bus 960 for connecting various parts of the communication device 900, such as the processor 910, memory 920, baseband circuit 930, radio frequency circuit 940 and antenna 950 described above.

[0385] Figure 10 This is a schematic diagram of a communication device 1000 provided in this application. For ease of explanation, Figure 10 Only the main components of the communication device 1000 are shown. This communication device 1000 can implement the functions of the user equipment in any of the above method embodiments.

[0386] like Figure 10 As shown, the communication device 1000 includes a processor and a memory.

[0387] Optionally, the communication device 1000 includes a control circuit, an antenna, and input / output devices.

[0388] The processor is primarily used to process communication protocols and data, control the entire communication device 1000, execute software programs, and process software program data, such as supporting the communication device 1000 in performing the operations performed by the user equipment described in the above method embodiments. The memory is primarily used to store software programs and data. The control circuit is primarily used for converting baseband signals to radio frequency signals and processing radio frequency signals. The control circuit and antenna together can also be called a transceiver, primarily used for transmitting and receiving radio frequency signals in the form of electromagnetic waves. Input / output devices, such as touchscreens, displays, and keyboards, are primarily used to receive user input data and output data to the user.

[0389] When the communication device 1000 is powered on, the processor can read the software program from the storage unit, interpret and execute the instructions of the software program, and process the data of the software program. When data needs to be transmitted wirelessly, the processor performs baseband processing on the data to be transmitted and outputs the baseband signal to the radio frequency (RF) circuit. The RF circuit then performs RF processing on the baseband signal and transmits the RF signal outward in the form of electromagnetic waves through the antenna. When data is sent to the communication device 1000, the RF circuit receives the RF signal through the antenna, converts the RF signal into a baseband signal, and outputs the baseband signal to the processor. The processor converts the baseband signal back into data and processes the data.

[0390] Those skilled in the art will understand that, for ease of explanation, Figure 10 Only one memory and processor are shown. In a real communication device 1000, multiple processors and memories may exist. The memory may also be referred to as a storage medium or storage device, etc., and this application embodiment does not limit this.

[0391] As an optional implementation, the processor may include a baseband processor and a central processing unit. The baseband processor is mainly used to process communication protocols and communication data, while the central processing unit is mainly used to control the entire communication device 1000, execute software programs, and process the data of the software programs. Figure 10The processor in the communication device 1000 integrates the functions of a baseband processor and a central processing unit. Those skilled in the art will understand that the baseband processor and the central processing unit can also be independent processors interconnected via technologies such as buses. It will also be understood that the communication device 1000 can include multiple baseband processors to adapt to different network standards, and multiple central processing units to enhance its processing capabilities. The various components of the communication device 1000 can be connected via various buses. The baseband processor can also be described as a baseband processing circuit or a baseband processing chip. The central processing unit can also be described as a central processing circuit or a central processing chip. The function of processing communication protocols and communication data can be built into the processor or stored in the storage unit as a software program, with the processor executing the software program to implement the baseband processing function.

[0392] For example, in the embodiments of this application, the antenna and control circuit with transceiver functions can be regarded as the transceiver unit 1010 of the communication device 1000, and the processor with processing functions can be regarded as the processing unit 1020 of the communication device 1000. Figure 10 As shown, the communication device 1000 includes a transceiver unit 1010 and a processing unit 1020. The transceiver unit can also be referred to as a transceiver, transceiver device, or transceiver apparatus. Optionally, the device in the transceiver unit 1010 used to implement the receiving function can be considered as a receiving unit, and the device in the transceiver unit 1010 used to implement the transmitting function can be considered as a transmitting unit; that is, the transceiver unit 1010 includes a receiving unit and a transmitting unit. For example, the receiving unit can also be referred to as a receiver, receiver circuit, or receiving device, and the transmitting unit can be referred to as a transmitter, transmitter, or transmitting circuit.

[0393] It should be noted that the processor in the embodiments of this application can be an integrated circuit chip with signal processing capabilities. During implementation, each step of the above method embodiments can be completed by the integrated logic circuits in the processor's hardware or by instructions in software form. The processor described above can be a general-purpose processor, a digital signal processor (DSP), an application-specific integrated circuit (ASIC), a field-programmable gate array (FPGA), or other programmable logic devices, discrete gate or transistor logic devices, discrete hardware components, a system-on-a-chip (SoC), a central processing unit (CPU), a network processor (NP), a microcontroller unit (MCU), a programmable logic device (PLD), or other integrated chips. It is understood that the memory in the embodiments of this application can be volatile memory or non-volatile memory, or may include both volatile and non-volatile memory. The non-volatile memory can be read-only memory (ROM), programmable read-only memory (PROM), erasable programmable read-only memory (EPROM), electrically erasable programmable read-only memory (EEPROM), or flash memory. The volatile memory can be random access memory (RAM), which serves as an external cache. By way of example, but not limitation, many forms of RAM are available, such as static RAM (SRAM), dynamic RAM (DRAM), synchronous DRAM (SDRAM), double data rate synchronous DRAM (DDR SDRAM), enhanced synchronous DRAM (ESDRAM), synchronous linked DRAM (SLDRAM), and direct rambus RAM (DR RAM).It should be noted that the memory of the systems and methods described herein is intended to include, but is not limited to, these and any other suitable types of memory.

[0394] According to the method provided in the embodiments of this application, this application also provides a computer program product, which includes: computer program code, which, when run on a computer, causes the computer to perform the operation performed by any network element (e.g., user equipment, access network equipment, core network equipment, etc.) in any of the aforementioned method embodiments.

[0395] According to the method provided in the embodiments of this application, this application also provides a computer-readable medium storing program code, which, when run on a computer, causes the computer to perform the operations performed by any network element (e.g., user equipment, access network equipment, core network equipment, etc.) in the foregoing method embodiments.

[0396] According to the method provided in the embodiments of this application, this application also provides a communication system, which includes one or more network elements in any of the method embodiments.

[0397] This application also provides a communication device, including a processor and an interface; the processor is used to execute the method in any of the above method embodiments.

[0398] It should be understood that the aforementioned communication device can be a chip. For example, the processing device can be a field-programmable gate array (FPGA), a general-purpose processor, a digital signal processor (DSP), an application-specific integrated circuit (ASIC), an off-the-shelf FPGA, or other programmable logic devices, discrete gate or transistor logic devices, discrete hardware components, a system on-chip (SoC), a central processing unit (CPU), a network processor (NP), a digital signal processing circuit (DSP), a microcontroller unit (MCU), a programmable logic device (PLD), or other integrated chips. It can implement or execute the various methods, steps, and logic block diagrams disclosed in the embodiments of this application. The general-purpose processor can be a microprocessor or any conventional processor. The steps of the methods disclosed in the embodiments of this application can be directly embodied in the execution of a hardware decoding processor, or executed by a combination of hardware and software modules in the decoding processor. The software module can reside in a mature storage medium in the field, such as random access memory, flash memory, read-only memory, programmable read-only memory, electrically erasable programmable memory, or registers. This storage medium is located in memory, and the processor reads information from the memory and, in conjunction with its hardware, completes the steps of the above method.

[0399] It is understood that the memory in the embodiments of this application can be volatile memory or non-volatile memory, or may include both volatile and non-volatile memory. The non-volatile memory can be read-only memory (ROM), programmable read-only memory (PROM), erasable programmable read-only memory (EPROM), electrically erasable programmable read-only memory (EEPROM), or flash memory. The volatile memory can be random access memory (RAM), which is used as an external cache. By way of example, but not limitation, many forms of RAM are available, such as static random access memory (SRAM), dynamic random access memory (DRAM), synchronous dynamic random access memory (SDRAM), double data rate synchronous dynamic random access memory (DDR SDRAM), enhanced synchronous dynamic random access memory (ESDRAM), synchronous linked dynamic random access memory (SLDRAM), and direct rambus RAM (DR RAM). It should be noted that the memory used in the systems and methods described herein is intended to include, but is not limited to, these and any other suitable types of memory.

[0400] In the above embodiments, implementation can be achieved, in whole or in part, through software, hardware, firmware, or any combination thereof. When implemented in software, it can be implemented, in whole or in part, as a computer program product. The computer program product includes one or more computer instructions. When the computer instructions are loaded and executed on a computer, all or part of the processes or functions described in the embodiments of this application are generated. The computer can be a general-purpose computer, a special-purpose computer, a computer network, or other programmable device. The computer instructions can be stored in a computer-readable storage medium or transmitted from one computer-readable storage medium to another. For example, the computer instructions can be transmitted from one website, computer, server, or data center to another via wired (e.g., coaxial cable, fiber optic, digital subscriber line (DSL)) or wireless (e.g., infrared, wireless, microwave, etc.) means. The computer-readable storage medium can be any available medium accessible to a computer or a data storage device such as a server or data center that integrates one or more available media. The available media may be magnetic media (e.g., floppy disks, hard disks, magnetic tapes), optical media (e.g., high-density digital video discs (DVDs)), or semiconductor media (e.g., solid-state disks (SSDs)).

[0401] In the above-described device embodiments, the network devices and terminal devices in the method embodiments completely correspond to each other, with corresponding modules or units executing the corresponding steps. For example, the communication unit (transceiver) executes the receiving or sending steps in the method embodiments, while other steps besides sending and receiving can be executed by the processing unit (processor). The functions of specific units can be found in the corresponding method embodiments. There can be one or more processors.

[0402] The terms “component,” “module,” “system,” etc., used in this specification are used to refer to computer-related entities, hardware, firmware, combinations of hardware and software, software, or software in execution. For example, a component can be, but is not limited to, a process running on a processor, a processor, an object, an executable file, an execution thread, a program, or a computer. As illustrated, applications running on computing devices and computing devices can both be components. One or more components may reside in a process or execution thread, and components may be located on a single computer or distributed among two or more computers. Furthermore, these components can be executed from various computer-readable media on which various data structures are stored. Components can communicate, for example, via local or remote processes based on signals having one or more data packets (e.g., data from two components interacting with another component between a local system, a distributed system, or a network, such as the Internet interacting with other systems via signals).

[0403] It should be understood that the term "embodiment" used throughout this specification means that a specific feature, structure, or characteristic related to an embodiment is included in at least one embodiment of this application. Therefore, various embodiments throughout this specification do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment. Furthermore, these specific features, structures, or characteristics can be combined in any suitable manner in one or more embodiments.

[0404] It should be understood that in the embodiments of this application, the designations "first", "second", etc. are only for distinguishing different objects, such as different network devices, and do not constitute a limitation on the scope of the embodiments of this application. The embodiments of this application are not limited thereto.

[0405] It should also be understood that in this application, “when…”, “if” and “if” all refer to the network element making a corresponding processing under certain objective circumstances, and are not time-limited, nor do they require the network element to make a judgment when it is implemented, nor do they mean that there are other limitations.

[0406] It should also be understood that in this application, "at least one" means one or more, and "more than one" means two or more.

[0407] It should also be understood that in the embodiments of this application, "B corresponding to A" means that B is associated with A, and B can be determined based on A. However, it should also be understood that determining B based on A does not mean that B is determined solely based on A; B can also be determined based on A and / or other information.

[0408] It should also be understood that the term "and / or" in this article is merely a description of the relationship between related objects, indicating that three relationships can exist. For example, A and / or B can represent: A existing alone, A and B existing simultaneously, or B existing alone. Additionally, the character " / " in this article generally indicates that the preceding and following related objects have an "or" relationship.

[0409] In this application, expressions such as "the item includes one or more of the following: A, B, and C" generally mean, unless otherwise specified, that the item can be any one of the following: A; B; C; A and B; A and C; B and C; A, B and C; A and A; A, A and A; A, A and B; A, A and C, A, B and B; A, C and C; B and B, B, B and B, B, B and C, C and C; C, C and C, and other combinations of A, B, and C. The above example uses three elements, A, B, and C, to illustrate the possible entries for the item. When expressed as "the item includes at least one of the following: A, B, ..., and X," that is, when the expression contains more elements, then the applicable entries for the item can also be obtained according to the aforementioned rules.

[0410] It is understood that in the embodiments of this application, the terminal device and / or network device may perform some or all of the steps in the embodiments of this application. These steps or operations are merely examples, and the embodiments of this application may also perform other operations or variations thereof. Furthermore, the various steps may be performed in different orders as presented in the embodiments of this application, and it is not necessarily necessary to perform all the operations in the embodiments of this application.

[0411] Those skilled in the art will recognize that the units and algorithm steps of the various examples described in conjunction with the embodiments disclosed herein can be implemented in electronic hardware, or a combination of computer software and electronic hardware. Whether these functions are implemented in hardware or software depends on the specific application and design constraints of the technical solution. Those skilled in the art can use different methods to implement the described functions for each specific application, but such implementation should not be considered beyond the scope of this application.

[0412] Those skilled in the art will clearly understand that, for the sake of convenience and brevity, the specific working processes of the systems, devices, and units described above can be referred to the corresponding processes in the foregoing method embodiments, and will not be repeated here.

[0413] In the several embodiments provided in this application, it should be understood that the disclosed systems, apparatuses, and methods can be implemented in other ways. For example, the apparatus embodiments described above are merely illustrative; for instance, the division of units is only a logical functional division, and in actual implementation, there may be other division methods. For example, multiple units or components may be combined or integrated into another system, or some features may be ignored or not executed. Furthermore, the coupling or direct coupling or communication connection shown or discussed may be through some interfaces; the indirect coupling or communication connection between apparatuses or units may be electrical, mechanical, or other forms.

[0414] The units described as separate components may or may not be physically separate. The components shown as units may or may not be physical units; that is, they may be located in one place or distributed across multiple network units. Some or all of the units can be selected to achieve the purpose of this embodiment according to actual needs.

[0415] In addition, the functional units in the various embodiments of this application can be integrated into one processing unit, or each unit can exist physically separately, or two or more units can be integrated into one unit.

[0416] If the aforementioned functions are implemented as software functional units and sold or used as independent products, they can be stored in a computer-readable storage medium. Based on this understanding, the technical solution of this application, in essence, or the part that contributes to the prior art, or a portion of the technical solution, can be embodied in the form of a software product. This computer software product is stored in a storage medium and includes several instructions to cause a computer device (which may be a personal computer, server, or network device, etc.) to execute all or part of the steps of the methods described in the various embodiments of this application. The aforementioned storage medium includes various media capable of storing program code, such as USB flash drives, portable hard drives, read-only memory (ROM), random access memory (RAM), magnetic disks, or optical disks.

[0417] The above description is merely a specific embodiment of this application, but the scope of protection of this application is not limited thereto. Any variations or substitutions that can be easily conceived by those skilled in the art within the scope of the technology disclosed in this application should be included within the scope of protection of this application. Therefore, the scope of protection of this application should be determined by the scope of the claims.

Claims

1. A method for transmitting services, characterized in that, The method is applied to an access network device or a module or unit within an access network device, and the method includes: Receive the first data packet; Based on the size of the first data packet, the media fragment of the first service requested by the user equipment at the application layer is determined, wherein the first data packet is the uplink data packet sent by the user equipment to the user plane function element UPF. Determine the data volume of the media segment; Before the media segment arrives, transmission resources are determined based on the data volume, and these transmission resources are used to transmit the media segment.

2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that, Determining the media segment for which the user equipment requests the first service based on the size of the first data packet includes: Based on the fact that the size of the first data packet meets a preset condition, it is determined that the user equipment requests a media fragment of the first service. The preset conditions are as follows: The size of the data packet is greater than the first load threshold; or, The packet size is less than the second payload threshold; or, The size of the data packet is greater than the first load threshold and less than the second load threshold.

3. The method according to claim 2, characterized in that, The method further includes: The user equipment receives the first load threshold value and / or the second load threshold value, as well as the third indication information, from the Session Management Function (SMF) element. The third indication information is used to instruct the access network device to determine whether the user equipment requests media fragmentation of the first service.

4. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that, The method further includes: The identification information and the corresponding data volume are received from the Session Management Function (SMF) network element. The identification information is used to indicate the code rate.

5. The method according to claim 4, characterized in that, The method further includes: receiving network requirement information corresponding to the identification information from the SMF; Determining the data volume of the media segment includes: The data volume of the media segment is determined based on the network conditions and the network demand information.

6. The method according to claim 4, characterized in that, The method further includes: Receive information from the SMF to assist in selecting the code rate.

7. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that, The step of determining the transmission resources based on the data volume includes: Based on the data volume and time information, the transmission resources are determined, wherein the time information is used to indicate an estimated arrival time of the media fragment.

8. A communication device, characterized in that, Includes modules or units for performing the method as described in any one of claims 1 to 7.

9. A communication device, characterized in that, The device includes a processor and a memory, the processor and the memory being coupled, the memory being used to store a computer program, and the processor being used to execute the computer program stored in the memory to implement the method as described in any one of claims 1 to 7.

10. A chip, characterized in that, The device includes a processor and a memory, the processor and the memory being coupled, the memory being used to store a computer program, and the processor being used to execute the computer program stored in the memory to implement the method as described in any one of claims 1 to 7.

11. A computer-readable storage medium, characterized in that, Includes a computer program that, when run on a computer, causes the computer to perform the method as described in any one of claims 1 to 7.

12. A computer program product, characterized in that, Includes a computer program, which, when run, performs the method as described in any one of claims 1 to 7.

13. A communication system, characterized in that, Includes at least one of the following communication devices: An access network device for performing the method as described in any one of claims 1 to 7; or, Session Management Function (SMF) element used for communicating with the access network equipment.

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