Organic solar cell based on self-assembled complex modified anode and preparation method thereof

Abstract

The present invention discloses an organic solar cell based on a self-assembled complex modified anode and a preparation method thereof. The organic solar cell comprises a glass substrate, an anode layer, an anode buffer layer, a photoactive layer, a cathode buffer layer and a cathode layer stacked in sequence; the anode buffer layer is a self-assembled complex. The preparation method comprises: subjecting the surface of the anode layer located on the glass substrate to ultraviolet ozone treatment; spin-coating a self-assembled complex solution on the treated surface of the anode layer, or soaking the treated glass substrate containing the anode layer in the self-assembled complex solution for 6 to 24 hours; then annealing at 50 to 80°C for 5 to 10 minutes under a nitrogen atmosphere, and then washing with methanol to form an anode buffer layer on the surface of the anode layer; and sequentially preparing a photoactive layer, a cathode buffer layer and a cathode layer on the prepared anode buffer layer to obtain an organic solar cell based on a self-assembled complex modified anode.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the field of organic solar cells, and in particular to an organic solar cell based on a self-assembled complex modified anode and a preparation method thereof. Background Art

[0002] Currently, with the rapid development of the global economy and modern industry, the demand for energy is rapidly increasing, leading to the depletion of fossil fuels such as coal and oil. Although other types of new energy sources, such as hydropower, nuclear power, wind power, and tidal power generation, are being developed and have made some progress, they are either limited in quantity or still face the risk of environmental pollution. Therefore, the development of new energy sources is imminent. As a new generation of clean and renewable energy technology, organic solar cells have attracted widespread attention from researchers at home and abroad in recent years due to their advantages such as low cost, light weight, flexibility, solution processing, printable production, and wide source of raw materials. The photoelectric conversion efficiency (PCE) of organic solar cells has developed rapidly in the past few years, and the efficiency of single-junction devices has now exceeded 19% [Adv. Mater. 2021, 2102420; Adv. Mater. 2022, 2109516]. However, compared with perovskite solar cells, the efficiency of organic solar cells still has room for improvement.

[0003] At present, the main methods to improve the photoelectric conversion efficiency of organic solar cells are: (1) developing new donor-acceptor material structures; (2) thin film preparation process; (3) interface engineering. Usually, high-efficiency organic solar cell devices use PEDOT:PSS as a hole transport material to modify the indium tin oxide (ITO) anode, but PEDOT:PSS is hydrophilic and weakly acidic, which will affect the stability of the device. In addition, some transition metal oxides such as V2O5 and MoO3 are also used to modify the anode, but the preparation process of such oxides is complicated and requires vacuum or high-temperature treatment, which is not conducive to industrialization. It has been reported that the use of self-assembly materials to modify electrodes can effectively improve the photoelectric conversion efficiency of organic solar devices. Some researchers have effectively improved the ITO work efficiency by changing the molecular structure of self-assembly materials, achieving a high photoelectric conversion efficiency of 18.4% [ChemSusChem 2021,14,3569]. Self-assembly materials have simple molecular structures, high transmittance, and adjustable work function, and have great application prospects in modifying ITO anodes. However, there are currently few suitable self-assembly materials, and it is very necessary to develop new self-assembly materials. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The present invention provides an organic solar cell based on a self-assembled composite modified anode, and uses the self-assembled composite as an anode buffer layer to improve the photoelectric conversion efficiency of the organic solar cell device.

[0005] An organic solar cell based on a self-assembled composite modified anode, such as Figure 1 As shown, it includes a glass substrate, an anode layer, an anode buffer layer, a photoactive layer, a cathode buffer layer and a cathode layer stacked in sequence;

[0006] The anode buffer layer is the self-assembled composite, which is formed by self-assembly of a first organic compound H1 having a structure represented by general formula (I) and a second organic compound H2 having a structure represented by general formula (II);

[0007]

[0008] In the general formula (I) and (II):

[0009] L is a substituted or unsubstituted straight-chain alkyl group having 1 to 20 C atoms, or a substituted or unsubstituted straight-chain alkoxy group having 1 to 20 C atoms, or a substituted or unsubstituted straight-chain alkenyl group having 2 to 20 C atoms, or a substituted or unsubstituted straight-chain alkynyl group having 2 to 20 C atoms, or a substituted or unsubstituted aromatic group or heteroaromatic group having 5 to 40 ring atoms, or a combination of two or more of the foregoing groups, or is absent;

[0010] A is one of the following group structures, For the connection site:

[0011]

[0012] Due to the dispersion force, the fluorinated benzene and the benzene ring will be arranged alternately face to face with the fluorinated benzene-benzene units to form a columnar structure. At the same time, the phosphoric acid group, carboxylic acid group, thiol group and other S or O-containing groups (A groups) will be adsorbed to the metal or metal oxide surface by forming chemical bonds, hydrogen bonds or electrostatic effects. The two compounds of the structures shown in the general formula (I) and (II) proposed in the present invention respectively connect the pentafluoro-substituted benzene and the benzene ring to the functional groups such as the phosphoric acid group and the carboxylic acid group directly or through other chemical groups. When the two compounds of the structures shown in the general formula (I) and (II) are mixed in different proportions, a complex can be formed due to the interaction between fluorinated benzene and benzene. Using the complex as an anode buffer layer can accurately control the anode work efficiency, and is conducive to controlling the morphology of the active layer, thereby significantly improving the photoelectric conversion efficiency of the organic solar cell device.

[0013] In a preferred example, the anode layer is ITO.

[0014] In a preferred embodiment, the anode buffer layer is a monomolecular film.

[0015] In the anode buffer layer, a mass proportion X of the first organic compound H1 and a mass proportion Y of the second organic compound H2 independently satisfy 0<X<100% and 0<Y<100%.

[0016] In a preferred example, in the anode buffer layer, the mass ratio of the first organic compound H1 to the second organic compound H2 is 0.5 to 10:1.

[0017] In a preferred embodiment, the thickness of the photoactive layer is 100-110 nm.

[0018] In a preferred example, the photoactive layer is a high-efficiency material system, including at least one of PM6:Y6, PM6:BO-4Cl, etc.

[0019] In a preferred embodiment, the thickness of the cathode buffer layer is 5-10 nm.

[0020] In a preferred example, the cathode buffer layer is PFN-Br.

[0021] In a preferred embodiment, the thickness of the cathode layer is 90-100 nm.

[0022] In a preferred embodiment, the cathode layer is metal, including at least one of silver (Ag), aluminum (Al), etc.

[0023] The present invention also provides a method for preparing the organic solar cell based on the self-assembled complex modified anode, comprising the steps of:

[0024] (1) performing ultraviolet ozone treatment on the surface of the anode layer located on the glass substrate;

[0025] (2) spin coating the self-assembled complex solution on the surface of the anode layer treated in step (1), or soaking the glass substrate containing the anode layer treated in step (1) in the self-assembled complex solution for 6 to 24 hours; then annealing at 50 to 80° C. for 5 to 10 minutes under a nitrogen atmosphere, and then washing with methanol to form an anode buffer layer on the surface of the anode layer;

[0026] (3) preparing a photoactive layer, a cathode buffer layer and a cathode layer in sequence on the anode buffer layer prepared in step (2) to obtain the organic solar cell based on the self-assembled complex modified anode.

[0027] In step (1), the main purpose of the UV-ozone treatment is to change the hydrophobicity of the anode layer surface and improve the work function. In a preferred embodiment, the UV-ozone treatment time is 15 to 30 minutes.

[0028] In step (2), the self-assembled complex solution can be obtained by dissolving the self-assembled complex in a solvent.

[0029] In a preferred embodiment, in step (2), the solvent in the self-assembled complex solution includes at least one of methanol, ethanol, isopropanol, ethylene glycol, water, and the like.

[0030] In a preferred embodiment, in step (2), in the self-assembled complex solution, the ratio of the self-assembled complex to the solvent is 10 mg: 1 to 100 mL.

[0031] In a preferred embodiment, in step (2), the self-assembled complex solution is spin-coated on the surface of the anode layer treated in step (1) at a rotation speed of 6000-8000 rpm.

[0032] In step (3), a photoactive layer, a cathode buffer layer and a cathode layer can be sequentially prepared on the anode buffer layer prepared in step (2) by conventional methods in the art.

[0033] In a preferred embodiment, the method for preparing the photoactive layer is: spin coating the photoactive layer solution on the anode buffer layer prepared in step (2), and annealing the solution at 80-120° C. for 8-10 minutes under a nitrogen atmosphere to form the photoactive layer.

[0034] The cathode buffer layer can be prepared by spin coating a cathode buffer layer solution.

[0035] The cathode layer can be prepared by evaporation.

[0036] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following significant technical effects:

[0037] This invention utilizes a self-assembled composite as an anode buffer layer, achieving the first application of self-assembled composites in organic solar cells. The self-assembled composite has a simple molecular structure, and the anode interface work function can be precisely tuned by adjusting the molecular structure and the mass ratio of compounds (I) and (II) in the composite. Furthermore, the self-assembled film preparation process is simple, requiring low processing temperatures, making it suitable for large-area modules and potentially promoting the industrialization of organic solar cells. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0038] Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the structure of an organic solar cell device;

[0039] Figure 2 The current-voltage curves of the organic solar cells in Examples 1 to 5 under illumination are shown;

[0040] In the figure: 1. Glass substrate; 2. Anode layer; 3. Anode buffer layer; 4. Photoactive layer; 5. Cathode buffer layer; 6. Cathode layer. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0041] The present invention will be further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and specific examples. It should be understood that these examples are intended to illustrate the present invention and are not intended to limit the scope of the invention. The operating methods in the following examples where no specific conditions are specified are generally performed under conventional conditions or as recommended by the manufacturer.

[0042] Example 1

[0043] In this embodiment, the organic solar cell structure without an anode buffer layer includes a glass substrate, an anode layer, a photoactive layer, a cathode buffer layer, and a cathode layer from bottom to top. The specific preparation method is as follows:

[0044] 1. Cleaning of the anode glass substrate: The ITO-coated glass substrate is ultrasonically cleaned in an ultrasonic cleaner with detergent, deionized water, acetone, anhydrous ethanol, and isopropyl alcohol for 15 minutes, and then dried in a vacuum drying oven at 70-80°C to obtain the anode substrate with a clean surface required for the experiment.

[0045] 2. Preparation of the Active Layer: A clean, dried, ITO-coated glass substrate was treated with UV-ozone for 20 minutes. PM6 and BO-4Cl were dissolved in chloroform at a mass ratio of 1:1.2 to prepare a 17.6 mg / mL solution. DIO was then added to the solution at a volume ratio of 99.5:0.5 to obtain the active layer solution. The active layer solution was spin-coated at 2500 rpm for 30 seconds onto the treated anode buffer layer to form a film. After the film was completely dry, it was annealed at 80°C for 10 minutes to form the active layer with a thickness of 100 nm.

[0046] 3. Preparation of cathode buffer layer: 0.5 mg / mL PFN-Br methanol solution was spin-coated on the active layer to form an electron transport layer (spin coating speed: 3000 rpm; spin coating time: 30 seconds) with a thickness of 5 nm.

[0047] 4. Preparation of cathode layer: Use a vacuum evaporator to evaporate metal Ag onto the electron transport layer to form a 100 nm thick cathode layer.

[0048] At a light intensity of 100 mW / cm 2 The current-voltage curve of the device was tested under AM1.5 simulated sunlight, as shown in Figure 2 As shown, the open circuit voltage is 0.807V and the short circuit current density is 26.70mA / cm 2 , the filling factor is 69.12% and the PCE is 14.89%.

[0049] Example 2

[0050] In this embodiment, the organic solar cell structure based on PEDOT:PSS as the anode buffer layer includes an anode layer, an anode buffer layer, a photoactive layer, a cathode buffer layer, and a cathode layer from bottom to top. The specific preparation method is as follows:

[0051] 1. Cleaning of anode-containing glass substrate: same as in Example 1.

[0052] 2. Preparation of the Anode Buffer Layer: A clean, dried, ITO-coated glass substrate was UV-ozone treated for 20 minutes. A PEDOT:PSS solution was spin-coated onto the ITO surface at 3500 rpm and then annealed at 150°C for 15 minutes to form a 30 nm thick PEDOT:PSS-based anode buffer layer.

[0053] 3. Preparation of the Active Layer: Dissolve PM6 and BO-4Cl in chloroform at a mass ratio of 1:1.2 to a concentration of 17.6 mg / mL. Add DIO to the solution at a volume ratio of 99.5:0.5 to obtain the active layer solution. Spin-coat the active layer solution onto the anode buffer layer at 2500 rpm for 30 seconds to form a film. After the film is completely dry, anneal it at 80°C for 10 minutes to obtain the active layer with a thickness of 100 nm.

[0054] 4. Preparation of cathode buffer layer: same as in Example 1.

[0055] 5. Preparation of cathode layer: same as in Example 1.

[0056] At a light intensity of 100 mW / cm 2 The current-voltage curve of the device was tested under AM1.5 simulated sunlight, as shown in Figure 2 As shown, the open circuit voltage is 0.846 V and the short circuit current density is 27.57 mA / cm 2 , the filling factor is 74.83% and the PCE is 17.44%.

[0057] Example 3

[0058] In this embodiment, the organic solar cell structure based on the self-assembled compound as the anode buffer layer includes an anode layer, an anode buffer layer, a photoactive layer, a cathode buffer layer, and a cathode layer from bottom to top. The specific preparation method is as follows:

[0059] 1. Cleaning of anode-containing glass substrate: same as in Example 2.

[0060] 2. Preparation of the Anode Buffer Layer: A clean, dried ITO-coated glass substrate was treated with UV-ozone for 20 minutes. 10 mg of benzylphosphoric acid was dissolved in 10 mL of anhydrous methanol and stirred at room temperature under a nitrogen atmosphere for 12 hours. Once fully dissolved, the self-assembly solution was spin-coated at 8000 rpm onto the treated anode layer. Annealing was performed at 80°C under a nitrogen atmosphere for 10 minutes, followed by three rinses with methanol to form the anode buffer layer.

[0061] 3. Preparation of active layer: same as Example 2.

[0062] 4. Preparation of cathode buffer layer: same as in Example 2.

[0063] 5. Preparation of cathode layer: same as in Example 2.

[0064] At a light intensity of 100 mW / cm 2 The current-voltage curve of the device was tested under AM1.5 simulated sunlight, as shown in Figure 2 As shown, the open circuit voltage is 0.838V and the short circuit current density is 28.59mA / cm 2 , the filling factor is 72.73% and the PCE is 17.43%.

[0065] Example 4

[0066] In this embodiment, the organic solar cell structure based on the self-assembled compound as the anode buffer layer includes an anode layer, an anode buffer layer, a photoactive layer, a cathode buffer layer, and a cathode layer from bottom to top. The specific preparation method is as follows:

[0067] 1. Cleaning of anode-containing glass substrate: same as in Example 2.

[0068] 2. Preparation of the Anode Buffer Layer: A clean, dried ITO-coated glass substrate was treated with UV-ozone for 20 minutes. 10 mg of pentafluorobenzylphosphoric acid was dissolved in 10 mL of anhydrous methanol and stirred at room temperature under a nitrogen atmosphere for 12 hours. Once fully dissolved, the self-assembly solution was spin-coated at 8000 rpm onto the treated anode layer. Annealing was performed at 80°C under a nitrogen atmosphere for 10 minutes, followed by three rinses with methanol to form the anode buffer layer.

[0069] 3. Preparation of active layer: same as Example 2.

[0070] 4. Preparation of cathode buffer layer: same as in Example 2.

[0071] 5. Preparation of cathode layer: same as in Example 2.

[0072] At a light intensity of 100 mW / cm 2 The current-voltage curve of the device was tested under AM1.5 simulated sunlight, as shown in Figure 2 As shown, the open circuit voltage is 0.837 V and the short circuit current density is 28.37 mA / cm 2 , the filling factor is 75.05% and the PCE is 17.82%.

[0073] Example 5

[0074] In this embodiment, the organic solar cell structure based on the self-assembled composite as the anode buffer layer includes an anode layer, an anode buffer layer, a photoactive layer, a cathode buffer layer, and a cathode layer from bottom to top. The specific preparation method is as follows:

[0075] 1. Cleaning of anode-containing glass substrate: same as in Example 2.

[0076] 2. Preparation of the anode buffer layer: The cleaned and dried ITO-coated glass substrate was treated with UV ozone for 20 minutes. 100 mg of benzyl phosphoric acid and pentafluorobenzyl phosphoric acid were dissolved in 10 mL of anhydrous methanol respectively and stirred at room temperature for 12 hours in a nitrogen atmosphere. After full dissolution, 1 mL of benzyl phosphoric acid solution and 1 mL of pentafluorobenzyl phosphoric acid solution were mixed and diluted to 10 mL with methanol. The mixed and diluted self-assembled complex solution was spin-coated at 8000 rpm on the treated anode layer surface, annealed at 80 ° C for 10 minutes under a nitrogen atmosphere, and then washed 3 times with methanol to form an anode buffer layer.

[0077] 3. Preparation of active layer: same as Example 2.

[0078] 4. Preparation of cathode buffer layer: same as in Example 2.

[0079] 5. Preparation of cathode layer: same as in Example 2.

[0080] At a light intensity of 100 mW / cm 2 The current-voltage curve of the device was tested under AM1.5 simulated sunlight, as shown in Figure 2 As shown, the open circuit voltage is 0.845V and the short circuit current density is 28.74mA / cm 2 , the filling factor is 74.40% and the PCE is 18.04%.

[0081] Example 6

[0082] In this embodiment, the organic solar cell structure based on the self-assembled composite as the anode buffer layer includes an anode layer, an anode buffer layer, a photoactive layer, a cathode buffer layer, and a cathode layer from bottom to top. The specific preparation method is as follows:

[0083] 1. Cleaning of anode-containing glass substrate: same as in Example 2.

[0084] 2. Preparation of the anode buffer layer: The cleaned and dried ITO-coated glass substrate was treated with UV ozone for 20 minutes. 100 mg of phenylacetic acid and 200 mg of pentafluorophenylacetic acid were dissolved in 10 mL of anhydrous methanol respectively and stirred at room temperature for 12 hours under a nitrogen atmosphere. After full dissolution, 1 mL of phenylacetic acid solution and 1 mL of pentafluorophenylacetic acid solution were mixed and diluted to 10 mL with methanol. The mixed and diluted self-assembled complex solution was spin-coated at 8000 rpm on the treated anode layer surface, annealed at 80°C under a nitrogen atmosphere for 10 minutes, and then washed three times with methanol to form the anode buffer layer.

[0085] 3. Preparation of active layer: same as Example 2.

[0086] 4. Preparation of cathode buffer layer: same as in Example 2.

[0087] 5. Preparation of cathode layer: same as in Example 2.

[0088] At a light intensity of 100 mW / cm 2 The current-voltage curve of the device was tested under AM1.5 simulated sunlight, and the open circuit voltage was 0.831V and the short circuit current density was 28.37mA / cm 2 , the filling factor is 75.26% and the PCE is 17.74%.

[0089] Example 7

[0090] In this embodiment, the organic solar cell structure based on the self-assembled composite as the anode buffer layer includes an anode layer, an anode buffer layer, a photoactive layer, a cathode buffer layer, and a cathode layer from bottom to top. The specific preparation method is as follows:

[0091] 1. Cleaning of anode-containing glass substrate: same as in Example 2.

[0092] 2. Preparation of the anode buffer layer: The cleaned and dried ITO-coated glass substrate was treated with UV ozone for 20 minutes. 500 mg of 2-pentafluorophenylethanol and 100 mg of 2-phenylethanol were dissolved in 10 mL of anhydrous methanol respectively and stirred at room temperature for 12 hours under a nitrogen atmosphere. After full dissolution, 1 mL of 2-phenylethanol solution and 1 mL of 2-pentafluorophenylethanol solution were mixed and diluted to 10 mL with methanol. The mixed and diluted self-assembled complex solution was spin-coated at 8000 rpm on the treated anode layer surface, annealed at 80°C under a nitrogen atmosphere for 10 minutes, and then washed three times with methanol to form the anode buffer layer.

[0093] 3. Preparation of active layer: same as Example 2.

[0094] 4. Preparation of cathode buffer layer: same as in Example 2.

[0095] 5. Preparation of cathode layer: same as in Example 2.

[0096] At a light intensity of 100 mW / cm 2 The current-voltage curve of the device was tested under AM1.5 simulated sunlight, and the open circuit voltage was 0.842V and the short circuit current density was 27.93mA / cm 2 , the filling factor is 73.45% and the PCE is 17.27%.

[0097] Example 8

[0098] In this embodiment, the organic solar cell structure based on the self-assembled composite as the anode buffer layer includes an anode layer, an anode buffer layer, a photoactive layer, a cathode buffer layer, and a cathode layer from bottom to top. The specific preparation method is as follows:

[0099] 1. Cleaning of anode-containing glass substrate: same as in Example 2.

[0100] 2. Preparation of the Anode Buffer Layer: A clean, dried ITO-coated glass substrate was treated with UV-ozone for 20 minutes. 1 g of 2,3,4,5,6-pentafluoro-[1,1'-biphenyl]-4-boric acid and 100 mg of 4-biphenylboric acid were each dissolved in 10 mL of anhydrous methanol and stirred at room temperature under a nitrogen atmosphere for 12 hours. After complete dissolution, 1 mL of the 4-biphenylboric acid solution and 1 mL of the 2,3,4,5,6-pentafluoro-[1,1'-biphenyl]-4-boric acid solution were mixed and diluted to 10 mL with methanol. The mixed and diluted self-assembled complex solution was spin-coated at 8000 rpm onto the treated anode layer. The solution was annealed at 80°C under a nitrogen atmosphere for 10 minutes and then rinsed three times with methanol to form the anode buffer layer.

[0101] 3. Preparation of active layer: same as Example 2.

[0102] 4. Preparation of cathode buffer layer: same as in Example 2.

[0103] 5. Preparation of cathode layer: same as in Example 2.

[0104] At a light intensity of 100 mW / cm 2 The current-voltage curve of the device was tested under AM1.5 simulated sunlight, and the open circuit voltage was 0.830V and the short circuit current density was 27.77mA / cm 2 , the filling factor is 74.88% and the PCE is 17.26%.

[0105] It can be seen that the two compounds of the structures represented by general formula (I) and (II) used in the present invention can self-assemble to produce a synergistic effect, and as an anode buffer layer, can significantly improve the photoelectric conversion efficiency of the organic solar cell device.

[0106] In addition, it should be understood that after reading the above description of the present invention, those skilled in the art may make various changes or modifications to the present invention, and these equivalent forms also fall within the scope defined by the claims attached to this application.

Claims

1. An organic solar cell based on a self-assembled composite modified anode, characterized in that: It includes a glass substrate, an anode layer, an anode buffer layer, a photoactive layer, a cathode buffer layer and a cathode layer stacked in sequence; The anode buffer layer is the self-assembled composite, which is formed by self-assembly of a first organic compound H1 having a structure represented by general formula (I) and a second organic compound H2 having a structure represented by general formula (II) through dispersion force; in the anode buffer layer, the mass ratio of the first organic compound H1 to the second organic compound H2 is 0.5 to 10:1; In the general formula (I) and (II): L is a substituted or unsubstituted straight-chain alkyl group having 1 to 20 C atoms, or a substituted or unsubstituted straight-chain alkoxy group having 1 to 20 C atoms, or a substituted or unsubstituted straight-chain alkenyl group having 2 to 20 C atoms, or a substituted or unsubstituted straight-chain alkynyl group having 2 to 20 C atoms, or a substituted or unsubstituted aromatic group or heteroaromatic group having 5 to 40 ring atoms, or a combination of two or more of the foregoing groups, or is absent; A is one of the following group structures, For the connection site:

2. The organic solar cell based on a self-assembled complex modified anode according to claim 1, characterized in that: The anode layer is ITO.

3. The organic solar cell based on a self-assembled complex modified anode according to claim 1, characterized in that: The anode buffer layer is a monomolecular film.

4. The organic solar cell based on a self-assembled complex modified anode according to claim 1, characterized in that: The thickness of the photoactive layer is 100 to 110 nm; The photoactive layer is a high-efficiency material system, including at least one of PM6:Y6 and PM6:BO-4Cl.

5. The organic solar cell based on a self-assembled complex modified anode according to claim 1, characterized in that: The thickness of the cathode buffer layer is 5 to 10 nm; The cathode buffer layer is PFN-Br.

6. The organic solar cell based on a self-assembled complex modified anode according to claim 1, characterized in that: The thickness of the cathode layer is 90 to 100 nm; The cathode layer is metal, including at least one of silver and aluminum.

7. The method for preparing an organic solar cell based on a self-assembled complex modified anode according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that: Including steps: (1) performing ultraviolet ozone treatment on the surface of the anode layer located on the glass substrate; (2) spin coating the self-assembled complex solution on the surface of the anode layer treated in step (1), or soaking the glass substrate containing the anode layer treated in step (1) in the self-assembled complex solution for 6 to 24 hours; then annealing at 50 to 80° C. for 5 to 10 minutes under a nitrogen atmosphere, and then washing with methanol to form an anode buffer layer on the surface of the anode layer; (3) preparing a photoactive layer, a cathode buffer layer and a cathode layer in sequence on the anode buffer layer prepared in step (2) to obtain the organic solar cell based on the self-assembled complex modified anode.

8. The preparation method according to claim 7, characterized in that In step (2), the solvent in the self-assembled complex solution includes at least one of methanol, ethanol, isopropanol, ethylene glycol, and water.

9. The preparation method according to claim 7 or 8, characterized in that In step (2), in the self-assembled complex solution, the ratio of the self-assembled complex to the solvent is 10 mg: 1 to 100 mL.

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