Visible organic electroluminescent device

Abstract

The present application relates to an organic electroluminescent device comprising an emission layer B, which comprises a host material H B , a thermally activated delayed fluorescence (TADF) material E B and a sensitizer S B .

Description

[0001] The present application relates to an organic electroluminescent device comprising a light-emitting layer B, which comprises a host material H B , a thermally activated delayed fluorescence (TADF) material E B , and a depopulation agent S B .

[0002] Invention Description

[0003] Organic electroluminescent devices comprising one or more organic light-emitting layers, such as organic light-emitting diodes (OLEDs), light-emitting electrochemical cells (LECs) and light-emitting transistors, are becoming increasingly important. In particular, OLEDs are promising devices for electronic products such as screens, displays and lighting devices. Compared to most essentially inorganic electroluminescent devices, organic electroluminescent devices based on organic materials are generally more flexible and can be produced in particularly thin layers. Today already available OLED-based screens and displays have particularly beneficial bright colors, contrast, and are comparably efficient in terms of energy consumption.

[0004] A core element of an organic electroluminescent device for generating light is a light-emitting layer placed between an anode and a cathode. When a voltage (and current) is applied to the organic electroluminescent device, holes and electrons are injected from the anode and the cathode, respectively, into the light-emitting layer. Typically, a hole transport layer is located between the light-emitting layer and the anode, and an electron transport layer is located between the light-emitting layer and the cathode. The different layers are arranged in sequence. High-energy excitons are then generated by recombination of holes and electrons. Decay of this excited state (e.g., singlet state like S1 and / or triplet state like T1) to the ground state (S0) leads to the desired light emission.

[0005] In order to achieve efficient energy transfer and emission, organic electroluminescent devices comprise one or more host compounds and one or more emitter compounds as dopants. Thus, a challenge in producing organic electroluminescent devices is to improve the luminance level of the device (i.e. the brightness produced per current), to obtain the desired spectrum and to have the desired (long) lifetime.

[0006] Currently, there is still a lack of efficient and stable OLEDs emitting in the visible spectrum. Therefore, there is still an unmet technical need for organic electroluminescent devices with long lifetime and high quantum yield.

[0007] Surprisingly, the present application has found that a light-emitting layer of an organic electroluminescent device comprising a thermally activated delayed fluorescence (TADF) material, a depopulation agent and a host material provides an organic electroluminescent device with good lifetime and quantum yield and emitting in the visible light.

[0008] Thus, one aspect of the present application relates to an organic electroluminescent device comprising an emission layer B, which comprises

[0009] (i) a host material H B having a lowest excited singlet state energy level S1 H , a lowest excited triplet state energy level T1 H and a highest occupied molecular orbital HOMO(H HOMO ) having an energy of E B (H B );

[0010] (ii) a thermally activated delayed fluorescence (TADF) material E B having a lowest excited singlet state energy level S1 E , a lowest excited triplet state energy level T1 E and a highest occupied molecular orbital HOMO(E HOMO ) having an energy of E B (E B );

[0011] (iii) a vacancy-causing agent S B having a lowest excited singlet state energy level S1 S , optionally a lowest excited triplet state energy level T1 S and a highest occupied molecular orbital HOMO(S HOMO ) having an energy of E B (S B );

[0012] wherein E B emits thermally activated delayed fluorescence;

[0013] and satisfies the relationships expressed by the following formulae (1) to (3), and (4a) and (4b) or (5a) and (5b):

[0014] S1 H > S1 E (1)

[0015] S1 H > S1 S (2)

[0016] S1 S > S1 E (3)

[0017] E HOMO (E B ) ≥ E HOMO (H B ) (4a)

[0018] 0.2 eV ≤ E HOMO (SB )-E HOMO (E B )≤0.8eV(4b)

[0019] E HOMO (H B )≥E HOMO (E B )(5a)

[0020] 0.2eV≤E HOMO (S B )-E HOMO (H B )≤0.8eV(5b)。

[0021] According to the present application, the host material H B has a lowest excited singlet state energy higher than the lowest excited singlet state energy of the thermally activated delayed fluorescence (TADF) material E B .

[0022] The host material H B has a lowest excited singlet state energy higher than the lowest excited singlet state energy of the space-creating agent S B . The TADF material E B has a lowest excited singlet state energy lower than the lowest excited singlet state energy of the space-creating agent S B .

[0023] In one aspect of the present application, the TADF material E B has an energy of the highest occupied molecular orbital (E HOMO (E B )) higher than the energy of the highest occupied molecular orbital of the host material H B (E HOMO (H B )) (i.e. the TADF material E B acts as the main hole transporting material). In this aspect, the space-creating agent S B has an energy of the highest occupied molecular orbital (E HOMO (S B )) higher than the energy of the highest occupied molecular orbital of the TADF material E B (E HOMO (E B )). Preferably, the energy difference between E HOMO (S B ) and E HOMO (E B ) is at least 0.2 eV and not more than 0.8 eV, in particular at least 0.25 eV and not more than 0.55 eV.

[0024] In another aspect of the present application, the host material H BThe highest occupied molecular orbital energy (E) HOMO (H B Higher than TADF material E B The highest occupied molecular orbital energy (E) HOMO (E B (That is, the host material acts as the primary hole transport material). In this respect, the cavitation agent S B The highest occupied molecular orbital energy (E) HOMO (S B Higher than the main material H B The highest occupied molecular orbital energy (E) HOMO (H B Preferably, E HOMO (S B )-E HOMO (H B The energy difference between them is at least 0.2 eV and not more than 0.8 eV, particularly at least 0.25 eV and not more than 0.55 eV. Preferably, E HOMO (S B )-E HOMO (E B The energy difference between them is at least 0.15 eV, at least 0.16 eV, at least 0.17 eV, at least 0.18 eV, at least 0.19 eV, at least 0.20 eV, at least 0.21 eV, at least 0.22 eV, at least 0.23 eV, at least 0.24 eV, or at least 0.25 eV. Preferably, E HOMO (S B )-E HOMO (E B The energy difference between them is not greater than 0.8 eV, not greater than 0.75 eV, not greater than 0.70 eV, not greater than 0.65 eV, not greater than 0.60 eV, or not greater than 0.55 eV.

[0025] In another aspect of the invention, the main material H B The energy of the highest occupied molecular orbital is equal to that of the TADF material E B The energy of the highest occupied molecular orbital. In this respect, the voiding agent S B The highest occupied molecular orbital energy (E) HOMO (S B Higher than the main material H B The highest occupied molecular orbital energy (E) HOMO (H B The energy E of the highest occupied molecular orbital in TADF materials B (E HOMO (E B Preferably, E HOMO (SB )-E HOMO (H B The energy difference and / or E between them HOMO (S B )-E HOMO (E B The energy difference between them is at least 0.2 eV and not more than 0.8 eV, particularly at least 0.25 eV and not more than 0.55 eV. Preferably, E HOMO (S B )-E HOMO (H B The energy difference between them is at least 0.15 eV, at least 0.16 eV, at least 0.17 eV, at least 0.18 eV, at least 0.19 eV, at least 0.20 eV, at least 0.21 eV, at least 0.22 eV, at least 0.23 eV, at least 0.24 eV, or at least 0.25 eV. Preferably, E HOMO (S B )-E HOMO (H B The energy difference between them is not greater than 0.8 eV, 0.75 eV, 0.70 eV, 0.65 eV, 0.60 eV, or 0.55 eV.

[0026] As used herein, the terms "TADF material," "TADF emitter," and "TADF emitter" are used interchangeably. When terms such as "emitter" or "emitter compound" are used, this is understood to preferably refer to the TADF material of the present invention, particularly one or more designated as E... B Materials.

[0027] According to the present invention, the TADF material is characterized by exhibiting a ΔE value of less than 0.4 eV. ST The value is preferably less than 0.3 eV, more preferably less than 0.2 eV. ΔE ST The value corresponds to the energy difference between the lowest excited singlet state (S1) and the lowest excited triplet state (T1).

[0028] Therefore, in the embodiments of the present invention, the TADF material E B Its characteristic lies in its correspondence to S1 E and T1 E The energy difference ΔE between ST The value is less than 0.4 eV. In a preferred embodiment of the invention, the TADF material E B Its characteristic lies in its ΔE ST The value is less than 0.3 eV and less than 0.2 eV.

[0029] In a preferred embodiment, the main material HB The lowest excited triplet state (T1) H The energy of ) is higher than that of TADF material E. B The lowest excited triplet state (T1) E ): T1 H >T1 E .

[0030] In one embodiment of the present invention, TADF material E B With air-inducing agent S B mass ratio (E) B :S B >1. In one embodiment of the invention, the mass ratio E B :S B Within the range of 1.5:1 to 30:1, within the range of 2:1 to 25:1, or within the range of 3:1 to 20:1. For example, the mass ratio E B :S B Within the range of (approximately) 20:1, 15:1, 12:1, 10:1, 8:1, 5:1, or 4:1.

[0031] As used herein, the terms organic electroluminescent device and photoelectric luminescent device can be understood in the broadest sense as any device including an emitting layer B, which comprises a host material H. B TADF material E B and air-inducing agent S B .

[0032] It should be understood that the light-emitting layer B may also contain more than one TADF material E. B and / or more than one type of air-inducing agent S B Each of them possesses the properties described herein. According to the present invention, the light-emitting layer B comprises at least one TADF material E. B and at least one air-inducing agent S B Each of them possesses the properties described herein. According to one embodiment of the invention, the light-emitting layer B comprises a TADF material E. B and a void-inducing agent S B Each of them possesses the characteristics described in this article.

[0033] As used herein, the terms organic electroluminescent device and photoelectric luminescent device can be understood in the broadest sense as any device including an emitting layer B, which comprises a host material H. B TADF material E B and air-inducing agent S B .

[0034] Organic electroluminescent devices can be broadly understood as any device based on organic materials that is suitable for emitting visible light or light in the near ultraviolet (UV) range, i.e., wavelengths of 380-800 nm. More preferably, organic electroluminescent devices are capable of emitting light in the visible range, i.e., wavelengths of 400 to 800 nm.

[0035] In a preferred embodiment, the organic electroluminescent device is selected from organic light-emitting diodes (OLEDs), light-emitting electrochemical cells (LECs), and light-emitting transistors.

[0036] Particularly preferred is the organic light-emitting device, which is an organic light-emitting diode (OLED). Optionally, the organic light-emitting device as a whole may be opaque, translucent, or (substantially) transparent.

[0037] In this invention, the term "layer" preferably refers to a body having a broad planar geometry. The thickness of the light-emitting layer B is preferably 1 mm or less, more preferably 0.1 mm or less, even more preferably 10 μm or less, even more preferably 1 μm or less, and particularly preferably 0.1 μm or less.

[0038] Those skilled in the art will understand that the light-emitting layer B is typically used in the organic electroluminescent device of the present invention. Preferably, the organic electroluminescent device comprises at least the following layers: at least one light-emitting layer B, at least one anode layer A, and at least one cathode layer C.

[0039] Preferably, the anode layer A contains a mixture selected from indium tin oxide, indium zinc oxide, PbO, SnO, graphite, doped silicon, doped germanium, doped GaAs, doped polyaniline, doped polypyrrole, doped polythiophene, and two or more of these.

[0040] Preferably, the cathode layer C comprises a mixture or alloy selected from Al, Au, Ag, Pt, Cu, Zn, Ni, Fe, Pb, In, W, Pd, LiF, Ca, Ba, Mg, and two or more thereof.

[0041] Preferably, the light-emitting layer B is located between the anode layer A and the cathode layer C. Therefore, the preferred arrangement is generally ABC. This, of course, does not preclude the existence of one or more alternative layers, which may be present on each side of A, B, and / or C.

[0042] In a preferred embodiment, the organic electroluminescent device includes at least the following layers:

[0043] A) Anode layer A, which contains a mixture of two or more of the following: indium tin oxide, indium zinc oxide, PbO, SnO, graphite, doped silicon, doped germanium, doped GaAs, doped polyaniline, doped polypyrrole, doped polythiophene.

[0044] B) Emissive layer B; and

[0045] C) Cathode layer C, comprising a mixture or alloy of two or more of the following elements: Al, Au, Ag, Pt, Cu, Zn, Ni, Fe, Pb, In, W, Pd, LiF, Ca, Ba, Mg.

[0046] The light-emitting layer B is located between the anode layer A and the cathode layer C.

[0047] In one embodiment, when the organic electroluminescent device is an OLED, it may optionally include the following layer structure:

[0048] A) Anode layer A, exemplary comprising indium tin oxide (ITO);

[0049] HTL (Hole Transport Layer);

[0050] B) The light-emitting layer B according to the present invention as described herein;

[0051] ETL (Electronic Transport Layer); and

[0052] C) Cathode layer, exemplarily comprising Al, Ca and / or Mg.

[0053] Preferably, the layer order here is A-HTL-B-ETL-C.

[0054] In addition, organic electroluminescent devices may optionally include one or more protective layers to protect the device from harmful substances in the environment, including, for example, moisture, vapor and / or gases.

[0055] Preferably, the anode layer A is located on the surface of the substrate. The substrate can be formed of any material or material composition. Most commonly, a glass sheet is used as the substrate. Alternatively, a thin metal sheet (e.g., copper, gold, silver, or aluminum film) or a plastic film or sheet can be used. There is considerable flexibility in this regard. The anode layer A is primarily composed of a material capable of forming a (substantially) transparent film. Since at least one of the two electrodes should be (substantially) transparent to allow light emission from the OLED, either the anode layer A or the cathode layer C is transparent. Preferably, the anode layer A comprises a large amount or all of a transparent conductive oxide (TCO).

[0056] Such an anode layer A may, by way of example, include indium tin oxide, zinc aluminum oxide, tin fluoride oxide, zinc indium oxide, PbO, SnO, zirconium oxide, molybdenum oxide, vanadium oxide, tungsten oxide, graphite, doped Si, doped Ge, doped GaAs, doped polyaniline, doped polypyrrole, and / or doped polythiophene.

[0057] Particularly preferably, the anode layer A is (essentially) made of indium tin oxide (ITO) (e.g., (InO3)). 0.9(SnO2) 0.1 The composition is as follows. The roughness of the anode layer A caused by the transparent conductive oxide (TCO) can be compensated by using a hole injection layer (HIL). Furthermore, the HIL can promote the injection of quasi-charge carriers (i.e., holes) and facilitate the transport of quasi-charge carriers from the TCO to the hole transport layer (HTL). The hole injection layer (HIL) can include poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene) (PEDOT), polystyrene sulfonate (PSS), MoO2, V2O5, CuPC, or CuI, particularly a mixture of PEDOT and PSS. The hole injection layer (HIL) also prevents metal diffusion from the anode layer A to the hole transport layer (HTL). HILs can include, for example, PEDOT:PSS (poly-3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene:polystyrene sulfonate), PEDOT (poly-3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene), mMTDATA (4,4',4”-tris[phenyl(m-tolyl)amino]triphenylamine), Spiro-TAD (2,2',7,7'-tetra(n,n-diphenylamino)-9,9'-spirodifluorene), and DNTPD (N1,N1'-(biphenyl-4,4'-diyl)bis(N1-phenyl-N4,N4-di-m-tolylphenyl-1,4) -diamine), NPB(N,N'-nis-(1-naphthyl)-N,N'-bis-phenyl-(1,1'-biphenyl)-4,4'-diamine), NPNPB(N,N'-diphenyl-N,N'-di-[4-(N,N-diphenyl-amino)-phenyl]benzidine), MeO-TPD(N,N,N',N'-tetra(4-methoxyphenyl)-benzidine), HAT-CN(1,4,5,8,9,11-hexaazabenzohexacarbonyl) and / or Spiro-NPD(N,N'-diphenyl-N,N'-bis-(1-naphthyl)-9,9'-spirodifluorene-2,7-diamine)

[0058] Adjacent to the anode layer A or hole injection layer (HIL), a hole transport layer (HTL) is typically provided. Any hole transport compound can be used here. Exemplarily, electron-rich heteroaromatic compounds such as triarylamines and / or carbazole can be used as hole transport compounds. The HTL can lower the energy barrier between the anode layer A and the light-emitting layer B (used as the light-emitting layer (EML)). The hole transport layer (HTL) can also be an electron blocking layer (EBL). Preferably, the hole transport compound has a higher energy triplet state T1. Exemplarily, the hole transport layer (HTL) can contain star-shaped heterocycles, such as tris(4-carbazolyl-9-ylphenyl)amine (TCTA), poly-TPD (poly(4-butylphenyl-diphenylamine)), α-NPD (poly(4-butylphenyl-diphenylamine)).

[0059] TAPC (4,4'-cyclohexyl-bis[N,N-bis(4-methylphenyl)aniline]), 2-TNATA (4,4',4”-tris[2-naphthyl(phenyl)-amino]triphenylamine), Spiro-TAD, DNTPD, NPB, NPPNB, MeO-TPD, HAT-CN, and / or TrisPcz (9,9'-diphenyl-6-(9-phenyl-9H-carbazole-3-yl)-9H,9'H-3,3'-bicarbazole). Furthermore, the HTL may include a p-doped layer, which may consist of inorganic or organic dopants in an organic hole transport matrix. Transition metal oxides such as vanadium oxide, molybdenum oxide, or tungsten oxide can be exemplary used as inorganic dopants.

[0060] Tetrafluorotetracyanoquinone dimethyl ether (F4-TCNQ), copper pentafluorobenzoate (Cu(I)pFBz), or transition metal complexes can be used as organic dopants by way of example.

[0061] EBLs may exemplary include mCP (1,3-bis(carbazole-9-yl)benzene), TCTA, 2-TNATA, mCBP (3,3-bis(9H-carbazole-9-yl)biphenyl), 9-[3-(dibenzofuran-2-yl)phenyl]-9H-carbazole, 9-[3-(dibenzofuran-2-yl)phenyl]-9H-carbazole, 9-[3-(dibenzothiophene-2-yl)benzene]-9H-carbazole, etc. [3,5-bis(2-dibenzofuranyl)phenyl]-9H-carbazole, 9-[3,5-bis(2-dibenzothiophene)phenyl]-9H-carbazole, tris-Pcz, CzSi (9-(4-tert-butylphenyl)-3,6-bis(triphenylsilyl)-9H-carbazole) and / or DCB (N,N'-dicarbazolyl-1,4-dimethylbenzene).

[0062] In one embodiment of the present invention, the cavitation agent S B Selected from fluorescent emitters and organic TADF emitters, wherein the organic TADF emitter is characterized by its ΔE ST The value is less than 0.4 eV.

[0063] In a preferred embodiment, the cavitation agent S B It is an organic TADF emitter or a combination of two or more organic TADF emitters. In a preferred embodiment, the cavitation agent S B It is an organic TADF emitter.

[0064] In another embodiment of the invention, the relationship represented by formulas (6a), (6b), or (6c) holds:

[0065] E HOMO (E B E HOMO(H B (6a)

[0066] E HOMO (H B E HOMO (E B (6b)

[0067] -0.2eV≤E HOMO (H B )-E HOMO (E B )≤0.2eV (6c).

[0068] In another embodiment of the invention, TADF material E B The lowest unoccupied molecular orbital LUMO (E B Energy E LUMO (E B ) and void-inducing agent S B The lowest unoccupied molecular orbital LUMO (S B Energy E LUMO (S B The relationship between ) satisfies equation (7):

[0069] E LUMO (S B E LUMO (E B (7).

[0070] In one embodiment of the present invention, the relationship represented by equation (8) holds:

[0071] 0.2eV≤E LUMO (S B )-E LUMO (E B )≤0.8eV (8a).

[0072] In one embodiment of the present invention, the cavitation agent S B It is a TADF material, i.e., one or more TADF emitters. Therefore, in one embodiment of the present invention, the cavitation agent S B Its characteristic lies in its correspondence to S1 S and T1 S The energy difference ΔE between ST The value is less than 0.4 eV. In a preferred embodiment of the invention, the cavitation agent S B Its characteristic lies in its ΔE ST Values ​​less than 0.3 eV, less than 0.2 eV, less than 0.1 eV, or even less than 0.05 eV.

[0073] In one embodiment of the present invention, TADF material EB and air-inducing agent S B All are organic TADF emitters.

[0074] In one embodiment of the present invention, TADF material E B The lowest excited triplet energy level T1 E The voltage is between 2.2 eV and 3.5 eV, preferably between 2.3 eV and 3.2 eV, more preferably between 2.4 eV and 3.1 eV, or even between 2.5 eV and 3.0 eV.

[0075] According to the present invention, the light-emitting layer B comprises at least one host material H B TADF material E B and air-inducing agent S B .

[0076] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the luminescent layer B comprises 39.8-98% by weight, more preferably 57-93% by weight, and even more preferably 74-87% by weight of the host compound H. B .

[0077] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the light-emitting layer B comprises 0.1-50% by weight, more preferably 0.5-40% by weight, and even more preferably 1-30% by weight of TADF material E. B .

[0078] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the light-emitting layer B contains 0.1-10% by weight, more preferably 0.5-8% by weight, and even more preferably 1-5% by weight of a cavitating agent S. B .

[0079] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, TADF material E B It is an organic TADF emitter or a combination of two or more organic TADF emitters.

[0080] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the cavitation agent S B It is an organic TADF light emitter, wherein the light-emitting layer B contains 0.1-10%, more preferably 0.5-8%, and even more preferably 1-5% of a cavitation agent S. B .

[0081] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the cavitation agent S B The luminescent layer B contains 0.1-10% by weight, more preferably 0.5-8%, and even more preferably 1-5% by weight of a cavitator S, which is an NRCT luminescent material. B .

[0082] In one embodiment of the present invention, the cavitation agent S BIt is a fluorescent emitter, wherein the luminescent layer B contains 0.1-10%, more preferably 0.5-8%, and even more preferably 1-5% by weight of a cavitating agent S. B .

[0083] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, TADF material E B An organic TADF light emitter, wherein the light-emitting layer B contains 1-50% by weight, more preferably 5-40% by weight, or even more preferably 10-30% by weight of TADF material E. B .

[0084] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, TADF material E B The NRCT emitter contains 0.1-10% by weight, more preferably 0.5-5% by weight, or even more preferably 1-3% by weight of TADF material E. B .

[0085] In a preferred embodiment of the invention, the light-emitting layer B comprises up to 93% by weight of one or more elements different from H. B Other main compounds H B2 .

[0086] In a preferred embodiment of the invention, the light-emitting layer B contains up to 93% by weight of one or more solvents.

[0087] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the light-emitting layer B comprises (or is composed of):

[0088] (i) 39.8-98% by weight, more preferably 57-93% by weight, even more preferably 74-87% by weight of the main compound H B ;

[0089] (ii) 0.1-50% by weight, more preferably 0.5-40% by weight, and even more preferably 1-30% by weight of TADF material E B ;and

[0090] (iii) 0.1-50% by weight, more preferably 0.5-40% by weight, even more preferably 1-30% by weight of cavitation agent S B ;as well as

[0091] (iv) Optionally, 0-60% by weight of one or more different from H B Other main compounds H B2 ;and

[0092] (v) Optionally, 0-60% (by weight) of one or more solvents; and

[0093] (vi) Optionally, 0-30% by weight of at least one additional emitter molecule F.

[0094] Preferably, the total content of (i) to (v) is 100% by weight.

[0095] In a preferred embodiment, the cavitation agent S B and TADF luminescent body E B Each is an independent NRCT luminescent body, wherein the luminescent layer B includes (or consists of) the following:

[0096] (i) 39.8-98% by weight, more preferably 57-93% by weight, even more preferably 74-87% by weight of the main compound H B ;

[0097] (ii) 0.1-10% by weight, more preferably 0.5-5% by weight, and even more preferably 1-3% by weight of TADF material E B ;and

[0098] (iii) 0.1-10% by weight, more preferably 0.5-5% by weight, even more preferably 1-3% by weight of cavitation agent S B ;as well as

[0099] (iv) Optionally, 0-60% by weight of one or more different from H B Other main compounds H B2 ;and

[0100] (v) Optionally, 0-60% by weight of one or more solvents; and

[0101] (vi) Optionally, 0-30% by weight of at least one additional emitter molecule F.

[0102] In a preferred embodiment, the cavitation agent S B It is an organic TADF emitter and the TADF material is E B It is an NRCT emitter, wherein the emitting layer B comprises (or consists of):

[0103] (i) 39.8-98% by weight, more preferably 57-93% by weight, even more preferably 74-87% by weight of the main compound H B ;

[0104] (ii) 0.1-10% by weight, more preferably 0.5-5% by weight, and even more preferably 1-3% by weight of TADF material E B ;and

[0105] (iii) 1-50% by weight, more preferably 5-40% by weight, even more preferably 10-30% by weight of cavitation agent SB ;as well as

[0106] (iv) Optionally, 0-59.9% by weight of one or more ingredients different from H B Other main compounds H B2 ;and

[0107] (v) Optionally, 0-59.9% by weight of one or more solvents; and

[0108] (vi) Optionally, 0-30% by weight of at least one additional emitter molecule F.

[0109] In a preferred embodiment, the cavitation agent S B It is an NRCT luminescent material and TADF material E B It is an organic TADF light emitter, wherein the light-emitting layer B comprises (or consists of) the following:

[0110] (i) 39.8-98% by weight, more preferably 57-93% by weight, even more preferably 74-87% by weight of the main compound H B ;

[0111] (ii) 1-50% by weight, more preferably 5-40% by weight, and even more preferably 10-30% by weight of TADF material E B ;and

[0112] (iii) 0.1-10% by weight, more preferably 0.5-5% by weight, even more preferably 1-3% by weight of cavitation agent S B ;as well as

[0113] (iv) Optionally, 0-59.1% by weight of one or more ingredients different from H B Other main compounds H B2 ;and

[0114] (v) Optionally, 0-59.1% by weight of one or more solvents; and

[0115] (vi) Optionally, 0-30% by weight of at least one additional emitter molecule F.

[0116] In a preferred embodiment, the cavitation agent S B It is a fluorescent emitter and TADF material E B It is an NRCT emitter, wherein the emitting layer B includes (or consists of) the following:

[0117] (i) 39.8-98% by weight, more preferably 57-93% by weight, even more preferably 74-87% by weight of the main compound H B ;

[0118] (ii) 0.1-10% by weight, more preferably 0.5-5% by weight, and even more preferably 1-3% by weight of TADF material E B ;and

[0119] (iii) 0.1-10% by weight, more preferably 0.5-5% by weight, even more preferably 1-3% by weight of cavitation agent S B ;as well as

[0120] (iv) Optionally, 0-60% by weight of one or more different from H B Other main compounds H B2 ;and

[0121] (v) Optionally, 0-60% by weight of one or more solvents; and

[0122] (vi) Optionally, 0-30% by weight of at least one additional emitter molecule F.

[0123] In a preferred embodiment, the cavitation agent S B It is a fluorescent emitter and TADF material E B It is an organic TADF emitter, wherein the emitting layer B includes (or consists of) the following:

[0124] (i) 39.8-98% by weight, more preferably 57-93% by weight, even more preferably 74-87% of the main compound H B ;

[0125] (ii) 1-50% by weight, more preferably 5-40% by weight, and even more preferably 10-30% by weight of TADF material E B ;and

[0126] (iii) 0.1-10% by weight, more preferably 0.5-5% by weight, even more preferably 1-3% by weight of cavitation agent S B ;as well as

[0127] (iv) Optionally, 0-59.1% by weight of one or more ingredients different from H B Other main compounds H B2 ;and

[0128] (v) Optionally, 0-59.1% by weight of one or more solvents; and

[0129] (vi) Optionally, 0-30% by weight of at least one additional emitter molecule F.

[0130] For example, the main material H B and / or other optional host compounds H B2It can be selected from CBP (4,4'-bis-(N-carbazolyl)-biphenyl), mCP,mCBP Sif87 (dibenzo[b,d]thiophen-2-yltriphenylsilane), CzSi,Sif88 (dibenzo[b,d]thiophen-2-yl)diphenylsilane), DPEPO (bis[2-(diphenylphosphino)phenyl] ether oxide), 9-[3-(dibenzofuran-2-yl)phenyl]-9H-carbazole, 9-[3-(dibenzothio-phenyl-2-yl)phenyl]-9H-carbazole, 9-[3,5- [Bis(2-dibenzofuranyl)phenyl]-9H-carbazole, 9-[3,5-bis(2-dibenzothiophene)phenyl]-9H-carbazole, T2T(2,4,6-tris(biphenyl-3-yl)-1,3,5-triazine), T3T(2,4,6-tris(triphenyl-3-yl)-1,3,5-triazine) and / or TST(2,4,6-tris(9,9'-spirodifluorene-2-yl)-1,3,5-triazine). In one embodiment of the invention, the emitter layer B comprises a so-called hybrid host system having at least one hole-dominant (n-type) host and one electron-dominant (p-type) host.

[0131] In one embodiment, the light-emitting layer B comprises TADF material E. B and air-inducing agent S B (Example of which is the second TADF material S) B ), and a cavity-dominant host H B It is selected from CBP, mCP, mCBP, 9-[3-(dibenzofuran-2-yl)phenyl]-9H-carbazole, 9-[3-(dibenzofuran-2-yl)phenyl]-9H-carbazole, 9-[3-(dibenzothiophen-2-yl)phenyl]-9H-carbazole, 9-[3,5-bis(2-dibenzofuranyl)phenyl]-9H-carbazole and 9-[3,5-bis(2-dibenzothiophene)phenyl]-9H-carbazole.

[0132] As used herein, unless otherwise specified in a particular context, the color of emitted and / or absorbed light is specified as follows:

[0133] Purple: Wavelength range >380-420nm;

[0134] Dark blue: wavelength range >420-470nm;

[0135] Sky blue: wavelength range >470-500nm;

[0136] Green: Wavelength range >500-560nm;

[0137] Yellow: Wavelength range >560-580nm;

[0138] Orange: Wavelength range >580-620nm;

[0139] Red: Wavelength range >620-800nm.

[0140] For emitter compounds, this color represents the maximum emission λ of poly(methyl methacrylate) (PMMA) films with an emitter concentration of 1-10 wt%. max PMMA Therefore, by way of example, the deep blue emitter has a maximum emission λ in the range of 420 to 470 nm. max PMMA The sky-blue emitter has a maximum emission λ in the range of 470 to 500 nm. max PMMA The green emitter has a maximum emission λ in the range of 500 to 560 nm. max PMMA The red emitter has a maximum emission λ in the range of 620 to 800 nm. max PMMA .

[0141] In one embodiment of the present invention, the organic electroluminescent device exhibits green emission.

[0142] In one embodiment of the present invention, the organic electroluminescent device emits blue light.

[0143] In one embodiment of the present invention, the organic electroluminescent device emits red light.

[0144] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the organic electroluminescent device exhibits a maximum emission λ of 440 to 560 nm. max (D)

[0145] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the organic electroluminescent device exhibits a maximum emission λ of 440 to 470 nm. max (D)

[0146] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the organic electroluminescent device exhibits a maximum emission value λ of 510 to 550 nm. max (D)

[0147] Near-range charge-transfer (NRCT) emitter

[0148] In the context of this invention, a near-range charge transfer (NRCT) emitter refers to any emitter whose emission spectrum exhibits a full width at half maximum (FWHM) of less than or equal to 0.25 eV (≤0.25 eV), measured in a PMMA at room temperature (RT) using 1% by weight of an NRCT emitter.

[0149] In this document, unless otherwise specified, each spectral characteristic determined herein was determined in PMMA at room temperature (RT) using 1% by weight of the corresponding emitter. Unless otherwise specified, FWHM was determined in PMMA at room temperature (RT) using 1% by weight of the corresponding emitter.

[0150] In a preferred embodiment of the invention, the NRCT emitter in the context of this invention is any emitter whose emission spectrum shows an FWHM of ≤0.24 eV, more preferably ≤0.23 eV, even more preferably ≤0.22 eV, ≤0.21 eV, or ≤0.20 eV, measured in a PMMA at room temperature (RT) using 1 wt% of the NRCT emitter. In other embodiments of the invention, the emitter exhibits an FWHM of ≤0.19 eV, ≤0.18 eV, ≤0.17 eV, ≤0.16 eV, ≤0.15 eV, ≤0.14 eV, ≤0.13 eV, ≤0.12 eV, or ≤0.11 eV.

[0151] Hatakeyama et al. described a typical NRCT emitter in the literature (Advanced Materials, 2016, 28(14):2777-2781, DOI:10.1002 / adma.201505491), which showed the delayed component in the time-resolved photoluminescence spectrum and exhibited close-range HOMO-LUMO separation. For the purposes of this invention, the emitter shown by Hatakeyama et al. can be both an NRCT emitter and a TADF emitter.

[0152] A typical NRCT emitter shows only one emission band in its emission spectrum, while a typical fluorescence emitter shows several different emission bands due to vibrational processes.

[0153] In one embodiment of the present invention, TADF material E B and / or cavitation agent S B It is an NRCT emitter. In one embodiment of the present invention, the TADF material E B and air-inducing agent S B Both are NRCT emitters. In another embodiment of the invention, the TADF material E B It is not an NRCT emitter. In this case, the TADF material E B It is a transmitter that displays TADF characteristics, but not the characteristics of an NRCT transmitter as defined herein. In another embodiment of the invention, the cavitation agent S B It is not an NRCT emitter. In this case, the cavitation agent S BIt is an emitter that does not possess the characteristics of an NRCT emitter as defined herein. In one embodiment of the invention, the cavitation agent S B It is a fluorescent emitter. In one embodiment of the invention, the cavitation agent S B It is a fluorescent emitter, not an NRCT emitter. In another embodiment of the invention, the TADF material E B and air-inducing agent S B Neither of them are NRCT emitters.

[0154] In each context of the invention, the NRCT emitter may optionally be a boron-containing NRCT emitter, particularly a blue boron-containing NRCT emitter.

[0155] In a preferred embodiment, TADF material E B It is an NRCT emitter.

[0156] In one embodiment, TADF material E B and / or cavitation agent S B It is a boron-containing NRCT emitter.

[0157] In one embodiment, TADF material E B and air-inducing agent S B It is a boron-containing NRCT emitter.

[0158] In a preferred embodiment, TADF material E B It is a boron-containing NRCT emitter.

[0159] In one embodiment, TADF material E B It is a blue boron-containing NRCT emitter.

[0160] In a preferred embodiment, the NRCT emitter comprises or is composed of polycyclic aromatic compounds.

[0161] TADF material E B and / or cavitation agent S B It contains or is composed of polycyclic aromatic compounds.

[0162] In a preferred embodiment, the material contains 1% by weight of TADF material E. B The membrane has an emission spectrum with a full width at half maximum (FWHM) of less than 0.2 eV.

[0163] In a preferred embodiment, TADF material E B It is a boron-containing emitter, and the emission spectrum of a thin film containing 1% boron by weight has a full width at half maximum (FWHM) of less than 0.2 eV.

[0164] In a preferred embodiment, TADF material EB It is a blue boron-containing emitter, and the emission spectrum of a thin film containing 1% boron by weight has a full width at half maximum (FWHM) of less than 0.2 eV.

[0165] In a preferred embodiment, TADF material E B The emission spectrum of a thin film containing or composed of polycyclic aromatic compounds at a content of 1% by weight has a full width at half maximum (FWHM) of less than 0.2 eV.

[0166] In a preferred embodiment, TADF material E B Polycyclic aromatic compounds that contain (or consist of) specific examples of those described in formula (1) or (2) or in US-A 2015 / 236274. US-A 2015 / 236274 also describes examples of the synthesis of such compounds.

[0167] In one embodiment, TADF material E B It includes or consists of a structure according to Formula I:

[0168]

[0169] Where n is 0 or 1.

[0170] m = 1 - n.

[0171] X 1 It is N or B.

[0172] X 2 It is N or B.

[0173] X 3 It is N or B.

[0174] W is selected from Si(R) 3 )2、C(R 3 )2 and BR 3 .

[0175] R 1 R 2 and R 3 Each of them is selected independently from:

[0176] C1-C5 alkyl groups, optionally substituted with one or more R groups 6 replace;

[0177] C6-C 60 aryl, which is optionally substituent by one or more R groups 6 Replace; and

[0178] C3-C 57 Heteroaryl groups, which are optionally substituents R 6 replace;

[0179] R I R II R III R IV R V R VI R VII R VIII R IX R X and R XI Each element is independently selected from: hydrogen, deuterium, and N(R) 5 2. OR 5 Si(R) 5 ))3、B(OR 5 2. OSO2R 5 CF3, CN, halogen

[0180] C1-C 40 Alkyl groups, optionally substituted with one or more R groups 5 Substitution, wherein one or more non-adjacent CH2- groups are each optionally replaced by R 5 C = CR 5 C≡C, Si(R) 5 )2、Ge(R 5 )2、Sn(R 5 )2. C=O, C=S, C=Se, C=NR 5 、P(=O)(R 5 SO, SO2, NR 5 O, S or CONR 5 replace;

[0181] C1-C 40 Alkoxy groups, which are optionally substituted by one or more R groups 5 Substitution, wherein one or more non-adjacent CH2- groups are each optionally replaced by R 5 C = CR 5 C≡C, Si(R) 5 )2、Ge(R 5 )2、Sn(R 5 )2. C=O, C=S, C=Se, C=NR 5 、P(=O)(R 5 SO, SO2, NR 5 O, S or CONR 5 replace;

[0182] C1-C 40 Thioalkoxy groups, which are optionally substituted with one or more R groups 5 Substitution, wherein one or more non-adjacent CH2- groups are each optionally replaced by R5 C = CR 5 C≡C, Si(R) 5 )2、Ge(R 5 )2、Sn(R 5 )2. C=O, C=S, C=Se, C=NR 5 、P(=O)(R 5 SO, SO2, NR 5 O, S or CONR 5 replace;

[0183] C2-C 40 Alkenyl group, which is optionally substituent by one or more R groups 5 Substitution, wherein one or more non-adjacent CH2- groups are each optionally replaced by R 5 C = CR 5 C≡C, Si(R) 5 )2、Ge(R 5 )2、Sn(R 5 )2. C=O, C=S, C=Se, C=NR 5 、P(=O)(R 5 SO, SO2, NR 5 O, S or CONR 5 replace;

[0184] C2-C 40 The alkynyl group, which is optionally substituent by one or more R groups 5 Substitution, wherein one or more non-adjacent CH2- groups are each optionally replaced by R 5 C = CR 5 C≡C, Si(R) 5 )2、Ge(R 5 )2、Sn(R 5 )2. C=O, C=S, C=Se, C=NR 5 、P(=O)(R 5 SO, SO2, NR 5 O, S or CONR 5 replace;

[0185] C6-C 60 aryl, which is optionally substituent by one or more R groups 5 Replace; and

[0186] C3-C 57 Heteroaryl groups, which are optionally substituents R 5 replace.

[0187] R 5Each time it appears, it is independently selected from the following group: hydrogen, deuterium, OPh, CF3, CN, F.

[0188] C1-C5 alkyl, wherein one or more hydrogen atoms are optionally substituted independently of each other by deuterium, CN, CF3 or F;

[0189] C1-C5 alkoxy groups, wherein one or more hydrogen atoms are independently substituted by deuterium, CN, CF3 or F;

[0190] C1-C5 thioalkoxy, wherein one or more hydrogen atoms are optionally substituted independently of each other by deuterium, CN, CF3 or F;

[0191] C2-C5 alkenyl, wherein one or more hydrogen atoms are optionally substituted independently of each other by deuterium, CN, CF3 or F;

[0192] C2-C5 ynyl group, wherein one or more hydrogen atoms are optionally substituted independently of each other by deuterium, CN, CF3 or F;

[0193] C6-C 18 Aryl group, which may optionally be substituted by one or more C1-C5 alkyl substituents;

[0194] C3-C 17 Heteroaryl groups, which may optionally be substituted by one or more C1-C5 alkyl substituents;

[0195] N(C6-C 18 Aryl)2,

[0196] N(C3-C 17 (heteroaryl)2; and

[0197] N(C3-C 17 (C6-C) 18 Aryl).

[0198] R 6 Each time it appears, it is independently selected from hydrogen, deuterium, OPh, CF3, CN, F,

[0199] C1-C5 alkyl, wherein one or more hydrogen atoms are optionally substituted independently of each other by deuterium, CN, CF3 or F;

[0200] C1-C5 alkoxy groups, wherein one or more hydrogen atoms are independently substituted by deuterium, CN, CF3 or F;

[0201] C1-C5 thioalkoxy, wherein one or more hydrogen atoms are optionally substituted independently of each other by deuterium, CN, CF3 or F;

[0202] C2-C5 alkenyl, wherein one or more hydrogen atoms are optionally substituted independently of each other by deuterium, CN, CF3 or F;

[0203] C2-C5 ynyl group, wherein one or more hydrogen atoms are optionally substituted independently of each other by deuterium, CN, CF3 or F;

[0204] C6-C 18 Aryl group, which may optionally be substituted by one or more C1-C5 alkyl substituents;

[0205] C3-C 17 Heteroaryl groups, which may optionally be substituted by one or more C1-C5 alkyl substituents;

[0206] N(C6-C 18 Aryl)2;

[0207] N(C3-C 17 (heteroaryl)2; and

[0208] N(C3-C 17 (C6-C) 18 Aryl).

[0209] According to a preferred embodiment, two or more adjacent components selected from R I R II R III R IV R V R VI R VII R VIII R IX R X and R XI The substituents can each form monocyclic or polycyclic, aliphatic, aromatic and / or benzo[a]cyclic fused ring systems.

[0210] According to a preferred embodiment, X 1 X 2 and X 3 At least one of them is B, X 1 X 2 and X 3 At least one of them is N.

[0211] According to a preferred embodiment of the present invention, at least one is selected from R I R II R III R IV R V R VI R VII R VIII R IX R Xand R XI The substituents may optionally form monocyclic or polycyclic, aliphatic, aromatic, and / or benzo[a]cyclic systems with one or more adjacent substituents of the same group.

[0212] According to a preferred embodiment of the present invention, X 1 X 2 and X 3 At least one of them is B, and X 1 X 2 and X 3 At least one of them is N.

[0213] In one embodiment, TADF material E B It contains (or consists of) a structure according to Equation 1 and n = 0.

[0214] In one implementation, R 1 and R 2 Each person independently selects from the following groups:

[0215] C1-C5 alkyl groups, optionally substituted with one or more R groups 6 replace;

[0216] C6-C 30 aryl, which is optionally substituent by one or more R groups 6 Replace; and

[0217] C3-C 30 Heteroaryl groups, which are optionally substituents R 6 replace.

[0218] In one implementation, R 1 and R 2 Each independently selected from Me, i Pr, t Bu, CN, CF3, Ph, which are optionally selected independently of each other from Me, i Pr, t Substituents of Bu, CN, CF3 and Ph;

[0219] Pyridyl group, which may optionally be selected independently of one or more of Me, i Pr, t Substituents of Bu, CN, CF3 and Ph;

[0220] Pyrimidinyl group, which may optionally be selected independently of one or more of Me, i Pr, t Substituents of Bu, CN, CF3, and Ph; and

[0221] Triazine group, which is optionally selected independently of one or more components from Me, i Pr, t Substituents of Bu, CN, CF3 and Ph.

[0222] In one implementation, R I R II R III R IV R V R VI R VII R VIII R IX R X and R XI Each of these elements is independently selected from: hydrogen, deuterium, halogen, Me, i Pr, t Bu,CN,CF3,

[0223] Ph, which is optionally selected independently of Me, i Pr, t Substituents of Bu, CN, CF3 and Ph;

[0224] Pyridyl group, which may optionally be selected independently of one or more of Me, i Pr, t Substituents of Bu, CN, CF3 and Ph;

[0225] Pyrimidinyl group, which may optionally be selected independently of one or more of Me, i Pr, t Substituents of Bu, CN, CF3 and Ph;

[0226] Carbazolyl, which is optionally selected independently of one or more Me, i Pr, t Substituent substitutions in the group consisting of Bu, CN, CF3, and Ph;

[0227] Triazine group, which may optionally be selected independently of one or more of Me, i Pr, t Substituents of Bu, CN, CF3, and Ph; and

[0228] N(Ph)2.

[0229] In one implementation, R I R II R III R IV R V R VI R VII RVIII R IX R X and R XI Each of these elements is independently selected from: hydrogen, deuterium, halogen, Me, i Pr, t Bu,CN,CF3,

[0230] Ph, which is optionally selected independently of Me, i Pr, t Substituents of Bu, CN, CF3 and Ph;

[0231] Pyridyl group, which may optionally be selected independently of one or more of Me, i Pr, t Substituents of Bu, CN, CF3 and Ph;

[0232] Pyrimidinyl group, which may optionally be selected independently of one or more of Me, i Pr, t Substituents of Bu, CN, CF3 and Ph;

[0233] Carbazolyl, which is optionally selected independently of one or more Me, i Pr, t Substituent substitutions in the group consisting of Bu, CN, CF3, and Ph;

[0234] Triazine group, which may optionally be selected independently of one or more of Me, i Pr, t Substituents of Bu, CN, CF3, and Ph; and

[0235] N(Ph)2; and

[0236] R 1 and R 2 Each person independently selects from the following groups:

[0237] C1-C5 alkyl groups, optionally substituted with one or more R groups 6 replace;

[0238] C6-C 30 aryl, which is optionally substituent by one or more R groups 6 Replace; and

[0239] C3-C 30 Heteroaryl groups, which are optionally substituents R 6 replace.

[0240] In one embodiment of the present invention, the cavitation agent S BIt is a near-range charge transfer (NRCT) emitter. According to the present invention, the NRCT material exhibits a delayed component in the time-resolved photoluminescence spectrum and shows near-range HOMO-LUMO separation as described by Hatakeyama et al. (Advanced Materials, 2016, 28(14):2777-2781, DOI:10.1002 / adma.201505491).

[0241] In one embodiment, the cavitation agent S B It is a boron-containing NRCT emitter.

[0242] In one embodiment, the cavitation agent S B It is a blue boron-containing NRCT emitter.

[0243] In a preferred embodiment, the cavitation agent S B It contains or is composed of polycyclic aromatic compounds.

[0244] In a preferred embodiment, it contains 1% by weight of cavitation agent S B The emission spectrum of the membrane has a full width at half maximum (FWHM) of less than 0.2 eV.

[0245] In a preferred embodiment, the cavitation agent S B It is a boron-containing emitter, and the emission spectrum of a 1% by weight thin film has a full width at half maximum (FWHM) of less than 0.2 eV.

[0246] In a preferred embodiment, the cavitation agent S B It is a blue boron-containing emitter, and the emission spectrum of a 1% by weight thin film has a full width at half maximum (FWHM) of less than 0.2 eV.

[0247] In a preferred embodiment, the cavitation agent S B The emission spectrum of a 1% by weight thin film containing or composed of polycyclic aromatic compounds has a full width at half maximum (FWHM) of less than 0.2 eV.

[0248] In a preferred embodiment, the cavitation agent S B Polycyclic aromatic compounds comprising or consisting of specific examples of formula (1) or (2) or US-A 2015 / 236274. US-A 2015 / 236274 also describes examples of synthesizing such compounds.

[0249] In one implementation scheme, cavitation agent S B It contains or is composed of the structure according to Formula I.

[0250] In one embodiment, TADF material E B and / or cavitation agent S BThe blue boron-containing NRCT emitters are selected from the following group:

[0251]

[0252]

[0253]

[0254]

[0255]

[0256] In one embodiment, TADF material E B and / or cavitation agent S B It is a green boron-containing NRCT emitter selected from the following group:

[0257]

[0258] Organic TADF emitter

[0259] In a preferred embodiment, TADF material E B and / or cavitation agent S B It is an organic TADF material. According to the present invention, an organic emitter or organic material refers to an emitter or material (mainly) composed of the elements hydrogen (H), carbon (C), nitrogen (N), boron (B), silicon (Si) and optionally fluorine (F), optionally bromine (Br) and optionally oxygen (O). Particularly preferably, it does not contain any transition metals.

[0260] In a preferred embodiment, TADF material E B It is an organic TADF material. In a preferred embodiment, the cavitation agent S B It is an organic light-emitting material. In a more preferred embodiment, the TADF material E B and air-inducing agent S B They are all organic TADF materials.

[0261] In a preferred embodiment, TADF material E B and / or cavitation agent S B It is an organic TADF material, which is selected from molecules with the formula I-TADF structure.

[0262]

[0263] in

[0264] o is 1 or 2 independently each time it appears;

[0265] p is 1 or 2 independently each time it appears;

[0266] X is independently Ar each time it appears. EWG H, CN, or CF3;

[0267] Z is selected independently from direct keys and CR each time it appears. 3 R 4 C = CR 3 R 4 C=O, C=NR 3 NR 3 O, SiR 3 R 4 S, S(O) and S(O)2;

[0268] Ar EWG Each occurrence is an independent structure based on one of equations IIa to IIk.

[0269]

[0270]

[0271] Where # represents the binding site of a single bond, which will bind Ar EWG A substituted central benzene ring attached to formula I-TADF;

[0272] R 1 Each time it appears, it is independently selected from hydrogen, deuterium, C1-C5 alkyl and C6-C 18 Aryl group, wherein one or more hydrogen atoms of the C1-C5 alkyl group are optionally substituted with deuterium, and the C6-C... 18 The aryl group is optionally replaced by one or more substituents R 6 replace;

[0273] R 2 Each time it appears, it is independently selected from hydrogen, deuterium, C1-C5 alkyl and C6-C 18 Aryl group, wherein one or more hydrogen atoms of the C1-C5 alkyl group are optionally substituted with deuterium, and the C6-C... 18 The aryl group is optionally replaced by one or more substituents R 6 replace;

[0274] R a R 3 and R 4 Each time it appears, it is independently selected from hydrogen, deuterium, and N(R). 5 2. OR 5 SR 5 Si(R) 5 )3, CF3, CN, F,

[0275] C1-C 40Alkyl groups, optionally substituted with one or more substituents R 5 Substitution, wherein one or more of the non-adjacent CH2- groups are optionally replaced by R 5 C = CR 5 C≡C, Si(R) 5 )2、Ge(R 5 )2, Sn(R 5 )2. C=O, C=S, C=Se, C=NR 5 、P(=O)(R 5 SO, SO2, NR 5 O, S or CONR 5 replace;

[0276] C1-C 40 Thioalkoxy groups, which are optionally substituted with one or more R groups 5 Substitution, wherein one or more of the non-adjacent CH2- groups are optionally replaced by R 5 C = CR 5 C≡C, Si(R) 5 )2、Ge(R 5 )2, Sn(R 5 )2. C=O, C=S, C=Se, C=NR 5 、P(=O)(R 5 SO, SO2, NR 5 O, S or CONR 5 replace;

[0277] C6-C 60 aryl group, which is optionally substituent by one or more substituents R 5 Replace; and

[0278] C3-C 57 Heteroaryl groups, which are optionally substituents R 5 replace;

[0279] R 5 Each time it appears, it is independently selected from hydrogen, deuterium, and N(R). 6 2. OR 6 SR 6 Si(R) 6 3, CF3, CN, F, C1-C 40 Alkyl groups, optionally substituted with one or more substituents R 6 Substitution, wherein one or more of the non-adjacent CH2- groups are optionally replaced by R 6 C = CR 6 C≡C, Si(R) 6 )2、Ge(R 6 )2, Sn(R 6)2. C=O, C=S, C=Se, C=NR 6 、P(=O)(R 6 SO, SO2, NR 6 O, S or CONR 6 replace;

[0280] C6-C 60 aryl, which is optionally substituent by one or more R groups 6 Replace; and

[0281] C3-C 57 Heteroaryl groups, which are optionally substituents R 6 replace;

[0282] R 6 Each time it appears, it is independently selected from hydrogen, deuterium, OPh, CF3, CN, F,

[0283] C1-C5 alkyl, wherein one or more hydrogen atoms are optionally substituted independently of each other with deuterium, CN, CF3 or F;

[0284] C1-C5 alkoxy groups, wherein one or more hydrogen atoms are optionally substituted independently of each other by deuterium, CN, CF3 or F; C1-C5 thioalkoxy groups, wherein one or more hydrogen atoms are optionally substituted independently of each other by deuterium, CN, CF3 or F;

[0285] C6-C 18 Aryl group, which may optionally be substituted by one or more C1-C5 alkyl substituents;

[0286] C3-C 17 Heteroaryl groups, optionally bound by one or more C6-C 18 Aryl substituents and / or one or more C1-C5 alkyl substituents;

[0287] N(C6-C 18 Aryl)2;

[0288] N(C3-C 17 (heteroaryl)2, and

[0289] N(C3-C 17 (C6-C) 18 (Aromatic);

[0290] R d Each time it appears, it is independently selected from hydrogen, deuterium, and N(R). 5 2. OR 5 ,

[0291] SR 5 Si(R) 5 )3, CF3, CN, F,

[0292] C1-C 40 Alkyl groups, optionally substituted with one or more substituents R 5 Substitution, and one or more of the non-adjacent CH2- groups are optionally replaced by R. 5 C = CR 5 C≡C, Si(R) 5 )2、Ge(R 5 )2, Sn(R 5 )2. C=O, C=S, C=Se, C=NR 5 、P(=O)(R 5 SO, SO2, NR 5 O, S or CONR 5 replace;

[0293] C1-C 40 Thioalkoxy groups, which are optionally substituted with one or more R groups 5 Substitution, wherein one or more non-adjacent CH2- groups are optionally replaced by R 5 C = CR 5 C≡C, Si(R) 5 )2、Ge(R 5 )2, Sn(R 5 )2. C=O, C=S, C=Se, C=NR 5 、P(=O)(R 5 SO, SO2, NR 5 O, S or CONR 5 Replacement; and C6-C 60 aryl group, which is optionally substituent by one or more substituents R 5 Replacement; C3-C 57 Heteroaryl groups, which are optionally substituents R 5 replace;

[0294] Wherein the substituent R a R 3 R 4 or R 5 They can be independently and optionally with one or more other substituents R a R 3 R 4 or R 5 Forming a monocyclic or polycyclic, aliphatic, aromatic, and / or benzo[a]cyclic fused ring system, wherein one or more of the substituents R d They can be independently and optionally with one or more other substituents R d Forming monocyclic or polycyclic, aliphatic, aromatic and / or benzo[a] fused ring systems.

[0295] According to the present invention, the substituent R a R 3 R 4 or R 5 Each time it appears, it can be independently and optionally with one or more other substituents R. a R 3 R 4 or R 5 It forms monocyclic or polycyclic, aliphatic, aromatic and / or benzo[a] fused ring systems.

[0296] According to the present invention, the substituent R d Each time it appears, it can be independently and optionally with one or more other substituents R. d It forms monocyclic or polycyclic, aliphatic, aromatic and / or benzo[a] fused ring systems.

[0297] In a particularly preferred embodiment of the invention, Z is a direct bond each time it appears.

[0298] In a preferred embodiment, TADF material E B It is an organic TADF material, which is selected from molecules with the formula I-TADF structure.

[0299] In one embodiment of the present invention, TADF material E B It contains at least one triazine structure according to formula IIa.

[0300] In a preferred embodiment, TADF material E B It is an organic TADF material, which is selected from molecules with the formula II-TADF structure.

[0301]

[0302] In one embodiment of the present invention, R a Each time it appears, it is independently selected from hydrogen, deuterium, Me, i Pr, t Bu, CN, CF3

[0303] Ph, which is optionally selected independently of one or more Me, i Pr, t Substituents of Bu, CN, CF3 and Ph;

[0304] Pyridyl group, which may optionally be selected independently of one or more of Me, i Pr, t Substituents of Bu, CN, CF3 and Ph;

[0305] Pyrimidinyl group, which may optionally be selected independently of one or more of Me,i Pr, t Substituents of Bu, CN, CF3 and Ph;

[0306] Carbazolyl, which is optionally selected independently of one or more of Me, i Pr, t Substituents of Bu, CN, CF3 and Ph;

[0307] Triazine group, which is optionally selected independently of one or more components from Me, i Pr, t Substituents of Bu, CN, CF3 and Ph; and N(Ph)2.

[0308] In one embodiment of the present invention, R d Each time it appears, it is independently selected from hydrogen, deuterium, Me, i Pr, t Bu, CN, CF3

[0309] Ph, which is optionally selected independently of one or more Me, i Pr, t Substituents of Bu, CN, CF3 and Ph;

[0310] Pyridyl group, which may optionally be selected independently of one or more of Me, i Pr, t Substituents of Bu, CN, CF3 and Ph;

[0311] Pyrimidinyl group, which may optionally be selected independently of one or more of Me, i Pr, t Substituents of Bu, CN, CF3 and Ph;

[0312] Carbazolyl, which is optionally selected independently of one or more of Me, i Pr, t Substituents of Bu, CN, CF3 and Ph;

[0313] Triazine group, which is optionally selected independently of one or more components from Me, i Pr, t Substituents of Bu, CN, CF3 and Ph; and N(Ph)2.

[0314] In a preferred embodiment, X is CN.

[0315] In one embodiment of the present invention, TADF material E B Selected from structures with Formula III

[0316]

[0317] Where R a X and R 1 As defined above.

[0318] In one embodiment of the invention, E B Selected from molecules with the structure of formula IIIa:

[0319]

[0320] Where R a X and R 1 As defined above.

[0321] In one embodiment of the invention, E B Selected from molecules having the structure of formula IIIa-1:

[0322]

[0323] Where R a X and R 1 As defined above.

[0324] In one embodiment of the invention, E B Selected from molecules having the structure of formula IIIa-2:

[0325]

[0326] Where R a X and R 1 As defined above.

[0327] In one embodiment of the invention, E B Selected from molecules with the structure of formula IIIb:

[0328]

[0329] Where R a and R 1 As defined above.

[0330] In one embodiment of the invention, E B Selected from molecules having the structure of formula IIIa-1:

[0331]

[0332] Where R a and R 1 As defined above.

[0333] In one embodiment of the invention, E B Selected from molecules with the structure of formula IIIc:

[0334] (Formula IIIc)

[0335] Where R a and R 1 As defined above.

[0336] In one embodiment of the invention, E B Selected from molecules with the IIId formula:

[0337]

[0338] Where R a and R 1 As defined above.

[0339] In one embodiment of the invention, E B Selected from molecules with the structure of formula IV:

[0340]

[0341] Where R a R 1 X is defined as above.

[0342] In one embodiment of the invention, E B Molecules selected from those with the structure of formula IVa:

[0343]

[0344] Where R a R 1 X is defined as above.

[0345] In one embodiment of the invention, E B Selected from molecules with the structure of formula IVb:

[0346]

[0347] Where R a and R 1 As defined above.

[0348] In one embodiment of the invention, E B Selected from molecules with the V-structure:

[0349]

[0350] Where R a R 1 X is defined as above.

[0351] In one embodiment of the invention, E BSelected from molecules with the formula Va:

[0352]

[0353] Where R a R 1 X is defined as above.

[0354] In one embodiment of the invention, E B Selected from molecules with the formula Vb:

[0355]

[0356] Where R a and R 1 As defined above.

[0357] In one embodiment of the invention, E B Selected from molecules with the structure of formula VI:

[0358]

[0359] Where R a R 1 X is defined as above.

[0360] In one embodiment of the invention, E B Selected from molecules with the structure of formula VIa:

[0361]

[0362] Where R a R 1 X is defined as above.

[0363] In one embodiment of the invention, E B Molecules selected from the structure of formula VIb:

[0364]

[0365] Where R a and R 1 As defined above.

[0366] In one embodiment of the invention, E B Selected from molecules with the structure of formula VII:

[0367]

[0368] Where R a X is defined as above.

[0369] In one embodiment of the invention, E BMolecules selected from the structure of formula VIIa:

[0370]

[0371] Where R a X is defined as above.

[0372] In one embodiment of the invention, E B Selected from molecules with the structure of formula VIIb:

[0373]

[0374] Where R a The definition is as above.

[0375] In one embodiment of the invention, E B Selected from molecules with the structure of formula VIII:

[0376]

[0377] Where R a X is defined as above.

[0378] In one embodiment of the invention, E B Selected from molecules having the structure of formula VIIIa:

[0379]

[0380] Where R a X is defined as above.

[0381] In one embodiment of the invention, E B Selected from molecules with the structure of formula VIIIb:

[0382]

[0383] Where R a The definition is as above.

[0384] In one embodiment of the invention, E B Selected from molecules with the structure of formula IX:

[0385]

[0386] Where R a X is defined as above.

[0387] In one embodiment of the invention, E B Selected from molecules with the structure of formula IXa:

[0388]

[0389] Where R a X is defined as above.

[0390] In one embodiment of the invention, E B Selected from molecules with the structure of formula IXb:

[0391]

[0392] Where R a The definition is as above.

[0393] In one embodiment of the invention, E B Selected from molecules with the structure of formula X:

[0394]

[0395] Where R a X is defined as above.

[0396] In one embodiment of the invention, E B Selected from molecules with the structure of formula Xa:

[0397]

[0398] Where R a X is defined as above.

[0399] In one embodiment of the invention, E B Selected from molecules with the formula Xb:

[0400]

[0401] Where R a The definition is as above.

[0402] In one embodiment of the invention, E B Selected from molecules with the structure of formula XI:

[0403]

[0404] Where R a X is defined as above.

[0405] In one embodiment of the invention, E B Selected from molecules with the structure of formula XIa:

[0406]

[0407] Where R a X is defined as above.

[0408] In one embodiment of the invention, EB Selected from molecules with the formula XIb:

[0409]

[0410] Where R a The definition is as above.

[0411] In one embodiment of the invention, E B Selected from molecules with the formula XII structure:

[0412]

[0413] Where R a X and R d As defined above.

[0414] In one embodiment of the invention, E B Molecules selected from the structure of formula XIIa:

[0415]

[0416] Where R a X and R d As defined above.

[0417] In one embodiment of the invention, E B Selected from molecules with the structure of formula XIIb:

[0418]

[0419] Where R a X and R d As defined above.

[0420] The synthesis of molecules having the I-TADF structure can be accomplished using standard reactions and reaction conditions known to those skilled in the art. Typically, a coupling reaction is carried out in the first step, preferably a palladium-catalyzed coupling reaction.

[0421]

[0422] E1 can be any boric acid (R B =H) or the corresponding borate ester (R) B =alkyl or aryl), especially two R B A ring is formed, for example, boronic acid pinacol esters of fluoro-(trifluoromethyl)phenyl, difluoro-(trifluoromethyl)phenyl, fluoro-(cyano)phenyl, or difluoro-(cyano)phenyl. Ar is preferably used as the second reactant E2. EWG-Br. The reaction conditions for this palladium-catalyzed coupling reaction are known to those skilled in the art, for example see WO 2017 / 005699, where it is known that the reactive groups E1 and E2 can be interchanged to optimize the reaction yield.

[0423]

[0424] In the second step, a molecule according to formula I-TADF is obtained by reacting the nitrogen heterocycle in the nucleophilic aromatic substitution with an aryl halide (preferably an aryl fluoride or an aryl dihalide, preferably an aryl difluoride) E3. Typical conditions include the use of a base such as tripotassium phosphate or sodium hydride, in an aprotic polar solvent such as dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) or N,N-dimethylformamide (DMF).

[0425]

[0426] Specifically, the donor molecule E6 is a 3,6-substituted carbazole (e.g., 3,6-dimethylcarbazole, 3,6-diphenylcarbazole, 3,6-di-tert-butylcarbazole), a 2,7-substituted carbazole (e.g., 2,7-dimethylcarbazole, 2,7-diphenylcarbazole, 2,7-di-tert-butylcarbazole), a 1,8-substituted carbazole (e.g., 1,8-dimethylcarbazole, 1,8-diphenylcarbazole, 1,8-di-tert-butylcarbazole), a 1-substituted carbazole (e.g., 1-methylcarbazole, 1-phenylcarbazole, 1-tert-butylcarbazole), a 2-substituted carbazole (e.g., 2-methylcarbazole, 2-phenylcarbazole, 2-tert-butylcarbazole), or a 3-substituted carbazole (e.g., 3-methylcarbazole, 3-phenylcarbazole, 3-tert-butylcarbazole). Alternatively, halogen-substituted carbazoles, particularly 3-bromocarbazole, can be used as E6.

[0427] In a subsequent reaction, exemplarily, a borate ester functional group or a boric acid functional group can be introduced to the position of one or more halogen substituents introduced via E6 to produce the corresponding carbazole-3-ylboronate or carbazole-3-ylboronic acid, for example, by reaction with bis(pinacol)diboron (CAS No. 73183-34-3). Subsequently, it can be produced by reaction with the corresponding halogenated reactant R. a- Hal, preferred R a Cl and R a The coupling reaction of Br introduces one or more substituents R. a To replace the boronic acid ester group or the borate group. Alternatively, it can be achieved by reacting with the substituent R. a [R a The reaction of [B(OH)2] with boric acid or the corresponding borate ester introduces one or more substituents R at the position of one or more halogen substituents introduced by DH. a .

[0428] Another synthetic route involves introducing nitrogen heterocycles into aryl halides or aryl pseudohalides via copper or palladium-catalyzed coupling, preferably aryl bromides, aryl iodides, aryl trifluoromethanesulfonates, or aryl toluenesulfonates.

[0429] Void-inducing agent S B It is a device that emits blue fluorescent light.

[0430] In one embodiment of the present invention, the cavitation agent S B It is a fluorescent emitter, especially a blue fluorescent emitter.

[0431] In one embodiment, the cavitation agent S B It is a blue fluorescent emitter selected from the following group:

[0432]

[0433]

[0434]

[0435]

[0436]

[0437]

[0438]

[0439]

[0440] In some implementations, the cavitation agent S B It is a blue fluorescent emitter selected from the following group:

[0441]

[0442] Void-inducing agent S B It is a device of triplet-triplet annihilation (TTA) fluorescent emitter.

[0443] In one embodiment of the present invention, the cavitation agent S B It is a triplet-triplet annihilation (TTA) emitter.

[0444] In one embodiment, S B It is a blue TTA transmitter selected from the following groups:

[0445]

[0446] Void-inducing agent S BIt is a device that emits green fluorescent light.

[0447] In another embodiment of the invention, the cavitation agent S B It is a fluorescent emitter, especially a green fluorescent emitter.

[0448] In one embodiment, the cavitation agent S B The fluorescent emitters are selected from the following group:

[0449]

[0450] In another embodiment of the invention, the device has an emission peak in the visible or near-ultraviolet range, i.e., in the wavelength range of 380 to 800 nm, particularly between 485 nm and 590 nm, preferably between 505 nm and 565 nm, and even more preferably between 515 nm and 545 nm.

[0451] Void-inducing agent S B It is a device that emits red fluorescent light.

[0452] In another embodiment of the invention, the cavitation agent S B It is a fluorescent emitter, especially a red fluorescent emitter.

[0453] In one embodiment, the cavitation agent S B The fluorescent emitters are selected from the following group:

[0454]

[0455]

[0456]

[0457] In one embodiment, the cavitation agent S B It is a phosphorescent emitter.

[0458] In another embodiment of the invention, the device has an emission peak in the visible or near-ultraviolet range, i.e., in the wavelength range of 380 to 800 nm, particularly between 590 nm and 690 nm, preferably between 610 nm and 665 nm, and even more preferably between 620 nm and 640 nm.

[0459] Orbital and excited-state energies can be determined using experimental methods known to those skilled in the art. Experimentally, the highest occupied molecular orbital E0... HOMO The energy was determined from cyclic voltammetry measurements using methods known to those skilled in the art, with an accuracy of 0.1 eV. The lowest unoccupied molecular orbital E LUMO The energy is E HOMO +E gapE gap Determine using the following method:

[0460] For the host compound, unless otherwise specified, the emission initiation energy (E) of a 10 wt% host compound film in polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA) is used as E gap For emitter compounds, such as NRCT emitters and fluorescent emitters, unless otherwise specified, the energy at which the excitation and emission spectra of a 10% by weight emitter film in polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA) crosses is expressed as E0. gap For organic TADF emitters, unless otherwise specified, the energy at which the excitation and emission spectra of a film containing 10% by weight of the emitter in polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA) crosses is taken as E0. gap .

[0461] For the host compound, unless otherwise stated, the emission initiation of 10 wt% of its polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA) film corresponds to the energy of the first excited singlet state S1, used as E. gap For emitter compounds, such as NRCT emitters and fluorescent emitters, E is determined in the same manner unless otherwise specified. gap And the energy of the first excited singlet state S1. For organic TADF emitters, unless otherwise stated, the emission initiation of 10% by weight of its polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA) film corresponds to the energy of the first excited singlet state S1, used as E. gap .

[0462] For host compounds, unless otherwise specified, the energy of the first excited triplet state T1 is determined from the start of the time-gated emission spectrum at 77 K, typically with a delay time of 1 ms and an integration time of 1 ms, and is tested using a 10 wt% polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA) film. For emitter compounds, such as NRCT emitters and fluorescent emitters, the energy of the first excited triplet state T1 is determined from the start of the time-gated emission spectrum at 77 K, typically with a delay time of 1 ms and an integration time of 1 ms, and is tested using a 1 wt% polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA) film unless otherwise specified. For organic TADF emitters, the energy of the first excited triplet state T1 is determined from the start of the time-gated emission spectrum at 77 K, typically with a delay time of 1 ms and an integration time of 1 ms, and is tested using a 10 wt% polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA) film unless otherwise specified. For TADF compounds, the energy of the first excited triplet state T1 is determined from the start of the time-gated emission spectrum at 77 K, typically with a delay time of 1 ms and an integration time of 1 ms.

[0463] In the electron transport layer (ETL), any electron transport agent can be used. Exemplary examples include electron-deficient compounds such as benzimidazole, pyridine, triazole, oxadiazole (e.g., 1,3,4-oxadiazole), phosphine oxides, and sulfones. Exemplary examples also include the electron transporter ETMD, which can be a star-shaped heterocycle, such as 1,3,5-tris(1-phenyl-1-yl)-2-yl ... H -Benzi[d]imidazol-2-yl)phenyl (TPBi). Exemplarily, ETMD can be NBphen (2,9-bis(naphthyl-2-yl)-4,7-diphenyl-1,10-phenanthroline), Alq3 (aluminum-tris(8-hydroxyquinoline)), TSPO1 (diphenyl-4-triphenylsilylphenylphosphine oxide), BPyTP2 (2,7-bis(2,2'-bipyridin-5-yl)biphenyl), Sif87 (dibenzo[b,d]thiophene-2-yltriphenylsilane), Sif88 (dibenzo[b,d]thiophene-2-yl)diphenylsilane), BmPyPhB (1,3-bis[3,5-bis(pyridin-3-yl)phenyl]phenyl) and / or BTB (4,4'-bis-[2-(4,6-diphenyl-1,3,5-triazinyl)]-1,1'-biphenyl). Optionally, the electron transport layer may be doped with a material such as Liq (lithium 8-hydroxyquinolinol). Optionally, a second electron transport layer may be located between the electron transport layer and the cathode layer C.

[0464] Adjacent to the electron transport layer (ETL), a cathode layer C may be disposed. Exemplarily, the cathode layer C may comprise (or be composed of) a metal (e.g., Al, Au, Ag, Pt, Cu, Zn, Ni, Fe, Pb, LiF, Ca, Ba, Mg, In, W, or Pd) or a metal alloy. For practical reasons, the cathode layer C may also be composed of (substantially) opaque metals such as Mg, Ca, or Al. Alternatively or additionally, the cathode layer C may also comprise graphite and / or carbon nanotubes (CNTs). Alternatively, the cathode layer C may also be composed of nanoscale silver wires.

[0465] OLEDs may also optionally include a protective layer located between the electron transport layer (ETL) D and the cathode layer C (which may be referred to as the electron injection layer (EIL)). This layer may contain lithium fluoride, cesium fluoride, silver, Liq (lithium 8-hydroxyquinoline alcohol), Li₂O, BaF₂, MgO, and / or NaF.

[0466] Therefore, another embodiment of the present invention relates to an OLED that has a density of 1000 cd / m². 2The external quantum efficiency exhibited is greater than 10%, more preferably greater than 12%, more preferably greater than 15%, even more preferably greater than 17% or even greater than 20%, and / or the maximum emission value nm is between 490 nm and 570 nm, preferably between 500 nm and 560 nm, more preferably between 510 nm and 550 nm, even more preferably between 520 nm and 540 nm, and / or at 500 cd / m 2 The LT80 value is more than 3,000 hours, preferably more than 6,000 hours, more preferably more than 12,000 hours, even more preferably more than 22,500 hours or even more than 30,000 hours.

[0467] Therefore, another embodiment of the present invention relates to an OLED that has a density of 1000 cd / m². 2 The external quantum efficiency exhibited is greater than 10%, more preferably greater than 12%, more preferably greater than 15%, even more preferably greater than 17% or even greater than 20%, and / or the maximum emission value exhibited is between 420 nm and 500 nm, preferably between 430 nm and 490 nm, more preferably between 440 nm and 480 nm, even more preferably between 450 nm and 470 nm, and / or at 500 cd / m 2 The LT80 value is more than 100 hours, preferably more than 200 hours, more preferably more than 400 hours, even more preferably more than 750 hours or even more than 1000 hours.

[0468] Another embodiment of the invention relates to an OLED that emits light at specific color points. According to the invention, the OLED emits light having a narrow emission band (i.e., a small full width at half maximum (FWHM)). In a preferred embodiment, the FWHM of the main emission peak of the light emitted by the OLED according to the invention is below 0.43 eV, more preferably below 0.39 eV, even more preferably below 0.35 eV, or even below 0.31 eV.

[0469] In a particularly preferred embodiment, the cavitation agent S B It is an NRCT emitter and the main emission peak of the OLED emission light according to the present invention has an FWHM of less than 0.25 eV, more preferably less than 0.23 eV, even more preferably less than 0.21 eV, and even less than 0.20 eV.

[0470] Another embodiment of the invention relates to an OLED whose emitted light has CIEx (=0.131) and CIEy (=0.046) color coordinates close to the CIEx (=0.131) and CIEy (=0.046) color coordinates of the primary color blue, as defined in ITU-R Recommendation BT.2020 (Rec.2020), and is therefore suitable for Ultra High Definition (UHD) displays, such as UHD televisions. In commercial applications, top-emitting devices (with a transparent top electrode) are typically used, while the test devices used throughout this application are bottom-emitting devices (with a transparent bottom electrode and substrate). When switching from a bottom-emitting device to a top-emitting device, the CIEy color coordinates of the blue device can be reduced by up to a factor of two, while CIEx remains almost unchanged (see Okinaka et al. doi:10.1002 / sdtp.10480). Therefore, another embodiment of the present invention relates to an OLED whose emitted CIEy color coordinates are between 0.02 and 0.30, preferably between 0.03 and 0.25, more preferably between 0.05 and 0.20, or even more preferably between 0.08 and 0.18, or even between 0.10 and 0.15, and / or whose emitted CIEy color coordinates are between 0.00 and 0.45, preferably between 0.01 and 0.30, more preferably between 0.02 and 0.20, or even more preferably between 0.03 and 0.15, or even between 0.04 and 0.10.

[0471] Another embodiment of the invention relates to an OLED whose emitted light has CIEx (=0.170) and CIEy (=0.797) color coordinates close to the CIEx (=0.170) and CIEy (=0.797) color coordinates of the primary color green, as defined in ITU-R Recommendation BT.2020 (Rec.2020), and is therefore suitable for Ultra High Definition (UHD) displays, such as UHD televisions. In this context, the term “close to” refers to the range of CIEx and CIEy coordinates provided at the end of this paragraph. In commercial applications, top-emitting devices (with a transparent top electrode) are typically used, while the test devices used throughout this application are bottom-emitting devices (with a transparent bottom electrode and substrate). When switching from a bottom-emitting device to a top-emitting device, the CIEy color coordinates of the blue device can decrease by up to a factor of two, while the CIEx remains almost unchanged (see Okinaka et al. doi:10.1002 / sdtp.10480). Therefore, another embodiment of the present invention relates to an OLED whose emitted CIEy color coordinates are between 0.06 and 0.34, preferably between 0.07 and 0.29, more preferably between 0.09 and 0.24, or even more preferably between 0.12 and 0.22, or even between 0.14 and 0.19, and / or whose emitted CIEy color coordinates are between 0.75 and 1.20, preferably between 0.76 and 1.05, more preferably between 0.77 and 0.95, or even more preferably between 0.78 and 0.90, or even between 0.79 and 0.85.

[0472] Another embodiment of the invention relates to an OLED whose emitted light has CIEx (=0.708) and CIEy (=0.292) color coordinates close to the CIEx (=0.708) and CIEy (=0.292) color coordinates of the primary color red, as defined in ITU-R Recommendation BT.2020 (Rec.2020), and is therefore suitable for Ultra High Definition (UHD) displays, such as UHD televisions. In this context, the term “close to” refers to the range of CIEx and CIEy coordinates provided at the end of this paragraph. In commercial applications, top-emitting devices (with a transparent top electrode) are typically used, while the test devices used throughout this application are bottom-emitting devices (with a transparent bottom electrode and substrate). When switching from a bottom-emitting device to a top-emitting device, the CIEy color coordinates of the blue device can decrease by up to a factor of two, while the CIEx remains almost unchanged (see Okinaka et al. doi:10.1002 / sdtp.10480). Therefore, another embodiment of the present invention relates to an OLED whose emitted CIEy color coordinates are between 0.60 and 0.88, preferably between 0.61 and 0.83, more preferably between 0.63 and 0.78, or even more preferably between 0.66 and 0.76, or even between 0.68 and 0.73, and / or whose emitted CIEy color coordinates are between 0.25 and 0.70, preferably between 0.26 and 0.55, more preferably between 0.27 and 0.45, or even more preferably between 0.28 and 0.40, or even between 0.29 and 0.35.

[0473] In this application, the terms "aryl" and "aromatic" can be understood in the broadest sense as any monocyclic, bicyclic, or polycyclic aromatic moieties. Unless otherwise stated, the aryl group may optionally be substituted with one or more substituents, which are further exemplified throughout this application. For example, the aryl group may be phenyl, naphthalene, or anthracene. In a preferred embodiment, the aryl residue is a phenyl residue. Unless otherwise stated, the aryl group may optionally be substituted with one or more substituents, which are further exemplified throughout this application. Therefore, the term "aryl-aryl" refers to a divalent residue with two sites for binding to other molecular structures and thus serving as a linker structure.

[0474] In this application, the terms "heteroaryl" and "heteroaromatic" can be understood in the broadest sense as including at least one heteroatom, particularly any monocyclic, bicyclic, or polycyclic heteroaromatic moiety with 1-3 heteroatoms per aromatic ring. Exemplarily, the heteroaromatic residue may be selected from carbazole, triazine (e.g., 1,3,5-triazine), dibenzothiophene, dibenzofuran, pyrrole, furan, thiophene, imidazole, oxazole, thiazole, triazole, pyrazole, pyridine, pyrazine, and pyrimidine, etc. In a preferred embodiment, the heteroaromatic residue is carbazole or 1,3,5-triazine. Unless otherwise specified, the heteroaryl group may optionally be substituted with one or more substituents, which are further exemplified in this application. Thus, the term "hybrid aryl" refers to a divalent residue having two sites for binding to other molecular structures and thus serving as a linker structure.

[0475] In this application, the term "alkyl" can be understood in the broadest sense as a straight-chain or branched alkyl residue. Preferred alkyl residues are those containing 1-15 carbon atoms (C1-C2). 15 Alkyl groups. Exemplarily, alkyl residues can be methyl, ethyl, propyl, isopropyl, butyl, isobutyl, tert-butyl, etc. Unless otherwise specified, alkyl groups may optionally be substituted with one or more substituents, which are further exemplified in this application. Therefore, the term "alkylene" refers to a divalent residue having two sites for binding to other molecular structures and thus serving as a linker structure.

[0476] Unless otherwise stated, in this application, and particularly in the context of aryl, arylene, heteroaryl, alkyl, etc., the term "substituted" may be understood in the broadest sense. Preferably, such substitution refers to substitution selected from C1-C1. 20 Alkyl, C7-C 19 Alkyl and C6-C 18 Substitution of aryl residues. Therefore, preferably, no charged moiety is present in such substitution, and more preferably no functional group is present.

[0477] It is worth noting that hydrogen can be replaced by deuterium each time it appears.

[0478] Unless otherwise stated, any layer in the various embodiments can be deposited and prepared by any suitable method. The layers of the present invention, including the light-emitting layer B, can optionally be prepared by liquid processing (also known as "thin film processing," "fluid processing," "solution processing," or "solvent processing"). This means that the components contained in the respective layer are applied in a liquid state to the surface of a portion of the device. Preferably, the layers of the present invention, including the light-emitting layer B, can be prepared by spin coating. This method, well known to those skilled in the art, yields thin and (substantially) uniform layers.

[0479] Alternatively, the layers of the present invention, including the light-emitting layer B, can be prepared by other liquid-based processing methods, such as casting (e.g., drop casting) and rolling methods, as well as printing methods (e.g., inkjet printing, gravure printing, blade coating). This can optionally be carried out in an inert atmosphere (e.g., in nitrogen).

[0480] In another preferred embodiment, the layer of the present invention can be prepared by any other method known in the art, including but not limited to vacuum processing methods well known to those skilled in the art, such as thermal (co)evaporation, organic vapor deposition (OVPD), and organic vapor jet printing (OVJP) deposition.

[0481] When the layer is prepared using a liquid processing technology, it includes layer components (i.e., for the light-emitting layer B of the present invention, at least one host compound H). B and usually at least one TADF material E B At least one air-inducing agent S B (Example of which is the second TADF material S) B ) and optionally one or more other host compounds H B2 The solution may further contain a volatile organic solvent. This volatile organic solvent may optionally be selected from tetrahydrofuran, dioxane, chlorobenzene, diethylene glycol diethyl ether, 2-(2-ethoxyethoxy)ethanol, γ-butyrolactone, N-methylpyrrolidone, ethoxyethanol, xylene, toluene, anisole, phenol, acetonitrile, tetrahydrothiophene, benzyl nitrile, pyridine, trihydrofuran, triarylamine, cyclohexanone, acetone, propylene carbonate, ethyl acetate, benzene, and PGMEA (propylene glycol monoethyl ether acetate). Combinations of two or more solvents may also be used. After being applied in a liquid state, the layer may subsequently be dried and / or hardened by any means in the art, for example, under ambient conditions, at elevated temperatures (e.g., about 50°C or about 60°C), or under reduced pressure.

[0482] Optionally, the organic light-emitting device (e.g., OLED) can be, exemplarily, a substantially white organic light-emitting device or a blue organic light-emitting device. Exemplarily, such a white organic light-emitting device may include at least one (deep) blue emitting compound (e.g., TADF material E). B And one or more luminescent compounds that emit green and / or red light. As mentioned above, energy transfer may optionally occur between two or more compounds.

[0483] The organic electroluminescent device can be formed as a thin layer with a thickness of no more than 5 mm, no more than 2 mm, no more than 1 mm, no more than 0.5 mm, no more than 0.25 mm, no more than 100 μm, or no more than 10 μm.

[0484] Organic light-emitting devices (e.g., OLEDs) can be small in size (e.g., surface area no larger than 5 mm). 2 Even no larger than 1mm 2 Medium (e.g., surface area 0.5 to 20 cm), medium-sized 2 ), or large size (e.g., surface greater than 20cm), 2 The organic electroluminescent devices (e.g., OLEDs) according to the present invention can optionally be used to generate screens, as large-area lighting devices, as luminescent wallpaper, luminescent window frames or glass, luminescent labels, luminescent bodies, or flexible screens or displays. In addition to common uses, organic electroluminescent devices (e.g., OLEDs) can also be used exemplary as luminescent films, “smart packaging” labels, or innovative design elements. Furthermore, they can be used for cell detection and examination (e.g., as biomarkers).

[0485] One of the main applications of organic electroluminescent devices is to generate light. Therefore, the present invention also relates to a method for generating light in a desired wavelength range, comprising the step of providing an organic electroluminescent device according to the present invention.

[0486] Therefore, another aspect of the present invention relates to a method for generating light in a desired wavelength range, comprising the following steps:

[0487] (i) providing an organic electroluminescent device according to the present invention; and

[0488] (ii) Apply current to the organic electroluminescent device.

[0489] Another aspect of the present invention relates to a method for manufacturing an organic electroluminescent device by assembling the aforementioned components. The present invention also relates to a method for generating blue, green, yellow, orange, red, or white light, particularly blue or white light, using the said organic electroluminescent device. The present invention will be described through embodiments and claims. Example

[0490] Cyclic voltammetry

[0491] The concentration of organic molecules in dichloromethane or a suitable solvent and a suitable supporting electrolyte (e.g., 0.1 mol / L tetrabutylammonium hexafluorophosphate) was measured to be 10. -3 Cyclic voltammograms of solutions in mol / L. Measurements were performed at room temperature and under a nitrogen atmosphere using a three-electrode assembly (working and counter electrodes: Pt line, reference electrode: Pt line) and calibrated using FeCp2 / FeCp2+ as internal standards. HOMO data were calibrated using ferrocene as an internal standard for SCE.

[0492] Density functional theory calculation

[0493] The molecular structure was optimized using the BP86 functional and the resolution of identity approach. The excitation energies of the BP86-optimized structure were calculated using the time-correlated DFT (TD-DFT) method. Orbital and excited-state energies were calculated using the B3LYP functional method. The Def2-SVP basis set (and an m4 grid for numerical integration) were employed. All calculations were performed using the Turboomole package.

[0494] Photophysical measurements

[0495] Sample preparation of the host material and organic TADF emitter:

[0496] Stock solution 1: Dissolve 10 mg of sample (organic TADF material or host material) in 1 ml of solvent.

[0497] Stock solution 2: Dissolve 10 mg PMMA in 1 ml of solvent.

[0498] Solvents are typically selected from toluene, chlorobenzene, dichloromethane, and chloroform.

[0499] Use an Eppendorf pipette to add 1 ml of stock solution 1 to 9 ml of stock solution 2 to achieve a sample concentration of 10% by weight in PMMA.

[0500] Alternatively, the photophysical properties of the host material can be qualitatively determined in a pure thin film of the host material.

[0501] Sample preparation for fluorescence emitters and NRCT emitters:

[0502] Stock solution 1: Dissolve 10 mg of sample (fluorescence emitter and NRCT emitter) in 1 ml of solvent.

[0503] Stock solution 1a: Add 9 mL of solvent to 1 mL of stock solution 1.

[0504] Stock solution 2: Dissolve 10 mg PMMA in 1 ml of solvent.

[0505] Solvents are typically selected from toluene, chlorobenzene, dichloromethane, and chloroform.

[0506] Using an Eppendorf pipette, add 1 ml of stock solution 1a to 9 ml of stock solution 2 to achieve a sample concentration of 1% by weight in PMMA.

[0507] Alternatively, the photophysical properties of the fluorescent emitter can be qualitatively determined in solution, using a solution containing a fluorescent emitter at a concentration of 0.001 mg / ml.

[0508] Sample pretreatment: spin coating

[0509] Instruments: Spin150, SPS euro.

[0510] Program: 1) 3 seconds, 400 U / min; 2) 20 seconds, 1000 U / min, 1000 Upm / s; 3) 10 seconds, 4000 U / min, 1000 Upm / s. After coating, dry the film at 70°C for 1 minute.

[0511] Photoluminescence spectroscopy and TCSPC (Time-correlated single-photon counting)

[0512] Steady-state emission spectra were recorded using a Horiba Scientific Modell FluoroMax-4 instrument. This instrument is equipped with a 150W xenon arc lamp, a Hamamatsu R928 photomultiplier tube for both excitation and emission monochromators, and a time-correlated single-photon counting option. Emission and excitation spectra were corrected using standard calibration fitting.

[0513] Excited-state lifetimes were determined using the FM-2013 device and the Horiba Yvon TCSPC hub according to the TCSPC method.

[0514] Excitation source:

[0515] NanoLED 370 (wavelength: 371nm, pulse duration: 1.1ns)

[0516] NanoLED 290 (wavelength: 294nm, pulse duration: <1ns)

[0517] SpectraLED 310 (wavelength: 314nm)

[0518] SpectraLED 355 (wavelength: 355nm).

[0519] Data analysis (exponential fitting) was performed using the DataStation and DAS6 software suites. The chi-squared test was used for fitting.

[0520] Photoluminescence quantum yield measurement

[0521] Photoluminescent quantum yield (PLQY) was measured using an absolute PL quantum yield measurement system (Hamamatsu Photonics) C9920-03G. Quantum yield and CIE coordinates were determined using software U6039-05 version 3.6.0.

[0522] Maximum emission value is in nm, quantum yield Φ is in % and CIE coordinates are x, y values.

[0523] PLQY is determined using the following protocol:

[0524] 1) Quality Assurance: The anthracene concentration in ethanol (known concentration) is used as a reference.

[0525] 2) Excitation wavelength: Determine the maximum absorption value of organic molecules and use this wavelength to excite the molecules.

[0526] 3) Measurement

[0527] The quantum yield of solution or thin film samples was measured under a nitrogen atmosphere. The yield was calculated using the following equation:

[0528]

[0529] Where n photon Indicates photon count, and Int. indicates intensity.

[0530] Production and qualitative analysis of organic electroluminescent devices

[0531] OLED devices containing the organic molecules of this invention can be produced using a vacuum deposition method. If a layer contains more than one compound, the weight percentage of one or more compounds is expressed as %. The total weight percentage is 100%, so if no % value is given for a compound, the fraction of that compound is equal to the difference between the given value and 100%. Characterization of incompletely optimized OLEDs: using standard methods, the electroluminescence spectrum is measured, and the intensity-dependent external quantum efficiency (in %) is calculated based on the light and current detected by the photodiode. The lifetime of the OLED device is determined from the constant current density (in mA / cm²). 2 The brightness changes during operation are inferred. The LT50 value corresponds to the time when the measured brightness decreases to 50% of the initial brightness. Similarly, LT80 corresponds to the time when the measured brightness decreases to 80% of the initial brightness, LT97 corresponds to the time when the measured brightness decreases to 97% of the initial brightness, and so on.

[0532] Perform accelerated lifetime measurements (e.g., apply increased current density). For example, 1200 cd / m².2 The LT95 value is determined using the following equation:

[0533]

[0534] Where L0 represents the initial brightness under the applied current density.

[0535] The average of this value across several pixels (typically 2 to 8) is used as the standard deviation among these pixels. The data displayed is a series of data for an OLED pixel.

[0536] Comparative Example C1 and Examples E1 to E7

[0537]

[0538]

[0539] Table 1 Physical and chemical properties of materials

[0540]

[0541] Table 2. Setting examples for devices D1 to D7

[0542]

[0543]

[0544] Photophysical properties of layer 3

[0545]

[0546] Δλ max (nm) represents the comparative example device C1(λ) max (nm)comp and embodiment device (λ) max The maximum emission value λ of (nm)exp max Difference in (nm):

[0547] Δλ max (nm)=λ max (nm)comp-λ max (nm)exp.

[0548] The emitting layer of comparator C1 consists only of TADF1 and mCBP. 1000 cd / m 2 The external quantum efficiency (EQE) is 16% at 1200 cd / m². 2 The lifetime LT95 value was determined to be 490 hours. At 10 mA / cm² 2 The maximum emission wavelength is 520 nm. The corresponding CIEx value is 0.306, and CIEy is 0.604.

[0549] Device D1 has the same layer arrangement as device C1, but the light-emitting layer contains TADF1, mCBP, and 1% or 5% by weight of cavitator 1. The weight concentration of TADF1 is set to 20% by weight, and the concentration of mCBP is 79% by weight if 1% by weight of cavitator is used, or 75% by weight if 5% by weight of cavitator is used.

[0550] The preparation method for device D2 is the same as that for device D1, except that cavitator 1 is replaced with cavitator 2.

[0551] The preparation method for device D3 is the same as that for device D1, except that cavitator 1 is replaced with cavitator 3.

[0552] The preparation method for device D4 is the same as that for device D1, except that cavitator 1 is replaced with cavitator 4.

[0553] The preparation method for device D5 is the same as that for device D1, except that cavitator 1 is replaced with cavitator 5.

[0554] The preparation method for device D6 is the same as that for device D1, unless cavitator 1 is changed to cavitator 6.

[0555] The preparation method for device D7 is the same as that for device D1, except that cavitator 1 is replaced with cavitator 7.

[0556] Surprisingly, the presence of the cavitator led to an increase in the lifetime of the device of the present invention, with at least a similar, or even frequent, increase in EQE. The emitted color / maximum emission wavelength generally remained within at least a similar range. For E... HOMO (S B )-E HOMO (H B All devices with cavitation agents exceeding 0.2 eV, compared to Comparative Example C1 without cavitation agents and Example D7, showed an improvement at 1200 cd / m³. 2 The LT95 is significantly enhanced at 1200 cd / m 2 The relative lifespan of LT95 is increased by at least 30%, and by more than 300% in some cases.

Claims

1. An organic electroluminescent device, comprising an emissive layer B, wherein the emissive layer B comprises: (i) Main material H B It has the lowest excited singlet state energy level S1 H The lowest excited triplet energy level T1 H And energy is E HOMO (H B The highest occupied molecular orbital (HOMO) of H B ); (ii) Thermally activated delayed fluorescence (TADF) material E B It has the lowest excited singlet state energy level S1 E The lowest excited triplet energy level T1 E and energy of E HOMO (E B The highest occupied molecular orbital (HOMO) of ) B )); and (iii) Void-inducing agent S B It has the lowest excited singlet state energy level S1 S and optionally the lowest excited triplet level T1 S And energy is E HOMO (S B The highest occupied molecular orbital (HOMO) of ) B ); Where E B Emit thermally activated delayed fluorescence; And the relationships represented by the following formulas (1) to (3), and (4a) and (4b) or (5a) and (5b) hold: S1 H >S1 E (1) S1 H >S1 S (2) S1 S >S1 E (3) E HOMO (E B )≥E HOMO (H B (4a) 0.2eV≤E HOMO (S B )-E HOMO (E B )≤0.8eV(4b) HAVE BEEN HOMO (H B )≥E HOMO (HAVE BEEN B )(5a) 0.2eV≤E HOMO (S B )-E HOMO (H B )≤0.8eV(5b).

2. The organic electroluminescent device according to claim 1, wherein, The thermally activated delayed fluorescence (TADF) material E B Its characteristic lies in its ΔE ST The value is less than 0.4 eV, the ΔE ST The value corresponds to S1 E and T1 E The energy difference between them.

3. The organic electroluminescent device according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that, The TADF material E B With air-inducing agent S B mass ratio (E) B :S B )>1.

4. The organic electroluminescent device according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the organic electroluminescent device is selected from organic light-emitting diodes, light-emitting electrochemical cells, and light-emitting transistors.

5. The organic electroluminescent device according to claim 1 or 2, wherein, The TADF material E B It is an organic TADF luminescent material or a combination of two or more organic TADF luminescent materials.

6. The organic electroluminescent device according to claim 1 or 2, wherein, The cavitation agent S B It is an organic TADF luminescent material or a combination of two or more organic TADF luminescent materials.

7. The organic electroluminescent device according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the TADF material E B The lowest unoccupied molecular orbital LUMO (E B Energy E LUMO (E B ) and the void-inducing agent S B The lowest unoccupied molecular orbital LUMO (S B Energy E LUMO (S B The relationship between ) satisfies equation (7): E LUMO (S B )>E LUMO (E B ) (7)。 8. The organic electroluminescent device according to claim 1 or 2, wherein it satisfies the relationship represented by equation (6a), (6b) or (6c): AND HOMO (AND B )>E HOMO (H B )(6a) HAVE BEEN HOMO (H B )>E HOMO (HAVE BEEN B )(6b) -0.2eV≤E HOMO (H B )-E HOMO (E B )≤0.2eV(6c).

9. The organic electroluminescent device according to claim 1 or 2, wherein, The light-emitting layer B includes: (i) 39.8-98% by weight of the main compound H B ; (ii) 0.1-50% by weight of TADF material E B ; (iii) 0.1-50% by weight of cavitation agent S B ; (iv) 0-60% by weight of one or more different from H B Other main compounds H B2 ; (v) 0-60% by weight of one or more solvents; and (vi) 0-30% by weight of at least one additional emitter molecule F.

10. The organic electroluminescent device according to claim 1 or 2, wherein, The light-emitting layer B contains 1-8% by weight of a cavitating agent S. B .

11. The organic electroluminescent device according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that, The cavitation agent S B It has a ΔE of less than 0.4 eV. ST The value, the ΔE ST The value corresponds to S1 S and T1 S The energy difference between them.

12. The organic electroluminescent device according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the TADF light emitter E B And / or the aforementioned cavitation agent S B A structure comprising or composed of a structure of formula I-TADF. in o is 1 or 2 independently each time it appears; p is 1 or 2 independently each time it appears; X is independently Ar each time it appears. EWG H, CN, or CF3; Z is selected independently from direct bonds and CR each time it appears. 3 R 4 C = CR 3 R 4 C=O, C=NR 3 NR 3 O, SiR 3 R 4 S, S(O) and S(O)2; Ar EWG Each time it appears, it is an independent structure of one of the equations IIa to IIk. Where # represents the binding site of a single bond, which will bind Ar EWG A substituted central benzene ring attached to formula I-TADF; R 1 Each time it appears, it is independently selected from hydrogen, deuterium, C1-C5 alkyl and C6-C 18 The aryl group, wherein one or more hydrogen atoms of the C1-C5 alkyl group are optionally substituted with deuterium, and the C6-C... 18 The aryl group is optionally replaced by one or more substituents R 6 replace; R 2 Each time it appears, it is independently selected from hydrogen, deuterium, C1-C5 alkyl and C6-C 18 The aryl group, wherein one or more hydrogen atoms of the C1-C5 alkyl group are optionally substituted with deuterium, and the C6-C... 18 The aryl group is optionally replaced by one or more substituents R 6 replace; R a R 3 and R 4 Each time it appears, it is independently selected from hydrogen, deuterium, and N(R). 5 2. OR 5 SR 5 Si(R) 5 )3, CF3, CN, F, C1-C 40 Alkyl groups, optionally substituted with one or more substituents R 5 Substitution, and one or more of the non-adjacent CH2- groups are optionally replaced by R. 5 C = CR 5 C≡C, Si(R) 5 )2、Ge(R 5 )2, Sn(R 5 )2. C=O, C=S, C=Se, C=NR 5 、P(=O)(R 5 SO, SO2, NR 5 O, S or CONR 5 replace; C1-C 40 Thioalkoxy groups, which are optionally substituted with one or more R groups 5 Substitution, wherein one or more non-adjacent CH2- groups are optionally replaced by R 5 C = CR 5 C≡C, Si(R) 5 )2、Ge(R 5 )2, Sn(R 5 )2. C=O, C=S, C=Se, C=NR 5 、P(=O)(R 5 SO, SO2, NR 5 O, S or CONR 5 Replace; and C6-C 60 aryl group, which is optionally substituent by one or more substituents R 5 Replacement; C3-C 57 Heteroaryl groups, which are optionally substituents R 5 replace; R 5 Each time it appears, it is independently selected from hydrogen, deuterium, and N(R). 6 2. OR 6 SR 6 Si(R) 6 )3, CF3, CN, F, C1-C 40 Alkyl groups, optionally substituted with one or more substituents R 6 Substitution, and one or more of the non-adjacent CH2- groups are optionally replaced by R. 6 C = CR 6 C≡C, Si(R) 6 )2、Ge(R 6 )2, Sn(R 6 )2. C=O, C=S, C=Se, C=NR 6 、P(=O)(R 6 SO, SO2, NR 6 O, S or CONR 6 replace; C6-C 60 aryl, which is optionally substituent by one or more R groups 6 Replace; and C3-C 57 Heteroaryl groups, which are optionally substituents R 6 replace; R6 is selected independently from hydrogen, deuterium, OPh, CF3, CN, and F each time it appears. C1-C5 alkyl, wherein one or more hydrogen atoms are optionally substituted independently of each other with deuterium, CN, CF3 or F; C1-C5 alkoxy groups, wherein one or more hydrogen atoms are optionally substituted independently of each other by deuterium, CN, CF3 or F; C1-C5 thioalkoxy groups, wherein one or more hydrogen atoms are optionally substituted independently of each other by deuterium, CN, CF3 or F; C6-C 18 Aryl group, which may optionally be substituted by one or more C1-C5 alkyl substituents; C3-C 17 Heteroaryl groups, which are optionally bound by one or more C6-C 18 Aryl substituents and / or one or more C1-C5 alkyl substituents; N(C6-C 18 Aryl)2; N(C3-C 17 (heteroaryl)2, and N(C3-C 17 (C6-C) 18 (Aromatic); R d Each time it appears, it is independently selected from hydrogen, deuterium, and N(R). 5 2. OR 5 SR 5 Si(R) 5 )3, CF3, CN, F, C1-C 40 Alkyl groups, optionally substituted with one or more substituents R 5 Substitution, and one or more of the non-adjacent CH2- groups are optionally replaced by R. 5 C = CR 5 C≡C, Si(R) 5 )2、Ge(R 5 )2, Sn(R 5 )2. C=O, C=S, C=Se, C=NR 5 、P(=O)(R 5 SO, SO2, NR 5 O, S or CONR 5 replace; C1-C 40 Thioalkoxy groups, which are optionally substituted with one or more R groups 5 Substitution, wherein one or more non-adjacent CH2- groups are optionally replaced by R 5 C = CR 5 C≡C, Si(R) 5 )2、Ge(R 5 )2, Sn(R 5 )2. C=O, C=S, C=Se, C=NR 5 、P(=O)(R 5 SO, SO2, NR 5 O, S or CONR 5 Replace; and C6-C 60 aryl group, which is optionally substituent by one or more substituents R 5 Replacement; C3-C 57 Heteroaryl groups, which are optionally substituents R 5 replace; Wherein the substituent R a R 3 R 4 Or R 5 Optionally, it can be independently of one or more other substituents R a R 3 R 4 Or R 5 Forming monocyclic or polycyclic, aliphatic, aromatic, and / or benzo[a]-fused-ring systems, and One or more independent substituents R d Optionally, it can be independently reacted with one or more other substituents R. d Forming monocyclic or polycyclic, aliphatic, aromatic and / or benzo[a] fused ring systems.

13. The organic electroluminescent device according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the cavitating agent S B A structure containing one formula I-NRCT or consisting of a structure of one formula I-NRCT: in o is 0 or 1; m = 1 - o; X 1 It is N or B; X 2 It is N or B; X 3 It is N or B; W is selected from Si(R) 3S )2、C(R 3S )2 and BR 3S ; R 1S R 2S and R 3S Each of them is selected independently from: C1-C5 alkyl groups, optionally substituted with one or more R groups 6S replace; C6-C 60 aryl group, which is optionally substituent by one or more substituents R 6S Replace; and C3-C 57 Heteroaryl groups, which are optionally substituents R 6S replace; R I R II R III R IV R V R VI R VII R VIII R IX R X and R XI Each and every one of them is selected independently from: Hydrogen, deuterium, N(R) 5S 2. OR 5S Si(R) 5S 3. B(OR) 5S 2. OSO2R 5S CF3, CN, halogen C1-C 40 Alkyl groups, optionally substituted with one or more R groups 5S Substitution, and one or more of the non-adjacent CH2- groups are each optionally replaced by R. 5S C = CR 5S C≡C, Si(R) 5S )2、Ge(R 5S )2、Sn(R 5S )2. C=O, C=S, C=Se, C=NR 5S 、P(=O)(R 5S SO, SO2, NR 5S O, S or CONR 5S replace; C1-C 40 Alkyl group, which is optionally substituent by one or more R groups. 5S Substitution, and one or more of the non-adjacent CH2- groups are each optionally replaced by R. 5S C = CR 5S C≡C, Si(R) 5S )2、Ge(R 5S )2、Sn(R 5S )2. C=O, C=S, C=Se, C=NR 5S 、P(=O)(R 5S SO, SO2, NR 5S O, S or CONR 5S replace; C1-C 40 Thioalkoxy groups, optionally substituted with one or more R groups 5S Substitution, and one or more of the non-adjacent CH2- groups are each optionally replaced by R. 5S C = CR 5S C≡C, Si(R) 5S )2、Ge(R 5S )2、Sn(R 5S )2. C=O, C=S, C=Se, C=NR 5S 、P(=O)(R 5S SO, SO2, NR 5S O, S or CONR 5S replace; C2-C 40 Alkenyl group, which is optionally substituent by one or more R groups 5S Substitution, and one or more of the non-adjacent CH2- groups are each optionally replaced by R. 5S C = CR 5S C≡C, Si(R) 5S )2、Ge(R 5S )2、Sn(R 5S )2. C=O, C=S, C=Se, C=NR 5S 、P(=O)(R 5S ), SO, SO 2 NR 5S O, S or CONR 5S replace; C2-C 40 The alkynyl group, which is optionally substituent by one or more R groups 5S Substitution, and one or more of the non-adjacent CH2- groups are each optionally replaced by R. 5S C = CR 5S C≡C, Si(R) 5S )2、Ge(R 5S )2、Sn(R 5S )2. C=O, C=S, C=Se, C=NR 5S 、P(=O)(R 5S SO, SO2, NR 5S O, S or CONR 5S replace; C6-C 60 aryl, which is optionally substituent by one or more R groups 5S Replace; and C3-C 57 Heteroaryl groups, which are optionally substituents R 5S replace; R 5S Each of these elements is selected independently from the following: hydrogen, deuterium, OPh, CF3, CN, F. C1-C5 alkyl, wherein one or more hydrogen atoms are optionally substituted independently of each other by deuterium, CN, CF3 or F; C1-C5 alkoxy groups, wherein one or more hydrogen atoms are optionally substituted independently of each other by deuterium, CN, CF3 or F; C1-C5 thioalkoxy, wherein one or more hydrogen atoms are optionally substituted independently of each other by deuterium, CN, CF3 or F; C2-C5 alkenyl, wherein one or more hydrogen atoms are optionally substituted independently of each other by deuterium, CN, CF3 or F; C2-C5 ynyl group, wherein one or more hydrogen atoms are optionally substituted independently of each other by deuterium, CN, CF3 or F; C6-C 18 Aryl group, which is optionally substituted with one or more C1-C5 alkyl substituents; C3-C 17 Heteroaryl groups, which are optionally substituted with one or more C1-C5 alkyl substituents; N(C6-C 18 Aryl)2; N(C3-C 17 (heteroaryl)2; and N(C3-C 17 (C6-C) 18 (Aromatic); R 6S Each time it appears, it is independently selected from hydrogen, deuterium, OPh, CF3, CN, F, C1-C5 alkyl, wherein one or more hydrogen atoms are optionally substituted independently of each other by deuterium, CN, CF3 or F; C1-C5 alkoxy groups, wherein one or more hydrogen atoms are optionally substituted independently of each other by deuterium, CN, CF3 or F; C1-C5 thioalkoxy, wherein one or more hydrogen atoms are optionally substituted independently of each other by deuterium, CN, CF3 or F; C2-C5 alkenyl, wherein one or more hydrogen atoms are optionally substituted independently of each other by deuterium, CN, CF3 or F; C2-C5 ynyl group, wherein one or more hydrogen atoms are optionally substituted independently of each other by deuterium, CN, CF3 or F; C6-C 18 Aryl group, which is optionally substituted with one or more C1-C5 alkyl substituents; C3-C 17 Heteroaryl groups, which are optionally substituted with one or more C1-C5 alkyl substituents; N(C6-C 18 Aryl)2, N(C3-C 17 (heteroaryl)2; and N(C3-C 17 (C6-C) 18 (Aromatic); Two or more of the adjacent ones are selected from R I R II R III R IV R V R VI R VII R VIII R IX R X and R XI The substituents may optionally form monocyclic or polycyclic, aliphatic, aromatic, and / or benzo[a]-fused-ring systems with each other; and Where X 1 X 2 and X 3 At least one of them is B, and X 1 X 2 and X 3 At least one of them is N.

14. A method for generating visible light, comprising the following steps: (i) providing an organic electroluminescent device according to claim 1 or 2; and (ii) Apply current to the organic electroluminescent device.

15. A thermally activated delayed fluorescence (TADF) material E B The intended use of the thermally activated delayed fluorescence (TADF) material with at least one host material H B and at least one air-inducing agent S B The light-emitting layer is used in combination to increase the lifetime of an organic electroluminescent device, wherein the light-emitting layer is as described in any one of claims 1 to 13.

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