Chain-type cutting and earth-breaking equipment capable of being fixed on caisson and construction method thereof

Abstract

The present invention discloses a chain-type cutting and earth-breaking device that can be fixed on a caisson and a construction method thereof, comprising: a cutting device main unit, which is arranged at the top of the caisson; a water jet pipe, which is buried in the outer wall of the caisson and connects an external high-pressure water source with the bottom of the caisson; a cutting device, which includes a fixed bracket, which is fixed on the inclined surface of the caisson blade foot; a rotating shaft, which is rotatably connected to the fixed bracket; a reamer, which is fixed on the rotating shaft and is provided with a water jet hole connected to the outside; a water jet channel, which is configured to connect the water jet hole and the water jet pipe; and a chain, which is used to drive the rotating shaft to rotate under the drive of the cutting device main unit. The present invention arranges a cutting device at the bottom of the caisson blade foot, cooperates with the water jet pipe and chain transmission mechanism on the outer wall of the caisson, and can accurately cut the soil below the inclined surface of the blade foot, thereby solving the problem that the soil in the blind area of ​​soil extraction cannot be effectively destroyed, making it difficult for the caisson to sink, while avoiding excessive excavation of the soil below the caisson, thereby improving the construction quality and efficiency of the caisson.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of caisson construction, and more particularly to a chain-type cutting and earth-breaking device that can be fixed on a caisson and a construction method thereof. Background Art

[0002] With the development of long-span bridge construction across rivers and seas in China, caisson foundations have become widely used, with the trend towards deeper burial depths, larger structures, and more complex geological conditions. However, the sinking of large caissons is often accompanied by difficulties and limited sinking aids. The soil at the blade foot must be gradually weakened to allow the caisson to sink by squeezing the soil. However, the presence of blind spots and hard soil layers below the blade foot creates a conflict between effectively weakening the blade foot and avoiding excessive excavation of the pot bottom. This creates significant risks and challenges in controlling sinking during caisson construction.

[0003] In order to solve the above problems, it is necessary to design a chain-type cutting and earth-breaking equipment that can be fixed on the caisson and its construction method, which can effectively cut and destroy the soil under the blade foot and avoid excavation too deep. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a chain-type cutting and earth-breaking equipment that can be fixed on a caisson and a construction method thereof. By arranging a cutting device at the bottom of the caisson blade foot, in conjunction with the water jet pipe and chain transmission mechanism on the outer wall of the caisson, the soil below the inclined surface of the blade foot can be accurately cut, thereby solving the problem that the soil in the blind area of ​​soil extraction cannot be effectively destroyed, making it difficult for the caisson to sink. At the same time, excessive excavation of the soil below the caisson is avoided, thereby improving the construction quality and efficiency of the caisson.

[0005] In order to achieve these purposes and other advantages according to the present invention, a chain-type cutting and earth-breaking device that can be fixed on a caisson is provided, comprising:

[0006] The main cutting device is arranged at the top of the caisson;

[0007] A water jet pipe is buried in the outer wall of the caisson and connects an external high-pressure water source with the bottom of the caisson;

[0008] A cutting device is provided at the bottom of the caisson, the cutting device comprising a fixed bracket fixed to the inclined surface of the caisson blade foot; a rotating shaft sleeved on the outside of the fixed bracket and rotatably connected thereto; a reamer fixed on the rotating shaft, the reamer being provided with a water jet hole communicating with the outside; and a water jet channel configured to connect the water jet hole with a corresponding water jet pipe;

[0009] A chain is arranged in the caisson and connects the cutting equipment main unit and the rotating shaft of the cutting device. The chain drives the rotating shaft to rotate under the drive of the cutting equipment main unit.

[0010] Preferably, the chain-type cutting and earth-breaking equipment that can be fixed on the caisson further includes a guide rail, which is arranged on the top of the caisson along the circumference of the caisson, and the main body of the cutting equipment is arranged on the guide rail and is slidably connected thereto.

[0011] Preferably, the chain-type cutting and earth-breaking equipment that can be fixed on the caisson, the fixed bracket is located in the middle of the inclined surface of the caisson blade foot and is arranged perpendicular to it, the reamer includes a plurality of blades, which are arranged at intervals along the outer periphery of the rotating shaft, and any blade is arranged along the radial direction of the rotating shaft and fixedly connected to its outer side wall, the blade is inclined downward at a certain angle to the inclined surface of the caisson blade foot and the outer end does not exceed the inclined edge of the caisson blade foot.

[0012] Preferably, the chain-type cutting and earth-breaking equipment that can be fixed on the caisson, the cutting device also includes a cutting knife, which is located below the reamer and fixed at the bottom end of the rotating shaft, the cutting knife and the inclined surface of the caisson blade foot are inclined downward at a certain angle and the inclination angle is greater than the inclination angle of the reamer; a plurality of protrusions are arranged at intervals on the outside of the chain, and the outer end of any protrusion is provided with cutting teeth, and the protrusions do not interfere with the main body of the cutting equipment and the rotating shaft.

[0013] Preferably, the chain-type cutting and earth-breaking equipment that can be fixed on the caisson, the water jetting channel is arranged inside the fixed bracket, the rotating shaft and the reamer, one end of the water jetting channel is connected to the bottom of the water jetting pipe, and the other end passes through the fixed bracket, the rotating shaft, the reamer in sequence and is connected to the water jetting hole.

[0014] Preferably, the chain-type cutting and earth-breaking equipment that can be fixed on the caisson, the engine output shaft of the cutting equipment main body and the rotating shaft are fixed with transmission gears, the chain is a closed ring structure, and its top and bottom ends are respectively engaged with the transmission gears.

[0015] Preferably, the chain-type cutting and earth-breaking equipment that can be fixed on the caisson further includes a transmission direction adjustment device, which includes a housing, which is located on the top of the caisson blade foot and fixed to the bulkhead surface of the caisson; a first steering gear and a second steering gear, which are mutually transmission-connected and rotationally connected to the housing via steering shafts, respectively, and the steering shafts of the first steering gear and the second steering gear are arranged at an angle;

[0016] The chain includes a first chain, two ends of which are respectively connected to the cutting equipment main body and the first direction-adjusting gear; and a second chain, two ends of which are respectively connected to the second direction-adjusting gear and the rotating shaft.

[0017] Preferably, the chain-type cutting and earth-breaking equipment that can be fixed on the caisson also includes an anti-sway bracket, which is located above the cutting foot of the caisson. The anti-sway bracket includes a plurality of limit brackets, which are arranged at intervals along the height direction of the caisson and fixed on the bulkhead surface of the caisson. Any limit bracket is a frame structure that passes through the top and bottom. The chain passes through the middle of the plurality of limit brackets in sequence along the height direction of the caisson and is connected to the cutting device.

[0018] Preferably, the chain-type cutting and earth-breaking equipment that can be fixed on the caisson, the limiting bracket includes two transverse braces, which are fixed at intervals at the same height position on the bulkhead surface of the caisson; two longitudinal braces, which are fixed at intervals between the two transverse braces and together form a frame structure closed in the horizontal direction; and an anti-collision pad, which is continuously arranged along the inner circumference of the frame structure and is fitly connected to its inner wall.

[0019] The present invention also provides a construction method for a chain-type cutting and earth-breaking device that can be fixed on a caisson, comprising:

[0020] S1. Assemble one or more chain-type cutting and earth-breaking devices that can be fixed on the caisson;

[0021] S2. Start the main cutting device, causing the chain to drive the rotating shaft of the cutting device to rotate. The protrusions on the chain and the reamer and cutting knife on the rotating shaft rotate around the rotating shaft from three height positions and cut the soil below the inclined surface of the caisson blade foot. Simultaneously, an external high-pressure water source sprays high-pressure air and water around the reamer through the water jet pipe, water jet channel, and water jet hole to assist in cutting the soil below the inclined surface of the caisson blade foot and remove soil particles.

[0022] S3. Use mud suction equipment to discharge the soil particles flushed out by high-pressure air and water from the bottom of the caisson, so that the caisson sinks further.

[0023] The present invention has at least the following beneficial effects:

[0024] 1. The present invention is suitable for the construction of soil excavation and sinking of caisson foundations. By arranging a cutting device at the bottom of the caisson blade foot, in conjunction with a water jet pipe and a chain-type transmission mechanism on the outer wall of the caisson, the soil below the inclined surface of the blade foot can be accurately cut, thereby solving the problem that the soil in the blind area of ​​soil excavation cannot be effectively destroyed, making it difficult to sink the caisson. At the same time, excessive excavation of the soil below the caisson is avoided, thereby improving the quality and efficiency of caisson construction.

[0025] 2. The chain-type cutting and earth-breaking equipment of the present invention has a simple structure and adopts a modular assembly structure. It can be quickly disassembled, assembled and reused. The overall chain-type cutting and earth-breaking equipment can be driven by the main unit of the cutting equipment to move on the caisson. It has a fast construction speed, high specificity, strong practicality, good durability, and can create greater economic benefits.

[0026] Other advantages, objectives and features of the present invention will be reflected in part from the following description and will be understood by those skilled in the art through study and practice of the present invention. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0027] Figure 1 This is a schematic elevational structural diagram of a chain-type cutting and earth-breaking device that can be fixed on a caisson according to one embodiment of the present invention;

[0028] Figure 2 Schematic diagram of the structure of the cutting device in the above embodiment;

[0029] Figure 3 Schematic diagram of the structure of the anti-sway bracket in the above embodiment;

[0030] Figure 4 Schematic diagram of the structure of the chain connected to the rotating shaft in the above embodiment.

[0031] Description of reference numerals:

[0032] 1. Slanted surface of the caisson blade foot; 2. Outer wall of the caisson; 3. Water jet pipe; 4. Guide rail; 5. Cutting equipment main unit; 6. Chain; 7. Fixed bracket; 8. Transmission direction adjustment device; 9. Cutting device; 10. Water jet hole; 11. Rotating shaft; 12. Transmission gear; 13. Reamer; 14. Bulkhead surface; 15. Inner support; 16. Horizontal support; 17. Outer support; 18. Anti-collision pad; 19. Cutting knife; 20. Cutting teeth. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0033] The present invention will be described in further detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings so that those skilled in the art can implement the invention with reference to the description.

[0034] It should be noted that the experimental methods described in the following embodiments are conventional methods unless otherwise specified, and the reagents and materials are commercially available unless otherwise specified; in the description of the present invention, the terms "horizontal", "longitudinal", "upper", "lower", "front", "back", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inside", "outside" and the like indicate orientations or positional relationships based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore cannot be understood as a limitation to the present invention.

[0035] like Figure 1-4 As shown, the present invention provides a chain-type cutting and earth-breaking device that can be fixed on a caisson, comprising:

[0036] The cutting device main unit 5 is arranged at the top of the caisson;

[0037] a water jet pipe 3, which is buried in the outer wall 2 of the caisson and connects the external high-pressure water source with the bottom of the caisson;

[0038] A cutting device 9 is provided at the bottom of the caisson. The cutting device 9 includes a fixed bracket 7 fixed to the inclined surface 1 of the caisson blade foot; a rotating shaft 11 sleeved on the outside of the fixed bracket 7 and rotatably connected thereto; a reamer 13 fixed to the rotating shaft 11, the reamer 13 being provided with a water jet hole 10 communicating with the outside; and a water jet channel configured to connect the water jet hole 10 with a corresponding water jet pipe 3.

[0039] The chain 6 is arranged in the caisson and connects the cutting equipment main unit 5 and the rotating shaft 11 of the cutting device 9. The chain 6 drives the rotating shaft 11 to rotate when driven by the cutting equipment main unit 5.

[0040] In the above technical solution, the main body 5 of the cutting equipment provides power for the integral chain-type cutting and earth-breaking equipment. The main body 5 of the cutting equipment includes an engine, and its model, power, structural dimensions, etc. can be selected according to construction needs. The structural form and size of the caisson are not affected by the main body of the cutting equipment, and are raised as the soil is taken and sinks during the construction process. A steel plate is fixed (laid) on the inclined surface 1 of the caisson blade foot, and one end of the fixed bracket 7 of the cutting device 9 is welded or bolted to the steel plate to facilitate the disassembly and assembly of the cutting device 9. The water jet pipe 3 is pre-buried in the outer wall 2 of the caisson. Steel pipes and PVC pipes can be used. The size is designed according to construction needs. The pre-buried position of the water jet pipe 3 corresponds to the installation position of the cutting device 9 to provide high-pressure gas and water to the water jet hole 10 of the reamer 13. The direction of the spray hole of the water jet pipe 3 and the water jet hole 10 is designed according to construction needs. One end of the water jet pipe 3 is connected to an external high-pressure water source, while the other end extends downward through the outer wall 2 of the caisson and to the cutting device 9. A water jet channel is provided within the cutting device 9, connecting the lower water outlet of the water jet pipe 3 with the water jet hole 10 on the reamer 13. Thus, in operating mode, high-pressure water passes through the water jet pipe 3 and the water jet channel in sequence, and is ejected externally through the water jet hole 10 on the reamer 13. The chain 6 is made of metal, and its size, length, and model are selected according to construction requirements to meet the needs of continuous underwater construction operations. In this embodiment, the chain-type cutting and earth-breaking equipment operates as follows: the engine of the cutting equipment main unit 5 drives the chain 6, thereby driving the rotating shaft 11 on the cutting device 9 below to rotate, causing the reamer 13 to rotate and cut and destroy the soil support below the inclined surface 1 of the caisson blade foot. At the same time, an external high-pressure water source sprays high-pressure air and water around the reamer 13 through the water jet pipe 3 and the water jet hole 10, achieving the effect of further cutting and destroying the soil. The jet water removes particles in the soil, making it easier for the mud suction equipment located in the caisson to remove soil. In addition, the high-pressure air and water flush the rotating shaft 11 and chain 6, preventing fine particles from getting stuck in the gap between the rotating shaft 11 and chain 6, thereby reducing equipment power loss.

[0041] The present invention specifically sets a cutting device on the inclined surface of the caisson blade foot for the blind area for soil extraction under the inclined surface of the caisson blade foot. In conjunction with the water jet pipe and chain transmission mechanism on the outer wall of the caisson, the soil below the inclined surface of the blade foot can be accurately cut, solving the problem that the soil in the blind area for soil extraction cannot be effectively destroyed, making it difficult for the caisson to sink. At the same time, it avoids excessive excavation of the soil below the caisson, and improves the quality and efficiency of caisson construction. In addition, the chain-type cutting and earth-breaking equipment of the present invention has a simple structure, and each structure adopts a modular structure. It can be quickly disassembled and assembled on the caisson and reused. In particular, the chain-type transmission structure can adapt to the continuous height increase of the caisson by directly extending the chain. There is no need to frequently adjust the internal fixed structure of the chain cutting equipment, which is conducive to improving construction efficiency.

[0042] In another technical solution, the chain-type cutting and earth-breaking equipment that can be fixed on the caisson also includes a guide rail 4, which is arranged at the top of the caisson along the circumference of the caisson, and the cutting equipment main unit 5 is arranged on the guide rail 4 and is slidably connected thereto. Specifically, the cutting equipment main unit 5 moves on the guide rail 4 via wheels. In actual construction, the position of the cutting equipment main unit 5 can be adjusted according to the actual construction situation (such as the caisson blade foot at a certain position along the circumference of the caisson is difficult to sink, resulting in the caisson angle being tilted). Correspondingly, when the position of the cutting equipment main unit is adjusted, the positions of the water jet pipe and the cutting device are also adaptively adjusted, so that the cutting device 9 is always located on the inclined surface 1 of the caisson blade foot at the position where auxiliary sinking is required. The cutting device 9 can be quickly disassembled and assembled on the inclined surface 1 of the caisson blade foot, thereby cooperating with the cutting equipment main unit to adjust the working position in real time, adapting to the needs of caisson construction, and ensuring the caisson sinking efficiency and construction quality.

[0043] In another technical solution, the chain-type cutting and earth-breaking equipment that can be fixed on the caisson, the fixed bracket 7 is located in the middle of the inclined surface 1 of the caisson blade foot and is arranged perpendicularly thereto, the reamer 13 includes a plurality of blades, which are arranged at intervals along the outer periphery of the rotating shaft 11, and any blade is arranged along the radial direction of the rotating shaft 11 and fixedly connected to its outer side wall, and the blade is inclined downward at a certain angle to the inclined surface 1 of the caisson blade foot, and the outer end does not exceed the inclined surface edge of the caisson blade foot. In the above technical solution, the fixed bracket 7 is perpendicular to the inclined surface 1 of the caisson blade foot, the blade is made of metal, the blade has a hollow structure, the water injection hole 10 is located on the surface of the blade and connects the inside and outside of the blade, and the specific structural size and number of the blade, and the position and number of the water injection hole 10 can be designed according to construction needs. When the shaft 11 rotates, the blade rotates along the axial direction of the shaft 11, and the cutting surface formed by the rotation of the blade at any length position is parallel to the inclined surface 1 of the caisson blade foot, that is, according to the inclined surface angle of the caisson blade foot, the soil directly below it is adaptively cut, which can better assist the caisson blade foot to sink smoothly; at the same time, the blade is further tilted downward relative to the inclined surface angle of the caisson blade foot, and the outer end (tip) of the blade forms a three-dimensional cutting surface tilted downward directly below the inclined surface of the caisson blade foot while assisting in cutting. When the cutting device 9 continues to sink with the caisson blade foot, a force-bearing surface that is convenient for cutting is formed, which can better cut and loosen the soil below, and reduce the resistance of the soil to the reamer during cutting and rotation, thereby improving the durability of the cutting device.

[0044] In another technical solution, the chain-type cutting and earth-breaking equipment that can be fixed on the caisson, the cutting device 9 also includes a cutting knife 19, which is located below the reamer 13 and fixed to the bottom end of the rotating shaft 11. The cutting knife 19 is tilted downward at a certain angle to the inclined surface 1 of the caisson blade foot, and the tilt angle is greater than the tilt angle of the reamer 13; a plurality of protrusions are arranged at intervals on the outside of the chain 6, and the outer end of any protrusion is provided with a cutting tooth 20, and the protrusion does not interfere with the main body 5 of the cutting equipment and the rotating shaft 11. In the above technical solution, the cutting teeth 20 on the protrusions, the reamer 13, and the cutting knife 19 form a three-layer cutting structure from top to bottom along the length direction of the rotating shaft 11. The cutting knife 19 located at the bottom is tilted the deepest relative to the inclined surface 1 of the caisson blade foot. The cutting surface formed by the cutting teeth 20 is parallel to the inclined surface 1 of the caisson blade foot, and the tilt degree of the reamer 13 is between the above two cutting structures. Specifically, the bottom end of the rotating shaft 11 is a closed structure, which is integrally mounted on the outside of the bottom end of the fixed bracket 7 (wrapping the bottom end of the fixed bracket 7). When the cutting device 9 sinks as a whole with the caisson, the surrounding soil will not be squeezed into the gap between the rotating shaft 11 and the fixed bracket 7, thereby ensuring the stability of the cutting device 9. The bottom end of the cutting knife 19 will not be lower than the bottom end of the inclined surface 1 of the caisson blade foot. The cutting knife 19 first contacts the lower soil during the sinking process, and the inclination degree of the cutting knife 19 is the highest, which is conducive to cutting the hard soil below; the soil after the initial cutting moves to the vicinity of the reamer 13 during the sinking process of the caisson, and after being further cut by the reamer 13, it is carried away by the jet of water under the action of high-pressure water gas; the protrusion is arranged on the outside of the chain 6. When the chain 6 is connected to the rotating shaft 11 for transmission, the chain 6 is sleeved on the outer periphery of the rotating shaft 11 and forms an arc-shaped structure. The protrusion is located on the outside of the arc-shaped structure and does not contact the rotating shaft 11. The cutting teeth 20 located on the protrusion are used to assist in cutting the soil that has not been carried away by the water flow in time after being cut by the reamer 13, and to prevent sand or other small soil particles from being blocked between the rotating shaft 11, the fixed bracket 7, the chain 6, and the caisson blade foot, affecting the normal operation of the cutting device. Thus, the cutting blade 19, the reamer 13 and the cutting teeth 20 form a layer-by-layer cutting structure for the soil below, and cut the hard soil and its debris layer by layer by changing the inclination angle, ensuring that the soil below the inclined surface of the caisson blade foot is accurately and fully cut, and the reamer 13 with the water injection hole 10 is located between the other two layers of cutting structure, and can take away the surrounding cut soil when spraying high-pressure air and water, further improving the construction efficiency of cutting and discharging the soil in the blind area of ​​soil excavation, and avoiding the situation where the uncut soil accumulates on the inclined surface near the caisson blade foot, making it difficult to sink the caisson; at the same time, the above three-layer cutting structure also forms a three-dimensional protective structure on the outside of the rotating shaft, which effectively avoids the influence of hard soil blocks on the rotating connection structure (rotating shaft 11, fixed bracket 7) during the sinking process, and also reduces the damage to the rotating shaft itself caused by external impact force, thereby improving the durability of the equipment.

[0045] In another technical solution, the chain-type cutting and earth-breaking equipment that can be fixed on the caisson, the water jetting channel is arranged inside the fixed bracket 7, the rotating shaft 11 and the reamer 13, one end of the water jetting channel is connected to the bottom of the water jetting pipe 3, and the other end passes through the fixed bracket 7, the rotating shaft 11, the reamer 13 in sequence and is connected to the water jetting hole 10. Specifically, the water jetting channel is segmented and continuously arranged inside the cutting device 9, and the water jetting channel includes: a first water jetting channel, which is arranged inside the fixed bracket 7, one end of the first water jetting channel is connected to the bottom of the water jetting pipe 3, and the other end extends downward between the fixed bracket 7 and the rotating shaft 11 and forms a cylindrical water trough inside the fixed bracket 7; a second water jetting channel, which is arranged inside the rotating shaft 11, one end of the second water jetting channel is connected to the first water jetting channel, and the other end extends between the rotating shaft 11 and the reamer 13. The second water jetting channel may include a plurality of channels, which are arranged along the The rotating shaft 11 is circumferentially spaced and corresponds one-to-one with the multiple blades of the reamer 13. Each channel is radially arranged along the rotating shaft 11 and connects the cylindrical water trough with the interior of the corresponding blade. A third water jet channel is arranged inside the reamer 13 and connects the second water jet channel with the water jet hole 10. The third water jet channel also includes multiple water outlet channels, which correspond one-to-one with the multiple blades of the reamer 13. Each water outlet channel is arranged inside the corresponding blade. When there are multiple water jet holes 10 on a blade, the water outlet channel can connect the multiple water jet holes 10 on the same blade from the inside and connect them to the second water jet channel corresponding to the blade. Thus, high-pressure gas and water from an external high-pressure water source are transported to the cutting device 9 through the water jet pipe 3 and sequentially pass through the first, second, and third water jet channels, and are ejected from the water jet hole 10 to the soil outside the corresponding reamer 13. The multiple channels of the second water jet channel are circumferentially distributed outside the cylindrical water trough, ensuring the circulation of high-pressure gas and water in the water jet channels even when the rotating shaft rotates.

[0046] In another technical solution, the chain-type cutting and earth-breaking equipment that can be fixed on the caisson is a cutting equipment main unit 5, and a transmission gear is fixed on the engine output shaft and the rotating shaft 11. The chain 6 is a closed ring structure, and its top and bottom ends are respectively engaged with the transmission gears. The chain 6 is respectively connected to the engine output shaft and the rotating shaft 11 by means of the meshing of transmission gears. A transmission gear 12 is fixed on the rotating shaft 11, and another transmission gear is fixed on the engine output shaft. The structural dimensions of the two transmission gears match the chain 6, which can better achieve stable transmission of the engine-rotating shaft through the chain and meet the needs of continuous underwater construction operations. During operation, the transmission gear 12 is driven by the chain 6, driving the rotating shaft 11 to rotate and drive the reamer 13 on the rotating shaft to rotate synchronously, thereby cutting the soil below the slope.

[0047] In another technical solution, the chain-type cutting and earth-breaking equipment that can be fixed on the caisson further includes a transmission direction adjustment device 8, which includes a housing, which is located on the top of the caisson blade and fixed to the bulkhead surface 14 of the caisson; a first steering gear and a second steering gear, which are mutually transmission-connected and rotationally connected to the housing via steering shafts, respectively, and the steering shafts of the first steering gear and the second steering gear are arranged at an angle;

[0048] The chain 6 includes a first chain, both ends of which are respectively connected to the cutting equipment main unit 5 and the first direction-adjusting gear; and a second chain, both ends of which are respectively connected to the second direction-adjusting gear and the rotating shaft 11.

[0049] In the above technical solution, both the first steering gear and the second steering gear can include multiple steering gears, which are respectively fixed to the housing via steering shafts. The multiple steering gears of the first steering gear transmit power to each other; the multiple steering gears of the second steering gear transmit power to each other. The housing is located at the intersection of the caisson bulkhead 14 and the caisson blade foot. The housing is made of metal and is welded or bolted to the bulkhead 14 with the first section of the caisson steel plate. The fixed position is at the top of the inclined surface of the caisson blade foot. The size of the housing is designed according to the caisson structure and construction requirements. The length of the housing is greater than the width of the caisson shear key. The installation position corresponds to the cutting device 9 installed on the inclined surface of the blade foot. The upper steering gear of the first steering gear meshes with the first chain, and the lower steering gear of the second steering gear meshes with the second chain. Because the output shaft of the engine and the rotating shaft 11 are not coaxial, the steering axes of the first and second steering gears form an angle. To achieve the transmission connection between the first and second steering gears, the first and second steering gears form a bevel gear connection structure to achieve gear transmission between the intersecting axes. When the engine is working, the engine output shaft drives the first chain transmission and drives the first steering gear to rotate; the first steering gear is connected to the second steering gear, driving the second steering gear to rotate, causing the second chain transmission to drive the rotating shaft 11 on the cutting device 9 to rotate, thereby driving the reamer 13 to cut the soil. The above-mentioned separate transmission direction adjustment device realizes power transmission between chains with different transmission directions. The adjustment gears are all arranged inside the outer shell, which protects the transmission working environment between the adjustment gears and between the adjustment gears and the chains. The chain between the transmission direction adjustment device 8 and the cutting device 9 is always in a tensioned state, making the chain transmission structure more stable and able to better adapt to the needs of continuous underwater operations.

[0050] In another technical solution, the chain-type cutting and earth-breaking equipment that can be fixed on the caisson further includes an anti-sway bracket, which is located above the caisson blade foot. The anti-sway bracket includes multiple limit brackets, which are arranged at intervals along the height direction of the caisson and fixed on the caisson's partition surface 14. Each limit bracket is a frame structure that runs through from top to bottom. The chain 6 passes through the middle of the multiple limit brackets in sequence along the height direction of the caisson and is connected to the cutting device 9. The number and installation position of the limit brackets are designed according to construction needs. Their function is to prevent the chain from swinging too much due to other effects such as falling objects from high altitude and wind loads, resulting in a loss of equipment working efficiency.

[0051] In another technical solution, the chain-type cutting and earth-breaking equipment that can be fixed on the caisson includes two horizontal braces 16 fixed at intervals at the same height on the caisson's bulkhead surface 14; two longitudinal braces fixed at intervals between the two horizontal braces 16 and together forming a horizontally closed frame structure; and anti-collision pads 18 that are continuously arranged along the inner circumference of the frame structure and are closely connected to its inner sidewall. Specifically, the two longitudinal braces include an inner brace 15 located in the middle of the length direction of the two horizontal braces 16 and an outer brace 17 located at the outer ends of the two horizontal braces 16. The inner brace 15 is adjacent to the bulkhead surface 14, and the outer brace 17 is adjacent to the inner brace 15. The inner brace 15, cross brace 16, and outer brace 17 of the limit bracket are all made of section steel, with the type and size designed according to construction requirements, and connected by welding or bolting. The components of the limit bracket and the cross brace 16 and the bulkhead 14 are all detachably connected. When the bulkhead 14 is concrete, the cross brace 16 is fixed to the bulkhead 14 by welding with embedded parts. When the bulkhead 14 is steel plate, the cross brace 16 is fixed to the bulkhead 14 by bolting or welding. The anti-collision pad 18 can be made of sponge, rubber, or other materials. It is embedded in the inner side wall of the frame structure formed by the inner brace 15, cross brace 16, and outer brace 17 and is removable and replaceable. The anti-collision pad prevents the chain from hitting the metal support during swinging, causing wear.

[0052] The present invention also provides a construction method for a chain-type cutting and earth-breaking device that can be fixed on a caisson, comprising:

[0053] S1. Assemble one or more chain-type cutting and earth-breaking devices that can be fixed on the caisson;

[0054] S2. Start the cutting equipment main unit 5, so that the chain 6 drives and drives the rotating shaft 11 of the cutting device 9 to rotate. The protrusions on the chain 6 and the reamer 13 and cutting knife 19 on the rotating shaft 11 rotate around the rotating shaft 11 from three height positions and cut the soil below the inclined surface 1 of the caisson blade foot. At the same time, an external high-pressure water source sprays high-pressure air and water around the reamer 13 through the water jet pipe 3, the water jet channel and the water jet hole 10, thereby assisting in cutting the soil below the inclined surface 1 of the caisson blade foot and carrying away soil particles.

[0055] S3. Use mud suction equipment to discharge the soil particles flushed out by high-pressure air and water from the bottom of the caisson, so that the caisson sinks further.

[0056] In the above technical scheme, the assembly method of any chain-type cutting and earth-breaking equipment that can be fixed on a caisson includes: pre-embedding a water jet pipe 3 in the outer wall 2 of the caisson, and fixing the cutting device 9 and the bottom end of the water jet pipe 3 correspondingly at the bottom of the caisson; laying a guide rail 4 on the top of the caisson, and installing the cutting equipment main unit 5 on the guide rail 4; respectively installing an anti-sway bracket and a transmission direction adjustment device 8 on the bulkhead surface 14 of the caisson, and the top end of the first chain is transmission-connected to the cutting equipment main unit 5, and the bottom end passes through the anti-sway bracket and is transmission-connected to the first adjustment gear of the transmission direction adjustment device 8, the first chain is meshed with the first adjustment gear and the transmission gear on the engine output shaft, one end of the second chain is transmission-connected to the second adjustment gear of the transmission direction adjustment device 8, and the other end is transmission-connected to the rotating shaft 11, and the second chain is meshed with the second adjustment gear and the transmission gear on the rotating shaft 11.

[0057] Specifically, when multiple chain-type cutting and earth-breaking devices are provided, there are two forms of connection between the cutting device 9 and the cutting device host 5:

[0058] The multiple cutting device mainframes 5 correspond to the multiple cutting devices 9 in a one-to-one manner, i.e., multiple first chains and multiple second chains are provided in a corresponding manner. The multiple cutting device mainframes 5 are arranged on the guide rail 4 at intervals, and each cutting device mainframe 5 independently drives the transmission direction adjustment device 8 through the corresponding first chain, thereby driving the cutting device 9 to operate;

[0059] One cutting device main unit 5 corresponds to multiple cutting devices 9 at the same time, that is, one first chain and multiple second chains are provided. At this time, there is only one cutting device main unit 5 on the guide rail 4, and multiple cutting devices 9 are provided at intervals on the inclined surface 1 of the caisson blade foot. In order to drive multiple cutting devices 9 to work simultaneously through the same cutting device main unit 5, several pulley sets can be fixed on the caisson compartment surface 14, and the first adjustment gears or second adjustment gears corresponding to different cutting devices 9 are connected in pairs. Thus, when the first chain is connected downward to the corresponding transmission direction adjustment device 8, the pulley set can drive multiple transmission direction adjustment devices 8 to work, and correspondingly, drive multiple cutting devices 9 to work, so that one chain cutting device main unit 5 can drive multiple cutting devices 9 to work, reducing the investment in large equipment during construction.

[0060] Although the embodiments of the present invention have been disclosed above, they are not limited to the applications listed in the description and implementation methods. They can be fully applied to various fields suitable for the present invention. For those familiar with the art, additional modifications can be easily implemented. Therefore, without departing from the general concept defined by the claims and the scope of equivalents, the present invention is not limited to the specific details and illustrations shown and described herein.

Claims

1. A chain-type cutting and earth-breaking device that can be fixed on a caisson, characterized in that: include: The main cutting device is arranged at the top of the caisson; A water jet pipe is buried in the outer wall of the caisson and connects an external high-pressure water source with the bottom of the caisson; A cutting device is provided at the bottom of the caisson, the cutting device comprising a fixed bracket fixed to the inclined surface of the caisson blade foot; a rotating shaft sleeved on the outside of the fixed bracket and rotatably connected thereto; a reamer fixed on the rotating shaft, the reamer being provided with a water jet hole communicating with the outside; and a water jet channel configured to connect the water jet hole with a corresponding water jet pipe; a chain, which is arranged in the caisson and connects the cutting equipment main body and the rotating shaft of the cutting device, and the chain drives the rotating shaft to rotate when driven by the cutting equipment main body; An anti-sway bracket is located above the caisson blade foot, and the anti-sway bracket includes a plurality of limit brackets, which are arranged at intervals along the height direction of the caisson and fixed on the bulkhead surface of the caisson. Each limit bracket is a frame structure that passes through the upper and lower parts. The chain passes through the middle parts of the plurality of limit brackets in sequence along the height direction of the caisson and is connected to the cutting device. In which, the fixed bracket is located in the middle of the inclined surface of the caisson blade foot and is arranged perpendicular to it. The reamer includes multiple blades, which are arranged at intervals along the outer periphery of the rotating shaft. Any blade is arranged along the radial direction of the rotating shaft and fixedly connected to its outer side wall. The blade is inclined downward at a certain angle to the inclined surface of the caisson blade foot and the outer end does not exceed the edge of the inclined surface of the caisson blade foot.

2. The chain-type cutting and earth-breaking device that can be fixed on the caisson according to claim 1, characterized in that: It also includes a guide rail, which is arranged on the top of the caisson along the circumference of the caisson, and the cutting equipment main body is arranged on the guide rail and is slidably connected with the guide rail.

3. The chain-type cutting and earth-breaking device that can be fixed on the caisson as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: The cutting device also includes a cutting knife, which is located below the reamer and fixed at the bottom end of the rotating shaft. The cutting knife and the inclined surface of the caisson blade are inclined downward at a certain angle, and the inclination angle is greater than the inclination angle of the reamer; a plurality of protrusions are arranged at intervals on the outside of the chain, and the outer end of any protrusion is provided with cutting teeth, and the protrusions do not interfere with the main body of the cutting equipment and the rotating shaft.

4. The chain-type cutting and earth-breaking device that can be fixed on a caisson as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: The water jet channel is arranged inside the fixed bracket, the rotating shaft and the reamer, one end of the water jet channel is connected to the bottom of the water jet pipe, and the other end passes through the fixed bracket, the rotating shaft, the reamer in sequence and is connected to the water jet hole.

5. The chain-type cutting and earth-breaking device that can be fixed on a caisson as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: Transmission gears are fixed to the engine output shaft of the main engine of the cutting equipment and the rotating shaft. The chain is in a closed ring structure, and the top and bottom ends of the chain are respectively meshed and connected with the transmission gears.

6. The chain-type cutting and earth-breaking device that can be fixed on a caisson as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: The invention also includes a transmission direction adjustment device, which includes a housing located on top of the caisson blade and fixed to the bulkhead surface of the caisson; a first steering gear and a second steering gear, which are transmission-connected to each other and rotationally connected to the housing via steering shafts, respectively, and the steering shafts of the first steering gear and the second steering gear are arranged at an angle; The chain includes a first chain, both ends of which are respectively connected to the cutting equipment main body and the first direction adjustment gear; The second chain has two ends respectively connected to the second direction-adjusting gear and the rotating shaft.

7. The chain-type cutting and earth-breaking device that can be fixed on a caisson as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: The limiting bracket includes two transverse braces, which are fixed at the same height position on the bulkhead surface of the caisson; two longitudinal braces, which are fixed at intervals between the two transverse braces and together form a frame structure closed in the horizontal direction; and an anti-collision pad, which is continuously arranged along the inner circumference of the frame structure and is fitly connected to its inner wall.

8. The construction method of the chain-type cutting and earth-breaking equipment that can be fixed on the caisson according to any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that: include: S1. Assemble one or more chain-type cutting and earth-breaking devices that can be fixed on the caisson; S2. Start the main cutting device, causing the chain to drive the rotating shaft of the cutting device to rotate. The protrusions on the chain and the reamer and cutting knife on the rotating shaft rotate around the rotating shaft from three height positions and cut the soil below the inclined surface of the caisson blade foot. Simultaneously, an external high-pressure water source sprays high-pressure air and water around the reamer through the water jet pipe, water jet channel, and water jet hole to assist in cutting the soil below the inclined surface of the caisson blade foot and remove soil particles. S3. Use mud suction equipment to discharge the soil particles flushed out by high-pressure air and water from the bottom of the caisson, so that the caisson sinks further.

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