A balance disk and a method for vibration data analysis and processing using the same

Abstract

The present invention discloses a balance disk and a method for vibration data analysis and processing using the same. The balance disk includes a zero-degree disk, a 90-degree disk, an arrow disk, and a chassis that are superposed on each other. The 90-degree disk is connected to the zero-degree disk and the chassis at a point, and the 90-degree disk can rotate relative to the zero-degree disk and the chassis around this point; the zero-degree disk and the chassis are relatively fixed; the zero-degree disk includes a zero-degree disk body, and a circular window is provided on one side of the zero-degree disk body; a fan-shaped structure equally divided around this point is provided in a circle around the connection point of the 90-degree disk and the zero-degree disk; the arrow disk is connected to the center of the circular window, and the arrow disk can rotate around the center of the circular window; the chassis includes a chassis body, and a measuring piece capable of covering the entire circular window is provided on the chassis body. Through the balance disk of the present invention, the problem of vibration reduction in dynamic balance without key phase and without phase can be effectively solved. There is no need to newly groove or arrange key phase signals and phase signals on the rotor, so as to quickly and conveniently reduce vibration.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to a balance disk and a method for analyzing and processing vibration data using the same, belonging to the technical field of vibration and commissioning in the metallurgical, petrochemical, and power industries. Background Art

[0002] Vibration is one of the more frequent faults in mechanical equipment. Maintenance personnel are often at a loss and very troubled because they have no professional testing instruments and professional engineers around. How to analyze and process vibration problems using a portable vibration meter carried with them when there is no expensive professional vibration instrument has become a pain point urgently needed to be solved in the industry. Summary of the Invention

[0003] The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is: how to analyze and process the vibration data of on-site mechanical equipment using a portable vibration meter carried with them when there is no professional vibration instrument.

[0004] To solve the above technical problem, the technical solution of the present invention is to provide a balance disk, which is characterized in that it includes a zero-degree disk, a 90-degree disk, an arrow disk, and a chassis that are superimposed on each other. The 90-degree disk is connected to the zero-degree disk and the chassis at one point, and the 90-degree disk can rotate relative to the zero-degree disk and the chassis around this point; the zero-degree disk and the chassis are relatively fixed to each other;

[0005] The zero-degree disk includes a zero-degree disk body. On one side of the zero-degree disk body, there is a circular window. On the circumference of the zero-degree disk body around the circular window, there are engraved or marked angular scales divided into 360 equal parts;

[0006] Around the connection point of the 90-degree disk and the zero-degree disk, there is a fan-shaped structure equally divided around this point, and the radii of each fan-shaped structure gradually increase in turn; each fan-shaped structure displays a data, and the difference between the data displayed by each fan-shaped structure is the same;

[0007] The connection point of the 90-degree disk and the zero-degree disk coincides with the point on the edge of the circular window at the 90-degree scale position;

[0008] The arrow disk is connected to the center of the circular window, and the arrow disk can rotate around the center of the circular window; the arrow disk includes an arrow rod. One end of the arrow rod is connected to the center of the arrow disk, and the other end of the arrow rod at least intersects with the circumference of the circular window; there are marks or notches of a pre-obtained ratio K on the arrow rod;

[0009] The chassis includes a chassis body. On the chassis body, there is a measuring piece that can cover the entire circular window. The point on the measuring piece corresponding to the 0-degree scale position on the circular window is the center of the circle, and arc-shaped structures are arranged layer by layer outward, and the radii gradually increase, and the difference in increase is the same as the difference between the data displayed by each fan-shaped structure;

[0010] The structures of the circular window, 90-degree scale, arrow scale, and measuring piece are all made of transparent materials.

[0011] Preferably, the other end of the arrow rod is located at the edge of the arrow scale.

[0012] Preferably, the arrow scale is the same size as the circular window.

[0013] Preferably, a notch is provided on one side edge of the zero-degree scale body; the outer edge of the 90-degree scale is provided outside the notch on the zero-degree scale.

[0014] Preferably, a first fixing hole is provided on the zero-degree scale body; a second fixing hole is provided on the chassis body, and the first fixing hole and the second fixing hole are fixedly connected together.

[0015] Preferably, the data displayed on the sector structure is an equal division of a data from 0 to 2; the difference between the data displayed on each sector structure is 0.1.

[0016] A method for vibration data analysis and processing using a balance disk, characterized by comprising the following steps:

[0017] Step 1: Establish a vibration measurement model:

[0018] According to the shaft drawing of the rotating machinery to be measured, establish a vibration measurement model of the rotating machinery;

[0019] Step 2: Measure the original vibration amplitude A0 of the vibration measurement model;

[0020] Step 3: Identify the shaft phase:

[0021] Utilize the characteristic that the circumference of all rotating machinery shafts is 360° in the circumferential direction, mark 360-degree equal divisions on the circumference of the shaft on the vibration measurement model, and display them equally on each balance plane;

[0022] Step 4: First trial weight addition:

[0023] According to the 360-degree markings obtained in Step 3, at the position marked as "0" degrees, add a balance weight with a weight of Q1 for the first trial weight addition, measure the vibration amplitude A1 after the first weight addition of the vibration measurement model, and record this value;

[0024] Step 5: Second trial weight addition:

[0025] According to the 360-degree markings obtained in Step 3, remove the balance weight at the position marked as "0" degrees; and at the position marked as "90" degrees, add a balance weight with a weight of Q1 for the second trial weight addition, measure the vibration amplitude A2 after the second weight addition of the vibration measurement model, and record this value;

[0026] Step 6: Calculate the dynamic balance value:

[0027] Based on the original vibration amplitude A0 obtained in Step 2, the vibration amplitude A1 obtained in Step 4, and the vibration amplitude A2 obtained in Step 5, calculate the ratio R1 of A1 / A0 and the ratio R2 of A2 / A0;

[0028] Step 7: Calculate the dynamic balance solution:

[0029] Based on the calculated ratio R1 of A1 / A0, find the arc corresponding to the ratio on the zero-degree disk; based on the calculated ratio R2 of A2 / A0, find the arc corresponding to the ratio on the 90-degree disk; and make the midpoint of the arc corresponding to the ratio R2 on the 90-degree disk intersect with the arc corresponding to the ratio R1 on the zero-degree disk to form an intersection point; and rotate the arrow disk so that the arrow on the arrow disk passes through the intersection point of the two arcs; record the angle of the arrow on the zero-degree disk at this time, denoted as φ; that is, the angle at which the vibration measurement model needs to add weight is φ;

[0030] Calculate the weight to be added: Check the ratio K at the intersection position of the arrow and the intersection point of the two arcs to obtain the weight Q to be added to the vibration measurement model s = K × Q1;

[0031] In summary, the angle at which the vibration measurement model needs to add weight is φ, and the weight Q to be added; s ; Obtain the dynamic balance result.

[0032] Preferably, the smooth, non-collision-damaged, and round surface on the upper surface of the vibration measurement model is used as the measurement surface.

[0033] The balance disk provided by the present invention has the characteristics of simple and easy-to-understand structure, convenient operation, and remarkable effect, and can help the majority of operation and maintenance personnel effectively handle equipment vibration problems. It can timely analyze, judge, and solve the vibration problems occurring on-site, without key phase signals and without amplitude-phase conversion, and can effectively perform amplitude measurement and balance quick calculation using a handheld vibration meter.

[0034] Through the balance disk of the present invention, the dynamic balance vibration reduction problem without key phase and without phase can be effectively solved. There is no need to newly groove or arrange key phase signals and phase signals on the rotor, thereby achieving fast and convenient vibration reduction.

[0035] The present invention relates to a field dynamic balancing method that does not require a key-phase sensor and vibration phase. It is universal, portable, and summarized and analyzed to manufacture a "balancing disk". The vibration data on-site can be analyzed through the "balancing disk", and dynamic balancing guidance can be given. It can reduce the shaft vibration and pedestal vibration of rotating machinery, reduce the vibration response, improve the operating state of the unit, and can be used for on-site dynamic balancing of rotating machinery such as high-speed motors, compressors, industrial turbines, and generators. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0036] Figure 1 FIG. is a schematic diagram of a balancing disk based on the two-circle method;

[0037] Figure 2 FIG. is a side schematic diagram of a balancing disk based on the two-circle method;

[0038] Figure 3 FIG. is a schematic diagram of a zero-degree disk;

[0039] Figure 4 FIG. is a schematic diagram of a 90-degree disk;

[0040] Figure 5 FIG. is a schematic diagram of an arrow disk;

[0041] Figure 6 FIG. is a schematic diagram of a chassis. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0042] To make the present invention more obvious and understandable, preferred embodiments are provided below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings for detailed description.

[0043] The present invention provides a balancing disk, which is based on the two-circle method. As Figures 1-6 shown, it includes a zero-degree disk 1, a 90-degree disk 2, an arrow disk 3, and a chassis 4. The 90-degree disk 2 is respectively connected to the zero-degree disk 1 and the chassis 4 at a point, and the 90-degree disk 2 can rotate relative to the zero-degree disk 1 and the chassis 4 around this point; the zero-degree disk 1 and the chassis 4 are relatively fixed to each other, that is, they cannot rotate relative to each other.

[0044] The zero-degree disk 1 includes a zero-degree disk body 11. On one side of the zero-degree disk body 11, there is a circular window 12 made of a transparent material. On the circumference of the zero-degree disk body 11 around the circular window 12, there are engraved or marked 360-degree equally divided angle scales. There is a notch 14 on one side edge of the zero-degree disk body 11. There is a first fixing hole 13 on the zero-degree disk body 11.

[0045] Around a point in the middle of the 90-degree disk 2, there is a fan-shaped structure equally divided along the circumference, and its radius gradually increases in turn; the data displayed on the fan-shaped structure is equally divided from 0 to 2, and the difference between the data displayed on each fan-shaped structure is 0.1 (that is, the radius difference between each stepped structure on the 90-degree disk is 0.1). The 90-degree disk 2 is made of a transparent material.

[0046] A central point on the 90-degree dial 2 coincides with the edge of the circular window 12 on the zero-degree dial 1 at the 90-degree scale position. This central point serves as the center of the circle (i.e., the connection point between the 90-degree dial 2, the zero-degree dial 1, and the chassis 4). The 90-degree dial 2 and the zero-degree dial 1 are connected at the center of the circle by a pin or rivet, allowing the 90-degree dial 2 to rotate relative to the zero-degree dial 1. The outer edge of the 90-degree dial 2 is located outside the notch 14 on the zero-degree dial 1.

[0047] The quiver tray 3 is the same size as the circular window 12 and is concentric with it. The center of the quiver tray 3 is connected to the center of the circular window 12 via a pin or rivet, allowing the quiver tray 3 to rotate relative to the circular window 12. The quiver tray 3 is provided with an arrow shaft 32, one end of which is connected to the center of the quiver tray 3 and the other end is located at the edge of the quiver tray 3. The arrow shaft 32 is marked or inscribed with a ratio K (the ratio K is marked in sequence from one end of the arrow shaft 32 to the other, 1, 1.5, 2.0, 3.0, 5.0, 8.0, and 10.0, respectively, based on a power-like proportional relationship derived from extensive experimental experience. The points indicating the respective ratios are evenly spaced on the arrow shaft 32). The quiver tray 3 is made of a transparent material.

[0048] The chassis 4 includes a chassis body 41, which is equipped with a transparent measuring plate 42 that covers the entire circular window 12. The point on the measuring plate 42 corresponding to the 0-degree scale position on the circular window 12 is the center of the circle. Arcs are marked outward layer by layer, with the radius gradually increasing. The difference in radius is the same as the difference between the data displayed in each sector structure, which is 0.1. The chassis body 41 is provided with a second fixing hole 43. The first fixing hole 13 and the second fixing hole 43 are fixed together by a pin or rivet. The chassis body 41 has a hole at the center of the 90-degree disk 2, which is connected to the center of the 90-degree disk 2 by a pin or rivet.

[0049] In this embodiment, the zero-degree disk 1, 90-degree disk 2, arrow tray 3, and chassis 4 are stacked in sequence from top to bottom. Each of these disks is a circular disk; the zero-degree disk 1 is a fragmented circular disk with a notch. The measuring piece 42 is the same size as the circular window 12. Another notch is provided on the edge of the zero-degree disk body 11 for rotating the arrow tray 3.

[0050] The present invention provides a method for analyzing and processing vibration data using a balancing plate, comprising the following steps:

[0051] Step 1: Build a vibration measurement model:

[0052] According to the shaft drawing of the rotating machinery to be tested, establish the vibration measurement model of the rotating machinery (usually on a smooth, non-bumped, and relatively round measuring surface);

[0053] Step 2: Use a handheld vibration meter to measure the original vibration amplitude A0 of the vibration measurement model;

[0054] Step 3: Identify the shaft phase:

[0055] Utilize the characteristic that all rotating machine shafts are 360° in the circumferential direction. Mark 360-degree equal divisions on the circumference of the shaft of the vibration measurement model of the rotating machine, and display the equal divisions on each balance plane (each balance plane depends on the design drawing of the rotating machine, and there will generally be markings on the design drawing);

[0056] Step 4: First trial weight addition:

[0057] According to the 360-degree markings obtained in Step 3, at the position marked "0" degrees (this 0-degree position is marked at any position on the shaft circumference of the vibration measurement model), add a balance weight Q1. Use a handheld vibration meter to measure the vibration amplitude A1 after the first weight addition to the vibration measurement model, and record this value;

[0058] Step 5: Second trial weight addition:

[0059] According to the 360-degree markings obtained in Step 3, remove the balance weight at the position marked "0" degrees; and at the position marked "90" degrees, add a balance weight for the second trial weight addition. The weight of the added balance weight remains unchanged, still Q1. Use a handheld vibration meter to measure the vibration amplitude A2 after the second weight addition to the vibration measurement model, and record this value;

[0060] Step 6: Calculate the dynamic balance value:

[0061] According to the original vibration amplitude A0 obtained in Step 2, the vibration amplitude A1 obtained in Step 4, and the vibration amplitude A2 obtained in Step 5, calculate the ratio R1 of A1 / A0, and calculate the ratio R2 of A2 / A0;

[0062] Step 7: Calculate the dynamic balance scheme:

[0063] According to the calculated ratio R1 of A1 / A0, find the corresponding arc on the static disk (i.e., the zero-degree disk 1); according to the calculated ratio R2 of A2 / A0, find the corresponding arc on the dynamic disk (i.e., the 90-degree disk 2); and make the midpoint of the arc corresponding to the ratio R2 on the dynamic disk (i.e., the 90-degree disk 2) intersect with the arc corresponding to the ratio R1 on the static disk (i.e., the zero-degree disk 1) to form an intersection point; and rotate the arrow disk 3 so that the arrow rod 32 passes through the intersection point of the two arcs; record the angle of the arrow rod 32 on the zero-degree disk 1 at this time, denoted as φ; that is, the angle at which the vibration measurement model needs to add weight is φ;

[0064] Calculate the weight to be added: Check the ratio K at the intersection position of the arrow rod 32 and the two arcs, and obtain the weight Q to be added for this vibration measurement model. s = K × Q1;

[0065] In summary, the angle at which the weight needs to be added for this vibration measurement model is φ, and the weight to be added is Q. s ; Obtain the dynamic balance result, that is, by adding a balance weight with a weight of Q at the φ angle position of the vibration measurement model of the rotating machinery. s The balance block can make the vibration measurement model reach balance when rotating, thereby eliminating vibration.

[0066] By using the method of the balance disk of the present invention, the corresponding angle and weight can be found, and a suitable dynamic balance scheme can be calculated without a key phase signal, without a phase sensor, and without an angle support, so as to quickly detect and eliminate vibration, and thus achieve the result of safe operation of the unit.

[0067] In addition, the structure of the balance disk of the present invention is simple and portable, the calculation process is convenient, it is easy to use, and there is no need to additionally install a key phase sensor, which greatly reduces the engineering difficulty on site.

Claims

1. A balance disk, characterized in that, It includes a zero-degree disk (1), a 90-degree disk (2), an arrow disk (3), and a chassis (4) that are superposed on each other. The 90-degree disk (2) is respectively connected to the zero-degree disk (1) and the chassis (4) at a point, and the 90-degree disk (2) can rotate relative to the zero-degree disk (1) and the chassis (4) around this point; the zero-degree disk (1) is relatively fixed with respect to the chassis (4); The zero-degree disk (1) includes a zero-degree disk body (11). On one side of the zero-degree disk body (11), there is a circular window (12). On the circumference of the zero-degree disk body (11) around the circular window (12), there are engraved or marked angular scales equally divided into 360 degrees; Around the connection point of the 90-degree disk (2) and the zero-degree disk (1), there is a fan-shaped structure equally divided around this point, and the radii of each fan-shaped structure gradually increase in turn; a data is respectively displayed on each fan-shaped structure, and the difference between the data displayed on each fan-shaped structure is the same; The connection point of the 90-degree disk (2) and the zero-degree disk (1) coincides with the point on the edge of the circular window (12) at the 90-degree scale position; The arrow disk (3) is connected to the center of the circular window (12), and the arrow disk (3) can rotate around the center of the circular window (12); the arrow disk (3) includes an arrow rod (32). One end of the arrow rod (32) is connected to the center of the arrow disk (3), and the other end of the arrow rod (32) at least intersects with the circumference of the circular window (12); there are marks or notches of a pre-obtained ratio K on the arrow rod (32); The chassis (4) includes a chassis body (41). On the chassis body (41), there is a measuring piece (42) that can cover the entire circular window (12). Taking the point on the measuring piece (42) corresponding to the 0-degree scale position on the circular window (12) as the center, arc-shaped structures are arranged layer by layer outward, and the radii gradually increase, and the difference in increase is the same as the difference between the data displayed on each fan-shaped structure; The circular window (12), the 90-degree disk (2), the arrow disk (3), and the measuring piece (42) are all structures made of transparent materials.

2. The balancing disc according to claim 1, wherein The other end of the arrow rod (32) is located at the edge of the arrow disk (3).

3. A balancing disk according to claim 1, wherein The arrow disk (3) is the same size as the circular window (12).

4. A balance disk according to claim 1, characterized in that, On one side edge of the zero-degree disk body (11), there is a notch (14); the outer edge of the 90-degree disk (2) is arranged outside the notch (14) on the zero-degree disk (1).

5. A balancing disc as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that, On the zero-degree disk body (11), there is a first fixing hole (13); on the chassis body (41), there is a second fixing hole (43), and the first fixing hole (13) and the second fixing hole (43) are fixedly connected together.

6. A balancing disc according to claim 1, characterized in that, The data displayed on the fan-shaped structure is an equal division of a data from 0 to 2; the difference between the data displayed on each fan-shaped structure is 0.

1.

7. A method for vibration data analysis and processing using a balance disk as described in any one of claims 1-6, characterized in that, It includes the following steps: Step 1: Establish a vibration measurement model: According to the shaft drawing of the rotating machinery to be measured, establish a vibration measurement model of the rotating machinery; Step 2: Measure the original vibration amplitude A0 of the vibration measurement model; Step 3: Identify the shaft phase: Utilize the characteristic that all rotating machinery shafts are 360° in the circumferential direction. Mark 360-degree equal divisions on the circumference of the shaft on the vibration measurement model and display them equally divided on each balance plane respectively; Step 4: First trial weight addition According to the 360-degree identification obtained in Step 3, at the position marked as "0" degrees, add a balance weight with a weight of Q1 for the first trial weight addition. Measure the vibration amplitude A1 after the first weight addition of the vibration measurement model and record this value; Step 5: Second trial weight addition According to the 360-degree identification obtained in Step 3, remove the balance weight at the position marked as "0" degrees; and at the position marked as "90" degrees, add a balance weight with a weight of Q1 for the second trial weight addition. Measure the vibration amplitude A2 after the second weight addition of the vibration measurement model and record this value; Step 6: Calculate the dynamic balance value Based on the original vibration amplitude A0 obtained in Step 2, the vibration amplitude A1 obtained in Step 4, and the vibration amplitude A2 obtained in Step 5, calculate the ratio R1 of A1 / A0 and calculate the ratio R2 of A2 / A0; Step 7: Calculate the dynamic balance solution According to the calculated ratio R1 of A1 / A0, find the corresponding arc of the ratio on the zero-degree disk (1); according to the calculated ratio R2 of A2 / A0, find the corresponding arc of the ratio on the 90-degree disk (2); and make the midpoint of the arc corresponding to the ratio R2 on the 90-degree disk (2) intersect with the arc corresponding to the ratio R1 on the zero-degree disk (1) to form an intersection point; and rotate the arrow disk (3) so that the arrow rod (32) on the arrow disk (3) passes through the intersection point of the two arcs; Record the angle of the arrow rod (32) on the zero-degree disk (1) at this time, denoted as φ; that is, the angle at which the vibration measurement model needs to add weight is φ; Calculate the weight to be added: Check the ratio K at the intersection position of the two arcs on the arrow shaft (32) to obtain the weight Q to be added for this vibration measurement model s = K × Q1; In summary, the angle φ is required for the vibration measurement model to add weight, and the weight Q to be added s ; the dynamic balance result is obtained.

8. A method for vibration data analysis and processing using a balance disk as claimed in claim 7, characterized in that Take the smooth, non-collision-damaged, and round surface on the upper surface of the vibration measurement model as the measurement surface.

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