High voltage electrical system of fuel cell vehicle, power-on control method and vehicle

Abstract

The present application discloses a high-voltage electrical system, a power-on control method and a vehicle of a fuel cell vehicle, wherein the high-voltage electrical system of the fuel cell vehicle includes: a power battery distribution box, including: a pre-charge control module, a first main positive relay and a main negative relay; a fuel cell DC / DC converter, including: a boost circuit and a second main positive relay, the positive electrode of the boost circuit is connected to the positive side of the power battery distribution box through the second main positive relay, and the negative electrode of the boost circuit is connected to the negative side of the power battery distribution box. The high-voltage electrical system of the fuel cell vehicle of the present application has the advantages of simple structure and few components, thereby reducing the occupied volume, reducing vehicle redundancy, and improving the reliability of the vehicle.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present application relates to the field of new energy vehicles, and in particular to a high-voltage electrical system, a power-on control method and a vehicle of a fuel cell vehicle. Background Art

[0002] In recent years, traditional petroleum energy has long been unable to meet the power needs of the current automotive industry, and new energy vehicles such as fuel cell vehicles have developed accordingly.

[0003] Fuel cell vehicles usually require a pre-charge circuit structure to prevent the load from burning out due to pulses during the high-voltage process of the vehicle. Figure 4 As shown, in the high-voltage electrical system of a fuel cell vehicle in the prior art, during the high-voltage process, the power battery distribution box first controls the first pre-charging module, namely the pre-charging capacitor C1, to pre-charge, and when the pre-charging of the first pre-charging module is completed, the fuel cell startup instruction is sent according to the current vehicle state, and then the fuel cell DC / DC converter is controlled to act to pre-charge the second pre-charging module, namely the pre-charging capacitor C2, and when the pre-charging of the second pre-charging module is completed, it is loaded according to the power demand of the whole vehicle, and the whole vehicle enters the hybrid mode. The power-on process requires two pre-charging actions. Therefore, the power-on process is complicated, and the number of components in the high-voltage electrical system is large, so the cost, space occupied and failure rate are relatively high. Summary of the invention

[0004] Based on this, it is necessary to solve the above technical problems. In a first aspect, the present invention provides a high-voltage electrical system for a fuel cell vehicle, comprising:

[0005] The power battery distribution box includes: a pre-charge control module, a first main positive relay and a main negative relay;

[0006] A fuel cell DC / DC converter comprises: a boost circuit and a second main positive relay, wherein the positive electrode of the boost circuit is connected to the positive electrode side of the power battery distribution box through the second main positive relay, and the negative electrode of the boost circuit is connected to the negative electrode side of the power battery distribution box.

[0007] When the high-voltage electrical system of the fuel cell vehicle is powered on, the pre-charging control module, the main negative relay and the second main positive relay are closed to pre-charge the first pre-charging module of the vehicle motor controller and the second pre-charging module of the fuel cell high-voltage accessory, and when the voltage on the positive and negative sides of the power battery distribution box reaches a preset value, the first main positive relay is closed and the pre-charging control module is disconnected.

[0008] According to the high-voltage electrical system of the fuel cell vehicle according to the embodiment of the present invention, by reducing a group of pre-filling modules and adopting a group of pre-filling control modules for control, it has the advantages of simple structure and fewer components, thereby reducing the occupied volume, reducing vehicle redundancy, and improving vehicle reliability.

[0009] Furthermore, it also includes: a voltage sensor for detecting the voltage on the positive side and the negative side of the power battery distribution box.

[0010] Specifically, the preset value is smaller than the terminal voltage of the power battery.

[0011] In some embodiments, after the high-voltage electrical system of the fuel cell vehicle is powered on: the fuel cell vehicle enters a hybrid mode according to a fuel cell start signal.

[0012] Furthermore, the boost circuit includes a BOOST boost circuit.

[0013] The second aspect of the present application further provides a power-on control method for a fuel cell vehicle, wherein the fuel cell vehicle includes a high-voltage electrical system of the fuel cell vehicle, and the power-on control method includes:

[0014] Receive a power-on signal;

[0015] Close the pre-charging control module, the main negative relay and the second main positive relay to pre-charge the first pre-charging module of the vehicle motor controller and the second pre-charging module of the fuel cell high-voltage accessory;

[0016] When the voltages on the positive and negative sides of the power battery distribution box reach preset values, the first main positive relay is closed and the pre-charging control module is disconnected.

[0017] According to the power-on control method for a fuel cell vehicle provided by an embodiment of the present invention, the first pre-charging module and the second pre-charging module are pre-charged at the same time by powering on once. This method simplifies the power-on process of the high-voltage electrical system, and the power-on process is simple and convenient.

[0018] In some embodiments, the preset value is less than the terminal voltage of the power battery.

[0019] Furthermore, when the voltages on the positive and negative sides of the power battery distribution box reach a preset value, after the first main positive relay is closed and the pre-charge control module is disconnected, the method further includes:

[0020] receiving a fuel cell start-up signal;

[0021] The fuel cell vehicle is controlled to enter a hybrid power mode.

[0022] The embodiment of the present application also provides a fuel cell vehicle, comprising: a high voltage electrical system of a fuel cell vehicle according to the embodiment of the first aspect described above. The fuel cell vehicle is controlled by a set of pre-charging control modules, which has the advantages of simple structure and few components, thereby reducing the occupied volume, reducing vehicle redundancy, and improving the reliability of the vehicle. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0023] Figure 1 is a structural block diagram of a high voltage electrical system of a fuel cell vehicle in one embodiment;

[0024] Figure 2 An electrical architecture diagram of a high voltage electrical system of a fuel cell vehicle in one embodiment;

[0025] Figure 3 A schematic flow chart of a power-on control method for a fuel cell vehicle in one embodiment;

[0026] Figure 4 The electrical architecture diagram of the high-voltage electrical system of a fuel cell vehicle according to the prior art. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0027] The present application is further described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It is to be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are only used to explain the relevant invention, rather than to limit the invention. It is also necessary to explain that, for ease of description, only the parts related to the invention are shown in the accompanying drawings.

[0028] It should be noted that, in the absence of conflict, the embodiments and features in the embodiments of the present application can be combined with each other. Figure 1-4 The present application is described in detail with reference to embodiments.

[0029] Since the fuel cell system needs to be equipped with a separate pre-charging circuit inside to protect the internal load, in the prior art, such as Figure 4 The fuel cell vehicle shown uses two sets of pre-charging circuits, which will make the whole vehicle functionally redundant, the software process more complicated, and the failure rate higher, and there are many shortcomings.

[0030] refer to Figure 1 The present application proposes a high-voltage electrical system for a fuel cell vehicle, including: a power battery distribution box 210 and a fuel cell DC / DC converter 220 .

[0031] The power battery distribution box 210 includes: a pre-charge control module, a first main positive relay and a main negative relay;

[0032] The fuel cell DC / DC converter 220 includes: a boost circuit and a second main positive relay, wherein the positive electrode of the boost circuit is connected to the positive electrode side of the power battery distribution box 210 through the second main positive relay, and the negative electrode of the boost circuit is connected to the negative electrode side of the power battery distribution box 210;

[0033] When the high-voltage electrical system of the fuel cell vehicle is powered on, the pre-charging control module, the main negative relay and the second main positive relay are closed to pre-charge the first pre-charging module of the vehicle motor controller and the second pre-charging module of the fuel cell high-voltage accessory, and when the voltage on the positive and negative sides of the power battery distribution box reaches a preset value, the first main positive relay is closed and the pre-charging control module is disconnected.

[0034] Specifically, the electrical architecture diagram is as follows Figure 2 As shown, the vehicle includes two major parts: a power battery distribution box 210 and a fuel cell DC / DC converter 220. The electrical system is used to control the high voltage power-up of the vehicle battery. The power battery distribution box 210 includes a pre-charge control module, a first main positive electrical appliance, and a first main negative relay. The fuel cell DC / DC converter 220 includes a boost circuit and a second main positive electrical appliance. The power battery distribution box 210 is connected to the fuel cell DC / DC converter 220, and the main positive relay is arranged between the positive pole of the boost circuit and the pre-charge control module.

[0035] When the power-on signal can be that the vehicle brake pedal has stepped on a preset threshold, or the vehicle key has been rotated to a preset gear position, the preset gear position can be the start gear position. The fuel cell DC / DC converter 220 is also connected to the second pre-charge capacitor (i.e., the second pre-charge module) of the fuel cell high-voltage accessory. The first pre-charge module of the vehicle electromechanical controller is also arranged between the power battery distribution box 210 and the fuel cell DC / DC converter 220. When the power-on signal is received, the relay, the first main positive relay and the main negative relay of the pre-charge control module in the power battery distribution box are closed, and the first pre-charge module of the vehicle motor controller and the second pre-charge module of the fuel cell high-voltage accessory are started to be pre-charged. For example, after receiving the power-on signal, the relay, the first main positive relay and the main negative relay of the pre-charge control module are closed, and at this time, the first pre-charge capacitor (i.e., the first pre-charge module) of the vehicle motor controller and the second pre-charge capacitor (i.e., the second pre-charge module) of the fuel cell high-voltage accessory begin to charge. When the voltage is two-thirds of the voltage of the vehicle power battery terminal, the first main positive relay of the power battery distribution box 210 is closed and the relay of the pre-charge control module is disconnected. The use of this system has a simpler electrical structure and reduces vehicle system redundancy, thereby reducing vehicle failure rate and improving vehicle reliability.

[0036] In some embodiments, it also includes: a voltage sensor for detecting the voltage on the positive side and the negative side of the power battery distribution box.

[0037] Specifically, the voltage sensor is used to detect the voltage directly on the positive and negative sides of the power battery distribution box 210 to monitor the voltage value and perform preset operations for the preset voltage value. For example, when the voltage is two-thirds of the vehicle power battery terminal voltage, the first main positive relay of the power battery distribution box 210 is closed and the relay of the pre-charge control module is disconnected to prevent the voltage from being too high to ensure system safety.

[0038] In some embodiments, the preset value is less than the terminal voltage of the power battery.

[0039] Specifically, the voltage between the positive electrode and the negative electrode detected by the power battery distribution box 210 needs to be lower than the voltage of the power battery to ensure the safety of the battery.

[0040] In some embodiments, after the high-voltage electrical system of the fuel cell vehicle is powered on: the fuel cell vehicle enters a hybrid mode according to a fuel cell start signal.

[0041] Specifically, when the positive and negative electrodes of the power battery distribution box 210 reach a preset threshold, the vehicle VCU (vehicle controller) sends a signal to start the fuel cell, and the vehicle enters the hybrid mode to improve energy efficiency.

[0042] In some embodiments, the voltage boost circuit comprises a BOOST voltage boost circuit.

[0043] Specifically, the boost circuit can make the output voltage higher than the input voltage to meet various voltage requirements. The BOOST boost power supply is a switching power supply that uses the time ratio of the switch tube to maintain a stable output. It is widely used in electronic equipment in various industries due to its small size, light weight and high efficiency. It is an indispensable power supply architecture. The specific form of the boost circuit is not limited here.

[0044] In summary, the high-voltage electrical system of the fuel cell vehicle provided in the embodiment of the present application is provided with a power battery box and a fuel cell DC / DC converter. By reducing the number of pre-charging circuits inside the fuel cell DC / DC converter, the volume of the fuel cell DC / DC converter is reduced, thereby reducing vehicle redundancy and improving overall stability.

[0045] Please refer to Figure 3The present application also provides a method for powering on a high-voltage electrical system of a fuel cell vehicle. The high-voltage electrical system of the fuel cell vehicle includes a power battery distribution box and a fuel cell DC / DC converter. The power battery distribution box includes a pre-charge control module, a first main positive relay and a main negative relay. The fuel cell DC / DC converter includes a boost circuit and a second main positive relay. The positive electrode of the boost circuit is connected to the positive electrode side of the power battery distribution box through the second main positive relay, and the negative electrode of the boost circuit is connected to the negative electrode side of the power battery distribution box. The power-on method includes:

[0046] S101, receiving a power-on signal.

[0047] Specifically, the electrical architecture diagram is as follows Figure 2 As shown, it includes a power battery distribution box part and a fuel cell DC / DC converter part. The power battery distribution box includes a pre-charge control module, a first main positive electrical appliance and a first main negative relay. The fuel cell DC / DC converter part includes a boost circuit and a second main positive electrical appliance. The power battery distribution box is connected to the fuel cell DC / DC converter, and the main positive relay is arranged between the positive pole of the boost circuit and the pre-charge control module. For example, the power-on signal can be that the vehicle brake pedal reaches a preset threshold, or the vehicle key is rotated to a preset gear position, and the preset gear position can be the start gear position.

[0048] S102, closing the pre-charging control module, the main negative relay and the second main positive relay to pre-charge the first pre-charging module of the vehicle motor controller and the second pre-charging module of the fuel cell high-voltage accessory.

[0049] Specifically, the fuel cell DC / DC converter is also connected to the second pre-charging capacitor (i.e., the second pre-charging module) of the fuel cell high-voltage accessory. The first pre-charging module of the vehicle electromechanical controller is also arranged between the power battery distribution box and the fuel cell DC / DC converter. When the power-on signal is received, the pre-charging control module, the first main positive relay and the main negative relay are closed to start pre-charging the first pre-charging module of the vehicle motor controller and the second pre-charging module of the fuel cell high-voltage accessory. For example, after receiving the power-on signal, the relays, the first main positive relay and the main negative relay of the pre-charging control module in the power battery distribution box are closed. At this time, the first pre-charging capacitor (i.e., the first pre-charging module) of the vehicle motor controller and the second pre-charging capacitor (i.e., the second pre-charging module) of the fuel cell high-voltage accessory begin to charge.

[0050] S103, when the voltages on the positive and negative sides of the power battery distribution box reach preset values, the first main positive relay is closed and the pre-charging control module is disconnected.

[0051] Specifically, for example, the voltage directly between the positive and negative sides of the power battery distribution box is detected. When the voltage is two-thirds of the voltage at the vehicle power battery terminal, the first main positive relay of the power battery distribution box is closed and the relay of the pre-charging control module is disconnected.

[0052] In some embodiments, the preset value is less than the terminal voltage of the power battery.

[0053] Specifically, the voltage between the positive and negative electrodes detected by the power battery distribution box needs to be lower than the voltage of the power battery to ensure the safety of the battery.

[0054] In some embodiments, when the voltages on the positive and negative sides of the power battery distribution box reach a preset value, after closing the first main positive relay and disconnecting the pre-charge control module, the method further includes:

[0055] receiving a fuel cell start-up signal;

[0056] The fuel cell vehicle is controlled to enter a hybrid power mode.

[0057] Specifically, for example, when the positive and negative poles of the power battery distribution box reach the preset threshold, the vehicle VCU (vehicle controller) sends a signal to start the fuel cell. At this time, the vehicle enters the hybrid mode to improve energy utilization efficiency.

[0058] In summary, the power-on control method for a fuel cell vehicle provided in the embodiment of the present application pre-charges the first pre-charging module and the second pre-charging module by powering on once. Compared with the prior art in which the first pre-charging module and the second pre-charging module are powered on twice respectively, this method simplifies the power-on process of the high-voltage electrical system, and the power-on process is simple and convenient.

[0059] The present application also proposes a fuel cell vehicle, which adopts a high-voltage electrical system of a fuel cell vehicle.

[0060] For the specific definition of a fuel cell vehicle, please refer to the definition of a high-voltage electrical system of a fuel cell vehicle mentioned above, which will not be repeated here.

[0061] Through the description of the above implementations, those skilled in the art can easily understand that the example implementations described here can be implemented by software, or by combining software with necessary hardware.

[0062] Those skilled in the art should understand that the scope of disclosure involved in this application is not limited to the technical solutions formed by a specific combination of the above technical features, but should also cover other technical solutions formed by any combination of the above technical features or their equivalent features without departing from the aforementioned disclosed concept. For example, the above features are replaced with (but not limited to) technical features with similar functions disclosed in this application.

[0063] It should be understood that the orientation or position relationship indicated by terms such as "length", "width", "up", "down", "front", "back", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inside" and "outside" are based on the orientation or position relationship shown in the drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operate in a specific orientation, and therefore cannot be understood as a limitation on the present invention.

[0064] In addition, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be understood as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of the indicated technical features. Therefore, the features defined as "first" and "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of the features. In the description of the present invention, the meaning of "plurality" is two or more, unless otherwise clearly and specifically defined.

[0065] Unless otherwise defined, the technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as those generally understood by those skilled in the art in the technical field of the present invention. The terms used herein are only for describing specific implementation purposes and are not intended to limit the present invention. Terms such as "setting" and the like appearing in this article can mean that one component is directly attached to another component, or that one component is attached to another component through an intermediate. Features described in this article in one embodiment may be applied to another embodiment alone or in combination with other features, unless the feature is not applicable in the other embodiment or otherwise specified.

[0066] The present invention has been described through the above-mentioned embodiments, but it should be understood that the above-mentioned embodiments are only for the purpose of example and illustration, and are not intended to limit the present invention to the described embodiments. It can be understood by those skilled in the art that more variations and modifications can be made according to the teachings of the present invention, and these variations and modifications all fall within the scope of the protection claimed by the present invention.

Claims

1. A high voltage electrical system for a fuel cell vehicle, characterized in that: include: The power battery distribution box includes: a pre-charge control module, a first main positive relay and a main negative relay; A fuel cell DC / DC converter, comprising: a boost circuit and a second main positive relay, wherein the positive electrode of the boost circuit is connected to the positive electrode side of the power battery distribution box through the second main positive relay, and the negative electrode of the boost circuit is connected to the negative electrode side of the power battery distribution box; When the high-voltage electrical system of the fuel cell vehicle is powered on, the pre-charging control module, the main negative relay and the second main positive relay are closed to pre-charge the first pre-charging module of the vehicle motor controller and the second pre-charging module of the fuel cell high-voltage accessory, and when the voltages on the positive and negative sides of the power battery distribution box reach preset values, the first main positive relay is closed and the pre-charging control module is disconnected, wherein, after the high-voltage electrical system of the fuel cell vehicle is powered on: a fuel cell start signal is obtained, and after obtaining the fuel cell start signal, the fuel cell vehicle enters a hybrid power mode according to the fuel cell start signal.

2. The high voltage electrical system of a fuel cell vehicle according to claim 1, characterized in that: Also includes: The voltage sensor is used to detect the voltage on the positive and negative sides of the power battery distribution box.

3. The high voltage electrical system of a fuel cell vehicle according to claim 1, characterized in that: The preset value is smaller than the terminal voltage of the power battery.

4. The high voltage electrical system of a fuel cell vehicle according to claim 1, characterized in that: The boost circuit includes a BOOST boost circuit.

5. A power-on control method for a fuel cell vehicle, characterized in that: The fuel cell vehicle comprises a high-voltage electrical system of a fuel cell vehicle according to any one of claims 1 to 4, and the power-on control method comprises: Receive a power-on signal; Close the pre-charging control module, the main negative relay and the second main positive relay to pre-charge the first pre-charging module of the vehicle motor controller and the second pre-charging module of the fuel cell high-voltage accessory; When the voltages on the positive and negative sides of the power battery distribution box reach preset values, the first main positive relay is closed and the pre-charging control module is disconnected.

6. The power-on control method of a fuel cell vehicle according to claim 5, characterized in that: The preset value is smaller than the terminal voltage of the power battery.

7. The power-on control method of a fuel cell vehicle according to claim 5 or 6, characterized in that: After the first main positive relay is closed and the pre-charge control module is disconnected when the voltages on the positive and negative sides of the power battery distribution box reach a preset value, the method further includes: receiving a fuel cell start-up signal; The fuel cell vehicle is controlled to enter a hybrid power mode.

8. A fuel cell vehicle, characterized in that: include: A high voltage electrical system for a fuel cell vehicle according to any one of claims 1 to 4.

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