Mine earthquake comprehensive monitoring system and method for estimating mine earthquake damage range

Abstract

The present application relates to a kind of mine shock comprehensive monitoring system and its method for estimating the damage range of mine shock.The existing mine microseismic monitoring system all uses single frequency band detector, and the accuracy is not high.Therefore, the mine shock comprehensive monitoring system includes ground monitoring computer and multiple detectors, the detector includes multiple high-frequency detectors, multiple low-frequency detectors and multiple medium-high frequency detectors, the high-frequency detectors are uniformly arranged in the tunneling roadway;Low-frequency detector is uniformly arranged in the mine roadway everywhere;Medium-high frequency detector is uniformly arranged in the track lane and belt lane of the stoping working face.The mine shock comprehensive monitoring system of the present application scientifically selects different mine shock sensors for different underground environments, fully develops the characteristics and advantages of different frequency band detectors, and at the same time, the data sensed by multiple detectors are collected to the same ground monitoring computer, which is convenient for data comparison and comprehensive judgment of mine shock damage.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to a mine earthquake comprehensive monitoring system and a method for estimating a mine earthquake damage range thereof. BACKGROUND

[0002] Different degrees of mine earthquakes accompanied by the mining process can not only induce underground rock burst, but also cause strong seismic sensation on the ground and building damage, which brings extreme panic to nearby residents. Therefore, it is necessary to continuously strengthen the monitoring of mine earthquakes during the mining process, expand the monitoring area, increase the monitoring vibration frequency band, and evaluate the impact range of strong mine earthquakes or rock burst on ground buildings (structures) to provide early warning.

[0003] The mine earthquake monitoring technology mainly collects the vibration signals generated during the coal and rock mass rupture process through geophones, analyzes and processes the spatial position and energy level of the seismic source, and judges the potential dynamic disasters that may be caused by mine earthquakes on the ground buildings (structures) according to the strength and frequency of the mine earthquake event, so as to provide early warning. However, the existing mine earthquake monitoring systems, such as the ground sound monitoring system and the microseismic monitoring system, have single frequency band of geophones, and the collected data is only processed in a single system without joint analysis, which has small coverage, low monitoring accuracy, and cannot timely and effectively evaluate the vibration damage that the ground may suffer. For example, the patent "Mine microseismic monitoring method" (Publication No. CN105785436A) improves the monitoring capacity by dynamically adjusting the geophone position or increasing the installation mode of the geophone, but does not consider the frequency band of the geophone and only uses a single monitoring system. The patent "Mine microseismic monitoring system" (Publication No. CN110454229A) changes the type of sensors for microseismic monitoring, which is still a single monitoring system and does not involve the frequency band of the geophone. The patent "Up-and-down combined microseismic monitoring system and method" (Publication No. CN110703320A) improves the positioning accuracy by increasing the uphole microseismic monitoring system, and performs joint analysis of the double systems, but does not consider the frequency band of the geophone. SUMMARY

[0004] The technical problem to be solved by the present application is to fill the above-mentioned gaps in the prior art and provide a mine earthquake comprehensive monitoring system and a method for estimating a mine earthquake damage range thereof.

[0005] In order to solve the above technical problems, the mine earthquake comprehensive monitoring system comprises a ground monitoring computer and a plurality of detectors, the detectors are arranged in the tunneling roadway, the mine main roadway, the track roadway and the belt roadway of the mining face of the mine respectively, and are connected with the ground monitoring computer through a ring network switch and an optical fiber, characterized in that: the detectors comprise a plurality of high-frequency detectors, a plurality of middle-low frequency detectors and a plurality of middle-high frequency detectors, the high-frequency detectors are uniformly arranged in the tunneling roadway and are connected with a ground sound monitoring substation, and are connected with the ring network switch through the ground sound monitoring substation, and the high-frequency detectors and the ground sound monitoring substation form a ground sound monitoring subsystem.

[0006] The middle-low frequency detectors are uniformly arranged at various positions of the mine main roadway and are provided with a main roadway microseismic monitoring substation and a main roadway microseismic monitoring main station, are connected with the ring network switch through the main roadway microseismic monitoring substation and the main roadway microseismic monitoring main station, and the middle-low frequency detectors, the main roadway microseismic monitoring substation and the main roadway microseismic monitoring main station form a main roadway microseismic monitoring subsystem.

[0007] The middle-high frequency detectors are uniformly arranged in the track roadway and the belt roadway of the mining face and are connected with a microseismic monitoring substation, and are connected with the ring network switch through the microseismic monitoring substation, and the middle-high frequency detectors and the microseismic monitoring substation form a mining face microseismic monitoring subsystem.

[0008] The inventor finds through long-term research and practice that: the tunneling roadway is surrounded by solid coal seams, which is beneficial to high-frequency ground sound transmission, so the high-frequency detector is more sensitive and accurate; the mine main roadway is far away from the goaf and the mine earthquake source, only the middle-low frequency and large-energy mine earthquake signals can be monitored, so the middle-low frequency detector is more sensitive; the track roadway and the belt roadway of the mining face are adjacent to the goaf and the mine earthquake source, so the middle-high frequency detector is more suitable.

[0009] In this way, the different mine earthquake sensors are selected for different underground environments, the characteristics and advantages of the detectors of different frequency bands are fully utilized, and the data sensed by the multiple detectors are collected on the same ground monitoring computer, so that the data comparison and comprehensive judgment of the mine earthquake damage are facilitated.

[0010] As an optimization, a plurality of multi-frequency detectors are arranged on the ground of the mine, the multi-frequency detectors are connected with the ground monitoring computer, and form a ground microseismic monitoring subsystem.

[0011] As optimization, the multi-frequency detector comprises a plurality of different frequency band detectors, which are respectively buried in the ground holes arranged in the whole mining range of the mine at different depths. In this way, all vibration events in the mining process of the mine can be monitored.

[0012] As optimization, the high-frequency detector is composed of a high-frequency detector with a frequency band of 60-2000Hz. In this way, high-frequency and low-energy vibration events can be continuously monitored, and the monitoring data can be transmitted to the ground sound monitoring substation.

[0013] As optimization, the low-frequency detector is composed of a low-frequency detector with a frequency band of 0.1-150Hz. In this way, low-frequency and high-energy vibration events transmitted to the mine roadway can be monitored, and the monitoring data can be transmitted to the mine roadway microseismic monitoring subsystem.

[0014] As optimization, the high-frequency detector is composed of a high-frequency detector with a frequency band of 4.5-800Hz. In this way, the middle and high frequency and energy vibration events can be continuously monitored, and the monitoring data can be transmitted to the mining face microseismic monitoring subsystem.

[0015] As optimization, the ground sound monitoring subsystem, the mine roadway microseismic monitoring subsystem, the mining face microseismic monitoring subsystem and the ground microseismic monitoring subsystem are provided with time synchronization devices and have the same clock. In this way, the mine shock data sensed by the ground sound monitoring subsystem, the mine roadway microseismic monitoring subsystem, the mining face microseismic monitoring subsystem and the ground microseismic monitoring subsystem can be compared by the ground monitoring computer, and the mine shock damage can be comprehensively judged.

[0016] The method for estimating the mine shock damage range by using the aforementioned mine shock comprehensive monitoring system monitoring data comprises the following steps:

[0017] ①. Select the monitoring data of a large energy mine shock monitored by the aforementioned mine shock comprehensive monitoring system, and calculate the longitude and latitude coordinates and the focal depth of the mine shock according to the normal method;

[0018] ②. According to the following formula, the radius range of the ground vibration damage boundary is estimated:

[0019]

[0020] In the formula, η is a seismic wave energy conversion coefficient, and is 0-1; ρ is the average density of a ground particle unit, in kg / m3; vm is the safe or limit vibration speed of the ground particle unit, in mm / s; U is the elastic energy released by the breaking of a key layer monitored in the ground monitoring server, in J; λ is an attenuation coefficient related to the medium of the ground layer; h1 is the thickness of the key layer, in m; h2 is the distance of the key layer from the ground, in m, and when the mine earthquake has no seismic effect on the ground building (structure), vm < 5 mm / s; when the mine earthquake has seismic effect on the ground building (structure), 5 mm / s ≤ vm < 30 mm / s; and when the mine earthquake causes damage to the ground building (structure), vm ≥ 30 mm / s, the obtained S value is the radius of the ground vibration damage boundary, in m.

[0021] In this way, the ground vibration damage boundary of the mine earthquake that has occurred can be conveniently calculated, and the ground vibration damage boundary of a larger mine earthquake that may occur in the future can be calculated, thereby guiding the ground to be prevented in advance.

[0022] The present application connects multiple sets of monitoring systems composed of different frequency detectors to the same ground monitoring server to realize wide-area wide-frequency mine earthquake monitoring in the whole mining area, can overcome the limitation problem of arranging fixed-frequency detectors in a local area for mine earthquake monitoring, improve the monitoring accuracy of mine earthquake events in different areas of the mine, accurately evaluate the vibration influence range of the mine earthquake on the ground, and meet the demand of monitoring mine earthquake occurrence in the mine.

[0023] The present application scientifically selects different mine earthquake sensors for different underground environments, fully develops the characteristics and advantages of different frequency detectors, and simultaneously collects the data sensed by multiple detectors to the same ground monitoring computer, so that the data can be compared and the mine earthquake damage can be comprehensively judged. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0024] The present application will be further described below in combination with the drawings:

[0025] Fig. 1 It is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the present application mine earthquake comprehensive monitoring system.

[0026] Fig. 2 It is a schematic diagram of the cross-sectional structure of the local stratum cut along the longitudinal vertical plane of the mining face.

[0027] In the diagram: 1—Ground monitoring computer; 2—Tunneling roadway; 3—Main mine roadway; 4—Working face; 5—High-frequency geophone; 6—Medium-low frequency geophone; 7—Medium-high frequency geophone; 8—Ground sound monitoring substation; 9—Main roadway microseismic monitoring substation; 10—Main roadway microseismic monitoring main station; 11—Microseismic monitoring substation; 12—Multi-frequency geophone; 13—Surface; 14—Ring network / fiber optic cable; 15—Vibration damage boundary; 16—Vibration-sensible boundary; 17—No-vibration-sensible boundary; 18—Key layer; 19—Coal seam; 20—Goaf.

[0028] O—source; P—epicenter; S—radius of ground motion damage boundary; r—spatial distance of source propagation; h1—thickness of key layer; h2—distance of key layer from the surface; h3—distance of key layer from coal seam; H—distance of coal seam from the surface. Detailed Implementation

[0029] Implementation method one: such as Figs. 1-2 As shown, this integrated mine seismic monitoring system includes a ground monitoring computer 1 and multiple geophones. These geophones are respectively installed in the tunneling roadways 2, main roadways 3, and track and belt conveyor roadways of the longwall mining face 4 of the mine, and are connected to the ground monitoring computer 1 via a ring network switch and optical fiber. The geophones are characterized by including multiple high-frequency geophones 5, multiple medium-low frequency geophones 6, and multiple medium-high frequency geophones 7.

[0030] The high-frequency detectors 5 are evenly arranged in the tunnel 2 and are all connected to a ground sound monitoring substation 8. They are also connected to the ring network switch through the ground sound monitoring substation 8. The high-frequency detectors 5 and the ground sound monitoring substation 8 form a ground sound monitoring subsystem.

[0031] The medium- and low-frequency detectors 6 are evenly distributed in various locations of the main roadway 3 of the mine, and are equipped with a main roadway microseismic monitoring substation 9 and a main roadway microseismic monitoring master station 10. The main roadway microseismic monitoring substation 9 and the main roadway microseismic monitoring master station 10 are connected to the ring network switch. The medium- and low-frequency detectors 6, together with the main roadway microseismic monitoring substation 9 and the main roadway microseismic monitoring master station 10, form the main roadway microseismic monitoring subsystem of the mine.

[0032] The medium- and high-frequency geophones 7 are evenly arranged in the track roadway and belt roadway of the longwall face 4, and are all connected to a microseismic monitoring substation 11. The microseismic monitoring substation 11 is connected to the ring network switch. The medium- and high-frequency geophones 7 and the microseismic monitoring substation 11 form a microseismic monitoring subsystem for the longwall face.

[0033] The mine earthquake comprehensive monitoring system further comprises a plurality of multi-frequency detectors 12, the multi-frequency detectors 12 are arranged on the ground surface of the mine, and the multi-frequency detectors 12 are connected with the ground monitoring computer to form a ground microseismic monitoring subsystem. The multi-frequency detector 12 comprises a plurality of detectors of different frequency bands, and is buried in different depths of the ground holes arranged in the entire mining range of the mine. The high-frequency detector 5 is composed of high-frequency detectors with a frequency band of 60-2000 Hz. The medium-high-frequency detector 7 is composed of medium-high-frequency detectors with a frequency band of 4.5-800 Hz. The medium-low-frequency detector 6 is composed of medium-low-frequency detectors with a frequency band of 0.1-150 Hz. The ground sound monitoring subsystem, the mine roadway microseismic monitoring subsystem, the mining working face microseismic monitoring subsystem and the ground microseismic monitoring subsystem are provided with a time synchronization device (see CN 205644073 U for the time synchronization device for the mine earthquake monitoring system), and have the same clock.

[0034] The method for estimating the damage range of mine earthquake by using the aforementioned mine earthquake comprehensive monitoring system monitoring data comprises the following steps:

[0035] ①. Select the monitoring data of a mine earthquake with large energy monitored by the aforementioned mine earthquake comprehensive monitoring system, and calculate the longitude and latitude coordinates and the focal depth of the mine earthquake according to the conventional method;

[0036] ②. The radius range of the ground vibration damage boundary is estimated according to the following formula:

[0037]

[0038] In the formula, η is a seismic wave energy conversion coefficient, which is 0-1; ρ is the average density of the ground particle unit, unit kg / m3; vm is the safe or limit vibration speed of the ground particle unit, unit mm / s; U is the elastic energy released by the breaking of the key layer monitored in the ground monitoring server, unit J; λ is an attenuation coefficient related to the medium of the stratum; h1 is the thickness of the key layer, unit m; h2 is the distance from the key layer to the ground surface, unit m, vm < 5 mm / s when the mine earthquake has no seismic sensation on the ground building (structure), 5 mm / s ≤ vm < 30 mm / s when the mine earthquake has seismic sensation on the ground building (structure), and vm ≥ 30 mm / s when the mine earthquake causes damage to the ground building (structure), and the obtained S value is the radius of the ground vibration damage boundary, unit m.

[0039] Further, the monitoring data of the ground sound monitoring system, the microseismic monitoring system and the whole-mine microseismic monitoring system are firstly transmitted to the underground microseismic monitoring master station 12 and then transmitted to the ground monitoring server 14 through the ring network / optical fiber 13; the monitoring data of the ground microseismic monitoring system is directly transmitted to the same ground monitoring server 14 through wireless or communication cable.

[0040] Further, by monitoring server 14 joint comparative analysis of the same vibration event monitored by multiple sets of system at the same time, the wide range of wide frequency mine seismic monitoring in the mining area is realized.

[0041] Further, by monitoring server 14, the source O and vibration energy U obtained by comparative analysis, the main key layer thickness h1=263m where the source O is located, the average buried depth h2=326.5m, the vibration energy U=1.45×107J, according to the seismic wave energy conversion coefficient η=1%, the rock layer medium r=25kN / m3, the attenuation coefficient l=1.5, the parameters are substituted into the formula The ground building damage boundary 16 is 524m, the vibration boundary 17 is 7573m, and the aseismic boundary 18 is greater than 7573m. Table 1 is a theoretical reference for the range of different energy mine seismic influence planes.

[0042] Table 1

[0043]

[0044] The above is the preferred embodiment of the present application. It should be noted that for those skilled in the art, without departing from the principles of the present application, a number of improvements and refinements can be made, and these improvements and refinements should also be considered as the protection scope of the present application.

Claims

1. A method for estimating the extent of mine seismic damage using monitoring data from a comprehensive mine seismic monitoring system, characterized in that: The steps include the following: ① Select monitoring data of a high-energy mine earthquake detected by the integrated mine earthquake monitoring system, and calculate the latitude and longitude coordinates and focal depth of the mine earthquake using conventional methods; ②. Estimate the radius of the ground vibration damage boundary using the following formula: , In the formula, η is the seismic wave energy conversion coefficient, ranging from 0 to 1; r is the average density of the ground mass element, in kg / m³; vm is the safe or ultimate vibration velocity of the ground mass element, in mm / s; U is the elastic energy released by the failure of the critical layer as monitored by the ground monitoring server, in J; l is the attenuation coefficient related to the formation medium; h1 is the thickness of the critical layer, in m; h2 is the distance of the critical layer from the ground surface, in m. When the mine earthquake has no perceptible vibration to ground buildings, vm < 5 mm / s; when the mine earthquake has perceptible vibration to ground buildings, 5 mm / s ≤ vm < 30 mm / s; when the mine earthquake causes damage to ground buildings, vm ≥ 30 mm / s. The obtained S value is the ground vibration damage boundary, in m. The integrated mine seismic monitoring system includes a ground monitoring computer and multiple geophones. These geophones are respectively installed in the tunneling roadways, main roadways, track roadways, and conveyor belt roadways of the mining face, and are connected to the ground monitoring computer via a ring network switch and optical fiber. The geophones include multiple high-frequency geophones, multiple medium-low frequency geophones, and multiple medium-high frequency geophones. The high-frequency detectors are evenly distributed in the tunnel and are all connected to a ground sound monitoring substation. They are also connected to a ring network switch through the ground sound monitoring substation. The high-frequency detectors and the ground sound monitoring substation form a ground sound monitoring subsystem. The medium- and low-frequency detectors are evenly distributed throughout the main roadway of the mine, and are equipped with a main roadway microseismic monitoring substation and a main roadway microseismic monitoring master station. The main roadway microseismic monitoring substation and the main roadway microseismic monitoring master station are connected to the ring network switch. The medium- and low-frequency detectors, together with the main roadway microseismic monitoring substation and the main roadway microseismic monitoring master station, form the main roadway microseismic monitoring subsystem of the mine. The medium- and high-frequency geophones are evenly distributed in the track roadways and belt conveyor roadways of the longwall face, and each is connected to a microseismic monitoring substation, which in turn connects to a ring network switch. These medium- and high-frequency geophones and the microseismic monitoring substations constitute the microseismic monitoring subsystem of the longwall face. The integrated mine seismic monitoring system also includes multiple multi-frequency detectors, which are placed on the surface of the mine shafts to be used. These multi-frequency detectors are all connected to a ground monitoring computer, forming a ground microseismic monitoring subsystem. The ground sound monitoring subsystem, the mine main roadway microseismic monitoring subsystem, the longwall face microseismic monitoring subsystem, and the surface microseismic monitoring subsystem are equipped with time synchronization devices.

2. The method for estimating the extent of mine seismic damage using monitoring data from a comprehensive mine seismic monitoring system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The multi-frequency detector comprises multiple detectors of different frequency bands, which are buried at different depths in surface boreholes arranged throughout the entire mining area of ​​the mine.

3. The method for estimating the extent of mine seismic damage using monitoring data from a comprehensive mine seismic monitoring system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The high-frequency detector consists of a high-frequency detector with a frequency band of 60 to 2000 Hz.

4. The method for estimating the extent of mine seismic damage using monitoring data from a comprehensive mine seismic monitoring system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The low-frequency detector consists of a low-frequency detector with a frequency band of 0.1 to 150 Hz.

5. The method for estimating the extent of mine seismic damage using monitoring data from a comprehensive mine seismic monitoring system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The medium- and high-frequency detector consists of a medium- and high-frequency detector with a frequency band of 4.5 to 800 Hz.

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