Method for controlling carburizing and quenching distortion of passive spiral bevel gears in automobile main reducer

Abstract

The present invention discloses a method for controlling carburizing and quenching distortion of a passive spiral bevel gear of a main reducer of an automobile, comprising the following steps: establishing a performance parameter library of spiral bevel gear materials, determining a carburizing and quenching process curve of a spiral bevel gear, and obtaining key parameters; establishing a finite element model for carburizing and quenching simulation of a spiral bevel gear, and experimentally calibrating the finite element model; using an orthogonal test method to screen a simulation optimization scheme for carburizing and quenching of a spiral bevel gear, and screening out a preliminary simulation optimization scheme; using the preliminary simulation optimization scheme as a benchmark, screening out a final simulation optimization scheme; and using the final simulation optimization scheme to carburize and quench the passive spiral bevel gear of the main reducer of an automobile. The present invention uses finite element simulation technology to regulate the pressure of a quenching press, and improves the gear tooth distortion of the passive spiral bevel gear of the main reducer after carburizing and quenching, while ensuring that the warping deformation of the gear end face and the ellipticity of the inner hole do not exceed 100 μm.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to a method for controlling carburizing and quenching distortion of a passive spiral bevel gear of a main reducer of an automobile, and belongs to the field of gear heat treatment. Background Art

[0002] Spiral bevel gears are widely used as axle main reducer gears for various automotive products due to their high transmission stability and good contact and bending fatigue strength. However, due to the asymmetry and complexity of this type of main reducer gear, especially the passive spiral bevel gear of the main reducer, the deformation of the passive spiral bevel gear of the main reducer is large after carburizing and quenching. At present, a more mature solution is to use a quenching press to press-quench the passive spiral bevel gear of the main reducer, and evaluate the gear distortion by detecting the end face warping and inner hole ovality of the gear. Although this detection and control method controls the overall deformation of the passive spiral bevel gear of the main reducer, the detection and control method cannot evaluate and improve the distortion of the gear teeth of the passive spiral bevel gear of the main reducer, resulting in the passive spiral bevel gear of the main reducer meeting the control standards of end face warping and inner hole ovality, but the distortion of the gear teeth is large. Gear tooth distortion will make it difficult to pair the main reducer gear pair in the later stage, and even cause the phenomenon of poor meshing contact performance during the use of the main reducer gear pair.

[0003] At present, there are few research results on the distortion of the passive spiral bevel gear of the main reducer during the carburizing and quenching stage. The main focus is still on the control of the end face warping and inner hole ellipticity of the gear, and there are few discussions on the control method of the gear tooth distortion. Chinese Patent 201810765876.3 proposes a method for controlling the carburizing and quenching deformation of automotive reducer gears. By pre-compensating and shaping the gear tooth distortion of the reducer gear and setting a matching carburizing and quenching compensation mechanism, the gear end face runout is significantly improved. Chinese Patent 201810029815.0 pre-compensates the spiral bevel gear in advance to offset the gear distortion during the carburizing and quenching process, ensuring that the root grinding allowance of the spiral bevel gear after carburizing and quenching is less than 0.2mm.

[0004] However, the above methods all use pre-compensation processing before carburizing and quenching to offset the gear heat treatment distortion, which cannot effectively control the distortion of the gear teeth. At the same time, the gear tooth distortion of the passive spiral bevel gear of the main reducer is large and the degree of dispersion is high after carburizing and quenching, and the above pre-compensation shaping method is not particularly ideal for the gear tooth shape control. Summary of the invention

[0005] In order to solve the above problems, the present invention proposes a method for controlling the carburizing and quenching distortion of the passive spiral bevel gear of the automobile main reducer, which can fundamentally reduce the gear tooth distortion after carburizing and quenching, and ultimately improve the tooth surface contact performance.

[0006] The technical solution adopted by the present invention to solve the technical problem is:

[0007] A method for controlling carburizing and quenching distortion of a passive spiral bevel gear of a main reducer of an automobile provided by an embodiment of the present invention comprises the following steps:

[0008] Establish a performance parameter library for spiral bevel gear materials, determine the carburizing and quenching process curve for spiral bevel gears, and obtain key parameters;

[0009] Establish a finite element model for carburizing and quenching simulation of spiral bevel gears, and conduct experimental calibration on the finite element model;

[0010] The orthogonal test method was used to screen the simulation optimization scheme for carburizing and quenching of spiral bevel gears. The pressure values ​​of the outer pressure ring, inner pressure ring and expansion block of the quenching press were used as variable factors with an interval of 1MPa for simulation. The gear tooth distortion variable was used as the analysis index to screen out the preliminary simulation optimization scheme.

[0011] Taking the preliminary simulation optimization scheme as a benchmark, the pressure values ​​of the outer pressure ring, inner pressure ring and expansion block of the quenching press were simulated with a factor interval of 0.25MPa. The orthogonal test method was used again to select the final simulation optimization scheme with the gear tooth distortion variable as the analysis index.

[0012] The final simulation optimization scheme is used to carburize and quench the passive spiral bevel gear of the automobile main reducer.

[0013] As a possible implementation of this embodiment, the performance parameter library of the spiral bevel gear material includes material thermophysical property parameters, material mechanical property parameters and material phase change kinetic parameters.

[0014] As a possible implementation of this embodiment, the carburizing and quenching process curve of the spiral bevel gear includes complete carburizing and quenching process card parameters and status information of the fixture clamping during the carburizing and quenching process.

[0015] As a possible implementation of this embodiment, the key parameters include a carbon element transfer coefficient and a carbon element diffusion coefficient;

[0016] The calculation formula of the carbon element transfer coefficient β is:

[0017]

[0018] Where β0 is 0.00347 mm·s -1 , E is the activation energy, R is the gas constant, and T is the temperature;

[0019] The calculation formula of the carbon element diffusion coefficient D is:

[0020]

[0021] Where D 0.4 is the diffusion constant when the mass fraction is 0.4%, Q is the activation energy of carbon atom diffusion, and B is the constant of the reaction diffusion coefficient and carbon concentration.

[0022] As a possible implementation of this embodiment, the test contents of the finite element model test calibration include the gear tooth hardness curve of the spiral bevel gear, the gear end face warping deformation, the inner hole ovality and the gear tooth distortion.

[0023] As a possible implementation of this embodiment, in the process of screening the preliminary simulation optimization scheme and the final simulation optimization scheme, the warping deformation of the gear end face and the ovality of the inner hole are both within 100 μm.

[0024] As a possible implementation of this embodiment, in the process of screening the preliminary simulation optimization scheme and the final simulation optimization scheme, the number of the spiral bevel gears is no less than 5, and the number of teeth detected for the tooth distortion of each spiral bevel gear is no less than 3 groups of teeth.

[0025] As a possible implementation method of this embodiment, in the process of screening the preliminary simulation optimization scheme, the pressure values ​​of the outer pressure ring, inner pressure ring and expansion block of the quenching press of the original carburizing and quenching scheme are used as a benchmark, and the three groups of variable factors are simulated with an interval of 1MPa. The value range of the three groups of variable factor pressure values ​​is 0-5MPa.

[0026] As a possible implementation of this embodiment, in the process of screening the final optimization scheme, the pressure values ​​of the outer pressure ring, inner pressure ring and expansion block of the quenching press of the preliminary optimization scheme are used as the benchmark, and four groups of variable factor pressure values ​​are taken for each variable factor interval of 0.25MPa for simulation, that is, the value range is MPa and MPa, It is the average pressure value of the outer pressure ring, inner pressure ring or expansion block.

[0027] As a possible implementation of this embodiment, the method further includes the following steps:

[0028] The tooth distortion, end face warping deformation and inner hole ovality of the passive spiral bevel gear of the main reducer after carburizing and quenching under the original carburizing and quenching scheme and the final simulation optimization scheme were tested to confirm the optimization effect of the final simulation optimization scheme.

[0029] The technical solution of the embodiment of the present invention may have the following beneficial effects:

[0030] 1) The present invention can effectively reduce the distortion of the gear teeth without adding additional molds, time-consuming processes, etc. The production test results show that the distortion of the concave and convex surfaces of the gear teeth is reduced by about 15%-20%;

[0031] 2) The present invention reduces the gear tooth distortion while ensuring that the warping deformation of the end face and the ovality of the inner hole of the main reducer passive spiral bevel gear are less than 100 μm, which is beneficial to the later pairing of spiral bevel gear pairs with equal height teeth and reduces the scrap rate;

[0032] 3) The present invention reduces the gear tooth distortion after carburizing and quenching, which is beneficial to the pre-heating pre-compensation modification design of the gear;

[0033] 4) The present invention helps to improve the meshing contact performance of the gear pair by reducing the gear tooth distortion, thereby increasing the service life of the passive spiral bevel gear pair of the drive axle main reducer and reducing the transmission error. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0034] Figure 1 It is a flow chart of a method for controlling carburizing and quenching distortion of a passive spiral bevel gear of a final reducer of an automobile according to an exemplary embodiment;

[0035] Figure 2 is a schematic diagram of the assembly position of a driven spiral bevel gear of a main reducer and a quenching press die according to an exemplary embodiment;

[0036] Figure 3 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a passive spiral bevel gear of a main reducer according to an exemplary embodiment;

[0037] Figure 4 The figure is a schematic top view of a passive spiral bevel gear of a main reducer according to an exemplary embodiment. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0038] The present invention will be further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiments:

[0039] In order to clearly illustrate the technical features of the present solution, the present invention is described in detail below through specific implementation methods and in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. The disclosure below provides many different embodiments or examples for realizing different structures of the present invention. In order to simplify the disclosure of the present invention, the components and settings of specific examples are described below. In addition, the present invention may repeat reference numbers and / or letters in different examples. This repetition is for the purpose of simplification and clarity, and does not itself indicate the relationship between the various embodiments and / or settings discussed. It should be noted that the components illustrated in the accompanying drawings are not necessarily drawn to scale. The present invention omits the description of known components and processing techniques and processes to avoid unnecessary limitations on the present invention.

[0040] like Figure 2-Figure 4 As shown, Figure 2 The figure is a schematic diagram of the mold assembly of the passive spiral bevel gear of the main reducer and the quenching press, wherein 1 is an external pressure ring acting on the tooth top, which is located near the tooth top near the big end of the gear tooth, and the press applies external pressure ring pressure to the gear 4 through the external pressure ring; 2 is an internal pressure ring acting on the inner circle step of the gear, and the press applies internal pressure ring pressure to the gear 4 through the internal pressure ring; 3 is an expansion block acting on the inner hole surface of the gear, and the press applies expansion block pressure to the gear 4 through the expansion block. Figure 3 The figure shows a schematic cross-sectional view of the passive spiral bevel gear of the main reducer. 41 is the inner hole of the gear, which is used to detect the ovality of the inner hole of the gear; 42 is the bottom end face of the gear, which is used to detect the warpage deformation of the end face of the gear; 43 is the gear tooth part, which is used to detect the gear tooth distortion. The specific position of the gear tooth distortion detection of the passive spiral bevel gear of the main reducer is shown in the figure. Figure 4 As shown, the normal deformation of the tooth surface near the pitch circle of the gear tooth concave surface 44 and the gear tooth convex surface 45 are detected respectively.

[0041] like Figure 1 As shown, a method for controlling carburizing and quenching distortion of a passive spiral bevel gear of a main reducer of an automobile provided by an embodiment of the present invention comprises the following steps:

[0042] Establish a performance parameter library for spiral bevel gear materials, determine the carburizing and quenching process curve for spiral bevel gears, and obtain key parameters;

[0043] Establish a finite element model for carburizing and quenching simulation of spiral bevel gears, and conduct experimental calibration on the finite element model;

[0044] The orthogonal test method was used to screen the simulation optimization scheme for carburizing and quenching of spiral bevel gears. The pressure values ​​of the outer pressure ring, inner pressure ring and expansion block of the quenching press were used as variable factors with an interval of 1MPa for simulation. The gear tooth distortion variable was used as the analysis index to screen out the preliminary simulation optimization scheme.

[0045] Taking the preliminary simulation optimization scheme as a benchmark, the pressure values ​​of the outer pressure ring, inner pressure ring and expansion block of the quenching press were simulated with a factor interval of 0.25MPa. The orthogonal test method was used again to select the final simulation optimization scheme with the gear tooth distortion variable as the analysis index.

[0046] The final simulation optimization scheme is used to carburize and quench the passive spiral bevel gear of the automobile main reducer.

[0047] The present invention uses finite element simulation technology to regulate the pressure of the quenching press, and improves the gear tooth distortion of the main reducer driven spiral bevel gear after carburizing and quenching, while ensuring that the gear end face warping deformation and the inner hole ellipticity do not exceed 100 μm. The present invention fundamentally reduces the gear tooth distortion after carburizing and quenching, and ultimately improves the tooth surface contact performance.

[0048] As a possible implementation of this embodiment, the performance parameter library of the spiral bevel gear material includes material thermophysical property parameters, material mechanical property parameters and material phase change kinetic parameters, and the above material performance parameter library can be obtained through JMatPro software.

[0049] As a possible implementation of this embodiment, the carburizing and quenching process curve of the spiral bevel gear includes complete carburizing and quenching process card parameters and status information of the fixture clamping during the carburizing and quenching process.

[0050] As a possible implementation of this embodiment, the key parameters include a carbon element transfer coefficient and a carbon element diffusion coefficient; the carbon element transfer coefficient is calculated according to an Arrhenius formula, and the carbon element diffusion coefficient is calculated according to a Borgianni formula.

[0051] The calculation formula of the carbon element transfer coefficient β is:

[0052]

[0053] Where β0 is 0.00347 mm·s -1 , E is the activation energy, R is the gas constant, and T is the temperature;

[0054] The calculation formula of the carbon element diffusion coefficient D is:

[0055]

[0056] Where D 0.4 is the diffusion constant when the mass fraction is 0.4%, Q is the activation energy of carbon atom diffusion, and B is the constant of the reaction diffusion coefficient and carbon concentration.

[0057] As a possible implementation of this embodiment, the test contents of the finite element model test calibration include the gear tooth hardness curve of the spiral bevel gear, the gear end face warping deformation, the inner hole ovality and the gear tooth distortion.

[0058] The gear carburizing and quenching finite element model can be established by existing mature commercial finite element software including but not limited to DEFORM-HT, SYSWELD-HT and SIMUFACT. The test calibration content includes gear tooth hardness curve test, gear end face warping deformation and gear tooth distortion test. The gear tooth hardness curve detection is to measure the Rockwell hardness from the center of the tooth surface near the gear pitch circle; the gear inner hole ovality analysis position is as follows Figure 3 As shown in Figure 41, the gear end face warping analysis position is as follows Figure 3 As shown in 42, the gear tooth distortion analysis position is as follows Figure 3The gear tooth distortion analysis includes the gear tooth concave tooth surface and the gear tooth convex tooth surface deformation analysis, the specific location is as follows Figure 4 44 and 45. The maximum hardness error between the simulated gear tooth hardness curve and the measured gear tooth hardness curve is 2.9%, the simulated end face warpage and inner hole ovality are within 2.1% of the measured average value, the simulated gear tooth deformation trend is consistent with the measured gear tooth deformation trend, and the maximum error between the simulated gear tooth concave surface distortion and convex surface distortion and the measured gear tooth concave surface distortion and convex surface distortion is within 15%. The rear end face warpage, inner hole ovality and gear tooth distortion of the above-mentioned main reducer passive spiral bevel gear after carburizing and quenching can be obtained by testing the P65 equipment of the gear measurement center, and the above-mentioned gear hardness curve can be measured using a Rockwell hardness tester.

[0059] As a possible implementation method of this embodiment, in the process of screening the preliminary simulation optimization scheme, the pressure values ​​of the outer pressure ring, inner pressure ring and expansion block of the quenching press of the original carburizing and quenching scheme are used as a benchmark, and the three groups of variable factors are simulated with an interval of 1MPa. The value range of the three groups of variable factor pressure values ​​is 0-5MPa.

[0060] The quenching press of the present invention has the characteristics that the loading die position cannot be moved and the angle of the press chassis cannot be adjusted. Therefore, only the pressure values ​​of the outer pressure ring, inner pressure ring and expansion block of the quenching press are used as variable factors, and the loading position reference of the outer pressure ring, inner pressure ring and expansion block of the quenching press is Figure 2 Positions 1, 2 and 3 shown, Figure 2 Number 4 is the passive spiral bevel gear of the main reducer. For quenching presses with movable loading die positions or adjustable press bed chassis angles, the loading die positions and press bed chassis angles should also be used as variable factors during the optimization scheme screening process. Among them, the loading range of the pressure values ​​of the outer pressure ring, inner pressure ring and expansion block is 0-5MPa. The simulation scheme is designed by taking the values ​​of the three groups of variable factors at intervals of 1MPa according to the orthogonal test method.

[0061] In the simulation scheme, the loading area of ​​the outer pressure ring, inner pressure ring and expansion block of the quenching press is determined according to the actual loading mark. Since the load value is a uniformly spaced pulsating load in actual production, the pulsating load should be converted into an average load during the simulation analysis. The calculation formula is:

[0062]

[0063] In the formula, is the average load of the outer pressure ring, inner pressure ring or expansion block, κ i is the time proportional coefficient of the actual pulsating load of the outer pressure ring, inner pressure ring or expansion block, σ i It is the pressure value of the actual pulsation loading.

[0064] The orthogonal test method uses the pressure values ​​of the outer pressure ring, inner pressure ring and expansion block of the quenching press in the factory's original scheme as the benchmark. The pressure values ​​of the outer pressure ring, inner pressure ring and expansion block of the quenching press in the factory's original scheme are 1.25MPa, 3MPa and 2MPa respectively. The pressure values ​​of the outer pressure ring, inner pressure ring and expansion block in the preliminary optimization scheme obtained after screening by the above method are 1.25MPa, 4MPa and 4MPa respectively.

[0065] As a possible implementation method of this embodiment, in the process of screening the preliminary simulation optimization scheme and the final simulation optimization scheme, the gear end face warping deformation and the inner hole ovality are both within 100μm, and the schemes with the surface warping deformation or the inner hole ovality exceeding 100μm are excluded.

[0066] As a possible implementation of this embodiment, in order to eliminate the influence of production batches, the gear deformation detection of the original scheme and the final optimization scheme should be carried out on the passive spiral bevel gear of the main reducer of the same batch of materials. In the process of screening the preliminary simulation optimization scheme and the final simulation optimization scheme, the number of the spiral bevel gears is not less than 5, and the number of teeth for detecting the tooth distortion of each spiral bevel gear is not less than 3 groups of teeth.

[0067] As a possible implementation of this embodiment, in the process of screening the final optimization scheme, the pressure values ​​of the outer pressure ring, inner pressure ring and expansion block of the quenching press of the preliminary optimization scheme are used as the benchmark, and four groups of variable factor pressure values ​​are taken for each variable factor interval of 0.25MPa for simulation, that is, the value range is (σ i -0.5)MPa and (σ i +0.5)MPa, It is the average pressure value of the outer pressure ring, inner pressure ring or expansion block.

[0068] Through this value selection method, the second simulation scheme design is carried out according to the orthogonal test method to screen out the final optimization scheme. In the process of screening the final optimization scheme, it should be ensured that the warpage deformation of the gear end face and the ovality of the inner hole are both within 100μm, and the schemes with the warpage deformation of the end face or the ovality of the inner hole exceeding 100 microns should be excluded.

[0069] In the final optimized solution obtained after screening by the above method, the pressure values ​​of the outer pressure ring, inner pressure ring and expansion block are 1.25MPa, 3.75MPa and 4MPa respectively.

[0070] As a possible implementation of this embodiment, the method further includes the following steps:

[0071] The tooth distortion, end face warping deformation and inner hole ovality of the passive spiral bevel gear of the main reducer after carburizing and quenching under the original carburizing and quenching scheme and the final simulation optimization scheme were tested to confirm the optimization effect of the final simulation optimization scheme.

[0072] After testing, it was found that after the final optimization scheme was adopted for the pressure values ​​of the outer pressure ring, inner pressure ring and expansion block of the quenching press, the rear face warping deformation and the inner hole ovality were both within 100μm, and the concave and convex surface distortion of the gear teeth were reduced by about 15%-20%.

[0073] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention rather than to limit it. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the above embodiments, ordinary technicians in the relevant field should understand that the specific implementation methods of the present invention can still be modified or replaced by equivalents. Any modification or equivalent replacement that does not depart from the spirit and scope of the present invention should be covered within the scope of protection of the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for controlling carburizing and quenching distortion of a passive spiral bevel gear of a main reducer of an automobile, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: Establish a performance parameter library for spiral bevel gear materials, determine the carburizing and quenching process curve for spiral bevel gears, and obtain key parameters; Establish a finite element model for carburizing and quenching simulation of spiral bevel gears, and conduct experimental calibration on the finite element model; The orthogonal test method was used to screen the simulation optimization scheme of carburizing and quenching of spiral bevel gears. The pressure values ​​of the outer pressure ring, inner pressure ring and expansion block of the quenching press were used as variable factors with an interval of 1 MPa for simulation. The gear tooth distortion variable was used as the analysis index to screen out the preliminary simulation optimization scheme. Taking the preliminary simulation optimization scheme as a benchmark, the pressure values ​​of the outer pressure ring, inner pressure ring and expansion block of the quenching press were simulated with a factor interval of 0.25 MPa. The orthogonal test method was used again to select the final simulation optimization scheme with the gear tooth distortion variable as the analysis index. The final simulation optimization scheme is used to carburize and quench the passive spiral bevel gear of the automobile main reducer; The key parameters include carbon element transfer coefficient and carbon element diffusion coefficient; The calculation formula of the carbon element transfer coefficient β is: In the formula, The value is 0.00347 , is the activation energy, is the gas constant, is temperature; The calculation formula of the carbon element diffusion coefficient D is: In the formula, is the diffusion constant when the mass fraction is 0.4%, is the activation energy of carbon atom diffusion, is a constant for the reaction diffusion coefficient and carbon concentration; The test contents for experimental calibration of the finite element model include the spiral bevel gear tooth hardness curve, gear end face warping deformation, inner hole ovality and gear tooth distortion.

2. The method for controlling carburizing and quenching distortion of the passive spiral bevel gear of the automobile main reducer according to claim 1, characterized in that: The performance parameter library of the spiral bevel gear material includes material thermophysical property parameters, material mechanical property parameters and material phase change kinetic parameters.

3. The method for controlling carburizing and quenching distortion of the passive spiral bevel gear of the automobile main reducer according to claim 1, characterized in that: The carburizing and quenching process curve of the spiral bevel gear includes complete carburizing and quenching process card parameters and state information of the fixture clamping during the carburizing and quenching process.

4. The method for controlling carburizing and quenching distortion of a passive spiral bevel gear of a final reducer of an automobile according to claim 1, characterized in that: In the process of screening the preliminary simulation optimization scheme and the final simulation optimization scheme, the warping deformation of the gear end face and the ovality of the inner hole were both within 100 μm.

5. The method for controlling carburizing and quenching distortion of a passive spiral bevel gear of a main reducer of an automobile according to claim 4, characterized in that: In the process of screening the preliminary simulation optimization scheme and the final simulation optimization scheme, the number of the spiral bevel gears is no less than 5, and the number of teeth detected for the tooth distortion of each spiral bevel gear is no less than 3 groups of teeth.

6. The method for controlling carburizing and quenching distortion of a passive spiral bevel gear of a main reducer of an automobile according to claim 1, characterized in that: In the process of screening the preliminary simulation optimization scheme, the pressure values ​​of the outer pressure ring, inner pressure ring and expansion block of the quenching press of the original carburizing and quenching scheme were used as the benchmark, and the three groups of variable factors were simulated with an interval of 1 MPa. The value range of the three groups of variable factor pressure values ​​was 0-5 MPa.

7. The method for controlling carburizing and quenching distortion of a passive spiral bevel gear of a final reducer of an automobile according to claim 1, characterized in that: In the process of screening the final optimization scheme, the pressure values ​​of the outer pressure ring, inner pressure ring and expansion block of the quenching press of the preliminary optimization scheme are used as the benchmark, and four groups of variable factor pressure values ​​are taken for each variable factor interval of 0.25 MPa for simulation, that is, the value range is MPa and MPa, It is the average pressure value of the outer pressure ring, inner pressure ring or expansion block.

8. The method for controlling carburizing and quenching distortion of a passive spiral bevel gear of a main reducer of an automobile according to any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that: The following steps are also included: The tooth distortion, end face warping deformation and inner hole ovality of the passive spiral bevel gear of the main reducer after carburizing and quenching under the original carburizing and quenching scheme and the final simulation optimization scheme were tested to confirm the optimization effect of the final simulation optimization scheme.

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