Landing gear acoustic shroud

Abstract

A shroud assembly for an aircraft landing gear includes a pneumatic shroud, a first support bracket assembly, and a second support bracket assembly. The first support bracket assembly is configured to couple with a structural member of the aircraft landing gear, support a first end of the pneumatic shroud, and have a first position fixed relative to the structural member in an x-direction, a y-direction, and a z-direction. The first support bracket assembly has a first clamp configured to fix the first support bracket assembly relative to the structural member in the x-direction. The second support bracket assembly is configured to support a second end of the pneumatic shroud and have a second position fixed relative to the structural member in the y-direction and the z-direction.

Description

[0001] Cross-references to related applications

[0002] This application claims priority to U.S. Patent Application No. 16 / 670909, filed October 31, 2019, the entire contents of which are incorporated herein by reference for all purposes. Background Technology

[0003] The two main contributors to aircraft noise are the engine and the fuselage (landing gear is part of the fuselage). Over time, advancements in engine technology have reduced engine noise, thereby increasing the fuselage's relative contribution to overall aircraft noise. Furthermore, commercial airline noise certification requirements are expected to become more stringent. This necessitates reducing noise generated by the landing gear, including aerodynamic noise from deployed landing gear. This invention provides a cowling assembly for reducing such aerodynamic noise.

[0004] U.S. Patent Publication No. 2009 / 0176078A1 discloses a device for reducing aerodynamic noise generated by an aircraft landing gear. The device includes a lightweight element (e.g., high-density polyurethane foam) with a smooth shape, mounted on a structural element of the landing gear system. The lightweight element may optionally be covered with a protective covering. French Patent Application Publication No. FR 2961478 A1 discloses another device for reducing aerodynamic noise, comprising an aerodynamic cover arranged on at least two supports fixed to the landing gear structural element. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The disclosed technology generally relates to soundproof enclosure assemblies and soundproof enclosure systems configured to reduce aerodynamic noise associated with landing gear.

[0006] In one aspect, the present invention provides a cowling assembly for an aircraft landing gear. The cowling assembly includes an aerodynamic cowling, a first support bracket assembly, and a second support bracket assembly. The first support bracket assembly is configured to connect with a structural member of the aircraft landing gear and support a first end of the aerodynamic cowling. The first support bracket assembly is configured to have a first position fixed relative to the structural member in the x, y, and z directions, wherein the x direction is generally parallel to the longitudinal direction of the structural member, the y direction is perpendicular to the x direction, and the z direction is perpendicular to both the x and y directions. The first support bracket assembly has a first clamp configured to fix the first support bracket assembly relative to the structural member in the x direction. The second support bracket assembly is configured to support a second end of the aerodynamic cowling and has a second position fixed relative to the structural member in the y and z directions.

[0007] In one embodiment, the first support bracket assembly and the second support bracket assembly are each configured to form a circular shoulder that extends away from the first end and the second end of the pneumatic cover along the x-direction, respectively.

[0008] In one embodiment, the pneumatic shroud has a length extending between a leading edge and a trailing edge, a height extending between an upper surface and a lower surface, and a height-to-length ratio between about 1.0 and about 0.1 (e.g., between about 0.5 and about 0.25, or about 0.33).

[0009] In one embodiment, the second support bracket assembly is configured to remain unconstrained relative to the structural member in the x-direction.

[0010] In one embodiment, the first clamp is configured to use one of an end flange clamp and a U-shaped clamp to fix the first support bracket assembly in a first position along the x-direction.

[0011] In one embodiment, the first support bracket assembly is configured to secure a first position in the y-direction using either a web clamp or a U-shaped clamp. In another embodiment, the first support bracket assembly is configured to secure a first position in the y-direction using a web clamp, wherein the web clamp is configured to extend through the web of the structural member. In yet another embodiment, the first support bracket assembly is configured to secure a first position in the y-direction using a web clamp, wherein the web clamp includes a sub-clamp adjustablely connected to an adjustable web pad, the adjustable web pad and the sub-clamp being configured to remain separated by a gap when the adjustable web pad clamps the web of the structural member. In yet another embodiment, the first support bracket assembly is configured to secure a first position in the z-direction using either an outer flange clamp or a locking mechanism having a locking arm configured to contact the outer flange of the structural member. In one embodiment, the second support bracket assembly is configured to secure a second position of the second support bracket assembly in the y-direction using a second web clamp. In another embodiment, the second support bracket assembly is configured to secure a second position of the second support bracket assembly in the z-direction using either a second outer flange clamp or a second locking mechanism having a second locking arm.

[0012] In one embodiment, the first clamp is an end flange clamp adjustablely connected to a first sub-clamp and a second sub-clamp. In another embodiment, the first clamp is configured to remain separated from the first sub-clamp by a gap when the first clamp is clamped to the end flange of the structural member.

[0013] In another aspect, the present invention provides an acoustic noise reduction system for an aircraft landing gear having a structural member. The acoustic noise reduction system includes an aerodynamic cowling, a first support bracket assembly, and a second support bracket assembly. The first support bracket assembly is configured to support a first end of the aerodynamic cowling and be coupled to the structural member, and has a first clamp configured to fix the position of the first support bracket assembly relative to the structural member in an x-direction generally parallel to the longitudinal direction of the first structural member. The second support bracket assembly is configured to support a second end of the aerodynamic cowling, be coupled to the structural member, and remain unconstrained relative to the structural member in the x-direction.

[0014] In one embodiment, the first support bracket assembly and the second support bracket assembly are each configured to form shoulders that extend from the first end and the second end of the pneumatic cover along the x-direction, respectively.

[0015] This summary is provided as a simplified introduction to the concepts further described below in the detailed description. This summary is not intended to identify key features of the claimed subject matter, nor is it intended to be used as an aid in determining the scope of the claimed subject matter. Attached Figure Description

[0016] The foregoing aspects and numerous accompanying advantages of the claimed subject matter will become more readily understood as they are better understood by referring to the following specific description in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, in which:

[0017] Figure 1 This is a perspective view of an aircraft landing gear equipped with a cover assembly according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0018] Figure 2A According to an embodiment of the present invention Figure 1 A perspective view of the upper strut cover assembly of the landing gear;

[0019] Figure 2B yes Figure 2A Exploded perspective view of the upper strut cover assembly;

[0020] Figure 2C yes Figure 2A A partial sectional view of the upper strut cover assembly shows a representative mechanism for fixing the position of the cover assembly relative to the structural member;

[0021] Figure 2D yes Figure 2A Another partial sectional view of the upper strut cover assembly shows another representative mechanism for fixing the position of the cover assembly relative to the structural member;

[0022] Figure 3A According to another embodiment of the present invention Figure 1A partial sectional view of the lower strut cover assembly of the landing gear shows another representative mechanism for fixing the position of the cover assembly relative to the structural members.

[0023] Figure 3B yes Figure 3A A partial perspective view of the lower strut cover assembly shows another representative mechanism for fixing the position of the cover assembly relative to the structural members;

[0024] Figure 4A According to an embodiment of the present invention Figure 1 A perspective view of the upper drag strut cover assembly of the landing gear;

[0025] Figure 4B yes Figure 4A A partial sectional view of the upper resistance strut cover assembly shows another representative mechanism for fixing the position of the cover assembly relative to the structural member; and

[0026] Figure 4C yes Figure 4A Another partial sectional view of the upper resistance strut cover assembly shows a representative mechanism for fixing the position of the cover assembly relative to the structural member. Detailed Implementation

[0027] This invention provides examples of canopy assemblies configured to reduce aerodynamic noise associated with aircraft landing gear systems. Features described with respect to the various representative embodiments herein (including mechanisms for fixing the canopy assembly in x, y, and / or z positions) may generally be combined or alternated with features of other embodiments.

[0028] Figure 1 A representative embodiment of a landing gear system 100 according to the present invention is illustrated. The landing gear system 100 includes a shock absorber strut 104, a side strut assembly 106, and a drag strut assembly 108, each of which is configured at its upper end for connection to an aircraft (not shown). One or more wheels 112 are connected to the lower end of the shock absorber strut 104. Figure 1 In the middle, the landing gear system 100 is in the landing gear down position, wherein one or more wheels 112 are positioned to support the aircraft during takeoff, taxiing and landing.

[0029] The side strut assembly 106 and the drag strut assembly 108 each include multiple structural members or links (e.g., I-beams) having recesses, protrusions, flat surfaces, orifices, irregularities, and / or other characteristics that, when unshielded, could result in unacceptable levels of aerodynamic noise when passing through the air at a certain speed (e.g., during approach to landing). To reduce such aerodynamic noise, each of the side strut assembly 106 and the drag strut assembly 108 includes one or more soundproof shroud assemblies fitted with aerodynamic shrouds (or flaps). For example, the side strut assembly 106 includes an upper side strut shroud assembly 200 and a lower side strut shroud assembly 300. Similarly, the drag strut assembly 108 includes an upper drag strut shroud assembly 400 and a lower drag strut shroud assembly 500. Each shroud assembly covers at least a portion of a structural member (e.g., an I-beam structural member). Each shroud assembly includes a shroud with an aerodynamic shape configured to reduce aerodynamic noise compared to an unshielded structural member.

[0030] Although the landing gear system 100 includes a side strut assembly 106 and a drag strut assembly 108, and is shown as including two cover assemblies associated with each of the side strut assembly 106 and the drag strut assembly 108, the invention is not limited to such a landing gear system. It should be understood that the cover assemblies described herein can be applied to various landing gear systems. For example, the cover assemblies described herein can be applied to additional and / or alternative structural members or other components of an aircraft landing gear system. For example, the cover assembly described herein with respect to the side strut assembly 106 can be applied to the drag strut assembly 108, and vice versa. As another example, an aircraft landing gear system having one cover assembly is also within the scope of the invention. As another example, an aircraft landing gear system having more than four cover assemblies is also within the scope of the invention. As yet another example, cover assemblies can be applied to damping struts, torsion bars, beams, and / or other struts of an aircraft landing gear system.

[0031] Figure 2A and Figure 2B A representative embodiment of the upper strut cover assembly 200 is shown. (As shown) Figure 2A and Figure 2BAs shown, the upper strut cover assembly 200 is mounted on an upper strut structural member or link 132, which has a web 136 extending between an upper flange 140 and a lower flange 144 (both being “end flanges”). The upper strut cover assembly 200 includes an upper support bracket assembly 204 (hereinafter “upper support bracket 204”) and a lower support bracket assembly 208 (hereinafter “lower support bracket 208”). Both the upper support bracket 204 and the lower support bracket 208 are configured to connect to a pneumatic cover 212 (hereinafter “cover 212”) extending between the upper support bracket 204 and the lower support bracket 208. The cover 212 is also configured to extend around the periphery of the upper support bracket 204 and the periphery of the lower support bracket 208.

[0032] To facilitate attachment to the upper support rod structural member 132, the upper support bracket 204 and the lower support bracket 208 can each be formed from two or more parts (see...). Figure 2B The upper support bracket 204 and the lower support bracket 208 are at least partially formed of one or more high-strength materials (e.g., 7075 aluminum alloy sheet or similar materials). To improve aerodynamic characteristics, in some embodiments, each of the first bracket 204 and the second bracket 208 extends outward (protrudes) at its end away from the cover 212. Thus, the first bracket 204 and the second bracket 208 form at either end of the cover 212 as... Figure 2A The shoulder 218 shown (concealed relative to the first bracket 204) gives the entire upper strut cover assembly 200 a seamless outer profile. In some embodiments, each of the upper support bracket 204 and the lower support bracket 208 has a rounded outer edge (i.e., a rounded shoulder) to further improve aerodynamic characteristics. Some embodiments may include only two brackets, i.e., no intermediate support bracket between the first support bracket 204 and the second support bracket 208.

[0033] The shroud 212 has an aerodynamic cross-sectional shape, such as a teardrop shape, a wing shape, or other shapes with leading and trailing edges. The cross-sectional shape of the shroud 212 can be optimized for a specific airspeed associated with a particular aircraft. For example, the shroud has a length extending between the leading and trailing edges, and a height extending between the upper and lower surfaces. In some embodiments, the shroud may have a cross-sectional shape with a height-to-length ratio between about 1.0 and about 0.1. In some embodiments, the shroud has a height-to-length ratio between about 0.8 and about 0.2, or in some embodiments between about 0.6 and about 0.2, or in some embodiments between about 0.25 and about 0.5, or in some embodiments between about 0.3 and about 0.4. In some embodiments, the shroud has a height-to-length ratio of about 0.5, about 0.33, about 0.3, about 0.25, or about 0.2. Such a height-to-length ratio has been shown to improve airflow. In some embodiments, the shroud 212 may have a circular or oval cross-sectional shape.

[0034] exist Figure 2B In the non-limiting exemplary embodiment shown, the cover 212 has a multi-piece construction (i.e., a front cover and a rear cover) for ease of installation and maintenance, but some embodiments may include a single-piece cover. The cover 212 may be coupled to the upper support bracket 204 and the lower support bracket 208 via a plurality of fasteners (e.g., bolts, screws, and / or rivets). While more permanent fastening techniques may be employed, reversible fasteners are preferred for ease of installation and maintenance. Other covers described herein have similar features. The cover 212 is formed at least in part from one or more materials (e.g., 2024 aluminum alloy or similar materials) having relatively high strength and relatively light weight. In some embodiments, the cover may be configured to fold over itself (e.g., along the x-direction) to facilitate the landing gear system retracting to the landing gear stowed position.

[0035] As described in more detail below, the upper support bracket 204 engages the upper flange 140 of the upper strut structural member 132 using different mechanisms to fix its position in the x, y, and z directions. The lower support bracket 208 engages the upper strut structural member 132 near the lower flange 144 using different mechanisms to fix its position in the y and z directions, thereby allowing the lower support bracket 208 to move freely in the x direction (i.e., along the longitudinal direction of the upper strut structural member 132). By not constraining the lower support bracket 208 in the x direction, the upper strut cover assembly 200 can freely expand or contract in that direction, for example, due to thermal expansion.

[0036] As used herein, the x-direction generally corresponds to the longitudinal direction of the structural member to which the support bracket is connected (e.g., forward and backward movement along an axis generally parallel to the longitudinal direction of the structural member). The y-direction generally corresponds to a direction perpendicular to the x-direction and perpendicular to the web of the structural member (e.g., movement along an axis generally perpendicular to the x-direction and perpendicular to the web of the structural member). The z-direction generally corresponds to a direction perpendicular to both the x- and y-directions and parallel to the web of the structural member (e.g., movement along an axis generally perpendicular to both the x- and y-directions and generally parallel to the web of the structural member).

[0037] Typically, the cover assembly of the present invention includes a combination of mechanisms that substantially fix a first support bracket of the cover assembly relative to the x, y, and z directions (relative to structural members), and substantially fix a second support bracket of the cover assembly relative to the y and z directions but not the x direction. This configuration prevents the cover (e.g., cover 212) from warping and facilitates installation and maintenance. However, the present invention contemplates embodiments in which both the first and second support bracket assemblies are fixed in the x, y, and z directions.

[0038] Figure 2C A representative mechanism is shown for fixing the cover assembly to the x and y positions relative to the structural member. Specifically, Figure 2C A partial sectional view is shown, illustrating how the upper support bracket 204 is positioned relative to the upper strut structural member 132 in the x and y directions. (Refer to...) Figure 2D and Figure 4C A more detailed description of the representative mechanism used for the z-position of the fixed cover assembly relative to the structural member. Although in Figure 2C Not shown in the image, but refer to the following: Figure 2D The described mechanism secures the upper support bracket 204 at the z-position. Therefore, the upper support bracket 204 is fixed in the x, y, and z directions.

[0039] exist Figure 2C In the illustrated embodiment, the upper support bracket 204 includes a web clamp 216 (for fixing the y-direction position) and a flange clamp 220 (for fixing the x-direction position). The web clamp 216 adjustably clamps the web 136 of the upper strut structural member 132. Similarly, the flange clamp 220 adjustably clamps the upper flange 140 (end flange) of the upper strut structural member 132. Therefore, this flange clamp can be referred to as an end flange clamp. In some embodiments, the flange clamp 220 adjustably clamps the lower flange 144 (also an end flange) instead of the upper flange 140. Although in Figure 2C The web clamp 216 is shown in detail relative to the upper support bracket 204, but a similar web clamp is used as part of the lower support bracket 208.

[0040] like Figure 2C As shown, the web clamp 216 is partially formed by a first sub-clamp 224a, which is rigidly connected to a second sub-clamp 224b via a flange clamp 220. That is, the flange clamp 220 not only performs an important clamping function but also serves as a connecting bridge / support rod between the first sub-clamp 224a and the second sub-clamp 224b. In a non-limiting exemplary embodiment, each of the first sub-clamp 224a and the second sub-clamp 224b may be coupled to the upper support bracket 204 for ease of manufacture, installation, and maintenance.

[0041] The first sub-clamp 224a is adjustablely connected to an adjustable web pad 234 configured to engage the web 136. The adjustable web pad 234 is adjustable in the y-direction via a threaded adjuster 226 and spaced apart from the first sub-clamp 224a by a gap 222 to accommodate different manufacturing tolerances and ensure proper pressure is applied to the web 136 during use. The second sub-clamp 224b includes a fixed web pad 240 configured to engage the side of the web 136 opposite to the adjustable web pad 234. Some embodiments may include two adjustable web pads instead of an adjustable web pad and a fixed web pad.

[0042] Adjustable web pad 234 and fixed web pad 240 are each configured to directly contact the web 136. Therefore, the web-facing portion of each web pad may be at least partially formed of a relatively soft material (e.g., Delrin 527UV, EPDM, or similar materials) to prevent damage to the upper strut structural member 132. For example, each of the adjustable web pad 234 and fixed pad 240 may include a relatively soft contact pad formed of one of the aforementioned materials. Unless otherwise explicitly stated, any component and any cover assembly (e.g., any contact pad or contact surface) configured herein to directly contact the structural members of the landing gear system may be at least partially formed of one of the relatively soft materials described above. It should be understood that any component configured to clamp onto or abut against a structural member may include a contact pad formed of such a material, even if not explicitly stated. For strength, each of the adjustable web pad 234 and the fixed pad 240 may have a reinforcing member made of one or more relatively high-strength materials (e.g., 17-4PH steel or similar materials), or may be adjacent to another member made of such material.

[0043] The flange clamp 220 is adjustablely connected to the first sub-clamp 224a and the second sub-clamp 224b via threaded adjustment members 210a and 210b. The first sub-clamp 224a includes a first abutment portion 232a, and the second sub-clamp 224b includes a second abutment portion 232b. Each of the first abutment portion 232a and the second abutment portion 232b includes a relatively soft contact pad as described above. In use, the threaded adjustment members 210a and 210b can be adjusted such that the flange clamp 220, the first abutment portion 232a, and the second abutment portion 232b are clamped onto the upper flange 140. As shown, the flange clamp 220 is spaced from the first sub-clamp 224a and the second sub-clamp 224b by gaps 236a and 236b to accommodate different manufacturing tolerances and ensure that appropriate pressure is applied to the upper flange 140 in use. In the illustrated embodiment, the flange clamp 220 also includes a contact pad.

[0044] Figure 2D Representative mechanisms for fixing the cover assembly to the y and z positions relative to the structural member are shown. Specifically, Figure 2D This diagram illustrates how the lower support bracket 208 is fixed in position relative to the upper strut structural member 132 in the y and z directions using a locking mechanism 250. The lower support bracket 208 is unrestrained in the x direction. The upper support bracket 204 is fixed in its z position using a locking mechanism similar to locking mechanism 250. The locking mechanism 250, described below with respect to the lower support bracket 208, interfaces with the outer flange 146 of the upper strut structural member 132, which is formed as a lug. However, similar locking mechanisms can be configured to interface with other flanges.

[0045] The locking mechanism 250 includes a plurality of L-shaped locking arms 254a, 254b and rocker bushings 256a, 256b. Each locking arm 254a, 254b mates with one of the rocker bushings 256a, 256b and is adjustablely fixed to the T-shaped portion 214 of the lower support bracket 208 by one of the adjusting bolts 258a, 258b. Each locking arm 254a, 254b has flanged ends 260a, 260b configured to contact the outer flange 146 of the upper strut structural member 132.

[0046] In a non-limiting exemplary embodiment, the locking arms 254a, 254b (in addition to the clamps, bridging members, and support rods described herein) are at least partially formed of a high-strength material, such as 300M steel or similar materials. The rocker arm bushings 256a, 256b are at least partially formed of, for example, AlNi bronze or similar materials. In one embodiment, the flange ends 260a, 260b have optional contact pads formed of silicone rubber or similar materials to protect the upper strut structural member 132.

[0047] The locking mechanism 250 also includes a plurality of strut fittings 262a, 262b configured to be in a y-position relative to the structural member fixing cover assembly. Specifically, the strut fittings 262a, 262b are connected to the lower support bracket 208 such that, in use, the strut fittings 262a, 262b are located on opposite sides of the web 136 of the upper strut structural member 132. Each strut fitting 262a, 262b includes at least one web contact portion 266a, 266b and at least one outer flange contact portion 268a, 268b. The illustrated strut fittings 262a, 262b each include two outer flange contacts. The web contacts 266a, 266b are configured to restrict y-axis movement, while the outer flange contacts 268a, 268b are configured to further restrict z-axis movement. The strut fittings 262a and 262b are, for example, at least in part formed of one or more materials (e.g., 7075 aluminum alloy or similar materials) having relatively high strength and relatively light weight.

[0048] In use, locking arms 254a, 254b cooperate with strut fittings 262a, 262b to restrain the movement of the upper strut structural member 132 relative to the lower support bracket 208 in the y and z directions. To accommodate different manufacturing tolerances and to ensure appropriate pressure is applied to the upper strut structural member 132, each locking arm 254a, 254b is adjustable. Specifically, tightening the adjusting bolts 258a, 258b causes each locking arm 254a, 254b to pivot about its base ends 264a, 264b.

[0049] Therefore, the upper support bracket 204 of the upper strut cover assembly 200 is as follows: Figure 2C As shown, it is fixed in the x and y directions, and utilizes a method similar to... Figure 2D The locking mechanism shown is fixed in the z-direction. The lower support bracket 208 of the upper strut cover assembly 200 is unrestricted in the x-direction and is used as follows: Figure 2D The locking mechanism shown is fixed in the y and z directions.

[0050] Reference Figures 2A to 2D The installation method for the cover assembly 200 is as follows. This is achieved by partially tightening the web clamp 216, flange clamp 220, and similar clamps. Figure 2DThe locking mechanism 250 loosely mounts the upper support bracket 204 onto the upper strut structural member 132. By partially tightening the locking mechanism 250, the lower support bracket 208 is loosely mounted onto the upper strut structural member 132. With the lower support bracket 208 moving freely in the x-direction, a portion of the cover 212 is installed between the upper support bracket 204 and the lower support bracket 208 to determine the correct distance between the two support brackets 204, 208. Once the correct distance is determined, the clamps and locking mechanisms of each support bracket 204, 208 are fully tightened to the correct tightness. Additionally, the remaining portion of cover 212(one or more) is installed to complete the installation.

[0051] Once these steps are completed, the upper strut cover assembly 200 is fully installed on the upper strut structural member 132. That is, the upper support bracket 204 is as follows: Figure 2C As shown, it is constrained relative to the upper strut structural member 132 in the x and y directions, and utilizes... Figure 2D The locking mechanism 250 shown is similar to a mechanism that is constrained in the z-direction. The lower support bracket 208 is unconstrained in the x-direction but constrained in both the y and z-directions, as shown. Figure 2D As shown, this allows for thermal expansion and contraction. To remove the cover assembly 200, the reverse process can be performed. Other cover assemblies described herein can be installed / removed using a similar method.

[0052] Figure 3A Another representative mechanism for fixing the y-position of the housing assembly relative to the structural member is shown. Specifically, Figure 3A A portion of the lower strut cover assembly 300 is shown, which prevents movement of the lower strut structural member or link 150 relative to the lower strut cover assembly 300 in the y-direction. Similar to the upper strut cover assembly 200, the lower strut cover assembly 300 includes an upper support bracket (not shown) and a lower support bracket 308 configured to support a cover 312 having an aerodynamic vane shape. Although not shown in detail, the upper support bracket is unrestricted in the x-direction and utilizes a similar... Figure 2D The locking mechanism shown restricts its y and z positions.

[0053] Figure 3AA lower support bracket 308 is shown, which is restricted in the x, y, and z directions. Multiple strut fittings 310a, 310b are connected to the lower support bracket 308 such that, in use, the strut fittings 310a, 310b are positioned on opposite sides of the web 154 of the lower strut structural member 150. The strut fitting 310a is adjustablely connected to an adjustable web pad 316a via at least one adjusting member 314. The strut fitting 310b is connected to a fixed web pad 316b. The two web pads 316a, 316b are configured to engage the web 154. The adjustable web pad 316a is spaced from the strut fitting 310a by a gap 318 to accommodate different manufacturing tolerances and ensure appropriate pressure is applied to the web 154 in use. The fixed web pad 316b is configured to engage the side of the web 154 opposite to the adjustable web pad 316a. Some embodiments may include two adjustable web pads instead of one adjustable web pad and one fixed web pad. The two web pads 316a, 316b are configured to directly contact the web 154.

[0054] Figure 3B Another representative mechanism for fixing the cover assembly to the x and y positions relative to the structural member is shown. Specifically, Figure 3B Another view shows the lower support bracket 308 and the strut fitting 310b. The strut fitting 310b includes a protrusion 320 extending at least in the x-direction away from the lower support bracket 308 (see also...). Figure 3A A pair of U-shaped clamps 322a and 322b are detachably connected to the protrusion 320. In use, the clamps 322a and 322b clamp onto the structural element 158 ​​connected to the lower support rod structural member 150. In this way, the clamps 322a and 322b prevent the lower support bracket 308 and the lower support rod cover assembly 300 from moving relative to the lower support rod structural member 150 in the x-direction or y-direction.

[0055] Therefore, the lower support bracket 308 of the lower strut cover assembly 300 is as follows: Figure 3A and Figure 3B As shown, it is fixed in the x and y directions, and utilizes a method similar to... Figure 2D The locking mechanism shown is fixed in the z-direction. The upper support bracket of the lower strut cover assembly 300, although not shown in detail, is unrestricted in the x-direction and utilizes a similar mechanism. Figure 2D The locking mechanism shown is restricted in the y and z directions.

[0056] The aforementioned side strut cover assemblies 200 and 300 are typically configured to connect with a closed web structure shape (e.g., the upper side strut structure member 132 is an I-beam). However, Figures 1 to 3BSome mechanisms shown in the diagrams regarding side strut assemblies 200 and 300 are also configured for use with open web (i.e., trapezoidal) structural shapes. By comparison, resistance strut assemblies 400 and 500, and some of their mechanisms, are generally configured to engage with open web structural shapes, as will be described in more detail below. However, Figures 4A to 4C Some of the mechanisms shown in the upper resistance strut cover assembly 400 (similar to the lower resistance strut cover assembly 500) are also configured for use with a closed web structure shape.

[0057] Figure 4A An example of an upper resistance strut cover assembly 400 is shown, which is configured to have flanges at both ends (e.g., Figure 4B The end flange 168 shown in the figure) and the two outer flanges (e.g. Figure 4C The upper drag strut structural member or connecting rod 160 connects the open web 164 extending between the outer flanges 172 shown in the diagram. Similar to the upper strut cover assembly 200 and the lower strut cover assembly 300, the upper drag strut cover assembly 400 includes an upper support bracket 420 and a lower support bracket 424. Both the upper support bracket 420 and the lower support bracket 424 are configured to support a cover 428 having an aerodynamic blade shape. The lower support bracket 424 is restricted in the x, y, and z directions, while the upper support bracket 420 is unrestricted in the x direction.

[0058] Figure 4B A representative mechanism is shown, configured to fix the cover assembly in the x and y positions relative to the structural member. Specifically, Figure 4B This is a partial sectional view showing how the lower support bracket 424 is positioned relative to the upper resistance strut structural member 160 in the x and y directions. In this respect, the lower support bracket 424 includes a web clamp 432 and a flange clamp 436. The web clamp 432 adjustably clamps the web 164 of the upper resistance strut structural member 160.

[0059] The web clamp 432 includes a fixed web pad 434 configured to engage opposite sides of the open web 164 and an adjustable web pad 438. The adjustable web pad 438 is connected to the fixed web pad 434 via a threaded adjustment member 440 configured to extend through the open web 164 (compared to the web clamp 216 described above with respect to the upper strut cover assembly 200 which does not extend through the web). Some embodiments may include multiple threaded adjustment members, for example, to facilitate a more even distribution of pressure on the upper resistance strut structural member 160. The adjustable web pad 438 can be adjusted relative to the fixed web pad 434 to accommodate different manufacturing tolerances and ensure appropriate pressure is applied to the open web 164 during use.

[0060] The flange clamp 436 is configured to adjustably clamp onto the end flange 168 of the upper resistance strut structural member 160. Specifically, the flange clamp 436 is adjustably connected to the lower support bracket 424 via two adjusting members 444a, 444b. Additionally, a pair of abutments 448a, 448b are connected to the lower support bracket 424 such that, in use, the abutments 448a, 448b are positioned on opposite sides of the web 164 (relative to each other) and on the opposite side of the end flange 168 relative to the flange clamp 436. In use, the flange clamp 436 and the abutments 448a, 448b abut against the lower flange 168 for clamping. Each abutment 448a, 448b may include relatively soft contact pads as described above. The flange clamp 436 not only performs an important clamping function but also serves as a connecting bridge / support rod to increase the strength of the lower support bracket 424.

[0061] Figure 4C Other representative mechanisms for fixing the cover assembly to the y and z positions relative to the structural member are shown. Specifically, Figure 4C Another aspect of the lower support bracket 424 is shown, including the web clamp 432 and flange clamp 450 described above. As described above, the web clamp 432 fixes the lower support bracket 424 in the y-direction position relative to the upper resistance strut structural member 160. The flange clamp 450 fixes the lower support bracket 424 in the z-direction position relative to the upper resistance strut structural member 160. The flange clamp 450 is structurally similar to the flange clamp 436 described above. However, the flange clamp 450 is configured to clamp the outer flange of the structural support member, while the flange clamps 220 and 436 are configured to clamp flanges (e.g., lugs) located at the ends of the structural members. Therefore, the flange clamp 450 can be referred to as an outer flange clamp.

[0062] In one embodiment, the flange clamp 450 is adjustably connected to the integral flange 458 of the lower support bracket 424 via two adjusting members 460a, 460b. The integral flange 458 includes a pair of integrally formed abutment portions 462a, 462b configured to be positioned on opposite sides of the web 164 of the upper resistance strut structural member 160. The flange clamp 450 and the abutment portions 462a, 462b are configured to engage opposite sides of the outer flange 172 of the upper resistance strut structural member 160.

[0063] Therefore, the lower support bracket 424 of the upper resistance strut cover assembly 400 is fixed relative to the upper resistance strut structural member 160 at the x and y positions, as follows: Figure 4B and Figure 4C As shown, and fixed at the z position, as... Figure 4C As shown. The upper support bracket 420 is unrestricted in the x-direction and utilizes a similar design. Figure 4C The mechanism shown is restricted in the y and z directions.

[0064] Although not described in detail, Figure 1 The lower resistance strut cover assembly 500 shown includes a lower support bracket and an upper support bracket, which are configured to connect to structural members and support the pneumatic cover. Similar to the lower support bracket 424 of the upper resistance strut cover assembly 400, the lower support bracket of the lower resistance strut cover assembly 500 utilizes a... Figure 4B and Figure 4C The mechanism shown is similar to those of its corresponding structural members, which are restricted in the x, y, and z positions. Similar to the upper support bracket 420 of the upper resistance strut cover assembly 400, the upper support bracket of the lower resistance strut cover assembly 500 is unrestricted in the x-direction and utilizes... Figure 4C The mechanism shown is similar to a mechanism used to limit its position along the y and z directions.

[0065] Therefore, the present invention provides a cowling assembly that can be coupled to structural components of an aircraft landing gear system to reduce aerodynamic noise. Each cowling assembly typically includes an aerodynamic cowling that can be coupled to a first support bracket and a second support bracket. The first support bracket includes one or more mechanisms for fixing its y-position and z-position relative to the structural component, and the second support bracket includes one or more mechanisms for fixing its x-position, y-position, and z-position relative to the structural component. This configuration allows, for example, the aerodynamic cowling to expand / contract (e.g., thermal expansion) and facilitates installation and maintenance.

[0066] In one embodiment, a film (e.g., a polyester film) may be used to protect the sides of the contact shield and / or the surface of the resistance strut. An example of a polyester film that can be applied to such surfaces includes biaxially oriented polyethylene terephthalate.

[0067] While exemplary embodiments have been illustrated and described, it should be understood that various changes may be made therein without departing from the spirit and scope of the claimed subject matter. For example, a support bracket fixed relative to a structural member at the x, y, and z positions may be integrally formed with the structural member (e.g., a single casting) rather than a separate support bracket. In the foregoing description, specific details have been set forth to provide a thorough understanding of representative embodiments of the invention. However, it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that the embodiments disclosed herein can be practiced without detailing all the specific details. In some instances, well-known process steps have not been described in detail so as not to unnecessarily obscure various aspects of the invention. Furthermore, it will be understood that embodiments of the invention may employ any combination of the features described herein.

[0068] As used herein, the term "upper" means "closer to the aircraft body in the landing gear deployed position," and the term "lower" means "farther from the aircraft body in the landing gear deployed position." These terms are intended for ease of understanding and not to limit the orientation or configuration of the system in practice. For example, unless explicitly limited, features described as being located on or near the "upper" or "lower" end may, in other embodiments, be located on or near the "lower" or "upper" end, respectively.

[0069] Furthermore, it should be noted that, for the purposes of this invention, terms such as “end,” “inner,” and “outer,” etc., should be interpreted descriptively rather than limiting the scope of the claimed subject matter. Furthermore, the use of “comprising,” “including,” or “having,” and variations thereof herein is intended to cover the items listed thereafter and their equivalents, as well as additional items. Unless otherwise limited, the terms “connection,” “link,” and “installation,” and variations thereof, are used extensively herein and cover direct and indirect connections, links, and installations.

[0070] This application may also refer to quantities and numbers. Unless otherwise stated, these quantities and numbers should not be considered limiting, but rather represent possible quantities or numbers associated with this application. Similarly, in this respect, the term "multiple" may be used to refer to quantities or numbers. In this respect, the term "multiple" means any number more than one, such as two, three, four, five, etc. The terms "approximately," "approximately," "close to," etc., refer to plus or minus 5% of the stated value. For the purposes of this invention, the phrase "at least one of A, B, and C" means, for example, (A), (B), (C), (A and B), (A and C), (B and C), or (A, B, and C), including all other possible permutations when more than three elements are listed.

[0071] The principles, representative embodiments, and modes of operation of the invention have been described in the foregoing description. However, the aspects of the invention intended for protection should not be construed as limited to the specific embodiments disclosed. Furthermore, the embodiments described herein should be considered illustrative rather than restrictive. It should be understood that changes and modifications can be made by others, and equivalents can be employed, without departing from the spirit of the invention. Therefore, it is expressly contemplated that all such changes, modifications, and equivalents fall within the spirit and scope of the invention as claimed.

Claims

1. A canopy assembly for an aircraft landing gear, the aircraft landing gear having an I-beam structural member, the canopy assembly comprising: A pneumatic cover having a first end and a second end; A first support bracket assembly, configured to connect to the I-beam structural member of the aircraft landing gear and support the first end of the aerodynamic cowling, is configured to have first positions fixed relative to the I-beam structural member in the x, y, and z directions, wherein the x-direction is substantially parallel to the longitudinal direction of the I-beam structural member, the y-direction is perpendicular to the x-direction, and the z-direction is perpendicular to both the x and y directions. The first support bracket assembly has a first clamp configured to abut against the I-beam structural member to clamp the first support bracket assembly relative to the I-beam structural member in the x-direction; and The second support bracket assembly is configured to support the second end of the pneumatic cover and has a second position fixed relative to the I-beam structural member in the y-direction and the z-direction. The second support bracket assembly is configured to remain unconstrained relative to the I-beam structural member in the x-direction.

2. The cover assembly according to claim 1, characterized in that, The first support bracket assembly and the second support bracket assembly are each configured to form a rounded shoulder that extends from the first end and the second end of the pneumatic cover along the x-direction, respectively.

3. The cover assembly according to claim 1, characterized in that, The pneumatic cover has a length extending between a leading edge and a trailing edge, a height extending between an upper surface and a lower surface, and a ratio of the height to the length between about 1.0 and about 0.

1.

4. The cover assembly according to claim 3, characterized in that, The ratio of the height to the length is between about 0.5 and about 0.

25.

5. The cover assembly according to claim 3, characterized in that, The ratio of the height to the length is approximately 0.

33.

6. The cover assembly according to claim 1, characterized in that, The first clamp is configured to use one of an end flange clamp and a U-shaped clamp to fix the first position of the first support bracket assembly along the x-direction.

7. The cover assembly according to claim 1, characterized in that, The first support bracket assembly is configured to use either a web clamp or a U-shaped clamp to fix the first support bracket assembly at the first position along the y-direction.

8. The cover assembly according to claim 7, characterized in that, The first support bracket assembly is configured to use the web clamp to fix the first support bracket assembly at the first position along the y direction, wherein the web clamp is configured to extend through the web of the I-beam structural member.

9. The cover assembly according to claim 7, characterized in that, The first support bracket assembly is configured to use the web clamp to fix the first support bracket assembly at the first position along the y direction, wherein the web clamp includes a sub-clamp adjustablely connected to an adjustable web pad, the adjustable web pad and the sub-clamp being configured to remain separated by a gap when the adjustable web pad clamps the web of the I-beam structural member.

10. The cover assembly according to claim 7, characterized in that, The first support bracket assembly is configured to secure the first position of the first support bracket assembly along the z-direction using one of an external flange clamp and a locking mechanism having a locking arm, the locking arm being configured to contact the external flange of the I-beam structural member.

11. The cover assembly according to claim 10, characterized in that, The second support bracket assembly is configured to use a second web clamp to fix the second support bracket assembly in the second position along the y direction.

12. The cover assembly according to claim 11, characterized in that, The second support bracket assembly is configured to secure the second position of the second support bracket assembly along the z-direction using one of a second outer flange clamp and a second locking mechanism having a second locking arm.

13. The cover assembly according to claim 1, characterized in that, The first clamp is an end flange clamp that is adjustablely connected to the first sub-clamp and the second sub-clamp.

14. The cover assembly according to claim 13, characterized in that, The first clamp is configured to remain separated from the first sub-clamp by a gap when the first clamp is clamped to the end flange of the I-beam structural member.

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