A frustum-shaped spoke-type shield cutter head

Abstract

A frustum-shaped spoke-type shield cutter head. The cutter head body is frustum-shaped. An annular cross beam, multiple spokes and multiple small panels are arranged on the cutter head body. A frustum small tabletop and a frustum side surface are arranged on the cutter head body. Multiple cutters, pilot cutters and scrapers are arranged on the frustum small tabletop and the frustum side surface. Multiple high-pressure water spray nozzles are arranged on the cutter head body. One end of the small panel is connected to the edge of the large frustum tabletop. A center fishtail cutter is arranged on the frustum small tabletop. Small panel openings are arranged on the small panel. The spokes are composed of frustum small tabletop spokes and frustum side surface spokes. The frustum small tabletop spokes are arranged on the frustum small tabletop, and the frustum side surface spokes are arranged on the frustum side surface. The side projection of this invention is an isosceles trapezoid, which can effectively reduce the frictional resistance, reduce the tunneling thrust and improve the tunneling efficiency. The frustum small tabletop of the cutter head body is a plane circle, which is beneficial to controlling the balance of water and soil pressure and improving the tunneling stability. It is applied in the fields of tunnel engineering and mechanical equipment technology.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to a frustum-shaped spoke-type shield cutter head in the technical fields of tunnel engineering and mechanical equipment. Background Art

[0002] China is developing rapidly. With the continuous increase of urban population, the construction of infrastructure has been continuously strengthened. Most cities have begun to develop and utilize underground space, and the role of shield machines has become increasingly obvious. They have been widely used in tunnel projects such as subways, municipal works, railways, and highways. The shield machine has a complex structure and many systems. It is a highly mechanized and automated tunneling and lining complete set of equipment that integrates technologies such as machinery, electricity, materials, information, hydraulics, lasers, and control. Currently, most shield machines adopt a planar cutter head structure. Because of its simple structure and ability to meet most tunneling requirements, it has been widely used. The cutter head of the shield machine has the functions of tunneling and excavating soil and stabilizing the working face. To meet the excavation requirements of different projects and improve the tunneling efficiency, special-shaped cutter heads have begun to be designed and applied. Among them, the conical cutter head with a cone apex angle of 90° can reduce the frictional resistance and thus the tunneling thrust under the same conditions compared with the planar cutter head, thereby improving the tunneling efficiency. However, since it directly excavates the soil with the cone apex angle, it is difficult to control the balance of the water and soil pressure inside the soil bin and the outside world, and it is easy to cause the surface soil to bulge or collapse. Therefore, in the design process of the special-shaped cutter head, it is necessary to meet the tunneling requirements, improve the tunneling efficiency, and ensure the tunneling safety and stability. Therefore, developing a frustum-shaped spoke-type shield cutter head has always been a new urgent problem to be solved. Summary of the Invention

[0003] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a frustum-shaped spoke-type shield cutter head. Aiming at the shortcomings and deficiencies of the prior art and the requirements of the shield cutter head design, the frustum-shaped spoke-type shield cutter head provided by the present invention effectively improves the tunneling efficiency and ensures the tunneling stability.

[0004] The object of the present invention is achieved as follows: A frustum-shaped spoke-type shield cutter head, comprising a cutter head body, an annular cross beam, spokes, small panels, a small frustum tabletop, a frustum side surface, cutting tools, pilot cutters, scraping tools, high-pressure water spray nozzles, a large frustum tabletop, a central fishtail cutter, and small panel openings. The cutter head body is frustum-shaped. An annular cross beam, multiple spokes, and multiple small panels are arranged on the cutter head body. A small frustum tabletop and a frustum side surface are arranged on the cutter head body. Multiple cutting tools, pilot cutters, and scraping tools are arranged on the small frustum tabletop and the frustum side surface. Multiple high-pressure water spray nozzles are arranged on the cutter head body. One end of the small panel is connected to the edge of the large frustum tabletop. A central fishtail cutter is arranged on the small frustum tabletop. Small panel openings are arranged on the small panels. The spokes are composed of small frustum tabletop spokes and frustum side surface spokes. Small frustum tabletop spokes are arranged on the small frustum tabletop. Frustum side surface spokes are arranged on the frustum side surface. The cutting tools are composed of the maximum or minimum polar diameter cutting tools on the small frustum tabletop, other cutting tools on the small frustum tabletop, and starting cutting tools on the frustum side surface. The maximum or minimum polar diameter cutting tools on the small frustum tabletop are arranged on the small frustum tabletop spokes. Other cutting tools on the small frustum tabletop are arranged between two maximum or minimum polar diameter cutting tools on the small frustum tabletop. Starting cutting tools on the frustum side surface are arranged on the frustum side surface spokes. The scraping tools are composed of transverse edge scraping tools and longitudinal edge scraping tools. One transverse edge scraping tool and two longitudinal edge scraping tools are arranged on each small panel. The transverse edge scraping tool is arranged between the two longitudinal edge scraping tools.

[0005] The frustum-shaped side surface of the cutter head body is an isosceles trapezoid. The length of the upper base of the isosceles trapezoid is half of the length of the lower base. The diameter of the small frustum tabletop is half of the diameter of the large frustum tabletop. The included angle between the upper base and the waist of the isosceles trapezoid on the frustum-shaped side surface of the cutter head body is 135°. The included angle between the lower base and the waist of the isosceles trapezoid on the frustum-shaped side surface of the cutter head body is 45°. The included angle between the extension lines of the two waists is 90°. The small frustum tabletop is a planar circle. Multiple spokes are arranged on the small frustum tabletop. The included angle between the spokes is 60°. Multiple pairs of cutting tools and multiple pilot cutters are arranged on the spokes. The pilot cutters are arranged between each pair of cutting tools. The height of the pilot cutters is greater than the height of the cutting tools. The width of the pilot cutters is less than the width of the cutting tools.

[0006] One central fishtail cutter is arranged on the small frustum tabletop. The central fishtail cutter is coaxial with the cutter head body. The maximum polar diameter at which the cutting tools are arranged is the radius of the small frustum tabletop. The minimum polar diameter is the radius that does not interfere with the central fishtail cutter. One cutting tool is arranged at the maximum and minimum polar diameters on each spoke respectively. The remaining cutting tools are located between the above two cutting tools and are arranged on multiple spokes according to an arithmetic progression with the distance between the maximum and minimum polar diameters, ensuring the overlap degree of the cutting tools cutting the soil. The central fishtail cutter, cutting tools, and pilot cutters on the small frustum tabletop contact the soil first.

[0007] A plurality of spokes and a plurality of small panels are arranged on the side surface of the frustum; the included angle between the spokes on the side surface of the frustum is 60°, and the included angle between the small panels is 60°. One end of each small panel is connected to the edge of the large table surface of the cutter head body, and the other end of each small panel is connected to the annular cross beam; a scraping knife and a high-pressure water spray nozzle are arranged on the small panel;

[0008] The spokes on the side surface of the frustum and the spokes on the small table surface of the frustum are an integral body. The cutting knives arranged on the spokes on the side surface of the frustum are arranged counterclockwise along four Archimedean spirals to ensure the full-section cutting of the cutter head and the equal-life principle of tool wear; the arrangement of the starting cutting knives on the spokes on the side surface of the frustum does not interfere with the arrangement of the cutting knives with the maximum polar radius on the small table surface of the frustum; the connecting line of the cutting edges of the cutting knives arranged on the spokes on the side surface of the frustum is a straight line and is parallel to the side surface of the spoke;

[0009] One transverse edge scraping knife and two longitudinal edge scraping knives are arranged on each small panel. The transverse edge scraping knife is arranged between the two longitudinal edge scraping knives. The height and width of the transverse edge scraping knife are both larger than the height and width of the longitudinal edge scraping knife; a small panel opening is arranged on each small panel, and its projection is an isosceles trapezoidal ring. The size of the small panel opening is larger on the outer side of the cutter head than on the inner side, facilitating the inflow of muck into the soil bin; two groups of high-pressure water spray nozzles are arranged on each small panel to play a role in flushing the cutter head and assisting in breaking soil; each group of high-pressure water spray nozzles is provided with a plurality of high-pressure water spray nozzles, and the high-pressure water spray nozzles are arranged on both sides of the opening; the connecting line of the centers of the plurality of high-pressure water spray nozzles in each group is a straight line and is parallel to the side surface of the small panel;

[0010] A total of one center fishtail knife, multiple pairs of cutting knives, multiple leading knives, multiple transverse edge scraping knives, multiple longitudinal edge scraping knives and multiple high-pressure water spray nozzles are installed on the cutter head body; the small table surface and the side surface of the frustum-shaped spoke-type shield cutter head are the water and soil pressure balance surfaces;

[0011] The working principle of the frustum-shaped spoke-type shield cutterhead is that it can effectively improve the tunneling efficiency and ensure the tunneling stability. When the cutterhead is designed as a conical shape, the envelope line of the cutterhead tools is conical, and the side projection is triangular. When the cutterhead diameter and tunneling conditions are the same, compared with the flat circular cutterhead, it can reduce a certain amount of frictional force and the forward thrust during tunneling. The reduction of the cutterhead thrust will inevitably reduce the rotational frictional resistance moment of the cutterhead and the driving torque of the cutterhead, thus improving the tunneling efficiency. When the cone apex angle of the cutterhead is 90°, the side projection is an isosceles right triangle, and the relative reduction of the thrust is the largest, and the effect of improving the tunneling efficiency is the best. To better control the balance of water and soil pressure, the conical cutterhead is changed to a frustum-shaped cutterhead. The envelope line of the cutterhead tools is frustum-shaped, and the side projection is an isosceles trapezoid. The angle between the lower base and the waist is 45°, and the angle between the upper base and the waist is 135°. The diameter of the small circular table surface is half of the diameter of the large circular table surface. The small circular table surface is a flat circle and directly contacts the soil body, just like the working surface of a flat circular cutterhead. While improving the tunneling efficiency, it can effectively control the balance of water and soil pressure and ensure the tunneling stability.

[0012] The key point of the present invention lies in its structure and working principle.

[0013] Compared with the prior art, a frustum-shaped spoke-type shield cutterhead has the following advantages:

[0014] (1) The frustum-shaped spoke-type shield cutterhead proposed by the present invention has an isosceles trapezoid as its side projection, and the included angle between the extended lines of the two waists is 90°, which can effectively reduce the frictional resistance, reduce the tunneling thrust, and improve the tunneling efficiency.

[0015] (2) The small circular table surface of the frustum of the cutterhead body is a flat circle, which is beneficial to controlling the balance of water and soil pressure and improving the tunneling stability; the surface area of the cutterhead body where the tools are arranged is relatively large, and there are cutter knives, pilot knives, center fishtail knives, transverse edge scrapers and longitudinal edge scrapers arranged. Among them, the cutter knives on the side of the cutterhead body are arranged counterclockwise along multiple Archimedean spirals, meeting the full-section cutting of the cutterhead and the equal-life principle of tool wear.

[0016] (3) The cutterhead body includes multiple high-pressure water spray nozzles, which can play the roles of flushing the cutterhead, assisting in breaking the soil and cooling the excavation tools.

[0017] It will be widely applied in the fields of tunnel engineering and mechanical equipment technology. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0018] The present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the drawings and embodiments.

[0019] Figure 1 is a three-dimensional view of the present invention.

[0020] Figure 2 It is a structural schematic diagram of the present invention.

[0021] Figure 3 is Figure 2 the left view of.

[0022] Figure 4 It is a structural schematic diagram of the small tabletop part of the frustum of the present invention.

[0023] Figure 5 is the three-dimensional Figure 1 .

[0024] Figure 6 is the three-dimensional Figure 2 .

[0025] Figure 7 It is a three-dimensional view of the spoke part of the present invention.

[0026] Figure 8 is the working principle of the present invention Figure 1 .

[0027] Figure 9 is the working principle of the present invention Figure 2 . Specific embodiments

[0028] Referring to the attached drawings, a frustum-shaped spoke-type shield cutter head includes a cutter head body 1, an annular cross beam 2, spokes 3, small panels 4, a frustum small tabletop 5, a frustum side surface 6, cutting knives 7, pilot knives 8, scraping knives 9, high-pressure water spray nozzles 10, a frustum large tabletop 11, a center fishtail knife 12, and small panel openings 13. The cutter head body 1 is frustum-shaped. An annular cross beam 2, multiple spokes 3, and multiple small panels 4 are arranged on the cutter head body 1. A frustum small tabletop 5 and a frustum side surface 6 are arranged on the cutter head body 1. Multiple cutting knives 7, pilot knives 8, and scraping knives 9 are arranged on the frustum small tabletop 5 and the frustum side surface 6. Multiple high-pressure water spray nozzles 10 are arranged on the cutter head body 1. One end of the small panel 4 is connected to the edge of the frustum large tabletop 11. A center fishtail knife 12 is arranged on the frustum small tabletop 5. Small panel openings 13 are arranged on the small panel 4. The spokes 3 are composed of frustum small tabletop spokes 3-1 and frustum side surface spokes 3-2. The frustum small tabletop spokes 3-1 are arranged on the frustum small tabletop 5, and the frustum side surface spokes 3-2 are arranged on the frustum side surface 6. The cutting knives 7 are composed of frustum small tabletop maximum or minimum polar diameter cutting knives 7-1, frustum small tabletop other cutting knives 7-2, and frustum side surface starting cutting knives 7-3. The frustum small tabletop maximum or minimum polar diameter cutting knives 7-1 are arranged on the frustum small tabletop spokes 3-1. The frustum small tabletop other cutting knives 7-2 are arranged between two frustum small tabletop maximum or minimum polar diameter cutting knives 7-1. The frustum side surface starting cutting knives 7-3 are arranged on the frustum side surface spokes 3-2. The scraping knives 9 are composed of transverse edge scraping knives 9-1 and longitudinal edge scraping knives 9-2. One transverse edge scraping knife 9-1 and two longitudinal edge scraping knives 9-2 are arranged on each small panel 4. The transverse edge scraping knife 9-1 is arranged between the two longitudinal edge scraping knives 9-2.

[0029] The frustum-shaped side surface of the cutter head body 1 is an isosceles trapezoid. The length of the upper base of the isosceles trapezoid is half of the length of the lower base. The diameter of the frustum small tabletop 5 is half of the diameter of the frustum large tabletop 11. The included angle between the upper base and the waist of the isosceles trapezoid on the frustum-shaped side surface of the cutter head body 1 is 135°. The included angle between the lower base and the waist of the isosceles trapezoid on the frustum-shaped side surface of the cutter head body 1 is 45°. The included angle between the extended lines of the two waists is 90°. The frustum small tabletop 5 is a planar circle. Multiple spokes 3 are arranged on the frustum small tabletop 5. The included angle between the spokes 3 and the spokes 3 is 60°. Multiple pairs of cutting knives 7 and multiple pilot knives 8 are arranged on the spokes 3. The pilot knives 8 are arranged between each pair of cutting knives 7. The height of the pilot knives 8 is greater than the height of the cutting knives 7, and the width of the pilot knives 8 is less than the width of the cutting knives 7.

[0030] A center fishtail cutter 12 is arranged on the small tabletop 5 of the frustum, and the center fishtail cutter 12 is coaxial with the cutter head body 1; the maximum polar radius at which the cutting cutter 7 is arranged is the radius of the small tabletop 5 of the frustum, and the minimum polar radius is the radius that does not interfere with the center fishtail cutter 12. A cutting cutter 7 is arranged at the maximum polar radius and the minimum polar radius on each spoke 3 respectively, and the remaining cutting cutters 7 are located between the above two cutting cutters 7, and are arranged on multiple spokes 3 respectively according to an arithmetic progression based on the distance between the maximum polar radius and the minimum polar radius, so as to ensure the overlap degree of the cutting cutters 7 cutting the soil mass; the center fishtail cutter 12, the cutting cutter 7 and the leading cutter 8 on the small tabletop 5 of the frustum first contact the soil mass.

[0031] Multiple spokes 3 and multiple small panels 4 are arranged on the frustum side 6; the included angle between the frustum side spokes 3-2 is 60°, and the included angle between the small panels 4 is 60°. One end of each small panel 4 is connected to the edge of the large tabletop 11 of the cutter head body 1, and the other end of each small panel 4 is connected to the annular cross beam 2; a scraping cutter 9 and a high-pressure water spray port 10 are arranged on the small panel 4.

[0032] The spokes 3 on the frustum side 6 and the spokes 3 on the small tabletop 5 of the frustum are an integral body. The cutting cutters 7 arranged on the spokes 3 on the frustum side 6 are arranged counterclockwise according to four Archimedean spirals to ensure the full-section cutting of the cutter head and the principle of equal tool life; the starting cutting cutter 7 arranged on the spokes 3 on the frustum side 6 does not interfere with the arrangement of the cutting cutter 7 with the maximum polar radius on the small tabletop 5 of the frustum; the connecting line of the cutting edges of the cutting cutters 7 arranged on the spokes 3 on the frustum side 6 is a straight line and is parallel to the side of the spoke 3.

[0033] One transverse edge scraping cutter 9-1 and two longitudinal edge scraping cutters 9-2 are arranged on each small panel 4. The transverse edge scraping cutter 9-1 is arranged between the two longitudinal edge scraping cutters 9-2. The height and width of the transverse edge scraping cutter 9-1 are both greater than the height and width of the longitudinal edge scraping cutter 9-2; a small panel opening 13 is arranged on each small panel 4, and its projection is an isosceles trapezoidal ring. The size of the small panel opening 13 is larger on the outside of the cutter head than on the inside of the cutter head, which is convenient for the muck to flow into the soil bin; two groups of high-pressure water spray ports 10 are arranged on each small panel 4 to play a role in flushing the cutter head and assisting in breaking the soil; each group of high-pressure water spray ports 10 is provided with multiple high-pressure water spray ports, and the high-pressure water spray ports 10 are arranged on both sides of the opening; the connecting line of the centers of each group of multiple high-pressure water spray ports 10 is a straight line and is parallel to the side of the small panel 4.

[0034] The cutter head body 1 is installed with a total of one center fishtail cutter 12, multiple pairs of cutting cutters 7, multiple leading cutters 8, multiple transverse edge scraping cutters 9 and multiple longitudinal edge scraping cutters 9, as well as multiple high-pressure water spray ports 10; the small tabletop 5 and the frustum side 6 of the frustum-shaped spoke-type shield cutter head are the water and soil pressure balance surfaces.

[0035] The working principle of the frustum-shaped spoke-type shield cutterhead is that the frustum-shaped spoke-type shield cutterhead can effectively improve the tunneling efficiency and ensure the tunneling stability. When the cutterhead is designed as a conical shape, the cutterhead tool envelope is conical, and the side projection is triangular. When the cutterhead diameter and tunneling conditions are the same, compared with the flat circular cutterhead, a certain amount of frictional force can be reduced during tunneling, the forward thrust can be reduced, and the reduction of the cutterhead thrust will inevitably reduce the rotational frictional resistance moment of the cutterhead and the driving moment of the cutterhead, so that the tunneling efficiency can be improved. When the cone apex angle of the cutterhead is 90°, the side projection is an isosceles right triangle, and the relative reduction of the thrust is the largest, and the effect of improving the tunneling efficiency is the best. To better control the balance of water and soil pressure, the conical cutterhead is changed to a frustum-shaped cutterhead. The cutterhead tool envelope is frustum-shaped, and the side projection is an isosceles trapezoid. The angle between the lower base and the waist is 45°, and the angle between the upper base and the waist is 135°. The diameter of the small circular table surface is half of the diameter of the large circular table surface. The small circular table surface is a flat circle and is in direct contact with the soil body, just like the working surface of a flat circular cutterhead. While improving the tunneling efficiency, it can effectively control the balance of water and soil pressure and ensure the tunneling stability.

[0036] Figure 8 In the figure, A represents the cutterhead tool envelope with reduced thrust; B represents the soil body. Figure 9 In the figure, C represents the cutterhead tool envelope with reduced thrust and ensuring stability; B represents the soil body.

Claims

1. A frustum-shaped spoke-type shield cutter head, comprising a cutter head main body, an annular cross beam, spokes, a small panel, a small frustum tabletop, a frustum side surface, cutting knives, pilot knives, scrapers, high-pressure water spray nozzles, a large frustum tabletop, a central fishtail knife, and a small panel opening, characterized in that: The cutter head body is frustum-shaped. An annular cross beam, multiple spokes, and multiple small panels are arranged on the cutter head body. A frustum small tabletop and a frustum side surface are arranged on the cutter head body. Multiple cutters, pilot cutters, and scrapers are arranged on the frustum small tabletop and the frustum side surface. Multiple high-pressure water spray nozzles are arranged on the cutter head body. One end of the small panel is connected to the edge of the large frustum tabletop. A center fishtail cutter is arranged on the frustum small tabletop. A small panel opening is arranged on the small panel; The spokes are composed of frustum small tabletop spokes and frustum side surface spokes. The frustum small tabletop spokes are arranged on the frustum small tabletop, and the frustum side surface spokes are arranged on the frustum side surface; The cutters are composed of frustum small tabletop maximum or minimum polar diameter cutters, frustum small tabletop other cutters, and frustum side surface starting cutters. The frustum small tabletop maximum or minimum polar diameter cutters are arranged on the frustum small tabletop spokes. The frustum small tabletop other cutters are arranged between two frustum small tabletop maximum or minimum polar diameter cutters. The frustum side surface starting cutters are arranged on the frustum side surface spokes; The scrapers are composed of transverse edge scrapers and longitudinal edge scrapers. One transverse edge scraper and two longitudinal edge scrapers are arranged on each small panel. The transverse edge scraper is arranged between the two longitudinal edge scrapers; The frustum-shaped side surface of the cutter head body is an isosceles trapezoid. The length of the upper base of the isosceles trapezoid is half of the length of the lower base. The diameter of the frustum small tabletop is half of the diameter of the frustum large tabletop. The included angle between the upper base and the waist of the isosceles trapezoid on the frustum-shaped side surface of the cutter head body is 135°. The included angle between the lower base and the waist of the isosceles trapezoid on the frustum-shaped side surface of the cutter head body is 45°. The included angle between the extension lines of the two waists is 90°; The frustum small tabletop is a planar circle. Multiple spokes are arranged on the frustum small tabletop. The included angle between the spokes is 60°. Multiple pairs of cutters and multiple pilot cutters are arranged on the spokes. The pilot cutters are arranged between each pair of cutters. The height of the pilot cutters is greater than the height of the cutters, and the width of the pilot cutters is less than the width of the cutters; One transverse edge scraper and two longitudinal edge scrapers are arranged on each small panel. The transverse edge scraper is arranged between the two longitudinal edge scrapers. The height and width of the transverse edge scraper are both greater than the height and width of the longitudinal edge scraper; A small panel opening is arranged on each small panel. Its projection is an isosceles trapezoidal ring. The size of the small panel opening is larger on the outer side of the cutter head than on the inner side of the cutter head, facilitating the inflow of muck into the soil bin; Two groups of high-pressure water spray nozzles are arranged on each small panel, playing a role in flushing the cutter head and assisting in breaking soil; Each group of high-pressure water spray nozzles has multiple high-pressure water spray nozzles. The high-pressure water spray nozzles are arranged on both sides of the opening; The center connection line of each group of multiple high-pressure water spray nozzles is a straight line and is parallel to the side surface of the small panel.

2. The frustum-shaped spoke-type shield cutter head according to claim 1, wherein: A center fishtail cutter is arranged on the small tabletop of the frustum, and the center fishtail cutter is coaxial with the cutter head body; the maximum polar radius of the arrangement of the cutting knives is the radius of the small tabletop of the frustum, and the minimum polar radius is the radius that does not interfere with the center fishtail cutter. A cutting knife is arranged at the maximum polar radius and the minimum polar radius on each spoke respectively, and the remaining cutting knives are located between the above two cutting knives. They are arranged on multiple spokes respectively according to an arithmetic progression with the distance between the maximum polar radius and the minimum polar radius to ensure the overlap degree of the cutting knives cutting the soil body; the center fishtail cutter, the cutting knives and the pilot knives on the small tabletop of the frustum first contact the soil body.

3. A frustum-shaped spoke-type shield cutter head according to claim 1, characterized in that: Multiple spokes and multiple small panels are arranged on the side surface of the frustum; the included angle between the spokes on the side surface of the frustum is 60°, and the included angle between the small panels is 60°. One end of each of the small panels is connected to the edge of the large tabletop of the frustum of the cutter head body, and the other end of each small panel is connected to the annular cross beam; scrapers and high-pressure water spray nozzles are arranged on the small panels.

4. A frustum-shaped spoke-type shield cutter head according to claim 1, characterized in that: The spokes on the side surface of the frustum and the spokes on the small tabletop of the frustum are an integral body. The cutting knives arranged on the spokes on the side surface of the frustum are arranged counterclockwise according to four Archimedean spirals to ensure the full-section cutting of the cutter head and the principle of equal tool life for tool wear; the arrangement of the starting cutting knives on the spokes on the side surface of the frustum does not interfere with the arrangement of the cutting knives with the maximum polar radius on the small tabletop of the frustum; the connecting line of the cutting edges of the cutting knives arranged on the spokes on the side surface of the frustum is a straight line and is parallel to the side surface of the spoke.

5. A frustum-shaped spoke-type shield cutter head according to claim 1, characterized in that: The cutter head body is installed with a total of one center fishtail cutter, multiple pairs of cutting knives, multiple pilot knives, multiple transverse edge scrapers, multiple longitudinal edge scrapers and multiple high-pressure water spray nozzles; the small tabletop and the side surface of the frustum-shaped spoke-type shield cutter head are the water and soil pressure balance surfaces.

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