Reflection device, reflection combination device and device base installation method for measuring blind area

Abstract

The present application provides a reflection device, a reflection combination device and a method for installing a device base for measuring blind spots. The lower surface of the magnetic seat of the reflection device is used to be adsorbed on the surface of the device base. The first end of the column is fixedly connected to the upper surface of the magnetic seat, and the extension direction of the column is perpendicular to the upper surface of the magnetic seat. The lower side of the bearing seat is rotatably connected to the second end of the column, and the rotation plane of the bearing seat is perpendicular to the extension direction of the column. The laser reflection target is rotatably mounted on the bearing seat, and the rotation plane of the laser reflection target is perpendicular to the rotation plane of the bearing seat. The locking device is used to lock the bearing seat so that its position relative to the column is fixed, and is used to lock the laser reflection target so that its position relative to the bearing seat is fixed. When the magnetic seat is adsorbed on the surface of the device base in the measurement blind spot, the length of the column is sufficient to make the laser reflection target outside the measurement blind spot. The technical solution of the present application can convert the coordinates of the device base in the measurement blind spot into the coordinates of the laser reflection target located in the measurement field of view.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of ship equipment installation, and in particular to a reflection device, a reflection combination device and a method for installing an equipment base for measuring a blind area. Background Art

[0002] Some special ships are equipped with a large number of high-precision electronic equipment. Due to the requirements of actual use conditions, many electronic equipment need to be installed in unconventional ways, such as embedded, set, inclined, etc. In addition, in order to ensure a longer line of sight for the electronic equipment, they need to be installed at the highest point of the ship, which makes the measurement of the precision bases used to install these electronic equipment more difficult.

[0003] For the measurement and installation of ship equipment bases, a total station is generally used to measure the equipment base and make corresponding adjustments and installations. Figure 1 As shown, for the equipment base installed at a high place on the ship equipment, the hull installation surface is an inclined surface that is concave inward, and the installation surface is in the measurement blind area of ​​the total station. It is difficult to conveniently measure the coordinates, angles, distances, etc. of the equipment base. If accurate data cannot be obtained, the installation accuracy of the equipment base cannot be effectively guaranteed. Summary of the invention

[0004] The purpose of an embodiment of the present application is to provide a reflection device, which can convert the coordinates of the equipment base in the blind spot measurement into the coordinates of the laser reflection target located in the measurement field of view, so as to achieve more accurate measurement and calculation of the coordinate data and orientation data of a certain point on the equipment base, and provide convenience for checking the installation accuracy of the equipment base in the blind spot measurement and adjusting the installation position.

[0005] A second objective of the embodiment of the present application is to provide a reflective combination device using the above-mentioned reflective device.

[0006] The third purpose of the embodiment of the present application is to provide a method for installing a device base for measuring blind areas, which uses the reflection device in the above-mentioned scheme.

[0007] In the first aspect, a reflection device is provided for measuring a device base in a measurement blind area, which includes a magnetic seat, a column, a bearing seat, a laser reflection target and a locking device. The magnetic seat includes an upper surface and a lower surface parallel to each other, and the lower surface is used to be adsorbed on the surface of the device base. The column includes a first end and a second end, and the column extends a predetermined length from the first end to the second end in a straight line. The first end of the column is fixedly connected to the upper surface of the magnetic seat, and the extension direction of the column is perpendicular to the upper surface of the magnetic seat. The lower side of the bearing seat is rotatably connected to the second end of the column, and the rotation plane of the bearing seat is perpendicular to the extension direction of the column. The laser reflection target is rotatably mounted on the bearing seat, and the rotation plane of the laser reflection target is perpendicular to the rotation plane of the bearing seat. The locking device includes a first locking device and a second locking device, the first locking device is used to lock the bearing seat to fix its position relative to the column, and the second locking device is used to lock the laser reflection target to fix its position relative to the bearing seat. When the magnetic seat is adsorbed on the surface of the device base in the measurement blind area, the length of the column is sufficient to make the laser reflection target outside the measurement blind area.

[0008] In an implementable solution, the center of the lower surface of the magnetic base, the center of the upper surface of the magnetic base and the reflection center of the laser reflection target are always in a straight line.

[0009] In an implementable scheme, a mounting hole is provided at the second end of the column, and the mounting hole extends a predetermined length from the end surface of the second end of the column to the first end; the bearing seat includes a bracket plate, two side plates and a connecting column, the bracket plate includes an upper surface and a lower surface parallel to each other, and the two side plates are vertically installed on the upper surface of the bracket plate and are parallel to each other; each side plate is provided with a through hole, and the central axes of the through holes on the two side plates coincide and are perpendicular to the plate surface of the side plate; one end of the connecting column is fixedly connected to the lower surface of the bracket plate, and the other end of the connecting column is inserted into the mounting hole; the laser reflection target includes a target body, a reflection surface and a rotation axis, the reflection surface is arranged on the target body and is perpendicular to the side plate, the reflection center is the center of the reflection surface, the target body is arranged between the two side plates, and a rotation axis is respectively installed on one side of the target body facing the side plate, the axes of the two rotation axes coincide, and the two rotation axes are respectively inserted into the through holes of the side plates on the corresponding sides.

[0010] In one feasible solution, the length from the first end to the second end of the column is adjustable.

[0011] According to the second aspect of the present application, a reflection combination device is also provided for measuring a device base in a measurement blind area, comprising at least two reflection devices in the above-mentioned schemes, wherein the lower surface of the magnetic suction base of the reflection device is adsorbed on the surface of the device base, the adsorption positions of the multiple magnetic suction bases are different, the laser reflection target at the second end of the column of each reflection device is outside the measurement blind area, and the vertical distance from the center of the laser reflection target of all the reflection devices to the lower surface of the magnetic suction base is the same.

[0012] In an implementable solution, among all the reflective devices included in the reflective assembly device, the centers of the lower surfaces of the magnetic suction bases of two reflective devices are located in the same plane and at different positions on a straight line.

[0013] In an implementable solution, among all the reflective devices included in the reflective assembly device, the centers of the lower surfaces of the magnetic seats of three reflective devices are on the same plane, and the centers of the lower surfaces of the three magnetic seats are not on the same straight line.

[0014] According to the third aspect of the present application, a method for installing a device base for measuring a blind spot is also provided. The ship reference plane includes a center line plane, a center station plane, and a base plane. The installation method uses the reflection device in the above solution. The device base installation method includes the following steps:

[0015] S1. Install the equipment base on the hull installation surface in the blind area of ​​the ship's measurement in advance;

[0016] S2. Mark horizontal and vertical scale lines on the base surface of the equipment, mark two cross scale lines at different positions on the horizontal scale line, and mark two cross scale lines at different positions on the vertical scale line; the horizontal scale line is perpendicular to the vertical scale line;

[0017] S3. Set up a total station on the base plane of the ship and adjust the horizontal zero position of the total station to the bow and stern centerline of the ship;

[0018] S4. Arrange a reflector on each cross-marked line, adsorb the lower surface of the magnetic seat of the reflector on the corresponding cross-marked line, and align the center of the lower surface of the magnetic seat with the center of the cross-marked line; the laser reflector targets of all reflectors are at the same distance from the center of the corresponding cross-marked line, and each laser reflector target is within the measurement field of view of the total station;

[0019] S5. Adjust the reflection device so that each laser reflection target faces the total station;

[0020] S6. Measure the azimuth data of the centers of the two laser reflection targets on the same transverse engraved line by a total station, and calculate the angle θ1 between the normal line of the equipment base surface and the projection of the bow and stern centerline onto the base plane, and calculate the angle θ3 between the transverse engraved line of the equipment base surface and the base plane;

[0021] S7, measuring the azimuth data of the centers of the two laser reflection targets on the same longitudinal scribed line by a total station, and calculating the angle θ2 between the equipment base surface and the base plane;

[0022] S8. Obtain the standard values ​​of θ1, θ2 and θ3 required for the installation of the equipment base, adjust the position of the equipment base, repeat steps S6 and S7, and after the values ​​of θ1, θ2 and θ3 reach their respective standard values, install and fix the equipment base.

[0023] In one feasible solution, adjusting the position of the device base so that the values ​​of θ1, θ2 and θ3 reach their respective standard values ​​comprises the following steps:

[0024] Adjust the position of the equipment base and adjust θ3 to its standard value;

[0025] While keeping the value of θ3 unchanged, adjust the position of the equipment base and adjust θ1 and θ2 to their standard values.

[0026] In an implementable solution, the number of horizontal engraved lines is greater than or equal to two and they do not overlap, and each horizontal engraved line is marked with at least two cross engraved lines at different positions; the number of vertical engraved lines is greater than or equal to two and they do not overlap, and each vertical engraved line is marked with at least two cross engraved lines at different positions;

[0027] Step S6 includes the following steps: measuring the azimuth data of the centers of two laser reflection targets on the same transverse scribed line by a total station, and calculating a value of an angle θ1 between the normal line of the base surface and the bow and stern center line projected onto the base plane and a value of an angle θ3 between the transverse scribed line of the equipment base surface and the base plane based on the aforementioned azimuth data, and obtaining multiple values ​​of the angle θ1 and multiple values ​​of θ3 based on multiple transverse scribed lines, then the final angle θ1 is the average value of the aforementioned multiple θ1s, and the final angle θ3 is the average value of the aforementioned multiple θ3s;

[0028] Step S7 includes the following steps: measuring the azimuth data of the centers of two laser reflection targets on the same longitudinal scale line by a total station, and calculating a value of the angle θ2 between the base surface of the equipment and the base plane based on the aforementioned azimuth data, and obtaining multiple values ​​of the angle θ2 based on multiple longitudinal scale lines, and the final angle θ2 is the average value of the aforementioned multiple θ2s.

[0029] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of this application are:

[0030] When measuring the equipment base installed in the blind area of ​​ship measurement, the magnetic base of the reflection device is adsorbed on the surface of the equipment base, so that the coordinates of the equipment base at the adsorption point on the lower surface of the magnetic base are equivalently converted into the coordinates of the laser reflection target located in the measurement field, so as to achieve more accurate measurement and calculation of the coordinate data and azimuth data of a certain point on the equipment base, which facilitates the inspection of the installation accuracy of the equipment base in the blind area of ​​measurement and the adjustment of the installation position.

[0031] The reflective device, reflective combination device and method for installing an equipment base in a measurement blind spot using the aforementioned reflective device of the present application are applicable to various equipment bases, solve the difficult problem of measuring and adjusting the installation accuracy of the equipment base in the measurement blind spot, greatly improve the construction efficiency, and shorten the positioning, installation and inspection time of the equipment base. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0032] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present application, the drawings required for use in the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. It should be understood that the following drawings only show certain embodiments of the present application and therefore should not be regarded as limiting the scope. For ordinary technicians in this field, other related drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying creative work.

[0033] Figure 1 This is a diagram of the relative position of the total station on the ship and the equipment base located in the measurement blind area;

[0034] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the front structure of a reflection device according to an embodiment of the present application;

[0035] Figure 3 is a schematic diagram of the side structure of a reflection device according to an embodiment of the present application;

[0036] Figure 4 It is a schematic structural diagram of a column of a reflection device according to an embodiment of the present application;

[0037] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the front structure of a supporting base of a reflection device according to an embodiment of the present application;

[0038] Figure 6 It is a schematic diagram of the side structure of a bearing seat of a reflection device according to an embodiment of the present application;

[0039] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the assembly structure of a support base and a laser reflective target of a reflective device according to an embodiment of the present application;

[0040] Figure 8 It is a flow chart of a method for installing a device base in a measurement blind area according to an embodiment of the present application;

[0041] Fig. 9 This is a structural schematic diagram of a ship equipment base;

[0042] Fig.10 A schematic diagram of a use state of a reflection device according to an embodiment of the present application;

[0043] Fig.11A side schematic diagram of measuring a device base using a reflection device according to an embodiment of the present application;

[0044] Fig.12 A three-dimensional schematic diagram of measuring a device base using the reflection device of an embodiment of the present application;

[0045] Fig.13 A coordinate transformation diagram for calculating the angle θ1 between the normal line of the equipment base surface and the projection of the bow and stern centerline onto the base plane;

[0046] Fig.14 To calculate the angle θ between the base surface of the equipment and the base plane 21 Coordinate transformation diagram of ;

[0047] Fig.15 Schematic diagram of the division of ship datum plane.

[0048] In the figure: 10, magnetic seat; 11, magnetic steel; 20, column; 21, mounting hole; 30, bearing seat; 31, bracket plate; 32, side plate; 321, through hole; 33, connecting column; 40, laser reflection target; 401, reflection center; 41, target body; 42, reflection surface; 43, rotation axis; 50, locking device; 51, first locking device; 511, first threaded hole; 512, first threaded pin; 52, second locking device; 521, second threaded hole; 522, second threaded pin; 60, adjustment handle; 100, reflection device; 200, equipment base; 201, horizontal scale line; 202, vertical scale line; 203, cross scale line; 300, total station. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0049] In order to make the purpose, technical solution and advantages of the embodiments of the present application clearer, the technical solution in the embodiments of the present application will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiments of the present application. Obviously, the described embodiments are part of the embodiments of the present application, rather than all the embodiments. The components of the embodiments of the present application described and shown in the drawings here can be arranged and designed in various different configurations.

[0050] Therefore, the following detailed description of the embodiments of the present application provided in the accompanying drawings is not intended to limit the scope of the present application for which protection is sought, but merely represents selected embodiments of the present application. Based on the embodiments in the present application, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in the field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present application.

[0051] According to the first aspect of the present application, Figure 2 and 3As shown, firstly, a reflection device 100 is provided for measuring a device base 200 in a measurement blind area, which includes a magnetic base 10, a column 20, a bearing base 30, a laser reflection target 40 and a locking device 50.

[0052] The magnetic seat 10 includes an upper surface and a lower surface which are parallel to each other, and the lower surface is used to be adsorbed on the surface of the device base 200. The column 20 includes a first end and a second end, and the column 20 extends linearly from the first end to the second end by a predetermined length. The first end of the column 20 is fixedly connected to the upper surface of the magnetic seat 10, and the extension direction of the column 20 is perpendicular to the upper surface of the magnetic seat 10. The lower side of the bearing seat 30 is rotatably connected to the second end of the column 20, and the rotation plane of the bearing seat 30 is perpendicular to the extension direction of the column 20. The laser reflection target 40 is rotatably mounted on the bearing seat 30, and the rotation plane of the laser reflection target 40 is perpendicular to the rotation plane of the bearing seat 30. The locking device 50 includes a first locking device 51 and a second locking device 52. The first locking device 51 is used to lock the bearing seat 30 so that its position relative to the column 20 is fixed, and the second locking device 52 is used to lock the laser reflection target 40 so that its position relative to the bearing seat 30 is fixed. When the magnetic base 10 is adsorbed on the surface of the equipment base 200 in the measurement blind zone, the length of the column 20 is sufficient to ensure that the laser reflection target 40 is outside the measurement blind zone.

[0053] When it is necessary to Figure 1 When the equipment base 200 on the ship is installed and measured, as shown in FIG. Fig.10 As shown, after a magnetic base 10 of a reflective device 100 is adsorbed on a certain position on the surface of the device base 200, as shown in FIG. Fig.11 As shown, the laser reflection target 40 of the reflection device 100 is supported by the support base 30 at the second end of the column 20 in the measurement field of the total station 300, and the coordinate position of the current laser reflection target 40 is measured. Then, another reflection device 100 is adsorbed at the same position of the device base 200. The length of the column 20 of the latter reflection device 100 is different from the length of the column 20 of the former reflection device 100. The coordinate position of the laser reflection target 40 of the latter reflection device 100 is measured, and the inclination angle of the reflection device 100 at the current position of the surface of the device base 200 can be obtained through the coordinate positions of the two laser reflection targets 40 before and after. Then, one of the two reflection devices 100 before and after is selected, and according to the known relative position relationship between the laser reflection target 40 and the center of the lower surface of the magnetic suction seat 10, combined with the inclination angle obtained above, the coordinate position of the device base 200 adsorbed by the magnetic suction seat 10 can be converted, thereby realizing the measurement of the coordinates and orientation of a certain position on the device base 200 in the measurement blind area.

[0054] Furthermore, by repeating the above method at multiple positions on the surface of the device base 200 , the coordinates of multiple positions on the surface of the device base 200 hidden in the measurement blind area can be calculated.

[0055] To sum up, when measuring the equipment base 200 installed in the blind spot of ship measurement, the magnetic base 10 of the reflection device 100 is adsorbed on the surface of the equipment base 200, so that the coordinates of the equipment base 200 at the adsorption point on the lower surface of the magnetic base 10 are equivalently converted into the coordinates of the laser reflection target 40 located in the measurement field of view, thereby achieving more accurate measurement and calculation of the coordinate data and azimuth data of a certain point on the equipment base 200, which facilitates the inspection of the installation accuracy of the equipment base 200 in the measurement blind spot and the adjustment of the installation position.

[0056] In addition, since the magnetic base 10 of the reflection device 100 of this embodiment can be installed and adsorbed on the surface of the device base 200 very conveniently, it is suitable for measuring various device bases 200 installed on inclined installation surfaces.

[0057] In one embodiment, Figure 2 As shown, the magnetic seat 10 achieves the adsorption effect on ferromagnetic materials by arranging a magnetic steel 11, a permanent magnet or an electromagnet on the lower surface.

[0058] In one embodiment, the column 20 can be of different lengths, and the specific length is not limited, as long as it can ensure that the laser reflection target 40 is located outside the measurement blind area when the reflection device 100 is used, that is, within the measurement field of view of the total station 300.

[0059] In one embodiment, Figure 2 As shown, the center of the lower surface of the magnetic base 10, the center of the upper surface of the magnetic base and the reflection center 401 of the laser reflection target 40 are always in a straight line. The coordinate data, orientation data, etc. of the reflection center 401 can be measured by the total station 300. Since the reflection center 401 and the center of the lower surface of the magnetic base 10 are in a straight line, the relative position relationship is clear. The coordinates of the reflection center 401 can be quickly converted to obtain the coordinate data, orientation data, etc. of the center of the lower surface of the magnetic base 10. Since the center of the lower surface of the magnetic base 10 can be equivalent to a point on the device base 200, the data of this point is obtained accordingly. In addition, the center of the lower surface of the magnetic base 10, the center of the upper surface of the magnetic base and the reflection center 401 of the laser reflection target 40 are always in a straight line, which means that when the length of the column 20 is constant, no matter what angle and orientation the laser reflection target 40 is rotated to, the relative position relationship between its reflection center 401 and the center of the lower surface of the magnetic base 10 will never change.

[0060] In one embodiment, Figure 4As shown, the second end of the column 20 is provided with a mounting hole 21, and the mounting hole 21 extends from the end surface of the second end of the column 20 to the first end by a predetermined length. Figure 5 , 6 As shown in Figures 7 and 8, the bearing seat 30 includes a bracket plate 31, two side plates 32 and a connecting column 33. The bracket plate 31 includes an upper surface and a lower surface that are parallel to each other. The two side plates 32 are vertically mounted on the upper surface of the bracket plate 31 and are parallel to each other. A through hole 321 is provided on each side plate 32. The central axis of the through holes 321 on the two side plates 32 coincides and is perpendicular to the plate surface of the side plate 32. One end of the connecting column 33 is fixedly connected to the lower surface of the bracket plate 31, and the other end of the connecting column 33 is inserted into the mounting hole 21. Figure 7 As shown, the laser reflection target 40 includes a target body 41, a reflection surface 42 and a rotation axis 43. The reflection surface 42 is arranged on the target body 41 and is perpendicular to the side plate 32. The reflection center 401 is the center of the reflection surface 42. The target body 41 is arranged between the two side plates 32, and a rotation axis 43 is respectively installed on one side of the target body 41 facing the side plate 32. The axes of the two rotation axes 43 coincide, and the two rotation axes 43 are respectively inserted into the through holes 321 of the side plates 32 on the corresponding sides.

[0061] It should be noted that the above embodiment provides a preferred structure for realizing the rotation of the bearing seat 30 at the second end of the column 20, and also provides a preferred structure for the rotation of the laser reflection target 40 on the bearing seat 30, so as to realize the centering operation of the reflection center 401 of the laser reflection target 40 and the total station 300 more conveniently. In addition to the above structure, other structures that can realize rotation can also be used. For example, a motor can be installed at the second end of the column 20, and the bearing seat 30 can be installed on the output shaft of the motor. The rotation of the motor drives the bearing seat 30 to rotate in a plane perpendicular to the extension direction of the column 20, and the stopping of the motor is equivalent to locking the relative positions of the two. The motor can also be installed on the bearing seat 30, and the laser reflection target 40 can be installed on the output shaft of the motor. The motor drives the laser reflection target to rotate in a plane perpendicular to the rotation plane of the bearing seat 30, and the stopping of the motor is equivalent to locking the relative positions of the two.

[0062] In one embodiment, a limiting groove is provided on the connecting column 33 of the bearing seat 30, and a limiting protrusion cooperating with the limiting groove is provided in the mounting hole 21 of the column 20, so as to ensure that the depth of the connecting column 33 of the bearing seat 30 extending into the mounting hole 21 is always constant. Alternatively, the depth of the mounting hole 21 is constant, and the connecting column 33 always extends into the bottom of the mounting hole 21, so as to achieve a constant depth of the connecting column 33 extending into the mounting hole 21. Alternatively, the length of the connecting column 33 is always shorter than the length of the mounting hole 21, so that the mounting hole 21 always conflicts with the lower surface of the bracket plate 31, and the depth of the connecting column 33 extending into the mounting hole 21 can also be ensured to be constant. The depth of the connecting column 33 of the bearing seat 30 extending into the mounting hole 21 remains unchanged, so that the relative position of the laser reflection target 40 to the second end face of the column 20 remains unchanged, reducing the amount of calculation of the coordinates of the point on the base 200 of the coordinate conversion device of the laser reflection target 40, and trying to eliminate the redundant calculation caused by unnecessary position changes.

[0063] In one embodiment, Figure 4 As shown, the first locking device 51 includes a first threaded hole 511 and a first threaded pin 512. The first threaded hole 511 is set on the column 20 and extends from the surface of the column 20 to the mounting hole 21. The first threaded pin 512 is threadedly matched with the first threaded hole 511. The first threaded pin 512 rotates toward the inside of the first threaded hole 511 and penetrates into the mounting hole 21 to tighten the connecting column 33 in the mounting hole 21 to achieve locking of the connecting column 33, thereby locking the position of the bearing seat 30 relative to the column 20.

[0064] In one embodiment, Figure 6 As shown, the second locking device 52 includes a second threaded hole 521 and a second threaded pin 522. The axis of the second threaded hole 521 is perpendicular to the axis of the through hole 321 on the side plate 32. The second threaded hole 521 extends from the surface of the side plate 32 to the through hole 321. The second threaded pin 522 is threadedly matched with the second threaded hole 521. The second threaded pin 522 rotates toward the inside of the second threaded hole 521 and passes into the through hole 321 to tighten the rotating shaft 43 in the through hole 321 to achieve locking of the rotating shaft 43, thereby locking the position of the laser reflection target 40 relative to the supporting seat 30.

[0065] For the first locking device 51 and the second locking device 52, in addition to the above-mentioned structure, a similar structure of a damping rotating shaft can also be adopted, which can not only maintain a certain rotation ability but also rely on damping to conveniently maintain it at a certain angle.

[0066] The first locking device 51 and the second locking device 52 are not limited to the above structures. The first locking device 51 can flexibly select some locking structures according to the structure of the rotation connection between the support seat 30 and the column 20, as long as the rotation between the two can be restricted. The second locking device 52 can also flexibly select some locking structures according to the structure of the rotation connection between the laser reflective target 40 and the support seat 30, as long as the rotation can be restricted.

[0067] In one embodiment, Figure 2 , 3 As shown in FIG. 7 , the reflection device 100 further includes an adjustment handle 60, which is disposed on the outer side of a side panel 32 and is connected to the rotation shaft 43. Rotating the adjustment handle 60 drives the rotation shaft 43 to rotate, so as to realize the rotation of the laser reflection target 40, so that the reflection center 401 on the reflection surface 42 is aligned with the total station 300.

[0068] In one embodiment, the length from the first end to the second end of the column 20 is adjustable (not shown in the figure). Fig.11 As shown, according to the distance between the installation surface of the device base 200 and the measurement field of view, the length of the column 20 can be adjusted so that the laser reflection target 40 is always within the measurement field of view, so that the reflection device 100 can adapt to different measurement blind areas. The column 20 can be a telescopic rod, or two cylindrical rods with threads, or an electric push rod.

[0069] For some equipment bases 200 installed in the blind area of ​​ship measurement, sometimes it is necessary not only to measure the coordinates of a certain position of the equipment base 200, but also to measure the horizontality, inclination angle and other data of the equipment base 200. At this time, it is generally necessary to measure the coordinates and orientation data of multiple positions on the surface of the equipment base 200 to obtain the results comprehensively. Therefore, the present application also provides the following embodiments:

[0070] According to the second aspect of the present application, Fig.10As shown, a reflection combination device is also provided for measuring the device base 200 in the measurement blind area, which includes at least two reflection devices 100 in the above technical solution, the lower surface of the magnetic seat 10 of the reflection device 100 is adsorbed on the surface of the device base 200, the adsorption positions of the multiple magnetic seats 10 are different, the laser reflection target 40 at the second end of the column 20 of each reflection device 100 is outside the measurement blind area, and the vertical distance from the center of the laser reflection target 40 of all the reflection devices 100 to the lower surface of the magnetic seat 10 is the same. Assuming that only two reflection devices 100 are used, the line connecting the centers of the laser reflection targets 40 of the two reflection devices 100 can be equivalent to replace a straight line on the surface of the device base 200. By measuring the coordinates of the centers of the two laser reflection targets 40, the inclination angle, height difference, etc. of the line connecting the centers of the two laser reflection targets 40 can be obtained, and the data of the corresponding straight line on the device base 200 can be obtained. Assuming that three reflection devices 100 that are not in a straight line are used, the surface of the device base 200 can be equivalently replaced by the plane formed by the centers of the laser reflection targets 40 of the three reflection devices 100 that are not in a straight line. By measuring the coordinates of the centers of the three laser reflection targets 40 to obtain the relevant orientation data of the plane formed by them, the relevant orientation data of the surface of the device base 200 can be further converted.

[0071] In one embodiment, Fig.10 As shown, among all the reflection devices 100 included in the reflection assembly device, the centers of the lower surfaces of the magnetic suction bases 10 including two reflection devices 100 are located in the same plane and at different positions on a straight line, that is, Fig.10 Reflection device 100 at A1 and B1.

[0072] like Fig.10 As shown, when it is necessary to measure the coordinate orientation, inclination and other data of two positions on a straight line on the device base 200, assuming that the straight line between A1 and B1 of the device base 200 is measured, it is only necessary to adsorb one reflector 100 at A1 and B1 on the straight line on the device base 200 (other positions on the A1B1 straight line are also acceptable), so that the center of the lower surface of the magnetic base 10 is aligned on this straight line. At the same time, the lengths of the columns 20 of the two reflector devices 100 must be equal to ensure that the corresponding laser reflector targets 40 are beyond the measurement blind area, that is, the laser reflector targets 40 of all reflector devices 100 are at the same distance from the surface of the device base 200, then the line AB connecting the two corresponding laser reflector targets 40 at A1 and B1 can equivalently replace the A1B1 straight line on the device base 200.

[0073] In one embodiment, Fig.10As shown, among all the reflective devices included in the reflective assembly device, the centers of the lower surfaces of the magnetic seats 10 of the three reflective devices are on the same plane, and the centers of the lower surfaces of the three magnetic seats 10 are not on the same straight line, that is, Fig.10 Reflection device 100 at A1, B1 and C1.

[0074] like Fig.10 As shown, when it is necessary to measure the inclination degree, coordinate orientation and other data of the entire surface of the equipment base 200, it is only necessary to adsorb three reflection devices 100 at different positions on the surface of the equipment base 200, and the magnetic bases 10 of the three reflection devices 100 are not in a straight line. At the same time, the lengths of the columns 20 of all the reflection devices 100 must be equal in addition to ensuring that the corresponding laser reflection targets 40 are beyond the measurement blind area, that is, the laser reflection targets 40 of all the reflection devices 100 are at the same distance from the surface of the equipment base 200. Then, the plane formed by the centers A, B, and C of the three laser reflection targets 40 can equivalently replace the entire surface of the equipment base 200.

[0075] like Fig.15 As shown, the ship reference plane includes the centerline plane, the mid-station plane and the base plane. On some special ships, the accuracy requirements for the equipment base 200 installed in the measurement blind area are relatively high. The installation of a certain special equipment base 200 requires adjustment of the following parameters, including the angle θ1 between the normal line of the equipment base surface and the projection of the bow and stern centerline onto the base plane, the angle θ2 between the equipment base surface and the base plane, and the transverse scale line 201 of the spare base surface (see Fig. 9 The installation position of the special equipment base 200 must ultimately make θ1, θ2 and θ3 meet the required standard values ​​to fully exert the performance of the equipment on the equipment base 200.

[0076] When the equipment base 200 is installed on the ship structure, it is generally carried out on the slipway (or dock installation stage), the hull is in a static state, and the base plane of the ship at this time can be equal to the horizontal plane. At the same time, in the following method, the surface of the equipment base 200 is called the equipment base surface.

[0077] Therefore, according to the third aspect of this application, if Figure 8 As shown, a method for installing a device base for measuring a blind area is also provided, which particularly uses the reflection device 100 in the above solution. The device base installation method of this embodiment includes the following steps:

[0078] S1, such as Fig.10 As shown, the device base 200 is pre-installed on the hull installation surface of the ship's blind area for measurement. The device base 200 can be temporarily installed on the hull installation surface by setting up a scaffold, or temporarily fixed by spot welding or virtual welding.

[0079] S2, such as Fig. 9 As shown, a horizontal scale line 201 and a vertical scale line 202 are marked on the device base surface, two cross scale lines 203 at different positions are marked on the horizontal scale line 201, and two cross scale lines 203 at different positions are marked on the vertical scale line 202; the horizontal scale line 201 is perpendicular to the vertical scale line 202.

[0080] In order to facilitate the description of the method of this embodiment, Fig. 9 As shown, in step S2, the horizontal scale line 201 is located at the uppermost side of the device base 200, and the cross scale lines 203 at points A1 and B1 are selected at the same time. The vertical scale line 202 is located at the rightmost side of the device base 200, and the cross scale lines 203 at points C1 and B1 are selected at the same time, and point B1 is the cross scale line 203 shared by the horizontal scale line 201 and the vertical scale line 202.

[0081] S3, such as Fig.11 and 12 As shown, a total station 300 is set up on the base plane of the ship, and the horizontal zero position of the total station 300 is adjusted to the bow and stern centerline of the ship, thereby unifying the measurement benchmark.

[0082] S4, such as Fig.10 As shown, a reflective device 100 is arranged on each cross-marked line 203 (for example, A1, B1 and C1), and the lower surface of the magnetic seat 10 of the reflective device 100 is adsorbed on the corresponding cross-marked line 203, and the center of the lower surface of the magnetic seat 10 is aligned with the center of the cross-marked line 203; the laser reflective targets 40 of all reflective devices 100 are at the same distance from the center of the corresponding cross-marked line 203, and each laser reflective target 40 is within the measurement field of view of the total station 300 ( Fig.12 A, B and C are respectively the reflection centers 401 of the three laser reflection targets 40).

[0083] S5, such as Fig.12 As shown, the reflection device 100 is adjusted so that the center of each laser reflection target 40 faces the total station 300 .

[0084] S6, using the total station 300 to measure the centers of the two laser reflective targets 40 on the same horizontal scribed line 201 (i.e. Fig.12 The azimuth data of (A and B) in the figure are obtained, and the angle θ1 between the normal line of the equipment base surface and the projection of the bow and stern centerline onto the base plane is calculated, as well as the angle θ3 between the transverse scale line 201 of the equipment base surface and the base plane is calculated.

[0085] S7, using the total station 300 to measure the centers of the two laser reflective targets 40 on the same longitudinal scribed line 202 (i.e. Fig.12The orientation data of (B and C) in the figure is obtained, and the angle θ2 between the equipment base surface and the base plane is calculated.

[0086] S8. Obtain the standard values ​​of θ1, θ2 and θ3 required for the installation of the device base 200 (the standard values ​​are determined based on the installation accuracy of the device base 200), and adjust the position of the device base 200. Repeat steps S6 and S7 until the values ​​of θ1, θ2 and θ3 reach their respective standard values, and then install and fix the device base 200.

[0087] It should be noted that, in the above embodiment, there is no particular order between steps S1 and S2, there is no particular order between steps S3 and S4, and there is no particular order between steps S6 and S7.

[0088] In step S6, when calculating the angle θ1 between the normal line of the equipment base surface and the projection of the bow and stern centerline onto the base plane, Fig.13 As shown, the projections of the centers A and B of the laser reflective target 40 onto the base plane XOY are A′ and B′, the normal of the equipment base surface is projected onto the base plane XOY, i.e., straight line m, and the bow and stern line are projected onto the base plane XOY, i.e., straight line OY. The calculation formula of θ1 is as follows:

[0089] θ1=90°-θ1′=90°-arctg[(d1×cosβ1×sinα1-d2×cosβ2×sinα2) /

[0090] (d2×cosβ2×cosα2-d1×cosβ1×cosα1)]

[0091] in:

[0092] α1: the rotation angle of the total station 300 from the zero position to point A in the horizontal direction;

[0093] α2: the rotation angle of the total station 300 from the zero position to point B in the horizontal direction;

[0094] β1: the rotation angle of the total station 300 from the zero position to point A in the vertical direction;

[0095] β2: the rotation angle of the total station 300 from the zero position to point B in the vertical direction;

[0096] d1: the distance between point A and the total station 300 installation point O;

[0097] d2: The distance between point B and the total station 300 installation point O.

[0098] In step S7, when calculating the angle θ2 between the device base surface and the base plane, Fig.14As shown, the YOZ plane is perpendicular to the base plane and the equipment base plane. The centers B and C of the laser reflective target 40 are projected onto the YOZ plane, namely B″ and C″. The base plane is projected onto the YOZ plane to form a straight line OY. The centers B and C of the laser reflective target 40 are projected onto the XOY plane, namely B′ and C′. The calculation formula of θ2 is as follows:

[0099] θ2=arctg[(d2×sinβ2-d1×sinβ1) / (d2cosβ2×cosα2-d1×cosβ1×cosα1)]

[0100] in:

[0101] α1: the rotation angle of the total station 300 from the zero position to point C in the horizontal direction;

[0102] α2: the rotation angle of the total station 300 from the zero position to point B in the horizontal direction;

[0103] β1: the rotation angle of the total station 300 from the zero position to point C in the vertical direction;

[0104] β2: the rotation angle of the total station 300 from the zero position to point B in the vertical direction;

[0105] d1: the distance between point C and the total station 300 installation point O;

[0106] d2: The distance between point B and the total station 300 installation point O.

[0107] In step S6, when calculating the angle θ3 between the horizontal line 201 of the device base surface and the base plane, the angle θ3 can be first measured. Fig.12 The height difference between A and B is △H, and then the Fig.12 The horizontal distance between A and B is L, and the angle θ3 is calculated as follows:

[0108] θ3=arctg(△H / L)

[0109] in:

[0110] △H: height difference between A and B;

[0111] L: The horizontal distance between A and B.

[0112] In one embodiment, adjusting the position of the device base 200 so that the values ​​of θ1, θ2 and θ3 reach their respective standard values ​​comprises the following steps:

[0113] Adjust the position of the device base 200 to adjust θ3 to its standard value;

[0114] While keeping the value of θ3 unchanged, the position of the device base 200 is adjusted to adjust θ1 and θ2 to their standard values.

[0115] The included angle between the transverse scale line 201 of most device bases 200 and the base plane is generally 0°. By adjusting θ3 to the standard value first, it will be easier to find the projection plane perpendicular to both the base plane and the device base surface when calculating θ2 later.

[0116] In one embodiment, the number of transverse scribed lines 201 is greater than or equal to two and they do not overlap, and each transverse scribed line 201 is marked with at least two cross scribed lines 203 at different positions; the number of longitudinal scribed lines 202 is greater than or equal to two and they do not overlap, and each longitudinal scribed line 202 is marked with at least two cross scribed lines 203 at different positions. The steps corresponding to S6 and S7 are as follows:

[0117] Step S6 includes the following steps: measuring the azimuth data of the centers of the two laser reflection targets 40 on the same transverse scale line 201 by the total station 300, and calculating a value of the angle θ1 between the normal of the base surface and the bow and stern center line projected onto the base plane and a value of the angle θ3 between the transverse scale line of the equipment base surface and the base plane based on the above-mentioned azimuth data, and obtaining multiple values ​​of the angle θ1 and multiple values ​​of θ3 based on multiple transverse scale lines 201, then the final angle θ1 is the average value of the above-mentioned multiple θ1s, and the final angle θ3 is the average value of the above-mentioned multiple θ3s, thereby reducing the errors of the numerical values ​​of θ1 and θ3 and improving the accuracy of the numerical values ​​of θ1 and θ3.

[0118] Step S7 includes the following steps: measuring the azimuth data of the centers of the two laser reflection targets 40 on the same longitudinal scale line 202 by the total station 300, and calculating a value of the angle θ2 between the base surface of the equipment and the base plane based on the aforementioned azimuth data, and obtaining multiple values ​​of the angle θ2 based on multiple longitudinal scale lines 202. The final angle θ2 is the average value of the aforementioned multiple θ2s, thereby reducing the error of the θ2 value and improving the accuracy of the θ2 value.

[0119] Through the above method, the time for measuring and adjusting the equipment base 200 can be shortened while taking into account the accuracy of the measurement.

[0120] The above-mentioned reflection device 100, reflection combination device and method for installing the equipment base in the measurement blind area using the aforementioned reflection device are applicable to various equipment bases, solve the problem of installation accuracy measurement and adjustment of the equipment base in the measurement blind area, greatly improve the construction efficiency, and shorten the positioning, installation and inspection time of the equipment base.

[0121] The above description is only the preferred embodiment of the present application and is not intended to limit the present application. For those skilled in the art, the present application may have various modifications and variations. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present application shall be included in the protection scope of the present application.

Claims

1. A method for installing a base of equipment for measuring blind areas of a ship, wherein the ship reference plane includes a center line plane, a center station plane and a base plane, characterized in that: The installation method uses a reflection device, which includes: A magnetic suction seat (10), comprising an upper surface and a lower surface that are parallel to each other, wherein the lower surface is used to be adsorbed on the surface of the device base (200); A column (20), comprising a first end and a second end, the column (20) extending linearly from the first end to the second end by a predetermined length, the first end of the column (20) being fixedly connected to the upper surface of the magnetic seat (10), and the extension direction of the column (20) being perpendicular to the upper surface of the magnetic seat (10); A bearing seat (30), the lower side of which is rotatably connected to the second end of the column (20), and the rotation plane of the bearing seat (30) is perpendicular to the extension direction of the column (20); A laser reflection target (40) is rotatably mounted on the bearing seat (30), and the rotation plane of the laser reflection target (40) is perpendicular to the rotation plane of the bearing seat (30); A locking device (50), comprising a first locking device (51) and a second locking device (52), wherein the first locking device (51) is used to lock the bearing seat (30) so that its position relative to the column (20) is fixed, and the second locking device (52) is used to lock the laser reflection target (40) so that its position relative to the bearing seat (30) is fixed; The length from the first end to the second end of the column (20) is adjustable; When the magnetic seat (10) is adsorbed on the surface of the device base (200) in the measurement blind zone, the length of the column (20) is sufficient to ensure that the laser reflection target (40) is outside the measurement blind zone; The device base installation method comprises the following steps: S1, pre-installing the equipment base (200) on the hull installation surface in the blind area of ​​the ship measurement; S2. Marking a horizontal scale line (201) and a vertical scale line (202) on the device base surface, marking two cross scale lines (203) at different positions on the horizontal scale line (201), and marking two cross scale lines (203) at different positions on the vertical scale line (202); the horizontal scale line (201) is perpendicular to the vertical scale line (202); S3, setting up a total station (300) on the base plane of the ship, and adjusting the horizontal zero position of the total station (300) to the bow and stern centerline of the ship; S4, arranging a reflecting device on each cross-marked line (203), adsorbing the lower surface of the magnetic seat (10) of the reflecting device on the corresponding cross-marked line (203), and aligning the center of the lower surface of the magnetic seat (10) with the center of the cross-marked line (203); the laser reflecting targets (40) of all the reflecting devices are at the same distance from the center of the corresponding cross-marked line (203), and each of the laser reflecting targets (40) is within the measurement field of the total station (300); S5, adjusting the reflection device so that each of the laser reflection targets (40) faces the total station (300); S6, measuring the azimuth data of the centers of the two laser reflection targets (40) on the same transverse scribed line (201) by means of the total station (300), and calculating the angle θ1 between the normal line of the equipment base surface and the projection of the bow and stern center line onto the base plane, and calculating the angle θ3 between the transverse scribed line (201) of the equipment base surface and the base plane; S7, measuring the azimuth data of the centers of the two laser reflection targets (40) on the same longitudinal scribed line (202) by means of the total station (300), and calculating the angle θ2 between the equipment base surface and the base plane; S8. Obtain the standard values ​​of θ1, θ2 and θ3 required for the installation of the device base (200), adjust the position of the device base (200), repeat steps S6 and S7, and after the values ​​of θ1, θ2 and θ3 reach their respective standard values, install and fix the device base (200).

2. The method for installing a device base for measuring blind areas of a ship according to claim 1, characterized in that: Adjusting the position of the device base (200) so that the values ​​of θ1, θ2 and θ3 reach their respective standard values ​​comprises the following steps: Adjusting the position of the device base (200) to adjust the θ3 to its standard value; While keeping the value of θ3 unchanged, the position of the equipment base (200) is adjusted to adjust θ1 and θ2 to their standard values.

3. The method for installing a device base for measuring blind areas of a ship according to claim 2, characterized in that: The number of the transverse engraved lines (201) is greater than or equal to two and they do not overlap, and each of the transverse engraved lines (201) is marked with at least two cross engraved lines (203) at different positions; the number of the longitudinal engraved lines (202) is greater than or equal to two and they do not overlap, and each of the longitudinal engraved lines (202) is marked with at least two cross engraved lines (203) at different positions; Step S6 comprises the following steps: measuring the azimuth data of the centers of the two laser reflection targets (40) on the same transverse scribed line (201) by a total station (300), and calculating a value of an angle θ1 between the normal line of the equipment base surface and the bow and stern center line projected onto the base plane and a value of an angle θ3 between the transverse scribed line (201) of the equipment base surface and the base plane based on the azimuth data, and obtaining multiple values ​​of the angle θ1 and multiple values ​​of θ3 based on multiple transverse scribed lines (201), wherein the final angle θ1 is the average value of the multiple θ1s, and the final angle θ3 is the average value of the multiple θ3s; Step S7 comprises the following steps: measuring the azimuth data of the centers of the two laser reflection targets (40) on the same longitudinal scribed line (202) by means of a total station (300), and calculating a value of an angle θ2 between the device base surface and the base plane based on the aforementioned azimuth data, and obtaining multiple values ​​of the angle θ2 based on multiple longitudinal scribed lines (202), wherein the final angle θ2 is the average value of the aforementioned multiple θ2s.

4. The method for installing a device base for measuring blind areas of a ship according to claim 1, characterized in that: The second end of the column (20) is provided with a mounting hole (21), and the mounting hole (21) extends from the end surface of the second end of the column (20) to the first end by a predetermined length; The bearing seat (30) comprises a bracket plate (31), two side plates (32) and a connecting column (33); the bracket plate (31) comprises an upper surface and a lower surface which are parallel to each other; the two side plates (32) are vertically mounted on the upper surface of the bracket plate (31) and are parallel to each other; each of the side plates (32) is provided with a through hole (321); the central axis of the through holes (321) on the two side plates (32) coincides and is perpendicular to the plate surface of the side plate (32); one end of the connecting column (33) is fixedly connected to the lower surface of the bracket plate (31), and the other end of the connecting column (33) is inserted into the mounting hole (21); The laser reflection target (40) comprises a target body (41), a reflection surface (42) and a rotation axis (43); the reflection surface (42) is arranged on the target body (41) and is perpendicular to the side plate (32); the reflection center (401) is the center of the reflection surface (42); the target body (41) is arranged between the two side plates (32); and one rotation axis (43) is respectively installed on one side of the target body (41) facing the side plate (32); the axes of the two rotation axes (43) coincide with each other; and the two rotation axes (43) are respectively inserted into the through holes (321) of the side plates (32) on the corresponding sides; The center of the lower surface of the magnetic base (10), the center of the upper surface of the magnetic base (10) and the reflection center (401) of the laser reflection target (40) are always on a straight line.

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