Hemodialysis heating apparatus and method

Abstract

This invention relates to a hemodialysis heating device, comprising a processor and a temperature detection module, including: a first temperature detection module for detecting the surface skin temperature of the temporal artery; a second temperature detection module for detecting the blood temperature upon entry into the body; and a third temperature detection module for detecting the temperature of a heating element. The processor can calculate the blood thermal conductivity based on the second and third temperature data, and adjust the temperature rise of the heating element based on the difference between the first temperature data and a threshold value and the calculated blood thermal conductivity. A hemodialysis heating method includes the following steps: detecting the surface skin temperature of the temporal artery; detecting the blood temperature upon entry into the body; detecting the temperature of the heating element; and adjusting the temperature rise of the heating element based on the difference between the temperature data and a threshold value and the calculated blood thermal conductivity.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of medical device technology, and in particular to a hemodialysis heating device and method. Background Technology

[0002] In daily life, temperatures are typically measured under the armpit, in the mouth, and on the forehead. Strictly speaking, these are surface temperatures, which inherently have some margin of error compared to core temperature. Furthermore, they are easily affected by factors such as the surrounding environment and personal clothing, and therefore cannot accurately represent the body's core temperature. Core temperature, on the other hand, is truly closely related to a person's metabolism, making real-time monitoring of core temperature more valuable. Common methods for monitoring core temperature include MRI, rectal thermography, cochlear thermography, esophageal thermography, and pulmonary artery thermography. While these methods can provide a relatively close measurement of core temperature, they have drawbacks such as inconvenience, the need for invasive procedures, and the inability to measure temperature during dynamic processes.

[0003] The temporal artery connects to the heart via the carotid artery, flowing directly from the aorta and providing a constant blood flow. It is the artery closest to the skin's surface. Furthermore, the temporal artery is located in the forehead, making it easy to touch. Measuring the temperature of the skin above the temporal artery to obtain core body temperature is easier and gentler than using oral, rectal, or ear thermometers.

[0004] Existing technology, such as CN103826671A, discloses a device with heating function for hemodialysis, hemodiafiltration, hemofiltration, or peritoneal dialysis. This device includes at least one conduit for transferring at least one fluid in blood and dialysate, and a heating unit for heating at least one fluid in blood and dialysate, wherein the fluid heated by the heating unit is a substance to be injected into the human body. The heating unit is configured to measure the flow rate of the fluid to be heated and the injection temperature related to the flow rate to heat the fluid. The heating unit includes: a flow channel through which the fluid to be heated flows; a heater, formed as part of the flow channel, for generating heat; and a cover device including a first connection through which fluid enters the flow channel, and a second connection through which fluid flows out of the flow channel. This device can inject blood at the same or close to the same temperature as the human body to prevent dialysis-related side effects, and also deforms the shape of the flow channel around the heater to effectively heat the blood. However, the core body temperature of the human body determines how well the device can heat the body to the same or closer degree as the human body. This device does not accurately determine the core body temperature of the human body, so such heating is inaccurate.

[0005] Existing technology, such as CN211434400U, discloses a hemodialysis tubing component and a hemodialysis device. This hemodialysis tubing component includes a blood transfusion catheter, a heating tube assembly, and a circulating heating mechanism. One end of the heating sleeve is connected to an inlet water pipe, and the other end is connected to an outlet water pipe. Both the inlet and outlet water pipes are connected to the circulating heating mechanism, which heats the circulating fluid and introduces it into the inlet water pipe. The heating sleeve is fitted over the blood transfusion catheter and conforms to it to transfer heat from the circulating fluid into the blood transfusion catheter. While this hemodialysis tubing component can heat blood due to the heating sleeve fitted over the blood transfusion catheter and the circulating heating mechanism connected to the inlet and outlet water pipes, this configuration results in low heat utilization and significant energy consumption over extended periods. Furthermore, the low heating efficiency of the dialysis tubing component is not energy-efficient or environmentally friendly.

[0006] Existing technology, such as CN107754037A, discloses a hemodialysis device for nephrology, including a base plate. Four electrically operated telescopic rods are evenly distributed on the upper surface of the base plate. A hemodialyzer is connected to the top of each electric telescopic rod. A PLC controller is located on the left side of the hemodialyzer. An outlet pipe is located on the front side of the hemodialyzer near the bottom surface, and a solenoid valve is located on the side of the outlet pipe. An inlet pipe is located on the front side of the hemodialyzer near the upper surface. This hemodialysis device allows for convenient adjustment of the pressure within the hemodialyzer cavity via a pressure sensor, a booster pump, and a negative pressure pump. The temperature within the hemodialyzer cavity is adjusted via a heater and a temperature sensor. Waste liquid is conveniently collected and treated via a waste liquid tank. However, a single temperature sensor cannot accurately reflect the temperature relationship between the dialysis equipment and the patient, making the control based on this insufficiently precise.

[0007] Furthermore, on the one hand, there are differences in understanding among those skilled in the art; on the other hand, the inventors studied a large number of documents and patents when making this invention, but due to space limitations, not all details and contents were listed in detail. However, this does not mean that the present invention does not possess the features of these prior art. On the contrary, the present invention already possesses all the features of the prior art, and the applicant reserves the right to add relevant prior art to the background art. Summary of the Invention

[0008] To address the shortcomings of existing technologies, this application proposes a hemodialysis heating device and method, including a processor and a first temperature detection module. During detection, the first temperature detection module is positioned on the affected head and electrically connected to the processor to detect the surface skin temperature of the temporal artery. After detection, the first temperature detection module sends the detected first temperature data to the processor. A second temperature detection module detects the blood temperature upon entry into the body. After detection, the second temperature detection module sends the detected second temperature data to the processor. A third temperature detection module detects the temperature of the heating component. After detection, the third temperature detection module sends the detected third temperature data to the processor. The processor calculates the blood thermal conductivity based on the second and third temperature data, and adjusts the heating amplitude of the heating component based on the difference between the first temperature data and a threshold and the calculated blood thermal conductivity, so that the blood temperature upon entry into the body can change in the direction of restoring the body to normal temperature according to different body temperature states. This solution employs a method of heating the dialysate before dialysis and then using the heated dialysate to participate in the heat exchange process of the blood that has already undergone dialysis. This achieves temperature regulation of the blood entering the patient's body, offering greater safety compared to existing technologies that directly heat the blood. Existing technologies use heating wires or heating blocks to directly heat the blood. Firstly, if the heater fails and causes overheating, the blood is directly damaged. High temperatures primarily cause hemolysis, which is extremely detrimental and dangerous for patients about to receive this blood transfusion. Secondly, even if the heater functions normally, the blood near the heater is undoubtedly heated at a higher temperature, which is also detrimental to the properties of that portion of the blood. This solution, however, uses non-contact heat transfer to heat the blood. Based on thermodynamic principles, when the dialysate temperature is relatively constant, regardless of the intermediate heat transfer process, the blood temperature cannot exceed the maximum temperature of the dialysate. Furthermore, the blood directly heated by the heater is not the vital and irreplaceable blood, thus eliminating the risk of hemolysis. On the other hand, adopting the aforementioned heat conduction method can also relatively reduce the structural cost of the blood heating structure, which is beneficial for reducing energy consumption and equipment manufacturing costs. Simultaneously, this solution involves disrupting and reorganizing the material flow at different stages of the dialysis process, allowing the dialysate that has not yet undergone dialysis to exchange heat with the blood that has already been dialyzed. This ensures that the heat in the dialysate, which itself needs to be heated to ensure dialysis material exchange, can be utilized to heat the blood about to enter the body. Furthermore, when the dialysate, having undergone the aforementioned heating and cooled, enters the dialysis chamber and exchanges material with the blood that has not yet undergone dialysis, the cooled dialysate will achieve the dialysis effect with the blood through superior material exchange efficiency.Based on the principle of dialysis, namely the principle of mass exchange, temperature has a significant impact on the activity of molecules in a solution. Within a certain range, higher temperatures result in higher molecular activity, meaning a stronger tendency for molecules to diffuse towards each other. However, when this occurs in the dialysate, it is detrimental to blood dialysis. Blood dialysis requires removing impurity molecules from the blood into the dialysate. If the dialysate temperature is high or varies significantly, the mass transfer process from blood to the dialysate will be hindered. Therefore, this scheme utilizes the dialysate to heat the blood that has already undergone dialysis, and then uses the relatively cooler dialysate after heat exchange to react with the remaining blood that has not undergone dialysis for mass exchange. This approach achieves better results in terms of energy utilization and increased efficiency of the dialysis process.

[0009] Preferably, the processor generates a relationship rule between the second and third temperatures based on the acquired correspondence data between the third and second temperatures. It monitors the current temperature of the third temperature based on this relationship rule. When the third temperature exceeds a threshold, the processor controls the heating component to reduce its output power so that the third temperature drops below the threshold. When the third temperature is at the threshold, the second temperature, which changes lagging based on the relationship rule, is at an input warning temperature value, which is lower than an input temperature damage value. The aforementioned input temperature damage value refers to the value at which the temperature of blood entering the human body causes harm, and can be manually set based on the patient's physiological condition, physiological theories, and relevant experience. The relationship rule refers to the correspondence between the second and third temperatures, which can be represented by a relationship table, a fitted relationship curve, a fitted relationship formula, etc.

[0010] Based on the above scheme, a temperature detection system located relatively early in the heating process is used to pre-regulate the temperature of the blood entering the patient's body, preventing the inability to remedy the situation when the temperature of the blood about to enter the patient's body exceeds a threshold. Based on the automatic calculation and summarization of the relationship rules between the second and third temperatures in this scheme, a relationship between the second and third temperatures can be established. Based on this relationship, the third temperature can be pre-controlled to ensure that the second temperature does not undergo an irreversible overheating change, thus guaranteeing the final safety line for the patient's dialysis.

[0011] According to a preferred embodiment, the device further includes a weighing module for weighing the undialyzed dialysate. After weighing, the weighing module sends the detected weight data to a processor. The processor calculates the dialysis rate and blood flow rate based on the changes in the weight data and the time of these changes.

[0012] According to a preferred embodiment, the processor calculates the blood flow temperature rise rate per unit volume based on the dialysis rate and blood flow rate, and then adjusts the temperature of the heating element.

[0013] According to a preferred embodiment, the device further includes tubing components, comprising an inner tube for introducing heated but not yet dialyzed dialysate; a middle tube for introducing dialyzed blood for return to the body; and an outer tube for introducing dialyzed waste fluid. The diameter of the middle tube is larger than that of the inner tube, and the inner tube is disposed inside the middle tube. The diameter of the outer tube is larger than that of the middle tube, and the middle tube and the inner tube are disposed inside the outer tube. The inner tube, middle tube, and outer tube are separated by tube walls, allowing the dialyzed blood in the middle tube to exchange heat with the inner and outer tubes during transport through the tube walls. The tube walls of the inner and middle tubes are made of a material with good thermal conductivity, such as medical-grade silicone for the outer surface of the tube wall and metal added to the interior of the tube wall, thereby improving the overall thermal conductivity of the tube wall.

[0014] According to a preferred embodiment, the outer tube wall includes an inner tube wall that separates it from the middle tube wall and an outer tube wall that contacts the external environment. The inner tube wall is made of a material with good thermal conductivity. Preferably, the outer surface of the tube wall is made of medical-grade silicone, the inside of the tube wall contains metal, and the outer tube wall is made of a heat-insulating material. For example, the side of the outer tube wall in contact with the liquid is made of medical-grade silicone, while the side in contact with the external environment can be covered with heat-insulating materials such as ultrafine glass wool or high-silica cotton.

[0015] According to a preferred embodiment, the heating assembly is provided with a first heating element for heating the undialyzed dialysate flowing from the dialysate pump. The first heating element may be a heating rod disposed inside the water tank. The third temperature detection module is disposed on the heating part of the first heating element, and it is capable of detecting the real-time temperature of the first heating element and transmitting the measured third temperature data to the processor.

[0016] According to a preferred embodiment, the heating assembly further includes a second heating element disposed within the pipe wall between the inner tube and the middle tube. The heating element surrounds the inner tube in the axial direction, and its shape can vary based on the pipe wall between the inner and middle tubes to heat the liquid in the pipeline component during liquid transport. Preferably, the second heating element can be an electric heating coil, uniformly distributed within the pipe wall between the inner and middle tubes and wound along the axial direction of the inner and middle tubes. A third temperature detection module is disposed on the surface of the second heating element, capable of detecting the real-time temperature of the second heating element and transmitting the measured third temperature data to a processor.

[0017] According to a preferred embodiment, the first end of the inner tube is connected to the dialysate delivery tube, and the second end is connected to the dialysate chamber, so that the heated but not yet dialyzed dialysate flowing in from the dialysate delivery tube can enter the dialysate chamber.

[0018] According to a preferred embodiment, the first end of the interlayer tube is connected to the hemodialysis chamber, and the second end is connected to the patient's infusion port, so that the blood after dialysis in the hemodialysis chamber can be returned to the human body through the interlayer tube.

[0019] According to a preferred embodiment, the first end of the outer tube is connected to the dialysis fluid chamber, and the second end is connected to the dialysis waste fluid delivery tube, so that the dialysis waste fluid can flow out through the outer tube.

[0020] According to a preferred embodiment, at least two chamber walls are provided between the dialysate chamber and the hemodialysis chamber, the surface area of ​​the chamber walls being smaller than the contact area between the dialysate chamber and the hemodialysis chamber, wherein the chamber walls are connected by a semi-permeable membrane, thereby enabling solute diffusion, permeation, and ultrafiltration of the patient's blood.

[0021] According to a preferred embodiment, the wall of the hemodialysis chamber is provided with an electrical circuit, and the heating element is electrically connected to an external power source through the wall of the hemodialysis chamber, so that the heating element can be connected to an external power source through the wall.

[0022] According to a preferred embodiment, a second temperature detection module is provided at the pipe wall where the second end of the middle layer tube connects to the inner layer tube. Preferably, the temperature detection module can be a temperature sensor, which is electrically connected to a temperature display through the pipe wall connecting the middle layer tube and the inner layer tube, as well as the wall of the hemodialysis chamber, and transmits the measured second temperature data to a processor.

[0023] According to a preferred embodiment, the outer tube is provided with a heat insulation cover, which covers the surface of the pipeline element to maintain a stable temperature when the pipeline element is transporting liquid. Preferably, the heat insulation cover can be made of ultrafine glass wool, and in use, simply covering the surface of the pipeline element with the heat insulation cover achieves the heat preservation effect.

[0024] According to a preferred embodiment, one end of the dialysate delivery tube is connected to the first end of the inner tube, and the other end is connected to the dialysate heating chamber, thereby enabling the heated dialysate to be delivered into the pipeline element.

[0025] According to a preferred embodiment, the device further includes a dialysate mixing pump and a drain outlet for generating dialysate, a dialysate delivery conduit, a dialysate drainage conduit, a pump element for circulating dialysate in the dialysate circulation, a first sealing component in the dialysate delivery conduit, and a second sealing component in the dialysate drainage conduit.

[0026] A method for heating during hemodialysis includes the following steps: S1: detecting the surface skin temperature of the temporal artery as first temperature data; S2: detecting the blood temperature upon entering the body as second temperature data; S3: detecting the temperature of the heating element as third temperature data; S4: calculating the blood thermal conductivity based on the second and third temperature data; S5: adjusting the heating amplitude of the heating component based on the difference between the first temperature data and a threshold value and the calculated blood thermal conductivity; S6: weighing the undialyzed dialysate to obtain weight data; S7: calculating the dialysis rate and blood flow rate based on the changes in the weight data and the time of change; S8: calculating the blood flow temperature rise rate per unit volume based on the dialysis rate and blood flow rate, and then adjusting the temperature of the heating component.

[0027] The advantages of this invention are:

[0028] First, the body's condition is assessed by measuring the temperature of the temporal artery, the temperature of the blood entering the body, and the temperature of the heating component. Since the blood composition varies among different patients, the thermal conductivity of their blood also varies. Based on the temperature of the blood entering the body and the temperature of the heating component, the thermal conductivity of the blood can be calculated. By measuring the blood flow rate, the heating component can be adjusted to a suitable temperature more accurately within a predetermined time, thus achieving precise control of the blood temperature.

[0029] Second: Measuring the temperature of the temporal artery as the core body temperature is more accurate than measuring the temperature of other parts of the body.

[0030] Third: The piping components are set as a three-layer nested system. The heated undialyzed dialysate is introduced through the inner layer, the blood is introduced through the middle layer, and the dialyzed waste liquid flows out through the outer layer. The three layers are separated by the pipe walls, which are made of a heat-conducting material that can quickly conduct heat to raise or lower the blood temperature. The residual heat of the dialyzed waste liquid flowing out also has a heat preservation effect. Attached Figure Description

[0031] Figure 1 This is a flowchart of the hemodialysis heating method of the present invention;

[0032] Figure 2 This is a simplified structural diagram of the piping components of the hemodialysis heating device of the present invention.

[0033] List of reference numerals

[0034] 100: Piping component; 110: Inner layer pipe; 120: Middle layer pipe; 130: Outer layer pipe;

[0035] S1: Detect the surface skin temperature of the temporal artery as the first temperature data; S2: Detect the blood temperature upon entering the body as the second temperature data; S3: Detect the temperature of the heating element as the third temperature data; S4: Calculate the blood thermal conductivity based on the second and third temperature data; S5: Adjust the heating element's temperature rise based on the difference between the first temperature data and the threshold, and the calculated blood thermal conductivity; S6: Weigh the undialyzed dialysate to obtain weight data; S7: Calculate the dialysis rate and blood flow rate based on the changes in weight data and the time of change; S8: Calculate the blood flow temperature rise rate per unit volume based on the dialysis rate and blood flow rate, and then adjust the temperature of the heating element accordingly. Detailed Implementation

[0036] The present invention will now be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0037] This invention includes a processor, a first temperature detection module (located on the patient's forehead and electrically connected to the processor during detection to detect the temperature of the temporal artery, and sending the detected first temperature data to the processor after detection), a second temperature detection module (detecting the blood temperature upon entry into the body, and sending the detected second temperature data to the processor after detection), and a third temperature detection module (detecting the temperature of a heating component, and sending the detected third temperature data to the processor after detection). The processor calculates the blood thermal conductivity based on the second and third temperature data, and adjusts the heating amplitude of the heating component based on the difference between the first temperature data and a threshold and the calculated blood thermal conductivity, so that the blood temperature upon entry into the body can change in the direction of restoring the body to normal temperature according to different body temperature states. In this solution, at least one part of the heating component is used to heat the dialysate, and the blood is heated by non-contact heat exchange between the dialysate and the blood that has been dialyzed and is about to flow into the patient. This makes the heating structure of this solution simple, and the processing technology and manufacturing cost can be reduced to a relatively low level. There is no need to make extensive modifications to the inside of the pipeline. In some embodiments, the heating mechanism of this solution can be as simple as using existing equipment such as heating rods and heating blocks. Simultaneously, this scheme selects to simultaneously detect the temperature of the heating component and the temperature of the blood flowing into the patient's body, treating the process of heat entering the dialysate from the heating component and the process of heat entering the blood from the dialysate as a black box. Under the condition that all other conditions (such as the thermal conductivity coefficients of the heating component and dialysate, the flow rate and composition of the dialysate, the flow rate and composition of the blood, etc.) remain constant (in reality, these parameters generally do not change significantly in a single dialysis event), the relationship between the second and third temperatures can be obtained through a limited number of reasonable experiments. This relationship may be linear or non-linear. Based on the determined relationship, combined with the difference between the current second temperature and the first temperature, i.e., the core body temperature, it is possible to determine the adjustment range of the third temperature to make the second temperature approach or even equal to the first temperature. The threshold is set to a minimum of 36℃ and a maximum of 37.2℃. When the measured first temperature data is below 36℃, the processor calculates the adjustment temperature of the heating component to raise the blood temperature to 36.5℃ within 10 seconds based on the calculated blood thermal conductivity, and controls the heating component to heat up. When the first measured temperature data is higher than 37.2℃, the processor calculates the adjustment temperature of the heating component to reduce the blood temperature to 36.5℃ within 10 seconds based on the calculated blood thermal conductivity, and controls the heating component to cool down.

[0038] According to a preferred embodiment, the device further includes a weighing module for weighing the undialyzed dialysate. After weighing, the weighing module sends the detected weight data to the processor. The processor calculates the dialysis rate and blood flow rate based on the changes in the weight data and the time elapsed since the changes.

[0039] According to a preferred embodiment, the processor calculates the rate of blood flow temperature rise per unit volume based on the dialysis rate and blood flow rate, and then adjusts the temperature of the heating element.

[0040] According to a preferred embodiment, such as Figure 2 As shown, the device also includes a tubing element 100, which is provided with an inner tube 110 for introducing heated but not yet dialyzed dialysate; a middle tube 120 for introducing dialyzed blood to allow it to flow back into the body; and an outer tube 130 for introducing dialyzed waste liquid. The diameter of the middle tube 120 is larger than that of the inner tube 110, and the inner tube 110 is disposed inside the middle tube 120. The diameter of the outer tube 130 is larger than that of the middle tube 120, and the middle tube 120 and the inner tube 110 are disposed inside the outer tube 130. The inner tube 110, the middle tube 120, and the outer tube 130 are separated by tube walls so that the dialyzed blood in the middle tube 120 can exchange heat with the inner tube 110 and the outer tube 130 through the tube walls during transportation. The inner tube 110 and the middle tube 120 are made of materials with good thermal conductivity, such as medical silicone material on the outer surface of the tube wall and metal added inside the tube wall, thereby improving the overall thermal conductivity of the tube wall.

[0041] According to a preferred embodiment, the outer tube 130 includes an inner tube wall that separates it from the middle tube 120 and an outer tube wall that is in contact with the external environment. The inner tube wall is made of a material with good thermal conductivity, such as medical silicone material on the outer surface of the tube wall and metal added inside the tube wall. The outer tube wall is made of a heat-insulating material, such as medical silicone material on the side of the outer tube wall that is in contact with the liquid, and heat-insulating materials such as ultrafine glass wool and high-silica cotton on the side that is in contact with the external environment.

[0042] According to a preferred embodiment, the heating assembly is provided with a first heating element for heating the undialyzed dialysate flowing out from the dialysate pump. The first heating element may be a heating rod, which is disposed inside the water tank. A third temperature detection module is disposed on the heating part of the first heating element, which can detect the real-time temperature of the first heating element and transmit the measured third temperature data to the processor.

[0043] According to a preferred embodiment, the heating assembly further includes a second heating element disposed within the pipe wall between the inner tube 110 and the middle tube 120. The heating element surrounds the inner tube 110 in the axial direction, and the shape of the second heating element can vary based on the pipe wall between the inner tube 110 and the middle tube 120, so as to heat the liquid in the pipeline element 100 during liquid transport. Preferably, the second heating element can be an electric heating coil, which is uniformly distributed within the pipe wall between the inner tube 110 and the middle tube 120 and wound along the axial direction of the inner tube 110 and the middle tube 120. A third temperature detection module is disposed on the surface of the second heating element, which can detect the real-time temperature of the second heating element and transmit the measured third temperature data to a processor.

[0044] According to a preferred embodiment, the inner tube 110 has a first end connected to the dialysate delivery tube and a second end connected to the dialysate chamber, so that the heated but not yet dialyzed dialysate flowing in from the dialysate delivery tube can enter the dialysate chamber.

[0045] According to a preferred embodiment, the first end of the interlayer tube 120 is connected to the hemodialysis room, and the second end is connected to the patient's infusion end, so that the blood after dialysis in the hemodialysis room can be returned to the human body through the interlayer tube 120.

[0046] According to a preferred embodiment, the outer tube 130 has a first end connected to the dialysis fluid chamber and a second end connected to the dialysis waste fluid delivery tube, so that the dialysis waste fluid can flow out through the outer tube 130.

[0047] According to a preferred embodiment, at least two chamber walls are provided between the dialysate chamber and the hemodialysis chamber. The surface area of ​​the chamber walls is smaller than the contact area between the dialysate chamber and the hemodialysis chamber. The chamber walls are connected by a semi-permeable membrane, thereby enabling solute diffusion, permeation, and ultrafiltration of the patient's blood.

[0048] According to a preferred embodiment, the wall of the hemodialysis chamber is provided with an electrical circuit, and the heating element is electrically connected to an external power source through the wall of the hemodialysis chamber, so that the heating element can be connected to an external power source through the wall.

[0049] According to a preferred embodiment, a second temperature detection module is provided at the pipe wall where the second end of the middle layer tube 120 connects to the inner layer tube 110. The temperature detection module is a temperature sensor. The temperature sensor is electrically connected to a temperature display through the pipe wall where the middle layer tube 120 and the inner layer tube 110 connect and the wall of the hemodialysis chamber, and transmits the measured second temperature data to the processor.

[0050] According to a preferred embodiment, the outer tube 130 is provided with a heat insulation cover, which covers the surface of the pipe element 100 so that the pipe element 100 can maintain a stable temperature when conveying liquid.

[0051] According to a preferred embodiment, one end of the dialysate delivery tube is connected to the first end of the inner tube 110, and the other end is connected to the dialysate heating chamber, thereby enabling the heated dialysate to be delivered into the pipeline element 100.

[0052] According to a preferred embodiment, the apparatus further includes a dialysate mixing pump and a drain port for generating dialysate, a dialysate delivery conduit, a dialysate drainage conduit, a pump element for circulating dialysate in the dialysate circulation, and a first sealing component in the dialysate delivery conduit and a second sealing component in the dialysate drainage conduit. The dialysate flows from the dialysate mixing pump through the dialysate delivery conduit to the dialysate chamber, and from the dialysate chamber through the dialysate drainage conduit to the drain port.

[0053] A method for heating blood dialysis, such as Figure 1 As shown, the procedure includes the following steps: S1: Detecting the temperature of the temporal artery as the first temperature data; S2: Detecting the temperature of the blood entering the body as the second temperature data; S3: Detecting the temperature of the heating element as the third temperature data; S4: Calculating the thermal conductivity of the blood based on the second and third temperature data; S5: Adjusting the heating element's temperature rise based on the difference between the first temperature data and a threshold value and the calculated thermal conductivity of the blood; S6: Weighing the undialyzed dialysate to obtain weight data; S7: Calculating the dialysis rate and blood flow rate based on the changes in weight data and the time of change; S8: Calculating the blood flow temperature rise rate per unit volume based on the dialysis rate and blood flow rate, and then adjusting the temperature of the heating element accordingly.

[0054] It should be noted that the specific embodiments described above are exemplary, and those skilled in the art can devise various solutions inspired by the disclosure of this invention. These solutions all fall within the scope of this invention and its protection. Those skilled in the art should understand that this specification and its accompanying drawings are illustrative and not intended to limit the scope of the claims. The scope of protection of this invention is defined by the claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A hemodialysis heating device, equipped with a processor and a temperature detection module, characterized in that, The temperature detection module includes: The first temperature detection module is placed on the patient's head during detection to detect the surface skin temperature of the temporal artery. After the detection is completed, the first temperature detection module can send the detected first temperature data to the processor. The second temperature detection module is used to detect the blood temperature when it enters the human body. After the detection is completed, the second temperature detection module can send the detected second temperature data to the processor. The third temperature detection module is used to detect the temperature of the heating component. After the detection is completed, the third temperature detection module can send the detected third temperature data to the processor. The processor can calculate the thermal conductivity of blood based on the second temperature data and the third temperature data, and adjust the heating amplitude of the heating component based on the difference between the first temperature data and the threshold and the calculated thermal conductivity of blood, so that the liquid temperature when entering the human body can change in the direction of restoring the human body to normal temperature according to the different human body temperature states. Based on the corresponding data between the acquired third temperature and the second temperature, the processor generates a relationship rule between the second temperature and the third temperature. Based on the relationship rule, it monitors the current temperature of the third temperature. When the third temperature exceeds a threshold, it controls the heating component to reduce the output power so that the third temperature drops below the threshold. When the third temperature is at the threshold, the second temperature, which changes laggingly based on the relationship rule, is at the input warning temperature value, which is lower than the input temperature damage value.

2. The hemodialysis heating device according to claim 1, characterized in that, It also includes a weighing module, which is used to weigh the undialyzed dialysate. After weighing, the weighing module sends the detected weight data to the processor.

3. The hemodialysis heating device according to claim 2, characterized in that, The processor calculates the dialysis rate and blood flow rate based on the changes in the weight data and the time of the changes.

4. The hemodialysis heating device according to claim 3, characterized in that, The processor calculates the rate of blood temperature rise per unit volume based on the dialysis rate and blood flow rate, and then adjusts the temperature of the heating component accordingly.

5. The hemodialysis heating device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The system includes a piping element (100) having an inner tube (110) for introducing heated but not yet dialyzed dialysate; a middle tube (120) for introducing dialyzed blood to allow it to flow back into the body; and an outer tube (130) for introducing dialyzed waste liquid. The diameter of the middle tube (120) is larger than the diameter of the inner tube (110), and the inner tube (110) is disposed inside the middle tube (120).

6. The hemodialysis heating device according to claim 5, characterized in that, The diameter of the outer tube (130) is larger than that of the middle tube (120), and the middle tube (120) and the inner tube (110) are disposed inside the outer tube (130).

7. The hemodialysis heating device according to claim 6, characterized in that, The inner tube (110), the middle tube (120), and the outer tube (130) are separated by tube walls so that the dialyzed blood in the middle tube (120) can exchange heat with the inner tube (110) and the outer tube (130) through the tube walls during transport.

8. A hemodialysis heating method, applied to the hemodialysis heating apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: The surface skin temperature of the temporal artery is detected as the first temperature data; the blood temperature upon entering the human body is detected as the second temperature data; the temperature of the heating component is detected as the third temperature data; the thermal conductivity of the blood is calculated based on the second and third temperature data; the temperature rise of the heating component is adjusted based on the difference between the first temperature data and a threshold and the calculated thermal conductivity of the blood. Based on the corresponding data between the acquired third temperature and the second temperature, a relationship rule between the second temperature and the third temperature is generated. The current temperature of the third temperature is monitored based on the relationship rule. When the third temperature exceeds the threshold, the heating component is controlled to reduce the output power so that the third temperature is reduced to below the threshold. When the third temperature is at the threshold, the second temperature, which changes laggingly based on the relationship rule, is at the input warning temperature value, which is lower than the input temperature damage value.

9. The hemodialysis heating method according to claim 8, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: Weigh the undialyzed dialysate to obtain the weight data.

10. The hemodialysis heating method according to claim 9, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: Dialysis rate and blood flow rate are calculated based on the changes in the weight data and the time of the changes. The temperature rise rate of blood flow per unit volume is calculated based on the dialysis rate and blood flow rate, and then the temperature of the heating component is adjusted accordingly.

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