A device and method for testing the magnetic holding force and load carrying capacity of an electromagnet

Abstract

The invention discloses an electromagnet magnetic holding force and load-carrying capacity testing device and method, including an electromagnet magnetic pressure holding force and an electromagnet magnetic pulling holding force testing device and method, which apply a vertical downward magnetic holding force to the electromagnet to be tested, so as to test the load force that the electromagnet core rod can bear in the extended state and the contracted state; and an electromagnet load-carrying capacity testing device and method, which apply a vertical downward load-carrying force to the electromagnet to be tested, so as to test the ability of the core rod to drive the load to move together. The invention has a simple structure, strong practicality and versatility, low cost, and the electromagnet adopts automatic positioning and quick-change clamping, high detection efficiency, high measurement accuracy, and is suitable for small batch and large batch product detection.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of electromagnet performance testing, and in particular to a device and method for testing the magnetic holding force and load capacity of an electromagnet. Background Art

[0002] At present, the test of the magnetic holding force and load-carrying capacity of electromagnets is the traditional test method of manually lifting and pressing weights. The conventional operation method for measuring the magnetic holding force of electromagnets is to wear a ring on the neck of the weight, and hold the ring by hand (the ring is connected to the weight) to let the weight fall on the end face of the small core rod of the electromagnet. At this time, the weight cannot be placed vertically on the end face of the small core rod of the electromagnet and at the center of the end face of the small core rod of the electromagnet. At this time, the hand holding the ring cannot be completely released, otherwise the weight will slide off the end face of the small core rod of the electromagnet, which will cause the force applied to the electromagnet to be different from the force applied in the ideal state, and the actual force will be reduced, affecting the test effect. When the force application point is offset and the applied load is large, it will affect and damage the performance of the electromagnet. The method of measuring the load-carrying capacity of an electromagnet is that a person holds the electromagnet to be measured, and a ring is passed through the neck of the weight, which is connected to the core rod of the electromagnet to be measured. It is impossible for a person to hold the electromagnet vertically downward, that is, the force direction of the electromagnet core rod cannot be vertically downward. This will cause the force applied to the electromagnet to be different from the force applied under ideal conditions. When the load-carrying capacity is not very large, the impact on the test effect is more obvious.

[0003] The lack of reliable test equipment guarantees poor reliability of test results, non-standard test methods, large randomness of test results, poor consistency, easy misjudgment, and low test efficiency restrict the efficiency of testing the magnetic holding force and load capacity of the electromagnet.

[0004] In summary, it is imperative to design a test device for the magnetic holding force and load capacity of an electromagnet to improve the reliability of the test results. The electromagnet under test adopts automatic positioning and quick-change clamping to ensure that the force direction is vertically downward under ideal conditions, meet the test requirements put forward by the product design department, improve the test efficiency, and be suitable for batch production product testing. Summary of the invention

[0005] In order to overcome the shortcomings of traditional detection devices such as poor reliability of test results, non-standard test methods, large randomness of test results, poor consistency, easy misjudgment, and unsuitability for batch product inspection, the present invention provides an electromagnet magnetic holding force and load capacity testing device and method, which effectively solves the problem of electromagnet magnetic holding force and load capacity testing.

[0006] To achieve the above object, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions:

[0007] An electromagnet magnetic holding force and load-carrying capacity testing device comprises a testing platform and an electromagnet to be tested, and also comprises an electromagnet magnetic holding force testing device arranged on the testing platform, which is used to apply a vertical downward magnetic holding force to the electromagnet to be tested, so as to test the load force that the electromagnet core rod can withstand in the extended state and the retracted state; an electromagnet load-carrying capacity testing device, which is used to apply a vertical downward load-carrying force to the electromagnet to be tested, so as to test the ability of the core rod to drive the load to move together; and a DC regulated power supply, which is used to supply a corresponding voltage to the electromagnet to be tested.

[0008] As a preferred embodiment of the above scheme, the electromagnet magnetic holding force testing device includes a magnetic pressure holding force testing unit and a magnetic pull holding force testing unit;

[0009] The magnetic pressure holding force test unit includes a base, a column arranged on the base, a support column, and load one and load two. The two ends of the base are provided with end holes, and the end holes are interference-fitted with the columns. The middle part is provided with a hole for placing and positioning the electromagnet to be tested, and the axis of the hole is parallel to the axes of the two end holes; the column is arranged in the end hole and passes through load one and load two upward, and the column and load one and load two are clearance-fitted; the upper and lower end faces of the support column are in contact with load one and the base respectively, and are used to support and pre-limit load one and load two;

[0010] The magnetic pull holding force test unit comprises a load tray and a load three, wherein the upper end of the load tray is threadedly connected to the electromagnet core rod to be tested, two load threes are placed on the load tray, and a guide groove is provided on the load three.

[0011] As a preferred embodiment of the above scheme, the loads 1 and 2 are both provided with guide holes cooperating with the columns, a boss is provided in the middle of a lower surface of the load, the boss is provided with an inner hole, and the end face of the inner hole is perpendicular to the guide hole.

[0012] As a preferred embodiment of the above scheme, the electromagnet load capacity testing device includes an electromagnet clamping and positioning mechanism, a load applying mechanism, a load lifting mechanism and an electromagnet leveling mechanism; the electromagnet clamping and positioning mechanism is used to support, clamp and position the electromagnet under test; the load applying mechanism is arranged at the upper inner part of the electromagnet clamping and positioning mechanism, and is used to apply a load to the electromagnet; the load lifting mechanism is arranged below the load applying mechanism, and is used to avoid the impact on the electromagnet caused by the instantaneous release of the load applying mechanism; the electromagnet leveling mechanism is arranged below the electromagnet clamping and positioning mechanism, and is used to level the upper plane of the electromagnet clamping and positioning mechanism.

[0013] As a preferred embodiment of the above scheme, the electromagnet clamping and positioning mechanism includes an upper support plate, a support rod, a support sleeve, a long screw, a positioning sleeve, a sleeve, a quick-change rotary pressure plate, and a base plate; the lower ends of the upper support plate are threadedly connected to the support rod, and the upper middle part is threadedly connected to the support sleeve and the long screw, and the middle part is interference fit with the positioning sleeve and the sleeve, and a spirit level is placed on the plane of the upper support plate; the lower part of the support rod is clearance fit with the base plate and is locked by a nut; the top of the support sleeve is connected to the quick-change rotary pressure plate by a screw; the upper end face of the positioning sleeve is parallel to the plane of the upper support plate, and is used to support the electromagnet under test; the upper end of the sleeve is provided with a step, which is used to quickly clamp and position the electromagnet under test and prevent its radial movement; the positioning sleeve and the sleeve are both provided with avoidance grooves; the quick-change rotary pressure plate is used to prevent the electromagnet from moving up and down during testing, a pad is bonded to the lower surface, and a quick-change groove is opened at the right end.

[0014] As a preferred embodiment of the above scheme, the load applying mechanism includes a suspension rod and a weight. The suspension rod is arranged in a positioning sleeve through a positioning sleeve and a sleeve avoidance groove. The upper end is threadedly connected to the core rod of the electromagnet, and the lower end is provided with a Z-shaped groove. A weight pulled by cotton thread or cotton rope is hung in the Z-shaped groove.

[0015] As a preferred embodiment of the above scheme, the load lifting mechanism includes a support and a fixed sleeve threadedly connected above the base plate, the top of the support is connected to the cross support plate by a screw, the cross support plate is interference fit with a copper sleeve, the copper sleeve has a clearance fit with a sliding sleeve and a guide key, the inner cavity of the sliding sleeve is connected to the bearing and the end cover, the bearing is interference fit with the transmission rod and is fastened by the end face of the locking pin, and the transmission rod is threadedly connected to the fixed sleeve.

[0016] As a preferred embodiment of the above scheme, the electromagnet leveling mechanism includes four adjustable supports threadedly connected below the base plate, which are used to level the upper plane of the upper support plate.

[0017] A method for testing the magnetic holding force and load-carrying capacity of an electromagnet includes a test of the magnetic holding force of an electromagnet and a test of the load-carrying capacity of an electromagnet. The test of the magnetic holding force of an electromagnet includes: when the armature is in an initial state, i.e., an extended state, a magnetic pressure holding force testing unit of an electromagnet magnetic holding force testing device is used to axially apply a pressure of a corresponding load on the armature, the armature works for a corresponding time and keeps the initial state unchanged, and the load force that the electromagnet core rod can withstand in the extended state is tested; when the armature is in a retracted state, a magnetic tension holding force testing unit of an electromagnet magnetic holding force testing device is used to axially suspend a corresponding load on the armature, the armature works for a corresponding time and keeps the retracted state unchanged, and the load force that the electromagnet core rod can withstand in the retracted state is tested;

[0018] The electromagnet load-carrying capacity test includes: using a spirit level to adjust four adjustable supports to level the plane on the upper support plate of the electromagnet load-carrying capacity test device; when the electromagnet is in an extended state, the suspension rod on the electromagnet load-carrying capacity test device is screwed onto the electromagnet, and the electromagnet is fixed to the electromagnet load-carrying capacity test device with a rotating pressure plate, and corresponding weights are hung in the Z-shaped groove of the suspension rod through cotton thread or cotton rope, and the weights are placed on the upper end surface of the sliding sleeve, and the cotton rope is in a free state, and the transmission rod is rotated clockwise until the sliding sleeve and the weights are disengaged, ensuring that the force direction of the weights coincides with the force direction of the electromagnet and is vertically downward, and the positive and negative poles of the electromagnet are connected to the positive and negative poles of the power supply, and then the corresponding voltage is applied to test whether the electromagnet can be reliably converted from an extended state to a retracted state.

[0019] As a preferred embodiment of the above scheme, when testing the magnetic pressure holding force of the electromagnet, the sliding distance of load one along the column is manually divided into two stages. In the first stage, a person drags load one and load two to slide downward along the column so that load one and load two rest on the upper end surface of the support column; in the second stage, a person gently lifts load one and load two, and at this time another person removes the two support columns with both hands at the same time, and the person drags load one and load two to slide slowly and uniformly downward along the column. When load one contacts the electromagnet under test, the person releases his hand; load one and load two are matched with the gap of the column and slide freely up and down vertically along the column, which is used to apply magnetic holding force to the electromagnet under ideal conditions.

[0020] Due to the above structure, the beneficial effects of the present invention are:

[0021] The present invention integrates an electromagnet magnetic holding force test device and an electromagnet load capacity test device, has a simple structure, strong practicability and versatility, and low cost. The electromagnet adopts automatic positioning and quick-change clamping, has high detection efficiency and high measurement accuracy, and is suitable for small batch and large batch product detection. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0022] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention, the drawings required for describing the embodiments are briefly introduced below.

[0023] Figure 1 It is a structural diagram of a magnetic pressure holding force testing unit of an electromagnet magnetic holding force testing device of the present invention;

[0024] Figure 2 It is a structural diagram of a magnetic pull holding force testing unit of an electromagnet magnetic holding force testing device of the present invention;

[0025] Figure 3 It is a structural diagram of the electromagnet load capacity testing device of the present invention;

[0026] Figure 4 A three-dimensional diagram of the electromagnet load capacity testing device of the present invention;

[0027] Figure 5 A bottom view of the electromagnet load capacity testing device of the present invention;

[0028] Figure 6 , Figure 7 It is the appearance diagram of the electromagnet to be tested of the present invention;

[0029] Figure 8 It is the appearance diagram of the suspension rod of the present invention;

[0030] Fig. 9 It is the appearance diagram of the sleeve of the present invention;

[0031] In the figure, 1-upper support plate, 2-support rod, 3-bottom plate, 4-hanging rod, 5-sleeve, 6-sliding sleeve, 7-end cover, 8-copper sleeve, 9-guide key, 10-bearing, 11-support, 12-transmission rod, 13-fixed sleeve, 14-cross support plate, 15-positioning sleeve, 16-weight, 17-adjustable support, 18-quick-change rotary pressure plate, 19-support sleeve, 20-locking nail, 21-pad, 22-screw one, 23-long screw, 24-screw two, 25-screw three, 26-nut, 101-base, 102-support column, 103-load one, 104-load two, 105-column, 106-load tray, 107 load three. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0032] The technical solution of the present invention will be described clearly and completely below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings of the present invention. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in the field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0033] The present embodiment provides an electromagnet magnetic holding force and load-carrying capacity testing device, comprising a testing platform and an electromagnet to be tested, and also comprising an electromagnet magnetic holding force testing device arranged on the testing platform, which is used to apply a vertical downward magnetic holding force to the electromagnet to be tested, so as to test the load force that the electromagnet core rod can withstand in the extended state and the retracted state; an electromagnet load-carrying capacity testing device, which is used to apply a vertical downward load-carrying force to the electromagnet to be tested, so as to test the ability of the core rod to drive the load to move together; and a DC regulated power supply, which is used to supply a corresponding voltage to the electromagnet to be tested.

[0034] The electromagnet magnetic holding force testing device comprises a magnetic pressure holding force testing unit and a magnetic pull holding force testing unit;

[0035] like Figure 1As shown, the magnetic pressure holding force test unit includes a base 101, a column 105 arranged on the base 101, a support column 102, and loads 103 and 104. End holes are provided at both ends of the base 101, and the hole spacing tolerance at both ends is ±0.01mm and is interference fit (H7 / p6) with the column 105, which is used to fasten and position the column 105; a hole is provided in the middle of the base 101 for placing and positioning the electromagnet to be tested, and the axis of the hole is parallel to the axes of the two end holes. The column 105 is arranged in the end hole and passes through the load 103 and the load 104 upward. The column 105 and the load 103 and the load 104 are all clearance-fitted (H7 / e9). The load 103 and the load 104 are both provided with guide holes that match the column 105, and can slide vertically and freely up and down along the column 105, and are used to apply magnetic holding force to the electromagnet under ideal conditions; a boss is provided in the middle of the lower surface of the load 103, and the boss is provided with an inner hole, and the end face of the inner hole is perpendicular to the guide hole, and the distance tolerance between the two guide holes is ±0.01. The boss can avoid the electromagnet wire to prevent the wire from being crushed during testing; the load 103 and the load 104 together constitute the electromagnet magnetic holding force, and the load is divided into two bodies to avoid the load being too heavy and inconvenient to apply, which is used for the load 103 and the load 104 to fall vertically and freely on the electromagnet to form a magnetic holding force. The upper and lower end surfaces of the support column 102 are in contact with the load 103 and the base 101 respectively. The height tolerance of the two support columns 102 is ±0.01, which is used to support and pre-limit the load 103 and the load 104 to prevent the person holding the load 103 and the load 104 from falling down along the column 105 for a long distance. When the load 103 and the electromagnet are in contact, the human hand becomes dull. When the human hand slowly releases the load 103 and the load 104, it is easy to cause an impact on the electromagnet, which artificially increases the load mass;

[0036] like Figure 2 As shown, the magnetic pulling holding force test unit includes a load tray 106 and a load three 107. The upper end of the load tray 106 is threadedly connected to the electromagnet core rod to be tested. Two load threes 107 are placed on the load tray 106 to form the electromagnet magnetic holding force together with the load three 107. At the same time, the load three 107 is designed to avoid being inconvenient to apply due to the heavy load. A guide groove is provided on the load three 107.

[0037] like Figure 3As shown, the electromagnet load capacity testing device includes an electromagnet clamping and positioning mechanism, a load applying mechanism, a load lifting mechanism and an electromagnet leveling mechanism; the electromagnet clamping and positioning mechanism is used to support, clamp and position the electromagnet under test; the load applying mechanism is arranged at the upper inner part of the electromagnet clamping and positioning mechanism, and is used to apply a load to the electromagnet; the load lifting mechanism is arranged below the load applying mechanism, and is used to avoid the impact on the electromagnet caused by the instantaneous release of the load applying mechanism; the electromagnet leveling mechanism is arranged below the electromagnet clamping and positioning mechanism, and is used to level the upper plane of the electromagnet clamping and positioning mechanism.

[0038] in:

[0039] The electromagnet clamping and positioning mechanism includes an upper support plate 1, a support rod 2, a support sleeve 19, a long screw 23, a positioning sleeve 15, a sleeve 5, a quick-change rotary pressure plate 18, and a bottom plate 3; the lower ends of the upper support plate 1 are threadedly connected to the support rod 2, and the upper middle part is threadedly connected to the support sleeve 19 and the long screw 23, and the middle part is interference fit with the positioning sleeve 15 and the sleeve 5, which is used to support and fix the above parts, and a level is placed on the upper plane of the upper support plate 1 (to level the upper plane of the upper support plate 1); the lower part of the support rod 2 is clearance-matched with the bottom plate 3, and is threadedly connected to the nut 26, and the nut 26 is used to support and connect the upper support plate 1 and the bottom plate 3; the top of the support sleeve 19 is connected to the quick-change rotary pressure plate 18 by a screw 22, and the quick-change rotary pressure plate 18 can Rotate clockwise and counterclockwise; the upper end surface of the positioning sleeve 15 is parallel to the upper plane of the upper support plate 1, and is used to support the electromagnet under test; the upper end of the sleeve 5 is provided with a step, which is used to quickly clamp and position the electromagnet under test and prevent it from moving radially, and the step facilitates radial quick replacement of the electromagnet under test; the positioning sleeve 15 and the sleeve 5 are both provided with avoidance grooves, which are used to prevent the core rod of the electromagnet under test from contacting it when the core rod is extended and retracted, generating friction resistance and affecting the test effect of the electromagnet load capacity; the quick-change rotating pressure plate 18 is used to fix the electromagnet to prevent it from moving up and down during the test of the electromagnet, and a pad 21 is bonded to the lower surface to prevent damage to the electromagnet, and a quick-change groove is opened on the right end, which can be rotated clockwise and counterclockwise to realize quick replacement and clamping of the electromagnet.

[0040] The load applying mechanism includes a suspension rod 4 and a weight 16. The suspension rod 4 is arranged in the positioning sleeve 15 through the positioning sleeve 15 and the avoidance groove of the sleeve 5. The upper end of the suspension rod 4 is threadedly connected to the core rod of the electromagnet, and the lower end is provided with a Z-shaped groove. The Z-shaped groove is hung with a weight 16 pulled by a Φ1mm cotton thread or cotton rope. According to the load-bearing capacity of the electromagnet to be measured, the corresponding weight 16 is designed and manufactured, and is used to apply the corresponding load to the electromagnet to be measured.

[0041] The load lifting mechanism includes a support 11, a fixing sleeve 13, and a screw three 25 which are threadedly connected above the base plate 3. The top of the support 11 is connected to the transverse support plate 14 by a screw two 24, which is used to support and fix the transverse support plate 14. The transverse support plate 14 is interference-fitted with a copper sleeve 8 for fixing the copper sleeve 8. The copper sleeve 8 has a clearance fit with a sliding sleeve 6 and a guide key 9 to ensure that the sliding sleeve 6 slides up and down. The inner cavity of the sliding sleeve 6 is connected to the NSK708A bearing 10 and the end cover 7 for fixing the bearing 10. The bearing 10 is interference-fitted with the transmission rod 12 and is fastened by the end face of the locking pin 20, which is used to drive the sliding sleeve 6 to slide up and down when the transmission rod 12 rotates and moves up and down. The transmission rod 12 is threadedly connected to the fixing sleeve 13, which is used to support and lift the NSK708A bearing 10.

[0042] The electromagnet leveling mechanism includes four adjustable supports 17 threadedly connected below the bottom plate 3, which are used to level the upper plane of the upper support plate 1. A level is placed on the upper plane of the upper support plate 1, and the level is moved left and right, front and back to make the upper plane of the upper support plate 1 level.

[0043] The working process of the above structure is:

[0044] Working process of the electromagnet magnetic holding force test device:

[0045] (1) Working process of the electromagnetic magnetic pressure holding force test unit: Figure 1As shown, power is supplied to the electromagnet to be tested, so that the electromagnet core rod is extended, and then the power is turned off and the circuit is disconnected. The magnetic pressure holding force test unit of the electromagnet magnetic holding force test device first removes load 103 and load 104, and the base 101 is placed on the platform, and the electromagnet to be tested is placed in the middle hole of the base 101. Hold load 103 with both hands (the surface with the boss is facing downward) and move downward along the column 105, so that load 103 falls on the upper end surfaces of the two support columns 102. Similarly, hold load 104 with both hands and move downward along the column 105, so that load 104 falls on the upper end surfaces of load 103. Hold load 103 and load 104 (i.e., magnetic holding force) with both hands and move upward for about 1 mm and then stop. At this time, another person removes the two support columns 102 at the same time. Hold load 103 and load 104 with both hands and move slowly downward along the column 105 until load 103 contacts the end surface of the electromagnet core rod, and release both hands. The two support columns 102 can effectively eliminate the instantaneous impact of the load on the electromagnet. After the magnetic holding force test is completed, hold the load 103 and load 104 with both hands and move them upward along the column 105 until the electromagnet that has been tested can be taken out of the middle hole of the base 101, and then put in another electromagnet to be tested, and put the two previously removed support columns 102 back to their original positions, and then hold the load 103 and load 104 with both hands and move them downward along the column 105 until the load 103 falls on the upper end surfaces of the two support columns 102. Hold the load 103 and load 104 (i.e., the magnetic holding force) with both hands and move upward for about 1 mm and then stop. At this time, another person removes the two support columns 102 at the same time. Hold the load 103 and load 104 with both hands and move them slowly downward along the column 105 until the load 103 contacts the end surface of the electromagnet core rod, and release both hands.

[0046] (2) Working process of the electromagnetic pull holding force test unit: Figure 2 As shown, power is supplied to the electromagnet to be tested, so that the electromagnet core rod is converted from an extended state to a retracted state, and then the power is turned off and the circuit is disconnected. The load tray 106 and the two loads 107 constitute the electromagnet to be tested to withstand the magnetic pull holding force. The two loads 107 are placed on the load tray 106, and the electromagnet to be tested is installed on the upper end of the load tray 106 through a threaded connection. The electromagnet to be tested is held by hand and slowly lifted vertically by the load tray 106. After the test is completed, put down the load tray 106, remove the electromagnet to be tested, and replace it with another electromagnet to be tested.

[0047] Working process of the electromagnet load capacity test device: Figure 3As shown, the spirit level is placed on the upper support plate 1, and the spirit level is kept horizontal by adjusting the four adjustable supports 17, that is, the upper end surface of the upper support plate 1 is kept horizontal; loosen the long screw 23 and the screw 1 22, and rotate the quick-change rotary pressure plate 18 counterclockwise; after the upper end of the suspension rod 4 is screwed into the electromagnet core rod to be measured, the end surface of the shell of the electromagnet (core rod section) to be measured is installed on the upper end surface of the positioning sleeve 15 and the outer cylindrical surface of the electromagnet (core rod section) to be measured is fitted with the sleeve 5 to limit and position the electromagnet to be measured; rotate the quick-change rotary pressure plate 18 clockwise to make the quick-change rotary pressure plate 18 and the cushion 21 press the upper end surface of the electromagnet to be measured to prevent the electromagnet from moving up and down when it changes from the contracted state to the extended state; rotate the transmission rod 12 counterclockwise to make the sliding sleeve 6 slide upward and rise to a suitable position; the weight 16 is placed on the upper end surface of the sliding sleeve 6, and the Φ1mm cotton thread ( The rope) passes through the hole in the neck of the weight 16, is knotted into a suitable size, and then hung in the Z-shaped groove of the suspension rod 4. The rope is temporarily in a free state, and the weight 16 and the suspension rod 4 form a flexible connection; the transmission rod 12 is rotated clockwise to make the sliding sleeve 6 slide slowly downward until the weight 16 and the upper end surface of the sliding sleeve 6 are separated; at this time, the test is started, and the power supply supplies the corresponding voltage to the electromagnet to be tested, and the electromagnet should be converted from the extended state to the retracted state; after the test is completed, the transmission rod 12 is rotated counterclockwise to make the sliding sleeve 6 slide upward and rise to a suitable position; the serial number quick-change rotary pressing plate 18 is rotated counterclockwise to remove the tested electromagnet; after the upper end of the suspension rod 4 is screwed into the next electromagnet core rod to be tested, the end face of the outer shell of the electromagnet (core rod segment) to be tested is installed on the upper end face of the positioning sleeve 15 and fits the sleeve 5 with the outer cylindrical surface of the electromagnet (core rod segment) to be tested.

[0048] This embodiment also provides a method for testing the magnetic holding force and load capacity of an electromagnet, including a test of the magnetic holding force of an electromagnet and a test of the load capacity of an electromagnet;

[0049] The electromagnetic holding force test includes: when the armature is in the initial state, that is, the extended state, the magnetic pressure holding force test unit of the electromagnetic magnetic holding force test device is used to apply pressure of a corresponding load on the armature axially, the armature works for a corresponding time and keeps the initial state unchanged, and the load force that the electromagnetic core rod can withstand in the extended state is tested; when the armature is in the retracted state, the magnetic pull holding force test unit of the electromagnetic magnetic holding force test device is used to axially suspend a corresponding load on the armature, the armature works for a corresponding time and keeps the retracted state unchanged, and the load force that the electromagnetic core rod can withstand in the retracted state is tested;

[0050] The electromagnet load-carrying capacity test includes: using a spirit level to adjust four adjustable supports 17 to level the upper plane of the upper support plate 1 of the electromagnet load-carrying capacity test device; the electromagnet is in an extended state, the suspension rod 4 on the electromagnet load-carrying capacity test device is screwed onto the electromagnet, and the electromagnet is fixed to the electromagnet load-carrying capacity test device with a rotating pressure plate, and a corresponding weight 16 is hung in the Z-shaped groove of the suspension rod 4 through a cotton thread or cotton rope, and the weight 16 is placed on the upper end surface of the sliding sleeve 6, and the cotton rope is in a free state, and the transmission rod 12 is rotated clockwise until the sliding sleeve 6 and the weight 16 are disengaged, ensuring that the force direction of the weight 16 coincides with the force direction of the electromagnet and is vertically downward, and the positive and negative poles of the electromagnet are connected to the positive and negative poles of the power supply, and then the corresponding voltage is applied to test whether the electromagnet can be reliably converted from an extended state to a retracted state.

[0051] Among them, when testing the magnetic pressure holding force of the electromagnet, the sliding distance of load 103 along column 105 is manually divided into two stages. In the first stage, a person drags load 103 and load 104 to slide downward along column 105, so that load 103 and load 104 rest on the upper end surface of support column 102; in the second stage, a person gently lifts load 103 and load 104, and at this time another person removes the two support columns 102 with both hands at the same time, and the person drags load 103 and load 104 to slide slowly and uniformly downward along column 105. When load 103 contacts the electromagnet under test, the person releases the hand; load 103 and load 104 are in clearance fit with column 105 and slide freely up and down vertically along column 105, which is used to apply magnetic holding force to the electromagnet under ideal conditions. When testing the load capacity of the electromagnet, if the weight 16 is slowly lowered and has an impact on the electromagnet, and the electromagnet is sensitive to impact, the transmission rod 12 is rotated counterclockwise to move it upward, driving the sleeve 6 to slide upward, and the weight 16 tied with a rope is placed on the upper end surface of the sleeve 6, and the other end of the rope is hung in the Z-shaped groove of the suspension rod 4. At this time, the rope should be in a free state, and then the transmission rod 12 is rotated clockwise. When the contact surface between the sleeve 6 and the bottom end of the weight 16 is about to separate, the transmission rod 12 is slowly rotated clockwise to separate the sleeve 6 and the weight 16, so as to avoid the weight 16 being released instantly, causing an impact on the electromagnet and affecting the test effect.

[0052] The above are only preferred embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention. For those skilled in the art, the present invention may have various modifications and variations. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present invention shall be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A device for testing the magnetic holding force and load carrying capacity of an electromagnet, comprising a test platform and an electromagnet to be tested, characterized in that: It also includes an electromagnet magnetic holding force testing device disposed on the test platform, used to apply a vertical downward magnetic holding force to the electromagnet under test, so as to test the load force that the electromagnet core rod can withstand in the extended state and the retracted state; an electromagnet load capacity testing device, used to apply a vertical downward load force to the electromagnet under test, so as to test the ability of the core rod to drive the load to move together; and a DC regulated power supply, used to supply a corresponding voltage to the electromagnet under test; The electromagnet magnetic holding force testing device comprises a magnetic pressure holding force testing unit and a magnetic pull holding force testing unit; The magnetic pressure holding force test unit includes a base, a column arranged on the base, a support column, and load one and load two. The two ends of the base are provided with end holes, and the end holes are interference-fitted with the columns. The middle part is provided with a hole for placing and positioning the electromagnet to be tested, and the axis of the hole is parallel to the axes of the two end holes; the column is arranged in the end hole and passes through load one and load two upward, and the column and load one and load two are clearance-fitted; the upper and lower end faces of the support column are in contact with load one and the base respectively, and are used to support and pre-limit load one and load two; The magnetic pull holding force test unit comprises a load tray and a load three, wherein the upper end of the load tray is threadedly connected to the electromagnet core rod to be tested, two load threes are placed on the load tray, and a guide groove is provided on the load three.

2. The electromagnet magnetic holding force and load capacity testing device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The first load and the second load are both provided with guide holes matched with the columns, a boss is provided in the middle of a lower surface of the load, the boss is provided with an inner hole, and the end face of the inner hole is perpendicular to the guide hole.

3. The electromagnet magnetic holding force and load capacity testing device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The electromagnet load capacity testing device includes an electromagnet clamping and positioning mechanism, a load applying mechanism, a load lifting mechanism and an electromagnet leveling mechanism; the electromagnet clamping and positioning mechanism is used to support, clamp and position the electromagnet to be tested; the load applying mechanism is arranged at the upper inner part of the electromagnet clamping and positioning mechanism, and is used to apply a load to the electromagnet; the load lifting mechanism is arranged below the load applying mechanism, and is used to avoid the impact on the electromagnet caused by the instantaneous release of the load applying mechanism; the electromagnet leveling mechanism is arranged below the electromagnet clamping and positioning mechanism, and is used to level the upper plane of the electromagnet clamping and positioning mechanism.

4. The electromagnet magnetic holding force and load capacity testing device according to claim 3, characterized in that: The electromagnet clamping and positioning mechanism includes an upper support plate, a support rod, a support sleeve, a long screw, a positioning sleeve, a sleeve, a quick-change rotary pressure plate, and a base plate; the lower ends of the upper support plate are threadedly connected to the support rod, and the upper middle part is threadedly connected to the support sleeve and the long screw, and the middle part is interference fit with the positioning sleeve and the sleeve, and a level is placed on the plane of the upper support plate; the lower part of the support rod is clearance fit with the base plate and is locked by a nut; the top of the support sleeve is connected to the quick-change rotary pressure plate by a screw; the upper end face of the positioning sleeve is parallel to the plane of the upper support plate, and is used to support the electromagnet under test; the upper end of the sleeve is provided with a step, which is used to quickly clamp and position the electromagnet under test and prevent its radial movement; avoidance grooves are provided on the positioning sleeve and the sleeve; the quick-change rotary pressure plate is used to prevent the electromagnet from moving up and down during testing, a pad is bonded to the lower surface, and a quick-change groove is opened at the right end.

5. The electromagnet magnetic holding force and load capacity testing device according to claim 4, characterized in that: The load applying mechanism comprises a suspension rod and a weight. The suspension rod is arranged in a positioning sleeve through a positioning sleeve and a sleeve avoidance groove. The upper end of the suspension rod is threadedly connected to the core rod of the electromagnet. The lower end is provided with a Z-shaped groove in which a weight pulled by a cotton thread or a cotton rope is hung.

6. The electromagnet magnetic holding force and load carrying capacity testing device according to claim 4, characterized in that: The load lifting mechanism includes a support and a fixed sleeve threadedly connected above the base plate. The top of the support is connected to the transverse support plate by a screw. A copper sleeve is interference fit on the transverse support plate. A sliding sleeve and a guide key are fitted in the clearance inside the copper sleeve. The inner cavity of the sliding sleeve is connected to the bearing and the end cover. The bearing is interference fit with the transmission rod and is fastened by the end face of the locking pin. The transmission rod is threadedly connected to the fixed sleeve.

7. The electromagnet magnetic holding force and load carrying capacity testing device according to claim 4, characterized in that: The electromagnet leveling mechanism comprises four adjustable supports threadedly connected below the bottom plate and used for leveling the upper plane of the upper support plate.

8. A method for testing an electromagnet magnetic holding force and load carrying capacity testing device according to any one of claims 1 to 7, comprising an electromagnet magnetic holding force test and an electromagnet load carrying capacity test, characterized in that: The electromagnetic holding force test includes: when the armature is in the initial state, that is, the extended state, the magnetic pressure holding force test unit of the electromagnetic magnetic holding force test device is used to apply pressure of a corresponding load on the armature axially, the armature works for a corresponding time and keeps the initial state unchanged, and the load force that the electromagnetic core rod can withstand in the extended state is tested; when the armature is in the retracted state, the magnetic pull holding force test unit of the electromagnetic magnetic holding force test device is used to axially suspend a corresponding load on the armature, the armature works for a corresponding time and keeps the retracted state unchanged, and the load force that the electromagnetic core rod can withstand in the retracted state is tested; The electromagnet load-carrying capacity test includes: using a spirit level to adjust four adjustable supports to level the plane on the upper support plate of the electromagnet load-carrying capacity test device; when the electromagnet is in an extended state, the suspension rod on the electromagnet load-carrying capacity test device is screwed onto the electromagnet, and the electromagnet is fixed to the electromagnet load-carrying capacity test device with a rotating pressure plate, and corresponding weights are hung in the Z-shaped groove of the suspension rod through cotton thread or cotton rope, and the weights are placed on the upper end surface of the sliding sleeve, and the cotton rope is in a free state, and the transmission rod is rotated clockwise until the sliding sleeve and the weights are disengaged, ensuring that the force direction of the weights coincides with the force direction of the electromagnet and is vertically downward, and the positive and negative poles of the electromagnet are connected to the positive and negative poles of the power supply, and then the corresponding voltage is applied to test whether the electromagnet can be reliably converted from an extended state to a retracted state.

9. The method for testing the electromagnet magnetic holding force and load carrying capacity testing device according to claim 8, characterized in that: When testing the magnetic pressure holding force of the electromagnet, the sliding distance of load one along the column is divided into two stages. In the first stage, a person drags load one and load two down along the column so that load one and load two rest on the upper end surface of the support column. In the second stage, a person gently lifts load one and load two, and at this time, another person removes the two support columns with both hands. The person drags load one and load two down along the column at a slow and uniform speed. When load one contacts the electromagnet under test, the person releases his hand. Load one and load two are matched with the gap of the column and slide freely up and down vertically along the column. They are used to apply magnetic holding force to the electromagnet under ideal conditions.

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