A method and device for calculating electricity carbon footprint based on colored Petri net

Abstract

The present invention discloses a method and device for calculating the carbon footprint of electricity based on colored Petri nets, including evaluating the degree of carbon emissions and the direction of flow based on the main responsibility of load-side losses and the main responsibility of network-side losses; using a Petri net model for modeling and analysis to track the intensity and direction of carbon emissions throughout the power system; establishing an electricity carbon footprint model based on colored Petri nets, and calculating and obtaining the carbon emission content contained in the power system according to different types of electricity carbon footprint accounting models and established Petri net architectures; the present invention improves the fine management of carbon footprints based on the two types of main responsibility of load-side losses and main responsibility of network-side losses. Petri nets, as a meshed information flow model, can reasonably explain the relationship between resources and processes. Therefore, a Petri net for the entire process of power system, power generation, transmission, distribution, and power consumption is established, which can well describe the dynamic flow process of the entire life cycle of electric energy from generation to transmission and finally to use.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to a method and device for calculating electric carbon footprint based on colored Petri nets, and belongs to the technical field of power system dispatching automation. Background Art

[0002] In recent years, high fossil energy consumption has led to a continuous increase in carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions, which has brought with it a series of natural environmental and ecological climate problems, posing continuous challenges to human survival and development. It is of great practical significance to pay timely attention to the adverse effects of large-scale carbon dioxide emissions and take proactive countermeasures to control CO2 emissions.

[0003] Carbon peak refers to carbon emissions reaching the highest point and then gradually declining; carbon neutrality refers to zero carbon emissions, that is, the greenhouse gases emitted by humans and the greenhouse gases absorbed by forestry carbon sinks, carbon capture, natural carbon cycles and other means are balanced. Accurate carbon emission accounting can quantify the specific situation of carbon emissions, grasp the impact of different factors on carbon emissions, and help achieve the carbon neutrality goal.

[0004] Currently, the carbon footprint (CF), as an important means of calculating carbon emissions, is a hot topic in carbon emissions research. CF is widely used in public fields such as engineering, environmental science and ecology, other scientific and technological fields, energy and fuels, computer science, and business economics. It is a professional term for addressing climate change. It has become a common method and important tool for measuring greenhouse gas emissions and has enormous application potential. The carbon footprint is highly applicable for measuring regional carbon emissions. The power industry, such as coal-fired power generation and hydropower, is increasingly using the carbon footprint to analyze carbon emissions. By tracing the carbon emissions generated by the power system during power generation and combustion of fossil fuels, and the flow of carbon emissions throughout the entire power transmission, distribution, and consumption process, the carbon footprint of the entire power life cycle, from production to consumption, is assessed. A comprehensive network model of carbon flows, known as the power system carbon footprint, is constructed to describe the transfer and distribution of carbon emissions throughout the power system.

[0005] However, there is still a lack of an effective method to track the dynamic flow of carbon footprint of electricity throughout its entire life cycle, from generation to transmission and finally to use. Summary of the Invention

[0006] The purpose of the present invention is to overcome the deficiencies in the prior art and provide a method and device for calculating the carbon footprint of electricity based on colored Petri nets, which is used to track the dynamic flow of carbon footprint throughout the entire life cycle of electricity from generation to transmission and finally to use.

[0007] To achieve the above object, the present invention is implemented by adopting the following technical solutions:

[0008] In a first aspect, the present invention provides a method for calculating the carbon footprint of electricity based on a colored Petri net, comprising:

[0009] Evaluate the extent and direction of carbon emissions based on the primary responsibility for load-side losses and grid-side losses;

[0010] Use Petri net model for modeling and analysis to track the intensity and flow direction of carbon emissions throughout the power system;

[0011] An electricity carbon footprint model based on colored Petri nets is established. According to different electricity carbon footprint accounting model categories and the established Petri net architecture, the carbon emission content contained in the power system is calculated.

[0012] Furthermore, the assessment of carbon emission levels and flow directions based on load-side loss includes:

[0013] The IPCC method is used to calculate the carbon emissions generated by fossil fuels during the power generation process using the carbon emission coefficient;

[0014] If the electricity is generated by clean energy, no carbon emissions will be generated. The carbon emissions caused by the loss of electricity during transmission and the loss within the substation will be borne by the load side. At this time, the amount of carbon emissions will be borne according to the proportion of electricity consumption on the load side.

[0015] Furthermore, the assessment of carbon emission levels and flow directions based on grid-side loss responsibility includes:

[0016] The IPCC method is used to calculate the carbon emissions generated by fossil fuels during the power generation process using the carbon emission coefficient;

[0017] If clean energy is used for power generation, no carbon emissions will be generated. The carbon emissions caused by the loss of electricity during transmission and the loss within the substation are borne by the grid side. First, the line loss and carbon emissions generated during the power transmission process are calculated. Then, the total amount of electricity of one or more inputs on the substation input side is calculated after deducting the transmission line loss. Then, the loss within the substation and carbon emissions are calculated. Finally, the total output of the substation is calculated, and the proportion of carbon emissions in one or more output electricity of the substation is calculated.

[0018] Furthermore, the IPCC method is used to calculate the carbon emissions generated by fossil fuels during the power generation process using the carbon emission coefficient. The formula is as follows: ,in Indicates the carbon emissions produced by a certain fossil fuel, Indicates the quality of fossil energy combustion, Indicates the carbon emission factor of the corresponding fuel.

[0019] Furthermore, the Petri net model is used for modeling and analysis to track the carbon emission intensity and flow direction throughout the power system, including:

[0020] Constructing a six-tuple expression of a colored Petri net ,

[0021] in, represents the set of places, represents the transition set, F represents the directed arc set, Indicates the initial mark, Represents a color collection, represents the color function;

[0022] The Petri model of the power system grid is established by using the correlation matrix analysis method and the one-to-one correspondence between the correlation matrix and the model.

[0023] Furthermore, the establishment of a colored Petri net-based electricity carbon footprint model calculates and obtains the carbon emission content contained in the power system according to different electricity carbon footprint accounting model categories and the established Petri net architecture, including:

[0024] Using the four basic units of Petri net, a colored Petri model of power system grid is established;

[0025] Based on the established colored Petri model of the power system grid, the carbon emissions and carbon footprint of each transmission line are obtained, and the carbon emissions that the load side should bear are calculated.

[0026] Furthermore, in the electricity carbon footprint model based on colored Petri nets, the colored Petri nets use tokens to represent objects, and the colors of the tokens are used to distinguish the types of objects. When modeling the data structure of the power system, the ML language is used to define the color set, and a corresponding relationship is established between the color set and the data structure of the power system.

[0027] In a second aspect, the present invention provides an electricity carbon footprint calculation device based on a colored Petri net, comprising:

[0028] The power system carbon emission management unit is used to assess the extent and flow direction of carbon emissions based on the main responsibilities of load-side losses and grid-side losses;

[0029] An analysis unit, used to conduct modeling and analysis using a Petri net model to track the intensity and flow direction of carbon emissions throughout the power system;

[0030] The calculation unit is used to establish an electricity carbon footprint model based on a colored Petri net, and calculate the carbon emission content contained in the power system according to different electricity carbon footprint accounting model categories and the established Petri net architecture.

[0031] In a third aspect, the present invention provides an electricity carbon footprint calculation device based on a colored Petri net, comprising a processor and a storage medium;

[0032] The storage medium is used to store instructions;

[0033] The processor is configured to operate according to the instructions to execute the steps of any of the above methods.

[0034] In a fourth aspect, the present invention provides a computer-readable storage medium having a computer program stored thereon, characterized in that when the program is executed by a processor, the steps of any of the above methods are implemented.

[0035] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0036] The present invention provides a method and device for calculating the carbon footprint of electricity based on colored Petri nets. The method improves the fine management of carbon footprint based on two types of main responsibilities of load-side loss and main responsibilities of network-side loss, adopts colored Petri nets to establish a model, expands the tokens and directed arcs of the basic model, divides tokens containing different types of values ​​into different categories and represents them with different colors, solves the problem that the basic Petri net has no data concept, and can incorporate data into the description of the network structure. At the same time, the hierarchical concept of colored Petri nets has obvious advantages in complex models, establishes the connection between each subsystem, and simplifies the complexity of the analysis model. As a mesh information flow model, Petri nets have intuitive graphical representation capabilities and strict mathematical logic, and can reasonably explain the relationship between resources and processes. Therefore, a Petri net for the entire process of power system, power generation, transmission, distribution, and power consumption is established, which can well describe the dynamic flow process of the entire life cycle of electric energy from generation to transmission and finally to use. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0037] Figure 1 This is a flow chart of a method for calculating the carbon footprint of electricity based on a colored Petri net provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0038] Figure 2 This is a diagram of a Petri net model of a power system provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0039] Figure 3 This is a Petri net flow diagram provided by an embodiment of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0040] The present invention will be further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. The following embodiments are only used to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention and are not intended to limit the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0041] Example 1: This example introduces a method for calculating the carbon footprint of electricity based on a colored Petri net, including:

[0042] Evaluate the extent and direction of carbon emissions based on the primary responsibility for load-side losses and grid-side losses;

[0043] Use Petri net model for modeling and analysis to track the intensity and flow direction of carbon emissions throughout the power system;

[0044] An electricity carbon footprint model based on colored Petri nets is established. According to different electricity carbon footprint accounting model categories and the established Petri net architecture, the carbon emission content contained in the power system is calculated.

[0045] The application process of the method and device for calculating the carbon footprint of electricity based on the colored Petri net provided in this embodiment specifically involves the following steps:

[0046] (1) Calculation method of electricity carbon footprint

[0047] The IPCC method is used to calculate the carbon emissions of the power system using the carbon emission coefficient: ;

[0048] in : Indicates the carbon emissions produced by a certain fossil fuel. : Indicates the combustion quality of fossil energy, : Indicates the carbon emission factor of the corresponding fuel.

[0049] Table 1 Carbon emission factors of various commonly used fuels published by IPCC

[0050]

[0051] The calculation formula for total carbon emissions based on fuel consumption statistics is as follows:

[0052] ;

[0053] 1) Electricity carbon footprint calculation method based on the primary responsibility of load-side losses

[0054] There are many types of power plants, including thermal power, hydropower, solar power, and biomass power. They can be divided into two categories: clean energy power generation (no carbon emissions are generated during the power generation process) and non-clean energy power generation (carbon emissions are generated during the power generation process). If carbon emissions are generated during the power generation process, the calculation formula is as follows:

[0055] ;

[0056] ;

[0057] in, : Indicates the output power of the power generation side, : Represents the total carbon emissions from the power generation side.

[0058] If clean energy generation does not produce carbon emissions, .

[0059] Based on the principle of primary responsibility for load-side losses, the carbon emissions resulting from power losses during transmission and power supply losses within substations are borne by the load side, or the user. The amount of carbon emissions to be apportioned is determined based on the amount of electricity used by the user, starting with calculating the carbon emissions per kilowatt-hour.

[0060] Then, the amount of carbon emissions to be allocated is calculated based on the proportion of electricity consumption on the load side.

[0061] Since the method based on the main responsibility of load-side losses ignores the carbon emissions of transmission line losses and substation losses, the calculation process is relatively rough. Therefore, a calculation method based on the main responsibility of grid-side losses is proposed.

[0062] 2) Calculation method of power system carbon footprint based on the main responsibility of grid-side losses

[0063] Based on the principle of grid-side loss, the losses incurred during the transmission of electricity are borne by the grid. During the transmission process, since the transmission of electricity on the transmission grid will inevitably generate line losses, they are taken into account in the carbon emission system. The calculation formula is as follows:

[0064] ;

[0065] ;

[0066] In the transmission substation part, due to the existence of station losses, the carbon emissions and power on the input side and output side are considered separately. The input side may have one or more inputs, and the calculation formula is as follows:

[0067] ;

[0068] ;

[0069] The losses within the station are as follows:

[0070] ;

[0071] ;

[0072] There may also be one or more outputs on the output side, and the calculation formula is as follows:

[0073] ;

[0074] ;

[0075] It is passed down layer by layer from top to bottom, and finally the carbon emissions contained in the electricity used by each user can be calculated.

[0076] (2) Establishment of Petri net model

[0077] Based on the graphical description, Petri nets provide strict mathematical definitions, execution semantics, and mathematical theories for analysis. The basic form is a triple:

[0078] ;

[0079] in, Represents a place set;

[0080] represents a set of transitions;

[0081] F represents the set of directed arcs;

[0082] The conditions that the triples need to meet are as follows:

[0083] , , ( is the Cartesian product),

[0084] , ,

[0085] ,

[0086] express The domain of for The value range of .

[0087] Can be expanded to a five-tuple:

[0088] ;

[0089] in represents the weight function,

[0090] Indicates the initial mark.

[0091] Petri networks include:

[0092] ;

[0093] ;

[0094] Therefore, the incidence matrix can be represented by a matrix with m rows and n columns:

[0095] ;

[0096] in , ;

[0097] ;

[0098] ;

[0099] Represents the relationship between P and all T; Represents the relationship between T and all P;

[0100] There is only one arc between P and T in the pure network range, and there will be no Cause The two are subtracted and cancel each other out, so there is a one-to-one correspondence between the established correlation matrix and the model.

[0101] (3) Electricity carbon footprint analysis based on Petri nets

[0102] Establish a power carbon footprint analysis model based on Petri net, as shown in the figure Figure 2 As shown;

[0103] As a mesh-like information flow model, Petri nets offer intuitive graphical representation and rigorous mathematical logic, enabling a rational explanation of the relationships between resources and processes. Therefore, constructing a Petri net covering the entire power system process—generation, transmission, distribution, and consumption—can effectively describe the dynamic flow of electricity throughout its entire lifecycle, from generation to transmission and consumption. The following table shows a graphical representation of the four basic units of a Petri net.

[0104] Table 2 Representation and meaning of Petri net elements

[0105]

[0106] A simple Petri net flow model is as follows Figure 3 As shown;

[0107] Colored Petri nets use tokens to represent objects, and the color of the tokens is used to distinguish the type of object. Modeling the data structure of the power system is to define the color set using ML language and establish a corresponding relationship between the color set and the data structure of the power system.

[0108] Simple color sets and composite color sets: Simple color sets are several basic color sets predefined by the system, including Boolean color sets, integer color sets, indexed color sets, enumerated color sets, etc.

[0109] A composite color set is a color set derived from other color sets, including list color sets, product color sets, record color sets, and union color sets.

[0110] Example 2: This embodiment provides an electricity carbon footprint calculation device based on a colored Petri net, comprising:

[0111] The power system carbon emission management unit is used to assess the extent and flow direction of carbon emissions based on the main responsibilities of load-side losses and grid-side losses;

[0112] An analysis unit, used to conduct modeling and analysis using a Petri net model to track the intensity and flow direction of carbon emissions throughout the power system;

[0113] The calculation unit is used to establish an electricity carbon footprint model based on a colored Petri net, and calculate the carbon emission content contained in the power system according to different electricity carbon footprint accounting model categories and the established Petri net architecture.

[0114] Example 3: This embodiment provides an electricity carbon footprint calculation device based on a colored Petri net, including a processor and a storage medium;

[0115] The storage medium is used to store instructions;

[0116] The processor is configured to operate according to the instructions to execute the steps of the method according to any one of the first embodiments.

[0117] Example 4: This embodiment provides a computer-readable storage medium on which a computer program is stored, characterized in that when the program is executed by a processor, the steps of any one of the methods described in Example 1 are implemented.

[0118] The above is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention. It should be pointed out that for ordinary technicians in this technical field, several improvements and modifications can be made without departing from the technical principles of the present invention. These improvements and modifications should also be regarded as the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for calculating the carbon footprint of electricity based on colored Petri nets, characterized in that: include: Evaluate the extent and direction of carbon emissions based on the primary responsibility for load-side losses and grid-side losses; Use Petri net model for modeling and analysis to track the intensity and flow direction of carbon emissions throughout the power system; Establish an electricity carbon footprint model based on colored Petri nets. According to different electricity carbon footprint accounting model categories and the established Petri net architecture, calculate the carbon emission content contained in the power system. The assessment of carbon emission levels and flow directions based on load-side loss includes: The IPCC method is used to calculate the carbon emissions generated by fossil fuels during the power generation process using the carbon emission coefficient; If clean energy is used for power generation, no carbon emissions are generated. The carbon emissions generated by the loss of electricity during transmission and the loss within the substation are borne by the load side. In this case, the amount of carbon emissions is borne according to the proportion of electricity consumption on the load side. The assessment of carbon emission levels and flow directions based on grid-side losses includes: The IPCC method is used to calculate the carbon emissions generated by fossil fuels during the power generation process using the carbon emission coefficient; If clean energy is used for power generation, no carbon emissions are generated. The carbon emissions caused by the loss of electricity during transmission and the loss within the substation are all borne by the grid. First, calculate the line loss and carbon emissions generated during the power transmission process. Then calculate the total amount of electricity input by one or more inputs on the substation input side after deducting the transmission line loss. Then calculate the loss within the substation and carbon emissions. Finally, calculate the total output of the substation and calculate the carbon emission percentage of the one or more output electricity of the substation. The Petri net model is used for modeling and analysis to track the carbon emission intensity and flow direction of the entire power system process, including: Constructing a six-tuple expression of a colored Petri net , in, represents the set of places, represents the transition set, F represents the directed arc set, Indicates the initial mark, Represents a color collection, represents the color function; Adopting the correlation matrix analysis method and utilizing the one-to-one correspondence between the correlation matrix and the model, the Petri model of the power system grid is established. The establishment of a colored Petri net-based electricity carbon footprint model calculates and obtains the carbon emission content contained in the power system according to different electricity carbon footprint accounting model categories and the established Petri net architecture, including: Using the four basic units of Petri net, a colored Petri model of power system grid is established; Based on the established colored Petri model of the power system grid, the carbon emissions and carbon footprint of each transmission line are calculated, and the carbon emissions that the load side should bear are calculated; In the electric power carbon footprint model based on colored Petri nets, colored Petri nets use tokens to represent objects, and the colors of the tokens are used to distinguish the types of objects. When modeling the data structure of the power system, the ML language is used to define the color set, and a corresponding relationship is established between the color set and the data structure of the power system.

2. The method for calculating electricity carbon footprint based on colored Petri nets according to claim 1, characterized in that: The IPCC method is used to calculate the carbon emissions generated by fossil fuels during the power generation process using the carbon emission coefficient. The formula is as follows: ,in Indicates the carbon emissions produced by a certain fossil fuel, Indicates the quality of fossil energy combustion, Indicates the carbon emission factor of the corresponding fuel.

3. A device for calculating the carbon footprint of electricity based on a colored Petri net, characterized in that: include: The power system carbon emission management unit is used to assess the extent and flow direction of carbon emissions based on the main responsibilities of load-side losses and grid-side losses; An analysis unit, used to conduct modeling and analysis using a Petri net model to track the intensity and flow direction of carbon emissions throughout the power system; A calculation unit is used to establish an electricity carbon footprint model based on a colored Petri net, and calculate the carbon emission content contained in the power system according to different electricity carbon footprint accounting model categories and the established Petri net architecture; The assessment of carbon emission levels and flow directions based on load-side loss responsibility includes: The IPCC method is used to calculate the carbon emissions generated by fossil fuels during the power generation process using the carbon emission coefficient; If clean energy is used for power generation, no carbon emissions are generated. The carbon emissions generated by the loss of electricity during transmission and the loss within the substation are borne by the load side. In this case, the amount of carbon emissions is borne according to the proportion of electricity consumption on the load side. The assessment of carbon emission levels and flow directions based on grid-side losses includes: The IPCC method is used to calculate the carbon emissions generated by fossil fuels during the power generation process using the carbon emission coefficient; If clean energy is used for power generation, no carbon emissions are generated. The carbon emissions caused by the loss of electricity during transmission and the loss within the substation are all borne by the grid. First, calculate the line loss and carbon emissions generated during the power transmission process. Then calculate the total amount of electricity input by one or more inputs on the substation input side after deducting the transmission line loss. Then calculate the loss within the substation and carbon emissions. Finally, calculate the total output of the substation and calculate the carbon emission percentage of the one or more output electricity of the substation. The Petri net model is used for modeling and analysis to track the carbon emission intensity and flow direction of the entire power system process, including: Constructing a six-tuple expression of a colored Petri net , in, represents the set of places, represents the transition set, F represents the directed arc set, Indicates the initial mark, Represents a color collection, represents the color function; Adopting the correlation matrix analysis method and utilizing the one-to-one correspondence between the correlation matrix and the model, the Petri model of the power system grid is established. The establishment of a colored Petri net-based electricity carbon footprint model calculates and obtains the carbon emission content contained in the power system according to different electricity carbon footprint accounting model categories and the established Petri net architecture, including: Using the four basic units of Petri net, a colored Petri model of power system grid is established; Based on the established colored Petri model of the power system grid, the carbon emissions and carbon footprint of each transmission line are calculated, and the carbon emissions that the load side should bear are calculated; In the electric power carbon footprint model based on colored Petri nets, colored Petri nets use tokens to represent objects, and the colors of the tokens are used to distinguish the types of objects. When modeling the data structure of the power system, the ML language is used to define the color set, and a corresponding relationship is established between the color set and the data structure of the power system.

4. A device for calculating electricity carbon footprint based on colored Petri nets, characterized by: including processor and storage medium; The storage medium is used to store instructions; The processor is configured to operate according to the instructions to execute the steps of the method according to any one of claims 1 to 2.

5. A computer-readable storage medium having a computer program stored thereon, characterized in that: When the program is executed by a processor, the steps of the method according to any one of claims 1 to 2 are implemented.

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