BMS ring daisy chain communication automatic addressing method and disconnection addressing method

Abstract

According to an embodiment of the present invention, a BMS ring daisy chain communication automatic addressing method and a disconnection addressing method are disclosed. According to the disconnection addressing method proposed by the present invention, the MCU only needs to send one automatic addressing command to automatically reallocate device addresses for all battery management modules at unknown disconnection locations and automatically mark the battery management modules at the disconnection locations with disconnection marks. There is no need to send commands to each battery management module one by one to write address information, and there is no need to read back one by one to confirm whether the disconnection is occurring or to confirm the location of the disconnection, thereby reducing the MCU time and software resource usage.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of battery management, and more particularly to a BMS ring daisy chain communication automatic addressing method and a disconnection addressing method. Background Art

[0002] As a major pillar behind intelligent driving, BMS (Battery Management System) protects the safe use of electric vehicle power batteries. BMS is a system for monitoring and managing batteries. It calculates the collected parameters such as voltage, current, temperature and SOC (state of charge) through the battery management module, and then controls the charging and discharging process of the battery, protects the battery, and improves the overall performance of the battery management system. It is an important link between the on-board power battery and the electric vehicle. Normally, the MCU only needs to use one port of the transceiver to send command information and receive feedback information to control all battery management modules, so the other communication port will be idle. However, when the communication connection between the battery management module and the transceiver is disconnected at a certain node (due to vibration, aging, etc.), all battery management modules after the disconnection will not be able to continue to receive the control commands of the MCU (Microcontroller Unit), such as Figure 1 As shown, in order to improve availability, the transceiver can use another idle communication port of the transceiver to continue controlling the battery management module AFE after the disconnection point, which is the advantage of the ring daisy chain communication architecture.

[0003] The existing addressing scheme assumes that the number and position of the battery management modules are known and there is no communication disconnection. The MCU continuously sends write commands to write address information to the battery management modules in different positions one by one, and writes the disconnection mark top to the last battery management module in the daisy communication link by default. It is assumed that all information has been written, and the information is confirmed to be written correctly and there is no disconnection by reading back one by one. If it is found during the readback process that the battery management module corresponding to a certain address does not feedback address information, the disconnection position can be confirmed, and then the number and position of the battery management modules are corrected, the communication direction of the transceiver is switched, and the above operations are repeated for the battery management modules before and after the disconnection until the disconnection is completed and re-addressing is completed.

[0004] The biggest disadvantage of the existing addressing scheme is that the MCU can only assume that there is no disconnection, perform blind writing first, and then read back one by one to confirm that there is no disconnection or determine the location of the disconnection. If a disconnection occurs, re-addressing is required; the existing scheme has an additional disadvantage that the MCU needs to send commands to the battery management module one by one to write address information, and it is impossible to automatically add 1 to pass commands in sequence. When there are many battery management modules, it will occupy unnecessary additional MCU resources. In general, the existing addressing scheme will take up more MCU time and software resources when dealing with ring daisy chain communication disconnections, and it is not a simple automatic addressing scheme. Therefore, how to propose a simple automatic addressing scheme that takes up less MCU time and software resources has become one of the urgent problems to be solved by those skilled in the art. Summary of the Invention

[0005] In view of this, the present invention proposes a BMS ring daisy chain communication automatic addressing method. In the event of a ring daisy chain communication disconnection, the automatic addressing strategy can complete the address allocation of all battery management modules and mark the battery management module at the disconnection location while significantly reducing the MCU time and software resource usage.

[0006] In a first aspect, an embodiment of the present invention provides a BMS ring daisy chain communication automatic addressing method, which is applied to a battery management system, wherein the battery management system includes multiple battery management modules. The automatic addressing method includes: when the current battery management module receives an addressing command, it marks itself as disconnected and sends address feedback information containing its own address to the previous battery management module; after the current battery management module receives the address feedback information, it clears its own disconnection mark.

[0007] Preferably, the automatic addressing method also includes: when the current battery management module receives the addressing command, allocating the address of the current battery management module according to the addressing command; and sending the addressing command containing the address of the current battery management module to the next battery management module, thereby realizing automatic address allocation for each battery management module in the current daisy communication link.

[0008] Preferably, the automatic addressing method further includes: determining whether the received command is an addressing command; when the received command is an addressing command, allowing the address register of the current battery management module to be modified, and adding 1 to the address information in the addressing command as the address of the current battery management module.

[0009] Preferably, the automatic addressing method further comprises: when the received command is not an addressing command, forwarding the received command to a subsequent battery management module, and prohibiting modification of the address register of the current battery management module.

[0010] Preferably, the automatic addressing method also includes the following steps: determining whether the received feedback information is address feedback information; when it is address feedback information, determining whether the address register of the current battery management module is allowed to be modified; if the address register of the current battery management module is allowed to be modified, clearing the disconnection mark in the address register of the current battery management module; when it is not address feedback information, prohibiting the modification of the address register of the current battery management module, thereby achieving the disconnection mark of the last battery management module in the current daisy communication link.

[0011] In the second aspect, an embodiment of the present invention further provides a BMS ring daisy chain communication disconnection addressing method, which is applied to a battery management system, wherein the battery management system includes multiple battery management modules, and the disconnection addressing method includes: detecting whether a daisy communication link composed of all battery management modules is disconnected based on whether a preset number of feedback information can be received within a preset time; when a disconnection is detected, the above-mentioned automatic addressing method realizes automatic addressing of the first daisy communication link composed of the battery management modules before the disconnection and the second daisy communication link composed of the battery management modules after the disconnection.

[0012] Preferably, when the tram is powered on, whether the address feedback information of all battery management modules can be read normally is used to detect whether the chrysanthemum communication link composed of all battery management modules is broken; when the address feedback information of all battery management modules can be read normally, it is judged that the chrysanthemum communication link composed of all battery management modules is not broken when the tram is powered on; when the address feedback information of all battery management modules cannot be read normally, it is judged that the chrysanthemum communication link composed of all battery management modules is broken when the tram is powered on.

[0013] Preferably, when the electric vehicle is powered on, whether a preset number of address feedback information can be read within a preset time is used to detect whether the daisy communication link composed of all battery management modules is disconnected.

[0014] Preferably, during the operation of the tram, whether the collected feedback information of all battery management modules can be read normally is used to detect whether the chrysanthemum communication link composed of all battery management modules is broken; when the collected feedback information of all battery management modules can be read normally, it is judged that the chrysanthemum communication link composed of all battery management modules is not broken; when the collected feedback information of all battery management modules cannot be read normally, it is judged that the chrysanthemum communication link composed of all battery management modules is broken.

[0015] Preferably, during the operation of the electric vehicle, whether the collection feedback information of a preset number of battery management modules can be read within a preset time is used to detect whether the daisy communication link composed of all battery management modules is broken.

[0016] Preferably, when a line break is detected during the operation of the tram, address addressing commands are sent to the first chrysanthemum communication link and the second chrysanthemum communication link respectively through the transceiver to achieve automatic addressing of the first chrysanthemum communication link and the second chrysanthemum communication link.

[0017] Preferably, after a line break is detected when the tram is powered on, an addressing command is sent to the second daisy communication link via the transceiver to achieve automatic addressing of the second daisy communication link.

[0018] In a third aspect, an embodiment of the present invention further provides a battery management system for executing the above-mentioned automatic addressing method and the above-mentioned disconnection addressing method. The battery management system includes: multiple battery management modules, each used to collect information of the corresponding battery cells; an MCU, used to control multiple management chips; a transceiver, used to convert the communication protocol between the MCU and each battery management module; wherein the transceiver and the multiple battery management modules form a ring daisy communication link.

[0019] Compared with the prior art, the technical solution of the present invention has the following advantages: based on the automatic addressing strategy proposed in this patent, the MCU only needs to send one addressing command to automatically reallocate the device addresses of all battery management modules at unknown disconnection locations and automatically mark the battery management modules at the disconnection locations as disconnected. There is no need to write the address information one by one, and there is no need to read back one by one to confirm the disconnection location, thereby significantly reducing the MCU time and software resource usage. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0020] The above and other objects, features and advantages of the present invention will become more apparent through the following description of the embodiments of the present invention with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which:

[0021] Figure 1 Schematic diagram of a BMS ring daisy chain communication link in the prior art;

[0022] Figure 2 A schematic diagram of a battery management system and a BMS ring daisy chain communication link being disconnected according to the present invention;

[0023] Figure 3 Schematic diagram of the flow of the BMS ring daisy chain communication automatic addressing method of the present invention;

[0024] Figure 4Schematic diagram of the flow of addressing commands and feedback information in the BMS ring daisy chain communication addressing method of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0025] The present invention is described below based on the following embodiments, but the present invention is not limited to these embodiments. In the detailed description of the present invention below, certain specific details are described in detail. Those skilled in the art can fully understand the present invention without these details. To avoid obscuring the essence of the present invention, well-known methods, processes, procedures, components, and circuits are not described in detail.

[0026] Furthermore, persons of ordinary skill in the art will appreciate that the figures provided herein are for illustration purposes only and are not necessarily drawn to scale.

[0027] This embodiment provides a BMS ring daisy chain communication automatic addressing method, a disconnection addressing method, and an addressing device.

[0028] Figure 2 The figure is a schematic diagram of a battery management system and a BMS ring daisy chain communication link disconnected according to the present invention; the battery management system is used to manage a plurality of battery cells coupled in series. Figure 2 As shown, the battery management system includes: a transceiver for converting the communication protocol between the MCU and each battery management module; an MCU for controlling multiple battery management modules; M battery management modules AFE1 to AFEM, respectively used to collect information such as the voltage or temperature of the corresponding battery cell or battery pack; wherein M is a positive integer, M ≥ 2.

[0029] The transceiver and the battery management modules AFE1~AFEM communicate through a ring daisy communication link, wherein each battery management module AFEi includes two communication ports: a first communication port S, used to communicate with the lower battery management module AFE(i-1), and a second communication port N, used to communicate with the upper battery management module AFE(i+1); the transceiver includes three communication ports: a first communication port S, a second communication port N and a third communication port; wherein i is a positive integer, 1<i<M.

[0030] Specifically, the second communication port N of the battery management module AFEi is connected to the first communication port S of the upper AFE (i+1); the first communication port S of the battery management module AFEi is connected to the second communication port N of the lower AFE (i-1), the first communication port S of the lowest AFE1 is connected to the second communication port N of the transceiver; the second communication port N of the highest AFEM is connected to the first communication port S of the transceiver.

[0031] The MCU communicates with the transceiver through the third communication port of the transceiver. Optionally, the third communication port is an SPI port. The MCU sends read and write commands to each AFE and receives feedback information sent by each AFE through the transceiver.

[0032] When the tram is powered on, the MCU automatically sends an addressing command through the transceiver. Regardless of whether a line break occurs, the transceiver automatically addresses the AFE through one of the first communication port S or the second communication port N. When the tram is powered on, if the daisy communication link composed of all AFEs is not broken, all AFEs can be automatically assigned addresses and the last AFEM can be marked as broken, that is, marked as top; when the daisy communication link composed of all AFEs is broken at the time of power-on, the AFE before the break can be automatically assigned addresses, and the AFE at the break is marked as top. The MCU determines whether a line break has occurred and starts the line break addressing operation by whether it can receive the address feedback information fed back by all AFEs during the automatic addressing process; when the tram is not broken when the tram is powered on, but the daisy communication link composed of all AFEs is broken at a certain moment during the operation of the tram after the tram is powered on, the MCU determines whether a line break has occurred by whether it can read the collected feedback information of all AFEs. When it is determined that a line break has occurred, the line break addressing operation is started. As an example, when the tram is powered on, whether the daisy communication link composed of all AFEs is broken is detected by whether a preset number of address feedback information can be read within a preset time; during the start-up process of the tram, whether the collection feedback information of a preset number of AFEs can be read within a preset time to detect whether the daisy communication link composed of all AFEs is broken, where the preset number is equal to the number M of all AFEs.

[0033] It should be noted that, regardless of whether a line break occurs at the moment the tram is powered on or at some point during operation, feedback information is used to determine whether a line break has occurred. (According to the description of the flow of feedback information later in this embodiment, the collected feedback information of the AFE is also a type of feedback information.) The mechanism for determining a line break is the same. If a line break does not occur at the moment the tram is powered on or during operation, only one automatic addressing operation is required for the daisy communication link consisting of all AFE1 to AFEM at the moment the tram is powered on. The line break addressing operation is not performed until a line break is detected. On the other hand, the MCU generally does not immediately determine that a line break has occurred based solely on whether it has received address feedback information from all AFEs (corresponding to line break detection at power-on) or collected feedback information from all AFEs (corresponding to during operation). Instead, it will attempt other measures such as a reset according to a pre-determined strategy. If, after all other measures have been exhausted and address feedback information from all AFEs or collected feedback information from all AFEs is still not received, it will determine that a line break has occurred.

[0034] Specifically, refer to Figure 2 The disconnection addressing operation is explained. The total number of AFEs is M. A disconnection occurs between AFE(k) and AFE(k+1). When it is detected that the daisy communication link composed of all AFE1~AFEM is disconnected, the MCU first sends an addressing command through the first communication port S and the second communication port N of the transceiver respectively, and then automatically addresses the first daisy communication link composed of AFE1~AFE(k) before the disconnection and the second daisy communication link composed of AFE(M)~AFE(k+1) after the disconnection through the first communication port S and the second communication port N of the transceiver, that is, automatically assigning addresses to all AFEs in the first daisy communication link and the second daisy communication link, and marking the last AFE(k) of the first daisy communication link and the last AFE(k+1) in the second daisy communication link as disconnected, respectively. Here, k is a positive integer, 1<k<M.

[0035] It should be noted that, no matter when the tram is powered on or when a line break is detected during the operation of the tram, the line break addressing operation can send addressing commands to the first chrysanthemum communication link and the second chrysanthemum communication link, and start the automatic addressing operation of the first chrysanthemum communication link and the second chrysanthemum communication link; more optionally, when the tram is powered on and a line break is detected, the line break addressing operation can also only send an addressing command to the second chrysanthemum communication link after the line break, and start the automatic addressing operation of the AFE after the line break, and no longer send an addressing command to the first chrysanthemum communication link before the line break, and no longer start the automatic addressing operation of the AFE before the line break.

[0036] It should be further explained that the previous AFE referred to in the present embodiment below is the AFE that directly communicates with the current AFE in the daisy communication link where the current AFE is located and is closer to the transceiver / MCU; similarly, the next AFE referred to in the present embodiment is the AFE that directly communicates with the current AFE in the daisy communication link where the current AFE is located and is farther away from the transceiver / MCU; for example, in Figure 2 In the example, if M=15 and k=8, that is, a disconnection occurs between AFE8 and AFE9, the AFE preceding AFE2 in the first daisy communication link composed of AFE1 to AFE8 before the disconnection is AFE1, and the AFE following AFE2 is AFE3; in the second daisy communication link composed of AFE9 to AFE15 after the disconnection, the AFE preceding AFE14 is AFE15, and the AFE following AFE14 is AFE13; the flow of command and feedback information in the daisy communication link is as follows: Figure 2 As shown by the dotted line in the figure, the direction of the command is that the MCU sends it through the transceiver, and it flows from the previous AFE to the next AFE; the direction of the feedback information is that it flows from the next AFE to the previous AFE, and finally flows to the MCU through the transceiver. On the other hand, in this embodiment, when the MCU addresses the first chrysanthemum communication link and the second chrysanthemum communication link, because the first chrysanthemum communication link and the second chrysanthemum communication link communicate with the transceiver through different ports and do not affect each other, the default initial addresses of the first chrysanthemum communication link and the second chrysanthemum communication link can be the same (i.e., in Figure 2 The default initial addresses of the first chrysanthemum communication link and the second chrysanthemum communication link are both 0x00, so the addresses of AFE1 and AFEM are both 0x01 after adding 1 to the initial address); in other embodiments, the default initial addresses of the first chrysanthemum communication link and the second chrysanthemum communication link may also be different, which is not limited here.

[0037] Whether the automatic addressing operation is performed on the first chrysanthemum communication link / the second chrysanthemum communication link when a line break occurs, or the automatic addressing operation is performed on the chrysanthemum communication link composed of all AFEs when no line break occurs, the automatic addressing method for the chrysanthemum communication link is the same. The automatic addressing method flow chart is as follows: Figure 3 As shown, according to Figure 3 The process of automatic addressing operation is described. For ease of understanding, the automatic address allocation and disconnection marking in the automatic addressing operation of the daisy communication link are described separately. Specifically, the automatic address allocation includes the following steps:

[0038] S21: Determine whether the command currently received by the AFE is an addressing command; if it is an addressing command, execute steps S211 to S213; if it is not an addressing command, execute steps S214 to S216;

[0039] S211: Allows modification of the current AFE address register;

[0040] S212: adding 1 to the address information in the received addressing command as the address of the current AFE;

[0041] S213: Sending the addressing command including the current AFE address to the next AFE;

[0042] S214: forwarding the received command to the next AFE;

[0043] S215: prohibit modifying the address register of the current AFE;

[0044] S216: Verify and execute the operation corresponding to the received command.

[0045] It should be noted that before step S21, when a disconnection is detected and the MCU initiates the disconnection addressing strategy, the MCU first sends an addressing command through the first communication port S and the second communication port N of the transceiver, and then each AFE begins executing step S21. Before step S215, it can also be determined whether the address register of the current AFE can be modified. If modification is allowed, steps S215 to S216 are executed; if modification is not allowed, step S216 is directly executed.

[0046] Specifically, if Figure 3 As shown, the following describes the process of marking the line break top, including the following steps S221-S222 and steps S31-S32:

[0047] When it is determined in step S21 above that the received command is an addressing command, in addition to executing steps S211 to S213, steps S221 to S222 are also executed; at the same time, when the current AFE receives feedback information, performing the disconnection mark top also includes steps S31 to S32;

[0048] S221: Mark the current AFE as disconnected;

[0049] S222: Sending address feedback information including the current AFE address to the previous AFE;

[0050] S31: forwarding the received feedback information to the previous AFE;

[0051] S32: Determine whether the feedback information received by the current AFE is address feedback information. When the AFE receives address feedback information, execute step S321; when the received feedback information is not address feedback information, execute step S323, thereby marking the last AFE in the current daisy communication link as disconnected.

[0052] S321: Determine whether the address register of the current AFE is allowed to be modified. If it is allowed, execute steps S322 to S323. If it is not allowed, do not clear the disconnection mark top.

[0053] S322: Clear the disconnection mark top of the current AFE;

[0054] S323: It is prohibited to modify the address register of the current AFE.

[0055] It should be noted that Figure 3 Only an illustrative embodiment is given. Figure 3 In the example, steps S211 to S213 are executed before steps S221 to S222. In other embodiments, steps S211 to S213 and steps S221 to S222 may be executed alternately, that is, step S212 may be executed after step S211, and then steps S221, S213, and S222 may be executed. In another embodiment, step S222 may be executed before step S213, and the present invention is not limited to this. In step S321, it is first determined whether the address register of the current AFE is allowed to be modified, and then step S322 is performed to clear the disconnection mark, rather than directly allowing the address register of the current AFE to be modified, and then step S22 is performed to clear the disconnection mark top. This is because during the operation of the tram, not during the automatic address addressing process, there may be other operations that require reading the address feedback information. If the disconnection mark of the current AFE is cleared blindly upon receiving the address feedback information of the previous AFE, it may cause interference, because the address register is only opened during the automatic addressing process. Therefore, it is first determined whether the address register of the current AFE is allowed to be modified, which can ensure that the disconnection mark is cleared during the address addressing process, thereby eliminating the interference of other instructions that are not in the automatic address addressing process in clearing the disconnection mark when reading the address feedback information.

[0056] It should be further explained that Figure 3The operation of each AFE in the automatic addressing process is disclosed in the embodiment. As an example, step S232 of this embodiment discloses that the address register of the current AFE is prohibited from being modified after the disconnection mark is cleared, that is, the address register state of the current AFE is automatically modified to a modification-prohibited state. However, the AFE at the disconnection position cannot receive address feedback information. After the MCU receives a preset number of feedback information (when the line is not disconnected, the preset number is equal to the number M of all AFEs; when the line is disconnected, the feedback information received by the first chrysanthemum communication link and the second chrysanthemum communication link is added to equal the preset number, and the preset number is equal to the number M of all AFEs), the MCU sends a write command to the AFE at the disconnection position separately. After the AFE at the disconnection position receives the command, it modifies the state of its own address register to a modification-prohibited state, that is, it prohibits modification of the address register of the AFE at the disconnection position (corresponding to Figure 3 As another example, after the MCU receives a preset number of feedback messages, the MCU sends a write command to modify the address register state. After each AFE receives the write command, it forwards the write command to the next AFE (corresponding to Figure 3 Step S214 in the above example) and change the state of the address register of its own AFE to a modification-prohibited state, i.e., prohibiting modification of the address register of the current AFE (corresponding to Figure 3 Both of the above examples ensure that the address registers of all AFEs are in a modifiable state only during the automatic addressing process.

[0057] After an address is assigned to each AFE and the last AFE in the communication link is marked as disconnected, when a read operation is performed on the collected information of all AFEs, the MCU first sends a read command. After each AFE receives the read command in sequence by forwarding, when the last AFE receives the read command (i.e., the AFE with the disconnected mark top), it first feeds back the collected feedback information and forwards it to the MCU in sequence. After receiving and forwarding the collection feedback information sent by the next AFE, the other AFEs send the collection feedback information of the current AFE, thereby enabling a one-time read operation on all AFEs based on the disconnected mark top.

[0058] like Figure 4As shown in the figure, it is a schematic diagram of sending and forwarding addressing commands and address feedback information in this embodiment. In the figure, the flow diagram of commands and feedback information between AFE1 to AFE3 when a disconnection occurs between AFE3 and AFE4 is used as an example to illustrate the automatic address allocation and disconnection mark in automatic addressing. First, the MCU sends the addressing command CMD_01 to AFE1 through the transceiver. After AFE1 receives the addressing command CMD_01, it allows the current address register of AFE1 to be modified, that is, the ADD_W_EN field is assigned to 1, and the current address ADD of AFE1 is assigned to the address 0x01 after the initial address 0x00 is added by 1, and the current AFE1 is marked as disconnected top, that is, the TOP field in the address register is assigned to 1, and the addressing command CMD_02 containing the current AFE1 address is sent to AFE2, and an address feedback information RESP_01 is fed back to the transceiver.

[0059] After receiving the addressing command CMD_02, AFE2 is allowed to modify the current address register of AFE2, that is, assigning the ADD_W_EN field to 1, adding 1 to the address ADD in the addressing command CMD_02 as its own address, that is, assigning the current address ADD of AFE2 to 0x02; and marking itself as disconnected, that is, assigning the TOP field in the address register to 1; sending the addressing command CMD_03 containing the current address of AFE2 to AFE3; and feeding back an address feedback message RESP_02 to AFE1. When AFE1 receives the address feedback message RESP_02, AFE1 forwards the address feedback message RESP_02 to the MCU through the transceiver, and then clears the disconnection mark top of AFE1, that is, assigning the TOP field of AFE1 to 0, and changes the address register state of AFE1 to the modification prohibited state, that is, assigning the ADD_W_EN field of AFE1 to 0.

[0060] After AFE3 receives the addressing command CMD_03, it is allowed to modify the current address register of AFE3, that is, assign the ADD_W_EN field to 1, and add 1 to the address ADD in the addressing command CMD_03 as its own address, that is, assign the AFE3 address ADD to 0x03; and mark AFE3 as disconnected, that is, assign the TOP field in the address register of AFE3 to 1; send the addressing command CMD_04 containing the AFE3 address to the next AFE (at this time, a disconnection occurs between AFE3 and AFE4, and the addressing command CMD_04 cannot be successfully sent to AFE4); AFE3 feeds back an address feedback message RESP_03 to AFE2. When AFE2 receives the address feedback message RESP_03, it forwards RESP_03 to AFE1, and AFE2 clears its own disconnection mark top, that is, AFE2 Assign its own TOP field to 0, and change the address register status of AFE2 to the modification prohibited state, that is, assign AFE2's ADD_W_EN field to 0; after AFE1 receives RESP_03, it forwards RESP_03 to MCU through the transceiver; when the MCU adds the feedback information received from the first daisy communication link including AFE1~AFE3 and the second daisy communication link including AFE4~AFEM to equal the preset number M, it sends a separate write command to AFE3 at the broken position to change the address register status of AFE3 at the broken position to the modification prohibited state, that is, assign AFE3's ADD_W_EN field to 0; because AFE3 did not receive the address feedback information, the disconnection mark top of AFE3 was not cleared, and thus AFE3 was identified as the last AFE in the current daisy communication link based on the disconnection mark top.

[0061] According to the description of this embodiment, the MCU assigns a separate address to each AFE, facilitating write operations on all AFEs. The MCU also marks the AFE at the disconnected location as disconnected, facilitating a one-time read of the collected information from all AFEs. Furthermore, based on the automatic addressing method proposed in this embodiment, the MCU only needs to send a single automatic addressing command to automatically assign addresses to all AFEs in a daisy chain with an unknown disconnection location and automatically mark the disconnected AFE as disconnected. This eliminates the need to send commands to each AFE individually to write address information, nor does it require reading back each AFE individually to confirm disconnection or its location. This significantly reduces MCU time and software resource usage compared to existing technologies.

[0062] In summary, the present invention discloses a BMS ring daisy chain communication automatic addressing method and a disconnection addressing method. The automatic addressing method includes: when the current battery management module AFE receives an addressing command, it marks itself as disconnected and sends address feedback information containing its own address to the previous battery management module; after the current battery management module AFE receives the address feedback information, it clears its own disconnection mark. The disconnection addressing method includes: based on whether a preset number of feedback messages can be received within a preset time, detecting whether the daisy communication link composed of all battery management modules AFE is disconnected; when a disconnection is detected, automatically addressing the first daisy communication link composed of the battery management modules AFE before the disconnection and the second daisy communication link composed of the battery management modules AFE after the disconnection according to the above-mentioned automatic addressing method. Based on the automatic addressing strategy proposed in this patent, the MCU only needs to send one addressing command to automatically reallocate the device addresses of all battery management modules AFE at unknown disconnection locations and automatically mark the disconnection mark top for the AFE at the disconnection location. There is no need to write address information one by one, and there is no need to read back one by one to confirm the disconnection location, thereby significantly reducing the MCU time and software resource usage.

[0063] Although the embodiments or implementations are described and explained separately above, some common technologies are involved. It is the opinion of ordinary technicians in this field that they can be replaced and integrated between the embodiments or implementations. If the content is not clearly recorded in one of the embodiments or implementations, reference can be made to another recorded embodiment.

[0064] While embodiments of the present invention have been described above, these embodiments do not exhaustively describe all details and do not limit the invention to the specific embodiments described. Obviously, many modifications and variations are possible based on the above description. These embodiments are selected and described in detail in this specification in order to better explain the principles and practical applications of the present invention, thereby enabling those skilled in the art to better utilize the present invention and its modifications. The present invention is limited only by the claims and their full scope and equivalents.

Claims

1. A BMS ring daisy chain communication automatic addressing method, applied to a battery management system, wherein the battery management system includes multiple battery management modules, and the automatic addressing method includes: When the current battery management module receives the addressing command, it marks itself as disconnected and sends address feedback information containing its own address to the previous battery management module; at the same time, it allocates the address of the current battery management module according to the addressing command; and sends the addressing command containing the address of the current battery management module to the next battery management module; After receiving the address feedback information, the current battery management module clears its own disconnection flag.

2. The automatic addressing method according to claim 1, characterized in that: The automatic addressing method further comprises: Determine whether the received command is an addressing command; When the received command is an addressing command, it is allowed to modify the address register of the current battery management module, and the address information in the addressing command is added by 1 as the address of the current battery management module.

3. The automatic addressing method according to claim 2, characterized in that: The automatic addressing method further comprises: When the received command is not an addressing command, the received command is forwarded to the next battery management module, and modification of the address register of the current battery management module is prohibited.

4. The automatic addressing method according to claim 1, wherein: The automatic addressing method further comprises the following steps: Determine whether the received feedback information is address feedback information; When the address feedback information is received, it is determined whether the address register of the current battery management module is allowed to be modified; if the address register of the current battery management module is allowed to be modified, the disconnection mark in the address register of the current battery management module is cleared; When it is not address feedback information, it is prohibited to modify the address register of the current battery management module, so as to mark the last battery management module in the current daisy communication link as disconnected.

5. The automatic addressing method according to claim 4, characterized in that: The automatic addressing method further comprises the following steps: The received feedback information is forwarded to the previous battery management module.

6. A BMS ring daisy chain communication disconnection addressing method, applied to a battery management system, the battery management system including multiple battery management modules, the disconnection addressing method comprising: Detect whether the daisy communication link composed of all battery management modules is disconnected based on whether a preset number of feedback messages can be received within a preset time; When a disconnection is detected, the automatic addressing method according to any one of claims 1 to 5 is used to automatically address the first daisy communication link composed of the battery management modules before the disconnection and the second daisy communication link composed of the battery management modules after the disconnection.

7. The disconnection addressing method according to claim 6, wherein: When the tram is powered on, the daisy-chain communication link composed of all battery management modules is detected to see if it is disconnected by reading the address feedback information of all battery management modules normally. When the address feedback information of all battery management modules can be read normally, it is determined that the daisy communication link composed of all battery management modules is not disconnected when the electric vehicle is powered on; When the address feedback information of all the battery management modules cannot be read normally, it is determined that the daisy communication link composed of all the battery management modules is disconnected when the electric vehicle is powered on.

8. The disconnection addressing method according to claim 7, wherein: When the electric vehicle is powered on, whether the daisy communication link composed of all battery management modules is disconnected is detected by whether a preset number of address feedback information can be read within a preset time.

9. The disconnection addressing method according to claim 6, wherein: During the operation of the tram, whether the collected feedback information of all battery management modules can be read normally is used to detect whether the daisy communication link composed of all battery management modules is disconnected; When the collected feedback information of all battery management modules can be read normally, it is determined that the daisy communication link composed of all battery management modules is not disconnected; When the collected feedback information of all the battery management modules cannot be read normally, it is determined that the daisy communication link composed of all the battery management modules is disconnected.

10. The disconnection addressing method according to claim 9, wherein: During the operation of the tram, whether the collection feedback information of a preset number of battery management modules can be read within a preset time is used to detect whether the daisy communication link composed of all battery management modules is broken.

11. The disconnection addressing method according to claim 6, wherein: When a line break is detected during the operation of the tram, an address addressing command is sent to the first chrysanthemum communication link and the second chrysanthemum communication link respectively through the transceiver to realize automatic addressing of the first chrysanthemum communication link and the second chrysanthemum communication link.

12. The disconnection addressing method according to claim 6, wherein: After a line break is detected when the tram is powered on, an addressing command is sent to the second daisy communication link via a transceiver to achieve automatic addressing of the second daisy communication link.

13. A battery management system, configured to execute the automatic addressing method according to any one of claims 1 to 5 or the disconnection addressing method according to any one of claims 6 to 12, characterized in that: The battery management system includes: Multiple battery management modules, each used to collect information about the corresponding battery cells; MCU, used to control multiple management chips; A transceiver is used to convert the communication protocol between the MCU and each battery management module; wherein the transceiver and multiple battery management modules form a ring daisy communication link.

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