Layered and segmented structure for the bottom slab of large high-head sluices

Abstract

The present invention belongs to the field of water conservancy and hydropower engineering, and specifically discloses a layered and segmented structure for the bottom slab of a high-head large sluice, aiming to solve the problem that it is difficult to guarantee the joint surface bonding effect of the existing layered and segmented structure of the sluice bottom slab. The layered and segmented structure connects any two adjacent slab blocks together by arranging a joint surface treatment structure mainly composed of a connecting groove, a connecting key and connecting reinforcement bars at the joint surface of the blocks; since the connecting groove and the connecting key are specially designed mating connection structures, the quality of manual construction has little influence on the mating connection effect, so the above joint surface treatment structure not only helps to stabilize the quality of the joint surface treatment, guarantee the joint surface bonding effect, but also can improve the connection strength and the integrity of the sluice bottom slab, and is beneficial to improving the anti-seepage performance of the sluice bottom slab. It is particularly suitable for application on the bottom slab of high-head large sluices and can meet the requirements for the strength, integrity and anti-seepage performance of the bottom slab of high-head large sluices.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to the field of water conservancy and hydropower engineering, and particularly relates to a layered and segmented structure for the bottom slab of a high-head large sluice gate. Background Art

[0002] A sluice gate project with a water head greater than 30m is generally called a high-head large sluice gate project. The bottom slab of the sluice chamber in a high-head large sluice gate project has relatively large lengths in the longitudinal direction of the water flow, the transverse direction of the water flow, and the height direction, belonging to a large-volume concrete bottom slab. When cement hydrates and solidifies, the heat release is relatively concentrated, the internal temperature rises rapidly, the heat dissipation is slow, and restricted by the surrounding structure, temperature stress is finally generated, resulting in temperature cracks, and even penetrating cracks in the concrete after pouring, thus affecting the structural safety. Therefore, during the construction process, the bottom slab of the sluice chamber in a large sluice gate project often cannot be cast in one piece. To reduce the hydration heat of the concrete and prevent the generation of temperature cracks in the concrete, it is necessary to reasonably layer and segment the bottom slab of the sluice chamber.

[0003] However, the construction joint surface generated by layering and segmenting will form a relatively weak surface in the bottom slab of the sluice chamber, reducing the shear resistance, tensile strength, and anti-scouring performance of the concrete structure, which is not conducive to the normal operation of the bottom slab of the sluice chamber. Necessary engineering measures need to be taken to treat the construction joint surface to ensure the structural function of the concrete of the bottom slab of the sluice chamber.

[0004] The conventional treatment method in current construction is to use manual chiseling, air-water guns or pressure water, etc. to wash away the floating slag, dust, and cement milk skin on the construction joint surface before pouring the upper layer of concrete, wash the concrete surface, then evenly lay a layer of cement mortar, and then pour. The quality of the joint surface treatment depends relatively on the way and effect of washing, and the quality assurance is relatively poor. It is difficult to guarantee the joint surface bonding effect, resulting in unstable quality of the bottom slab of the sluice gate. In a high-head large sluice gate project, due to the high water head and large water pressure, higher requirements are imposed on the strength, integrity, and anti-seepage performance of the bottom slab of the sluice gate. The conventional layering and segmenting method and joint surface treatment method are difficult to meet the relevant requirements. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The present invention provides a layered and segmented structure for the bottom slab of a high-head large sluice gate, aiming to solve the problem that it is difficult to guarantee the joint surface bonding effect of the existing layered and segmented structure of the bottom slab of the sluice gate.

[0006] The technical solution adopted by the present invention to solve its technical problems is as follows: a layered and segmented structure for the bottom slab of a high-head large sluice, including a layered joint surface that divides the bottom slab of the sluice into at least two bottom slab layers, and a segmented joint surface that divides the bottom slab layer into at least two slab layer blocks; a joint surface treatment structure is provided at the segmented joint surface, and the joint surface treatment structure includes a connecting groove, a connecting key, and connecting reinforcing bars. The connecting groove is opened on the slab layer block on one side of the segmented joint surface, the connecting key is arranged on the slab layer block on the other side of the segmented joint surface and is connected in cooperation with the connecting groove, and the connecting reinforcing bars pass through the layered joint surface and extend into the two slab layer blocks adjacent to the layered joint surface respectively.

[0007] Furthermore, the layered joint surface is a horizontal plane, and there are at least two layered joint surfaces that are spaced apart along the height direction of the bottom slab of the sluice.

[0008] Furthermore, the segmented joint surface includes a first segmented joint surface perpendicular to the water flow direction and a second segmented joint surface distributed along the water flow direction.

[0009] Furthermore, the first segmented joint surfaces on any two adjacent bottom slab layers are staggered.

[0010] Furthermore, the second segmented joint surfaces on any two adjacent bottom slab layers are staggered.

[0011] Furthermore, there are at least two joint surface treatment structures, which are spaced apart along the length direction of the segmented joint surface.

[0012] Furthermore, the connecting groove is a trapezoidal groove with an opening size larger than the bottom size, and its horizontal cross-section is an isosceles trapezoid.

[0013] Furthermore, a set of connecting reinforcing bars is provided on each of the upper and lower sides of the connecting groove, and each set includes at least two connecting reinforcing bars that are spaced apart along the length direction of the segmented joint surface.

[0014] Furthermore, the connecting reinforcing bars on the upper and lower sides of the connecting groove are symmetrically distributed up and down with the horizontal center line of the connecting groove as the center of symmetry.

[0015] The beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows: By providing a joint surface treatment structure mainly composed of connecting grooves, connecting keys, and connecting reinforcing bars at the joint surface of the divided blocks, any two adjacent slab blocks are connected together. Since the connecting grooves and connecting keys are specially designed mating connection structures, the quality of manual construction has little influence on their mating connection effect. Therefore, by opening connecting grooves on the slab block on one side of the divided block joint surface and setting connecting keys on the slab block on the other side of the divided block joint surface and mating them with the connecting grooves, it not only helps to stabilize the quality of joint surface treatment, ensure the joint surface bonding effect, but also can improve the connection strength and the integrity of the sluice floor. At the same time, by making the connecting reinforcing bars pass through the layered joint surface and extend into the two slab blocks adjacent to the layered joint surface for anchoring, it further ensures the joint surface bonding effect, connection strength, and the integrity of the sluice floor, and helps to improve the anti-seepage performance of the sluice floor. It is especially suitable for application on the bottom slab of high-head large sluices and can meet the requirements for the strength, integrity, and anti-seepage performance of the bottom slab of high-head large sluices. By staggering the distribution of the first divided block joint surfaces on any two adjacent bottom slab layers and staggering the distribution of the second divided block joint surfaces on any two adjacent bottom slab layers, it is possible to avoid the formation of continuous weak surfaces inside the sluice floor, thereby improving the strength, integrity, and anti-seepage performance of the sluice floor. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0016] Figure 1 is the schematic plan structure diagram of the present invention;

[0017] Figure 2 is the vertical sectional view of the present invention along the water flow direction;

[0018] Figure 3 is the schematic structure diagram of the connecting groove in the present invention;

[0019] Figure 4 is the sectional view of the joint surface treatment structure in the present invention;

[0020] In the figures, the markings are: sluice floor 100, bottom slab layer 110, slab block 111, layered joint surface 210, divided block joint surface 220, first divided block joint surface 221, second divided block joint surface 222, connecting groove 310, connecting key 320, connecting reinforcing bar 330;

[0021] Figure 1 and Figure 2 the arrow directions in indicate the water flow direction. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE EMBODIMENTS

[0022] The present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0023] As shown in Figure 1 , Figure 2 , Figure 3 and Figure 4As shown in the figure, a layered and segmented structure for the bottom slab of a high-head large sluice includes a layered joint surface 210 that divides the sluice bottom slab 100 into at least two bottom slab layers 110, and a segmented joint surface 220 that divides the bottom slab layer 110 into at least two slab layer blocks 111; a joint surface treatment structure is provided at the segmented joint surface 220, and the joint surface treatment structure includes a connecting groove 310, a connecting key 320, and a connecting reinforcement bar 330. The connecting groove 310 is opened on the slab layer block 111 on one side of the segmented joint surface 220, the connecting key 320 is arranged on the slab layer block 111 on the other side of the segmented joint surface 220 and is connected in cooperation with the connecting groove 310, and the connecting reinforcement bar 330 passes through the layered joint surface 210 and extends into the two slab layer blocks 111 adjacent to the layered joint surface 210 respectively.

[0024] This layered and segmented structure connects any two adjacent slab layer blocks 111 together by setting a joint surface treatment structure mainly composed of a connecting groove 310, a connecting key 320, and a connecting reinforcement bar 330 at the segmented joint surface 220. Since the connecting groove 310 and the connecting key 320 are specially set matching connection structures, the quality of artificial construction has little influence on the matching connection effect. Therefore, by opening a connecting groove 310 on the slab layer block 111 on one side of the segmented joint surface 220, and setting a connecting key 320 on the slab layer block 111 on the other side of the segmented joint surface 220 and connecting it in cooperation with the connecting groove 310, it is not only beneficial to make the quality of joint surface treatment stable, ensure the joint surface bonding effect, but also can improve the connection strength and the integrity of the sluice bottom slab; at the same time, by making the connecting reinforcement bar 330 pass through the layered joint surface 210 and extend into the two slab layer blocks 111 adjacent to the layered joint surface 210 for anchoring, the joint surface bonding effect, the connection strength, and the integrity of the sluice bottom slab are further ensured, and it is beneficial to improve the anti-seepage performance of the sluice bottom slab, which is particularly suitable for application on the bottom slab of high-head large sluices. The sluice bottom slab 100 with this layered and segmented structure can not only meet the requirements for layering and segmentation in mass concrete construction, but also ensure the strength, integrity, and anti-seepage performance of the sluice bottom slab 100 under high water pressure, enhancing the reliability of the safe operation of the sluice bottom slab 100 under high heads.

[0025] Among them, the layered joint surface 210 is a joint surface that divides the sluice bottom slab 100 into upper and lower layers, and it is usually a horizontal plane; there are at least two layered joint surfaces 210 and they are spaced along the height direction of the sluice bottom slab 100, dividing the sluice bottom slab 100 into multiple bottom slab layers 110, such as Figure 2 shown. In order to achieve the best layering effect, ensure the integrity of the sluice bottom slab 100 and effectively prevent the generation of concrete temperature cracks, it is preferably that the distance between two adjacent layered joint surfaces 210 is 1m - 1.5m.

[0026] The block joint surface 220 is a joint surface that divides the bottom slab layer 110 into multiple blocks, so as to reduce the hydration heat of the concrete and prevent the generation of temperature cracks in the concrete; the block joint surface 220 is usually a vertical surface; the block joint surface 220 can be respectively arranged along the direction perpendicular to the water flow and the direction along the water flow to form the first block joint surface 221 and the second block joint surface 222 according to factors such as the specific engineering terrain, the cooling and heat dissipation measures of the concrete, and the construction conditions. For another example Figure 1 as shown.

[0027] On the above basis, in order to avoid forming a continuous weak surface inside the sluice bottom slab 100, preferably as shown in Figure 1 and 2 again, the first block joint surfaces 221 on any two adjacent bottom slab layers 110 are arranged in a staggered manner, and the distance between two adjacent first block joint surfaces 221 arranged in a staggered manner is usually 1m - 2m; in this way, it can be ensured that the first block joint surfaces 221 on any two adjacent bottom slab layers 110 are not in the same vertical plane, avoiding the up and down penetration of two adjacent first block joint surfaces 221, and improving the strength, integrity and anti-seepage performance of the sluice bottom slab 100. Similarly, preferably, the second block joint surfaces 222 on any two adjacent bottom slab layers 110 are arranged in a staggered manner, and the distance between two adjacent second block joint surfaces 222 arranged in a staggered manner is usually 1m - 2m.

[0028] The joint surface treatment structure is a connection strengthening structure arranged at the block joint surface 220. By setting the above joint surface treatment structure, it is not only beneficial to stabilize the quality of the joint surface treatment, ensure the joint effect of the joint surface, but also can improve the connection strength and the integrity of the sluice bottom slab 100, and is beneficial to improving the anti-seepage performance of the sluice bottom slab. In order to improve the joint effect of the joint surface, preferably, the joint surface treatment structure is at least two and is distributed at intervals along the length direction of the block joint surface 220; in order to balance the joint effect of the joint surface and the construction cost, preferably, the horizontal distance between any two adjacent joint surface treatment structures is controlled at 30cm.

[0029] The connection groove 310 is usually opened on the side surface of the slab layer block 111, and it can be of various structures, such as: circular groove, rectangular groove, triangular groove, spherical crown groove, rhombic groove, etc.; in order to facilitate the joint of the joint surface and reduce the construction difficulty, as shown in Figure 2 、 Figure 3 and Figure 4 again, preferably, the connection groove 310 is a trapezoidal groove with an opening size larger than the bottom size, and its horizontal section is an isosceles trapezoid. The connection key 320 is a structure matching the connection groove 310, and it is usually arranged on the side surface of the slab layer block 111.

[0030] The connecting dowel bars 330 are parts inserted into the slab blocks 111 for connection. To ensure the connection effect, it is preferred to use dowel bars with a diameter of 28 mm and a length of 3 m as the connecting dowel bars 330. The depths at which the connecting dowel bars 330 are inserted into the slab blocks 111 on both sides of the block joint surface 200 are both 1.5 m.

[0031] To further improve the connection stability and enhance the overall structural strength of the sluice floor 100, for another example Figure 3 As shown, a set of connecting dowel bars 330 is provided on each of the upper and lower sides of the connection groove 310. Each set includes at least two connecting dowel bars 330 spaced apart along the length direction of the block joint surface 220. It is preferred to control the spacing between two adjacent connecting dowel bars 330 in each set at 0.5 m.

[0032] Preferably, in combination with Figure 3 and Figure 4 As shown, the connecting dowel bars 330 on the upper and lower sides of the connection groove 310 are symmetrically distributed up and down with the horizontal center line of the connection groove 310 as the symmetry center. The connecting dowel bars 330 symmetrically distributed on the upper and lower sides of the connection groove 310, together with the mating connection groove 310 and connection key 320, can achieve a better connection and fixing effect, not only ensuring the effectiveness of the joint surface combination, but also greatly enhancing the overall structural strength and anti-seepage performance of the sluice floor 100.

[0033] Embodiment

[0034] A certain large-scale sluice includes three flood discharge sluices and one sewage discharge sluice, all built on bedrock, and the power station utilizes a head drop of 40.0 m. The flood discharge sluice type is a reinforced concrete breast wall type flat-bottom sluice, and the maximum sluice height is 49.5 m. The three flood discharge sluices and one sewage discharge sluice form a sluice section, the total length of the sluice section is 41.0 m, and the length of the sluice chamber along the water flow direction is 65.0 m.

[0035] The sluice floor 100 of this large-scale sluice includes a layered joint surface 210, a first block joint surface 221 perpendicular to the water flow direction, a second block joint surface 222 along the water flow direction, and joint surface treatment structures respectively arranged at the first block joint surface 221 and the second block joint surface 222. The joint surface treatment structure includes a connection groove 310, a connection key 320, and connecting dowel bars 330. The connection groove 310 is opened on the slab block 111 on one side of the block joint surface 220, the connection key 320 is arranged on the slab block 111 on the other side of the block joint surface 220 and is in mating connection with the connection groove 310, and the connecting dowel bars 330 pass through the layered joint surface 210 and respectively extend into the two slab blocks 111 adjacent to the layered joint surface 210;

[0036] The layered joint surface 210, the first block joint surface 221 and the second block joint surface 222 jointly complete the layered and block division of the sluice floor 100 to meet the block length limit and height limit of concrete pouring. Then, the joint surface treatment structure strengthens the combination between the joint surfaces, improves the strength, integrity and anti-seepage performance of the sluice floor 100 to ensure the reliability of the safe operation of the sluice floor 100 under high water pressure.

[0037] In the sluice floor 100 of the large sluice, the layered joint surface 210 is a horizontal plane. Except that the interlayer distance in contact with the bedrock is 1m, the interlayer distance of the remaining layers is 1.5m. That is, the thickness of the bottom floor layer 110 in contact with the bedrock is 1m, and the thickness of the remaining bottom floor layers 110 is 1.5m; the first block joint surfaces 221 on any two adjacent bottom floor layers 110 are staggeredly distributed, and the distance between two adjacent first block joint surfaces 221 with staggered distribution is usually 1m - 2m; the second block joint surfaces 222 on any two adjacent bottom floor layers 110 are staggeredly distributed, and the distance between two adjacent second block joint surfaces 222 with staggered distribution is usually 1m - 2m.

[0038] There are at least two joint surface treatment structures, which are spaced along the length direction of the block joint surface 220, and the horizontal distance between any two adjacent joint surface treatment structures is controlled within 30cm; the connecting groove 310 is a trapezoidal groove with an opening size larger than the bottom size, and its horizontal cross-section is an isosceles trapezoid; the depth of the connecting groove 310 is 30cm, the bottom width of the groove is 40cm, and the top width of the groove depends on the thickness of the bottom floor layer 110. When the thickness of the bottom floor layer 110 is 1m, the top width of the groove is 60cm, and when the thickness of the bottom floor layer 110 is 1.5m, the top width of the groove is 90cm. The connecting key 320 is a structure matching the connecting groove 310. A set of connecting dowels 330 is provided on each of the upper and lower sides of the connecting groove 310. Each set includes at least two connecting dowels 330 spaced along the length direction of the block joint surface 220. The diameter of the connecting dowel 330 is 28mm and the length is 3mm. The depths of both ends of the connecting dowel 330 inserted into the slab block 111 are 1.5m, and the distance between two adjacent connecting dowels 330 in each set is controlled within 0.5m.

Claims

1. Hierarchical and block-structured for the bottom slab of a large high-head sluice, comprising a hierarchical joint surface (210) that divides the sluice bottom slab (100) into at least two bottom slab layers (110), and a block joint surface (220) that divides the bottom slab layer (110) into at least two slab blocks (111); characterized in that: A joint surface treatment structure is provided at the block joint surface (220). The joint surface treatment structure includes a connecting groove (310), a connecting key (320), and a connecting reinforcing bar (330). The connecting groove (310) is opened on the slab block (111) on one side of the block joint surface (220). The connecting key (320) is arranged on the slab block (111) on the other side of the block joint surface (220) and is cooperatively connected with the connecting groove (310). The connecting reinforcing bar (330) passes through the layered joint surface (210) and extends into the two slab blocks (111) adjacent to the layered joint surface (210) respectively. The layered joint surface (210) is a horizontal plane, and there are at least two layered joint surfaces (210) which are spaced apart along the height direction of the sluice floor (100). The block joint surface (220) includes a first block joint surface (221) perpendicular to the water flow direction and a second block joint surface (222) distributed along the water flow direction. There are at least two joint surface treatment structures, which are spaced apart along the length direction of the block joint surface (220). The connecting groove (310) is a trapezoidal groove with an opening size larger than the bottom size, and its horizontal section is an isosceles trapezoid. A group of connecting reinforcing bars (330) is provided on each of the upper and lower sides of the connecting groove (310), and each group includes at least two connecting reinforcing bars (330) spaced apart along the length direction of the block joint surface (220).

2. The layered and segmented structure for the bottom slab of a high-head large sluice as described in claim 1, wherein: The first block joint surfaces (221) on any two adjacent bottom slabs (110) are staggeredly distributed.

3. The layered and segmented structure for the bottom slab of a high-head large sluice as described in claim 2, wherein: The second block joint surfaces (222) on any two adjacent bottom slabs (110) are staggeredly distributed.

4. The layered and segmented structure for the bottom slab of a high-head large sluice according to claim 1, wherein: The connecting reinforcing bars (330) on the upper and lower sides of the connecting groove (310) are symmetrically distributed up and down with the horizontal center line of the connecting groove (310) as the symmetry center.

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