Multi-layer, multi-column and multi-row three-dimensional garage

Abstract

The present invention provides a multi-layer, multi-column and multi-row three-dimensional garage. The key points are as follows: all parking spaces are arranged in multiple layers, multiple columns and multiple rows; an elevator shaft is provided in the middle of each row, and three-layer elevators are provided in each elevator shaft except the last row, and two-layer or three-layer elevators are provided in the elevator shaft of the last row, and the adjacent elevator shafts in the row are communicated; a tray driving device is installed on the floor of each parking space and the elevator car; the tray driving device consists of a bracket and a pair of driving systems, and the bracket is composed of a rectangular frame and its transverse and longitudinal support beams; a pair of driving systems refer to the transverse and longitudinal driving systems, and each driving system is composed of a reducer, a transmission shaft, a number of transmission gears and a driving gear in sequence and is installed on the bracket; transverse and longitudinal racks are installed on the lower surface of each tray, and each rack corresponds to and meshes with the driving gear in the same direction.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to an elevator type multi - storey garage. Background Art

[0002] CN201411928Y discloses a multi - storey and multi - column elevator type multi - storey garage. Its hoist and its car 3 (elevator for multi - storey garage, the same below) are arranged in the hoistway. On the left and right sides of the elevator car, that is, the elevator shaft, n parking spaces are arranged respectively. The hoistway includes a penthouse floor (higher than the top floor of the garage) and a basement floor. The so - called multi - storey means the arrangement of multiple parking spaces in the up - down direction (Y - axis direction); the multi - column means the arrangement of multiple parking spaces in the direction on the left and right sides of the elevator shaft on each floor (X - axis direction). For example, the number of columns in CN201411928Y is 2n; the number of parking spaces and elevator shafts in the front - rear direction (Z - axis direction) is fixed, both being one. Therefore, the multiple parking spaces in CN201411928Y are arranged on a plane perpendicular to the ground, that is, a two - dimensional plane. In this article, the quantity unit of the arrangement of multiple parking spaces in the front - rear direction is defined as a row; the elevator shaft mentioned in this article refers to the hoistway of CN201411928Y, and the elevator car mentioned in this article refers to the car (frame - type car) for transporting sedans. With the development of the economy and society, the capacity of the multi - storey and multi - column multi - storey garage arranged on a two - dimensional plane cannot meet the needs.

[0003] CN203669444U discloses a lateral movement control device for a car - carrying tray of a multi - storey garage, which includes a plurality of laterally arranged car - carrying trays 1 and lateral movement guide rails 2 arranged below the car - carrying trays. Each car - carrying tray is provided with traveling wheels 4 driven by a lateral movement motor 3 at the bottom, and the traveling wheels are installed on the lateral movement guide rails. The car - carrying tray can only move laterally and cannot move forward and backward. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The object of the present invention is to provide a multi - storey, multi - column and multi - row multi - storey garage, in which the parking spaces are arranged in a three - dimensional space. The scope of protection claimed by the present invention does not include the control method of the tray driving device.

[0005] The object of the present invention is achieved as follows: It includes an elevator and a number of car - carrying trays (hereinafter referred to as trays). On the left and right sides of the elevator shaft, n parking spaces are arranged respectively. The characteristics are that all parking spaces are arranged in multiple layers, multiple columns and multiple rows, where the number of rows is not less than 2; an elevator shaft is arranged in the middle of each row (in the same column). Except for the last row, each elevator shaft is provided with three elevators (i.e., upper, middle and lower elevators), and the elevator shaft in the last row is provided with two or three elevators. The elevator shafts adjacent in rows are communicated (there is no partition wall between adjacent elevator shafts).

[0006] Install a tray drive device on the floor of each parking space and elevator car; the tray drive device consists of a bracket and a pair of drive systems. The bracket is composed of a rectangular frame and its horizontal and vertical support beams. There are at least two support beams in each direction, and the support beams in the same direction are parallel to each other and symmetrically arranged within the rectangular frame. The pair of drive systems refers to the horizontal and vertical drive systems. Each drive system is composed of a reducer (the reducer mentioned in this article refers to a reducer driven by a motor), a transmission shaft, several transmission gears, and a drive gear in sequence, and is installed on the bracket. Among them, several drive gears (hereinafter referred to as drive gears) in each drive system are installed on the side of the support beams in the same direction, and at least two drive gears are installed on each support beam.

[0007] Install horizontal and vertical racks on the lower surface of each tray. The arrangement forms of the horizontal and vertical racks are the same as those of the horizontal and vertical support beams. The teeth of the racks face downward. Each rack corresponds to the gears of the drive system in the same direction. When the tray (with its lower surface) covers the tray drive device and its bracket, the corresponding racks and gears mesh, that is, all drive gears mesh with the corresponding racks. When the horizontal gear rotates forward and backward, it drives the horizontal rack and the tray to move left and right horizontally on the drive device (parking space or car floor); when the vertical gear rotates forward and backward, it drives the vertical rack and the tray to move forward and backward longitudinally on the drive device (parking space or car floor), that is, the tray can move in four directions on the plane. When the tray moves from one tray drive device to an adjacent tray drive device, the adjacent side of the tray rack will first mesh with the rotating drive gear of the adjacent tray drive device, and these two adjacent tray drive devices will drive the tray simultaneously until the tray is completely moved onto the adjacent tray drive device.

[0008] An elevator shaft is provided in each row, and the elevator shafts in adjacent rows are interconnected. Each elevator shaft is equipped with three elevators, namely, an upper elevator, a middle elevator, and a lower elevator. The problem to be solved is that when all the parking spaces are occupied, it is necessary to retrieve the vehicle (target vehicle) parked in the parking space farthest from the elevator shaft. It is necessary to temporarily move the vehicles between the elevator entrance and the target vehicle and store them temporarily in the elevators other than the main delivery elevator. For this purpose, the elevator shafts in adjacent rows are interconnected, so that all the elevator shafts form an alley-like passage in the front-rear direction (Z-axis direction). When all the middle elevators stop at a certain floor simultaneously, all the elevator cars form a temporary passage arranged in a straight line in the front-rear direction and lead to the parking spaces on that floor, facilitating the tray for carrying vehicles to pass through between the temporary passage and the parking spaces on that floor, thereby realizing the other elevators as temporary parking spaces. When a certain column of middle elevators descends as the main delivery elevator, a gap is left and filled by the upper elevators in that column descending, so as to complete the temporary passage and facilitate sending the temporarily parked vehicles back to their original parking spaces. The lower elevator generally operates between the first floor and the basement first floor. The function of setting the basement first floor is, firstly, as a temporary storage place for the trays; secondly, when a certain row of middle elevators other than the first row descends to the ground as the main delivery elevator, a gap will be formed between the main delivery elevator and the exit. At this time, the lower elevators in the other rows rise to the ground to fill the position and form a departure passage.

[0009] The operating method of the above elevator and tray driving device can be controlled by a general programmable logic controller (PLC), a microcomputer, or a bus.

[0010] Compared with the prior art, the positive effect of the present invention is that the ratio of its total building area, that is, the vehicle storage capacity, to the occupied area is large. Therefore, when the vehicle storage capacity is the same, the present invention saves the occupied area. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0011] The present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0012] Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of the present invention (the right half of the elevator shaft is cut open).

[0013] Figure 2 is Figure 1 a P-direction view of the tray driving device 200 in

[0014] Figure 3 is a schematic diagram of the tray installation rack surface.

[0015] Figure 4 is a schematic diagram at step 5 of retrieving the vehicle (for the sake of clarity of the drawing, only vehicle A, vehicle B, and vehicle C are retained, and other vehicles are omitted). DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0016] See Figure 1, all the parking spaces 101 of the present invention are arranged in six layers, six columns and three rows, that is, the multi-storey garage 100 is provided with six layers of parking spaces from bottom to top. Three parking spaces are arranged on each of the left and right sides of the elevator shaft 102, forming six columns of parking spaces from left to right. The multi-storey garage 100 is provided with three rows of parking spaces from front to back. In this way, a total of 6×6×3 = 108 parking spaces are set. An elevator shaft is arranged in the middle of each row. The first and second rows of each elevator shaft are provided with upper elevators 103 and 113, middle elevators 104 and 114, and lower elevators 105 and 106. The elevator shaft of the third row is provided with an upper elevator 123 and a middle elevator 124. All the elevator shafts are arranged in the same column. In this way, the multi-storey garage has a total of seven columns. The middle column is the elevator shaft, and three columns of parking spaces are arranged on each of its two sides. The elevator shafts of adjacent rows are connected (there is no partition wall between adjacent elevator shafts), and the three elevator shafts form an alley-style passage running from front to back.

[0017] A tray driving device 200 is installed on the floor of each parking space and the floor of each elevator car; see Figure 2 , the tray driving device is composed of a bracket 210 and a pair of driving systems. The bracket 210 is composed of a rectangular frame 211 and transverse support beams 212 and longitudinal support beams 213 installed in the rectangular frame. Two transverse support beams are arranged in each direction. The transverse support beams in the same direction are parallel to each other and symmetrically arranged in the rectangular frame to form a cross shape; the pair of driving systems refers to a transverse driving system and a longitudinal driving system. The transverse driving system is composed of a motor 220, a speed reducer 221, a transmission shaft 222, a plurality of transmission gears 223 and a plurality of driving gears 224 in sequence. The longitudinal driving system is composed of a motor 230, a speed reducer 231, a transmission shaft 232, a plurality of transmission gears and a plurality of driving gears 234 in sequence. Each driving system is installed on the bracket. Among them, each driving gear in each direction is installed on the outer side surface of the support rod in the same direction, and at least two driving gears are installed on each support rod. The transmission gears 233 are all bevel gears for transmitting between intersecting shafts.

[0018] See Figure 3, a transverse rack 301 and a longitudinal rack 302 are installed on the lower surface of each tray 300. The arrangement forms of the transverse and longitudinal racks are the same as those of the transverse and longitudinal support beams, both in a grid pattern. The teeth of the racks face downward. Each transverse rack corresponds to a co-directional driving gear. When the tray covers the tray driving device and its bracket with its lower surface, the corresponding rack meshes with the gear, that is, all the transverse driving gears mesh with the transverse racks, and all the longitudinal driving gears mesh with the longitudinal racks. When the transverse gear rotates forward and backward, it drives the transverse rack and the tray to move horizontally left and right on the driving device (parking space or car floor); when the longitudinal gear rotates forward and backward, it drives the longitudinal rack and the tray to move longitudinally forward and backward on the driving device (parking space or car floor), that is, the tray can achieve planar movement in four directions. When the tray moves from one parking space to an adjacent parking space or the tray driving device of the elevator car, the adjacent side of the tray rack will first mesh with the rotating gear of the adjacent tray driving device, and these two adjacent tray driving devices drive the tray simultaneously until the tray is completely moved to the adjacent parking space or elevator car.

[0019] When all parking spaces are full, that is, there is a tray and a vehicle on each parking space, and there is no tray on all elevators, it is the most difficult to retrieve the vehicle in the parking space farthest from the elevator. The following takes three such situations as examples to specifically illustrate the vehicle retrieval method of the present invention:

[0020] Situation 1: When retrieving vehicle A (target vehicle) in the parking space on the fourth floor, first row, and first column, the two vehicles outside vehicle A, that is, vehicle B in the second column and vehicle C in the third column in the same row and on the same floor, need to be moved out first. Specifically, in step 1, first move three middle-level elevators (named the first-row middle-level elevator, the second-row middle-level elevator, and the third-row middle-level elevator respectively) to the fourth floor and stop (see Figure 1 ); in step 2, move out the tray carrying vehicle C. The moving track is: move horizontally outward → the first-row middle-level elevator 104, move backward → the second-row middle-level elevator 114, move backward → the third-row middle-level elevator 124, and temporarily store; in step 3, move out the tray carrying vehicle B. The moving track is: move horizontally outward → the third-column parking space, move horizontally → the first-row middle-level elevator 104, move backward → the second-row middle-level elevator 114, and temporarily store; in step 4, the target vehicle A moves horizontally outward in sequence → the second-column parking space → the third-column parking space → the first-row middle-level elevator 104; in step 5, see Figure 4 , the first-row middle-level elevator 104 descends to the ground, and vehicle A drives out of the garage. At the same time, the first-row upper-level elevator 103 descends to the fourth floor and stops to fill the gap left by the middle-level elevator 104; in step 6, the tray in step 3 (vehicle B) runs in the reverse direction and moves the tray to the original parking space; in step 7, the tray in step 2 (vehicle C) runs in the reverse direction and moves the tray to the original parking space.

[0021] Case 2: When vehicle B in the parking space on the fourth floor, first column, and second row needs to be retrieved, the difference 1 from the vehicle retrieval method in Case 1 is that vehicle C and vehicle B are successively horizontally moved to the middle elevator 114 on the second row, and then respectively moved forward and backward to the middle elevator 104 on the first row and the middle elevator 124 on the third row; the difference 2 is that when the middle elevator 114 on the second row descends to the ground, the lower elevator 105 on the first row rises to the first floor to fill the elevator shaft on the ground, allowing vehicle B to drive out of the garage.

[0022] Case 3: When vehicle C in the parking space on the fourth floor, first column, and third row needs to be retrieved, the difference 1 from the vehicle retrieval method in Case 1 is that vehicle C and vehicle B are successively horizontally moved to the middle elevator 124 on the third row, and then respectively moved forward to the middle elevator 104 on the first row and the middle elevator 114 on the second row; the difference 2 is that when the middle elevator 124 on the third row descends to the ground, the lower elevator 105 on the first row and the lower elevator 106 on the second row rise to the first floor to fill the elevator shaft on the ground, allowing vehicle C to drive out of the garage.

[0023] The ground elevator shaft of the lower elevator is used for position compensation. Therefore, the third row, which is the last row, does not need to be compensated and may not be equipped with a lower elevator. A simple lifting platform for the lower elevator can meet the requirements.

[0024] After the vehicle to be retrieved drives out of the garage, the middle elevator for delivering the vehicle descends to the -0.5 floor. The crane on the -1 floor 107 unloads the tray 300 on the middle elevator and stores it at a designated position on the -1 floor; when there is a vehicle storage task, a middle elevator on a certain row descends to the -0.5 floor, and the crane loads the tray onto the middle elevator. The middle elevator rises to the first floor to pick up the vehicle and transports it to an empty parking space in the garage.

[0025] The third row can also be equipped with three - layer elevators, namely upper, middle, and lower elevators, like the first row. The operation mode has higher efficiency for vehicle retrieval and pick - up, but the cost will also be higher.

Claims

1. A multi-layer, multi-column and multi-row three-dimensional garage, comprising an elevator and a plurality of trays, with n parking spaces arranged on each of the left and right sides of the elevator shaft, characterized in that: All parking spaces are arranged in multiple layers, multiple columns and multiple rows, where the number of rows is not less than 2; an elevator shaft is arranged in the middle of each row, and three layers of elevators are arranged in each elevator shaft except the last row, and two or three layers of elevators are arranged in the elevator shaft of the last row, and the adjacent elevator shafts in the row are connected; A tray driving device is installed on the floor of each parking space and the elevator car; the tray driving device consists of a bracket and a pair of driving systems, the bracket is composed of a rectangular frame and its horizontal and vertical support beams, and there are at least two support beams in each direction, and the support beams in the same direction are parallel to each other and symmetrically arranged within the rectangular frame; the pair of driving systems refers to the horizontal and vertical driving systems, and each driving system is composed of a reducer, a transmission shaft, several transmission gears and driving gears in sequence and is installed on the bracket, and several driving gears in each driving system are installed on the side of the support beams in the same direction, and at least two driving gears are installed on each support beam; Horizontal and vertical racks are installed on the lower surface of each tray, and the arrangement forms of the horizontal and vertical racks are the same as those of the horizontal and vertical support beams, and the teeth of the racks face downwards, and each rack corresponds to the driving gear in the same direction. When the tray covers the tray driving device and its bracket, the corresponding racks and gears are engaged, that is, all the horizontal driving gears are engaged on the horizontal rack, and all the vertical driving gears are engaged on the vertical rack.

2. The multi-layer, multi-column and multi-row three-dimensional garage according to claim 1, characterized in that: The statement that all parking spaces are arranged in multiple layers, multiple columns and multiple rows means that all parking spaces are arranged in six layers, six columns and three rows, an elevator shaft is arranged in the middle of each row, and an upper elevator, a middle elevator and a lower elevator are arranged in each elevator shaft of the first and second rows, and an upper elevator and a middle elevator are arranged in the elevator shaft of the third row; two support beams are arranged in each direction, and the support beams in the same direction are parallel to each other and symmetrically arranged within the rectangular frame to form a cross shape; the arrangement forms of the horizontal and vertical racks are the same as those of the horizontal and vertical support beams, both of which are in a cross shape.

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