A reduction furnace for treating waste positive electrode materials of lithium batteries

Abstract

The present invention discloses a reduction furnace for treating waste positive electrode materials of lithium batteries, including a treatment furnace body and a roasting component, an upper linkage mechanism, a water immersion component, and a lower linkage mechanism that are matched and installed in the treatment furnace body, wherein the roasting component is used to mix the positive electrode waste of lithium batteries with salt additives and reducing agents and perform roasting treatment within a set temperature range, the upper linkage mechanism is used to control the material in the roasting component to enter the water immersion component, the water immersion component is used to mix the product after roasting treatment with water to form a slurry, and selectively add acid for reduction reaction, and separate the obtained liquid material from the slag material, and the lower linkage mechanism is used to control the discharge of the material in the water immersion component. Through the coordinated work of the upper linkage mechanism, the lower linkage mechanism, and the driving mechanism, the present application can quickly complete the transmission and reaction of materials between various processes, and can efficiently and quickly complete the reduction and recovery of lithium battery positive electrode waste.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of lithium ion battery positive electrode material recovery, in particular to a reduction furnace for processing waste positive electrode materials of lithium batteries. Background Art

[0002] When recycling the positive electrode materials of waste lithium batteries, the traditional treatment method is to first add a reducing agent to the positive electrode material for roasting to obtain a roasting product, then add water to the roasting product to mix with a supporting slurry, and select different acidic solutions according to the different positive electrode materials to remove related substances with high purity. However, due to the lack of reduction recovery furnaces specifically for lithium batteries, the recycling efficiency of lithium batteries is extremely low. Due to the wide application of lithium batteries in the market, if they are not effectively recycled and treated, they will cause serious damage to the natural environment and will also be a huge waste of resources. Summary of the invention

[0003] In view of the above-mentioned deficiencies in the prior art, an object of the present invention is to provide a reduction furnace for treating waste positive electrode materials of lithium batteries, which can efficiently and quickly complete the reduction and recovery of waste positive electrode materials of lithium batteries.

[0004] The technical solution adopted by the present invention to achieve the above-mentioned purpose is: a reduction furnace for processing waste positive electrode materials of lithium batteries, including a processing furnace body and a roasting component, an upper linkage mechanism, a water immersion component, and a lower linkage mechanism installed in the processing furnace body. The upper linkage mechanism is used to control the material in the roasting component to enter the water immersion component, and the lower linkage mechanism is used to control the discharge of the material in the water immersion component.

[0005] The roasting component includes: a mounting barrel body fixedly connected to the inner wall of the processing furnace body, a mounting ring fixedly connected to the middle section of the inner wall of the mounting barrel body, a sealing discharge seat slidably installed in the mounting barrel body and arranged on the lower side of the mounting ring, an eddy current heating cable spirally wound in the mounting barrel body, and a feed hopper fixedly connected to the outer side of the processing furnace body and connected to the mounting barrel body.

[0006] In the roasting component, the bottom of the mounting barrel and the bottom of the sealing discharge seat are both arranged as V-shaped structures nested with each other, the connection between the feed hopper and the mounting barrel is located below the sealing discharge seat, and the feed hopper is equipped with a sealing cover.

[0007] The water immersion component includes: a lifting plate slidably installed in the processing furnace body and arranged below the roasting component, an upper rotating plate rotatably installed in the processing furnace body and arranged below the lifting plate, an upper stirring blade distributed in a ring array on the lower surface of the upper rotating plate, a lower rotating plate installed in the processing furnace body in a free sliding and rotating manner and arranged below the upper rotating plate, lower stirring blades distributed in a ring array on the lower rotating plate, filtering through holes evenly opened on the lower rotating plate, a mounting plate rotatably installed in the processing furnace body and arranged below the lower rotating plate, and a blocking rod evenly fixed to the mounting plate and nested and plugged with the filtering through holes; a water immersion area is formed between the upper rotating plate and the lower rotating plate, and the upper stirring blade and the lower stirring blade are dynamically connected to a driving mechanism.

[0008] In the water immersion component, the lower surface of the upper rotating disk and the upper surface of the lower rotating disk are both arranged as a V-shaped structure, and the upper stirring blades and the lower stirring blades are both arranged obliquely along the V-shaped structure.

[0009] The upper linkage mechanism includes: a plurality of first hydraulic telescopic cylinders vertically arranged in the processing furnace body and connected at both ends to the bottom of the mounting barrel body and the lifting plate respectively, an upper material conveying pipe penetrating through the axis of the upper rotating plate and fixedly connected to the lifting plate, a sleeve fixedly connected to the axis of the lower surface of the upper rotating plate and nested with the bottom end of the upper material conveying pipe, a discharge opening provided on the outer wall of the sealing sleeve, a discharge port provided at the axis of the bottom of the mounting barrel body and nested and plugged with the top end of the upper material conveying pipe, an upper sealing head nested at the discharge port and fixedly connected to the upper material conveying pipe, a driving rod fixedly connected to the top of the sealing head and penetrating through the sealing discharge seat, and a transmission mechanism matched with the mounting ring and linked to the driving rod.

[0010] The upper linkage mechanism also includes the following technical features: the upper sealing head is fixedly connected to the upper material conveying pipe by a connecting frame, the upper material conveying pipe is fixedly connected to the lifting plate by multiple groups of L-shaped rods, and a nesting groove for nesting with the upper sealing head is provided at the axis of the lower surface of the sealing discharge seat, and the depth of the nesting groove is greater than the thickness of the upper sealing head, and the connection between the driving rod and the sealing discharge seat remains sealed.

[0011] The transmission mechanism included in the upper linkage mechanism includes the following features: a first screw fixedly connected to the top end of the driving rod, a first gear rotatably installed at the axis of the mounting ring and kept in rotation with the first screw, multiple groups of second gears rotatably installed on the mounting ring and kept in meshing with the first gear, and multiple groups of second screws fixedly connected to the upper surface of the sealing discharge seat and kept in rotation with the axis of the second gear.

[0012] The lower linkage mechanism includes: a lower material conveying pipe fixedly connected to the axis of the lower rotating disk and passing through the mounting disk, an upper fixed disk and a lower fixed disk fixedly connected to the processing furnace body and arranged below the mounting disk, a middle fixed disk fixedly connected to the outer periphery of the lower material conveying pipe and arranged between the upper fixed disk and the lower fixed disk, a second hydraulic telescopic cylinder vertically fixedly arranged in the processing furnace body and with the upper fixed disk and the middle fixed disk connected at both ends respectively, a lower sealing head slidably installed on the top end of the upper material conveying pipe, and a support rod passing through the lower material conveying pipe and with the lower sealing head and the bottom of the processing furnace body fixed at both ends respectively.

[0013] The lower linkage mechanism also includes the following technical features: the upper fixed plate and the lower fixed plate have no spatial interference with the lower feed pipe and the middle fixed plate, a liquid discharge pipe flush with the mounting plate is provided on the side wall of the processing furnace body, and a slag discharge port is provided at the bottom of the processing furnace body.

[0014] A driving mechanism is installed on the basis of the processing furnace body, the upper rotating disk and the lower linkage mechanism, and the driving mechanism includes: a mounting sleeve fixedly connected to the upper rotating disk and arranged on the outer periphery of the upper material conveying pipe, a first sprocket fixedly connected to the top end of the mounting sleeve, a transmission shaft rotatably mounted on the outside of the processing furnace body and arranged in a vertical direction, a second sprocket fixedly connected to the top end of the transmission shaft and realizing chain transmission with the first sprocket through a chain, a sliding guide rail fixedly connected to the outer side wall of the lower material conveying pipe and arranged in a vertical direction, a third sprocket rotatably mounted on the lower fixed disk and nested and plugged into the sliding guide rail, and a fourth sprocket fixedly connected to the bottom end of the transmission shaft and realizing chain transmission with the third sprocket through a chain.

[0015] A driving motor is also fixedly mounted on the outer wall of the processing furnace body, and a rotating shaft of the driving motor is fixedly connected to the transmission shaft.

[0016] The beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows: the positive electrode waste of lithium batteries is mixed with salt additives and reducing agents through a roasting component and roasted within a set temperature range, the upper linkage mechanism is used to control the materials in the roasting component to enter the water immersion component, the water immersion component is used to mix the roasted product with water to form a slurry, and selectively add acid for reduction reaction, and separate the obtained liquid material from the slag material, and the lower linkage mechanism is used to control the discharge of the materials in the water immersion component. In summary, this application can quickly complete the transmission and reaction of materials between various processes through the coordinated work of the upper linkage mechanism, the lower linkage mechanism, and the driving mechanism, and can efficiently and quickly complete the reduction and recovery of the positive electrode waste of lithium batteries. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0017] Figure 1 It is a structural schematic diagram of the present invention;

[0018] Figure 2 For the Figure 1A schematic diagram of the enlarged details of part A;

[0019] Figure 3 For the Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the enlarged detail of part B;

[0020] Figure 4 For the Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the enlarged detail of part C;

[0021] Figure 5 For the Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the enlarged detail of part D.

[0022] In the figure: 1 treatment furnace body, 2 installation barrel body, 3 installation ring, 4 sealing discharge seat, 5 eddy current heating cable, 6 feed hopper, 7 lifting plate, 8 upper rotating plate, 9 upper stirring blade, 10 lower rotating plate, 11 lower stirring blade, 12 filtering through hole, 13 installation plate, 14 blocking rod, 15 first hydraulic telescopic cylinder, 16 upper feeding pipe, 17 sleeve, 18 discharge port, 19 discharge port, 20 upper blocking head, 21 driving rod, 22 connecting frame, 23 L-shaped rod, 24 nesting groove, 25 first screw, 26 first gear, 27 second gear, 28 second screw, 29 lower material conveying pipe, 30 upper fixed plate, 31 lower fixed plate, 32 middle fixed plate, 33 second hydraulic telescopic cylinder, 34 lower plugging head, 35 support rod, 36 drain pipe, 37 slag discharge port, 38 installation sleeve, 39 first sprocket, 40 transmission shaft, 41 second sprocket, 42 sliding guide rail, 43 third sprocket, 44 fourth sprocket, 45 driving motor. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0023] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0024] See also Figure 1-5 , and propose the following embodiments.

[0025] Example 1

[0026] A reduction furnace for treating waste positive electrode materials of lithium batteries, comprising a treatment furnace body 1 and a roasting component, an upper linkage mechanism, a water immersion component, and a lower linkage mechanism installed in the treatment furnace body 1, wherein the roasting component is used to mix the positive electrode waste of the lithium battery with a salt additive and a reducing agent and perform a roasting treatment within a set temperature range, the upper linkage mechanism is used to control the material in the roasting component to enter the water immersion component, the water immersion component is used to mix the roasted product with water to form a slurry, and selectively add acid for reduction reaction, and separate the obtained liquid material from the slag material, and the lower linkage mechanism is used to control the discharge of the material in the water immersion component.

[0027] The roasting components include: a mounting barrel body 2 fixedly connected to the inner wall of the processing furnace body 1, a mounting ring 3 fixedly connected to the middle section of the inner wall of the mounting barrel body 2, a sealing discharge seat 4 slidably installed in the mounting barrel body 2 and arranged on the lower side of the mounting ring 3, an eddy current heating cable 5 spirally wound in the mounting barrel body 2, and a feed hopper 6 fixedly connected to the outer side of the processing furnace body 1 and connected to the mounting barrel body 2.

[0028] The materials to be roasted are fed into the installation barrel body 2 from the feed hopper 6, and the materials therein are roasted when the eddy current heating cable 5 is energized. After the treatment is completed, since the bottom of the installation barrel body 2 and the bottom of the sealed discharge seat 4 are arranged to be nested in each other in a V-shaped structure, the products in the installation barrel body 2 can be discharged into the water-immersed component during the downward movement of the sealed discharge seat 4.

[0029] The connection point between the feed hopper 6 and the mounting barrel 2 is located below the sealing discharge seat 4. A sealing cover is mounted on the feed hopper 6. During the roasting process, tightening the sealing cover can prevent heat from flowing out and prevent toxic substances from leaking out.

[0030] The water immersion component includes: a lifting plate 7 slidably installed in the processing furnace body 1 and arranged below the roasting component, an upper rotating plate 8 rotatably installed in the processing furnace body 1 and arranged below the lifting plate 7, an upper stirring blade 9 distributed in a ring array on the lower surface of the upper rotating plate 8, a lower rotating plate 10 installed in the processing furnace body 1 in a free sliding and rotating manner and arranged below the upper rotating plate 8, lower stirring blades 11 distributed in a ring array on the lower rotating plate 10, filtering holes 12 uniformly opened on the lower rotating plate 10, a mounting plate 13 rotatably installed in the processing furnace body 1 and arranged below the lower rotating plate 10, and a blocking rod 14 uniformly fixed on the mounting plate 13 and nested and plugged with the filtering holes 12; a water immersion area is formed between the upper rotating plate 8 and the lower rotating plate 10, and the upper stirring blade 9 and the lower stirring blade 11 are dynamically connected to a driving mechanism.

[0031] The water immersion area between the upper rotating disk 8 and the lower rotating disk 10 is connected with an injection pipe (not shown in the figure), and clean water or other materials can be introduced into the water immersion area through the injection pipe, and react with the product after the roasting treatment to recover the substances in the positive electrode waste. The roasting product and the added slurry can be fully mixed by the rotation of the upper stirring blade 9 and the lower stirring blade 11. Controlling the upward movement of the lower rotating disk 10 can make the blocking rod 14 disengage from the filter through hole 12, and at the same time reduce the space of the water immersion area, and perform filter pressure treatment on the feed liquid and slag therein, and discharge the feed liquid from the filter through hole 12 to the top of the mounting disk 13, and the slag is retained in the water immersion area, and then discharged through the lower linkage mechanism.

[0032] When cleaning the upper rotating disk 8, the upper stirring blades 9, the lower rotating disk 10, and the lower stirring blades 11, the driving mechanism is controlled to drive them to rotate, and the cleaning work can be quickly completed in combination with the clean water input from the feed pipe.

[0033] The lower surface of the upper rotating disk 8 and the upper surface of the lower rotating disk 10 are both arranged as V-shaped structures, and the upper stirring blades 9 and the lower stirring blades 11 are arranged obliquely along the V-shaped structure to facilitate the discharge of liquid and slag from the water immersion area.

[0034] Example 2

[0035] The upper linkage mechanism is further described on the basis of Example 1. The upper linkage mechanism includes: a plurality of first hydraulic telescopic cylinders 15 arranged vertically in the processing furnace body 1 and connected to the bottom of the installation barrel body 2 and the lifting plate 7 at both ends, an upper material delivery pipe 16 arranged through the axis of the upper rotating plate 8 and fixedly connected to the lifting plate 7, a sleeve 17 fixedly connected to the axis of the lower surface of the upper rotating plate 8 and nested with the bottom end of the upper material delivery pipe 16, a discharge port 18 provided on the outer wall of the sealing sleeve 17, a discharge port 19 provided at the axis of the bottom of the installation barrel body 2 and nested and plugged with the top of the upper material delivery pipe 16, an upper plugging head 20 nested and installed at the discharge port 19 and fixedly connected to the upper material delivery pipe 16, a driving rod 21 fixedly connected to the top of the plugging head and arranged through the sealing discharge seat 4, and a transmission mechanism matched with the mounting ring 3 and linked to the driving rod 21.

[0036] When the roasting product installed in the barrel body 2 is input into the water immersion area, the first hydraulic telescopic cylinder 15 is controlled to contract to drive the lifting plate 7 and the upper material conveying pipe 16 fixed to the lifting plate 7 to move upward, so that the upper sealing head 20 is connected to the discharge port 19 to realize the connection between the discharge port 19 and the upper material conveying pipe 16, so that the bottom of the upper material conveying pipe 16 is separated from the sleeve 17 to realize the connection between the bottom of the upper material conveying pipe 16 and the discharge port 18. Under the natural gravity of the roasting product and the driving action of the downward movement of the sealed discharge seat 4, the roasting product can be input into the water immersion area along the discharge port 19, the first material conveying pipe and the discharge port 18.

[0037] The upper linkage mechanism also includes the following technical features: the upper plugging head 20 is fixedly connected to the upper material delivery pipe 16 through a connecting frame 22 to ensure the stability of the connection between the upper plugging head 20 and the upper material delivery pipe 16; the upper material delivery pipe 16 is fixedly connected to the lifting plate 7 through multiple groups of L-shaped rods 23 to ensure the stability of the connection between the upper material delivery pipe 16 and the lifting plate 7; the connection between the driving rod 21 and the sealing discharge seat 4 is kept sealed to prevent the roasting product in the barrel 2 from leaking. A nesting groove 24 is provided at the axis of the lower surface of the sealing discharge seat 4 to nest with the upper plugging head 20, and the depth of the nesting groove 24 is greater than the thickness of the upper plugging head 20. When the upper plugging head 20 is driven upward by the upper material delivery pipe 16, the sealing discharge seat 4 will move downward under the drive of the transmission mechanism. The arrangement of the nesting groove 24 can ensure that the upper plugging head 20 is received in the nesting groove 24 during the upward process to prevent it from interfering with the downward movement of the sealing discharge seat 4.

[0038] The transmission mechanism included in the upper linkage mechanism includes the following features: a first screw 25 fixedly connected to the top end of the driving rod 21, a first gear 26 rotatably mounted at the axis of the mounting ring 3 and kept in rotation with the first screw 25, multiple groups of second gears 27 rotatably mounted on the mounting ring 3 and kept in meshing with the first gear 26, and multiple groups of second screws 28 fixedly connected to the upper surface of the sealing discharge seat 4 and kept in rotation at the axis of the second gear 27.

[0039] When the upper sealing head 20 and the driving rod 21 thereon move upward under the drive of the first hydraulic telescopic cylinder 15, the first screw 25 on the driving rod 21 acts on the first gear 26 on the mounting ring 3 and drives the first gear 26 to rotate, thereby driving each group of second gears 27 to rotate, and the second gear 27 acts on the second screw 28 fixedly connected to the sealing discharge seat 4 to drive the second screw 28 and the sealing discharge seat 4 downward.

[0040] Example 3

[0041] The lower linkage mechanism is further described in the extrusion of Example 1. The lower linkage mechanism includes: a lower material delivery pipe 29 fixedly connected to the axis of the lower rotating disk 10 and arranged through the mounting disk 13, an upper fixed disk 30 and a lower fixed disk 31 fixedly connected to the processing furnace body 1 and arranged below the mounting disk 13, a middle fixed disk 32 fixedly connected to the outer periphery of the lower material delivery pipe 29 and arranged between the upper fixed disk 30 and the lower fixed disk 31, a second hydraulic telescopic cylinder 33 vertically fixedly arranged in the processing furnace body 1 and connected to the upper fixed disk 30 and the middle fixed disk 32 at both ends, a lower plugging head 34 slidably installed at the top of the upper material delivery pipe 16, and a support rod 35 arranged through the lower material delivery pipe 29 and fixedly connected to the lower plugging head 34 and the bottom of the processing furnace body 1 at both ends.

[0042] When the lower rotating disk 10 is controlled to move upward and perform filter pressing, the second hydraulic telescopic cylinder 33 is controlled to contract to drive the middle fixed disk 32 and the lower material delivery pipe 29 fixed to the middle fixed disk 32 and the lower rotating disk 10 to move upward synchronously, so that the blocking rod 14 is separated from the filter through hole 12, and the lower rotating disk 10 applies pressure to the slurry, and the slurry therein flows down to the mounting disk 13 through the filter through hole 12, and the slag is trapped between the lower rotating disk 10 and the upper rotating disk 8.

[0043] It should be noted that the lower plugging head 34 is arranged beyond the top end of the lower feed pipe 29 in the initial state. When the lower feed pipe 29 ascends for filter pressing, the lower plugging head 34 will descend relative to the lower feed pipe 29 and retract into the lower feed pipe 29, ensuring that the lower feed pipe 29 is in a blocked state while avoiding spatial interference between the lower plugging head 34 and the upper rotating disk 8.

[0044] When the lower rotating disk 10 is controlled to move downward and discharge the slag from the lower material conveying pipe 29, the second hydraulic telescopic cylinder 33 is controlled to extend to drive the middle fixed disk 32, the lower material conveying pipe 29 and the lower rotating disk 10 to move downward synchronously, and then the lower plugging head 34 is extended out of the lower material conveying pipe 29, so that the lower material conveying pipe 29 is in an open state, and the slag falls into the lower material conveying pipe 29 under the action of natural gravity and falls along the lower material conveying pipe 29 to the bottom of the processing furnace body 1.

[0045] The lower linkage mechanism also includes the following technical features: the upper fixed disk 30 and the lower fixed disk 31 have no spatial interference with the lower material delivery pipe 29 and the middle fixed disk 32, ensuring that the lower material delivery pipe 29 and the middle fixed disk 32 can move stably in the vertical direction; a drain pipe 36 flush with the mounting disk 13 is provided on the side wall of the processing furnace body 1 to facilitate the discharge of the liquid on the mounting disk 13; a slag discharge port 37 is provided at the bottom of the processing furnace body 1 to facilitate the discharge of the slag at the bottom of the processing furnace body 1.

[0046] Example 4

[0047] A driving mechanism is installed on the basis of the processing furnace body 1, the upper rotating disk 8 and the lower linkage mechanism, and the driving mechanism includes: a mounting sleeve 38 fixedly connected to the upper rotating disk 8 and arranged on the outer periphery of the upper material conveying pipe 16, a first sprocket 39 fixedly connected to the top of the mounting sleeve 38, a transmission shaft 40 rotatably mounted on the outside of the processing furnace body 1 and arranged in the vertical direction, a second sprocket 41 fixedly connected to the top of the transmission shaft 40 and realizing chain drive with the first sprocket 39 through a chain, a sliding guide rail 42 fixedly connected to the outer side wall of the lower material conveying pipe 29 and arranged in the vertical direction, a third sprocket 43 rotatably mounted on the lower fixed disk 31 and nested and plugged with the sliding guide rail 42, and a fourth sprocket 44 fixedly connected to the bottom end of the transmission shaft 40 and realizing chain drive with the third sprocket 43 through a chain. A driving motor 45 is also fixedly installed on the outer wall of the processing furnace body 1, and the rotating shaft of the driving motor 45 is fixedly connected to the transmission shaft 40.

[0048] When the upper stirring blades 9 and the lower stirring blades 11 are controlled to rotate to stir the slurry in the immersion area, the driving motor 45 is driven to work and then drive the transmission shaft 40 and the second sprocket 41 and the fourth sprocket 44 fixed to the transmission shaft 40 to rotate. When the second sprocket 41 rotates, it drives the first sprocket 39 and the mounting sleeve 38 fixed to the first sprocket 39, the upper rotating disk 8 and the upper stirring blades 9 to rotate. When the fourth sprocket 44 rotates, it drives the third sprocket 43 and the lower feed pipe 29 nested with the third sprocket 43, the lower rotating disk 10 fixed to the lower feed pipe 29, and the lower stirring blades 11 to rotate.

[0049] It should be noted that when the driving motor 45 is working, it is necessary to ensure that the lower rotating disk 10 is in an intermediate position different from the upward and downward positions, so that the blocking rod 14 is nested and plugged into the filter hole 12. During the rotation of the lower rotating disk 10, the mounting disk 13 will be driven to rotate synchronously to avoid the sealing rod 14 being difficult to vertically align with the corresponding filter hole 12 after the lower rotating disk 10 rotates to any angle.

[0050] The arrangement of the sliding guide rail 42 can ensure that the lower material conveying pipe 29 is always nested and combined with the third sprocket 43 during the upward and downward movement of the lower rotating disk 10 .

[0051] It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that the invention is not limited to the details of the exemplary embodiments described above and that the invention can be implemented in other specific forms without departing from the spirit or essential features of the invention. Therefore, the embodiments should be considered exemplary and non-limiting in all respects, and the scope of the invention is defined by the appended claims rather than the foregoing description, and it is intended that all variations falling within the meaning and scope of the equivalent elements of the claims be included in the invention. Any reference numeral in a claim should not be considered as limiting the claim to which it relates.

[0052] In addition, it should be understood that although the present specification is described according to implementation modes, not every implementation mode contains only one independent technical solution. This description of the specification is only for the sake of clarity. Those skilled in the art should regard the specification as a whole. The technical solutions in each embodiment may also be appropriately combined to form other implementation modes that can be understood by those skilled in the art.

Claims

1. A reduction furnace for treating waste positive electrode materials of lithium batteries, characterized in that: It comprises a processing furnace body (1) and a roasting component, an upper linkage mechanism, a water immersion component, and a lower linkage mechanism which are matched and installed in the processing furnace body (1). The roasting component comprises: a mounting barrel (2) fixedly connected to the inner wall of the processing furnace body (1), a mounting ring (3) fixedly connected to the middle section of the inner wall of the mounting barrel (2), a sealing discharge seat (4) slidably mounted in the mounting barrel (2) and arranged below the mounting ring (3), an eddy current heating cable (5) spirally wound in the mounting barrel (2), and a feeding hopper (6) fixedly connected to the outer side of the processing furnace body (1) and connected to the mounting barrel (2); The water immersion component comprises: a lifting plate (7) slidably mounted in the processing furnace body (1) and arranged below the roasting component, an upper rotating plate (8) rotatably mounted in the processing furnace body (1) and arranged below the lifting plate (7), upper stirring blades (9) distributed in a ring array on the lower surface of the upper rotating plate (8), a lower rotating plate (10) mounted in the processing furnace body (1) in a freely sliding and rotatable manner and arranged below the upper rotating plate (8), lower stirring blades (11) distributed in a ring array on the lower rotating plate (10), filtering holes (12) uniformly provided on the lower rotating plate (10), a mounting plate (13) rotatably mounted in the processing furnace body (1) and arranged below the lower rotating plate (10), and a blocking rod (14) uniformly fixed on the mounting plate (13) and nested and plugged with the filtering holes (12); a water immersion area is formed between the upper rotating plate (8) and the lower rotating plate (10); The upper linkage mechanism is used to control the material in the roasting part to enter the water-immersed part, and the lower linkage mechanism is used to control the material in the water-immersed part to be discharged. The upper stirring blade (9) and the lower stirring blade (11) are dynamically connected to a driving mechanism.

2. A reduction furnace for treating waste positive electrode materials of lithium batteries according to claim 1, characterized in that: The bottom of the installation barrel body (2) and the bottom of the sealing discharge seat (4) are both arranged as V-shaped structures nested with each other; the connection point between the feed hopper (6) and the installation barrel body (2) is located below the sealing discharge seat (4); and a sealing cover is mounted on the feed hopper (6).

3. A reduction furnace for treating waste positive electrode materials of lithium batteries according to claim 1, characterized in that: The lower surface of the upper rotating disk (8) and the upper surface of the lower rotating disk (10) are both arranged as a V-shaped structure, and the upper stirring blades (9) and the lower stirring blades (11) are both arranged obliquely along the V-shaped structure.

4. A reduction furnace for treating waste positive electrode materials of lithium batteries according to claim 1, characterized in that: The upper linkage mechanism comprises: a plurality of first hydraulic telescopic cylinders (15) vertically arranged in the processing furnace body (1) and having two ends respectively connected to the bottom of the installation barrel body (2) and the lifting plate (7); an upper material conveying pipe (16) penetrating the axis of the upper rotating plate (8) and being fixedly connected to the lifting plate (7); a sleeve (17) fixedly connected to the axis of the lower surface of the upper rotating plate (8) and nested with the bottom end of the upper material conveying pipe (16); and a sealing sleeve (17) provided in the sealing sleeve (17). ), a discharge port (18) on the outer wall of the barrel (2), a discharge port (19) provided at the bottom axis of the barrel body (2) and inserted and nested with the top of the upper material delivery pipe (16), an upper plugging head (20) nested and installed at the discharge port (19) and fixedly connected to the upper material delivery pipe (16), a driving rod (21) fixedly connected to the top of the plugging head and passing through the sealing discharge seat (4), and a transmission mechanism matched with the mounting ring (3) and linked to the driving rod (21).

5. A reduction furnace for treating waste positive electrode materials of lithium batteries according to claim 4, characterized in that: The upper plugging head (20) is fixedly connected to the upper material conveying pipe (16) via a connecting frame (22), and the upper material conveying pipe (16) is fixedly connected to the lifting plate (7) via a plurality of groups of L-shaped rods (23). A nesting groove (24) nested with the upper plugging head (20) is provided at the axis of the lower surface of the sealing discharge seat (4), and the depth of the nesting groove (24) is greater than the thickness of the upper plugging head (20). The connection between the driving rod (21) and the sealing discharge seat (4) is kept sealed.

6. A reduction furnace for treating waste positive electrode materials of lithium batteries according to claim 4, characterized in that: The transmission mechanism comprises: a first screw (25) fixedly connected to the top end of the driving rod (21), a first gear (26) rotatably mounted at the axis of the mounting ring (3) and maintained in rotational connection with the first screw (25), a plurality of groups of second gears (27) rotatably mounted on the mounting ring (3) and maintained in meshing with the first gear (26), and a plurality of groups of second screws (28) fixedly connected to the upper surface of the sealing discharge seat (4) and maintained in rotational connection with the axis of the second gear (27).

7. A reduction furnace for treating waste positive electrode materials of lithium batteries according to claim 1, characterized in that: The lower linkage mechanism comprises: a lower material conveying pipe (29) fixedly connected to the axis of the lower rotating disk (10) and passing through the mounting disk (13); an upper fixed disk (30) and a lower fixed disk (31) fixedly connected to the processing furnace body (1) and arranged below the mounting disk (13); a middle fixed disk (32) fixedly connected to the outer periphery of the lower material conveying pipe (29) and arranged between the upper fixed disk (30) and the lower fixed disk (31); a second hydraulic telescopic cylinder (33) vertically fixedly arranged in the processing furnace body (1) and having its two ends respectively connected to the upper fixed disk (30) and the middle fixed disk (32); a lower sealing head (34) slidably mounted on the top of the upper material conveying pipe (16); and a support rod (35) passing through the lower material conveying pipe (29) and having its two ends respectively fixed to the lower sealing head (34) and the bottom of the processing furnace body (1).

8. A reduction furnace for treating waste positive electrode materials of lithium batteries according to claim 7, characterized in that: The upper fixed plate (30) and the lower fixed plate (31) do not spatially interfere with the lower material delivery pipe (29) and the middle fixed plate (32); a liquid discharge pipe (36) flush with the mounting plate (13) is provided on the side wall of the processing furnace body (1); and a slag discharge port (37) is provided at the bottom of the processing furnace body (1).

9. A reduction furnace for treating waste positive electrode materials of lithium batteries according to claim 7, characterized in that: The driving mechanism comprises: a mounting sleeve (38) fixedly connected to the upper rotating disk (8) and arranged on the outer periphery of the upper material conveying pipe (16), a first sprocket (39) fixedly connected to the top of the mounting sleeve (38), a transmission shaft (40) rotatably mounted on the outside of the processing furnace body (1) and arranged in the vertical direction, a second sprocket (41) fixedly connected to the top of the transmission shaft (40) and realizing chain transmission with the first sprocket (39) through a chain, a sliding guide rail (42) fixedly connected to the outer side wall of the lower material conveying pipe (29) and arranged in the vertical direction, a third sprocket (43) rotatably mounted on the lower fixed disk (31) and nested and plugged with the sliding guide rail (42), and a fourth sprocket (44) fixedly connected to the bottom end of the transmission shaft (40) and realizing chain transmission with the third sprocket (43) through a chain.

10. A reduction furnace for treating waste positive electrode materials of lithium batteries according to claim 9, characterized in that: A driving motor (45) is also fixedly mounted on the outer wall of the processing furnace body (1), and the rotating shaft of the driving motor (45) is fixedly connected to the transmission shaft (40).

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